DE102020113752A1 - Sequential extrusion and coating arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an extrusion arrangement, an extrusion method and an extrusion product. An extrusion arrangement comprises at least a first material feed device and a slide with a longitudinal opening. The longitudinal opening has at least a small and a medium cross-section and the slide is intended to be inserted into a slide opening of the material feed device and to be slidably mounted there. The material feed device has at least one first connection channel connected to the slide opening. In the area of the central cross section, the slide has a first slide connection which can be connected to the connection channel. A second material feed device is also included. This has a slide opening which is intended to receive the slide. The second material feed device has a second connection channel connected to the slide opening.

Description

The present application relates to a sequential extrusion and coating arrangement or an extrusion arrangement, as well as an extrusion process for the production of layered materials and an extrusion product.

Since a lot of manual work has hitherto been necessary in the manufacture of products and / or semi-finished products made of plastic with a sequence of different materials in the same layer, there is a need for a simplification of the manufacture. In the manufacture of a catheter, for example, in which different materials follow one another in the same layer, work is currently carried out by hand assembly by means of tubes that are threaded one after the other, e.g. on a core, and then shrunk and welded.

This therefore leads to the task of providing a simplified production of products which have at least two successive different materials in at least one layer. This object is achieved by the attached independent claims.

According to one aspect of the present application, an extrusion arrangement comprises at least a first material feed device and a slide with a longitudinal opening, the longitudinal opening having at least a small and a medium cross section. The slide is intended to be inserted into a slide opening of the first material feed device and to be slidably mounted there. The first material feed device has at least one first connection channel connected to the slide opening, the slide having a first slide connection in the area of the central cross section which can be connected to the first connection channel. The cross-sections of the slide can be shaped as desired and also different from one another. This can have the advantage that at least one material can be applied to material or a semi-finished product (core) which is introduced into the small cross section of the slide by means of the first material feed device and the central cross section. In the context of this application, semifinished product is understood to mean any material that can be fed to the extrusion arrangement. This can be at least one of e.g. wire, cord, tube, hose, fabric, fiber bundle, filament. The core can be hollow or solid. The cross-sections of the longitudinal opening can have any shape in relation to a cross-section of the longitudinal opening, e.g. circular, elliptical, etc. The cross-sections can also have different shapes, e.g. the small cross-section can be circular and the middle cross-section elliptical and the large cross-section star-shaped be. Furthermore, the longitudinal axes of the cross-sections can coincide with one another or be axially offset from one another. The cross-sections are cavities within the slide.

Furthermore, the extrusion arrangement comprises a second material feed device. This has a slide opening which is provided to receive the slide. Furthermore, the second material feed device has a second connection channel connected to the slide opening. This can have the advantage that at least one second material can be applied to the core with the extrusion arrangement via the second material feed device. This enables a sequential coating or extrusion of at least two different materials in the same layer (sequence layer). The slide can be moved manually or by a drive. This drive can take place electrically, pneumatically, hydraulically, via at least one spindle or a toggle lever or a combination thereof. Likewise, the slide can not only be moved linearly, but also with an additional rotary movement. At least one material feed device can have a guide which fits together with a corresponding counter structure on the slide.

According to a further aspect of the present application, an extrusion arrangement further comprises a third material feed device with a third connection channel. The longitudinal opening of the slide has a large cross-section. The third connection channel can be connected to the large cross section by means of a second slide connection. This can have the advantage that at least one third material can be applied to the core with the extrusion arrangement via the third material feed device.

