DE102019123151A1 - Gas inlet system for fluidization reactors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas inlet system (200) for fluidization reactors or the like, which, according to a preferred embodiment, contains an underbody chamber (220) with a supply line (222) for a gas to be introduced and at least one distributor pipe (210). The distributor pipe is arranged above the underbody chamber, coupled to it via a connecting pipe (212), and has outlets (211) for the gas to be introduced. The connecting tube (212) preferably contains an adjustable throttle element.

Description

The invention relates to a gas inlet system for fluidization reactors or similar devices.

Facilities in which physical or chemical reactions or interactions between an existing substance / medium and a substance / medium introduced as a fluid take place are referred to as fluidization reactors or fluidization systems. The fluid is typically a gas, so that in the following, without loss of generality, only a gas or gas inlet system will be spoken of.

Fluidization systems can be used, for example, to remove dust or to separate bulk materials. By blowing in air, the finer bulk material particles are blown upwards out of the bulk material, while the coarser ones remain at the bottom. Furthermore, fluidization is useful when controlling the temperature of bulk goods, since the fluidization moves the bulk material particles along the heat exchanger surfaces and mixes them with bulk material particles that have not yet been adequately heated. The heat exchange is therefore significantly better with fluidized bulk materials.

Fluidization reactors typically contain a medium which should be permeated as intensively and homogeneously as possible with a gas or with gas bubbles. In this regard, known fluidization reactors have a perforated base under which there is a chamber to which the gas to be introduced is fed from the outside. The gas penetrates the inside of the reactor through the holes in the bottom and rises through the medium in the reactor to the top. The problem here is that the holes in the bottom can easily be blocked by the reactor contents. In the following, the term “reactor” generally refers to the vessel in which the medium to be fluidized is located or in which the fluidization takes place.

Against this background, it was the object of the present invention to provide an improved gas inlet system that works as robustly as possible.

This object is achieved by a gas inlet system according to claim 1 and claim 7. Advantageous refinements are contained in the subclaims.

1. a) Eine Unterbodenkammer mit einer Zuleitung für ein einzuleitendes Gas.
2. b) Mindestens ein Verteilerrohr, welches
   • - im Wesentlichen horizontal oberhalb der Unterbodenkammer angeordnet ist,
   • - mit der Unterbodenkammer über ein Verbindungsrohr gekoppelt ist, und
   • - Auslässe für das einzuleitende Gas aufweist.

According to a first aspect, the gas introduction system according to the invention for or similar devices contains the following components:

1. a) An underbody chamber with a supply line for a gas to be introduced.
2. b) At least one manifold, which
   • - is arranged essentially horizontally above the underbody chamber,
   • - is coupled to the underbody chamber via a connecting pipe, and
   • - Has outlets for the gas to be introduced.

The gas introduction system according to the invention contains, similar to many existing fluidization reactors, an underbody chamber into which a gas to be introduced can enter and be distributed over a larger area. The gas is then introduced into the contents of the reactor via one or more distributor pipes which are arranged above the underbody chamber. The outlets of these distribution pipes can be oriented in any direction, so that the introduction and distribution of the gas in the medium of the reactor can be controlled and varied much better than in the case of simple holes in the cover of the underbody chamber. The system according to the invention can also optionally be easily retrofitted in existing reactors by replacing the cover of the underbody chamber.

It should be pointed out that in the context of the present application, the terms “horizontal”, “vertical”, “above” and / or “below” are to be understood in relation to gravity and for the state of the ready-to-use assembled gas supply system.

In a preferred embodiment of the gas inlet system, at least one outlet (preferably several or all outlets) of at least one distributor pipe is directed downwards. This prevents the outlets from being blocked by the contents of the reactor.

At least one distributor pipe can optionally run in an arc, in particular in the form of an arc of a circle or a complete circle. In particular, good gas distribution in round reactors can be achieved via an arched distributor pipe.

If there are two or more distributor pipes, these can in particular be arranged to run parallel to one another. In this way, a homogeneous gas introduction can be realized in one area. Arch-shaped distributor pipes can in particular be arranged concentrically with one another.

