DE102020131083A1 - hose pump - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of the dispensing device (100), in which the air space in the reservoir is connected to a vacuum pump (102) via a vacuum connection, a cost-effective hose pump (1) can nevertheless be used as a delivery pump to the consumer (104). to be able to use, for the reshaping of the hose (2) after the compression either on the outside of the hose (2) in the interior (6) of the hose pump (1) underpressure or even vacuum is also used or a mechanical reshaping is provided. The hose (2) can be deformed by rigid press bodies (8) or by stretchable press cushions (23) or press sleeves (24), preferably with individual chambers (18a-d) one behind the other.

Description

I. Field of application

The invention relates to the transport of liquids or viscous substances in a transport line.

II. Technical background

The transport of viscous, viscous substances in lines is often difficult, as they build up a high flow resistance.

In addition, these substances - which are required in electronics, the cosmetics industry or adhesive technology - can either be very sensitive and/or abrasive and/or adhesive, which makes handling even more difficult.

In principle, attempts are made to handle these materials without being able to penetrate into gaps such as between a valve body and a valve seat or into other cavities in which they can be deposited and, in the case of curable materials, also be able to cure.

A typical problem is transporting such materials from a storage container such as a barrel, a cartridge or a pre-treatment unit, such as a mixer, to a consumer, for example a dosing unit for dispensing these substances in precisely specified, i.e. dosed, quantities. For this, the consumer must often have a certain minimum pressure, which should be constantly maintained during delivery.

In order to avoid deposits, membrane pumps were used in the past for transporting in hose lines, in which an oscillatingly driven membrane allows the material to be conveyed in portions into a line to the consumer, but such membrane pumps are often not precise in terms of their stroke volume enough.

In addition, hose pumps are known in which the transport is carried out by regularly deforming an elastic hose - which is part of the line through which the material is guided - it causes problems to transport a material that is not subject to the ambient pressure, but only an extremely low residual pressure close to zero of a few millibars, which is always the case when the material has to be conveyed from a processing device or a container which is kept under vacuum to avoid air pockets.

In peristaltic pumps, a cross-section variator is attached to the elastic hose and is able to reduce the cross-section of the hose and compress it, if necessary down to zero, i.e. to compress it to form a seal, whereby the pressing point is usually moved along the hose and the material in the hose is pushed in front of the pressing point by means of the cross-section variator.

Typical cross-section variators include compactors in the form of non-deformable, rigid shoes or rollers which compress the hose transversely and then are moved longitudinally along the hose.

In addition, elastic press bodies are known, for example in the form of a pressure sleeve arranged around the entire circumference of the hose or a pressure pad lying against it only over a partial area of the circumference. These elastic compacts are usually hollow and can be filled hydraulically or pneumatically, thereby compressing the hose.

III. Presentation of the invention

a) Technical task

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a peristaltic pump and a dispensing device equipped with it that avoids the problems described and is also easy and inexpensive to produce and has a long service life, as well as a method for operating such a dispensing device .

b) Solution of the task

This object is solved by the features of claims 1, 13 and 16. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

With regard to a hose pump, this object is achieved in that the hose pump has a pressure-tight housing around the hose in the pumping section, i.e. the area in which the pressing point is located or can move, preferably around the entire hose pump .

The hose can enter the housing via a pressure-tight inlet opening and a pressure-tight outlet opening and exit the housing again, and the housing has a pressure connection with which a desired pressure, in particular negative pressure, can be set in the housing can, which thus prevails on the outer circumference of the hose.

With such a design of the hose pump, a targeted setting of the ambient pressure around the hose in the area of the hose pump in relation to the pressure in its interior is possible.

The controller, which controls the entire hose pump and also the pressure inside the housing, should be designed in such a way that it is able to use the pressure connection to adjust the pressure in the housing, for example, to the pressure inside the hose control and / or between the pressing processes of the hose pump to bring about a negative pressure in the housing compared either to the ambient pressure or to the pressure inside the hose.

It should be made clear that a peristaltic pump generally requires a partially elastic body that is open on both sides and that can be flown through, which is called a hose here, although the body does not have the typical appearance of a hose, i.e. neither a round cross-section nor a larger one in the direction of flow Extension than in the transverse direction must have. The term hose should be understood to mean all elastic hollow bodies with two openings.

Instead or in support of this, the elastic flow-through body can be designed in such a way that, after the end of the compression, it resumes its non-compressed initial state without any external influence, be it due to the structure or material properties of its peripheral wall.

The peripheral wall can consist of a so-called memory material, which either always or under certain physical conditions resumes its original shape.

• So kann beispielsweise zum Verringern seiner Querschnittsfläche der Schlauch in einer ersten Querrichtung zu seiner Längsrichtung mit beaufschlagt wird, zur Zurückverformung in den Ausgangszustand dagegen in einer zweiten, insbesondere lotrecht zur ersten Querrichtung stehenden, 2. Querrichtung mit Kraft beaufschlagt wird, und dadurch die Rückverformung begünstigt oder überhaupt erst bewirkt wird.

Another possibility is that the deformation back to the initial state occurs due to external influence:

• For example, in order to reduce its cross-sectional area, the hose can be acted upon in a first direction transverse to its longitudinal direction, but in order to deform it back into its initial state, force can be applied in a second transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to the first transverse direction, 2nd transverse direction, thereby promoting the reshaping or is brought about in the first place.