Each further material feed unit can either introduce at least one further material into a layer or be connected to a further cross section and thus apply a further layer of at least one material to the product.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the slide connections is arranged at least partially circumferentially around the longitudinal opening. this can have the advantage that a material introduced there can be better distributed in the respective cross section.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the connection channels is arranged at least partially circumferentially around the slide opening of the respective material feed device. This can have the advantage that a material introduced into at least one of the connection channels can be better distributed in the respectively assigned cross section.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of: a cooling device, a heater and an insulation is arranged between at least two adjoining material feed devices. This can have the advantage that the material feed devices can be kept at different temperatures and / or thermally separated from one another.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the material feed devices comprises a bypass connected to the respective connection channel. This can have the advantage that material can be conveyed out of the material feed device by means of the bypass and thus it can be prevented that material in the material feed device is degraded or deteriorates in quality.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide is provided to open the respective bypass. This can have the advantage that the quality of the products can be increased, since the opening of the bypass prevents a qualitative deterioration or qualitative degradation of the material in the material feed device through outflow via the bypass.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the material feed devices has a needle shut-off nozzle in the respective connection channel and upstream in front of the slide opening. This can have the advantage that material that is introduced via the material feed device can be better controlled and that the material can be prevented from running on through the needle shut-off nozzle. This can prevent material from being carried over. The directional term “upstream” is to be understood in relation to the flow of material that reaches the slide via the material feed device under production conditions.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide is provided to actuate the needle shut-off nozzle. This can have the advantage that the outlay on control and / or actuation in relation to the needle shut-off nozzle can be reduced.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide has at least one flushing channel, which is optionally also provided to be brought into connection with the bypass. The flushing channel can be designed as a cavity in the slide or as a groove on the slide's surface. This can have the advantage that the material remaining in the slide cannot qualitatively degrade because it is conveyed out of the slide via the bypass. This increases the quality of the products produced with the extrusion arrangement.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide has at least one additional channel which is connected to at least one of the cross sections of the slide. This can have the advantage that a further material can be introduced into the relevant cross section and thus this layer (section) or sequence of the product manufactured with the extrusion arrangement can consist of several materials.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide has at least one additional longitudinal opening which runs parallel to the longitudinal opening and is connected to one of the cross-sections. This can have the advantage that, for example, another semi-finished product can be introduced into a cross-section and there, for example, can be used to reinforce the layer there.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the slide connections can be connected to the respective connection channel at several points. This can have the advantage that material introduced via the connection channel is better distributed.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the connection channels comprises at least one of a spiral distributor, a deer antler distributor and a quill tool or similar known melt distribution systems or combinations thereof. This can have the advantage that the material introduced there can be better distributed in the respective cavity of the associated cross section and the respective cross section (cavity) should be evenly charged with material. Products made from material introduced in this way, for example, show only slight fluctuations in thickness in the respective layer.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the slide connections is on several Places associated with the respective cross-section. This can have the advantage that the incorporated material can be better distributed in the cross section.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, a transition from one cross section to another cross section can comprise at least one of a rounding, an undercut, a step and a bevel. This can have the advantage that a material distribution in the relevant cross-section can be optimized e.g. in coordination with a certain material and / or feature to be achieved in the layer.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide has heating and / or cooling. This can have the advantage that the temperature of at least a partial area of the slide can be better adjusted to the processed material or materials and thus the quality of the product manufactured with the extrusion arrangement is increased.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the slide connections is arranged at at least one point in the region of a transition from one cross section to another cross section. This can have the advantage that the transition can be used for better distribution of the material in the relevant cross section.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the slide connections is connected to the respective cross section with respect to the longitudinal opening under at least one of a curve, a vertical line, a bevel. This means that the said slide connection is connected to the respective cross section using at least one rounded, vertical or inclined line with respect to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal opening. This can have the advantage that material can be introduced into the respective cross section in such a way that the quality of the product produced is increased.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the small cross section of the longitudinal opening is connected to an initial material feed device. This can have the advantage that a core material or semi-finished product, which is then at least partially enveloped in the further cross-sections, can be produced in the extrusion arrangement. Furthermore, the initial material feed device can be connected to the longitudinal opening so that semifinished products such as fabric or wire are introduced and processed in the initial material feed device with the initial material introduced into the extrusion arrangement and form a first layer or core. The initial material feed device can be movably connected to the slide so that it can follow the sliding movements of the slide.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, in the case of a transition from a smaller to a larger cross section, a larger cross section is arranged in the region of the transition than the following cross section. This means that the cross section expands from the smaller cross section and then reduces again to the subsequent cross section. This can have the advantage that a material can be better distributed before it is compacted to the actual cross-section.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the connection channels is arranged at the edge of the respective material feed device and is sealed off by the adjoining material feed device or cooling device or heating or insulation. In this way, the connection channel in the respective material feed device can be designed, so to speak, semi-open, and a seal is made by one of the abovementioned adjacent devices. This can have the advantage that such a connection channel can be manufactured more cost-effectively.

