DE102019111804A1 - Method for setting and / or changing an ink transfer, printing unit and printing machine with a printing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

In a method according to the invention for setting and / or changing an ink transfer in a printing unit operating according to a gravure printing process with a forme cylinder which comprises an imaging pattern of depressions on its circumference and with an inking unit by which the pattern of depressions provided on the forme cylinder is colored , a partial inking of the forme cylinder is carried out by an inking device via a first inking unit cylinder having depressions corresponding to depressions on the forme cylinder and a second inking unit cylinder that forms a nip point with the first inking unit cylinder and is partially to be colored by the first inking unit cylinder, and a Inking the forme cylinder by the second inking unit cylinder directly via a nip point with the second inking unit cylinder or indirectly via one formed between the second inking unit cylinder and a third inking unit cylinder Nip point and a nip point formed between the third inking cylinder and the forme cylinder. To set and / or change the color transfer, the extent of a contact in print-on, i. H. the provision of printing, varies at at least one of the nip points between two inking and / or printing unit cylinders involved in the ink transfer between the inking device and the printing point. The invention also relates to a printing unit for printing substrates using a gravure printing process.

Description

The invention relates to a method for setting and / or changing an ink transfer, a printing unit and a printing machine with a printing unit according to the preamble of claims 1, 12 and 20, respectively.

The EP 2 909 033 B1 discloses an intaglio printing machine with a printing unit in which a plate cylinder designed as a gravure cylinder is inked indirectly via an ink collecting cylinder. This receives the printing ink via several stencil rollers, which in turn are colored by inking devices. In one embodiment, the inking is carried out by two ink application rollers, which receive the ink via a ductor roller that interacts with an ink fountain. In another embodiment, an ink transfer roller is also provided between the ductor roller and the stencil roller.

In the U.S. 4,604,951 A An intaglio printing machine is disclosed with a plate cylinder carrying a printing plate, with an applicator roller in rolling contact with the plate cylinder, which has a structure of ink-transferring elevations on the circumference, and an inking device which comprises a ductor roller and is in rolling contact with the applicator roller. The ductor roller has essentially the same circumference as the applicator roller and, on its outer circumference, has depressions of different depths that correspond to the depressions on the printing plate. When printing, a distance of 0.03 to 0.05 mm is set between the ductor roller and the ink knife. Furthermore, an adjustment mechanism is provided in order to position the structured roller with respect to the plate cylinder in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction.

Through the WO 2005/077656 A1 an inking system of an intaglio printing machine is known, in which, in one embodiment, the intaglio printing plate is inking directly by a stencil roller, which in turn is colored by a selective ink cylinder. Printing ink is applied to the latter on its peripheral surface by a spray device, the excess ink being removed by means of a wiping roller before contact with the stencil roller. In the remaining versions, the intaglio printing plate is colored indirectly via a transfer or collecting cylinder, which is colored using one or more stencil rollers, which in turn are colored by a selective ink cylinder. Printing ink is applied to the latter on its circumferential surface by a spray device or a ductor roller interacting with an ink fountain, the excess ink being removed again by means of a wiping roller before contact with the stencil roller.

The CN 101544098 B relates to a ductor roller, an ink transfer device and an ink transfer system of a gravure printing machine. The ink is transferred from an ink supply via a ductor roller, which has an engraving on the circumference that corresponds to the engraving on the gravure cylinder, to an elastic ink roller and from there to the gravure cylinder. When the paint is applied to the ductor roller, its outer surface is in touch with a hook-shaped scraper in order to strip off the paint at the non-engraved areas. As a result, no uniform layer of ink is applied to the elastic ink roller, but a color pattern corresponding to the pattern of the engraving on the gravure cylinder, with different thicknesses, similar to the shape of a relief. The pressure of the contact on the lateral surface can be adjusted via an adjusting device.

Through the WO 2011/077350 A1 an intaglio printing machine with a printing point between the forming and impression cylinders, an ink collecting cylinder, five stencil cylinders cooperating with this and inking units for the stencil cylinder is disclosed, with the forme and impression cylinder having a common rotary drive and the ink collecting cylinder its own in one embodiment Drive, five drives are assigned to the five stencil cylinders and one or more drives are assigned to the inking units. The motors of the drives that rotate these cylinders or units in this embodiment also during operation are preferably designed as torque motors. A correction and adjustment system is provided for this embodiment to control the rotational position of the ink collecting cylinder and the stencil cylinder in order to ensure a correct register with the forme cylinder.

The WO 2004/069538 A2 relates to an intaglio printing machine with a printing point between the forming and impression cylinders, an ink collecting cylinder, five stencil cylinders interacting with this and inking units for the stencil cylinder, whereby the stencil cylinder referred to here as "selector cylinder" is driven by a drive motor independently of the ink collecting cylinder . In one embodiment this is driven together with a ductor roller of the ink fountain, in another by itself, the ductor roller then being driven from the ink collecting cylinder via a gear train. One of the goals of this drive is to vary the relative speed between the ink collecting cylinder and the selector cylinder in order to compensate for any elongation of a printing plate on the forme cylinder.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method for setting and / or changing an ink transfer, a printing unit and a printing press with a printing unit.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claims 1, 12 and 20, respectively.

In a particularly advantageous method for setting and / or changing an ink transfer in a printing unit working according to a gravure printing process, with a forme cylinder that includes an imaging pattern of depressions on its periphery, and with an inking unit, through which the pattern of depressions provided on the forme cylinder is colored partial inking of the forme cylinder from an inking device via a first inking unit cylinder having depressions corresponding to depressions on the forme cylinder in the area of its lateral surface and a second inking unit cylinder which forms a nip point with the first inking unit cylinder and is partially to be colored by the first inking unit cylinder For setting and / or changing the ink transfer from the first to the second inking unit cylinder, a temperature present on the circumference of the first inking unit cylinder is deliberately varied.

As an alternative to varying the temperature or in addition to setting and / or changing the color transfer, the extent of a pressure-on contact, i.e. H. the provision of printing, varies at at least one of the nip points between two inking and / or printing unit cylinders involved in the ink transfer between the inking device and the printing point.

In a particularly advantageous printing unit for printing substrate using a gravure printing process, in particular for use in one of the above. A method with a forme cylinder, which comprises an imaging pattern of depressions on its periphery, and with an inking unit, by which the pattern of depressions provided on the forme cylinder is colored, a forme cylinder from an inking device over a first, in the area of its lateral surface Depressions on the forme cylinder having corresponding depressions and a second inking unit cylinder that forms a nip point with the first inking unit cylinder and is partially inking by the first inking unit cylinder, the first inking unit cylinder is for setting and / or changing an ink transfer to the second inking unit cylinder at different temperatures trained temperature controlled.

As an alternative to temperature control at different temperatures or in addition to this, a variation of the printing position at at least one of the nip points between two inking and / or printing unit cylinders involved in the ink transfer between inking device and printing point while maintaining mutual contact - i.e. H. within the line - can be achieved.

In a z. B. for the correction of the circumferential register advantageous embodiment is or is at least the first, the wells comprehensive inking cylinder in production alone or together with the second inking cylinder by a drive means rotating from the third inking cylinder and / or the forme cylinder in production operation mechanically independent, with respect to. a rotational angle adjustable drive can be driven and / or rubbed.

In an advantageous development, the second inking unit cylinder can also be driven and / or rubbed by a mechanically independent drive that can be regulated with respect to a rotational angle position.

In a preferred embodiment of the printing unit, a third inking unit cylinder, in particular ink collecting cylinder, is provided between the second inking unit cylinder, which advantageously has the elevations or raised areas, and the forme cylinder.

In an advantageous embodiment of the inking device, a doctor blade designed and / or effective and - in particular operationally, i. H. at least in the working or operating position or during production operation - in physical contact with the outer surface of the inking unit cylinder comprising the depressions is provided, by means of which the printing ink lying on non-engraved areas can be removed.

In an advantageous embodiment, the printing unit comprises several inking units, each with an inking device, a first inking unit cylinder having depressions and a second inking unit cylinder having elevations or raised areas, via which the forme cylinder can be inking directly or indirectly. The first inking cylinder of two color trains have z. B. mutually different patterns of wells.

Particular advantages of the above-mentioned printing unit unfold in a printing machine designed as a security printing machine and / or as a printing machine that processes a sheet-like substrate and / or as a gravure printing machine that works according to the intaglio process, which has a substrate feed through which the substrate to be printed can be fed to the printing machine on the input side, a first conveying line, through which the substrate can be fed to the at least one printing unit, a second conveying line, through which the substrate can be fed directly or indirectly to a product receptacle, through which the at least simply printed substrate can be combined into bundles.

The above-mentioned advantageous designs, embodiments and variants can each be combined as required, but also - provided they do not concern contradicting or conflicting objects.

Further design variants and developments can be found individually or in combinations of the following description and the subclaims.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

• 1a eine Seitenansicht einer Druckmaschine, insbesondere Tiefdruckmaschine in einer ersten Ausführung;
• 1b eine Seitenansicht einer Druckmaschine, insbesondere Tiefdruckmaschine in einer zweiten Ausführung;
• 2a einen vergrößerte Darstellung des Druckwerkes aus 1a;
• 2b einen vergrößerte Darstellung des Druckwerkes aus 1b;
• 3a einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus dem Druckwerk gemäß 2a;
• 3b einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus dem Druckwerk gemäß 2b;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung a) eines Musters von Vertiefungen auf dem Formzylinder, b) eines Musters von korrespondierenden Erhebungen auf dem die Erhebungen aufweisenden Farbwerkszylinder und c) eines Musters von korrespondierenden Vertiefungen auf dem die Vertiefungen aufweisenden Farbwerkszylinder;
• 5 eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführung für den die Vertiefungen umfassenden Farbwerkszylinder mit Einfärbeeinrichtung;
• 6 eine Schrägansicht der Einfärbeeinrichtung aus 5;
• 7 eine Draufsicht auf eine Einfärbeeinrichtung gemäß 5;
• 8 eine Detailansicht aus der Einfärbeeinrichtung gemäß 5;
• 9 eine Detailansicht einer Lagerung der das Rückhaltemittel tragenden Traverse mit Axialantrieb;
• 10 ein Detailschnitt des Axialantriebes aus 9 aus anderer Richtung;
• 11 eine Einzelansicht der Farbverteileinrichtung;
• 12 eine Detailansicht der Farbverteileinrichtung aus 11 von schräg unten;
• 13 eine Detailansicht zur Linearführung aus der Einfärbeeinrichtung gemäß 5;
• 14 eine Gesamtansicht der im Gestell angeordneten Einfärbeeinrichtung;
• 15 eine Ausführung der Einfärbeeinrichtung mit alternativen Ausgestaltung des Farbvorlageraumes;
• 16 eine Seitenansicht der Einfärbeeinrichtung mit Stellantrieb;
• 17 eine Seitenansicht im Schmitt der Einfärbeeinrichtung gemäß 16;
• 18 eine Perspektivansicht eines die Gravuren direkt auf seiner Mantelfläche tragenden Farbgravurzylinders;
• 19 ein Längsschnitt durch einen Farbgravurzylinder aus 18, exemplarisch in Ausführung mit von Temperierfluid durchstömbaren Strömungskanälen;
• 20 ein Teilschnitt durch einen als Vollzylinder oder - strichliert angedeutet - als Hohlzylinder ausgebildeten Farbgravurzylinder mit Mehrschichtaufbau;
• 21 eine als Farbübertragungsformhülse bzw. Sleeve ausgebildete Farbübertragungsform;
• 22 ein Teilschnitt durch einen als Vollzylinder oder - strichliert angedeutet - als Hohlzylinder ausgebildeten Farbgravurzylinder mit Sleeve;
• 23 ein teilschnitt durch eine mehrschichtig aufgebaute Sleevewand;
• 24 eine Schrägansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels für einen mit Sleeve zu bestückenden Zylinderkörper;
• 25 ein Längsschnitt durch einen Zylinderkörper gemäß 24 in einer ersten Ausführung als Hohlzylinder, exemplarisch in Ausführung mit der Unterstützung eines Sleevewechsels dienenden Auslassöffnungen und mit von Temperierfluid durchstömbaren Strömungskanälen;
• 26 ein Längsschnitt durch einen Zylinderkörper gemäß 24 in einer zweiten Ausführung als Vollzylinder, exemplarisch in Ausführung mit der Unterstützung eines Sleevewechsels dienenden Auslassöffnungen;
• 27 eine Querschnitt durch den Hohlzylinder aus 26, exemplarisch in Ausführung mit der Unterstützung eines Sleevewechsels dienenden Auslassöffnungen und mit von Temperierfluid durchstömbaren Strömungskanälen;
• 28 eine zweite Ausführung eines als Hohlzylinder ausgebildeten Zylinderkörper mit zwei gegenläufig konisch verlaufenden Bauteilflächen zur Unterstützung eines Sleevewechsels;
• 29 eine Seitenansicht eines Beispiels für ein Farbwerk mit linearbeweglicher Lagerung der Farbgravurzylinder;
• 30 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Farbwerks gemäß 29 mit einer exemplarisch abgeschwenkten Lagerkappe;
• 31 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Farbwerks gemäß 30 von schräg hinten;
• 32 ein Längsschnitt (a) sowie eine Querschnittsansicht (b) eines Farbgravurzylinder, wie er beispielsweise in einem Farbwerk gemäß 30 und 31 eingesetzt oder einsetzbar ist;
• 33 eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren Beispiels für ein Farbwerk mit linearbeweglicher Lagerung der Farbgravurzylinder;
• 34 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines drei Farbgravurzylinder umfassenden Gestellteils;
• 35 eine Schnittansicht durch eine Ausführung eines radial entnehmbaren Farbgravurzylinders;
• 36 eine Schnittansicht durch eine Ausführung eines Farbreliefzylinders;
• 37 eine Seitenansicht eines Druckwerks mit schematisch dargestellten Antriebsmitteln sowie mit Mitteln zu deren Steuerung- und/oder Regelung;
• 38 ein detaillierterer Ausschnitt aus 37;
• 39 eine schematische Darstellung zum Konzept zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder;
• 40 eine zweite Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 41 eine dritte Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 42 eine vierte Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 43 eine Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder beim Drucken über mehrere Farbzüge, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 44 eine Lage der Prüfelemente aus 43 in korrekter Relativlage, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 45 eine schematische Darstellung eines Intensitätssignal a) in Umfangsrichtung und b) in Axialrichtung;
• 46 eine schematische Darstellung zum Konzept zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbreliefzylinder und Formzylinder;
• 47 eine zweite Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 48 eine Ausgestaltung von Prüffeldern zum Überprüfen und ggf. Einstellen oder korrigieren einer Relativlage von Farbgravurzylinder und Formzylinder beim Drucken über mehrere Farbzüge, a) in Axialrichtung und b) in Umfangsrichtung;
• 49 eine schematische Darstellung eines Substratabschnittes mit die Axialrichtung und Umfangsrichtung von Farbgravur- und Farbreliefzylinder betreffenden Prüffeldern;
• 50 eine Seitenansicht eines Druckwerks mit temperierten Farbwerks- und Druckwerkszylindern;
• 51 ein vergrößerte Darstellung eine Ausschnittes aus 50;
• 52 eine schematische Darstellung für den Verlauf eines Farbtransfers im Druckwerk in Abhängigkeit einer von der Temperatur am Umfang des Farbgravurzylinders;
• 53 eine Seitenansicht eines Druckwerks mit radial verlagerbaren Farbwerks- und Druckwerkszylindern;
• 54 eine schematische Darstellung eines Zylinderzuges mit radial verlagerbaren Farbwerks- und Druckwerkszylindern;
• 55 eine schematische Darstellung einer gegenläufigen Abhängigkeit des Farbtransfers von der Stärke einer Druckbeistellung an einer Nippstelle unter Beteiligung eines harten und/oder eine Gravur aufweisenden Zylinders und an einer Nippstelle ohne Beteiligung eines solchen Zylinders;
• 56 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Abhängigkeit des Farbtransfers von der Betriebsgeschwindigkeit ohne jeglichen Ausgleich, mit teilkompensierender Überlagerung einer Variation in der Druckbeistellung einer ersten Nippstelle und mit Überlagerung einer Variation in der Druckbeistellung zweier Nippstellen.

Show it:

• 1a a side view of a printing machine, in particular a gravure printing machine in a first embodiment;
• 1b a side view of a printing machine, in particular a gravure printing machine in a second embodiment;
• 2a an enlarged view of the printing unit 1a ;
• 2 B an enlarged view of the printing unit 1b ;
• 3a an enlarged section of the printing unit according to 2a ;
• 3b an enlarged section of the printing unit according to 2 B ;
• 4th a schematic representation of a) a pattern of depressions on the forme cylinder, b) a pattern of corresponding elevations on the inking unit cylinder having the elevations and c) a pattern of corresponding depressions on the inking unit cylinder having the depressions;
• 5 a side view of a first embodiment for the inking unit cylinder comprising the depressions with inking device;
• 6th an oblique view of the inking device 5 ;
• 7th a plan view of an inking device according to 5 ;
• 8th a detailed view of the inking device according to 5 ;
• 9 a detailed view of a mounting of the cross member carrying the restraint with axial drive;
• 10 a detailed section of the axial drive 9 from another direction;
• 11 a detail view of the color distribution device;
• 12 a detailed view of the color distribution device 11 from diagonally below;
• 13 a detailed view of the linear guide from the inking device according to FIG 5 ;
• 14th an overall view of the inking device arranged in the frame;
• 15th an embodiment of the inking device with an alternative design of the color storage space;
• 16 a side view of the inking device with actuator;
• 17th a side view in Schmitt of the inking device according to 16 ;
• 18th a perspective view of a color engraving cylinder carrying the engravings directly on its lateral surface;
• 19th a longitudinal section through a color engraving cylinder 18th , exemplarily designed with flow channels through which temperature control fluid can flow;
• 20th a partial section through a full cylinder or - indicated by dashed lines - a hollow cylinder designed as a color engraving cylinder with a multilayer structure;
• 21st an ink transfer mold designed as an ink transfer mold sleeve;
• 22nd a partial section through a full cylinder or - indicated by dashed lines - designed as a hollow cylinder color engraving cylinder with sleeve;
• 23 a partial section through a multilayered sleeve wall;
• 24 an oblique view of an embodiment for a cylinder body to be fitted with a sleeve;
• 25th a longitudinal section through a cylinder body according to 24 in a first embodiment as a hollow cylinder, exemplarily in Execution with the support of a sleeve exchange serving outlet openings and with flow channels through which temperature control fluid can flow;
• 26th a longitudinal section through a cylinder body according to 24 in a second embodiment as a full cylinder, exemplarily in an embodiment with the support of a sleeve exchange serving outlet openings;
• 27 a cross section through the hollow cylinder 26th , exemplarily in an embodiment with the support of a sleeve change serving outlet openings and with flow channels through which temperature control fluid can flow;
• 28 a second embodiment of a cylinder body designed as a hollow cylinder with two oppositely conical component surfaces to support a sleeve change;
• 29 a side view of an example of an inking unit with linearly movable mounting of the color engraving cylinder;
• 30th a perspective view of an inking unit according to 29 with an exemplary pivoted bearing cap;
• 31 a perspective view of the inking unit according to 30th from diagonally behind;
• 32 a longitudinal section (a) and a cross-sectional view (b) of a color engraving cylinder, as it is, for example, in an inking unit according to FIG 30th and 31 is used or used;
• 33 a side view of another example of an inking unit with linearly movable mounting of the color engraving cylinder;
• 34 a perspective view of a frame part comprising three color engraving cylinders;
• 35 a sectional view through an embodiment of a radially removable color engraving cylinder;
• 36 a sectional view through an embodiment of a color relief cylinder;
• 37 a side view of a printing unit with schematically illustrated drive means and means for their control and / or regulation;
• 38 a more detailed section 37 ;
• 39 a schematic representation of the concept for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and the forme cylinder;
• 40 a second configuration of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 41 a third embodiment of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 42 a fourth embodiment of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 43 a configuration of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder when printing over several color trains, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 44 a position of the test elements 43 in the correct relative position, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 45 a schematic representation of an intensity signal a) in the circumferential direction and b) in the axial direction;
• 46 a schematic representation of the concept for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color relief cylinder and the forme cylinder;
• 47 a second configuration of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 48 a configuration of test fields for checking and, if necessary, setting or correcting a relative position of the color engraving cylinder and forme cylinder when printing over several color trains, a) in the axial direction and b) in the circumferential direction;
• 49 a schematic representation of a substrate section with the axial direction and circumferential direction of color engraving and color relief cylinders relating to test fields;
• 50 a side view of a printing unit with temperature-controlled inking and printing unit cylinders;
• 51 an enlarged view of a section 50 ;
• 52 a schematic representation of the course of an ink transfer in the printing unit as a function of the temperature on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder;
• 53 a side view of a printing unit with radially displaceable inking unit and printing unit cylinders;
• 54 a schematic representation of a cylinder train with radially displaceable inking and printing cylinders;
• 55 a schematic representation of an opposite dependence of the ink transfer on the strength of a pressure provision at a nip point with the participation of a hard and / or an engraving cylinder and at a nip point without the participation of such a cylinder;
• 56 a schematic representation of a dependence of the ink transfer on the operating speed without any compensation, with partially compensating superimposition of a variation in the pressure adjustment of a first nip point and with superposition of a variation in the pressure adjustment of two nip points.

A printing press, in particular a security printing press, comprises at least one printing unit 500 by which substrate S. can be printed at least by a gravure printing process, for example a substrate feed 100 through which the input side of the printing machine the substrate to be printed S. can be fed, a first conveyor line 200 through which the substrate S. the at least one printing unit 500 can be supplied, a product intake 400 , through which the at least simply printed substrate S ' can be combined into containers, as well as a second conveyor line 300 through which the substrate S ' - possibly via further processing units - the product intake 400 is feedable.

The printing machine is z. B. designed as a sheet-fed printing machine, in particular as a sheet-fed gravure printing machine, preferably as a sheet-fed printing machine that prints in an intaglio printing process. The intaglio printing process is a gravure printing process which is preferably used for the industrial production of banknotes, security documents or security elements.

The printing machine that preferably prints according to a gravure printing process, in particular an intaglio printing process, comprises in a preferred embodiment as a sheet-fed printing machine in addition to the at least one printing unit operating according to a gravure printing process, in particular an intaglio printing process 500 preferably at least one as a sheet feeder 100 executed substrate supply 100 , by means of which a substrate to be printed S. in the form of, in particular, stacked substrate sheets S. , e.g. B. sheet of printing material S. , in particular paper sheets S. , is provided on the input side of the printing press or at least can be provided. The rectangular substrate sheets S. have z. B. an edge dimension in the range between 475 × 450 mm and 700 × 820 mm; the grammage of the substrate sheet S. lies z. B. in the range between 70 g / m ² and 120 g / m ² . It also includes one of the first conveyor line 200 included bow system 201 , by means of which at the sheet feeder 100 provided substrate sheet S. z. B. linear funding 202 and / or one or more transfer drums 203 the or a first printing unit 200 the printing machine in a sequence, d. h are fed or at least can be fed individually one after the other. Downstream of the or a last printing unit 500 has the printing press further z. B. one of the second conveyor line 300 comprised, for example, as a revolving conveyor belt or as a revolving chain system, in particular a chain gripper system 301 to which the at least through the printing unit 500 printed substrate sheet S ' directly or via at least one or more, e.g. B. from the second conveyor line 300 included intermediate cylinders are transferred to the transport device 301 handed over substrate sheet S ' by means of this to a subsequent processing unit or to a delivery 400 , here stack delivery 400 , e.g. B. multi-stack delivery, trained product intake 400 , are transported or are at least transportable and are stored or at least can be stored there. In execution 1 a and 1b indicates the stack delivery 400 in transport direction T the substrate sheet S. ; S ' considered z. B. four consecutively arranged stacks or stacking spaces 401 on. In the area of the transport facility 301 can be an unspecified, z. B. optoelectronic, preferably camera-based inspection system, by means of which a quality of the printed substrate sheet S ' is checked or at least can be checked. The substrate sheets S ' are checked to ensure that they are free of errors in comparison with a given template. Depending on this test result, the substrate sheets S ' then deposited on a certain stack of the multiple stack delivery.

