DE102020107442A1 - Device for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap (2), in particular a tailgate of a vehicle, which moves between a closed position and a maximum open position against a component (3), in particular a body of the vehicle, is pivotable about an axis of rotation (D), the device (1) having a drive element (4) for exerting an opening torque about the axis of rotation (D) on the flap (2). A device (1) is intended to support an opening and / or closing movement of a flap (2) can be provided, which in a structurally simple manner enables safe, reliable, comfortable and efficient operation of the flap (2) even with small opening angles (α) of the flap (2). 1) a counter-drive element (10) which, depending on an opening angle (α) of the flap (2), generates a counter-torque about the axis of rotation (D) in the closing direction of rotation of the flap (2) he flap (2) exercises.]

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a device for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap, in particular a tailgate of a vehicle, the flap being pivotable about an axis of rotation over an opening angle range between a closed position and a maximum open position against a component, in particular a body of the vehicle is, and wherein the device has a drive element for exerting a torque about the axis of rotation in the opening direction of rotation on the flap.

State of the art

Such devices are known from the prior art. The disclosure document DE 10 2012 221 645 A1 discloses, for example, a spring system for a pivotable flap that can be locked in a closed position, in particular of a motor vehicle. A spring system is specified, the purpose of which is to assist or open the flap.

In such an embodiment of the prior art, the only limited space available for a drive articulation point of the drive on the flap is a disadvantage. In order to achieve an efficient design of the kinematics of the drive element, the effective lever arm of the drive element for exerting a torque in the opening direction of rotation on the flap must be smaller near the closed position of the flap than near the maximum open position. This means that the drive articulation point has to be arranged far away from the axis of rotation of the flap. However, if this is not possible, for example due to the limited space available, the torque that the drive element brings in in the area of small opening angles near the closed position of the flap is higher than near the maximum open position.

The drive element must be designed in such a way that it exerts sufficient torque on the flap in a maximum open position of the flap in order to keep it open. As a result, the drive element has a high pretension near the closed position of the flap. If this bias cannot be compensated, the flap opens automatically and is not held in an intermediate position between the closed position and the maximum open position. This is undesirable because moving the flap on its own can lead to damage or injury.

Furthermore, a large force is necessary to close the flap from a position close to the closed position, as a result of which undesirably high motor currents occur in a motor of the drive element, or an operator of the flap has to apply a lot of manual force. This is inconvenient and undesirable when operating the flap.

Technical task

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a safe, efficient and reliable device for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap which, in a structurally simple manner, enables comfortable operation of the flap even with small opening angles of the flap.

Technical solution

The subject matter of the present invention provides, according to claim 1, a device which achieves the object of the invention. Advantageous refinements result from the dependent claims.

Description of the types of execution

A device according to the invention is designed to support an opening and / or closing movement of a flap, in particular a tailgate, a bonnet or a luggage compartment flap, a vehicle, for example a passenger car, a truck or a bus, or an aircraft.

The flap can be pivoted about an axis of rotation over an opening angle range between a closed position and a maximum open position relative to a component, in particular a body of the vehicle. The axis of rotation is preferably essentially parallel to a surface on which the vehicle is standing. In the context of this description, the term “pivotable” encompasses both a pure rotation of the flap about the axis of rotation and a combination of such a rotation with a translation of the flap.

The device comprises a drive element for exerting a torque about the axis of rotation in the opening direction of rotation on the flap. An opening movement of the flap from the closed position to the maximum open position preferably runs counter to gravity, at least in sections, so that a torque about the axis of rotation in the opening direction of rotation on the flap counteracts the force of gravity. In this way, for example, an operator of the flap or a motor is supported in the opening movement against the force of gravity.

The drive element can in particular be configured like that in FIG DE 10 2012 221 645 A1 spring systems, the corresponding paragraphs [0006] through [0034] being incorporated herein by reference.

In addition to the drive element, the device comprises a counter drive element, the counter drive element being arranged to exert a counter torque about the axis of rotation in the closing direction of rotation of the flap on the flap with an amount dependent on an opening angle of the flap.

The introduction of a counter-torque as a function of the opening angle of the flap allows the kinematic effectiveness of the counter-torque to be continuously adapted for different opening positions of the flap via an opening and / or closing movement of the flap. In this way, the manual force to be applied by the operator of the flap to move the flap out of the different opening positions of the flap can also be adapted. Comfortable operation of the flap is made possible over the entire opening angle range.