In an extrusion arrangement according to a further aspect of the present application, the slide has at least one heating / cooling element and optionally a device for temperature measurement, e.g. a thermocouple. The heating / cooling element can cool and / or heat. This can have the advantage that parts of the slide that are not located in one of the material feed devices can, for example, be heated. Furthermore, areas of the slide can be brought to a lower temperature than their ambient temperature by cooling.

• - Einführen eines ersten Halbzeugs in einen kleinen Querschnitt einer Längsöffnung eines Schiebers;
• - Positionieren des Schiebers in einer ersten Position, sodass ein erster Anschlusskanal einer ersten Materialzuführeinrichtungen mit einem mittleren Querschnitt des Schiebers in Verbindung steht;
• - Abziehen des Halbzeuges durch die Längsöffnung mit einer Abzugsgeschwindigkeit in einer Abzugsrichtung;
• - Zuführen von einem ersten Material, via dem ersten Anschlusskanal der ersten Materialzuführeinrichtung und einem ersten Schieberanschluss hin zum mittleren Querschnitt des Schiebers;
• - Erste Verschiebung des Schiebers in der Abzugsrichtung und mit der Abzugsgeschwindigkeit;
• - Positionieren des Schiebers in einer zweiten Position, sodass ein zweiter Anschlusskanal einer zweiten Materialzuführeinrichtungen mit dem mittleren Querschnitt des Schiebers in Verbindung steht;
• - Zuführen von einem zweiten Material, via dem zweiten Anschlusskanal der zweiten Materialzuführeinrichtung und dem ersten Schieberanschluss, hin zum mittleren Querschnitt des Schiebers. Dieses Verfahren kann den Vorteil haben, dass das Halbzeug (Kern) zumindest teilweise mit einem ersten Material beschichtet werden kann und in der gleichen Stärke (Dicke) auf das zweite Material gewechselt werden kann, ohne den Abzug zu stoppen und eine nahtlosen, jedoch scharfen Übergang zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Material zu erhalten. Ein solcher Materialwechsel bzw. -abschnitt im selben Querschnitt kann auch als Sequenz bezeichnet werden.

An extrusion process according to another aspect of the present application comprises the steps:

• - Insertion of a first semi-finished product into a small cross section of a longitudinal opening of a slide;
• - Positioning the slide in a first position so that a first connection channel of a first material feed device is connected to a central cross section of the slide;
• - Pulling off the semi-finished product through the longitudinal opening at a pull-off speed in a pull-off direction;
• - Feeding a first material via the first connection channel of the first material feed device and a first slide connection towards the central cross section of the slide;
• - First displacement of the slide in the withdrawal direction and with the withdrawal speed;
• - Positioning the slide in a second position so that a second connection channel of a second material feed device is connected to the central cross section of the slide;
• - Feeding a second material, via the second connection channel of the second material feed device and the first slide connection, towards the middle cross section of the slide. This method can have the advantage that the semifinished product (core) can be at least partially coated with a first material and can be changed to the second material in the same thickness (thickness) without stopping the trigger and a seamless, but sharp transition between the first and second material. Such a material change or section in the same cross section can also be referred to as a sequence.

The withdrawal direction is essentially parallel to a longitudinal opening and away from a supply or production of the semi-finished product (core) in the slide. The take-off speed is variable and can be adapted, for example, depending on the processed materials, the stability of the semi-finished product, the desired surface quality, etc.

• - Zweite Verschiebung des Schiebers in der Abzugsrichtung und mit der Abzugsgeschwindigkeit;
• - Positionieren des Schiebers in einer dritten Position, sodass ein dritter Anschlusskanal einer dritten Materialzuführeinrichtungen in Verbindung einem zweiten Schieberanschluss des Schiebers mit einem großen Querschnitt des Schiebers steht.
• - Zuführen von einem dritten Material, via dem Anschlusskanal der dritten Materialzuführeinrichtung und dem zweiten Schieberanschluss, zum großen Querschnitt des Schiebers. Dieses Verfahren kann den Vorteil haben, dass eine zweite Schicht auf das zugeführte oder in der Vorrichtung zumindest teilweise erzeugte Halbzeug (Kern) aufgebracht werden kann.