In the case of a printing machine designed as a web-processing machine, the printed images are or will be of a specific printing length instead of using substrate sheets S. ; S ' formed substrate sections S. ; S ' substrate sections formed by stringing repeat lengths S. ; S 'is formed, which is then wound into a product roll or into a substrate sheet S. ; S ' be or can be cut and stacked.

In principle, the at least one printing unit working according to a gravure printing process 500 in the first and / or second conveyor line 200 ; 300 one or more further printing units operating according to the same or different printing processes can be provided.

≤ 5, insbesondere m ≤ 3), z. B. dreifachgroß, ausgeführt und ist zur Aufnahme von m, z. B. m = 3, Druckformen 504 hintereinander und/oder zum Bedrucken von m z. B. m = 3, Drucklängen, insbesondere zur Aufnahme und/oder bedrucken mehrerer z. B. m = 3, Substratbogen S je Umdrehung ausgeführt.The printing unit working according to a gravure printing process, in particular an intaglio printing process 500 , hereinafter also referred to as gravure printing 500 referred to, includes at least one also as an impression cylinder 501 effective and / or designated printing cylinder 501 and one with the Impression cylinder 501 a pressure point 502 training, as a forme cylinder 503 printing cylinder designed for gravure printing 503 , especially intaglio printing cylinders 503 , the impression cylinder 501 and the forme cylinder 503 are preferably set against each other under high pressure or at least adjustable. Executed as a curved substrate S. ; S ' processing printing machine includes the impression cylinder 501 preferably on the circumference one or m axially extending cylinder channels, each with a holding means, for. B. a gripper bar through which the arcuate substrate S. on the impression cylinder 501 overlying by the pressure point 502 is conveyable through it. The forme cylinder 503 carries one or more printing forms on its circumference 504 with one of the printing motifs, e.g. B. Subject, underlying pattern of depressions 514 , hereinafter also referred to synonymously as “engravings” 514 where not explicitly specified, regardless of their production. Unless explicitly differentiated, it should be used as a printing form 504 , especially gravure form 504 both one the wells 514 or engravings 514 comprehensive cylinder outer circumferential surface itself or a preferred embodiment than on the forme cylinder 503 releasably arranged or arrangeable, the depressions 514 or engravings 514 comprehensive printing form 504 , e.g. B. as a printing plate 504 or possibly be understood as a printing forme sleeve. The forme cylinder is preferably 503 "Multiple size", e.g. B. m-fold size, (with m ∈ $\mathbb{N}$

≤ 5, in particular m ≤ 3), e.g. B. three times the size, and is designed to accommodate m, z. B. m = 3, printing forms 504 one behind the other and / or for printing m z. B. m = 3, printing lengths, in particular for receiving and / or printing several z. B. m = 3, substrate sheet S. executed per revolution.

The printing unit is preferred 500 or the printing machine for printing on the substrate S. , especially the substrate sheet S. , executed with multiple use. The applied to a print or repeat length and / or a substrate sheet S. ; S ' or substrate section S. ; S ' Associated overall image motif is preferably through the image motifs of a plurality of in several columns next to one another and in several rows one behind the other on the substrate S. benefit to be printed, e.g. B. banknotes formed. Accordingly, the engraving pattern is a printing form assigned to the printing length 504 by a corresponding plurality of in columns and rows arranged in a matrix-like manner - especially identical in the motif - patterns of depressions, z. B. Motif engravings formed.

There is a removal device to remove excess paint 506 , e.g. B. a wiper device 506 with a mopping cylinder 507 is against the forme cylinder 503 employed or at least employable. The mopping cylinder 507 is on its outer surface z. B. coated with a plastic.

The forme cylinder 503 or a printing form provided on this 504 is through an inking unit 508 one or preferably multicolored colorable. This inking unit 508 can be arranged in total or in sections of the preferably spatially fixed, which the pressure point 502 forming printing cylinder 501 ; 503 comprehensive printing unit 509 be mounted movable away and / or even be designed divisible.

The inking unit 508 includes - with regard to the ink transport direction in the inking unit 508 viewed at the upstream end - one, for example, through an ink delivery system with ink 517 supplied or supplyable - inking device 511 , through which a - z. B. first - inking cylinder 512 can be colored. This inking cylinder 512 includes in the area of its lateral surface 518 Indentations 513 , hereinafter also referred to synonymously as “engravings” 513 where not explicitly specified, irrespective of their production, which are related to or part of the engravings 514 on the printing form 504 of the forme cylinder 503 correspond. That does not mean that they have the same dimensions and the same depth as the corresponding engravings 514 must have, but that their shape and / or depth are in a defined relationship to one another, which is or is obtained, for example, on the basis of specified or to be specified regularities. Is preferred for engraving 513 on the inking cylinder 512 a greater width b513 , e.g. B. as line width b513 , and / or a greater depth than for the corresponding engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 or the printing form encompassed or carried by this 504 . For example, there can be tight line structures on the printing form 504 on the engravings 513 comprehensive inking cylinder 512 partially even merge into larger engraved areas. For the sake of simplicity, this is done with the engravings 513 comprehensive inking cylinder 512 , where not explicitly specified, regardless of the production of the indentations 513 synonymous as a color engraving cylinder 512 designated.

< 10, insbesondere n = 1, 2 oder 3.The outside diameter of the color engraving cylinder 512 is preferably in proportion 1 : n to the outside diameter of the forme cylinder 503 , with n ∈ $\mathbb{N}$

<10, especially n = 1, 2 or 3.

Through the inking device 511 is the first inking cylinder 512 in the area of its lateral surface 518 to recesses 514 on the forme cylinder 503 corresponding recesses 513 includes, can be colored at an application point located on its circumference. There should also be one extending in the circumferential direction under the “order point” Be understood circumferential section on which an application of paint to the first inking cylinder 512 by the inking device and / or a contact with reserved printing ink 517 takes place. The order at the place of application can in principle be designed as desired.

In a preferred embodiment, this includes the color engraving cylinder 512 inking inking device 511 a color master space 516 which on the color engraving cylinder 512 facing side at least partially through its lateral surface 518 is limited (see e.g. 3a and 3b as 15th ). For example, it opens or protrudes into the color sample room 516 - e.g. B. in its axial position in the middle - the opening of at least one -stationary or axially moved - ink supply line, through which the proportion of used printing ink 517 in the color master room 516 is or can be replaced. Under the color master room 516 should here z. B. generally be understood that the space in which the to be applied, with the lateral surface 518 ink in contact 517 is located. Depending on the design, this can be a color space that is open at the top, open at the bottom or closed at the top and bottom 516 his.

With the engravings 513 or recesses 513 of the inking unit cylinder 512 it is, for example, depressions with a depth of, for example, up to a maximum of 0.3 mm, in particular a maximum of 0.2 mm compared to the unengraved surface area.

Downstream of the color engraving cylinder 512 is in the inking unit 508 one to be colored by this - z. B. second - inking cylinder 519 provided in the region of its - preferably elastic and / or compressible - lateral surface 521 at least raised areas 522 has which engraved areas 523 the printing form to be colored 504 correspond. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, however, are on the lateral surface 521 to - especially individual - engravings 514 (e.g. individual engraved lines) of the printing form 504 corresponding surveys 524 , e.g. B. in the form of a relief, provided. The latter does not mean here either that the surveys 524 the same dimensions in the area as the corresponding engravings 514 must have, but that their shape in a defined relation to the shape of the corresponding engraving 514 the printing form 504 which is or is, for example, also obtained here on the basis of established or to be established regularities. For the sake of simplicity, this will be the raised areas 522 and / or surveys 524 comprehensive inking cylinder 519 , where not explicitly specified, regardless of the type and design of the surveys 524 synonymous as a color relief cylinder 519 designated. Is preferred for to engravings 514 corresponding surveys 524 on the color relief cylinder 519 a greater width b524 intended than for the corresponding engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 or the printing form 504 (e.g. as width b514 or knitting size b514 ). For example, individual surveys 524 in tight line structures on the forme cylinder 503 or on the printing form 504 on the color relief cylinder 519 partially to larger elevations 524 ' merge. The individual engravings are also in the event of fusions occurring 514 on the forme cylinder 503 Basis for the pattern of corresponding surveys 524 ; 524 ' and in this sense are also considered to be individual recesses 514 on the forme cylinder 503 to be understood accordingly. In addition, at least a number of elevations that are actually individually resolved are also preferred 524 on the outer surface 521 of the color relief cylinder 519 includes. Especially in the case of the above-mentioned raised areas 522 with opposite individual surveys 524 This second inking unit cylinder becomes larger 519 also as a stencil cylinder 519 designated.

At the surveys 524 ; 524 ' it is, for example, surveys 524 ; 524 ' with a height of, for example, between 0.03 to 2.0 mm, in particular between 0.5 and 1.2 mm compared to the non-printing base. In this case, for example, the non-printing ground is provided at the same depth, so that with elevations rolling in the same cylindrical envelope surface, the elevations above the ground are the same height. For the case of larger raised areas 522 their height above ground may be greater than that of the individual engravings 514 correlated surveys 513 .

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the width is b524 from to engravings 514 the printing form 504 corresponding surveys 524 on the color relief cylinder 519 larger than the width b513 the one on the color engraving cylinder 512 corresponding engravings 513 , and the width of these engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 again larger than the width b514 the corresponding engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 or on the printing form 504 (see e.g. 4th ).

In contrast to the above-mentioned raised areas 522 , in which the raised area 522 for example over the area of a plurality, e.g. B. more than fifty, adjacent engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 extends, it is about engravings 514 the printing form 504 corresponding surveys 524 preferably around surveys 524 which, for example, have a maximum width in the area of their smallest diameter b524 of 0.6 mm and / or a width not exceeding 0.5 mm b524 than that of the corresponding engraving 514 on the forme cylinder 503 have and / or which z. B. individual Engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 with a maximum width of a factor of ten greater b513 map and / or which, for example, by 1 mm spaced engravings 514 on the forme cylinder 503 map individually. There are z. B. at least a number, in particular a plurality of on the forme cylinder 503 present engravings 514 individually resolved as surveys 524 on the color relief cylinder 519 pictured.

The engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 are for example directly on the lateral surface 518 of the color engraving cylinder 512 provided by the cylinder jacket of the color engraving cylinder 512 is at least included on the outer circumference, or on the outer circumference of an ink transfer form designed as a printing form, which is in the form of an ink transfer form sleeve that is closed in its circumference 637 , e.g. B. a so-called. Sleeves 637 , or as a finite intaglio form, e.g. B. can be formed with leading and trailing color transfer forming ends.

The inking device 511 includes at least one in the operating direction of rotation D. of the wells 513 comprehensive inking cylinder 512 a restraint means on the downstream side of the above-mentioned application site 526 , e.g. B. a doctor blade or an ink knife, through which or which in the operating direction of rotation D. viewed after the paint has been applied - and especially before a sip point 776 with a subsequent inking cylinder 519 - previously on the outer surface 518 applied printing ink 517 is removable.

In particular, the inking device 511 on at least in the operating direction of rotation D. of the color engraving cylinder 512 downstream side of the ink storage room 516 such a restraint means 526 through which in the operating direction of rotation D. viewed on the output side of the color sample room 516 , ie in the area of the downstream end of the paint storage room 516 , on which previously by contact with the lateral surface 518 on this carried printing ink 517 is removable. The color template room 516 is in this embodiment of the paint application on its downstream side in the circumferential direction by the retaining means 526 limited.

The inking device preferably comprises 511 also a sensor device, through which a measure for the in the color original room 516 present amount of paint and / or fill level, but at least information about the reaching of a critical fill level, e.g. B. for a lower and / or an upper limit value of the level, can be derived.

In a first, z. B. in terms of a particularly low color input advantageous embodiment includes the inking device 511 on at least in the operating direction of rotation D. of the color engraving cylinder 512 downstream side of the application site or of the ink supply room 516 a restraint 526 which by a - in particular at least in the working or operating position - in physical contact with the preferably hard and rigid outer surface 518 of the color engraving cylinder 512 standing, preferably variable or adjustable with respect to its adjustment force, wiping means, in particular a doctor blade, is formed, by means of which printing ink is applied to non-engraved areas 517 - essentially completely - is removable. This is an entry of printing ink 517 in places where on the forme cylinder 503 no ink 517 is required, can be reduced from the outset. The aim is to completely remove the printing ink 517 this should also be understood as the case that traces of printing ink still remain in spite of a doctor blade with touch contact 517 remain on unengraved lateral surface areas.

The restraint 526 , especially as a stripping agent, e.g. B. as a squeegee, is advantageously designed as “positive” or correspondingly “positive” in the inking device 511 arranged, ie hired or adjustable with an inclination to the tangent, so that the tangent is at the point of contact with the restraint means 526 , e.g. B. wiping means, especially the squeegee, on the side of the ink storage room 516 forms an acute angle. This angle prevails z. B. at least in the area of the active end, ie in one, z. B. at least 3 mm long, end portion of the retaining means 526 which is in contact with or without contact with the jacket surface 518 works together.

In a second, e.g. B. with respect to wear and tear advantageous embodiment, the inking device 511 on at least in the operating direction of rotation D. of the color engraving cylinder 512 downstream side of the application site or of the ink supply room 516 for example a retaining means designed as a preferably adjustable paint knife 526 include, by which in the working or operating position a small, preferably adjustable distance, of z. B. at least 2 microns, in particular at least 5 microns and / or for example less than 100 microns, advantageously less than 50 microns, in particular less 20 microns, to the outer surface 518 of the color engraving cylinder 512 can be produced or is produced in operation. This is the ink applied to non-engraved areas 517 on a thin layer of z. B. at least 2 microns, in particular at least 5 microns and / or for example to less than 100 microns, advantageously less than 50 microns, in particular to less than 20 microns, limited or limited.

In particular in connection with an at least substantial removal of the printing ink 517 , ie the complete or the removal except for a thin layer of the non-engraved lateral surface areas of the color engraving cylinder 512 a significant color input is achieved selectively in the desired places, which is why the engravings 513 or recesses 513 having inking cylinder 512 or color engraving cylinder 512 also referred to as “selective cylinder” 512.

The color relief cylinder 519 has on the circumference, for example, a - preferably elastic and / or at least slightly compressible - material layer, which on its outside the jacket surface 521 trains and the raised areas 522 or surveys 524 or has intervening depressions.

The one by the inking device 511 Color engraving cylinder to be colored 512 and the downstream color relief cylinder 519 provide an inking unit here - possibly with one or more inking unit rollers or cylinders arranged in series between them 529 , in the following also as a colored train 529 denotes, by which or which printing ink 517 a certain color in the printing unit 500 can be entered and in the direction of the forme cylinder 503 is or is funded.

This color train 529 can basically in the area of the downstream end, z. B. directly with the lateral surface 521 of the stencil cylinder 519 , with the forme cylinder 503 or its printing form 504 cooperating in the printing unit 500 be arranged. In an advantageous embodiment with regard to a multicolor printing, several, z. B. at least two such color trains 529 around the forme cylinder 503 be arranged around. It can be the forme cylinder 503 also one or more in the above-mentioned manner with color engraving cylinders 512 executed color trains 529 and one or more for this purpose differently executed, z. B. conventionally, color units formed without a color engraving cylinder 532 , e.g. B. Color trains 532 , be associated with, for example, an ink fountain comprising an ink knife and an ink fountain roller with a flat surface.

In the case of multiple color trains 532 For example, a so-called color separation of the print image, that is to say a partial print image assigned to this color to be applied, is colored by this. The patterns of depressions 513 and / or surveys 524 ; 524 ' or raised areas 522 on the relevant inking cylinder 512 ; 519 two color trains 529 are therefore, at least to a large extent, different from one another.

In one embodiment which is to be preferred, especially with regard to multicolor printing, the color train is 529 in the region of the downstream end, e.g. B. the color relief cylinder 519 , with another, e.g. B. as a transfer cylinder 531 effective inking cylinder 531 arranged cooperatively. This in turn is in the printing unit 500 with the forme cylinder 503 arranged interacting and preferably has an elastic and / or compressible jacket surface.

In a particularly preferred version of the printing unit 500 for one - especially at the pressure point 502 simultaneous - multicolor printing unit 500 is the other inking unit cylinder 531 as a paint collecting cylinder 531 executed or effective.

Here, several, z. B. at least two, in the above-mentioned manner with color engraving cylinder 512 executed color trains 529 or a combination of one or more in the above-mentioned manner with a color engraving cylinder 512 executed color trains 529 and one or more for this purpose differently executed, z. B. conventionally trained without color engraving cylinder, color trains 532 with, for example, an ink fountain comprising an ink knife and an ink fountain roller with a flat surface on the circumference of the ink collecting cylinder 531 be arranged. For example, a total of five color trains 529 ; 532 be provided, of which, for example, three - z. B. Lower - Color trains 529 as a selective printing color 517 entering color trains 529 (Briefly, selective color strokes 529 ) and the other two - e.g. B. Upper - color trains 532 are conventionally designed (see e.g. 2 B) . In principle, however, a different heterogeneous division and / or positioning of selective and conventional color trains can also be used 529 ; 532 , e.g. B. a lower and an upper color train 532 of five color trains 529 ; 532 conventional and three selective color trains 529 in between, or a homogeneous version with exclusively selective colored lines 529 be provided.

In principle, the inking device 511 as desired on the free, ie not through the nipple 776 to the color relief cylinder 519 or possibly other components covered, circumference with the lateral surface 518 be arranged cooperatively.

In a first version (see e.g. 1a , 2a and 3a) can the inking device 511 but on the one from the color relief cylinder 519 remote side of the color engraving cylinder 512 be arranged. The above line of contact or line of the smallest distance is z. B. on the color relief cylinder 519 remote side.

One in execution of the restraint 526 as a stripping means, in particular a doctor blade, between this and that of the lateral surface 518 of the color engraving cylinder 512 formed contact line or in the execution of the restraint 526 as a color knife, the line of the smallest distance on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder 512 is therefore in this first embodiment for the positioning of the inking device 511 on a peripheral portion of the Color engraving cylinder 512 , the one on the color relief cylinder 519 facing side, especially in the operating direction of rotation D. viewed in front of the line of intersection with the above-mentioned vertical plane. In the case of a line of contact, of course, a touch contact is also to be understood which, viewed in the circumferential direction, has a real width other than zero, e.g. B. has a width of up to 2 mm. In the case of touch contact, this can be done by “grinding in” the squeegee edge through contact with the outer surface 518 caused and / or intended for better sealing.

In an alternative second version (see e.g. 1b , 2 B and 3b) is the inking device 511 on that of the color relief cylinder 519 facing side of the color engraving cylinder 512 arranged. It is under one side of the color engraving cylinder 512 to understand a half-space on one side one through the axis of rotation R512 of the color engraving cylinder 512 running vertical plane.

Where it is for the two above Executions are functionally the same components or component groups, a distinction is not made here in the reference symbols used for this purpose.

The inking cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 and the inking device 511 can be used together with the printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 be provided in a common frame or in a separate frame, for example from the printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 supporting frame different frame 533 ; 538 , e.g. B. Part frame 533 ; 538 , be arranged.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The inking unit frame is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above items and / or designs 533 , 538 divisible trained. It includes a z. B. the at least and the inking device 511 and the color engraving cylinder 512 load-bearing frame 538 , e.g. B. Part frame 538 , with frame walls provided on both sides, which of one or the color relief cylinder 519 and, if applicable, the transfer cylinders 531 supporting frame part is separable and radially, in particular horizontally, movable away or retracted, for example in order to form an operating and / or maintenance space for the operating personnel between them in the open state. This frame part can also be used for the printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 Be the supporting frame part, but is preferred as a merely the inking unit 508 assigned subframe 533 executed, which in turn from a printing unit cylinder 501 ; 503 supporting, preferably spatially fixed subframe radially of the printing unit part 509 , in particular horizontally, can be moved away in order, for example, to form an operating and / or maintenance room for the operating personnel in between in the open state.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The inking device is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above-mentioned items and / or designs 511 , but at least the restraint 526 , e.g. B. stripping means or squeegee or the ink knife, and possibly the limitation of the ink storage space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 , with respect to the relative radial position to the color engraving cylinder 512 adjustable, for example stronger or closer to the lateral surface 518 and less strong or further away from the lateral surface 518 movable (see e.g. indicated schematically by double arrow 534 ). The setting is done by an actuator 551 , e.g. B. via one of the actuator 551 included gear 527 and / or preferably by one of the actuator 551 includes remotely operable drive means 536 . The latter is in an advantageous embodiment as a force-based drive means 536 formed, preferably by a pressure medium-operated actuator 536 , e.g. B. Working cylinder 536 , especially pneumatic cylinders 536 . This can be used in particular in the formation of the restraint 526 As a squeegee, ensure a contact force and / or vary it in a targeted manner by selecting the pressure level. In execution of the restraint 526 as - z. B. at a distance adjustable - color knife can be such a force-based drive means 536 be adjustable against a - preferably adjustable - stop means, for example. This adjusting movement preferably takes place at least in an area close to the cylinder, that is to say, for example, in at least the last 3 mm before reaching the lateral surface 518 , linear or at least approximately linear. For the case of a pivoting movement about a pivoting axis, preferably with a radius of curvature which corresponds to at least twice the diameter of the color engraving cylinder. A movement for which the angle of inclination of the restraint means is in the adjustment range is particularly advantageous 526 or the entire moving arrangement is retained. The movement can be carried out via a guide that defines the movement path 576 be determined which in the drive train between drive means 536 and component to be moved or else forces the component to be moved onto the path of movement parallel to the drive train engaging the component. The angle of inclination of the restraint 526 or the color master space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 limiting parts, e.g. B. in relation to the horizontal, sustaining leadership 576 can e.g. B. as a particular straight linear guide 576 or as a parallelogram guide 576 be provided. The inking device 511 or at least the restraint 526 and the color master space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 forming parts are, for example, medium or directly on a side part 537 , e.g. B. side frame part 537 , especially side panels 537 , accordingly movably mounted, which in turn is fixed to the frame on a frame 538 of the inking unit 508 or preferably on with respect to the axis of rotation R512 of the color engraving cylinder 512 fixed holding means 539 , e.g. B. frontal side panels 539 one with the color engraving cylinder 512 moving underframe, is stored. For the preferable case that the color engraving cylinder 512 z. B. for adjustment purposes or to turn on and off in the radial direction adjustable in the frame 538 of the inking unit 508 is stored, is through the cylinder-fixed, ie with the color engraving cylinder 512 coupled storage of the inking device 511 or the inking device 511 supporting frame part 537 even if the position of the color engraving cylinder changes 512 a constant relative position of restraint means 526 to jacket surface 518 guaranteed. The front side panels 539 can for example be fixed with an outer, non-rotating, but z. B. in turn eccentrically mounted bearing ring of a radial bearing 672 ; 691 be arranged, which has an end-face cylinder pin 559 or a front end 559 one the inking unit cylinder 512 receiving shaft. Such a shaft end will also be differentiated below as a journal, if not explicitly differentiated below 559 or cylinder journal 559 of the color engraving cylinder 512 designated. This, for example, eccentrically designed bearing ring or an outer ring eccentrically receiving this bearing ring is z. B. stored in a frame hole.