The connecting pipe that connects the manifold with the interior of the underbody chamber connects, can in particular run vertically. It typically penetrates the top of the underbody chamber.

The at least one distributor pipe is preferably connected to the underbody chamber via two or more connecting pipes so that the pressure in the distributor pipe is as uniform as possible everywhere.

The connecting pipes are advantageously also used to mechanically hold the distributor pipes over the cover of the underbody chamber.

The top (cover) of the underbody chamber preferably also represents the bottom of a reactor.

1. a) Eine Zuleitung für ein einzuleitendes Gas.
2. b) Mindestens zwei Auslässe für das einzuleitende Gas, die an einem oder mehreren Verteilerrohren angeordnet und mit der Zuleitung verbunden sind.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a gas inlet system for fluidization reactors or the like, which contains the following components:

1. a) A supply line for a gas to be introduced.
2. b) At least two outlets for the gas to be introduced, which are arranged on one or more distributor pipes and connected to the supply line.

Furthermore, the connection between at least one of the two outlets and the feed line for a gas to be introduced contains a throttle element which is not contained in the connection between the other of the two outlets and the feed line.

In this context, a “throttle element” should generally be understood to mean any device which causes a change in the gas flow through a flow path (here from the supply line to the corresponding outlet), for example by the throttle element changing the flow resistance of the flow path.

With the help of the throttle element, it is possible to individually adjust the gas outlet from two or more outlets of the gas inlet system. In this way, the effect of the gas inlet system can be adjusted in a targeted manner to the conditions in a connected fluidization reactor or another device and a better distribution of the gas can be achieved.

The gas introduction system according to the second aspect of the invention (“second gas introduction system”) can optionally contain at least one of the features of a gas introduction system according to the first aspect of the invention.

For example, the second gas inlet system can contain an underbody chamber into which the feed line for the gas to be introduced opens and which is connected to at least one distributor pipe via one or more connecting pipes.

In the above-mentioned case, the throttle element is preferably arranged in the connecting pipe. It is then effective for all outlets that are supplied via this connecting pipe or the associated distribution pipe.

Additionally or alternatively, the underbody chamber contains a closable opening through which the throttle element is accessible. It can then be set by hand depending on the desired distribution of the gas flow.

According to another embodiment, the throttle element can be adjusted remotely, for example via motors or hydraulics.

• 1 einen Schnitt durch einen Reaktor mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Gaseinleitungssystem aus einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 2 einen Schnitt durch den Reaktor aus einer perspektivischen Ansicht von der Seite;
• 3 einen Schnitt durch einen Reaktor mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Gaseinleitungssystem mit Drosselelementen aus einer perspektivischen Ansicht von der Seite;
• 4 eine Ausführungsform eines Drosselelementes.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail by way of example with the aid of the figures. It shows:

• 1 a section through a reactor with a gas inlet system according to the invention from a perspective view from below;
• 2 a section through the reactor from a perspective view from the side;
• 3rd a section through a reactor with a gas inlet system according to the invention with throttle elements from a perspective view from the side;
• 4th an embodiment of a throttle element.

The gas inlet system according to the invention is shown in the figures using the example of a round or boiler-shaped fluidization reactor 101 explains, in the bottom of which it is integrated. In the fluidization reactor 101 For example, physical and / or chemical reactions can take place, such as dust removal, separation and / or temperature control of bulk materials.

The 1 and 2 show a first embodiment with a first gas inlet system 100 .

The gas introduction system 100 contains an underbody chamber 120 whose cavity extends under the entire reactor. The lid 121 the underbody chamber represents the bottom of the reactor at the same time. Furthermore, the underbody chamber is made up of a conduit pipe 122 is supplied with the gas to be introduced (eg air), which can be distributed evenly and essentially with the same pressure everywhere within the underbody chamber.

Immediately above the lid 121 the underbody chamber 120 is a plurality of manifolds 110 arranged, which are evenly distributed as possible over the bottom surface of the reactor. In the example shown, there are six circular tubes 110 present, which with increasing diameters are concentric above the ground 121 of the reactor are arranged. There is also a straight distribution pipe in the middle 110 intended.

