DE102019208111A1 - Structural element of a baking chamber of an oven with a vaulted structure - Google Patents

Abstract

Structural element 10, 10a-10g, 11, 12 of a baking chamber 2 of an oven 1, wherein the structural element 10, 10a-10g, 11, 12 is a floor, ceiling or side structural element of the baking chamber 2 and a first 21 and a second 22 plate comprises, wherein the first and the second plate 21, 22 are arranged one above the other, the first and the second plate 21, 22 are connected airtight to one another at their periphery, the first and the second plate 21, 22 furthermore at connection points 40, 41, 42 , 43 are connected to one another away from the periphery of the plates, with at least one cavity 30 being formed between the plates 21, 22, and the structural element 10, 10a-10g, 11, 12 having a vaulted structure.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven, the structural element being in particular a floor, ceiling or side element of a baking chamber of the oven. The structural element forms part of the load-bearing structure of the oven, in particular the baking chamber. The invention further relates to a method for producing such a structural element, and also to a baking oven comprising at least one such structural element.

Technical background

An oven is a heatable device that can be used for baking, roasting, grilling, etc. of, for example, food. As an example of such an oven, a rack oven is known in which baked goods are baked by means of hot air. In a rack oven, one or more baking trolleys with baking trays can be pushed into a baking chamber. A rack oven generally includes an upright cubic oven housing with an interior that is designed as the baking chamber. This interior space can be limited by vertical side walls, a ceiling, a usually closed floor, and an openable door. The aforementioned structural elements can usually be provided with insulation in a suitable manner in order to reduce the heat loss from the oven.

The bottom of a rack oven usually consists of several sheet metal layers made of stainless steel and an intermediate layer made of insulating material. The sheets used can have a thickness of 10 mm in order to ensure sufficient rigidity of the floor. The production of such a floor is, however, associated with a high cost of materials and personnel. In addition, such floors are relatively heavy, which makes it difficult to transport and install such floors in rack ovens. In addition, this design of the bottom makes the rack oven very heavy overall.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved structural element for an oven, in particular an improved base element for a rack oven. This improved structural element is intended to at least partially overcome the disadvantages mentioned above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structural element which can be manufactured with little material expenditure and has a low weight, and which nevertheless has a sufficiently high structural rigidity.

These and further objects, which will become apparent from the following description, are achieved by a structural element for an oven according to claim 1, a method for producing a structural element for an oven according to claim 12 and an oven according to claim 14. Preferred embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

Content of the invention

The above-mentioned object is achieved by a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to claim 1.

In particular, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven, wherein the structural element is a floor, ceiling or side element of the baking chamber and has a first and a second plate, the first and the second plate being arranged one above the other, the the first and the second plate are connected airtight to one another at their periphery, the first and the second plate are further connected to one another at specific connection points apart from the periphery of the plates, with at least one cavity being formed between the plates; and wherein the structural element has a defined blown-arched structure.

The present invention relates to a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven. This structural element can be, for example, a floor, ceiling or side element of a baking chamber of the oven. The structural element can be designed to delimit the inside of a baking chamber of the oven. A person skilled in the art understands that it should have sufficient rigidity and thermal insulation for this purpose.

The structural element comprises a first plate and a second plate. These plates can be designed, for example, at right angles, depending on the structure of the baking chamber. Accordingly, the structural element can be large enough to completely cover the corresponding side / ceiling / floor of the baking chamber. The first and / or second plate can essentially consist of a steel, and can for example be a steel sheet. In a preferred embodiment, both plates are stainless steel sheets. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the plates can be relatively small in thickness compared to their dimensions. The plates can thus be a flat component, but do not have to be flat, but can have a curved structure. Preferably the plates are identical to one another in terms of Dimensions, material and quality. They preferably also have the same curved structure.

The two plates are arranged one above the other. The plates can lie flat on top of one another. In particular, if the plates have the same dimensions, the plates can preferably be arranged flush on top of one another. The plates are connected to one another airtight at their periphery, so that the structural element can be produced by blow molding. It goes without saying that the plates do not have to be connected to one another in an airtight manner on their entire periphery, but can also have a connection for applying an air pressure, in particular on the periphery.

The plates lying one above the other can preferably be connected to one another airtight at their edges by means of double roll weld seams.

The plates are still connected to one another at connection points away from the periphery. The plates are therefore not completely connected to one another, so that certain parts of the plates can touch but are not connected to one another. This allows a cavity to exist between the plates or to be created by blow molding. The plates are preferably welded to one another at the connection points. The connection points are provided, for example, at central positions on the plates. The connection points can be designed differently and comprise (one or more) point-like, line-shaped or even planar connection points.