The adjusting mechanism and its drive can in principle be designed in such a way that, in addition to setting the position of the restraint means 526 and / or the adjustment force or a distance also a shutdown of the inking device, which is necessary, for example, for maintenance or set-up purposes 511 over a large travel, z. B. at least 50 mm, in particular 100 mm away. In an advantageous embodiment, the inking device is 511 however, e.g. B. on the frame part 537 , from the color engraving cylinder 512 movable away, for example by one on the frame part 537 intended axis 541 pivotable, stored. Moving back and forth can be done manually or by a remote-controlled drive means.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The inking device is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above-mentioned items and / or designs 511 , but at least the restraint 526 , e.g. B. as a scraper or squeegee or as a farm eater, and possibly the limitation of the color storage space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 , in the relative axial position to the color engraving cylinder 512 movably, in particular changeable, for example mounted so as to be movable back and forth between a right reversal position and a left reversal position. This movement corresponds to z. B. in 3a and 3b a movement into or out of the plane of the page and is therefore only indicated by a slightly inclined double arrow 542 and the symbols representing an arrow end and an arrowhead are indicated. This traversing movement is preferably carried out over a total stroke of at least 2 mm, e.g. B. a stroke between 3 to 8 mm, preferably between 4 to 6 mm. The storage of the inking device 511 or at least the restraint 526 , e.g. B. as a stripping means or squeegee or ink knife, and possibly the limitation of the ink storage space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 is designed to allow axial traversing over a stroke of at least 2 mm, e.g. B. to enable a stroke between 3 to 8 mm, preferably between 4 to 6 mm. The axial movement takes place via an axial drive 552 , for example traversing drive 552 , e.g. B. via a traversing drive 552 included gear 528 and / or preferably by a traversing drive 552 includes remotely operable drive means 543 , especially an electric motor 543 . The inking device 511 or at least the restraint 526 , especially the squeegee, and the inking room 516 on the part of the inking device 511 forming parts are for this purpose, for example, on the frame part 537 or the color engraving cylinder 512 supporting frame, frame part or partial frame 538 accordingly axially movable. This mounting, which enables the axial relative movement, can, as explained above, be directly or indirectly on the frame 538 of the inking unit 508 or preferably on a holding means fixed to the cylinder 539 be provided. A frequency for the axial traversing is, for example, between 0.05 and 1.00 Hz, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 Hz.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , but advantageous in connection with one of the above-mentioned positions and / or designs, is a device 544 for axial equalization of the color level in the color sample room 516 , e.g. B. a color distribution device 544 , especially paint stirring device 544 , intended. This includes, for example, at least one as a distributor finger 546 effective paint distributor 546 or in particular paint stirrers 546 that with a front end 553 - at least in the working position in the color master room 516 in particular, extends so far that it has one end 553 in the operational front of the restraint 526 or the squeegee immerses or can immerse the filling level present. The paint distributor 546 the paint distribution device 544 can instead of the immersed end 553 or, preferably, a paint outlet in addition to this 619 include the one on the paint distributor 546 axially in the color template 516 is moved back and forth or is movable and thereby to be supplied printing ink 517 distributed. In operation, the forms in the color sample room 516 Reserved, especially viscous printing ink 517 a so-called. Inking roller, which is located directly in front of the restraint 526 through contact with the shell surface moving past 518 forms. The at least one paint distributor 546 is axially movable, for example, directly or indirectly on the inking device 511 supporting frame 533 ; 538 or preferably on a side part 537 ; 558 the inking device 511 or directly on a cross member that may be provided 547 , e.g. B. Traverse 547 stored. For example, he's on a sled 548 arranged in a linear guide 549 mounted so as to be axially movable and - for example via a gear unit that converts a rotation into a linear movement - by a drive means 581 , e.g. B. an electric motor 581 , movable back and forth. The paint distributor is advantageous 546 moved back and forth at a frequency between at least 0.3 Hz, preferably at least 0.5 Hz.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The color engraving cylinder is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above items and / or designs 512 operationally - ie for example for an exchange or for maintenance and / or armament purposes and / or z. B. without dismantling further inking unit components - removable in the inking unit 08 or its frame 533 ; 538 stored. In one embodiment, this can be a removal in the axial direction of the inking unit cylinder 512 or in another embodiment a removal in the radial direction.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The color engraving cylinder is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above items and / or designs 512 temperature controllable, in particular designed so that temperature control fluid can flow through it.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , but advantageous in connection with one of the above-mentioned positions and / or designs is that of the color master space 516 ink to be fed 517 in the conduction path upstream of an outlet into the paint storage room 516 temperature controllable. For this purpose, for example, a temperature control device is in the line path of the paint supply 604 especially heating device 604 intended.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 The color engraving cylinder is advantageous, however, in connection with one of the above items and / or designs 512 in a preferred embodiment rotatory by its own, driven by the other inking cylinder 519 ; 531 and / or printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 mechanically independent drive means 616 , e.g. B. drive motor 616 drivable.

Without restricting the above-mentioned embodiments and variants, a first exemplary embodiment in which the coloring device is used is further detailed below 511 on the one from the color relief cylinder 519 remote side of the color engraving cylinder 512 is arranged. The restraint acts here 526 z. B., for example as an ink knife or in particular as a squeegee, on the side of the engraving cylinder that rotates upwards during operation 512 with this together. The latter applies in particular to the execution of the inking unit 508 with additional transfer cylinder 531 , especially ink collecting cylinders 531 .

The inking device 511 includes at least one in the operating direction of rotation D. of the wells 513 comprehensive inking cylinder 512 downstream side of the above-mentioned application site or the color sample room 516 the restraint 526 , e.g. B. a doctor blade or an ink knife, through which or which in the operating direction of rotation D. viewed after the paint has been applied - and especially before a sip point 776 with a subsequent inking cylinder 519 - previously on the outer surface 518 applied printing ink 517 is removable. In this version, the restraint is 526 preferably designed as a doctor blade and removed on the lateral surface 518 previously applied ink 517 of unengraved areas in the above sense completely.

The line of contact or in the execution of the restraint 526 as a color knife, the line of the smallest distance on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder 512 is preferably in the area of the upper half, e.g. B. in the range of 10 ° to 30 ° above the horizontal, the color engraving cylinder 512 . The retaining means, preferably designed here as a doctor blade 526 is in a two-part restraint holder 554 , especially squeegee holders 554 , held, in particular clamped, the z. B. On the color space side, a recording bar 556 and on the outside a releasably connected to the former, e.g. B. screwed, cover strip 557 having. The restraint holder 554 , especially the recording bar 556 , can for example run self-supporting and directly, z. B. directly on side panels 537 ; 558 , e.g. B. side frame parts 537 ; 558 such as side panels 537 ; 558 , be stored, but is preferably on or on a cross member 547 , e.g. B. the traverse 547 , arranged, the z. B. on both sides of the front frame parts 537 ; 558 is stored. A part of the recording bar that continues downwards 556 alone or together with the possibly provided traverse 547 or a possibly provided further component forms the rear, ie the color engraving cylinder 512 opposite limitation of the color master space 516 . Down is the color template room 516 In a first variant, open - with the exception of a paint distributor that protrudes into it from below 546 an optionally provided paint distribution device 544 and / or an ink collecting device provided underneath, for example 561 for printing ink that may drip off during operation or afterwards 517 . For example, there is a guide device 563 , e.g. B. a one-part or multi-part the lateral surface 518 straight or almost touching baffle 563 provided which the printing ink 517 to the outer surface 518 leads to from this in the direction of rotation back to the restraint 526 to be transported. A collecting container can be placed underneath 562 , e.g. B. a drip pan 562 for taking, for example, from the paint storage room at a standstill 516 running ink 517 be provided.

From the effective side edge 566 of the restraint 526 , e.g. B. the squeegee edge 566 that of the recording bar 556 at a distance from the color original space is, for example, one extending into the color original space 516 uplifting barrier 564 , e.g. B. Drop barrier 564 , provided through which a runoff of printing ink 517 is counteracted at the rear boundary. This barrier 564 can be done by shaping the mounting bar 556 or with your own, angled bar 564 be educated.

The front is the color sample room 516 through side panels 567 , e.g. B. side panels 567 limited. These side panels 567 , also known as a side seal, close the color master space 516 sideways and have on the color engraving cylinder 512 facing side 568 , e.g. B. Seal side 568 , a profile complementary to the cooperating cylinder peripheral section. This side can thus be positioned against the relevant cylinder circumferential section almost without any gaps. The side panels 567 can be formed from an at least slightly compressible and / or elastic material or on the side effective for sealing 568 a support of a resilient, e.g. B. compressible and / or elastic material. The side panels 567 are z. B. on the front of the mounting strip 556 of the restraint holder 554 and / or on the cross member carrying them 547 arranged, in particular releasably attached. You can move towards the color engraving cylinder 512 movably mounted and z. B. by spring means, e.g. B. compression spring, towards the color engraving cylinder 512 be biased. The two side panels 567 The engravings work directly with the setting position 513 having outer surface 518 or in the case of one of the color engraving cylinder 512 worn, the engravings having color transfer form preferably together with edge areas of this color transfer form.

With the recording bar 556 of the restraint holder 554 and / or with the cross member carrying them 547 can be a holding device 569 be provided on which a possibly to be provided acceptance device, which is described in more detail below 572 arranged, in particular can be arranged releasably.

The the color master space 516 on the part of the inking device 511 immediately surrounding components, e.g. B. at least the restraint holder 554 including restraint 526 , the cross member that may be present 547 , possibly the side panels 567 , a possibly provided acceptance device 572 or holding device 569 for an acceptance device 572 as well as possibly fixed to these components but z. B. for maintenance or set-up purposes detachably arranged further components such. B. further restraint means and / or possibly provided ink knife drives are also used in their entirety below as an ink master unit 571 referred to, especially in connection with a retaining means designed as a paint knife 526 also as a color box 571 .

This color master unit 571 is preferably as a whole from the inking device 511 removable, but advantageously at least within the inking device 511 from one working position to one of the color engraving cylinder 512 Further spaced maintenance or set-up position can be moved away. The color master unit is for this purpose 571 movable, in particular linearly movable, directly on the color engraving cylinder 512 supporting frame, frame part or partial frame 538 or preferably on a side part 537 ; 558 , e.g. B. frame part 537 ; 558 , especially a side panel 537 ; 558 , stored, which in turn directly or indirectly - in turn movable or rigid - on the color engraving cylinder 512 supporting frame, frame part or partial frame 538 is worn. The linearly movable mounting is preferably carried out via a linear guide 573 , e.g. B. dovetail guide 573 .

In an advantageous embodiment already mentioned above, the retaining means is 526 , especially the restraint 526 comprehensive and / or the color master space 516 limiting color master unit 571 by an actuator 551 with z. B. a drive means 536 and / or a transmission 527 , in his or her radial position relative to the color engraving cylinder 512 adjustable, in particular on and off this, formed. The drive means 536 is in an advantageous embodiment as a force-based drive means 536 designed, preferably as a pressure medium-actuated working cylinder 536 , especially pneumatic cylinders 536 . This can be used in particular in the formation of the restraint 526 As a squeegee, ensure a certain contact force and / or vary it in a targeted manner by selecting the pressure level. In execution of the restraint 526 as - z. B. at a distance adjustable - color knife can be such a force-based drive means 536 the restraint 526 or the color master unit 571 for example against a - preferably adjustable - stop means adjustable. Although in an advantageous embodiment this is also done via a linear guide 576 or, if necessary, can also be realized by pivoting about a pivot axis, a parallelogram guide is particularly preferred in connection with a possible traversing movement for the radially movable mounting 576 intended. This is at least the restraint 526 comprehensive color master unit 571 the color master unit on both sides or one each 571 or the restraint 526 in the above sense relatively movably mounted side part 558 on each two - in particular in the manner of two opposite sides of a parallelogram extending - swing 574 stored. These two wings 574 grip the the restraint 526 supporting color master unit 571 or on the restraint holder 554 on two at different distances from the color engraving cylinder 512 standing places and can be pivoted about pivot axes that are correspondingly spaced from one another. On the frame side, they can be pivoted about the respective pivot axes at the same distance as above, the distance between the pivot axes on the respective rocker 574 for both wings 574 is a self.

The wings 574 are for example in the event that the restraint 526 or the color master unit comprising this 571 are designed to be axially movable or changeable, preferably as elastically deformable rockers 574 , e.g. B. formed as a sheet metal strip.

The swing arms can be on the frame side 574 directly on the color engraving cylinder 512 supporting frame, frame part or partial frame 538 , or on an indirectly with such a frame, frame part or sub-frame 538 connected, one-part or multi-part side or frame part 537 be stored. The wings are preferred 574 frame side on that one-part or multi-part side or frame part 537 stored, on which the actuating movement causing the drive means 536 attacks frame side. As a drive means 536 is possibly an electric motor, but preferably a pressure-medium-operated working cylinder 536 , especially pneumatic cylinders 536 , intended. In the event that the aforementioned axial mobility or traversing is provided, the drive means is coupled on the drive side 536 to the color master unit 571 or the restraint holder 554 via an articulated connection 577 , e.g. B. via a ball joint head 577 .

The color engraving cylinder 512 and the inking device 511 can be done directly on the printing unit frame or on the relevant sub-frame 538 (533) be arranged. In an advantageous development, they are on the side parts 578 one the color engraving cylinder 512 and the inking device 511 bearing underframe, which - for example via sliding or roller bearings in particular - as a unit, in particular along a horizontal direction, on guides 579 movable, for example movable, in particular with the color engraving cylinder 512 to the downstream inking unit cylinder 519 can be switched on or off from this.

In an advantageous version with changeable or changeable retaining means 526 or changeable or changeable color master unit 571 is basically an axial drive 552 an axially acting linear drive, e.g. B. an electric motor rotated and reversible in the direction of rotation spindle drive, in particular a ball screw drive, or a linear motor reversible in the direction of movement can be provided. In a preferred embodiment here, the axial drive takes place via a rotation of an electric motor 543 executed drive means 543 into a linear movement converting gear 528 . This includes, for example, a rotatable, with an axis of rotation z. B. perpendicular to the desired axial direction eccentric 583 which in a recess 584 engages, which is fixed at a transverse direction or at least rigidly with the retaining means holder 554 connected component is provided. The latter can be an extension, for example 586 , e.g. B. a tab 586 , be that on the color original unit 571 directly or - in the case of the above-mentioned removability - on which the color master unit 571 radially movable side part 558 is arranged. The recess 584 has a clear width, viewed in the axial direction, which corresponds to the outer diameter of the eccentric disk 583 equals or is slightly larger. A larger clear width is provided perpendicular to this, for example, which is at least the diameter of the eccentric disk 583 plus double the eccentricity. The eccentric disc 583 can by the electric motor 581 directly, or via a gearbox 587 , e.g. B. here a corner gear 587 , be driven.

In an advantageous embodiment with the above-mentioned color distribution device 544 , comprises the inking device 511 one of the above facilities 544 for axial color distribution and / or equalization with an in the axial direction of the color engraving cylinder 512 considered (see e.g. double arrow 588 ) axially movably mounted paint distributor 546 . The at least one paint distributor 546 , e.g. B. Distributor finger 546 , here is for example a slide 548 at one - z. B. of the above traverse 547 various - cross members 589 , e.g. B. another traverse 589 , axially movable, which in turn each on the front side directly or indirectly on the inking device 511 supporting frame 533 ; 538 or preferably on a side part 537 ; 558 the inking device 511 is stored. The paint distributor 546 the paint distribution device 544 can instead of the immersed end 553 or, preferably, a paint outlet in addition to this 619 include the one on the paint distributor 546 axially in the color template 516 is moved back and forth or is movable and thereby the printing ink to be supplied 517 evenly distributed axially.

The - here z. B. only one - paint distributor 546 is on a sled 548 arranged in a linear guide 549 axially movably mounted and - for example via a rotation converting a linear movement 582 - by a drive means 581 , e.g. B. an electric motor 581 , movable back and forth. The gear 582 is here preferably as a gear that transforms a rotation into a linear movement 582 , in particular a traction mechanism 582 executed. It includes a - preferably circumferential - traction means 591 , e.g. B. a toothed belt 591 on which of the in or on the tour 549 , especially linear guide 549 , mounted slide 548 is fixed in such a way that this is the axially moved traction means 591 or the strand of a revolving traction mechanism 591 follows, on which it - is fixed - preferably releasably. Here is the traction mechanism 591 for example clamped to a block that is fixed to the slide. On the sledge 548 For example, rollers are provided which interact with lateral, axially extending guides. The traction device 591 is for example by a - z. B. by the traction mechanism 591 partially wrapped drive wheel 592 , e.g. B. pulley 592 , drivable or driven. This is through the electric motor 581 driven or drivable directly or via a transmission.

The control of the movement reversal can, for example, be via a contactless sensor 617 , e.g. B. a proximity switch 617 respectively. In addition, an emergency stop switching element 618 , e.g. B. designed as a mechanically operated emergency stop switch 618 , be provided, which is at the end of the slide 548 or one with the sledge 548 axially moving component is provided in its movement path.

The distributor finger 546 can in the area of its front end, which is effective for distributing 553 , e.g. B. a stirring head, 553, several stirring elements 593 include, which for example in the manner of paddling or as - z. B. multi-row - arrangement of prongs can be formed.

In an advantageous one embodiment of an above-mentioned color distribution device 544 comprehensive coloring device 511 this comprises a sensor device 594 , by which a measure for the in the color master space 516 present amount of paint and / or fill level, but at least information about the reaching of a critical fill level, e.g. B. for a lower and / or an upper limit value of the level, can be derived.

For this purpose, includes an intermediate slide 548 and agitator head 553 lying arm a section 596 , which is designed with a lower transverse rigidity in the axial direction compared to other arm sections. In particular, this section is 596 executed with such a reduced rigidity in the transverse direction, so that the arm in this section 596 in working position with axial movement at operating speed and adequately filled ink reservoir 516 - at least in the axially central movement section and / or at maximum axial speed - undergoes a significant elastic bending. In this section 596 is on at least one side pointing in the axial direction, preferably on both sides, a sensor which extends in the longitudinal direction of the arm and detects an expansion and / or compression 597 , e.g. B. Strain gauges 597 , intended. The strain gauge (s) 597 load-bearing section 596 can by a bar-like taper 598 include opposite arm sections. The area of rejuvenation 598 can be made with compressible and / or elastic fillers 599 be filled. In principle, the arrangement of one or more such sensors 597 in a simple design - possibly with losses in accuracy - can also be provided on an arm of homogeneous cross section.

The sensor device 594 or the strain gauge (s) 597 is or are functionally connected in terms of signaling to evaluation and / or control means (not shown).

In normal operation, ie when the fill level is sufficient, the supplies in the color storage room 516 present printing ink 517 for the paint dispenser which is in the working position and which fluctuates at operating speed 546 a certain resistance, which results in a certain, operationally desired bending and thus a certain signal. It lacks the color template room 516 now on printing ink 517 , the resistance decreases and the signal representing the strain changes accordingly. A lower limit can be determined empirically, for example. Although an evaluation of the current fill level via a correlation of the signals with the fill level over a range is conceivable, in a simpler embodiment a monitoring for reaching a limit value is provided, upon reaching a warning and / or preferably a refilling of a certain amount of printing ink 517 he follows. For this purpose, the evaluation and / or control means relating to the fill level can be equipped with an actuating and / or conveying device 601 , e.g. B. a Valve or preferably a pump 601 , be effectively connected, through which printing ink 517 from a paint reservoir 602 , e.g. B. a paint tank 602 , in the color master room 516 is fundable. The promotion takes place z. B. via a line system with at least one flexible and / or at least one rigid line section 603 .

Basically, the supply of the printing ink 517 in the color master room 516 on one, e.g. B. central location or at several axially spaced locations stationary. This, for example, in particular also for the case that no above-mentioned color distribution device 544 is provided. In an advantageous embodiment, the paint is supplied through the line system via a paint storage room 516 opening color outlet 619 axially in the color master space 516 is moved back and forth or is movable. In execution with color distribution device 544 becomes the paint outlet 619 preferably with the paint distributor 553 moved and is especially on the paint distributor 553 arranged. The one to the paint outlet 619 or at least to a connection point on the slide 548 leading line section 603 can be flexible or, as set out here, rigid. In the case of a rigid design, at least one oscillating part of the line system, in particular the aforementioned line section 603 , can be on the side of the frame 538 a frame construction 621 be provided which has an upstream flexible line section 622 leads and / or offers protection of the operating personnel from collision.

In an advantageous embodiment, the feed system, in particular in the line system, comprises a temperature control device 604 through which the printing ink 517 can be tempered to a constant and / or desired operating temperature. In principle, this can be used anywhere in the conveying path between the paint reservoir 602 and paint leakage point, e.g. B. Color outlet 619 , in the color master room 516 be provided and designed in any way. However, it is preferred here as a heating device based on electrical resistance 604 or a heater based on electromagnetic induction 604 formed and / or is in a - preferably rigid - line section 603, z. B. integrated into the cable jacket. An advantageous embodiment comprises, for example, a tubular sleeve made of ferrous material, which can be excited by a coil winding and which is arranged directly or via a non-magnetic and / or thermally highly conductive sleeve, e.g. B. a copper sleeve that forms the actual line itself or surrounds such. The line section 603 and / or an end of the temperature control device near the exit side 604 is preferably close in the delivery system, e.g. B. less than twice the length 1639 of a cylinder barrel 639 of the color engraving cylinder 512 removed, provided for paint leakage.

Particularly advantageous for an embodiment in which the restraint means 526 on the side of the color engraving cylinder that turns upwards during operation 512 cooperating with this, but not only for such, precautions are taken that are on the downstream side of the edge 566 of the restraint 526 , e.g. B. the squeegee edge 566 , no or at least a larger amount of printing ink 517 collects. This can for example be a measure according to which the restraint means 526 on its downstream side, at least in an area close to the edge, an ink-repellent, e.g. B. oleophobic surface layer, e.g. B. has coating.