An extrusion method according to a further aspect of the present application further comprises the following steps after the step of feeding the second material:

• - Second shift of the slide in the withdrawal direction and with the withdrawal speed;
• - Positioning the slide in a third position so that a third connection channel of a third material feed device is connected to a second slide connection of the slide with a large cross section of the slide.
• - Feeding a third material, via the connection channel of the third material feed device and the second slide connection, to the large cross section of the slide. This method can have the advantage that a second layer can be applied to the semi-finished product (core) that is supplied or at least partially produced in the device.

It is apparent to the person skilled in the art that the above steps can be repeated mutatis mutandis for further materials and / or material feed device (s). For the sake of brevity, only the method for three material feeders has been described above.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, the first semifinished product is at least partially produced before being introduced into the small cross section or in the small cross section. The extrusion arrangement can, for example, be preceded by a further extrusion arrangement which produces the semifinished product (core) which is then fed to the small cross section. Components of the core can also be fed to the extrusion arrangement and these can be coated with at least one initial material in the extrusion arrangement. Said coating can take place even in a small cross-section. This can have the advantage that a multilayer product can be produced from different materials with different materials in at least one sequential layer.

In an extrusion method according to a further aspect of the present application, the step of the first displacement further comprises stopping the supply of the first material. This can have the advantage that a device which conveys the first material into the material feed device does not have to convey against a resistance and the device and the material are thereby protected.

In an extrusion method according to a further aspect of the present application, the step of the first displacement further comprises throttling the supply of the first material and draining the material therefrom via a bypass of the material supply device. This can have the advantage that the quality of the material does not deteriorate when it is not being introduced into the product.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, the displacement of the slide into the respective following position opens the bypass of the material feed device of the previous position. This means that if the slide moves at withdrawal speed in order to start a new sequence, the bypass is opened in the previous sequence or the previous material feed device and the material can exit. It does not build up and thus builds up qualitatively not from. This can have the advantage that if this sequence or material feed device is used again later for the product, fresh material, so to speak, is used for production because of the material leakage via the bypass.

In an extrusion method according to a further aspect of the present application, in at least one of the steps of supplying material, at least one further material is introduced into the respective cross section via an additional channel of the slide. This can have the advantage that several materials can be processed in one sequence. Thus, e.g. strips of different colors and / or materials can be created in the respective sequence.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, in at least one of the steps of supplying material, at least one further semifinished product is introduced into the respective cross section parallel to the first semifinished product. This can have the advantage that a product can be obtained which, for example, has reinforcement inserts in different layers of different materials.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, at least one of the shifts takes place faster or slower than the withdrawal speed. This can have the advantage that a transition area from one sequence to the next or from one material to the next can be influenced or marked, e.g. by mixing material (slower than the take-off speed) or e.g. a constriction (faster than the take-off speed).

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, after a final step of positioning, the slide is moved back against the withdrawal direction at a higher speed than the withdrawal speed. This can have the advantage that an extrusion arrangement can be brought into an initial state for a new product, with rejects that arise when moving back being minimized.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the present application, the supply of material is throttled or stopped during the retraction. This can have the advantage that product rejects and material waste can be reduced.

In an extrusion process according to a further aspect of the application, the slide opens a needle shut-off nozzle in at least one of the material feed devices. This can have the advantage that when the slide is moved or positioned, material continues to flow and material is prevented from being carried over into the subsequent sequence of material.

An extrusion product according to another aspect of the present application has a sequential layer which comprises at least two materials which are successively extruded. This can have the advantage that the extrusion product can be manufactured inexpensively and with high quality.

An extrusion product according to a further aspect of the present application further comprises a core layer to which the sequence layer is applied by extrusion. This can have the advantage that a complex product can be manufactured inexpensively and with high quality.

In the case of an extrusion product according to a further aspect of the present application, a reinforcing material is introduced into at least one layer. This can have the advantage that additional stability can be brought into a complex product and this can also be manufactured inexpensively and with high quality.

An extrusion product according to a further aspect is produced according to one of the above-mentioned aspects of an extrusion process. This can have the advantage that a complex product with at least one sequence layer can be manufactured inexpensively.