The application of force in the second, re-deforming transverse direction can be carried out by means of a press body that acts on the hose, in particular only periodically, or for example by means of a resilient element that bears, in particular permanently, on the hose - on its outside or inside.

Thus, a compression spring arranged inside the hose, for example a spiral spring, can apply force to the hose radially outwards, or else a spring acting on the outside of the hose.

Such resilient elements can also only be present in sections in the longitudinal direction of the hose.

In this way, the rebound can be ensured even if the relation between the external pressure and the internal pressure with regard to the hose is unfavorable for this.

In most hose pump designs, the cross-section variator includes a rigid compression body that mechanically compresses the hose.

For the present case, however, designs of cross-section variators are also suitable that are not rigid but can change their shape and are in particular elastic pressed bodies, for example are themselves a hollow body and the internal pressure of at least one corresponding connection can be changed via corresponding connections.

Such a non-rigid, in particular elastic, pressed body can bear against the hose with part of its peripheral wall and when pressure is applied to the interior of such a cross-sectional variator, the peripheral wall of the cross-sectional variator can be pressed against the peripheral wall of the hose and compress it.

The pinch point with the reduced cross-sectional area can also be moved in the flow direction of the hose, in particular without the cross-section variator moving in this direction, simply because the point of greatest expansion of the cross-section variator is transverse to the hose in the longitudinal direction of the Hose, the direction of flow, can migrate.

If the area variator is able to compress the inner cross-section of the hose down to zero, so that the inner cross-section is closed and thus act as a check valve, it is called a pinch valve,

The peristaltic pump according to the invention can also include several cross-section variators one behind the other in the direction of flow, which then preferably have to be able to be driven out of phase or have to be able to be driven in a specific temporal correlation with one another.

The interior of the compact can have several chambers in the flow direction, in particular one behind the other, which successively expand transversely to the longitudinal axis of the hose and compress it, namely in the flow direction one after the other, whereby the material in the hose is pushed forward in the flow direction.

The individual chambers can be connected to one another, with throttling points between the chambers, and in particular there can be only one common compression pressure connection for the entire compression body.

Alternatively, the individual chambers can also not be connected to one another, that is to say they can be separate chambers, each of which has a separate compression pressure connection, which is then pressurized according to this progress sequence.

Preferably, at least the first chamber in the flow direction is able to reduce the cross-sectional area of the hose to zero in order to avoid backflow of material into the hose.

With the other chambers, on the other hand, it makes sense to compress them down to a small but remaining cross-section in the hose so that no material is trapped between the closed cross-section in the first chamber and another closed cross-section in a second chamber, which is then under very high pressure would. If there are remaining cross-sections, the material can always move away from the closed pressing point and thus in the direction of flow.

After the pressing points have been opened, material flows from upstream into the hose, especially if there is another pressing point at the end of the stretch of pressing points that are not completely closed, which completely closes the cross-section of the hose for this purpose, i.e. another pinch valve .

A sequence of pinch valves can also be controlled in this way if the pieces of tubing between them can withstand the pressure occurring therein when two adjacent pinch points are closed one after the other.

The hose pump preferably also includes a vacuum sensor for measuring the negative pressure in the housing around the hose in order to be able to control the variator drive or the negative pressure pump for generating the negative pressure in the desired manner.

Since many viscous materials become more liquid with increasing temperature, a heater can also be present, in particular with a temperature control, which heats the hose pump, i.e. either the interior of the housing and/or the hose itself, so that the material in the hose heats up and therefore flows more easily and the effort required to operate the hose pump decreases.

The pressure present in the material can also be monitored by a pressure sensor which can be arranged, for example, upstream and/or downstream of the pumping length region in which the cross-sectional area of the hose is changed.

• Er kann beispielsweise auch den Außenumfang oder Außendurchmesser des Schlauches messen und hieraus Rückschlüsse auf den im Inneren herrschenden Druck ziehen, wenn die Elastizität des Schlauches an dieser Stelle bekannt ist.
• Ebenso kann bei einem elastischen Presskörper, dessen Inneres mit Druck beaufschlagt werden kann, der Druck im Inneren des elastischen Presskörpers mittels eines Drucksensors gemessen werden, und basierend auf dem Druck im Inneren des elastischen Presskörpers oder mit diesem gleichgesetzt auf den Druck im Material im Inneren des Schlauches von der Steuerung geschlossen werden.
• Da eine solche Schlauch-Pumpe einfach und kostengünstig herzustellen ist und abhängig von dem Schlauch-Material auch eine hohe Lebensdauer besitzt, ist dies eine gegenüber Membran-Pumpen eventuell bessere Lösung auch abhängig von den zu fördernden Materialien.

Such a pressure sensor does not necessarily have to be connected to the material in the hose:

• For example, he can also measure the outer circumference or outer diameter of the hose and draw conclusions about the pressure prevailing inside if the elasticity of the hose is known at this point.
• Also, in an elastic compact, the interior of which can be pressurized, the pressure inside the elastic compact can be measured by a pressure sensor, and based on the pressure inside the elastic compact or equated to the pressure in the material inside the hose can be closed by the controller.
• Since such a hose pump is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and also has a long service life depending on the hose material, this is a possibly better solution than diaphragm pumps, also depending on the materials to be pumped.