Each of the manifolds 110 is made up of two or more perpendicular connecting pipes 112 worn and is hereby connected to the interior of the underbody chamber 120 connected. The connecting pipes 112 pierce the lid 121 the underbody chamber and are connected to the associated manifold via T-joints 110 connected. Via the connecting pipes 112 the gas to be introduced is fed evenly to the distribution pipes.

The distribution pipes 110 furthermore contain a large number of outlets on their underside 111 through which the gas to be introduced can pass into the interior of the reactor. By aligning all of these outlets 111 downwards their clogging is prevented by the medium of the reactor.

The 3rd and 4th show a second gas introduction system 200 , which is a modification of the gas supply system 100 represents. Essentially, the second gas inlet system contains 200 the same components as the first, which are therefore not described again in detail. These components include, in particular, a supply line 222 for a gas to be introduced into an underbody chamber 220 opens, as well as annular manifolds 210 that is above the lid 221 the underbody chamber 220 run and over connecting pipes 212 with the underbody chamber 220 are connected.

With larger fluidization reactors and depending on the bulk material and the geometry of the fluidization base, the problem can arise that the fluidization takes place very unevenly. This problem is caused by the gas introduction system 200 solved, at which the fluidization for each outlet 211 or at least for each manifold 210 is individually adjustable.

For this purpose, the gas inlet system contains 200 a plurality of throttle elements 215 , which in the entrances of the connecting pipes 212 are arranged and the size of the inlet opening and / or the open cross-section of the connecting pipes via a change in position 212 can change. In this way, the flow resistance can be reduced through the corresponding connecting pipe 212 adjust and thus also the gas flow, which from the outlets supplied by this pipe 211 exit.

The throttle elements 215 are installed in each connecting pipe 212 pressed in from below. For example, they can be made from hard rubber using a 3D printing process. However, it is also conceivable that the throttle elements are made of plastic or metal and / or, for example, are screwed in. Depending on how deep you put a throttle element 215 in the connecting pipe 212 is pressed, the flow resistance for the fluidizing air for this fluidizing tube is increased.

So that you can still access the throttle elements after they have been installed 215 comes up, for example to exchange them or to change their setting, is on the underbody chamber 220 (Air box) preferably a maintenance cover attached.

Furthermore, it is possible to automatically retract and extend the throttle elements via a drive device (not shown) and thereby set the fluidization remotely.

Claims (10)

Gas inlet system (100, 200) for fluidization reactors (101) or the like, containing: a) an underbody chamber (120, 220) with a supply line (122, 222) for a gas to be introduced; b) at least one manifold (110, 210), which - is arranged essentially horizontally above the underbody chamber, - is coupled to the underbody chamber via a connecting pipe (112, 212), and - Has outlets (111, 211) for the gas to be introduced. Gas inlet system (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlets (111, 211) are directed downwards. Gas introduction system (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor pipe (110, 210) extends in an arcuate manner. Gas inlet system (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two distributor pipes (110, 210) are arranged parallel to one another. Gas introduction system (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting pipe (112, 212) runs essentially vertically. Gas inlet system (100, 200) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the top (121) of the underbody chamber (120, 220) represents the bottom of a reactor (101). Gas inlet system (200) for fluidization reactors or the like, in particular after at least one of the Claims 1 to 6th , comprising: a) a feed line (222) for a gas to be introduced; b) at least two outlets (211) for the gas to be introduced, which are arranged on one or more distributor pipes (210) and connected to the feed line (222), the connection between at least one of the two outlets (211) and the feed line (222 ) contains a throttle element (215) which is not included in the connection between the other of the two outlets and the supply line (222). Gas inlet system (200) according to Claim 7 , characterized in that it contains an underbody chamber (220) into which the feed line (222) for the gas to be introduced opens and which is connected via a connecting pipe (212) to a distributor pipe (210), the throttle element (215) in the Connecting pipe (212) is arranged. Gas inlet system (200) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the underbody chamber (220) contains a closable opening through which the throttle element (215) is accessible. Gas introduction system (200) according to at least one of the Claims 7 to 9 , characterized in that the throttle element (215) is adjustable by remote control.

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