At least one cavity is formed between the plates. The cavity is delimited by the plates, which are connected to one another airtight at their periphery, for example at their edges. At the points that are not connected to one another, there can be gaps between the plates, whereby a cavity can be formed. The cavity is preferably a closed space which is separated from the surroundings of the structural element. The person skilled in the art understands that more than one cavity can also be arranged between the plates, which can be separated from one another, for example, by appropriately designed connection points.

The structural element has a vaulted structure. This arched structure can be defined or predetermined by the connection points. The blown arched structure is therefore not given arbitrarily, but corresponds to the respective specifications according to the connection points after the structural element has been inflated.

The structural element according to the invention has a high structural rigidity with a high flexural rigidity due to the connection points, the cavity and the blown-arched structure. In an advantageous embodiment, the bottom of the baking chamber can only be formed from the structural element according to the invention. This means that further plates (or reinforcement plates) can preferably be dispensed with in order to ensure sufficient structural strength. A desired flexural rigidity of the structural element can be set by suitably arranging the connection points. Depending on the respective dimensions of the baking chamber, the person skilled in the art understands how to specify a vaulted structure suitable for the respective task.

The blown-domed structure can be produced by inflating the cavity between the plates with compressed air. The cavity can thus be unfolded evenly, so that ultimately a structure is created which, due to the arrangement and design of the connection points, can have the most homogeneous pressure and stress distribution possible. The plates can thus be curved in such a way that the curvatures extend outward, that is to say away from the respective other plate.

Each of the plates preferably has a material thickness of 1-3 mm, more preferably a material thickness of approximately 2 mm. This lightweight construction avoids the cost of materials, so that ultimately a floor, ceiling or side element of the baking chamber can be produced that requires little material. The special structure allows a high structural strength to be obtained even with such a lightweight construction.

The structural element advantageously has an insulating effect. This insulating effect is caused in particular by the cavity or cavities. For this purpose, the cavity or cavities preferably occupy at least 60% of the planar area between the plates, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90%, further preferably at least 95% and most preferably at least 98%. The person skilled in the art understands that the connection points occupy the remaining portion of the planar surface.

The plates are preferably made of steel and connected to one another by means of welding, the connection points preferably comprising at least one weld point and / or at least one weld seam. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the plates can be connected to one another by multiple welds and / or multiple weld points. Away from these welds and / or weld points are the plates are not connected to one another, so that a cavity can be formed here. The welded connection enables a robust connection to be established between the plates, which further increases the rigidity of the structural element. In addition, the welding allows the structural element to be manufactured with little effort.

The connection points preferably form at least partially a defined and more preferably a regular pattern when the structural element is viewed in a planar manner. The connection points are therefore not arranged at random, but rather follow a defined pattern. The pattern can, for example, predetermine a corresponding structural rigidity in accordance with the respective configuration or dimensioning of the structural element. In particular, by specifying a regular pattern of the connection points or a regular arrangement of the connection points, increased structural rigidity can be specified, since this leads to uniform forces and stresses along the structural element.

The connection points preferably form at least partially a symmetrical pattern when the structural element is viewed in a planar manner. The arrangement of the connection points can thus follow a certain symmetry, whereby the structural rigidity of the structural element can also be increased. The symmetrical pattern can be, for example, an axially or point-symmetrical pattern. In this way, a high structural rigidity can be achieved along the longitudinal axes of the structural element, which results in an increased structural rigidity of the structural element. The axis of symmetry (in the case of axial symmetry) can preferably cross a center point of the structural element, or the point of symmetry (in the case of a point-symmetrical pattern) can coincide with the center point of the structural element. Thus, a connection point can be arranged at the center point of the structural element, whereby the general structural rigidity of the structural element can be increased.

The person skilled in the art understands that the pattern can be interrupted individually, for example so that a pipe socket can extend through certain weld seams. Therefore, preferably at least 50% of the connection points form the respective pattern, more preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 90%, further preferably at least 95% and most preferably 100%. The percentage can relate to the total area of all connection points or to the number of connection points.