Instead or in addition to this, there is, for example, an acceptance device 572 provided, through which, if necessary, on the downstream side of the edge 566 of the restraint 526 , e.g. B. the squeegee edge 566 , collecting ink 517 can be removed from this, in particular is removable. Due to the highly viscous nature of the printing ink 517 can this - z. B. even when hired as a squeegee retaining means 526 - little by little under the edge 566 step through and accumulate on the other side. This can also be done by conveying in the engravings 513 be justified. Removing from the downstream side of the edge 566 can basically be done in different ways. For example, from the acceptance device 572 a blowing device directed towards the downstream edge region, e.g. B. a so-called. Air sword, be included, through which otherwise accumulating printing ink 517 continuously or clocked on the outer surface 518 blown and so always transported away in small quantities.

In an advantageous embodiment shown here, the removal device comprises 572 a - preferably over at least the entire width of the restraint means 526 and / or through the side panels 567 frontally limited color space 516 extending - cleaning tape 606 which is adjacent to the downstream edge 566 of the restraint 526 at a short distance from the outer surface 518 of the color engraving cylinder 512 , e.g. B. less than 10 mm, e.g. B. less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm apart, is guided past this or can be guided past. The distance from the edge is 566 viewed in the direction of rotation z. B. also less than 10 mm, e.g. B. less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3 mm. The fresh cleaning tape is preferred 606 from a supply 608 taken, e.g. B. a role 608 handled, possibly via one or more deflection elements 611 , e.g. B. pulleys 611 , in the angle between the lateral surface 518 and downstream side of the retention means 526 brought up there by a - preferably wedge-like dipping into the angle - deflection element 607, z. B. Guide wedge 607 , deflected, and possibly via one or more deflection elements 612 , e.g. B. pulleys 612 in one shot 609 collected, e.g. B. on a role 609 is wound up. As a cleaning tape 606 is preferably an at least slightly absorbent cleaning tape 606 , especially a paper web 606 , intended. The above elements of the acceptance device 572 are preferably in a common frame 613 arranged, which for example as a whole from the inking device 511 removable, e.g. B. from the above holding device 569 - For example, after opening a possibly provided holding and / or locking device 614 - is removable.

In a variant for the inking device 511 - shown by way of example on and particularly advantageous, but not only for the first exemplary embodiment - is the color master space 516 in operation, ie in the position of the restraint means on the downstream side 526 also on the upstream side by at least one further retaining means, preferably designed as a doctor blade 623 essentially completely closed. In this case, in execution of the further restraint means 623 as a wiper or squeegee, preferably touch contact or a small distance, e.g. B. less than 50 microns, be present or be provided.

In one version of the color sample room closed on both sides 526 can this as a chamber in a chamber doctor blade 627 between downstream restraint means 526 , e.g. B. as a working doctor blade, and the upstream retaining means 623 , e.g. B. be designed as a closing squeegee (see e.g. 15th ). This chamber doctor blade 627 can for example run self-supporting and directly, z. B. directly on side panels 537 ; 558 , e.g. B. side frame parts 537 ; 558 such as side panels 537 ; 558 , be stored, but is preferably on or on a cross member mentioned above 547 , e.g. B. the traverse 547 , arranged, the z. B. on both sides of the front frame parts 537 ; 558 stored.

In addition to this, upstream of the upstream restraint means 623 a guidance device 624 , e.g. B. a baffle 624 , to the outer surface 518 be employed or employable. This is used, for example, to collect and divert the printing ink in the chamber 517 after turning off the chamber doctor blade 627 and is for example via an adjusting mechanism 626 even to the outer surface 518 can be switched on and off from this.

Basically independent of the special design of the printing machine or printing unit 500 , the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 or their embodiments and variants, but preferably in connection with one of the stated embodiments, embodiments and variants are the engravings 513 as already mentioned in a first - z. B. particularly advantageous in terms of easy handling - execution on the color engraving cylinder 512 , for example directly on the outer surface effective to the outside 518 of the set up color engraving cylinder 512 , provided, in particular directly on this outer jacket surface 518 manufactured or engraved and / or arranged inextricably on this.

The engravings 513 basically directly in the area of a z. B. metallic cylinder surface 631 one z. B. supporting, made of a metallic material, such as. B. a steel, executed cylinder body 628 , for example the cylinder surface 631 one as a full cylinder 628 executed, in particular from a metallic material, preferably made of steel, formed cylinder body 628 or a single or outer cylinder wall, in particular made of a metallic material, preferably steel 629 one z. B. as a one-piece or multi-part wooden cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 be executed. The above, the depressions 513 or engravings 513 supporting and / or effective jacket surface for the transfer of paint 518 is thus in this embodiment by the outer, z. B. metallic cylinder surface 631 of the cylinder body 628 self-trained (see e.g. 18th ). An engraving of such a cylindrical surface made of metallic material 631 can, for example, take place in the same way that is also used in the production of gravure printing forms, which are preferably designed with a metallic surface 504 for the forme cylinder 503 come into use.

A metallic or metallic material is here, unless otherwise specifically specified, generally all for the production of such cylinder bodies 628 eligible metals and metal alloys, such as. B. steels, in particular cast, structural or possibly tool steels, be understood.

The engravings are preferred 513 but not directly on the metal on the cylinder surface 631 provided, but in an outward-facing surface 632 one directly or indirectly on the cylinder body 628 , e.g. B. as a cylinder body 628 , planned or foreseeable shift 633 , hereinafter e.g. B. also as an active or top layer 633 designated. This layer 633 is preferably solid, ie operationally not releasable, z. B. via adhesion, on the cylinder surface 631 , short outer surface 631 , arranged, for example cohesively connected to this. It extends to the color engraving cylinder 512 z. B. axially at least over the maximum through the printing unit 500 width to be printed, in short maximum print width, and / or the maximum through the color engraving cylinder 512 intended for coloring width z. B. over a width of 750 to 1,000 mm, in particular between 800 mm and 950 mm, and in the circumferential direction over at least one printing length, preferably over the entire circumference. The above, the depressions 513 or engravings 513 supporting and / or effective jacket surface for the transfer of paint 518 is or will be in this embodiment through the outward-facing surface 632 , e.g. B. lateral surface 632 that is on the cylinder body 628 provided shift 633 trained (see e.g. 18th , 19th , 20th ).

The layer 633 preferably has a hard surface with z. B. a Vickers hardness VH of at least 800 HV 10 , advantageously more than 1000 HV 10 , preferably at least 1100 HV 10 , on and / or a small porosity with z. B. a porosity of at most 5%, preferably less than 3%, in particular less than 2%, and / or an elasticity according to Young of for example between 30 to 70 GPa, preferably from 40 to 60 GPa, and / or a Poisson's ratio of z. B. 0.20 to 0.30 Poisson and / or a fracture toughness of e.g. B. 4.0 to 5.0 MPa * m ^½ and / or a tear strength of at least 40 MPa, preferably at least 45 MPa.

The layer is preferred 633 as a ceramic layer 633 , ie made of a ceramic material - in particular with one or more of the properties mentioned above - formed. The implementation of the ceramic material as technical ceramic is advantageous. The ceramic is preferably designed as oxide ceramic, particularly advantageously as chromium oxide (Cr ₂ O ₃ ). The ceramic layer 633 is or is preferred as a coating 633 by a plasma spraying process or a flame spraying process on the cylinder surface 631 or an intermediate layer that may be provided on this 636 upset.

The fat d633 , e.g. B. Layer thickness d633 , the - in particular ceramic - formed layer 633 amounts to unengraved areas or areas without a depression 513 or engravings 513 for example to a maximum of 350 μm, advantageously to a maximum of 200 μm, preferably to 160 ± 20 μm

The layer 633 can directly on the cylinder surface 631 arranged, in particular applied, or possibly as an outer layer 633 , ie the active or top layer effective for the transfer of color 633 , a multi-layer structure 634 be provided.

If advantageous, between the cylinder surface area 631 and the wells 513 or engravings 513 having top or active layer 633 an intermediate layer 636 , e.g. B. a substrate serving for better adhesion 636 , briefly detention underground 636 , be provided. As such an intermediate layer 636 can, in particular at least in the execution of the layer 633 directly on the cylinder body 628 for example a CrNi or Al coating 636 , e.g. B. with a layer thickness d636 from 0.03 to 0.08 mm can be provided.

In a second, also already mentioned - z. B. particularly advantageous with regard to the use of materials and / or the costs - execution are the engravings 513 or recesses 513 - basically independent of the special design of the printing machine or printing unit 500 , the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 or their embodiments and variants, but preferably in connection with one of the stated embodiments, embodiments and variants - on the outward-facing surface 632 a color transfer form 637 provided in the form of a circumferentially closed ink transfer molding sleeve 637 , in the following also synonymous with short sleeve 637 designated, formed and on the cylinder surface 631 of the cylinder body 628 can be arranged (see e.g. 21st , 22nd and 23 ). Such a sleeve 637 can in principle be designed in one layer, the cylindrical wall in this case solely through the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the outward-facing surface 632 , e.g. B. lateral surface 632 , having and / or layer effective for color transfer 633 is formed. This layer 633 can in principle by any, but preferably abrasion-resistant material such. B. a metallic or preferably a ceramic material.

However, a multilayer design of the sleeve is particularly preferable 637 , for example with a carrier layer 638 which on its outer circumference directly or indirectly form the depressions 513 or engravings 513 having and / or effective for the color transfer, preferably ceramic, layer 633 , e.g. B. Top or active layer 633 , wearing. The carrier layer 638 can be the inner layer of the sleeve 637 train or possibly with a further inner layer, for. B. protective or sliding layer provided.

The the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the outward-facing surface 632 , e.g. B. lateral surface 632 , having and / or layer effective for color transfer 633 is preferably comparable to the layer already specified in more detail above 633 executed. It preferably has a hard surface with z. B. a Vickers hardness VH of at least 800 HV 10 , advantageously more than 1000 HV 10 , preferably at least 1100 HV 10 , on and / or a small porosity with z. B. a porosity of at most 5%, preferably less than 3%, in particular less than 2%, and / or an elasticity according to Young of, for example, between 30 and 70 GPa, preferably from 40 to 60 GPa, and / or a Poisson's ratio of e.g. B. 0.20 to 0.30 Poisson and / or a fracture toughness of e.g. B. 4.0 to 5.0 MPa * m ^½ and / or a tear strength of at least 40 MPa, preferably at least 45 MPa.

The layer is preferred 633 also here as a ceramic layer 633 , ie made of a ceramic material - in particular with one or more of the properties mentioned above - formed. The implementation of the ceramic material as technical ceramic is advantageous. The ceramic is preferably designed as oxide ceramic, particularly advantageously as chromium oxide (Cr ₂ O ₃ ). The ceramic layer 633 is or is preferred as a coating 633 by a plasma spray process or a flame spray process on the outer surface 632 the carrier layer 638 or an intermediate layer that may be provided on this 636 upset.

The fat d633 , e.g. B. Layer thickness d633 , the - in particular ceramic - formed layer 633 amounts to unengraved areas or areas without a depression 513 or engravings 513 for example to a maximum of 350 μm, advantageously to a maximum of 200 μm, preferably to 160 ± 20 μm.

The carrier layer 638 can in principle by any material, e.g. B. a metallic material, but is in a preferred embodiment by a carbon fiber material, in particular a carbon fiber composite material such. B. CFRP trained. The layer thickness d638 is advantageously less than 5 mm, in particular less than 4 mm, advantageously in the range from 2.0 mm to 3.5 mm, preferably from 2.5 mm to 3.0 mm. The carrier layer preferably has 638 in the circumferential direction a modulus of elasticity of less than 65 GPa, in particular less than 45 GPa, preferably less than 30 GPa.

There is preferably between the carrier layer formed for example by a carbon fiber material 638 and the wells 513 or engravings 513 and / or preferably metallic intermediate layer which is effective for the transfer of color 636 , a z. B. the better adhesion serving, preferably metallic, substrate 636 , intended. This intermediate layer 636 is in an advantageous embodiment through one layer 636 Aluminum, e.g. B. with a layer thickness d636 from 0.10 mm to 0.35 mm, in particular 0.20 mm to 0.25 mm.

An overall thickness of the sleeve 637 preferably amounts to 3.0 to 5 mm, in particular 4.0 ± 0.2 mm.

In one - z. B. with regard to the thermal conductivity advantageous - alternative design of the sleeve 637 is the backing layer 638 formed from a metallic material on which directly or optionally via an intermediate layer 636 , e.g. B. CrNi or Al layer, indirectly the wells 513 or engravings 513 on the outward-facing surface 632 , e.g. B. lateral surface 632 , having and / or effective for the color transfer, preferably ceramic, layer 633 is provided.

When producing one - in the above-mentioned way directly or indirectly - with a ceramic layer 633 provided cylinder body 628 or a backing layer 638 comprehensive sleeves 637 becomes the cylinder body 628 or a sleeve-shaped cylindrical carrier layer 638 , e.g. B. as a blank formed by a sleeve-shaped body - possibly after first an above-mentioned intermediate layer 636 was applied - with a ceramic layer 633 , e.g. B. with a relative to the above, to be provided for the operational state thickness d633 greater layer thickness d633 , provided, in particular coated, by, for example, a plasma spray process or a flame spray process. Then the blank, possibly coated in excess, z. B. coated cylinder body 628 or sleever blank, ground to the desired outer diameter. Such an outer diameter is z. B. between 260 and 300 mm, in particular from 270 to 290 mm. The coated cylinder body, possibly ground to the desired diameter 628 or sleeve 637 will then with the wells 513 or engravings 613 Mistake. This is preferably done using a laser. This is advantageously a laser with a lying in the near, especially short-wave infrared range, z. B. between 950 and 1,200 nm, preferably at 1,064 ± 20 nm lying maximum radiation. It is designed, for example, to provide a preferably pulsed beam with a preferably adjustable beam cross section of 10 to 15 μm and / or a focal length of 70 to 90 μm and / or with a repetition rate of 400 to 600 kHz in the area of the focus.

The one with the shift 633 provided cylinder body 628 , e.g. B. together with this possibly already encompassed or to be provided end-side pin 559 , forms after making the indentations 513 or engravings 513 the ready-to-use color engraving cylinder 512 with those on its outer surface 518 provided wells 513 or engravings 513 out. In the version already mentioned above, in which the color engraving cylinder 512 in the inking unit 508 or its frame 533 ; 538 is stored removably during operation, is the color engraving cylinder 512 - For example, for a new print job or to replace one in the area of the shift 633 worn color engraving cylinder 512 - against a new one, e.g. B. completely new or revised, color engraving cylinders 512 exchangeable or removable after completion of a production.

In the second version, after which the depressions 513 or engravings 513 having layer 633 of one as an ink transfer mold sleeve 637 , e.g. B. Sleeve 637 , trained color transfer form 637 is included, is the cylinder body preferably made of steel 628 or its cylinder wall, preferably made of steel 629 for the formation of a ready-to-use color engraving cylinder 512 with which the wells 513 or engravings 513 on its lateral surface 518 comprehensive sleeve 637 to equip or to remove such at the end of production or to change production.

In an embodiment mentioned above, the color engraving cylinder 512 in the inking unit 508 or its frame 533 ; 538 is stored removably during operation, is the color engraving cylinder 512 or the unequipped cylinder body 628 - for example to set up a new print job or to replace a worn sleeve 637 - from the inking unit 508 removable. For equipping with or pulling on a new sleeve 637 , becomes the color engraving cylinder 512 z. B. on the inking unit 508 taken. Possibly. after the cylinder body 628 from a previously worn sleeve 637 is released on the cylinder body 628 the new sleeve 637 raised. This is preferably done by pulling on a sleeve 637 supporting funds provided.

In a first embodiment, the cylinder body comprises 628 than pulling on a sleeve 637 supporting means in the area of the cylinder surface 631 one or more outlet openings 641 ; 644 , e.g. B. Blow holes 641 ; 644 , which at least for removing or putting on a sleeve 637 a pressurized fluid, in particular compressed air, can be acted upon from the inside via a line system. In this case, it is preferred in at least one section of the cylinder base body close to one end face 628 at least one first - in particular near the front - outlet opening 641 or first group of circumferentially distributed or spaced apart - preferably lying on the same circumferential line - outlet openings 641 provided, through which - z. B. to pull on a new sleeve 637 - One with its front end over the at least one first outlet opening 641 or first group of outlet openings 641 pushed ink transfer mold sleeve 637 when pressure is applied from the inside, a force directed radially outward is or can be applied. This first outlet opening 641 or group is, for example, viewed in the axial direction, at most by ± 10 mm from the lateral edge of the cylinder section of constant cylinder body diameter that can be used for coloring D628 spaced. This section can - at least on the side from which the sleeve 637 should be raised - already in the area of the front edge of the cylinder barrel 639 or right next to an end cap 662 begin.

However, the cylinder barrel is preferred 639 with a length greater than the maximum length provided for inking and / or greater than the maximum printing width 1639 and on the side from which sleeves can be pulled up 637 should take place, beveled in the area of its bale edge. For this purpose, it preferably has on this side in the area of the end face a diameter that is smaller than the above-mentioned nominal diameter, which diameter extends over an axial section 642 away from the front end to the beginning of a maximum width intended for use for coloring at the longest, grows steadily to the full nominal diameter. The increase can take place linearly with increasing axial distance from the front edge and against the section of constant target diameter z. B. be inclined at an angle of 0.5 ° to 2 °. This enables the sleeve to be placed at the end 637 on the cylinder surface 631 simplified. Preferably the first outlet opening is 641 or group of outlet openings 641 in the transition area between the axial section 642 arranged with increasing diameter and the constant target diameter. A channel running in the circumferential direction can provide support 643 be provided, in which the first the first outlet opening 641 or the outlet openings 641 join the first group. This promotes washing underneath the end of the sleeve to be attached and - at least slightly - expanding the sleeve 637 reached.

It is preferably spaced apart from the first outlet opening in the axial direction 641 or first group, e.g. B. in a central ball area, e.g. B. in the range between one and three quarters, in particular between two and three fifths of the barrel length, at least one second outlet opening 644 or preferably a second group of a plurality of outlet openings distributed in the circumferential direction or spaced apart from one another - preferably lying on the same circumferential line 644 intended.

In the area of the side that is used for pulling the sleeve 637 is opposite, a stop means can in an advantageous development 649 be provided, which radially over the above section of constant cylinder body diameter D628 protrudes. This sling 649 is, for example, due to a cylinder body diameter that is constant over the lateral surface in the area of the end face D628 uplifting, all-round paragraph 649 educated.

The first outlet 641 or group of outlet openings 641 and the beneficial provided second outlet opening 644 or group of outlet openings 644 are through at least one in the cylinder body 628 , e.g. B. axially extending supply line 646 ; 647 can be supplied with pressure fluid, in particular compressed air. A single, respective or common entry point 648 in the cylinder body 628 for supplying the outlet openings 641 ; 644 with pressure fluid is preferably in the area of the end face or in the area of a pin 559 intended. As an entry point 648 is z. B. a coupling piece 646 for compressed air, for example in the form of a valve coupling 648 , intended. In the case of a first and a second outlet opening 641 ; 644 or first and second group of outlet openings 641 ; 644 are for this z. B. separately axially extending supply lines 646 ; 647 provided, which over a same in the cylinder body 628 leading entry point 648 can be supplied.

Such outlet openings 641 ; 644 and supply lines 646 ; 647 can in the outer cylinder wall 629 one as a hollow cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 (see e.g. 25th ) or in the near-surface area, e.g. B. closer to the circumference than to the cylinder axis, a full cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 (see e.g. 26th ) be provided.

When pulling on a sleeve 637 is in the execution with the pulling of a sleeve 637 supporting means the outlet opening near the front 641 or group of outlet openings 641 pressurized fluid, in particular compressed air, is applied to the sleeve 537 with its one end leading over the front end onto the cylinder body 628 pushed, the out of the exhaust port 641 or group of outlet openings 641 escaping compressed air under the sleeve 637 an air cushion and / or the sleeve 637 at least in the above the outlet opening 641 or group of outlet openings 641 lying circumferential section slightly, z. B. by at least 5 microns, in particular at least 10 microns in diameter. Is - as in an advantageous embodiment - a second, z. B. aforementioned outlet opening 644 or group of outlet openings 644 provided, this is also acted upon with pressure fluid at the same time or successively to the first, with already up to this outlet opening 644 or group of outlet openings 644 axially pushed sleeve 637 the fluid cushion is renewed and / or another slight expansion takes place.

Before that, the basic cylinder body is or has been 628 for example from the inking unit 508 taken, at its other front end, z. B. on the cylinder pin 559 , fixed on a holding device in such a way that the sleeve 637 undisturbed on the cylinder body 628 can be pushed into its end position. Also a connection between a pressurized fluid source, e.g. B. compressed air source, to the entry point 648 in the cylinder body 628 manufactured.

If a sleeve has to be removed before loading 637 was wound up, this sleeve will 637 withdrawn from the cylinder body 628 - for example fixed in the above-mentioned holding direction - while at least one, in particular at least the outlet opening located in the central area 644 ; 641 , preferably all outlet openings 641 ; 644 with pressurized fluid, preferably compressed air, is or are applied.

After the cylinder body 628 with a (new) sleeve 637 is or has been equipped, the color engraving cylinder that may have been removed for this is used 512 back into the inking unit 508 used.

In one version with to the outlet openings 641 ; 644 alternative, the mounting of a sleeve 637 supporting means comprises the hollow cylinder 628 executed cylinder body 628 inside the outer cylinder wall 629 at least one first, preferably rotationally symmetrical body as a supporting means 664 , for example a first sleeve 664 , e.g. B. first tubular sleeve 664 that are directly or indirectly outward with their outside on the inside of the cylinder wall 629 supports. In a preferred embodiment, it is supported on the inside with the inside directly or indirectly on the outside of a second, preferably rotationally symmetrical body 666 , e.g. B. a second sleeve 666 , for example, the second tubular sleeve 666 , from. The first body 664 is relative to the outer cylinder wall 629 , in an advantageous embodiment between the outer wall and the second body 666 , arranged axially movable. In an advantageous embodiment, the first is, in particular, as a sleeve 664 trained body 664 on both end faces with a space that can be acted upon by pressurized fluid 667 ; 668 , e.g. B. pressure chamber 667 ; 558 in operative connection, through the alternating application of which an axial movement - in the manner of a two-chamber piston system - is effected or can be effected in one direction or the other.

At least one side of the first, in particular rotationally symmetrical, body 666 and the side of the adjacent component facing this side, namely preferably the cylinder wall 629 or the possibly provided second, in particular rotationally symmetrical, body 666 , are conical in opposite directions on the sides facing each other, that is, each with a constantly varying radius in the axial direction, and act in the manner of a wedge drive when moving axially towards each other with a movement component and / or force application resulting in the radial direction. With appropriate Dimensioning the wall thickness of the inner body 664 and a relatively weaker cylinder wall 629 , the latter becomes when the pressure chamber that causes the two conical surfaces to move towards one another, in particular pushing them into one another, is applied 668 - at least slightly - elastically expanded radially. Conversely, when the conical surfaces are moved apart by the action of the pressure chamber causing the moving apart 667 the radial on the cylinder wall 629 acting force reduced, whereby the previously elastically expanded cylinder wall 629 returns to its less or even unloaded radius.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inside of the cylinder wall is 629 and the outside of the first sleeve 664 designed with conical outer surface running in opposite directions. With a correspondingly stiff first sleeve 664 , the fixed mounting of this sleeve 664 on a first end cap 662 ; 663 , the fixed mounting of the cylinder wall 629 on the other end cap 663 ; 662 and an arrangement of the pressure chamber relating to the first end face 668 than from the front with the outer cylinder wall 629 cooperating, the second sleeve 666 omitted.