With regard to the dispensing device, which includes a reservoir for the material with an outlet opening in its lower area and a hose pump, which is fluidically connected to this outlet opening, the existing object is achieved in that the hose pump is designed as described above.

For the case primarily considered here, in which the material in the reservoir is subject to negative pressure, i.e. due to the incompressibility of a viscous or liquid material, the air space above the material in the reservoir is subject to negative pressure, the housing of the peristaltic pump should be designed in such a way that it can be subjected to the same negative pressure inside as the air space in the reservoir.

This eliminates the risk that the compressed hose will no longer expand back to its original state after the compression force has been removed due to the negative pressure present in its interior.

A shut-off valve which can completely shut off a free cross-section of the tube, in particular a pinch valve, is preferably arranged between the reservoir and the cross-section variator, with the shut-off valve also being able to be part of the tube pump.

In order to reduce the periodically generated by a peristaltic pump rising and falling pressure at the outlet of the peristaltic pump with regard to the consumer, two or more peristaltic pumps can be connected in parallel if either a control is available that is able to operate these peristaltic pumps phase-shifted, to drive them alternately with two peristaltic pumps and/or simply to drive the several peristaltic pumps by only one common pump drive, and the phase shift is realized by the corresponding mechanical design of the common pump drive.

This allows the high pressure phases at the outlet of one of the peristaltic pumps to follow almost seamlessly with phases of high pressure at the outlet of the other peristaltic pump, and the output lines of the peristaltic pumps are merged into a single delivery line to the consumer.

With regard to the method for operating a hose pump, in particular as part of a dispensing device as described above, this object is achieved in that the interior of the pressure-tight housing around the pumping area of the hose is kept under the same or even an even stronger negative pressure becomes like the air space in the reservoir above the material.

If several cross-section variators are present one behind the other in the direction of flow and are in contact with the same hose, they will be operated out of phase, in particular the individual cross-section variators will be activated one after the other in the direction of flow.

If there are several hose pumps that are connected in parallel and are attached to different hoses, the periodic pressure fluctuations in the delivery line to the consumer are reduced or eliminated by the hose pumps being driven out of phase, in particular in the case of two hose pumps being driven alternately.

character list

• 1a: eine mechanische Schlauch-Pumpe,
• 1b, c: Querschnitte durch den Schlauch in der Schlauch-Pumpe gemäß 1a,
• 2a-f: eine 1. Bauform einer pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Schlauch-Pumpe im Längsschnitt entlang des Schlauches in verschiedenen Funktionszuständen,
• 3a, b: eine 2. Bauform einer pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Schlauch-Pumpe im Längsschnitt entlang des Schlauches in verschiedenen Funktionszuständen
• 4: eine mechanische Zusatzausstattung zu einer Schlauch-Pumpe ähnlich 1a,
• 5a-c: Querschnitte an verschiedenen Stellen durch die Schlauch-Pumpe gemäß 4 in verschiedenen Funktionsstellungen,
• 6: eine 3. Bauform einer pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Schlauch-Pumpe im Längsschnitt entlang des Schlauches,
• 7: eine Ausbring-Vorrichtung mit einem Vorratsbehälter für viskoses oder flüssiges Material und einer erfindungsgemäßen Schlauch-Pumpe,

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1a : a mechanical hose pump,
• 1b, c : Cross-sections through the hose in the peristaltic pump according to 1a ,
• 2a-f : a 1st design of a pneumatic or hydraulic hose pump in longitudinal section along the hose in various functional states,
• 3a, b : a second design of a pneumatic or hydraulic hose pump in longitudinal section along the hose in different functional states
• 4 : a mechanical accessory similar to a peristaltic pump 1a ,
• 5a-c : Cross-sections at different points through the peristaltic pump according to 4 in different functional positions,
• 6 : a 3rd design of a pneumatic or hydraulic hose pump in longitudinal section along the hose,
• 7 : a dispensing device with a storage container for viscous or liquid material and a hose pump according to the invention,

• Die Ausbring-Vorrichtung 100, deren Steuerung 100* die beweglichen Teile der Vorrichtung steuert, umfasst zunächst einen Vorrats-Behälter 101, der aus einem - nicht dargestellten - z.B. Lieferbehälter oder einem anderen Reservoir nachgefüllt wird und auch dem Vorbehandeln des darin vorgehaltenen Materials M dient:

5 reveals the problem underlying the invention:

• The dispensing device 100, whose controller 100* controls the moving parts of the device, initially comprises a storage container 101, which is refilled from a supply container (not shown) or another reservoir and also serves to pretreat the material M stored therein :

For this purpose, a mixer can rotate in the storage container 101 and/or pumping can be carried out and/or thin-film degassing can be carried out or other treatment steps can be carried out.

In order to prevent new air pockets from forming, the air space in the reservoir 101 is above the material with a negative pressure close to vacuum, approximately from 1 mbar to 50 mbar absolute pressure, generated by a vacuum pump 102, which removes the air from the air space of the reservoir 101 sucks.

The material M is removed from the storage container, preferably at its lowest point, from an outlet opening 101a and fed via a connecting line 103 to a consumer 104, here a metering device 104 for dispensing precisely metered amounts of the material M via a dispensing nozzle, for example 105

So that this—usually intermittent—discharge from the discharge nozzle 105 can take place at any time, the material M must always be in contact with the consumer 104 with a specific minimum pressure, while pressure fluctuations above the minimum pressure are acceptable.