The structural element preferably further comprises a pipe socket, which extends from an outside of the structural element into the cavity. By means of this pipe socket, for example, the cavity can be unfolded or further developed by, for example, supplying compressed air through the pipe socket into the cavity. By means of the pipe socket, an insulating material can also be introduced into the cavity, or a vacuum can be set in the cavity. The insulating effect of the structural element can thus be improved by means of the pipe socket. The person skilled in the art understands that the structural element can also include further pipe sockets which can extend into the same or different cavities of the structural element.

An insulating material is preferably arranged in the cavity, in particular preferably bulk insulation. The insulating material can, for example, comprise expanded glass granules. In this way, the insulation of the structural element can be increased further. In a preferred embodiment, each cavity between the plates is filled with the bulk insulation, whereby the insulating effect is further enhanced.

A negative pressure (less than normal pressure and greater than 300 mbar) is preferably present in the cavity, more preferably a rough vacuum (300-1 mbar), more preferably a fine vacuum (1-10 ^-3 mbar) and most preferably a high vacuum (10 ^-3 -10 ^-7 mbar). This can also increase the insulating effect of the structural element. Preferably the vacuum is present in each cavity.

1. a. Bereitstellen einer ersten Platte;
2. b. Bereitstellen einer zweiten Platte;
3. c. Anordnen der Platten übereinander;
4. d. luftdichtes Verbinden, vorzugsweise Verschweißen der Platten an ihrer Peripherie;
5. e. teilweises Verbinden, vorzugsweise Verschweißen, der Platten miteinander abseits der Peripherie der Platten;
6. f. Einbringen der Platten in ein Formwerkzeug;
7. g. Ausüben von Druck zwischen die verbundenen Platten; und dadurch
8. h. Verformen der Platten, so dass sich ein Hohlraum zwischen den Platten entfaltet, und das Strukturelement eine blasgewölbte Struktur erhält.

The present invention further relates to a method for producing a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven, in particular a floor, ceiling or side structural element of a baking chamber as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

1. a. Providing a first plate;
2. b. Providing a second plate;
3. c. Placing the panels on top of each other;
4. d. airtight joining, preferably welding, of the plates at their periphery;
5. e. partially joining, preferably welding, the plates to one another away from the periphery of the plates;
6. f. Placing the panels in a mold;
7. G. Applying pressure between the joined panels; and thereby
8. H. Deforming the panels so that a cavity unfolds between the panels and the structural element is given a vaulted structure.

Two plates are thus connected to one another at least at certain points, preferably by welding, whereupon this plate structure can be "inflated" by applying appropriate pressure. This creates a structural element with a defined blown-arched structure, which is ultimately given by the partial connection of the plates.

By introducing the plates into a mold before inflation, for example between two flat dies of a press, the plate structure is held down during inflation, so that a preferably flat structural element is created.

This method has a high degree of automation, since the panels can be connected by means of automatic welding technology, for example by means of spot or roller seam welding, and furthermore only the panels are inflated, for example by means of compressed air. Thus, the structural element can be manufactured with little personnel expenditure, whereby the economy is increased.

Preferably, the application of pressure comprises supplying a gas or fluid into the cavity. A corresponding feed pressure can preferably be 10 to 40 bar, more preferably 20 to 30 bar. For this purpose, a corresponding pipe socket can be used, which can extend from an outside into an interior space between the two plates. A structural element with high structural rigidity and high insulating effect can thus be produced extremely efficiently.

The present invention also relates to an oven, in particular a rack oven, comprising a baking chamber with at least one structural element according to the above statements.

The structural element is preferably designed as a floor structural element of the baking chamber of the baking oven. The oven preferably further comprises at least one side wall of the baking chamber, the side wall being welded directly to an edge of the floor structure element. The baking chamber can thus be formed without great effort, the structural elements only having to be welded to one another, which is made possible by the increased structural rigidity of the structural element.

Due to the high structural rigidity, the structural element can also be used as a ceiling structural element. Conventional supporting frame structures can thus advantageously be dispensed with, on which, in rack ovens in particular, can be suspended from oven ceilings in order, for example, to mount a rotating mechanism for the baking trolley. Due to the high structural rigidity of the structural element, the structural element can be used directly as a ceiling structural element.