• 1a und 1b ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Extrusionsanordnung in einer perspektivischen Schnittansicht.
• 2das Ausführungsbeispiel der 1, wobei ein Detail A eines Überganges hervorgehoben ist.
• 3a- 3f das Detail A der 2, wobei verschiedene Alternativen des Überganges dargestellt werden.
• 4 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in Schnittansicht.
• 5 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in perspektivischen Schnittansicht.
• 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in Schnittansicht.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

• 1a and 1b an embodiment of an extrusion arrangement in a perspective sectional view.
• 2that Embodiment of the 1 , whereby a detail A of a transition is highlighted.
• 3a - 3f the detail A of the 2 , whereby various alternatives of the transition are presented.
• 4th a further embodiment in sectional view.
• 5 a further embodiment in a perspective sectional view.
• 6th a further embodiment in sectional view.

At the outset, it should be noted that in the differently described exemplary embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols or the same component names, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be transferred accordingly to (functionally) identical parts with the same reference symbols or the same component names. Also, the position details chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, left, right, etc., refer to the figure immediately described and shown or to an extrusion arrangement on a horizontal plane and these position details in the event of a change in position are analogous to the transfer new location. The process steps are woven into the device description.

Reference is initially made to 1a which is a perspective sectional view of one embodiment of an extrusion assembly 10 is. The extrusion assembly 10 comprises a first material feed device 20th , a second material feed device 21 and a slider 30th . The slider 30th is in each one slide opening 23 in each of the material feeders 20th and 21 movably mounted. A seal between the material feeders 20th , 21 and the slider 30th takes place via seals 40 . In the illustrated embodiment, there are two seals 40 intended for the area of a material feed device. The seals 40 can include at least one of O-rings, washers or profiles and can also be made of at least one of the following materials: rubber, Viton, Teflon, other sealing plastics, (non-ferrous) metals, graphite, fabric or any combination thereof.

The slider 30th comprises a longitudinal opening 31 with a longitudinal axis LA , having a small cross section 32 and a medium cross-section 33 . The slide also includes 30th a first slide connection 35 , which circumferentially at several points a fluidic connection between the central cross-section 33 and the outer circumference of the slider 30th manufactures. The first gate valve connection 35 runs diagonally in a withdrawal direction as shown R. inward to the longitudinal axis LA there. One over the first spool connection 35 material introduced is thus in the withdrawal direction R. in the middle cross-section 33 brought in. The transition from the small cross-section 32 on the middle cross-section 33 is in the illustrated embodiment a single right-angled step, the first slide connection 35 flows into this transition. The cross sections 32 and 33 , as well as the slide openings 23 are circular and concentric with the longitudinal axis in the illustrated embodiment LA .

The first material feeder 20th comprises a first connection channel 24 , this in the area of the slide opening 23 circumferentially runs around this. The second material feeder 21 comprises a second connection channel 25th , this in the area of the slide opening 23 circumferentially runs around this.

In the 1a is the slider 30th located in a first position in which the first slide connection 35 in connection with the first connection channel 24 is. One via the first connection channel 24 fed material M1 reaches via the first connection channel 24 in the first slide connection 35 and from there into the middle cross-section 33 . There is the first material M1 on the semi-finished product 110 applied, which from the left in 1a in the small cross section 32 the longitudinal opening 31 of the slide 30th is introduced. The semifinished product is removed from the extrusion arrangement by a device (not shown) 10 to the right and thus in the withdrawal direction shown R. with a withdrawal speed S. deducted.

In 1b is the embodiment of 1a shown, the slide 30th has been moved to a second position. The first slide connection is in this second position 35 in connection with the second connection channel 25th the second material feed device 21 . One via the second connection channel 25th fed material M2 reaches via the second connection channel 25th in the first slide connection 35 and from there into the middle cross-section 33 . There is the first material M2 on the semi-finished product 110 applied like in 1b shown directly after the material M1 and with the same thickness.

This is achieved by the fact that when changing from the first position to the second position, the slide 30th with the take-off speed S. and in the withdrawal direction R. is moved. In other words, the slide moves 30th simultaneously with the withdrawn product. When the slide 30th and the withdrawn material reaches the second position in which the first slide port 35 in connection with the second connection channel 25th reaches the end of the first material M1 the second material M2 can be attached. In the illustrated embodiment, a supply of the material M1 stopped when the pusher starts to leave the first position and the feed of the second material M2 before the time started before the slider 30th arrives in the second position.