According to the invention, this pressure is maintained by a hose pump 1 in the connecting line 103, in this case connected directly to the outlet opening 101a of the reservoir 1 instead of the membrane pumps or piston pumps that are otherwise present at this point, since hose pumps are used as simply constructed and inexpensive standard parts are available.

The problem here is that with a conventional hose pump, the hose is compressed at one or more pressing points with regard to its cross section, and after this pressing force is removed, it deforms back to its original, mostly round, cross section on the one hand due to the restoring force of the elastic material of the wall of the hose, but above all also because of the overpressure prevailing inside the hose in the material M conveyed in it.

However, since in the present case the air space in the reservoir 101 is subjected to a quasi-vacuum - hereinafter referred to simply as a vacuum - this also applies to the material M present below the air space and thus also to the material M in the connecting line 103. so that the peristaltic pump 1 lacks an essential parameter for the return from the compressed to the non-compressed cross-section of the peristaltic tube, which, however, is essential for the function of a peristaltic pump.

• Dabei wird ein Schlauch 2 aus einem elastischen Material in einer U-Form in einer Ebene verlaufend durch ein Gehäuse 5 geführt, wobei die U-Form im Umkehr-Bereich die Form eines Halbkreises besitzt. Im Mittelpunkt dieses halbkreisförmigen U-Endes - betrachtet lotrecht auf die U-Form-Ebene U", in der der Schlauch 2 liegt, also wie in 1a dargestellt - rotiert ein zweiarmiger Drehhebel 28, dessen einander gegenüberliegende, gleich lange Hebelarme am Ende jeweils einen Presskörper 8, hier in Form einer Presswalze 8, tragen, welche um eine Presswalze-Achse 8', die lotrecht zur U-Form-Ebene U" liegt, an dem Drehhebel 28 rotierbar gehalten ist. Der Drehhebel 28 seinerseits ist ebenfalls um lotrecht zur Schlauchebene 2" verlaufende Drehhebel-Achse 28' angetrieben von einem Variator-Antrieb 4 und gesteuert von einer Steuerung 1* der Schlauch-Pumpe 1 - die ein integraler Bestandteil der Steuerung 100* der Ausbringvorrichtung sein kann - in einer bestimmten Rotationsrichtung R, hier gegen den Uhrzeigersinn, rotiert.

the 1a - c show a hose pump 1 known per se, only equipped with additives according to the invention:

• A hose 2 made of an elastic material is guided in a U-shape in one plane through a housing 5, the U-shape having the shape of a semicircle in the reversal area. In the center of this semi-circular end of the U - viewed perpendicular to the U-shape plane U", in which the tube 2 lies, i.e. as in 1a shown - a two-armed rotary lever 28 rotates, the mutually opposite lever arms of equal length each carrying a press body 8 at the end, here in the form of a press roller 8, which rotates about a press roller axis 8', which is perpendicular to the U-shape plane U". located, is rotatably held on the rotary lever 28. The rotary lever 28 in turn is also driven by a variator drive 4 and controlled by a controller 1* of the hose pump 1--the one can be an integral part of the control 100* of the dispensing device - rotates in a specific direction of rotation R, here counterclockwise.

As is known, the lengths of the lever arms of the rotary lever 28 and the diameter of the two press rollers 8 are measured in such a way that each of the press rollers 8 presses radially from the inside outwards against the hose 2 for a little more than half a revolution and presses it in the radial direction of its cross-section 2", because on the radial outside of the U-shaped deflection area of the hose 2, the hose 2 presses against a mostly plate-shaped counter-holder 21 that extends over at least the semicircular deflection area of the hose 2, as shown in FIGS 1b and 1c apparent.

At the pressing point S in the direction of rotation, at which the pressing roller 8 is currently acting on the tube 2, its wall 9 is preferably squeezed flat, so that the inner free cross-section 2" is zero or tends towards zero, as in 1c shown.

As a result, the press roller 8 moving along the tube 2 pushes the material M contained in the tube 2 in front of it and transports it in the direction of flow 10 along the tube 2.

The two ends of the hose 2 in the housing 5 are usually tightly connected with a flange-shaped inlet opening 5a on the one hand and outlet opening 5b on the other hand, and the material is thus pushed out of the outlet opening 5b. The openings 5a, b are in turn connected to the housing 5 in a sealed manner.

In a known hose pump 1, the hose 2 resumes its original, unloaded cross-section, usually a circular cross-section, immediately behind the pinch point S, as in 1b shown.

Due to the lack of internal pressure in the interior of the hose 2, this would have to be done solely due to the restoring force of the wall 9 of the hose 2, which means a less elastic hose and thus a high force to be applied by the cross-section variator 3, here the rotary lever 28 with the press rollers 8, would require.

In order to avoid this, the interior 6 of the housing 5, which is tightly closed, has a vacuum connection 7, via which a vacuum can be generated in the interior of the housing 5 by means of a vacuum pump 20, possibly even a lower pressure than the pressure inside Interior of the tube 2 prevails, so that one factor for preventing the rebound of the tube 2 is eliminated, namely a higher external pressure than the internal pressure with respect to the tube 2.

If the peristaltic pump 1 as part of a dispensing device 100 according to 7 is used, the vacuum connection 7 of the vacuum pump 1 is preferably connected via a vacuum line 106 to the same vacuum pump 102 that also applies vacuum to the air space of the reservoir 101 .