Preferred embodiments

• 1 schematisch einen Backofen gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 2 schematisch eine Querschnittsansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 3 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 4 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 5 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 6 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 7 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 8 schematisch eine planare Ansicht eines Strukturelements einer Backkammer eines Backofens gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the same features are identified with the same reference symbols. It shows:

• 1 schematically an oven according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 2 schematically a cross-sectional view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 3 schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 4th schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 5 schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 6th schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 7th schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;
• 8th schematically a planar view of a structural element of a baking chamber of an oven according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention;

In 1 is schematically an oven 1 shown according to an embodiment of the invention. The oven 1 can be designed as a rack oven. The oven 1 includes a baking chamber 2 which can be heated in particular by means of hot air. Appropriate means can be provided for this purpose. The baking chamber 2 is through a floor structure element 10 , multiple page structure elements 11 and a Ceiling structure element 12th limited. In addition, a door (not shown) on the oven 1 be arranged, which gives access to the baking chamber 2 enables. According to the present invention, one, several or each of the floor, side and ceiling structural elements can be used 10 , 11 , 12th be formed by a structural element according to the invention.

In 2 is a structural element 10a for an oven according to an embodiment of the invention shown in a cross-sectional view. The structural element 10a can for example as a floor structure element 10 the baking chamber 2 in the oven 1 the 1 be used. The structural element 10a includes two panels 21st , 22nd which are arranged one on top of the other. The plates 21st , 22nd are at certain junctions 40 connected with each other. Between the junctions 40 are cavities 30th arranged. Although in 2 not shown, the cavities 30th be connected to each other, and a common cavity 30th form.

Joining the panels 21st , 22nd at the connection points 40 gives the shape of the cavities 30th before, making the structural element 10a receives a defined arched structure. This allows a particularly rigid structure of the structural element 10a can be specified. Because by the represented shape or structure of the structural element 10a can become the structural element 10a do not warp or bulge or bulge to a limited extent when heated. For this purpose, the distances between the connection points give way 40 preferably only slightly, and at best not from one another, so that there are uniform forces and tensions.

The cavities 30th also have an insulating effect. For example, in the cavities 30th There is a vacuum, so that heat is essentially only passed through the few connection points 40 is exchanged.

A person skilled in the art understands a suitable arrangement and configuration of the connection points 40 to be selected in order to obtain a structural element with the desired structural rigidity and insulating effect. In the following 3-8 various arrangement and design of the connection points are shown as examples. However, the invention is not limited to these patterns. Rather, individual structures of the respective structural elements 10b to 10g can be combined with each other to obtain additional structures or patterns.

In the 3 to 8th are each planar views of structural elements 10b to 10g shown, for example, as a floor structure element 10 the baking chamber 2 in the oven 1 the 1 can be used. The structural elements 10b to 10g each include two plates that are positively arranged on top of one another. The plates are square, but can also have other shapes depending on the application. At their edges the plates are by means of double roll weld seams 41 connected to each other airtight. This means that there is at least one airtight cavity between the plates 30th in front. Those skilled in the art understand that the perimeter of the cavity 30th , which in the structural elements 10b to 10g due to the double roll weld seams 41 is defined at the edge of the plates, can also be designed differently. For example, the edges of the plates can not be connected to one another, and the cavity thus does not extend to the edges. For example, the cavity can only be located in a central area of the plates, and here it can be limited by a double roll weld seam.

The structural elements 10b to 10g the 3 to 8th have a pipe socket 50 on, which is from the outside into the cavity 30th extends. The pipe socket 50 can be closed so that the cavity 30th can be sealed. The pipe socket 50 can be used to give the structural element the desired curved structure. After placing the (still flat) plates on top of one another and connecting the plates at the connection points, compressed air can pass through the pipe socket 50 be introduced between the plates. This causes the cavity to unfold 50 , and the structural element receives its "inflated" or "blown" structure. The inflation is preferably carried out in a mold, which the structural elements 10 , 10 a - g , 11 , 12th gives the desired external shape. If a planar structural element 10 , 10a - g , 11 , 12th is to be produced, the inflation can preferably take place between two flat punches of a press, so that the structural element 10 , 10 a - g , 11 , 12th is held down when inflated and does not bulge. A filling material can then be fed into the cavity via the pipe socket 50 be introduced to increase the insulating effect of the structural element.

The structural elements 10b to 10g the 3 to 8th differ from one another essentially in the arrangement and configuration of the connection points, which are described individually below.

In 3 an embodiment is shown in which the plates by individual weld points 43 are connected to each other. The spot welds 43 are arranged on a regular grid, which in the illustrated embodiment is a 5 × 5 grid. The person skilled in the art understands that other grids can also be taken into account, for example a 4 × 7 grid or a 10 × 10 grid. The in 3 The illustrated pattern of the connection points is partly a point and axis symmetry is given. The person skilled in the art understands that the symmetry is only due to the opening of the double roll weld seam 41 is interrupted, on which the pipe socket 50 into the cavity 30th extends. The plates are connected to each other here at their centers by a welding point.