The support of a motor, which is dependent on the opening angle, to move the flap through the counter-torque means that the motor can be dimensioned weaker. The motor provided, for example, in the spindle drive element can be made smaller and / or a larger spindle pitch can be achieved with lower internal forces. This leads to a reduction in costs and less noise generation of the device during operation. At the same time, the forces introduced into the component are also reduced.

The counter drive element preferably comprises or is a passive counter drive element, preferably a spring element. A counter drive element in the sense of the invention is referred to as passive if it does not require an external power supply or control for operation. This results in the advantage that a device from the prior art can be converted into a device according to the invention in a simple manner by adding the counter drive element. In particular, no additional lines or devices for power supply or control have to be installed, which is particularly advantageous in the generally limited installation space in a vehicle or for the changing production of vehicles with a previously known device or a device according to the invention.

A spring element represents a particularly simple, reliable and efficient embodiment of a passive counter-drive element. The spring element can, for example, absorb energy during an opening movement of the flap and release it again in the closing direction of rotation to exert the counter-torque.

The counter drive element is preferably to exert a smaller counter torque in an area of large opening angles of the flap near the maximum opening position, preferably in a range from 35 ° to 75 °, particularly preferably in a range from 55 ° to 75 °, than in an area smaller Opening angle of the flap close to the closed position, preferably in a range from 0 ° to 35 °, particularly preferably in a range from 0 ° to 15 °.

At small opening angles, in particular in the specified range of the opening angle between 0 ° and 35 °, or between 0 ° and 15 °, a drive element from the prior art, as described above, causes too high a torque in the opening direction of rotation, so that a motor or a The operator has to apply a great deal of force to close the flap. The counter drive element counteracts this. The introduction of a high counter-torque in the closing direction of rotation at small opening angles reduces the force required for small opening angles. Comfortable operation of the device is made possible by simple structural means. In particular, no change to the structural design of the drive element is necessary.

The device should reliably hold the flap in its respective position in every opening position. At large opening angles, in particular in the specified range of the opening angle between 35 ° and 75 °, or between 55 ° and 75 °, a drive element from the prior art, as described above, produces only a small torque in the opening direction of rotation. The introduction of a small counter-torque in the closing direction of rotation at large opening angles has the effect that the low torque exerted by the drive element can reliably hold the flap even at large opening angles. Furthermore, the small counter-torque has little influence on the force to be used for opening or closing at large opening angles, so that the operation of the flap remains comfortable and no change to the structural design of the drive element is necessary.

The counter drive element is preferably designed to generate a counter force along a counter drive axis for exerting the counter torque on the flap, with a distance between the counter drive axis and the axis of rotation depends on the opening angle of the flap. The counter torque corresponds to the product of the counter force and the distance. By varying the distance as a function of the opening angle, the counter torque can thus be varied in a structurally simple manner.

For the purposes of this description, the “distance” between two axes means the amount of the minimum distance between the two axes.

The distance of the counter drive axis from the axis of rotation is preferably in a range of large opening angles of the flap near the maximum opening position, preferably in a range of 35 ° to 75 °, particularly preferably in a range of 55 ° to 75 °, smaller than in a range Small opening angle of the flap near the closed position, preferably in a range from 0 ° to 35 °, particularly preferably in a range from 0 ° to 15 °, the distance in the maximum open position of the flap preferably being minimal, particularly preferably zero.

A spacing varied in this way results in a smaller torque in the area of large opening angles than in the area of small opening angles, which results in the advantages described above. In particular, if the distance in the maximum open position is minimal or zero, there is a minimal or zero counter-torque in the maximum open position of the flap, so that the flap can also be reliably held by the device in the maximum open position, in particular without the drive element opposite the To have to modify the state of the art.

The drive element is preferably designed to generate a force along a drive axis of the drive element for exerting the torque, an axis angle between the drive axis and the counter drive axis being dependent on an opening angle of the flap.

By aligning the drive axis and the counter drive axis relative to one another with an axis angle dependent on the opening angle, the distances between the drive axis and the counter drive axis from the axis of rotation are varied independently of one another via the opening angle. It follows from this that the torque and the counter-torque are also varied independently of one another, so that both independently of one another can assume the optimal values for a reliable, comfortable and efficient operation of the device at an opening angle.