In a preferred embodiment, the pressurized fluid here is a liquid under excess pressure, in particular an oil under excess pressure, and / or one with the cylinder body 628 A pressurized fluid source that can be connected via corresponding lines and a connection is provided. The components in question are hydraulically displaced axially against one another.

Pulling up a sleeve 637 , possibly with prior removal of a previously worn sleeve 637 takes place, for example, in the same way as it is in connection with the outlet opening (s) 641 ; 644 trained means for support was set out, but with the difference that for pulling up and removing the pressure chamber causing a pulling apart 667 is applied and to fix the sleeve that has been drawn on 637 the pressure chamber causing the mutual movement 668 is acted upon with pressure fluid, in particular with oil under excess pressure. The pressure chambers 667 ; 668 are previously connected to a pressure fluid source, in particular an oil hydraulic pump, for this purpose.

Basically independent of the special design of the printing machine or printing unit 500 , the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , their embodiments and variants and / or the previously presented embodiments, embodiments and variants for the type of arrangement of the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 and / or pulling on a sleeve 637 supporting means, but preferably in connection with one of the mentioned designs, embodiments and variants is the color engraving cylinder 512 , especially its cylinder body 628 , in a particularly advantageous embodiment temperature controllable, in particular designed so that temperature control fluid can flow through it.

For this purpose, it points to one of its end faces, in particular coaxially to the axis of rotation R512 running, a temperature control medium inflow 651 and on the other or preferably the same end face, in particular coaxial with the axis of rotation R512 running, a temperature control medium return flow 652 . Inflow and return flow take place here, for example, in line sections that are coaxial with one another 651 ; 652 and / or via a rotary lead-in.

Inside the cylinder barrel 639 of the color engraving cylinder 512 or cylinder body 628 can the temperature control fluid - z. B. depending on the structure of the cylinder body 628 - be managed in different ways. So can when training the cylinder body 628 as a hollow cylinder 628 for example, an extensive space between a cylinder wall 629 and possibly a central line 658 , e.g. B. Pipeline 658 be permeable with temperature control fluid. Through the pipeline 658 If necessary, temperature control fluid to be supplied can be conveyed into the opposite end-face area, from which it flows back via the cavity, or vice versa.

In one - z. B. with regard to a better guided temperature control fluid flow - advantageous embodiment, however, are for the flow - preferably close to the cylinder jacket - one or preferably more flow channels 653 ; 654 with z. B. each compared to the maximum cylinder body cross-sectional area perpendicular to the cylinder body cross-sectional area small (viewed perpendicular to the respective flow direction), for example at most one tenth, in particular at most one twentieth of the maximum cylinder body cross-sectional area. In order to ensure a sufficiently rapid exchange of fluid, the total flow area is, for example, less than a quarter, preferably less than an eighth, in particular less than a twentieth, of the maximum cylinder body cross-sectional area.

In the form of a hollow cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 this can for example be concentric to the outer cylinder wall 629 a cylindrical wall further inside 656 a cylindrical body 657 , e.g. B. a so-called, also closed at the end of the displacement body 657 , have, with a simple design between the outer cylinder wall 629 and the wall 656 of the displacement body 657 a flow channel designed as an annular gap 653 can be provided. In a further development, several axially extending annular gap segments can be used as a flow channel 653 be provided by, for example, axially extending separating elements 669 , e.g. B. webs or ribs, between the inside of the cylinder wall 629 and the outside of the inner wall 656 are provided.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the hollow cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 , especially in the version with a wall further inside 656 , are one or, preferably, several, on the inside of the outer cylinder wall 629 helical flow channels 653 intended. This can or these can be formed by channels placed on the inside. In a preferred embodiment with a wall further inside 656 or displacement body 657 is this or are these by one or more helically circumferential separating elements 669 , e.g. B. webs or ribs formed between the inside of the cylinder wall 629 and the outside of the inner wall 656 are provided. In a preferred embodiment, it is helical on the inside of the cylinder wall 629 envisaged temperature control medium guide multi-thread, ie with several side by side helically extending flow channels around the cylinder axis 653 executed. For a multi-thread arrangement of helical flow channels 653 they go, for example, spaced apart in the circumferential direction from an end-side distribution space 659 on one side of the cylinder and open on the other side of the cylinder into a collecting space on the return flow side 661 before the collected temperature control fluid via the temperature control medium return flow 652 is released to the outside again.

In execution of a z. B. as a full cylinder 628 trained cylinder body 628 (see e.g. 26th , 27 ) this is, for example, at least one between end caps 662 ; 663 lying area of the cylinder barrel 639 executed in one piece. He points as flow channels 654 several bores spaced apart in the circumferential direction, radially spaced from the cylinder center axis and extending in the axial direction 654 which are preferably in the area close to the cylinder, ie more than half, in particular at least two-thirds of the radius, spaced from the central axis. In the version with inlet and outlet on the same side, there is also a central bore 658 intended for the fluid flow or return.

The end caps that may be provided 662 ; 663 can each be made in one piece with the relevant pin 559 be trained.

With the temperature control medium supply and return flow on the same side 651 ; 652 If the temperature control fluid supplied is, for example, via the distributor space 659, initially via one or more flow channels 653 ; 654 in an area close to the cylinder jacket in the collecting space on the other side 661 out and from there via a z. B. central management 658 , especially pipeline 658 , to the temperature control medium return flow 652 directed, or vice versa initially through the line 658 and back via the flow channel or channels 653 ; 654 in the area near the cylinder jacket.

In an advantageous embodiment of the z. B. trained in one of the above embodiments and variants cylinder body 628 , is the cylinder body 628 - e.g. B. in the above-mentioned manner - designed to be temperature-controllable and comprises, as an alternative or as an additional means supporting the pulling up or removing, one or more flow channels through which temperature control means can flow 653 ; 654 .

A temperature control device providing the temperature control means, e.g. B. a Temperiermittelvorlage with integrated temperature control, z. B. a cooling device and / or a heating device, is preferably designed to provide temperature control fluid with a fluid temperature below ambient temperature, in particular below 20 ° C, preferably below 17 ° C. In addition, the temperature control device is preferably also set up to provide temperature control fluid with a temperature above the ambient temperature, in particular above 25 ° C., preferably 40 ° C. The temperature control device is advantageously set up to set a desired temperature for the temperature control fluid and / or to keep it constant via a control system.

To help you put on or take off a sleeve 637 becomes the cylinder body 628 of the color engraving cylinder 512 initially cooled to below ambient temperature, for example to below 20 ° C., in particular to below 17 ° C., preferably to a temperature of 15 ± 1 ° C.

The sleeve 637 has for example at 20 ° one with the outer diameter of the cylinder body 628 in the sleeve 637 receiving longitudinal portion matching or advantageously slightly, z. B. by 10 to 70 microns, in particular 20 to 60 microns smaller inside diameter. That is, the sleeve 637 would be at a temperature of 20 ° C in the first case without and in the second, advantageous case with a preload on the cylinder surface 631 of the 20 ° C warm cylinder body 628 sit.

After cooling to z. B. below 17 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 15 ± 1 ° C, has the cooled cylinder body 628 For example, the same outer diameter as the clear inner diameter of the z. B. Sleeves with a temperature of 20 ° C 637 on or advantageously an undersize, e.g. B. from 1 to 40 microns, that is, compared to the clear inner diameter of the uncooled, z. B. 20 ° C warm sleeves 637 to z. B. 1 to 40 microns smaller outer diameter. This allows the sleeve 637 - especially in the case of an undersize in the outer diameter of the cylinder body 628 - easier on the cylinder body 628 put off.

This can be done in an advantageous development with additional support from one or more, e.g. B. outlined above pressure medium-loaded or -beaufschlagbaren outlet openings 641 ; 644 respectively.

After sliding on the sleeve 637 becomes the cylinder body 628 , for example by heat generated during operation and / or preferably medium flowing through with temperature control fluid at a higher temperature than the ambient temperature, to a temperature of z. B. greater than 30 ° C, preferably heated to 40 ± 3 ° C, which is due to the heating of the cylinder body 628 its diameter enlarged and the sleeve 637 on its lateral surface 631 tense. An oversize of the cylinder body resulting in operation at an operating temperature of, for example, 40 ± 3 ° C 638 opposite the sleeve on top 637 and the associated pretensioning of the sleeve 637 on the cylinder surface 631 is, for example, between 70 and 140 μm, preferably between 80 and 120 μm. This ensures a tight fit and prevents the sleeve from twisting 637 on the cylinder body 628 guaranteed.

A choice of materials for the cylinder body is particularly preferable 628 at least in the area of its outer wall and for the sleeve 637 with respective associated expansion coefficients such that at least in the area of heating from, for example, 20 ° C. to 40 ° C., the cylinder body 628 undergoes a greater change in diameter in the area of its outer diameter than the sleeve 637 in its clear inner diameter.

Pulling up a sleeve 637 , possibly with prior removal of a previously worn sleeve 637 , takes place, for example, in the same way as in connection with the outlet opening (s) 641 ; 644 trained means of support has been set out, but with the difference that to open and remove the sleeves 637 the cylinder body 628 is cooled to, for example, below 20 ° C, in particular below 17 ° C, preferably to a temperature of 15 ± 1 ° C. Then the z. B. ambient temperature or at least 20 ° C sleeve 637 pushed on or a sleeve that can be removed 637 subtracted from. After being pushed on, the cylinder body 628 by the environment, the heat generated during operation and / or heated by the temperature control device via the heated temperature control fluid, whereby the sleeve 637 on the outer surface 631 is braced.

In a particularly advantageous development, the cylinder body is 628 both designed to be temperature-controlled and includes on its lateral surface 631 also at least one outlet opening that can be acted upon by pressure fluid, in particular compressed air 641 ; 644 .

Pulling up a sleeve 637 , possibly with prior removal of a previously worn sleeve 637 then takes place, for example, in the same way as described above in connection with the outlet opening (s) 641 ; 644 trained means of support was set out, but with the difference that previously the cylinder body 628 is or has been cooled to, for example, below 20 ° C, in particular below 17 ° C, preferably to a temperature of 15 ± 1 ° C.

Basically independent of the special design of the printing machine or printing unit 500 , the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 or their embodiments and variants and / or the configuration of the cylinder body 628 , of the color engraving cylinder 512 or the arrangement of the engravings 513 or recesses 513 , but preferably in connection with one of the stated designs, embodiments and variants, this is the form of color transfer 637 firmly on or over a detachable sleeve 637 supporting color engraving cylinders 512 total or preferred - without the cylinder body 628 to be taken - only as a sleeve 637 trained color transfer form 637 operationally - ie for example for an exchange or for maintenance and / or set-up purposes - from the inking unit 508 removable.

In an advantageous first embodiment, this is the color engraving cylinder 512 in total or a sleeve arranged on this 637 to the side, i.e. in the axial direction of the inking unit 508 arranged color engraving cylinder 512 , from the inking unit 508 can be removed or used in the opposite direction in this. Without restricting the design to this application, this axial removal is of particular advantage in connection with the above-mentioned arrangement of the inking device 511 on the one from the color relief cylinder 519 remote side.

The inking cylinder is used for this purpose 512 or a cylinder body encompassed by this 628 In at least one setup position in which the entire inking cylinder 512 , the cylinder body 628 or one from the cylinder body 628 worn paint transfer mold sleeve 637 to be removed axially and / or can be, only on one of its end faces on the frame 538 ; 533 stored while this inking cylinder 512 or its cylinder body 628 unsupported on its other end face and at least in the area of the axial projection of its cross-sectional area into the frame plane without overlapping with the frame 538 ; 533 or is freely accessible from outside the rack alignment. The inking unit frame 538 , 533 shows z. B. at least in this area, for example, a recess or an opening. For the preferred case between the first and second inking cylinder 512 ; 519 divisible frame 538 , 533 , is the above-mentioned uncovered area or the area of free axial accessibility, for example, at least when the frame is open 538 ; 533 given.

In a variant, the first inking cylinder 512 basically - also during operation - be mounted on one side in such a way, which is also referred to as cantilevered or cantilevered, and be freely accessible in the area of its other end.

In an embodiment that is advantageous, for example, in terms of stability, however, the color engraving cylinders are here 512 bearing means supported on one end face 671 , e.g. B. the outer and inner ring of a radial bearing 672 with preferably interposed rolling elements 673 , comprehensive storage facility or possibly such a storage facility 671 receiving wall element operationally for setting up or changing the color engraving cylinder 512 or in particular the sleeve 637 from a working position in which the color engraving cylinder 512 by the storage means 671 fixed and ready for use on the frame 533 ; 538 is stored, can be transferred into an arming position. The set-up position can in principle go through any position of the storage means 671 be given in which the axial path to remove the color engraving cylinder 512 or in particular the sleeve 637 released, so no longer by the storage means 671 or one of these supporting wall elements is hindered.

In a first embodiment, the storage means are 671 on one of the two frame sides, preferably on the so-called operating side, completely detachable from the wall of the frame 533 ; 538 or on one of the above, on the frame 533 ; 538 movably mounted side part 578 , especially sledges 578 , one of the color engraving cylinders 512 including coloring device 511 bearing underframe stored in such a way that after releasing the corresponding holding means, eg. B. of screw connections and / or clamping devices, from the color engraving cylinder 512 , its cones 559 or cylinder barrel 639 in the axial direction completely from the frame 533 ; 538 are removable.

In a preferred embodiment the bearing means are 671 on one of the two sides of the frame, preferably on the so-called operating side, but so that it can be pivoted indirectly or directly on the wall of the frame 533 ; 538 , ie directly on the wall of the frame 533 ; 538 or on one of the above, in turn on the frame 533 ; 538 movably mounted side part 578 one the color engraving cylinder 512 including coloring device 511 supporting underframe, stored so that after releasing the appropriate holding means, z. B. of screw connections and / or clamping devices, from the color engraving cylinder 512 , its cones 559 or its cylinder barrel 639 movable away, in particular pivotable, but further via an in particular movable connection 674 , for example via an articulated connection 674 , on the frame 533 ; 538 are held (e.g. exemplarily in 30th for the upper color engraving cylinder 512 shown).

The removable or pivotable bearing means 671 can - e.g. B. with a correspondingly small outer diameter of the radial bearing 672 and / or just changing the sleeve 637 - A bearing block receiving the outer ring, e.g. B. include bearing ring and possibly a protective cover against contamination, the radial bearing 672 with the color engraving cylinder 512 or its cylinder barrel 639 remains connected.

In an advantageous embodiment, however, at least the radial bearings are 672 , ie at least the outer and inner bearing comprehensive bearing means 671 , in the axial direction from the cylinder journal 559 separable and movable away from this, z. B. completely removable or preferably pivoted away. These are storage means 671 in the latter case, preferably at least indirectly on the frame 533 ; 538 held.

In the embodiment preferred here, the end face is the cylinder journal 559 when the color engraving cylinder is ready for operation 512 - e.g. B. via a press fit 678 and / or in particular conical seat 678 formed axially releasable connection 678 , for example with or without an additional form fit effective in the circumferential effect - detachable with a radial bearing 672 - in particular on its outside - supporting shaft section 677 connected. This connection 678 does not necessarily have to be suitable for the transmission of higher torques, the journal should 559 however, in the ready-to-use installation state, record free of play in the radial direction. The wave section 677 is about the radial bearing 672 in a bearing housing 679 stored, which for example on its inside at the same time the outer ring-side location surface, z. B. wearing tread. This is the radial bearing in this version 672 , the axially releasably connected or connectable shaft section 677 and the Bearing housing 679 of the storage means that can be transferred to a set-up position 671 includes, in which the axial path for removing the color engraving cylinder 512 or in particular the sleeve 637 released, not by the storage means 671 or a wall element supporting these is or is hindered. The - prefers the radial bearing 672 , the axially releasably connected or connectable shaft section 677 and the bearing housing 679 comprehensive storage means that can be transferred to the set-up position 671 In the following, for the sake of brevity, they are also short as, in particular at least removable, bearing cap 671 designated.

The bearing cap 671 or that of the cylinder journal 559 separable and removable bearing housings 679 can including radial bearings 672 and shaft section 677 now in the ready-to-use installation state of the color engraving cylinder 512 basically directly on a frame 533 ; 538 or partial frame 533 ; 538 of the inking unit 508 attached, e.g. B. be screwed. In a preferred version with one in the frame 533 ; 538 or partial frame 533 ; 538 radially adjustable color engraving cylinder 512 is the bearing cap 671 or the bearing housing 679 in the ready-to-use installation state, however, on one side part 539 ; 578 stored, in particular releasably attached via appropriate connecting elements, for. B. screwed and / or clamped, which is in the case of a radially movable color engraving cylinder 512 moved with this, for example on a color engraving cylinder mounted on an eccentric 512 moving side part 539 a sub-frame (as e.g. to be recognized in 3b) or on a lever not shown here, or on a linearly movable side part 578 (see e.g. 29 ) of the above, z. B. both the color engraving cylinder 512 as well as the inking device 511 supporting frame.

By properly fastening the bearing cap 671 on the frame 533 ; 538 , on together with the color engraving cylinder 512 on an eccentrically mounted bearing ring or side part 539 , on a lever or on the linearly movable side part 578 Via connecting elements of a preferably form-fitting connection 681 , for example screws 682 a screw connection 681 , become the cylinder journal 559 and the radially supported shaft section 677 , especially about a cone seat 678 , rigidly connected to one another against a radial relative movement, so that the cylinder journal 559 indirectly via the shaft section 677 radial on the frame 533 ; 538 , on the eccentrically mounted bearing ring or side part 539 , a lever or the preferably provided side part 578 is stored.

As already mentioned, the bearing cap 671 be completely removable for setting up after loosening. In a preferred embodiment, however, after loosening the connecting elements for the axial separation of cylinder journals 559 and shaft section 677 and can be swiveled to release the cylinder face on the frame 533 ; 538 , the eccentrically mounted bearing ring or side part 539 , the lever or the side panel 578 stored. In the latter, preferred embodiment is the bearing cap 671 in the ready-mounted state with, for example, the bearing housing 679 at a z. B. annular end portion 676 of the side part 578 attached, in particular screwed.

For example, the bearing cap 671 via a side mechanism, e.g. B. an articulated connection 674 , pivotable on the one opposite the frame 533 ; 538 for radial movement of the operational color engraving cylinder 512 movably mounted bearing ring or side part 539 , Lever or side panel 578 be stored by the mechanism for example in a corresponding recess the wall of the frame 533 ; 538 reaches through and thereby with the color engraving cylinder 512 is moved.

The preferred solution here is the connection 674 but over a travel of the color engraving cylinder 512 female coupling on the frame 533 ; 538 attached, the coupling resulting in the radial positioning relative movement between the frame 533 ; 538 and color engraving cylinder 512 or bearing cap 671 records.

In the preferred version with radially adjustable color engraving cylinder 512 are the two frontal movement of the color engraving cylinder 512 including coloring device 511 enabling storage means, e.g. B. eccentrically mounted bearing rings or side parts 539 , pivotable levers or preferably linearly movable side parts 578 , by, for example, one or more cross members 684 connected to one another to form the base, in particular stiffened. In or on the underframe is then, for example, directly on the side parts 578 or at one of these connecting, z. B. stronger traverse the inking device 511 attached.

The above-mentioned operational transfer of the storage means 671 or the bearing cap 671 differs from a dismantling or partial dismantling of a storage z. B. in that during operational transfer no readjustment of the bearing play and / or no removal of a radial bearing 672 and / or no separate removal of a bearing housing 679 and / or no removal or insertion of a bearing ring from or into a frame 538 ; 533 or one or in a frame wall, but a z. B. at least the radial bearing 672 , a wave section 677 and that the radial bearing 672 supporting bearing housings 679 overall than, for example, the bearing cap 671 forming unit, can be transferred between the working position and the setup position.

Turning the color engraving cylinder on and off 512 to the second or color relief cylinder 519 and from this point of view, the color engraving cylinder is preferably set together 512 and inking device 511 by setting the bearing means that enable the radial adjusting movement, for example the color engraving cylinder 512 including side part 539 setting the eccentric ring or pivoting one of the color engraving cylinders 512 and the inking device 511 supporting lever, or by linear movement of the color engraving cylinder 512 and the inking device 511 supporting side part 578 . In the figures 29 , 30th and 31 are, for example, according to the first embodiment of the inking device 511 (see e.g., among others 1a , 2a , 3a or 5 ) or the first version of the inking device 511 (see e.g. among others 1b , 2 B and 3b) executed inking devices 511 not shown, but preferably on a respective cross member, for example 547 ; 684 in an embodiment above - e.g. B. on the color relief cylinder 519 facing or facing away from the side - arranged.

The provision of the radial adjusting movement enabling bearing means, for. B. the above-mentioned eccentric rings or side panels 539 or the above-mentioned lever, or the linearly movable side parts 578 takes place by - preferably provided on both sides - actuators 686 which, for example, is a drive means 687 , e.g. B. an electric motor 687 or preferably a piston-cylinder system that can be actuated by pressure medium 687 , e.g. B. Pneumatic cylinder 687 , include, through which via a transmission 688 , e.g. B. via a gear comprising a lever 688 , the storage means, e.g. B. above eccentric rings or side panels 539 or the above lever, or the linearly movable side parts 578 , adjustable and thus the color engraving cylinder 512 , especially together with the inking device 511 , is radially displaceable.

In the execution of the drive means 687 as a piston-cylinder system that can be actuated by pressure medium 687 the actuator works 686 for hiring z. B. against a - here z. B. designed as an eccentric or eccentrically mounted stop bolt - stop means 689 , which is advantageously in its radial distance from the second or color relief cylinder in the operating position 519 is adjustable. This can preferably be done by another. This can include, for example, a drive means designed as an electric motor, which via a gear, for example a spindle drive, the stop means 689 represents.

At the one to the separable storage means 671 opposite face is the color engraving cylinder 512 in the execution of the with a sleeve 637 equipped or equipped cylinder body 628 operationally fixed to the frame 533 ; 538 or on the bearing means enabling the radial adjusting movement, e.g. B. the eccentric ring or side part mentioned above 539 or the above-mentioned lever, or the linearly movable side part 578 , stored. This is done here via a fixed radial bearing 691 . When training as a temperature-controllable color engraving cylinder 512 can have an interface on the front 692 , especially rotary feedthrough 692 be provided, through which the cylinder-side temperature control medium inflow and return flow 651 ; 652 can be connected to corresponding outer line sections.

Axial to the radial bearing 691 spaced another, z. B. at least 50 mm spaced radial bearing 693 be provided, axially which in the operational state of the color engraving cylinder 512 between the fixed outer and rotating inner ring has a game, the color engraving cylinder 512 but with the bearing cap separated 671 able to support by absorbing at least part of the torque. In the cantilevered or cantilevered bearing mentioned above as an alternative, this is another radial bearing 693 for example executed without bearing play.