A vacuum sensor 15 can also be present in the interior 6 , which measures the pressure there, ie negative pressure, for control purposes and reports it to the controller 1 * , which can then vary the application of negative pressure via the negative pressure connection 7 .

• So können nahe der Einlassöffnung 5a und der Auslassöffnung 5b im Gehäuse 5 für den Schlauch 2 jeweils ein Drucksensor 19 b, c auf der Außenseite am Schlauch 2 angeordnet sein, insbesondere anliegen und den darin herrschenden Druck - direkt oder indirekt über die Form des Querschnittes des Schlauches 2 - messen.

Furthermore, one or more pressure sensors 19 a, b, c can be present in the interior 6 in order to measure the pressure in the hose 2 and in particular along the hose 2:

• Thus, near the inlet opening 5a and the outlet opening 5b in the housing 5 for the hose 2, a pressure sensor 19b, c can be arranged on the outside of the hose 2, in particular resting against it and measuring the pressure therein - directly or indirectly via the shape of the cross section of the hose 2 - measure.

Furthermore, a pressure sensor 19a can be present, approximately in the middle of the U-shaped bend of the hose 2, which is directed towards the radially inner area of the peripheral contour of the hose 2 and measures its position relative to the radially further outward counter-holder 21, in particular during passage of the press roller 8, and from this the pressure inside the tube 2 can be determined.

In order to heat the material M conveyed in the hose 2 and thereby make it more liquid, a heater 16 can be present in the interior 6, for example by electrically heating the counter-holder 21, particularly if this consists of metal.

The heater 16 is preferably equipped with a temperature controller 17, which is preferably a component of the controller 1* of the peristaltic pump 1.

4 shows an alternative to reshaping the hose 2 downstream of its pinch point S instead of and/or in addition to the vacuum connection 7, which can, however, be used primarily with the hose 2 running straight in the area of the hose pump 1, i.e. less so with the hose 2 in a U-shape laid hose according to 1a .

The flattened cross-section 2" of the tube 2 is then deformed back into the original, round cross-sectional shape by means of passes of at least one further press roller 26, as best shown in the cross-sectional representations in FIG 5a - c show with hose 2:

5a shows the unloaded, circular cross-section of the hose 2 cut sufficiently far away from the pinch point S.

the 5b shows the hose 2 in a quasi-tightly compressed state of its cross section 2" at point S, but not squeezed between a press roller 8 and a counter-holder 21 as in the case of the hose pump according to FIG 1a , but between two--preferably identically shaped--pressing rollers 8, which act on the hose 2 at the same squeezing point S from two opposite sides with respect to the cross-section of the hose 2. The press roller 8 is preferably attached to the free end of a rotary lever 28 with only one arm, and it is not a 2-arm drive 28 with a press roller 8 at each of its free ends.

The reason is that after passing the two press rollers 8 that press the hose 2 together at the press point S, another pair of press rollers 26, mounted on rotary levers 27, must be able to act on the hose 2 in order to press it apart again into its original cross-sectional shape before the rotating rotary levers 28 to reach press office S again.

While the two compressing rotary levers 28 with the press rollers 8 are in the 1st plane of rotation 28" containing the transverse direction 11 rotate, the rotary levers 27 pointing apart rotate with their press rollers 26 in a plane of rotation 27" containing the 2nd transverse direction 12", which is transverse, preferably perpendicular, to the plane of rotation 28", with both planes of rotation indicating the direction of flow 10, i.e. the hose direction.

For this purpose, the circumferential groove 26a of these press rollers 26 has a cross section which is approximately semi-circular with a radius which is somewhat greater than or equal to the radius of the outer circumference of the undeformed hose 2 5a is. In which the two press rollers 26 approach each other at the maximum position in which their rotary levers 27 face each other - as in 5c shown - reach very close radially against each other and leave a free space between them, which corresponds to the shape of the undeformed cross section of the hose 2 or is only slightly larger than this, the hose 2 is pressed apart again into its original, round cross section.

In this way, the reshaping takes place mechanically and at most additionally, but not necessarily, by the negative pressure applied on the outside of the hose according to the solution 1a .

• Dies können ringförmig um die Längsachse des Schlauches 2 umlaufende Pressmanschetten 24 sein oder auch nur auf einer oder zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten Querschnittes des Schlauches 2 angeordnete Presskissen 23, die gegenüberliegend insbesondere an der gleichen Längsposition vorhanden sind, wobei dann die beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Druckkissen 23 immer synchron betrieben werden. Vorzugsweise sind in Durchströmungsrichtung 10 hintereinander mehrere Presskissen 23 oder Dressmanschetten 24 vorhanden.

the 2 and 3 show solutions in which the tube 2 is not compressed in its cross section by means of rigid press bodies 8 or 26, but rather by elastic, hollow press bodies that can be expanded in the cross-sectional direction of the tube 2 in the direction of its central longitudinal axis 2':

• These can be press sleeves 24 that run around the longitudinal axis of the hose 2 in a ring shape, or pressure pads 23 that are arranged only on one or two opposite sides of the cross-section of the hose 2, which are present opposite each other, in particular at the same longitudinal position, in which case the two opposite pressure pads 23 are always be operated synchronously. Preferably, several pressure pads 23 or dress cuffs 24 are present one behind the other in the direction of flow 10 .