The drive element is preferably articulated with a first drive end along the drive axis at a first drive articulation point on the component. The drive element is preferably articulated to a second drive articulation point on the flap with a second drive end opposite the first drive end along the drive axis. The counter drive element is preferably articulated with a first counter drive end along the counter drive axis at a first counter drive articulation point on the component. The counter drive element is preferably articulated with a second counter drive end opposite the first counter drive end along the counter drive axis at a second counter drive articulation point on the flap.

The first counter-drive articulation point is preferably different from the first drive articulation point and / or the second counter-drive articulation point is preferably different from the second drive articulation point.

The spatially different arrangement of at least one counter-drive articulation point relative to the corresponding drive articulation point, in particular both counter-drive articulation points, has the consequence that the counter-drive axis and the drive axis are not arranged coaxially and at least in part of the opening angle range are not arranged parallel to one another. Instead, there is an axis angle that is dependent on the opening angle between the counter drive axis and the drive axis with the advantages described above.

Finally, it is preferred that the spring element comprises a spring, in particular a mechanical compression spring or torsion spring or a gas pressure spring.

A mechanical spring has the advantage that its spring force is only slightly dependent on a temperature of the spring, which is particularly advantageous in a vehicle that should be able to be used reliably over a wide temperature range.

Compared to a mechanical spring, a gas pressure spring has the advantage of a generally flatter spring characteristic. The spring characteristic describes the course of the spring force depending on the deflection of the spring from its rest position. The spring of the spring element is preferably arranged in such a way that the spring is in its rest position in the closed position of the flap and thus does not generate any spring force, so that the spring does not move the flap out of the closed position by itself.

When the flap is opened in the direction of the maximum open position, the spring is deflected from the rest position, in particular compressed, and the The spring force generated increases faster with a steep spring characteristic and more slowly with a flat spring characteristic. The deflection of the spring causes a large spring force with large opening angles of the flap and a small spring force with small opening angles of the flap.

The counter torque, however, as described above, is preferably greater for small opening angles than for large opening angles. For this purpose, the increase in the spring force with increasing opening angle must be overcompensated by reducing the distance between the counter drive axis and the axis of rotation and thus the lever arm effective for exerting the counter torque. This is particularly easy with a slow increase in the spring force thanks to a flat spring characteristic.

The invention also relates to a vehicle with at least one device according to the invention for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap, in particular a tailgate, of the vehicle. The vehicle preferably comprises two devices on each flap, so that the flap can be evenly supported on two opposite sides. This avoids uneven mechanical loading of the flap or of a component of the vehicle connected to it, which could lead to damage.

Figure list

• 1 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Unterstützung einer Öffnungs- und/oder Schließbewegung einer Klappe.
• 2 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einem Antriebselement aus dem Stand der Technik.
• 3 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
• 4 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einem Antriebselement aus dem Stand der Technik.
• 5 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
• 6 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einem Antriebselement aus dem Stand der Technik.
• 7 zeigt schematisch den Verlauf einer Handkraft zur Bedienung einer Klappe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
• 8 zeigt eine weitere schematische Ansicht der Vorrichtung aus 1.

Further advantages, aims and properties of the invention are explained with reference to the following description and attached drawings, in which objects according to the invention are shown by way of example. Features which in the figures correspond at least essentially with regard to their function can be identified with the same reference numerals, although these features do not have to be numbered and explained in all figures.

• 1 shows a schematic view of the device according to the invention for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap.
• 2 shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a drive element from the prior art.
• 3 shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a device according to the invention.
• 4th shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a drive element from the prior art.
• 5 shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a device according to the invention.
• 6th shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a drive element from the prior art.
• 7th shows schematically the course of a manual force for operating a flap with a device according to the invention.
• 8th FIG. 4 shows a further schematic view of the device from FIG 1 .

Fig. 1

1 shows an apparatus 1 to support an opening and / or closing movement of a flap 2 , in particular a tailgate of a vehicle. The device 1 is with a component 3 , in particular a body of the vehicle connected. The flap 2 is on the component 3 around an axis of rotation D. pivotally attached. The flap 2 can be swiveled from a closed position to a maximum open position and vice versa. In 1 is the flap 2 in their closed position, for example with an opening angle α of 0 °.

The device 1 has a drive element 4th , for example a spring system according to DE 10 2012 221 645 A1 , on. The drive element 4th is used to generate a drive force along a drive axis A. for exerting a torque about the axis of rotation D. in the opening direction of rotation on the flap 2 .