In an advantageous embodiment, the color engraving cylinder 512 mechanically independent drive motor 616 can here as a torque and / or as a hollow shaft motor 616 executed and the frontal cylinder pin 559 be formed surrounding.

The color engraving cylinder 512 is in a preferred embodiment - z. B. in a form set out above - executed temperature controlled.

Although not explicitly shown, in an advantageous embodiment the above-mentioned pulling on a sleeve 637 supporting means, in particular one or more of the above-mentioned outlet openings 641 ; 644 or groups of such outlet openings 641 ; 644 , intended.

In an advantageous development, the color engraving cylinder is 512 on both sides in terms of its relative height to the frame 533 ; 538 adjustable. This can be done, for example, in the area between the guides that are fixed to the frame 579 and the guided side panels 578 effective coupling, e.g. B. be realized eccentrically mounted guide bolts.

In the in the figures 30th , 31 and 32 The illustrated version with a color engraving cylinder fixed on one side 512 or cylinder body 628 is used to equip with a new sleeve or to put on a new one 637 , the color engraving cylinder 512 or the unequipped cylinder body 628 axially removed after the bearing cap 671 solved and brought into the set-up position, in particular was pivoted. Then - z. B. in a manner set out above with or without the aid of the exchange supporting means - possibly after the cylinder body 628 from a previously worn sleeve 637 The new sleeve was released 637 on the cylinder body 628 raised. Then the storage flap 671 back on the frame 538 ; 533 or the movable, the radial adjusting movement enabling bearing means is set, whereby the pin 559 of the color engraving cylinder 512 via the connection to the shaft section 677 is or is again supported radially on this frame side.

In a z. B. in the figures 30th , 31 and 32 The version shown is the bearing of the color engraving cylinder 512 on that of the bearing cap 671 opposite side of the frame operationally fixed, ie the color engraving cylinder 512 or its cylinder body 628 not easily axially out of the frame 538 ; 533 removable, but via a to the - on this frame side z. B. axially not operationally separable - cylinder pin 559 directly or indirectly engaging axial bearing 683 held against uncontrolled axial movement. In an advantageous embodiment, it is also equipped with the above-mentioned second radial bearing that absorbs the tilting moment 693 executed.

In an alternative embodiment, for example the engravings 513 in the manner set out above directly from the lateral surface 631 of the cylinder body 628 or from one of the lateral surfaces 632 a layer carried by this 633 are included is, for example, that of the bearing cap 671 opposite bearing designed such that the color engraving cylinder 512 or at least its cylinder body 628 axially to on the side of the bearing flap 671 machine side out of the inking unit 508 is removable. This can be achieved, for example, by a separable connection between cylinder journals 559 and one in the rack 538 ; 538 remaining shaft section, for example comparable to the solution on the side of the bearing flap 671 be realized. If temperature control fluid should be able to be introduced and discharged, a sealing coupling between the subsections of the corresponding line sections is for example 651 ; 652 to be provided.

This alternative version has a removable color engraving cylinder 512 or cylinder body 628 is used to equip a new or renewed color transfer form 637 the color engraving cylinder 512 or the cylinder body 628 axially removed after the bearing cap 671 solved and brought into the arming position, in particular pivoted. Then a new or renewed color transfer form is made 637 load-bearing cylinder body 628 with one peg 559 used on the opposite side of the frame and the storage flap located on the removal or loading side 671 attached and attached.

In one embodiment, a sleeve with 637 Cylinder body that can be or is to be equipped 628 to equip it with a sleeve 637 or to change the sleeve in the manner of the alternative design, removed, fitted and with a sleeve 637 be reinstated.

In the z. B. in 29 Exemplary execution of the inking unit 508 are z. B. all, z. B. five, color trains 529 selective, ie with a color engraving cylinder mentioned above 512 executed. In principle, however, others, e.g. B. mixed configurations possible, such. B. three, for example middle, of five color trains 529 ; 532 selective and two, for example the first and the last color train 529 conventional (see e.g. 33 ).

At the height of the respective color engraving cylinder 512 with axially removable cylinder body 628 or axially removable or pull-on sleeve 637 is that between color engraving cylinders 512 and color relief cylinder 519 preferably divisible inking unit frame 533 , 538 z. B. at the level of the respective color engraving cylinder 512 not closed even when ready for operation, but forms at least at the level of the respective color engraving cylinder 512 between which the color engraving cylinders 512 supporting subframe 538 and that the color relief cylinders 519 supporting part frame 533 one - possibly across the height of several adjacent selective pressure pulls 629 extending - wall opening 694.

In an advantageous second embodiment of the color engraving cylinder that can be removed for replacement or for maintenance and / or set-up purposes 512 is this overall, possibly with a sleeve arranged on it 637 , in the radial direction of the inking unit 508 arranged color engraving cylinder 512 from the inking unit 508 or the frame 538 ; 533 can be removed or used in the opposite direction in this. Without restricting the design to this application, this radial removal is of particular advantage in connection with the above-mentioned arrangement of the inking device 511 on that of the color relief cylinder 519 facing side. In this case, a removal in the radial direction means - in contrast to the removal in the axial direction - a removal along a removal path which - z. B. at least up to the exit from the frame alignment limited on both sides - in a perpendicular to the axis of rotation R512 standing plane. This can, for example, run in a straight line, curved or with any change of direction in this plane.

The color engraving cylinder 512 including pin fixed to the cylinder 559 is here - for example, at least along the in the perpendicular to the axis of rotation R512 A removal path running on a standing level - with a clear width opposite w538 of the frame 538 or one from the frame 538 worn underframe smaller length 1512 educated. This clear width w538 is also intended to include that version, where the clear width w538 not directly through the frame walls, but through the distance between the side parts 539 one of the above, z. B. the inking device 511 supporting frame is given. Here is the clear width w538 at least on one removal path leading from the location of storage to a frame edge with a clear width that is greater than the journal diameter w538 educated. In an advantageous version of the frame 538 ; 533 the respective frame wall is executed on its inwardly directed side by an up to possibly provided add-ons and / or cast connection pieces and / or recesses and / or holes with a predominantly flat surface, z. B. cast, with the distance between these flat surfaces preferred as the clear width for the above purpose w538 is to be considered.

On one side, e.g. B. the drive side of the color engraving cylinder 512 on which it is driven, for example, by a gearwheel from one of the other inking or printing unit cylinders 519 ; 531 ; 503 ; 501 or - as preferred - by its own drive motor 616 is driven in rotation, is the pin 559 z. B. by a play-free and preferably clear coupling with respect to the rotational angle position 724 , e.g. B. designed as a claw or star coupling, detachable with a shaft 726 , e.g. B. Drive shaft 726 , connected or connectable (see e.g. 34 and 35 ). This is in an advantageous embodiment as a split shaft 726 with a non-rotatable coupling that absorbs an axial angular misalignment 727 , e.g. B. a metal bellows coupling 727 , formed between the two shaft pieces. The wave 726 is, for example in a section or shaft piece closer to the cylinder, via a radial bearing 691 directly or indirectly in a hole or recess in the frame 538 ; 533 stored. The radial bearing is preferably 691 for a radial positioning of the color engraving cylinder 512 in an eccentric bush 728 stored. A radial adjustment takes place, for example, by pivoting the eccentric bushing 728 by the drive means 687 , e.g. B. an electric motor 687 or preferably a piston-cylinder system that can be actuated by pressure medium 687 , e.g. B. Pneumatic cylinder 687 . In an advantageous embodiment, it is via the coupling 727 coupled tenons 559 by a - especially within the clear width w538 lying - radial bearing 729 supported, which at a z. B. in the eccentric bushing 728 bearing bush 738 is arranged and preferably for the removal of the color engraving cylinder 512 divisible with a removable, z. B. upper bearing segment, in particular upper bearing half-shell, and a frame fixed, z. B. lower bearing segment, in particular lower bearing half-shell, is formed.

Although a drive from a drive motor 616 on the wave 726 The drive motor is also conceivable via gears 616 here with its motor rotor coaxial to the color engraving cylinder 512 arranged and with its motor rotor directly or indirectly with the cylinder journal 559 , in particular releasably connected. To this end z. B. the wave 726 , for example in a section or shaft piece further away from the cylinder on its circumference directly the motor rotor, which is surrounded by the motor stator. The motor stator is directly or indirectly fixed to the frame, e.g. B. on the eccentric bushing 728 , attached. In order to rotate the motor stator relative to the z. B. on the wave 726 to prevent arranged motor rotor is z. B. between a motor housing supporting the motor stator and the eccentric bushing 728 another radial bearing 739 intended. In order to prevent the motor housing from rotating with the motor stator, it is connected to a so-called torque support that absorbs the start-up and shut-down movement 741 coupled and thus secured against twisting.

On the other side of the color engraving cylinder 512 is its spigot 559 in the inserted state by a radial bearing 731 supported, which for the removal of the color engraving cylinder 512 is formed divisible with a removable, in particular upper bearing half-shell. In an advantageous temperature-controlled version of the color engraving cylinder 512 is for example a temperature control medium inflow and outflow 651 ; 652 provided on this page. Between the cylinder-fixed and the frame-fixed part of the temperature control medium inflow and outflow 651 ; 652 is preferably each a z. B. self-locking valve provided. The radial bearing 731 is on a socket 732 arranged, which - z. B. also via an eccentric bushing 733 - in the frame 538 is stored. The radial bearing 731 is especially within the clear width w538 arranged. The eccentric bush 733 can by its own drive means or by means of a synchronous spindle jointly by the first-mentioned drive means 687 be pivotable.

The socket 732 including radial bearings 731 is axially movable in the frame in a preferred embodiment 538 and / or in the eccentric bush 733 stored and by an axial drive 734 , e.g. B. to decouple the previously opened clutch 724 and / or to correct the axial position of the color engraving cylinder 512 , ie the page register, axially movable. The axial drive 734 comprises a drive means 736 , e.g. B. a drive motor 736 , through which a transmission, z. B. a rotation in a Linear motion converting gear, the socket 732 is axially movable. The transmission here includes, for. B. a screw drive 737 .

The color relief cylinder 519 is in the same rack 538 ; 533 like the color engraving cylinder 512 or preferably in a part location 533 stored, from which the color engraving cylinder 512 storage part frame 538 is removable. In the execution of the color relief cylinder 519 , in which he also as a whole from the frame 533 ; 538 is to be removable, it can be designed or mounted such that it can be removed axially in an embodiment corresponding to the manner set out above, or radially removable in an embodiment corresponding to the manner set out above.

In one version of the color relief cylinder 519 , in which it can be equipped with finite color relief forms, it does not have to be removable for set-up purposes. It is, for example, on both sides via radial bearings 743 radially adjustable, e.g. B. in eccentric bushes 742 , stored (see e.g. 36 ). The setting is also here by a corresponding, in 35 drive means not shown 783 , e.g. B. an electric motor 783 , or possibly a piston-cylinder system that can be actuated by pressure medium, e.g. B. Pneumatic cylinder hosted. The rotary drive can basically be via gears from a downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 531 ; 503 ; 501 take place, but is preferably carried out by its own drive motor 698 given. This can be done using gears, but is preferably done axially to the color relief cylinder 519 . For this purpose, the motor rotor is, for example, directly on one of the cylinder journals 746 non-rotatable extending single or multi-part shaft 747 arranged. The motor stator can be supported by the internal motor bearing ring, but against rotation via a torque arm 744 on the frame 533 be supported.

The color relief cylinder is basically independent of the embodiment specifically described here, but advantageous in connection with this or one of the variants 519 temperature controlled, in particular with temperature control fluid flowable through. For this purpose, it points to one of its end-face bearings, preferably to that of the drive motor 698 opposite side, an interface 748 , especially rotary feedthrough 748 and a corresponding line routing in the color relief cylinder 519 inside, inside this color relief cylinder 519 to its temperature control, as well as from this again.

Preferably the color relief cylinder is 519 via an axial drive 749 , e.g. B. to correct the axial position of the color relief cylinder 519 , ie the page register, axially movable. The axial drive 734 comprises a drive means, e.g. B. a drive motor through which a transmission, e.g. B. a rotation in a linear movement converting gear, one with the cylinder pin 746 Tension and compression-proof connected socket or a ring is axially movable. The transmission here includes, for. B. a screw drive.

In the embodiment presented here, the drive means are 616 ; 698 , e.g. B. drive motors 616 ; 698 of color engraving and color relief cylinders 512 ; 519 provided on different sides of the frame.

As stated above, the color engraving cylinder is 512 in a preferred embodiment rotatory by its own, driven by the other inking cylinder 519 ; 531 and / or printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 mechanically independent drive motor 616 drivable. This and the drive configuration described below is fundamentally independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , their embodiments and variants and / or the previously presented embodiments, embodiments and variants for the type of arrangement of the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 and / or pulling on a sleeve 637 supporting means, but advantageously in connection with one of the above-mentioned designs, embodiments and variants.

The respective color relief cylinder 519 in a first embodiment, rotationally via a mechanical coupling, for example via gearwheels, from the next downstream printing unit or inking unit cylinder 503 ; 531 , for example the forme cylinder 503 or the transfer cylinder provided in between 531 , be driven, but is preferably by its own, from the drive of the other inking cylinder 519 ; 531 and / or printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 mechanically independent drive motor 698 drivable or driven.

In one variant, there are color engraving and associated color relief cylinders 512 ; 519 together, coupled via, for example, gears, by one of the drive of the other inking unit cylinders 531 and / or printing unit cylinders 501 ; 503 mechanically independent drive motor 698 drivable or driven.

The first, the wells 513 comprehensive inking cylinder 512 is therefore preferred in production operation alone or possibly together with the second inking unit cylinder 519 through one of the third inking cylinder 531 and / or the forme cylinder 503 Drive means rotating in production operation, mechanically independent drive that can be regulated with respect to a rotational angle position 616 , 711 drivable and / or rubbed.

In the event that in the printing unit 500 between color relief cylinders 519 and forme cylinder 503 a transfer cylinder 531 , especially ink collecting cylinders 531 , is provided, in a first embodiment it is rotationally via a mechanical coupling, for example via gearwheels which mesh with one another at least during operation 701 ; 702 , from the next downstream printing unit cylinder 503 , for example the forme cylinder 503 here, powered or drivable. In this embodiment is the transfer cylinder 531 however, a drive motor is preferred 703 , e.g. B. a so-called. Auxiliary or equipment motor 703 , assigned, through which the mechanical drive of the forme cylinder 503 separate transfer cylinders 531 at least in the setup operation and / or from the printing unit 509 removed inking unit 508 is rotatable. In an alternative embodiment, there is a transfer cylinder that may be provided on the 531 a - z. B. also at operating speed V operable - drive motor 699 provided, which serves as a set-up drive when coupled separately and z. B. in operation with an existing coupling as an auxiliary drive by acting on the transfer cylinder 531 counteracts a tooth flank change with a braking or drive torque. In another, e.g. B. replaces the drive motor because of its mechanically less complex embodiment 699 the mechanical coupling to the forme cylinder 503 completely and rotates the transfer cylinder 531 operationally without further drive coupling to other printing unit or inking unit cylinders 501 ; 503 ; 512 ; 519 ; 531 .

Although the forme cylinder 503 can also be driven by a separate drive motor in the above sense, it is preferably mechanically coupled, for. B. on meshing gears in operation 706 ; 707 , together with the impression cylinder 501 by one, in particular axially or via a drive pinion 708 on the forme cylinder 503 provided drive motor 704 driven or drivable.

The inking and printing cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 individually or in groups of operationally, ie during the production operation, rotary driving drive motors 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 are preferably than drive motors which can be regulated with respect to an angular position and are briefly regulated in terms of the angular position 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 , especially as servo motors 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 or preferably as angular position-adjustable torque motors 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 educated. O. g. Wiping cylinder 507 can from the forme cylinder 503 be driven or is preferably by its own, preferably at least with respect to its rotational speed controllable, short speed-controlled, drive motor 709 , e.g. B. also a servo or preferably torque motor 709 , driven or drivable.

Each of the drive motors that can be regulated with regard to the angular position or at least with regard to the rotational speed 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 is a control and / or regulating device 711 ; 712 ; 713 ; 714 , e.g. B. a drive controller 711 ; 712 ; 713 ; 714 assigned by which the relevant drive motor 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 or the inking unit and printing unit cylinder rotated by this 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 is operated or can be operated with angular position control. The drive motor, which can be regulated at least with regard to the rotational speed 709 is a control and / or regulating device 716 , e.g. B. a drive controller 716 assigned by which the relevant drive motor 709 or the wiping cylinder rotated by it 507 is operated or can be operated with regard to its rotational speed. A drive motor which can be regulated with regard to its angular position or at least its rotational speed 616 ; 698 ; 699 ; 704 ; 709 is used together with its drive controller 711 ; 712 ; 713 ; 714 ; 716 hereinafter also referred to as a drive 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 or. 709 , 716 designated.

The inking and printing cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 individually or in combination with several drives with angular position control 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 receive an angular position that progresses during operation Φ _L a so-called electronic master axis L, which is determined by the electronically transmitted angular position of a rotary encoder output provided on another unit of the printing press, or preferably the angular position Φ _L a virtual master axis L is given. The latter can be through one of the drives 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 even in the form of a master drive or in an additional control 717 , e.g. B. Drive control 717 , be or will be generated. A target speed V _should that is, for example, an operating speed aimed at for production V , short production speed V _P , and / or the signal for approaching or retracting is the master axis L, for example via a machine control 718 from a machine control center 719 specifiable.

In a first embodiment, not shown here, the angular position Φ _L the master axis each of the angular position-controlled drives participating in the drive system 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 or. 709 , 716 , especially their drive controllers 711 ; 712 ; 713 ; 714 ; 716 , on the input side via a signal connection, e.g. B. a network connection, as a master signal, to which the angle-controlled drives participating in the drive system, also referred to as "coupled", are or be 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 each as a slave - possibly taking into account drive-specific parameters {P} and / or regulations V1 ; V2 - follow or have to follow. A possibly also "coupled" speed-controlled one drive 709 , 716 receives a signal specifying the speed or the angle signal, from which it derives the speed. The regulation can thereby establish a relationship between the target angular position Φ _p and angular position supplied as a master on the input side Φ _M or time t his

In a preferred embodiment, however, at least one receives the color engraving cylinder 512 and / or the color relief cylinder 519 driving drive 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 not the angular position as master signal on the input side Φ _L of the master axis signal, but the actual angular position Φ _i ; Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (501) ; Φ _i (503) a downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 , in particular of the next downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 503 , representing or with this strictly correlated angular position Φ _M ; Φ _M (512) ; Φ _M (519) ; Φ _M (531) ; Φ _M (503) as a master. This drive 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 then follows - for example, using specified rules - as a slave through the angular position Φ _M of the downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder concerned 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 specified angular position signal. The term “downstream” refers to the flow of ink in the printing or inking unit 500 ; 508 .

The drive operated as a slave in this way 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 can for example be a common drive mentioned above 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 for color engraving and color relief cylinders 512 ; 519 be which of the actual angular position Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (501) ; Φ _i (503) one, preferably the next, downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 531 ; 501 ; 503 follows. However, it is preferred for the color engraving cylinder 512 its own drive 616 , 711 provided as a slave of the actual angular position Φ _i (519) ; Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (503) one, preferably the next, downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 , especially that of the color relief cylinder 519 , follows. A particularly advantageous embodiment is also for the color relief cylinder 519 its own drive 698 , 712 provided as a slave of the actual angular position Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (503) one, preferably the next, downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 531 ; 501 ; 503 , especially that of the forme cylinder 503 or that of the preferably provided transfer cylinder 531 , follows.

To form the respective drive control loop and / or to provide a master signal for an upstream inking cylinder 531 ; 519 ; 512 is with the relevant inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 one is the actual angular position Φ _i (512) ; Φ _i (519) ; Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (503) of the inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 indirectly or directly detecting sensors 721 ; 722 ; 723 , e.g. B. a rotary position encoder 721 ; 722 ; 723 or rotary encoder for short 721 ; 722 ; 723 , effectively connected. This sensor system 721 ; 722 ; 723 can through the encoder included in the drive control loop 721 ; 722 ; 723 , e.g. B. as an internal motor encoder or as with z. B. rotatably its rotor with the relevant inking or printing cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 or the motor shaft connected encoder attachment, or by an additional, with z. B. rotatably its rotor or forcibly co-rotating with the relevant inking or printing cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 or the rotary encoder that is actively connected to the motor shaft 721 ; 722 ; 723 .

An actual target angular position Φ _p ; Φ _S (512) ; Φ _S (519) ; Φ _S (531) ; Φ _S (503) which is the respective inking unit or printing unit cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 is to follow can be made directly through the angular position provided as a master at the input Φ _M (L) ; Φ _M (519) ; Φ _M (531) ; Φ _M (503) be given, which for example for all "coupled" drives 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 by the angular position specified by the master axis L. Φ _M (L) or by the manner outlined above from an actual angular position Φ _i (519) ; Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (503) a downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 503 resulting actual angular position Φ _i (519) ; Φ _i (531) ; Φ _i (503) is formed.

As already indicated above, an actual target angular position can Φ _S (512) ; Φ _S (519) ; Φ _S (503) however, by applying specified regulations to the angular position supplied at the input as a master signal Φ _M (L) ; Φ _M (519) ; Φ _M (531) ; Φ _M (503) can be adapted to the conditions in the machine and / or the operating requirements can be varied. For this purpose, for example, appropriate parameters can be supplied, which are in their entirety in 37 are indicated by way of example with {P}.

So are the drives participating in the drive network 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 or. 709 , 716 , especially drive controllers 711 ; 712 ; 713 ; 714 ; 716 via the same first or a further signal connection, e.g. B. network connection, the external conditions into account and / or the operation of the drive 616 , 711 ; 698 , 712 ; 699 , 713 ; 704 , 714 or. 709 , 716 relevant parameters {P} forwardable. Such parameters {P} include, for example, any required information on a gear ratio G1 ; G2 ; G3 which z. B. the relative sizes of the respective inking or printing cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 and / or the ratio between the unwinding length of the inking unit or printing unit cylinder to be driven 519 ; 531 ; 501 ; 503 and the path length to be assumed for a full 360 ° rotation of the master axis L. Additionally or instead, a correction angle can be used as a parameter ΔΦ ; ΔΦ (512) ; ΔΦ (519) ; ΔΦ (531) be included, which for example as a correction of the circumferential register in the Formation of the relevant target angular position Φ _p from the angular position provided as a master Φ _M (L) ; Φ _M (519) ; Φ _M (531) ; Φ _M (503) is to be considered.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least for the drive 616 ; 711 of the color engraving cylinder 512 , but especially for the common or respective drive 616 ; 711 ; 698 , 712 of the color engraving cylinder 512 and the color relief cylinder 519 If this is formed, a change in length on the forme cylinder 503 arranged printing form 504 by at least temporarily compared to the peripheral speed of the forme cylinder 503 varying peripheral speed of the relevant inking unit cylinder 512 ; 519 at least partially to compensate. Such elongations can typically result in the course of a production in gravure printing, in particular in intaglio printing, due to the high adjustment forces acting in the printing point.