In 2 becomes the extrusion assembly 10 the 1a and 1b with the highlighted detail A of the transition from the small cross-section 32 on the middle cross-section 33 shown. This transition is in 3a like in the 1a and 1 b than about the longitudinal axis LA the longitudinal opening 31 symmetrical stage shown. In 3b the transition from the small 32 to the medium cross-section runs 33 as a slope. In 3c said transition runs in the form of an arch, with the small cross-section 32 first a right-angled kink and this is followed by the arch, which extends into the width of the middle cross-section 33 flows out. Of course, the arch can also be arranged at the right-angled bend and vice versa (see 3f) . There can also be two arches and no kink. In 3d said transition runs in the form of a staircase or several right-angled steps. In 3e said transition is sharp-edged and recessed. Of course, the sharp kinks of the transition in 3e are shown rounded and the slope between the kinks can be curved. The transitions described above are possible for all transitions between cross-sections within the scope of this application. At, in front of or in these transitions the first 35 or second slide connection 36 merge. The slide connections can have different shapes or courses from one another. In 1a and 1b the slide connection runs at an angle and in the withdrawal direction. The course of the slide connection could also be perpendicular according to the step of the transition from the small 32 to the medium cross-section 33 be, or in an arc or a combination of the above and this optionally in or against the withdrawal direction R. .

4th discloses another embodiment of an extrusion assembly 10 . In contrast to the previously described extrusion arrangements, the extrusion arrangement comprises 10 the 4th a slider 30th having an additional longitudinal opening 39 which parallel but offset to the longitudinal opening 31 runs and in the middle cross-section 33 of the slide 30th flows out. Via the additional longitudinal opening 39 can be another semi-finished product for e.g. the reinforcement of the middle cross-section 33 formed layer are introduced. Furthermore, the second material feed device comprises 21 an additional channel 38 about which a fourth material M4 in the middle cross-section 33 via an additional slide connection 38a of the slide 30th is introduced. The sequence of the layer of the central cross section generated by means of the second material feed device thus exists here 33 made of material M2 and M4 .

Furthermore, the extrusion arrangement shown comprises 10 a third material feed device 22nd having a third connection channel 26th about which a third material M3 onto the sequence layer comprising the material M1 and the combination of materials M2 and M4 is applied. The third material feeder 22nd is shown separately from the slide in this exemplary embodiment and, as described, brings another layer of material ( M3 ) onto the sequence layer ( M2 + M4). The third material feeder 22nd could also be connected to a large cross-section of the slide and apply said further layer directly in the slide (see 6th ). In 4th became the slider 30th already from a first position in which the material M1 as the first sequence on the core or the semi-finished product 110 has been applied, move to a second position. In this second position, as mentioned above, the combination of materials is now used as the second sequence M2 and M4 upset. The sequence layer made up of the materials M1 , M2 and M4 is then made up of the layer of material M3 enclosed.

Furthermore, the extrusion arrangement shown comprises 10 between the first 20 and second material feeders 21 a cooling device 27a or a heater 27b on. The second material feed device also has 21 an isolation 27c on. Cooling (s) 27a, heating (s) 27b and insulation (s) 27c can be arranged as desired among each other and between or on the material feed devices, just as the individual case requires. The rest in 4th Reference numerals shown correspond to those previously described.

5 discloses another embodiment of an extrusion assembly 10 . In contrast to the previously disclosed exemplary embodiments, here the slide comprises 30th a flushing channel 37 , which is the first connection channel 24 over the slider 30th connects with the environment. Furthermore, the first material feed device comprises 20th a bypass 28 , which is also connected to the first connection channel 24 and thus also the flushing channel 37 connected is. The irrigation channel 37 as well as the bypass 28 are optional and can be arranged as required. The slide also includes 30th two thermocouples 41 . The thermocouples 41 can either cool and / or heat. They can also be placed anywhere in the slide 30th are arranged and the arrangement shown is purely exemplary. The rest in 5 Reference numerals shown correspond to those previously described.