The drive element 4th is with one along the drive axis A. first drive end at a first drive pivot point 7th on the component 3 hinged. The drive element 4th is with one of the first drive end along the drive axis A. opposite second drive end at a second drive pivot point 8th on the flap 2 hinged.

The drive element 4th generates a drive element, for example, in particular by means of a tension spring (not shown) 4th along the drive axis A. compressive force. The force is via the second drive pivot point 8th on the flap 2 transfer. When the drive axle A. from the axis of rotation D. is spaced, the force exerts a torque about the axis of rotation D. in the opening direction of rotation on the flap 2 the end.

The drive element must 4th be designed so that it is in every open position of the flap 2 sufficient torque on the flap 2 exercises to hold them against gravity in the respective open position. At the same time, however, the Force to be applied by an operator or a motor to close the flap 2 not be too big.

To this end, the device 1 a counter drive element 10 to exert a counter-torque about the axis of rotation D. in the closing direction of rotation of the flap 2 on the flap 2 with one of an opening angle α the flap 2 dependent amount. The counter drive element 10 is for generating a counterforce along a counter drive axis G to exert the counter torque on the flap 2 designed.

The counter drive element 10 has one along the counter drive axis G first mating drive end on that at a first mating drive articulation point 13th on the component 3 is hinged. The counter drive element 10 has a first mating drive end along the mating drive axis G opposite second counter drive end, which has a second counter drive articulation point 14th on the flap 2 is hinged.

The first drive pivot point 7th is different from the first counter-drive articulation point 13th on the component 3 educated. The second drive pivot point 8th is different from the second counter drive pivot point 14th on the flap 2 educated.

The counter drive element 10 generates, for example, the counter drive element, in particular by a mechanical compression spring (not shown) or by a gas pressure spring 10 along the counter drive axis G expanding counterforce. The counterforce is applied via the second counter drive pivot point 13th on the flap 2 transfer. When the counter drive axle G from the axis of rotation D. is spaced, the counterforce exerts a counter torque about the axis of rotation D. in the closing direction of rotation on the flap 2 the end.

The functioning of the device 1 is as follows: In the illustrated closed position of the flap 2 generates the counter drive element 10 preferably no counterforce, for example because there is a spring of the counter drive element 10 is in its rest position. When the flap begins to open 2 is for example the spring of the counter drive element 10 compressed; so that they one the counter drive element 10 expanding counterforce generated.

This counterforce of the counter drive element 10 is by means of the largest possible lever arm in relation to the axis of rotation D. the flap 2 in the greatest possible counter-torque on the flap 2 converted. It therefore arises at small opening angles close to the closed position of the flap 2 a high counter torque. Small opening angles α denote in particular opening angles α in a range between 0 ° and 35 °. The counter torque counteracts the torque generated by the drive element 4th on the flap 2 is exercised and at least partially compensates for this. The partial compensation of the torque by the counter torque causes an operator of the flap 2 or a motor only has a small force to close the flap 2 must raise.

In the course of a further opening movement of the flap 2 in the direction of a maximum open position, for example, the spring of the counter drive element 10 further compressed, and the generated thereby, the counter drive element 10 along the counter drive axis G expanding counterforce increases. At the same time, the first counter-drive pivot point moves 13th on a circular path K around the axis of rotation D. around (in 1 clockwise). This increases as the opening angle increases α a distance of the counter drive axis G from the axis of rotation D. so that the lever arm acts on the flap to exert the counter-torque 2 decreases.

This increases the counterforce when the flap is opened 2 by means of a decreasing lever arm with respect to the axis of rotation D. the flap 2 overcompensated, so that the counter-torque exerted with increasing opening angle α the flap 2 decreases. It arises at large opening angles close to the maximum opening position of the flap 2 a smaller counter torque than with small opening angles near the closed position. Large opening angles α denote, for example, opening angles α in a range between 35 ° and 75 °.

The counter-torque acts on the flap in the closing direction of rotation 2 . However, since the counter torque is in the range of large opening angles α is small, the flap can 2 through the drive element 4th can still be reliably held in their position.

The respective distances between the drive axis A. and the counter drive axle G from the axis of rotation D. and thus the lever arms of the drive element 4th and the counter drive element 10 to apply the torque and the counter-torque to the flap 2 are different from each other by the opening angle α the flap 2 addicted. This is achieved, for example, in that at least one of the counter drive articulation points 13th , 14th from the corresponding drive pivot point 7th , 8th is different.