The pressure pads 2 or press sleeves 24 are supported on their radial outside on a fixed counter-holder 21, in the case of a press sleeve 24 a counter-holder tube 21 running around the longitudinal direction 2' of the hose, and at least in the expanded state they are not only on the outer circumference of the hose 2, but press its cross section together, if necessary down to zero.

If, as shown, the counter-holder 21 is part of the press pad 23 or the press sleeve 24, the two must be tightly connected to one another.

Of these press pads 23 or press sleeves 24 are in the first design according to 2a-f four such, in this case ring-shaped, pressure cushions with pressure chambers 18a-d are shown in the direction of flow 10, the number of which can vary in practice. A tight fixation between the membrane of the press cushion 23 or the press sleeve 24 and the counter-holder 21 is then necessary between the chambers 18 a, b, c, d.

• Zum Vorwärtsschieben des Materials M in Förderrichtung 10 wird zunächst die in der gewünschten Förderrichtung 10 hinterste, erste Quetsch-Stelle S1 aktiviert, also die dortige Druckkammern 18a der Pressmanschette 24 mit Druck beaufschlagt, sodass sich ihre elastische, an der Wandung 9 des Schlauches 2 anliegende Wandung nach radial innen ausdehnt und den Schlauch 2 radial zusammenquetscht, vorzugsweise bis sein innerer Durchgang verschlossen ist.

Each of these pressure chambers 18a-d, which are separated from each other in a pressure-tight manner, is equipped with its own press-pressure connection 14a-d, the pressurization of which - usually by opening and closing valves (not shown) - is controlled by the control 1*, also not shown, of the hose - Pump 1 is controlled in the correct time relation to each other in order to achieve the function described below:

• To push the material M forward in the conveying direction 10, the rearmost, first squeezing point S1 in the desired conveying direction 10 is first activated, i.e. the pressure chambers 18a of the compression sleeve 24 there are pressurised, so that their elastic contact with the wall 9 of the hose 2 is applied Wall expands radially inward and the hose 2 squeezes radially, preferably until its inner passage is closed.

As a result, the material M previously present in the hose at this pinch point S1 is displaced both in the conveying direction 10 and in the opposite direction thereto.

While this pinch point S1 remains closed, as in 2a shown, then the adjacent next pinch point S2 according to chronologically one after the other 2 B activated, and the hose 2 is also reduced in its cross section there, but the cross section is not completely closed, so that the material displaced in this area can only escape in the conveying direction 10 through the pinch point S2. Then - with the previously activated squeezing points S1 and S2 remain in their squeezing position - the next lying in the conveying direction 10 squeezing point S3 and then S4 activated according to the 2c, i.e , wherein the already activated chambers 18a, b, c lying upstream thereof remain in this state.

In this way, a considerable amount of material is pushed through the tube 2 in the transport direction 10 downstream of the last activatable chamber, here 18d.

For the next conveying process, after activating all existing chambers 18a-d, the last chamber 18d in the conveying direction 10 is further pressurized and the hose 2 is thereby compressed at this last pinch point S4 down to a cross-section of zero, i.e. closed and held.

Once this last pinch point S4 has been closed, the pinch points S1, S2, S3 upstream of it are deactivated one after the other, i.e. the cross-section of the hose is opened again, starting with the pinch point S1 that is furthest upstream and then continuing with the respective next squeezing points S2, S3 in the conveying direction 10. As a result, material from the upstream region is sucked through the increasing interior space in the hose in the direction of the completely closed squeezing point S4.

In this case, too, the resilience of the hose can be promoted by negative pressure connections 7, which in each case in the area between the pinch points S1-S4 create a negative pressure in the radial area between the membrane of the press sleeve 24, for example, supported on the counter-holder tube 21, and the hose 2

In 2e the state shortly before the deactivation of the last squeezing point S3 in the conveying direction 10 before the closed squeezing point S4 is shown, in 2f all other pinch points S1-S3 present upstream of the closed last pinch point S4 are already open and the tube again has its unloaded, mostly circular, cross-section at these pinch points S1-S3.

After that, the next conveying cycle, beginning with the deactivation and closing of the most upstream squeezing point S1 according to FIG 2a , start again.

Instead of designing the first and last pressing point as a pinch valve, i.e. with the possibility of completely closing the hose cross-section, conventional check valves, for example with a valve seat and valve body, can also be provided in the hose upstream and downstream of the hose pump Rule allows contact between the material and the joints between the valve seat and valve body, which is not desired due to the often adhesive effect of the material M.

while in 2a-f the press-pressure chambers 18a-d are not connected to one another in terms of pressure, the 3a, b - also in a longitudinal section along the hose 2 - a second design, in which these chambers 18a-d are connected to one another in terms of pressure, but through relatively small connection openings 29a-c, which act as a throttle and are preferably distributed over the circumference around the hose 2 as a individual through-openings or single through-opening and not as a through-ring are present.

• Für das Vorwärtsfördern des Materials M im Inneren des Schlauches 2 im Längenbereich der Schlauch-Pumpe muss lediglich - bei geschlossenem Press-Druckanschluss 14B, falls vorhanden - der Press-Druckanschluss 14A mit Pressdruck beaufschlagt werden, in der Regel mit Druckluft, sodass sich dann die Kammern 18a, b, c, d - aufgrund der Drosselstellen 29a-c zeitlich nacheinander - gegen den Schlauch 2 ausdehnen und den gleichen Effekt bewirken wie bei den 2a-d.