The drive is responsible for such compensation 616 ; 711 ; 698 , 712 set up, for example, the relevant inking unit cylinder 512 ; 519 after an angular position opposite the input side as a master Φ _M (L) ; Φ _M (519) ; Φ _M (531) ; Φ _M (503) cyclically modified target angular position Φ _S (512) ; Φ _S (519) to drive. The modification takes place z. B. cyclically with the repeat length on the forme cylinder 503 , ie the circumference or an m-th part of the circumference on the forme cylinder 503 in the above sense.

The modification takes place, for example, according to one in the relevant drive 616 ; 711 ; 698 , 712 or especially in its drive controller 711 ; 712 stored and / or implemented regulation V1 ; V2 which, for example, by one or more variable parameters g ₁ ; g ₂ , g ₃ , e.g. B. one or more parameters g ₁ ; g ₂ , g ₃ a non-linear gear function, its shape and / or amplitude can be parameterized, ie it can be varied in turn. A cycle length is given, for example, by the m-th part of a forme cylinder revolution, where m, as explained above, is the number of on the circumference of the forme cylinder 503 printing lengths or printing forms provided one after the other 504 corresponds. The repetition length is calculated here z. B. from a print start of a print length to the subsequent print start and closes a possibly existing gap to the next print length - z. B. because of possibly existing channels for the printing plate ends on the forme cylinder 503 and / or for receiving gripper bars on the impression cylinder 501 one.

In the drive controller 711 des the first inking cylinder 512 driving drive 711 is therefore a requirement V1 ; V2 implemented by means of which cyclically over an unwinding length of the first inking unit cylinder corresponding to a printing length 512 considers a defined deviation for without applying the regulation V1 ; V2 target angular position resulting from the master signal on the input side Φ _S (512) built up, and is returned to zero before the start of a new cycle. For example, the modification takes into account the printing length on the relevant inking unit cylinder 512 ; 519 one - in particular beginning with the start of printing and steadily increasing up to the end of printing - angle difference, z. B. a lag compared to the uncorrected synchronous angular position on the forme cylinder 503 built up with the passage of the to the cylinder channel on the forme cylinder 503 correlating circumferential area through the nip with the next downstream inking unit or printing unit cylinder 519 ; 531 ; 503 - e.g. B. using an excessive angular speed compared to the printing speed - again to the synchronous angular position, z. B. forward, corrected, that is, transferred to the synchronous relative position. In a preferred further link there are color engraving cylinders 512 and forme cylinder 503 at the start of printing in a synchronous relative position, but the angular velocity already assumes the value that is slightly lower for the build-up of the lag.

In principle, a different course can also be provided for the modification. For example, as an alternative, initially an increasing lead starting with the start of printing can be provided, which decreases to zero up to a middle range of the printing length in order to then lead to an increasing lag. This deviation is converted back to zero until the next printing start.

The above-mentioned transfer into the synchronous angular position that must be maintained without the correction takes place in one embodiment of the color relief cylinder 519 , in which it can be equipped with a finite color relief shape, the ends of which in an axially extending channel 751 (for example in 37 in the middle of the five in 37 color trains shown as examples 529 ; 532 ) are recorded, preferably takes place during the passage of this channel 751 through the between the two inking cylinders that roll on each other 512 ; 519 educated bric-a-brac.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , their embodiments and variants and / or the previously presented embodiments, embodiments and variants for the type of arrangement of the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 , the pulling of a sleeve 637 supporting means and / or the presented drive concept or the drive configuration, but advantageously in connection with one of the above explanations, Embodiments and variants is a concept for checking and / or setting and / or correcting the on the forme cylinder 503 based on register position of the color engraving cylinder 512 , for what follows, synonymous here with the expression of the first inking unit cylinder 512 to replace, and / or the color relief cylinder 519 , for what follows, synonymous here with the expression of the first inking unit cylinder 512 to replace, provided and preferably carried out as follows.

For checking and / or setting and / or correcting a relative position between the first inking unit cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 in the circumferential and / or in the axial direction through the printing unit 500 at least one first picture element serving as a register mark 761 ; 762 on the substrate S. imprinted. A check and, if necessary, an adjustment and / or correction of the relative position between the first inking unit or color engraving cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 - e.g. B. in the circumferential direction, in the axial direction or preferably both - is then carried out using the print result and / or the position of at least one of the printing unit 500 on the substrate S. ; S ' printed and serving as a register mark first image element 761 ; 762 .

The checking and automated setting and / or correction of a relative position in the circumferential and / or in the axial direction between the first and / or second inking unit cylinder is particularly preferred 512 on the one hand and the forme cylinder 503 on the other hand and / or a check and compensation of a change in one due to the imaging pattern on the forme cylinder 503 certain print image length, in particular an above-mentioned elongation, using a by the printing unit 500 the first image element printed as a register mark on the substrate 761 ; 762 ; 766 ; 767 performed. The drive 616 , 711 ; 798 of the relevant inking unit cylinder 512 ; 519 is preferably designed for this purpose in accordance with an embodiment or variant set out above.

The first picture element 761 ; 762 is or is in particular due to printing ink from one on the forme cylinder 503 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided recess 514.1 ; 514.2 formed or printed, which is on the forme cylinder 503 only partially with a projection obtained by rolling one of at least two on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided depressions 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 overlaps and in this way is or was only partially colored with printing ink.

The checking and / or setting and / or correction is preferably carried out using the first-mentioned picture element 761 ; 762 as well as one in the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) associated second and serving as a reference mark - by the printing unit 500 on the substrate S. imprinted - image element 763 ; 764 , that by printing another ink on the forme cylinder 503 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided recess 514.3 ; 514.4 formed which is on the forme cylinder 503 at least partially with a projection, obtained by rolling, of a second on the circumference of the first inking unit cylinder 512 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided recess 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 overlaps and in this way is or was at least partially colored with printing ink. The checking and / or setting and / or correcting is preferably carried out using the at least one test element 761 ; 762 imprinted picture element 761 ; 762 and its relative position to the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u * (512) associated and also on the substrate S. ; S ' over the same inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 over the second recess 514.3 ; 514.4 on the forme cylinder 503 as a reference element 763 ; 764 printed second picture element 763 ; 764 .

Since they serve to check or control a relative position, the depressions provided for checking the relative position can be used 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 ; 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 to distinguish between (only) depressions involved in the print image 513 ; 514 here z. B. also as control wells 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 ; 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 are designated.

The test fields R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) can be examined and evaluated in one version - for example on a test desk - by visual inspection. Instead or in addition to this, detection can also be carried out using a sensor system 753 , e.g. B. a camera 753 , which is provided directly on the substrate path of the printing machine for inline measurement or on the test desk. An evaluation and possibly output of a result z. B. to a display device 754 , e.g. B. a display or a screen, for example, by one in the sensor system 753 integrated or in control means 756 , e.g. B. a data processing device 756 implemented software. In an advantageous development, one or more corresponding signal connections 758 between data processing device 756 and the relevant Drive means 616 ; 736 an automatic correction of the relative position in the circumferential or axial direction, also referred to above as correction of the circumferential and lateral register, take place. In the case of a pure display of the results or a mere visual inspection by the operating personnel, the correction by the operating personnel can be done via z. B. the operator interface provided at the control center 757 , e.g. B. via mechanical or virtual buttons or keys.

The one on the forme cylinder 503 to check the correct relative position 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 can in the imaging pattern of the depressions relating to the print image 514 integrated and defined as such there, or outside this area. In an embodiment which is advantageous with regard to the possibility of an inspection also through visual inspection, these are located on the forme cylinder 503 to check the correct relative position 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 within the printing width or substrate width, but outside the area of those depressions 514 on the forme cylinder 503 The top also through the imaging pattern of depressions 514 are summarized. O. g. Image elements 761 ; 762 ; 763 ; 764 are then outside the print image for the or the - z. B. in columns and rows - to be printed benefits N _i in an edge area 752 of the substrate S. .

The verification of the relative position on the forme cylinder 503 provided wells 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 in each case overlap at least partially with the above-mentioned projection obtained by rolling one of the at least two on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder 512 wells defined for review 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 .

The at least two on the forme cylinder 503 wells provided for review 514.1 ; 514.3 ; 514.2 ; 514.4 give by working together with the corresponding recesses 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 on the first inking cylinder 512 Information about the above-mentioned relative position in the axial or circumferential direction.

Two particularly advantageous embodiments are presented below for this interaction.

The first version is on the forme cylinder 503 , e.g. B. outside of the imaging pattern, at least one line-like, z. B. in settlement (ie settled on one plane) straight, on the circumference of the recess 514.1 ; 514.2 , e.g. B. Examination in-depth 514.1 ; 514.2 , and on the first inking cylinder 512 an associated line or strip-like, z. B. in processing straight, on the circumference extending recess 513.1 ; 513.2 , e.g. B. Examination in-depth 513.1 ; 513.2 , provided in such a way that one unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 Preserved projection of the assigned, on the color engraving cylinder 512 running depression 513.1 ; 513.2 those on the forme cylinder 503 running depression 514.1 ; 514.2 intersects and in the cut or overlap area in the direction of the line-like depression 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 considered is narrower than the length of this depression 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 . In - as preferred - also a line-like design of the color engraving cylinder 512 provided deepening 513.1 ; 513.2 runs on the forme cylinder 503 preserved projection of the on the color engraving cylinder 512 running depression 513.1 ; 513.2 inclined to the forme cylinder 503 running depression 514.1 ; 514.2 and cuts this. The line-like depressions preferably run 513.1 ; 513.2 ; 514.1 ; 514.2 or projection in development viewed perpendicular to each other.

The length of the depression 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 is significantly larger - e.g. B. at least twice as large - than the width of the corresponding recess 513.1 ; 513.2 on the color engraving cylinder 512 or their projection.

It becomes a picture element 761 ; 762 as a test element 761 ; 762 on the substrate S. ; S ' z. B. formed by printing ink, which in the overlap or cut area of the forme cylinder 503 linear depression on the circumference 514.1 ; 514.2 and the unwinding of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport in pairs 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projection of one on the first inking cylinder 512 on the circumference 513.1 ; 513.2 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' is delivered. The depression 513.1 ; 513.2 on the first, ie the color engraving cylinder 512 and its projection is preferably also linear z. B. rectilinear in settlement, executed and runs inclined to the recess 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 .

The printing ink for the test elements 761 , 762 can basically from the color engraving cylinder 512 over a flat surface of a subsequent inking unit cylinder, but preferably over to the depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 corresponding surveys 524.1 ; 524.2 or one or more corresponding raised areas 522.1 ; 522.2 of a color relief cylinder 519 be transmitted.

The term "linear" is intended here - unless explicitly differentiated - in addition to lines with small line widths as well as stripes Lines with greater line widths should be understood, with a length in particular being greater than a width. Although in a preferred embodiment of the “line-like” depression or elevation there is a line thickness that is constant over the length, wedge-like structures can also be included underneath in the broadest sense.

Checking and, if necessary, setting and / or correcting the relative position between the color engraving cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 in the axial and / or in the circumferential direction is carried out using at least one on the substrate in the above-mentioned manner S. ; S ' about the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 over a recess 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 as a test element 761 ; 762 imprinted picture element 761 ; 762 and its relative position to the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u * (512) associated and also on the substrate S. ; S ' about the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 over another recess 514.3 ; 514.4 , e.g. B. Reference in-depth study 514.3 ; 514.4 , on the forme cylinder 503 as a reference element 763 ; 764 imprinted picture element 763 ; 764 (see e.g. 39 , 40 , 41 , 43 and 44 ).

In this first execution, the elements of the test element overlap 761 ; 762 assigned specialization 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 and the projection of the corresponding depression 513.1 ; 513.2 on the color engraving cylinder 512 thus only partially, in particular in a crossing point or section. The position of the overlap or the crossing point provides information on the position of the color engraving cylinder 512 . In 39 is how it works B. schematically using the example of an ink collecting cylinder 531 comprehensive printing work 500 outlined, this being on a printing unit 500 without ink collecting cylinder 531 is to be transferred accordingly. In the case of the latter, the depressions would be indicated schematically in unrolling in pairs 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 514.3 , 514.4 and indicated color imprints on the forme cylinder 503 and the picture elements 761 ; 762 ; 763 ; 764 on the substrate S. ; S ' mirrored on the horizontal for display in 39 to be provided.

In an embodiment variant that is particularly advantageous with regard to better measurement accuracy (see, for example, the three-fold embodiment in 43 and 44 ), is or will be a group of test elements which are spaced apart in a defined manner 761 ; 762 of the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u * (512) on the substrate S. ; S ' formed by printing ink, which in the cutting area of a on the form cylinder 503 linear depression on the circumference 514.1 ; 514.2 and the inclined to this, over each pair of unwinding of the inking cylinder involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projections of a group of on the first inking cylinder 512 preferably linear recesses on the circumference 513.1 ; 513.2 in the recess 514.1 ; 514.2 of the forme cylinder 503 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' is delivered. Here too, viewed in the development, the preferably line-like projection preferably runs perpendicular to the depression 514.1 , 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 .

The at least one test element 761 ; 762 as well as the different reference element 763 ; 764 of the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u * (512) are preferably via the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 during the production operation together with the image motif or print image of the panel or panels to be printed N _i with on the substrate S. ; S ' imprinted, preferably outside of the panel or panels to be produced N _i of the substrate S. ; S ' , for example in a print image of the benefit (s) N _i surrounding lateral, leading or trailing edge area 752 . This allows a review during production, e.g. B. can also be simplified by inspection.

In the embodiment specifically presented here and particularly advantageous (see e.g. 39 , 40 , 41 , 43 and 44 ) is or will be the axial relative position between the color engraving cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 relevant test element 761 formed by printing ink, which in the cutting area of one on the circumference of the forme cylinder 503 linear recess extending in the axial direction 514.1 and one over the unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projection of a on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 linear depression running in the circumferential direction 513.1 in the recess 514.1 of the forme cylinder 503 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' submitted. This is corresponding to the version with the projections of several on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 linear depression running in the circumferential direction 513.1 for generating several test elements 761 apply.

A test element relating to the relative position in the circumferential direction 762 is or is formed in the particularly advantageous embodiment specifically presented here by printing ink, which in the cutting area of a on the circumference of the forme cylinder 503 linear depression running in the circumferential direction 514.2 and one over the unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projection one on the perimeter of the first inking unit cylinder 512 linear recess extending in the axial direction 513.1 ; 513.2 in the recess 514.2 of the forme cylinder 503 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' submitted. This is corresponding to the version with the projections of several on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 linear depressions in the circumferential direction 513.2 for generating several test elements 762 apply.

In a second version are on the forme cylinder 503 outside of the imaging pattern a group of - e.g. B. at least 10, in particular at least 20 - on the forme cylinder 503 in the axial or in the circumferential direction next to one another at a first distance from one another evenly spaced linear depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 and on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder 512 a group of - e.g. B. at least 10, in particular at least 20 - at a second distance from each other evenly spaced linear second depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 provided in such a way that the alignment of the linear depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 513.1 ; 513.2 on the respective inking unit or forme cylinder 512 ; 503 is the same, and / or that the second distance between the adjacent depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 on the color engraving cylinder 512 slightly, ie by less than one line width of the indentations 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 , deviates from the first distance, and / or that the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport are unrolled in pairs 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 preserved projections of the on the first inking cylinder 512 running depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 at least partially with depressions lying outside the imaging pattern 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 overlap (see e.g. 42 ). The check and, if necessary, the setting and / or correction is carried out using a print result from the first group on the forme cylinder 503 in the axial or in the circumferential direction next to one another at the first distance from one another uniformly spaced linear depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 made, which is done with the group of over in pairs unwinding of the inking cylinder involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 preserved projections of the second group of on the color engraving cylinder 512 linear depressions provided on the circumference 513.1 ; 513.2 at least partially overlap.

In this second embodiment, the information on the relative position between the first inking unit cylinder is or becomes 512 and the forme cylinder 503 about a varying intensity in the coloring of the depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 printed linear picture elements 761 given, which is due to the varying coverage of these depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 with the projections of the wells 513.1 ; 513.2 on the color engraving cylinder 512 results. The correct relative position between the first inking cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 is based on the position of a characteristic in the course of this fluctuating intensity, preferably on the position of a maximum or a minimum, relative to a reference element that is also printed 763 ; 764 of the same test field R _a '''(512); R _u '''(512) fixed or determined. This second embodiment is based on an optical impression similar to the moiré effect, which, with the changing overlap of two line rasters that differ slightly in the line spacing, allows the appearance of moving maxima and minima of a long-period intensity modulation.

In an advantageous embodiment variant, the groups are first and second depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 513.1 ; 513.2 arranged in such a way that the shape and color engraving cylinders are in the correct relative position 503 ; 512 in the axial or circumferential direction a maximum of overlap between the first depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 and the projection of the second pits 513.1 ; 513.2 in a middle area of the group, ie at least within a middle third of the respective group. In this case, an assessment can be made via the human eye without a reference and / or an error area can be mapped on both sides.

In the advantageous embodiment presented here, the line-like depressions relating to the axial relative position are 513.1 ; 513.2 , 514.1 ; 514.2 the first and the second group are each arranged next to one another in the axial direction and run with their longitudinal extension in the circumferential direction. The line-like depressions relating to the relative position in the circumferential direction 513.1 ; 513.2 , 514.1 ; 514.2 the first and the second group are each arranged next to one another in the circumferential direction and extend with their longitudinal extent in the axial direction.

Regardless of the special arrangement of the test elements 761 ; 762 underlying pairings of depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 , 514.1 ; 514.2 is or becomes a respective reference element 763 ; 764 on the substrate S. ; S ' formed by printing ink, which in one on the circumference of the forme cylinder 503 provided at a defined location 514.3 ; 514.4 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' is dispensed, the color engraving cylinder 512 a depression 513.3 ; 513.4 , e.g. B. Reference in-depth study 513.3 ; 513.4 , includes, whose unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 projection obtained over the reference element 763 ; 764 on the forme cylinder 503 supplying well 514.3 ; 514.4 comes to rest. One of the color engraving cylinders shows 512 reference recess provided for checking the position in the axial direction 513.3 an excess, e.g. B. of more than 200 microns, compared to the corresponding recess 514.3 on the forme cylinder 503 in the axial direction and a recess relating to the checking of the position in the circumferential direction 513.4 an excess, e.g. B. of more than 200 microns, compared to the corresponding recess 514.4 on the forme cylinder 503 in the circumferential direction. The respective oversize goes over a possibly within the print image for the recess 513.3 ; 513.4 on the first inking cylinder 512 provided oversize, for example up to 200 µm, and is intended to ensure reliable coloring of the respective reference element 763 ; 764 corresponding deepening 514.3 ; 514.4 on the forme cylinder 503 guarantee in the event of an incorrect relative position to be corrected.

The printing color for the reference elements 763 , 764 can basically from the color engraving cylinder 512 over a flat surface of a subsequent inking unit cylinder, but preferably over to the depressions 513.3 ; 513.4 corresponding surveys 524.3 ; 524.4 or one or more corresponding raised areas 522.3 ; 522.4 of a color relief cylinder 519 be transmitted.

The respective test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) can only be a single one, via a correspondingly designed recess 514.3 ; 514.4 on the forme cylinder 503 generated reference element 763 ; 764 be assigned (see e.g. 39 and 41 ). In another, regarding a z. B. by inspection carried out evaluation of advantageous embodiment can the test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) a group of defined spaced apart, via corresponding, z. B. rectilinear, punctiform or rectangular, depressions 514.3 ; 514.4 on the forme cylinder 503 generated reference elements 761 ; 762 be assigned in kind of a scale.

Preferably, both the above-mentioned checking and, if necessary, an adjustment and / or correction of an axial relative position takes place via a first, in particular outside of the panel or panels to be produced N _i in an edge area 752 lying, test field R _a (512 ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) as well as the aforementioned checking and, if necessary, setting and / or correcting a relative position in the circumferential direction via a second, in particular outside of the panel or panels to be produced N _i in an edge area 752 lying, second test field R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) .

In a particularly advantageous further development, a relative position is checked in the circumferential direction over two in the transport direction within a printing length on the substrate S. ; S ' spaced test fields R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) . This allows z. B. with different positional deviations in the two test fields R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) a periodic variation of the circumferential speed on the first inking unit cylinder from the respective target position 512 compared to that of the forme cylinder 503 to compensate for a change in length on the forme cylinder as set out above 503 intended printing form 504 , in particular in relation to the extent of the difference. If there is a positional deviation in the two test fields R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) a change in the relative angular position between the first inking unit cylinder can depend on the respective target position 512 and forme cylinder 503 , especially in relation to the dimensions of the two test fields R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) the same amount of deviation.

For a version of the printing unit set out above 500 with several color trains 529 ; 532 , being through the forme cylinder 503 simultaneously across several color engraving cylinders 512 colored partial print images on the substrate S. ; S ' are printed, includes a test field relating to the axial or circumferential direction R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) per selective color train 529 preferably at least one as a test element 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' formed picture element 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' or a group of several test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' according to z. B. the first version above (see e.g. 43 and 44 , in which, by way of example, only two of the five groups of test elements shown there are designated as 761 and 761 'or as 762 and 762'). For example, is or is through each of the provided - in particular selective - color trains 529 ; 532 or color engraving cylinder 512 one z. B. as a multi-color printing unit 500 trained printing unit 500 a test element 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' or a group of several test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' imprinted. The underlying depressions are preferred 513.1 ; 513.2 ; 514.1 ; 514.2 on the color engraving cylinders 512 and on the forme cylinder 503 so arranged to one another, so that the test elements relating to the axial position 761 ; 761 ' with correct relative position of the color engraving cylinders 512 are aligned with one another in the direction of printing length, and the test elements relating to the position in the circumferential direction 762 ; 762 ' with correct relative position of the color engraving cylinders 512 on the substrate S. ; S ' align with each other in the direction of the print width. The test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' are in terms of viewing of the respective color engraving cylinder 512 to the forme cylinder 503 as a kind of register marks 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' effective while considering the relative position of the color engraving cylinder 512 to each other as so-called registration marks 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' , also as color register marks 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' are effective.

About the relative position of the different color engraving cylinders 512 colored test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' or groups of test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' of a test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) Information about the register, ie the relative position of the color engraving cylinders, thus becomes relative to one another 512 to each other, and about the relative position between at least one and at least one associated color engraving cylinder 512 colored test element 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' and at least one of the same test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) reference element to be assigned 763 ; 764 the relative position between the relevant color engraving cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 checked.

For one the test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' several color engraving cylinders 512 comprehensive test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) can be a single reference element 763 ; 764 be provided. However, several reference elements are preferred 763 ; 764 provided, e.g. B. on different sides of the grouping of test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' , especially at least one on each of the four sides of the grouping. The at least one reference element 763 ; 764 can then use one of the color engraving cylinders involved 512 be upset.

One such, several color engraving cylinders 512 comprehensive test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a ''(512); R _a '''(512); R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u ''(512); R _u '''(512); R _u * (512) can then include the reference element or elements 763 ; 764 Have external dimensions that do not exceed a field of 6 mm X 6 mm. In doing so, for the picture elements 761 ; 761 ' , 762 , 762 ' ; 763 ; 764 Line widths of 0.15 to 0.25 mm, preferably about 0.20 ± 0.01 mm and / or distances between the test elements 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' different color engraving cylinders 512 from 0.45 to 0.55 mm, in particular 0.5 ± 0.01 mm.