Overall, the device enables 1 , depending on the opening angle α the flap 2 a counter torque in the closing direction of rotation flap 2 on the flap 2 exercise. This allows the force to be applied by an operator or a motor to move the flap 2 in the different opening positions of the flap 2 be adjusted. This creates a comfortable and efficient movement of the flap 2 over the entire opening angle range of the flap 2 enables.

Fig. 2

2 shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap, for example a tailgate of a vehicle, with a drive element from the prior art.

In the 2 until 7th is the hand force F. in Newtons, which must be applied by an operator in order to open the flap from a given position (dashed lines) or close (solid lines), against the opening angle α applied to the flap in degrees.

In 2 and 3 the values are plotted that result when the vehicle is on a horizontal surface.

With the drive element from the prior art, as in FIG 2 shown a strong dependence on hand strength F. to open or close the flap from the opening angle α the flap. It is particularly important for small opening angles α , for example in the range from 0 ° to 35 °, a very high level of hand strength F. necessary to close the flap.

Fig. 3

3 shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap with a device according to the invention. The device differs from the previously known drive element 2 by an additional counter drive element for exercising one of the opening angle α the flap-dependent counter torque in the closing direction of rotation on the flap.

The counter torque is in the range of small opening angles α , for example from 0 ° to 35 °, larger than in the area of large opening angles α , for example from 35 ° to 70 °. This makes the hand force dependent on the opening angle α compared to the in 2 shown prior art reduced. In particular, it is at a small opening angle α significantly less hand strength F. necessary to close the flap than in the prior art.

With large opening angles α become the hand forces F. however, only slightly changed compared to the state of the art. In particular, the hand forces F. at no opening angle α reduced to 0 N, so that at every opening angle α a force must be applied to set the flap in motion. The flap does not open or close automatically.

Fig. 4

4th shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap, in particular a tailgate of a vehicle, with a drive element from the prior art. In contrast to the in 2 In the case illustrated here, the vehicle is not standing on a horizontal surface, but uphill on a surface that rises from the rear to the front of the vehicle. This becomes the dependence of the hand forces F. from the opening angle α opposite the flap 2 even further strengthened. It is particularly important for small opening angles α an even higher hand strength F. necessary to close the flap.

Fig. 5

5 shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap with a device according to the invention. The device differs from the previously known drive element 4th by an additional counter drive element for exercising one of the opening angle α the flap-dependent counter torque in the closing direction of rotation on the flap.

As in 3 is also in 5 the dependence of hand strength F. of the opening angle α of the flap by the counter-torque exerted by the counter-drive element compared to the corresponding in 4th shown prior art reduced. In particular, the hand strength F. to close the flap at a small opening angle α significantly reduced.

Fig. 6

6th shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap, in particular a tailgate of a vehicle, with a drive element from the prior art. In contrast to the in 2 In the case illustrated here, the vehicle is not standing on a horizontal surface, but downhill on a surface sloping from the rear to the front of the vehicle. This becomes the dependence of the hand forces F. from the opening angle α opposite the flap 2 decreased. Nevertheless, it is at small opening angles α a higher hand strength F. necessary to close the flap than with large opening angles α .

Fig. 7

7th shows schematically the course of a manual force F. for operating a flap with a device according to the invention. The device differs from the previously known drive element 6th by an additional counter drive element for exercising one of the opening angle α the flap-dependent counter torque in the closing direction of rotation on the flap.

As in 3 is also in 7th the dependence of hand strength F. of the opening angle α of the flap by the counter-torque exerted by the counter-drive element compared to the corresponding in 6th shown prior art reduced. In particular, the hand strength F. to close the flap at a small opening angle α significantly reduced.

Fig. 8

8th shows the in 1 device shown 1 to support an opening and / or closing movement of a flap 2 , with the flap 2 in 8th in the maximum opening position of the flap 2 , for example at an opening angle α of 75 °.

In the in 8th shown maximum opening position of the flap 2 is for example the spring of the counter drive element 10 compressed, and thereby generates the counter drive element 10 along the counter drive axis G expanding counterforce. At the same time there is the first counter drive pivot point 13th on the circular path K around the axis of rotation D. at a position that is a small distance from the counter drive axis G from the axis of rotation D. causes the lever arm to exert the counter torque on the flap 2 is small. In particular, the counter drive axle G the axis of rotation D. cut so that the counter drive element 10 no torque around the axis of rotation D. on the flap 2 causes.