The first chamber 18a is in turn connected to a press-pressure connection 14A, but downstream of this at most the last press-pressure chamber 18d is connected to a further press-pressure connection 14B:

• For the forward conveyance of the material M inside the hose 2 in the length range of the hose pump, only - with the press pressure connection 14B closed, if available - the press pressure connection 14A has to be subjected to pressure, usually with compressed air, so that the Chambers 18a, b, c, d - due to the throttle points 29a-c in chronological succession - expand against the hose 2 and cause the same effect as in the 2a-d .

In 3b shows the state in which the chambers 18a and b are already fully stretched and next the clip 18c will expand radially inwards, in which case fully stretched means that in the fully stretched region of the chambers the cross-section of the tube 2 is reduced to zero, that is closed, with the downstream beginning of the closed hose section moving in the conveying direction 10 .

In order to draw up new material M inside the hose 2 in the length area of the hose pump 1, the pressure present at the press-pressure connection 14 A is reduced, if necessary to ambient pressure or even to the negative pressure range, as a result of which the chamber 18a contracts first and consequently also the downstream chambers 18b, 18c and 18d. As a result, the tube 2 deforms back into its original, open cross section at the upstream squeezing points S3, S2, S1 and material is subsequently supplied in the direction of the most downstream squeezing point S4.

If the press-pressure connection 14B is present, this can be briefly subjected to press pressure and the chamber 18d there preferably completely close the cross-section 2" of the hose 2, which promotes the sucking in of material from the area upstream of the hose pump 1. Preferably, the press-pressure connection 14B is only subjected to excess pressure when the upstream chambers 18a to 18c are already completely full have reached contracted state B.

6 shows a 3rd design of the peristaltic pump 1 similar to that of the 1st design according to FIG 2a to f.

In contrast to this, the hose 2 itself is already part of the ring-shaped circumferential press sleeve 24 - which therefore does not have its own elastic membrane in addition to the hose 2 - of which in the illustrated case there are four pieces one behind the other in the flow direction 10 and ring-shaped form circumferential chambers 18a to 18d, the radial outside of which is in turn formed by a tubular counter-holder 21, in which the hose 2 runs along.

Here too, each of the chambers 18a to 18d can be pressurized via its own individual pressure connection 14a to 14d.

For conveying material in the flow direction 10 as in the design according to 2 the chambers 18 a to d are pressurized one after the other and the free cross section of the hose 2 is thereby reduced at the individual pressing points S1 to S4, preferably being reduced to zero at the most upstream pressing point S1, while the subsequent pressing points are not completely conveyed getting closed.

6 shows the situation in which the hose 2 is already tightly compressed at the 1st compression point S1 and the hose is already compressed down to a reasonable residual cross-section at the compression point S2, whereupon the compression at the subsequent compression points S3 and S4, preferably again up to to a sensible residual cross-section.

Since it is preferable not to damage hose 2, its inner cross-section between the individual pressing points S1 to S4 and at the beginning and end of hose pump 1 is kept open by a support ring 22 that fits into the inner circumference of hose 2 and is inserted into the hose keeps the outer circumference of the hose 2 in contact with the inner circumference of the tubular anvil 21 . As a result, there is no need for the hose 2 to be fixed, for example by gluing, in relation to the counter-holder 21 , which also allows small compensating movements of the hose 2 in or against the direction of flow 10 .

After a delivery stroke, material can be sucked in as shown in the 2 described, first the most downstream chamber 18d remains activated, while the pressing points S1, S2, S3 upstream of it are vented, preferably in this order, or negative pressure is applied via the pressure connections, and as a result the hose cross section opens there and material is sucked in up to the closed pressing point S4.

This is preferably only vented or subjected to negative pressure when or shortly before the first chamber 18a is already subjected to compression pressure for the next delivery stroke.

Reference List

1

peristaltic pump

1*

steering

2

elastic body, tube

2'

central longitudinal axis

2"

Cross sectional area

3

cross-section variator

4

Variator drive

5

Housing

5a

intake port

5b

exhaust port

6

interior of 5

7

Pressure connection, vacuum connection

8th

press body, press roller

8a

circumferential groove

8th'

axis of rotation

9

wall

10

flow direction

11

1. Transverse direction

12

2. Transverse direction

13

pinch valve

14a - d

Press pressure connection

14A, b

Press pressure connection

15

vacuum sensor

16

heating

17

temperature control

18

inner space

18a,b,c

chamber

19

pressure sensor

20

vacuum pump

21

Counterholder, counterholder plate, counterholder tube

22

heating

23

press pad

24

press sleeve

25

Fixation point, fixation circuit

26

press roller

27

rotary lever

28

rotary lever

29a - c

Connection opening, throttle point

100

discharge device

100*

steering

101

reservoir

101a

exhaust port

102

vacuum pump

103

connection line

104

consumers, dispensers

105

application nozzle

106

vacuum line

M

material

R

rotation direction

S

pinch point

U"

U shape level, hose level

Claims (17)