6th discloses another embodiment of an extrusion assembly 10 . In contrast to the previously described extrusion arrangements, the extrusion arrangement comprises 10 the 6th an initial material feeder 20a those with the longitudinal opening 31 is connected and there the supplied semi-finished product 110 coated or supplemented. The feeding of the semi-finished product 110 is optional. Furthermore, the extrusion arrangement shown comprises 10 a slider 30th with a small 32, medium 33 and large cross-section 34 . The first 20 and second material feeders 21 are as described above with the middle cross-section 33 connected and a third material feed device 22nd with a third connection channel 26th is with the large cross-section 33 tied together. Furthermore, the extrusion arrangement shown comprises 10 another material feed device 22a with another connection channel 26a , which is also with the large cross-section 33 connected is. By means of the extrusion arrangement shown 10 it is possible both in the middle cross-section 33 as well as in a large cross-section 34 create a sequence layer.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not restricted to the specifically illustrated design variants of the same, but rather various combinations of the individual features of the exemplary embodiments with one another are possible and this possibility of variation due to the teaching on technical action through objective Invention is within the skill of those skilled in the art. For the sake of brevity, the exemplary embodiments have been presented with combinations of features that do not necessarily have to be implemented in this way. Various extrusion products have been described above with the description of the arrangement and method as well.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings are to be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description are to be understood in such a way that they include any and all sub-areas, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood as meaning that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are included, ie all sub-areas begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, for example 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

For the sake of clarity, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure, some elements have been shown not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced.

List of reference symbols

10

Extrusion arrangement

20th

first material feed device

20a

Initial material feed device

21

second material feed device

22nd

third material feed device

22a

further material feed device

23

Slide opening

24

first connection channel

25th

second connection channel

26th

third connection channel

26a

further connection channel

27a

Cooling device

27b

heater

27c

insulation

28

bypass

29

Valve gate nozzle

30th

Slider

31

Longitudinal opening

32

small cross-section

33

medium cross-section

34

large cross-section

35

first slide connection

36

second slide connection

37

Irrigation channel

38

Additional channel

38a

Additional slide connection

39

Additional longitudinal opening

40

poetry

41

Heating / cooling element

110

first semi-finished product

100

Extrusion process

S.

Take-off speed

R.

Withdrawal direction

M1

first material

M2

second material

M3

third material

M4

fourth material

LA

Longitudinal axis

Claims (39)