From a small distance from the counter drive axis G from the axis of rotation D. results from large opening angles α near the in 8th shown maximum opening position of the flap 2 a smaller counter torque than with small opening angles α near the in 1 shown closed position. Large opening angles α denote, for example, opening angles α in a range between 35 ° and 75 °.

The counter-torque acts on the flap in the closing direction of rotation 2 . However, since the counter torque is in the range of large opening angles α is small, the flap can 2 through the drive element 4th can still be reliably held in their position.

List of reference symbols

1

contraption

2

flap

3

Component

4th

Drive element

7th

first drive pivot point

8th

second drive pivot point

10

Counter drive element

13th

first counter drive pivot point

14th

second counter drive pivot point

A.

Drive axle

D.

Axis of rotation

F.

Hand strength

G

Counter drive axle

α

Opening angle

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102012221645 A1 [0002, 0011, 0037]

Claims (10)

Device (1) for supporting an opening and / or closing movement of a flap (2), in particular a tailgate, of a vehicle, a) wherein the flap (2) over an opening angle range between a closed position and a maximum open position against a component (3) , in particular a body of the vehicle, is pivotable about an axis of rotation (D), and b) wherein the device (1) has a drive element (4) for exerting a torque about the axis of rotation (D) in the opening direction of rotation on the flap (2), characterized in that the device (1) comprises, in addition to the drive element (4), a counter drive element (10), the counter drive element (10) for exerting a counter torque about the axis of rotation (D) in the closing direction of rotation of the flap (2) on the flap ( 2) is arranged with an amount dependent on an opening angle (α) of the flap (2). Device (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the counter drive element (10) comprises a passive counter drive element, preferably a spring element. Device (1) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the counter drive element (10) for exercising a smaller counter torque in a range of large opening angles (α) of the flap (2) near the maximum opening position, preferably in a range of 35 ° to 75 °, particularly preferably in a range from 55 ° to 75 °, as is arranged in a range of small opening angles (α) of the flap (2) near the closed position, preferably in a range from 0 ° to 35 °, particularly preferably in a range from 0 ° to 15 ° . Device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the counter drive element (10) a) is designed to generate a counter force along a counter drive axis (G) for exerting the counter torque on the flap (2), b) wherein a distance between the counter drive axis (G) and the axis of rotation (D ) depends on the opening angle (α) of the flap (2). Device (1) according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the distance of the counter drive axis (G) from the axis of rotation (D) in a range of large opening angles (α) of the flap (2) near the maximum opening position, preferably in a range of 35 ° to 75 °, particularly preferably in a range from 55 ° to 75 °, is smaller than in a range of small opening angles (α) of the flap (2) near the closed position, preferably in a range from 0 ° to 35 °, particularly preferably in a range from 0 ° to 15 ° °, wherein the distance in the maximum opening position of the flap (2) is preferably minimal, particularly preferably zero. Device (1) according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the drive element (4) is designed to generate a force along a drive axis (A) of the drive element (4) for exerting the torque, an axis angle between the drive axis (A) and the counter drive axis (G) being an opening angle (α) of the flap (2) is dependent. Device (1) according to Claim 6 , characterized in that a) the drive element (4) is articulated with a first drive end along the drive axis (A) to a first drive articulation point (7) on the component (3), b) the drive element (4) with one of the first drive end along the drive axis (A) opposite, second drive end is articulated to a second drive articulation point (8) on the flap (2), c) the counter drive element (10) with a first counter drive end along the counter drive axis (G) at a first counter drive articulation point (13) is articulated on the component (3), and d) the counter drive element (10) is articulated with a second counter drive end opposite the first counter drive end along the counter drive axis (G) at a second counter drive articulation point (14) on the flap (2), e) wherein the first counter-drive articulation point (13) is different from the first drive articulation point (7) and / or f) the second counter-drive articulation point (14) is different from the second drive pivot point (8). Device (1) according to one of the Claims 2 until 7th , characterized in that the spring element (10) comprises a mechanical compression spring or torsion spring. Device (1) according to one of the Claims 2 until 8th , characterized in that the spring element (10) comprises a gas pressure spring. Vehicle with at least one device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 9 to support an opening and / or closing movement of a flap (2), in particular a tailgate, of the vehicle. ]

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