Hose pump (1) with - a body (2) open on both sides, called hose (2), which can be flowed through in the direction of flow (10), is at least partially elastic with respect to the peripheral wall, - a cross-section variator (3) on the hose (2), which is able to compress the hose in the transverse direction and reduce the internal free cross-sectional area (2") of the hose (2), - a variator drive (4) for controlled activation and deactivation of the cross-section variator (3), - a Controller (1*) for controlling the hose pump, in particular for activating the variator drive, characterized in that - a pressure-tight housing (5) around the hose (2) in the area of the hose pump (1), in particular around the entire hose pump (1st ), around, - with a pressure-tight inlet opening (5a) and pressure-tight outlet opening (5b) for the hose (2) and - with the interior (6) of the housing (5) connected pressure connection (7), in particular vacuum Ans conclusion (7). peristaltic pump claim 1 , characterized in that the controller (1*) is able to adjust the pressure in the housing (5) via the pressure connection (7) - either in accordance with the pressure present inside the hose (2), in particular the average pressure present there To control - or between the pressing operations in the housing (5) to cause a negative pressure, which is in particular lower than the pressure inside the hose (2). (Supporting or as an ancillary solution) Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the body (2) through which fluid can flow and which is at least partially elastic with regard to the peripheral wall (9), in particular the hose (2), is designed in such a way that after the compression has ended without external influence resumes its initial state, in particular - in that it can be subjected to a force in a first transverse direction (11) in order to reduce its cross-sectional area and in a second transverse direction (12) in order to assume its initial state. Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the body (2) through which fluid can flow and which is at least partially elastic with regard to the peripheral wall (9), in particular the hose (2), is designed in such a way that after the compression has ended by external, in particular mechanical, effect resumes its initial state, in particular - by at least partially consisting of a memory material. (pinch valve:) Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section variator (3) is designed as a pinch valve (13) in that it is able to reduce the inner cross-sectional area (2") of the hose (2) to zero .(Standing still cross-section variator:) Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional variator (3) is able to move the pinch point (S, S1) with a reduced cross-sectional area (2"), in particular reduced to zero, in the direction of flow (10) of the hose (2), in particular without moving to move in that direction. Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - several cross-section variators (3) are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction (10) on the hose (2), - which can be operated in particular with a phase offset, in particular can be operated independently of one another. (Rigid compact:) Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section variator (3) comprises at least one rigid, non-deformable pressed body (8), - which can be moved in particular in the flow direction (10) along the hose (2), in particular is controlled movable. (Elastic press body :) Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section variator (3) comprises a press body (8) which is at least partially elastic with regard to its wall (9) and which is at a preferably fixed position in the direction of flow (10) either on the outside of the hose (2) or the hose (2) itself is part of the elastic press body (8) and the elastic press body (8) has a press/pressure connection (14), - either only over part of the circumference of the hose (2 ) as a pressure pad (23) or over the entire circumference of the hose (2) as a pressure collar (24), - in particular the pressure motor that applies the pressure, which in particular drives a pneumatic pump, is controlled as a function of the measured pressure in the hose (2) downstream of the pumping area of the peristaltic pump (1). Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interior (18) of the pressure pad (23) or the pressure sleeve (24) comprises a plurality of chambers (18a, b, c, d) arranged one behind the other, in particular in the direction of flow (10), which - are either connected to one another via throttle points (29a - c) and in particular have only one common press-pressure connection (14) or two press-pressure connections (14A, B) at the ends in the longitudinal direction - or are not connected to one another, i.e. from one another are separate and each have separate press-pressure connections (14a, b, c, d). Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that of the chambers (18a, b, c, d) which are separate from one another, at least the first chamber (18a) in the flow direction (10) is able to cover the cross-sectional area (2") of the hose (2) decrease to zero. Hose pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a vacuum sensor (15) is present for measuring the negative pressure in the housing (5), and/or - a heater (16), in particular with temperature control (17), for heating the peristaltic pump, in particular the interior of the housing (6) and/or the hose (2) in the area of the peristaltic pump (1), and/or - a pressure sensor (19) for measuring the pressure in the material (M) is present, in particular a pressure sensor (19) is present upstream and/or downstream of the pumping length region of the hose (2), in particular the cross-sectional area of which can be changed. Dispensing device (100) for dispensing a viscous or liquid material (M) with - a storage container (101) for the material (M), which is subjected to negative pressure in the air space above the material by means of a vacuum pump (102), - wherein the storage container (101) is equipped with an outlet opening (101a) for material (M) in its lower region, - at least one peristaltic pump (1), which is fluidically connected to the outlet opening (101a), - a controller (100*) that controls the application device (100) and preferably also includes the controller (1*) of the hose pump (1), characterized in that - the hose pump (1) is designed according to one of the preceding claims, - the interior (6) of the housing (5) the peristaltic pump (1) can be subjected to the same negative pressure as the air space in the reservoir (101). Application device after Claim 13 , characterized in that a check valve, in particular a pinch valve (13), for closing the cross section of the hose (2) between the storage container (101) and the cross-section variator (3) is arranged. Application device after Claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that several parallel hose pumps (1) are present, and the controller (100 *) is able to Peristaltic pumps (1) phase-shifted, with two peristaltic pumps (1) counter-synchronously to drive. Method for operating a peristaltic pump (1), in particular as part of a dispensing device (100) according to one of Claims 10 until 12 , characterized in that the same or a lower negative pressure is maintained in the interior (6) of the housing (5) as in the air space of the reservoir (101). procedure after Claim 16 , characterized in that - in the direction of flow (10) there are several cross-section variators (3) which are operated in offset phases, - in particular the cross-section variators (3) are activated one after the other in the direction of flow (10).

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