Extrusion arrangement (10), comprising at least a first material feed device (20) and a slide (30) with a longitudinal opening (31), the longitudinal opening having at least a small (32) and a medium cross section (33) and the slide being provided in a Slide opening (23) of the material feed device (20) to be inserted and displaceably mounted there, the material feed device (20) having at least one first connection channel (24) connected to the slide opening (23) and the slide (30) in the area of the central cross section (33) has a first slide connection (35) which can be connected to the connection channel (24), and further comprising a second material feed device (21), having a slide opening (23) provided for receiving the slide (30), having one with the second connection channel (25) connected to the slide opening (23). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to Claim 1 , further comprising a third material feed device (22) with a third connection channel (26), a large cross-section (33) in the longitudinal opening (31) of the slide (30), the third connection channel (26) by means of a second slide connection (36) with the large cross-section (33) can be connected. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein at least one of the slide connections (35, 36) is arranged at least partially circumferentially around the longitudinal opening (31). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connection channel (24, 25, 26) is arranged at least partially circumferentially around the slide opening (23). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, at least one of a cooling device (27a), a heater (27b) and an insulation (27c) being arranged between at least two adjoining material feed devices (20, 21, 22). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the material feed device (20, 21, 22) comprises a bypass (28) connected to at least one of the connection channels (24, 25, 26). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to Claim 6 , wherein the slide (30) is provided to open the respective bypass (28). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the material feed devices (20, 21, 22) in the connection channel (24, 25, 26) and upstream in front of the slide opening (23) has a needle valve nozzle (29). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to Claim 8 , the slide (30) being provided to actuate the needle shut-off nozzle (29). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the Claims 6 until 9 , wherein the slide (30) has at least one flushing channel (37) which is provided to be brought into connection with the bypass (28). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slide (30) has at least one additional channel (38) which is connected to at least one of the cross sections (32, 33, 34) of the slide. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slide (30) has at least one additional longitudinal opening (39) which runs parallel to the longitudinal opening (31) and is connected to one of the cross-sections (32, 33, 34). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one slide connection (35, 36) is provided to be connected to at least one of the connection channels (24, 25, 26) at several points. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to Claim 13 , wherein at least one of the connection channels (24, 25, 26) comprises at least one of a spiral distributor, a deer antler distributor and a quill tool. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the slide connections (35, 36) is connected to the respective cross section (33, 34) at several points. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a transition from one cross section to another cross section (31, 32, 33) can comprise at least one of a rounding, an undercut, a step and a bevel. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the slide connections (35, 36) is connected to the respective cross section (33, 34) at several points. Extrusion assembly (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one the slide connections (35, 36) is arranged at at least one point in the region of a transition from one cross-section to another cross-section (31, 32, 33). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the slide connections (35, 36) with respect to the longitudinal opening (31) under at least one of a curvature, perpendicular, a slope with the respective cross-section (31, 32, 33) connected is. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the small cross section (32) of the longitudinal opening (31) is connected to an initial material feed device (20a). Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the case of a transition from a smaller to a larger cross section (32, 33, 34) a larger cross section is arranged in the region of the transition than the following cross section. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the connection channels (24, 25, 26) is arranged at the edge of the respective material feed device (20a, 20, 21, 22) and is passed through the adjoining material feed device (20a, 20, 21, 22) or cooling device (27a) or heating (27b) or insulation (27c) is sealed. Extrusion arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slide (30) comprises at least one heating / cooling element (41). An extrusion process (100) comprising the steps of: - Introducing a first semi-finished product (110) into a small cross section (32) of a longitudinal opening (31) of a slide (30); - Positioning the slide (30) in a first position so that a first connection channel (24) of a first material feed device (20) is connected to a central cross section (33) of the slide (30); - Withdrawal of the first semi-finished product (110) through the longitudinal opening (31) at a withdrawal speed (S) in a withdrawal direction (R); - Feeding a first material (M1), via the connection channel (24) of the first material feed device (20) and a first slide connection (35), towards the central cross section (33) of the slide (30); - First displacement of the slide (30) in the withdrawal direction (R) and with the withdrawal speed (S); - Positioning the slide (30) in a second position so that a second connection channel (25) of a second material feed device (21) is connected to the central cross section (33) of the slide (30); - Feeding a second material (M2), via the second connection channel (25) of the second material feed device (21) and the first slide connection (35), towards the central cross section (32) of the slide (30). Extrusion process (100) Claim 24 , further comprising, after the step of feeding the second material (M2), the following steps: second displacement of the slide (30) in the withdrawal direction (R) and at the withdrawal speed (S); - Positioning the slide (30) in a third position so that a third connection channel (26) of a third material feed device (22) in connection with a second slide connection (36) of the slide (30) with a large cross section (34) of the slide (30) ) stands. - Feeding a third material (M3), via the connection channel (24a) of the third material feed device (22) and the second slide connection (36), towards the large cross section (33) of the slide (30). Extrusion process (100) Claim 24 or 25th , wherein the first semi-finished product (110) is produced at least partially before being introduced into the small cross section (31) or in the small cross section (31). Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 26th wherein the step of first shifting further comprises stopping the supply of the first material (M1). Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 27 wherein the step of the first displacement further comprises throttling the supply of the first material (M1) and draining the material via a bypass (28) of at least one of the material supply devices (20, 21, 22) therefrom. Extrusion process (100) Claim 28 , wherein the displacement of the slide (30) in the respective following position opens the bypass (28) of the material feed device (20, 21, 22) of the previous position. Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 29 , wherein in at least one of the steps of supplying material, at least one further material is introduced into the respective cross section (31, 32, 33) via an additional channel (35) of the slide (30). Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 30th , wherein in at least one of the steps of supplying material, at least one second semi-finished product (120) is introduced parallel to the first semi-finished product (110) into one of the cross-sections (31, 32, 33). Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 31 , whereby at least one of the shifts takes place faster or slower than the withdrawal speed (S). Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 32 , wherein, after a last step of positioning, the slide (30) is moved back against the withdrawal direction (R) at a higher speed than the withdrawal speed (S). Extrusion process (100) Claim 33 , the supply of material (M1, M2) being throttled or stopped during the retraction. Extrusion process (100) according to one of the Claims 24 until 34 wherein the slide (30) opens a needle valve nozzle (29) in at least one of the material feed devices (20, 21, 22). An extrusion product comprising a sequence layer which comprises at least two materials which are extruded successively. Extrusion product after Claim 36 , further comprising a core layer to which the sequence layer is applied by extrusion. Extrusion product after Claim 36 or 37 , wherein at least one layer of a reinforcing material is introduced. Extrusion product according to one of the Claims 36 until 38 , produced by an extrusion process of Claims 24 until 35 .

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