In 4th is a structural element 10c shown, in which the plates by simple roll welds 42 are connected to each other that touch at corresponding seam end points. Here is an axis symmetry due to the roll welds 42 given. The roll welds 42 are in the form of squares, with one side of each square being opened to create a continuous cavity 30th which can be blow molded as a whole.

Also in 5 are the panels of the structural element 10d through simple roll weld seams 42 connected with each other. Here are the roll welds 42 Arranged point-symmetrically, and are essentially each assigned to a quadrant of the plates. The roll welds extend from one side of the structural element 10d to an adjacent side of the structural element 10d , and are at right angles.

In 6th is a structural element 10e shown, in which the connection points by simple roll welds 42 are trained. The roll welds 42 are arranged straight, have different lengths, and do not touch. There is a point symmetry of the roll weld seams 42 given.

The structural element 10f according to 7th is characterized by circular roll welds 42 out. The center of the respective circles coincides with the center of the plates. The circular roll welds 42 are not closed, but open, creating a common cavity 30th which can be blow molded as a whole. The roll welds 42 thus have an axis symmetry.

In 8th is a structural element 10g shown, in which the connection points by simple roll welds 42 and spot welds 43 are designed. There are two roll welds 42 Arranged in a cross shape, the crossing point coinciding with the center of the plates. There are also eight spot welds 43 arranged on a virtual cross which is 45 degrees to the cross of the roll welds 42 is rotated. Here, too, point symmetry is given by the connection points.

Claims (13)

Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) of a baking chamber (2) of an oven (1), the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) being a floor, ceiling or side structural element of the baking chamber (2) is and has: a. a first (21) and a second (22) plate; in which b. the first and second plates (21, 22) are arranged one above the other; c. the first and second plates (21, 22) are airtightly connected to each other at their periphery; d. the first and second plates (21, 22) are further connected to one another at junctions (40, 41, 42, 43) away from the periphery of the plates; e. wherein at least one cavity (30) is formed between the plates (21, 22); and f. wherein the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) has a vaulted structure. Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to Claim 1 , wherein the plates (21, 22) are made of steel and are connected to one another by means of welding, the connection points (40, 41, 42, 43) preferably at least one weld point (43) and / or at least one weld seam (41, 42) include. Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to Claim 1 or 2 , the connection points (40, 41, 42, 43) at least partially forming a defined and preferably a regular pattern when the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) is viewed in planar fashion. Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , the connection points (40, 41, 42, 43) at least partially forming a symmetrical pattern when the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) is viewed in planar fashion. Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to Claim 4 , the symmetrical pattern being an axially or point-symmetrical pattern, the symmetry axis or the symmetry point preferably crossing or coinciding with a center point of the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12). Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , further comprising a pipe socket (50) which extends from an outside of the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) into the cavity (30). Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th wherein an insulating material, preferably bulk insulation, is arranged in the cavity (30). Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th wherein a negative pressure, preferably a rough vacuum, more preferably a fine vacuum and most preferably a high vacuum is present in the cavity (30). Structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , each of the plates (21, 22) having a thickness of 1-3 mm, preferably a thickness of about 2 mm. Method for producing a structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) of a baking chamber (2) of an oven (1), in particular a floor, ceiling or side structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) of the baking chamber ( 2) after one of the Claims 1 to 9 , the method comprising the steps of: a. Providing a first plate (21); b. Providing a second plate (22); c. Arranging the plates (21, 22) one above the other; d. airtight joining, preferably welding, of the plates (21, 22) at their periphery; e. partial joining, preferably welding, of the plates (21, 22) to one another away from the periphery of the plates (21, 22); f. Placing the plates (21, 22) in a molding tool; G. Applying pressure between the joined panels (21, 22); and thereby h. Deforming the plates (21, 22) so that a cavity (30) unfolds between the plates and the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) is given a vaulted structure. Procedure according to Claim 10 wherein the application of pressure comprises feeding a gas or fluid into the cavity (30), a feed pressure preferably being 20-30 bar. Oven (1), in particular rack oven, comprising a baking chamber (2) with at least one structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 . Oven Claim 12 , wherein the structural element (10, 10a-10g, 11, 12) is designed as a floor structural element of the baking chamber (2) of the baking oven (1), the baking oven (1) further comprising at least one side wall of the baking chamber (2), the side wall is welded directly to an edge of the floor structure element.

Images