By using sensors that work inline in the machine or offline on a test bench 753 is an example in 45 schematically illustrated intensity curve I (a) ; I (u) via a group of test and reference elements relating to the axial or circumferential position 761 ; 761 ' ; 762 ; 762 ' outlined.

In addition to checking and / or setting and / or correcting the position of the color engraving cylinder 512 preferably there is also a checking and / or setting and / or correction of a relative position between the second inking unit cylinder 519 , ie the color relief cylinder 519 , and the forme cylinder 503 in the circumferential and / or in the axial direction. This is preferably done using at least one on the substrate S. ; S ' about the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 as a test element 766 ; 767 imprinted picture element 766 ; 767 and its relative position to the same test field R _a (519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R _u * (519) associated and also on the substrate S. ; S ' about the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 as a reference element 768 ; 769 imprinted picture element 768 ; 769 (see e.g. 46 ).

The respective lower representations in the figures 40 , 41 , 42 and 43 each show a schematic representation of the relationships before wiping off the excess paint from the unengraved surface.

It is z. B. the position of the second inking cylinder 519 relevant test element 766 ; 767 on the substrate S. ; S ' formed by printing ink, which in the overlap area on the forme cylinder 503 linear depression on the circumference 514.6 ; 514.7 with one opposite this recess 514.6 ; 514.7 Viewed in the longitudinal direction, shorter ones, each unwinding in pairs, of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 projection of a preserved through the color engraving cylinder 512 inked area of one or one on the second inking cylinder 519 circumferential survey 524.6 ; 524.7 or raised area 522.6 ; 522.7 7 in the recess 514.6 ; 514.7 of the forme cylinder 503 recorded and when printing on the substrate S. ; S ' submitted, taking the survey 524.6 ; 524.7 or the raised area 522.6 ; 522.7 7 about one opposite the projection of this survey 524.6 ; 524.7 or this raised area 522.6 ; 522.7 towards the depression 514.6 ; 514.7 on the forme cylinder 503 considered longer deepening 513.6 ; 513.7 is colored (see e.g. 46 ).

Here, too, it becomes at least one test element 766 ; 767 as well as the different reference element 768 ; 769 about the inking unit 508 and the forme cylinder 503 during production together with the image of the panel or panels to be printed N _i with on the substrate S. ; S ' imprinted.

The test element 766 ; 767 assigned specialization 514.6 ; 514.7 on the forme cylinder 503 and the projection of the corresponding elevation 524.6 ; 524.7 or the raised area 522.6 ; 522.7 on the color relief cylinder 519 only partially overlap, with the position of the overlap providing information on the position of the color relief cylinder 519 supplies.

Since they serve to check or control a relative position, the elevations provided for checking the relative position can be used 524.6 ; 524.7 ; 524.8 ; 524.9 or or raised areas 522.6 ; 522.7 ; 522.8 ; 522.9 here z. B. also as test surveys 524.6 ; 524.7 or reference surveys 524.8 ; 524.9 or examiner areas 522.6 ; 522.7 or reference ranges 522.8 ; 522.9 also as a control area 524.6 ; 524.7 ; 524.8 ; 524.9 or raised control areas 522.6 ; 522.7 ; 522.8 ; 522.9 are designated.

As for the color engraving cylinder 512 relevant test fields R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a '"(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) can also use the test fields R _a (519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R _u * (519) in one embodiment in the manner set out above, can be assessed and evaluated by visual inspection or by a sensor system 753 detected and sent to the display device and / or a data processing device 754 and control commands resulting from there via a signal connection 759 for an automatic correction to the appropriate drive means 698 ; 749 to get redirected.

Here too, the elevations provided for checking the correct relative position can be used 524.6 , 524.7 , 524.8 ; 524.9 or areas 522.6 , 522.7 , 522.8 ; 522.9 lie in the print image width, but are preferably outside the area of the elevations involved in the print image 524 or areas 522 in an edge area 752 of the substrate S. ; S ' intended.

In the schematic in 46 indicated design are per test field R _a (519) ; R _u (519) in each case a test element relating to the axial direction and a test element relating to the circumferential direction 766 ; 767 and each associated with a simple character, for example given by a point, a line or a rectangle, as a reference element 768 ; 769 intended.

Each a reference element 768 ; 769 serving surveys 524.8 ; 524.9 or raised area 522.8 ; 522.9 is made via a corresponding, preferably oversized recess 513.8 ; 513.9 on the color engraving cylinder 512 colored. The delivery to the substrate S. ; S ' takes place directly or indirectly from these via corresponding recesses 514.8 ; 514.9 on the forme cylinder 503 .

In a second embodiment, which is advantageous with regard to the possibility of an assessment through visual inspection, the test field R _a '(519) ; R _u '(519) a group of defined spaced apart, via corresponding, z. B. rectilinear, punctiform or rectangular, first depressions 514.6 ; 514.7 on the forme cylinder 503 generated picture elements 766 ; 767 be assigned in the manner of a scale (see e.g. 47 ). In order to obtain information about the relative position, the scale or group of depressions is or is 514.6 ; 514.7 only in one of the position of the second inking unit cylinder 519 dependent section colored or after wiping as a corresponding part of the scale through a part of the picture elements 766 ; 767 pictured. In a training that can be more automated, a reference image element is used at the same time 768 ; 769 serving picture element 768 ; 769 via a corresponding deepening 514.8 ; 514.9 on the forme cylinder 503 formed or printed. This can e.g. B. on the forme cylinder 503 one z. B. opposite the target position located in the middle of the scale.

In one of the above versions of the position of the color engraving cylinder 512 Design in question, comparable design of the location of several, z. B. five color relief cylinders 519 concerned as a test field R _a * (519) ; R _u * (519) of the printing unit 500 this preferably comprises at least one test element 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' formed picture element 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' according to z. B. the first version above (see e.g. 46 ), where in 48 only two of the five groups of test elements shown there as an example 766 and 766 ' or as 767 and 767 ' are designated. For example, is or is through each of the provided color trains 529 ; 532 or over each of the color relief cylinders encompassed by these 519 a test element 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' imprinted. The underlying elevations are preferred 524.6 ; 524.7 on the color relief cylinders 519 Indentations 514.6 ; 514.7 on the forme cylinder 512 so arranged to one another, so that the test elements relating to the axial position 766 ; 766 ' with correct relative position of the color engraving cylinders 512 on the substrate S. ; S ' in at least one of their ends are aligned with one another, viewed in the direction of the printing length, and the test elements relating to the position in the circumferential direction 767 ; 767 ' with correct relative position of the color relief cylinder in the circumferential direction 519 on the substrate S. ; S ' at least one of their ends is aligned with one another in the direction of the print width (see e.g. 49 ). The test elements 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' are in relation to the consideration of the respective color engraving cylinder 512 to the forme cylinder 503 here as a kind of register marks 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' effective while considering the relative position of the Color engraving cylinder 512 to each other in the manner of register marks or color register marks 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' are effective.

About the relative position of the different color relief cylinders 519 colored test elements 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' or groups of test elements 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' of a test field R _a * (519) ; R _u * (519) Information about the register, ie the relative position of the color relief cylinders, thus becomes relative to one another 519 to each other, and about the relative position between at least one and at least one associated color relief cylinder 519 colored test element 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' and at least one of the same test field R _a * (519) ; R _u * (519) reference element to be assigned 768 ; 769 the relative position between the relevant color engraving cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 checked.

For one the test elements 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' several color relief cylinders 519 comprehensive test field R _a * (519) ; R _u * (519) can be a single reference element 768 ; 769 be provided. However, several reference elements are preferred 768 ; 769 provided, e.g. B. on different sides of the grouping of test elements 766 ; 766 ' ; 767 ; 767 ' , especially at least one on each of the four sides of the grouping. The at least one reference element 763 ; 764 can then use one of the color relief cylinders involved 512 be upset.

A substrate section designed in particular for the above-mentioned inspection S. ; S ' , the z. B. basically by a web section corresponding to a repeat length with a printing length S. ; S ' or preferably by a printed substrate sheet S. ; S ' may be formed, includes - z. B. in addition to a printed image printed by the gravure printing process - an arrangement of printed image elements 761 ; 762 ; 763 ; 764 of a test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a '"(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) , due to their relative position and / or optical effect, conclusions about a printing of the picture elements 761 ; 762 ; 763 ; 764 Incorrect relative position between a recess in the axial and / or circumferential direction 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 514.3 ; 514.4 on its circumference having forme cylinder 503 and a corresponding recess 513.1 ; 513.2 ; 513.3 ; 513.4 on its circumference having first inking cylinder 512 one the forme cylinder 503 inking inking unit 508 are derivable.

The substrate section comprises S. ; S ' preferably at least one test field that characterizes the relative axial position R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) and at least one test field which characterizes the relative position in the circumferential direction R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) .

In a further training, the z. B. allows a distinction between register errors and printing form length, comprises the substrate section S. ; S ' on a printing length two test fields spaced from one another and characterizing the relative position in the circumferential direction R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) .

In an embodiment of the substrate section corresponding to the first embodiment above S. ; S ' includes the test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) a as a reference element 763 ; 764 imprinted picture element 763 ; 764 as well as a test element 761 ; 762 printed and in its relative position to the reference element 763 ; 764 the information on the relative position between the form cylinder and the first inking unit cylinder ( 503 ; 512 ) wearing.

In an embodiment of the substrate section that corresponds to the second embodiment above S. ; S ' includes the test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) a group of evenly spaced linear picture elements varying in the intensity of their coloring 761 ; 762 , from the intensity curve of which draws conclusions about the printing of the picture elements 761 ; 762 Incorrect relative position in the axial and / or circumferential direction between the first inking unit cylinder 512 and the forme cylinder 503 are derivable.

Preferably the substrate portion comprises S. ; S ' especially picture elements printed on the same side 766 ; 767 ; 768 ; 769 at least one other test field R _a (519) ; R _a '(519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R "'(519) ; R _u * (519) , by their relative position inferences about a printing of the picture elements 766 ; 767 ; 768 ; 769 Incorrect relative position in the circumferential and / or axial direction between the imaging depressions 514 on its circumference having forme cylinder 503 and a corresponding surveys 524 or raised areas 522 on its circumference having a second inking cylinder 519 , ie the color relief cylinder 519 , of the forme cylinder 503 inking inking unit 508 are derivable.

The substrate section preferably comprises S. ; S ' at least one the relative axial position of the color relief cylinder 519 characteristic test field R _a (519) ; R _a '(519) ; R _a * (519) and at least its relative position in the circumferential direction characterizing test field R _u (519) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u * (512) .

In an advantageous further development, the substrate section comprises S. ; S ' on a printing length two spaced apart the relative position in Test fields identifying circumferential direction R _u (519) ; R _u '(519) ; R _u * (519) .

Although they can in principle also be incorporated in the area of the printed image, they are on the substrate section S. ; S ' provided test fields R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) ; R _a (519) ; R _a '(519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R "'(519) ; R _u * (519) here preferably in an edge area 752 of the substrate section S. ; S ' outside of by one or more printed benefit N _i formed print image provided.

In an embodiment of the substrate section suitable for particularly precise adjustment of the relative positions S. ; S ' this includes a side edge area 752 two groups of test fields spaced apart in the direction of the printing length R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a '"(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) ; R _a (519) ; R _a '(519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R "'(519) ; R _u * (519) with one each the axial position of the color engraving cylinder 512 relevant test field R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) , one the position in the circumferential direction of the color engraving cylinder 512 relevant test field R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) , one the axial position of the color relief cylinder (519) relevant test field R _a (519) ; R _a '(519) ; R _a * (519) and one the position in the circumferential direction of the color relief cylinder 519 relevant test field R _u (512) ; R _u '(519) ; R _u * (519) are provided (see e.g. 49 in which the spaced groups of test fields R _a (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _a (519) ; R _u (519 in the lateral edge area 752 are designated by way of example for one of the exemplary embodiments set out above).

A printing work 500 , in particular for performing an above-mentioned method, by which substrate S. ; S ' is printable by a gravure printing process, comprises a forme cylinder 503 , which has an imaging pattern of depressions on its circumference 514 has, and an inking unit 508 through which that on the forme cylinder 503 intended pattern of depressions 514 can be colored, the forme cylinder 503 from an inking device 511 over a first one, in the area of its lateral surface 518 to recesses 514 on the forme cylinder 503 corresponding recesses 513 having inking cylinder 512 and one through the first inking cylinder 512 Partially to be inked second inking cylinder 519 is partially colorable. The forme cylinder 503 has to generate one of the checking of a relative position between the forme cylinder and the first inking unit cylinder 503 ; 512 serving image element 761 ; 762 ; 763 ; 764 within the printing width, but outside the imaging pattern of depressions that provides the printed image of one or more panels Ni 514 lying circumferential area at least one recess 514.1 ; 514.2 on, which is on the forme cylinder 503 only partially with an unwinding of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport in pairs 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projection of a on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided recess 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 overlaps.

A z. B. to carry out the above method and / or to produce such a substrate section S. ; S ' particularly suitable printing machine with a printing unit 500 by which substrate S. ; S ' is printable by a gravure printing process comprises, for. B. a forme cylinder 503 , which has an imaging pattern of depressions on its circumference 514 includes, and an inking unit 508 through which that on the forme cylinder 503 intended pattern of depressions 514 can be colored, the forme cylinder 503 from an inking device 511 over one in the area of its lateral surface 518 to recesses 514 on the forme cylinder 503 corresponding recesses 513 having color engraving cylinder 512 and one through the color engraving cylinder 512 partially colored relief cylinder to be colored 519 is partially colorable.

The forme cylinder comprises preferably automated checking and correction 503 thus within the print width, but advantageously outside of an imaging pattern of depressions that provides the print image of one or more panels 514 lying area, at least one first depression 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 514.3 ; 514.4 for printing at least one of the checking of a relative position between the forme cylinder 503 and the first or second inking cylinder 512 ; 519 serving first image element 761 ; 762 ; 766 ; 767 , whereby in the printing machine - in the substrate path or at the test desk - a sensor system 753 for capturing the first picture element 761 ; 762 ; 766 ; 767 Evaluation means for evaluating the position of the first picture element 761 ; 762 ; 766 ; 767 on the substrate S. ; S ' and / or relative to a second picture element 763 ; 764 ; 768 ; 769 is provided as well as control and drive means 756 ; 616 ; 736 ; 698 ; 749 for correcting an incorrect relative position of the first or second inking unit cylinder 512 ; 519 are provided.

One in sensor technology 753 or that of a control means connected therewith in terms of signal technology 756 implemented software can be provided and / or designed in such a way that as a result of the result of the evaluation of the position of the at least one image element 761 ; 762 ; 766 ; 767 ; 763 ; 764 ; 768 ; 769 ) of the same test field ( R _a (512) ; R _a '(512) ; R _a "(512) ; R _a "'(512) ; R _a * (512) ; R _u (512) ; R _u '(512) ; R _u "(512) ; R _u '"(512) ; R _u * (512) ; ( R _a (519) ; R _a * (519) ; R _u (519) ; R _u * (519) a Control variable for the drive means affected by the correction of the positional deviation ( 616 ; 736 ; 698 ; 749 ) can be output.

The at least one first depression 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 overlaps on the forme cylinder 503 only partially with one over in pairs unwinding of the inking unit rollers involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained by unrolling one of at least two projections on the circumference of the first inking cylinder 512 for checking the relative position in a defined position and location provided depressions 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 .

The forme cylinder preferably has 503 at least two wells 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 514.3 ; 514.4 on, of which one is only partially and the other at least partially with a projection obtained by rolling one of at least two on the color engraving cylinder 512 defined recesses provided on the circumference 513.1 ; 513.3 ; 513.2 ; 513.4 overlap.

In a first embodiment, the forme cylinder 503 outside of the imaging pattern, a line-like indentation on the circumference 514.1 ; 514.2 and on the color engraving cylinder 512 a depression preferably also running linearly on the circumference 513.1 ; 513.2 be provided in such a way that one unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 preserved projection of the on the color engraving cylinder 512 running depression 513.1 ; 513.2 the depression 514.1 ; 514.2 overlaps, inclined in an advantageous line-like design, in particular in the development perpendicular to the forme cylinder 503 running depression 514.1 ; 514.2 runs.

In a second embodiment, for. B. on the forme cylinder 503 outside of the imaging pattern are a first group of on the forme cylinder 503 in the axial or in the circumferential direction next to one another at a first distance from one another uniformly spaced linear first depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 and on the circumference of the color engraving cylinder 512 a second group of linear second depressions which are uniformly spaced apart from one another at a second distance 513.1 ; 513.2 provided such that the alignment of the first and second linear depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 ; 513.1 ; 513.2 on the shape or color engraving cylinder 503 ; 512 on the respective cylinder it is the same that the second distance is slightly, ie by less than a line width of the first depressions 514.1 ; 514.2 , deviates from the first distance and that each unwinding in pairs of the inking unit rollers involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 preserved projections of the on the color engraving cylinder 512 running depressions 513.1 ; 513.2 at least partially with depressions lying outside the imaging pattern 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 overlap.

In an advantageous embodiment is on the circumference of the forme cylinder 503 outside of the imaging pattern, a line-like indentation running around the circumference 514.6 ; 514.7 and on the color engraving cylinder 512 one that runs along the circumference and is opposite the first-mentioned recess 514.1 ; 514.2 on the forme cylinder 503 Shorter elevation viewed in the longitudinal direction 524.6 ; 524.7 ; 524.8 ; 524.9 or a shorter raised area 522.6 ; 522.7 ; 522.8 ; 522.9 provided in such a way that one unwinding in pairs of the inking unit cylinders involved in the ink transport 512 ; 519 ; 531 on the forme cylinder 503 obtained projection of the on the second inking cylinder 512 circumferential survey 524.6 ; 524.7 ; 524.8 ; 524.9 the corresponding specialization 514.6 ; 514.7 on the forme cylinder 503 only partially covered.

Basically independent of the special position and / or special design of the inking device 511 , their embodiments and variants and / or the previously presented embodiments, embodiments and variants for the type of arrangement of the depressions 513 or engravings 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 , the pulling of a sleeve 637 supporting means and / or the presented drive concept or the drive configuration and / or an above-mentioned checking and / or setting and / or correcting the relative position, but advantageous in connection with one of the above-mentioned explanations, embodiments and variants are a procedure and means for control of the ink transfer in the inking unit 508 or in the respective color train 529 ; 532 provided and preferably as set out below.

The ink transfer via the inking and / or printing cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 towards the pressure point 502 is - as a whole and also in each print image section - for a specific production basically the input side of the inking unit 508 through the pattern of depressions 513 on the color engraving cylinder 512 and their volume is predetermined, with the methods shown below varying this size, which is basically predetermined for the special, print image-specific expression of the pattern. In the figures, which only serve to explain the principle in qualitative terms, no numerical indication of the size of a color transfer has been given. The axis related to the color transfer was generalized and without a physical unit as the transfer rate TR designated. Such a transfer rate TR could, for example, relate to mass transport over a multiple or a divisor of a development length z. B. the color engraving cylinder 512 refer to and the entire usable surface area 518 or only consider a sub-area. The color transfer or the transfer rate TR in the way of the printing ink 517 from the inking device 511 to the pressure point 502 ultimately determines the occupancy of the substrate S. ; S ' with printing ink 517 , e.g. B. the color density in the print image.

As already stated above, the color engraving cylinder is a preferred embodiment 512 temperature-controllable, in particular designed so that temperature-control fluid can flow through it. This is done, for example, at the front via a rotary leadthrough 692 (in 50 and 51 z . B. only indicated schematically). The color relief cylinder is also an advantageous further development 519 temperature controlled, via z. B. the rotating union 748 can be flowed through with temperature control fluid, and / or - if available - the ink collecting cylinder 531 temperature controlled, via z. B. an interface 771 , especially rotary feedthrough 771 tempering fluid can flow through, and / or the forme cylinder 503 temperature controlled, via z. B. an interface 772 , especially rotary feedthrough 772 temperature control fluid can flow through, and / or the wiping cylinder 507 temperature controlled, via z. B. a rotating union 748 can be flowed through with temperature control fluid. The temperature control of the color engraving and / or the color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 is preferred for each of several, e.g. B. four or even five, selective color trains 529 a multicolor printing unit provided.

In an advantageous development of this first embodiment, there is the color master space 516 or the color master unit 571 also temperature controllable, in particular via a correspondingly provided interface 773 , e.g. B. a fluid coupling 773 , through which temperature control fluid can flow.

In the case of a printed matter 500 with a mixed design of the color trains 529 ; 531 , e.g. B. as with three selective to two conventional color trains 529 ; 531 , can be the ductor roller and / or the ink fountain and / or the associated ink relief cylinder 519 of the conventionally designed color train 531 also be designed to be temperature-controllable, in particular so that temperature-control fluid can flow through it.

In a first application of the temperature control or temperature control of the inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 and / or the color master space 516 or the color master unit 571 , in particular at least the color engraving cylinder 512 , is - especially during a steady production run with constant operating speed V - Through the temperature control, an operating temperature on the periphery of the inking and / or printing cylinder in question 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 or in the area of the contact area of the color master space 516 or the color master unit 571 essentially, that is to say for example with a maximum of ± 2 ° C., at a certain temperature value, e.g. B. a temperature setpoint T _S , kept constant and constant physical properties of the printing ink are ensured. Influences caused, for example, by heat input from inking and / or printing unit cylinders rolling on top of each other 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 and / or by an optionally attached to the color engraving cylinder 512 employed restraint 526 are at least largely eliminated. In an advantageous embodiment, this temperature setpoint T _{S is} adjustable, so that different specifications for the desired temperature setpoint T _{S can be} selected for different printing conditions and / or printing ink compositions. The (respective) temperature setpoint T _S can be controlled via control means, for example in the machine control 718 integrated or implemented there as a software program or program part, set or changed, the specification for example via the operating interface z. B. the machine control center 719 can be done. When tempering several of the different inking and / or printing cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 of the same inking unit 508 or color train 529 ; 532 The same or different temperature setpoint values T _{S can be} specified or specifiable. On the pretext of a temperature setpoint T _S specifying a desired set temperature representing temperature setpoint T _S should generally be understood here.

In a second application, which is advantageous instead of or preferably in addition to the first application, of temperature control or temperature control of the inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 and / or the color master space 516 or the color master unit 571 , in particular at least the color engraving cylinder 512 , the temperature of the relevant inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder is adjusted to control and / or regulate the ink transfer 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 or the color master space 516 or the color master unit 571 with a targeted change in the specification of the temperature setpoint T _S. A change in the temperature setpoint T _S can be made, for example, on the relevant inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , especially z. B. on the color engraving cylinder 512 , be required and / or carried out or initiated if the inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder concerned 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , especially z. B. the color engraving cylinder 512 , too little or too much ink 517 promotes. The latter can be determined, for example, by the printer or a possibly provided inspection system due to a lack or too much color in the print image, for example due to a value for the color density that is too low or too high. For example, there is a lack of ink 517 detected, the temperature setpoint T _S for the relevant inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder is increased 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , in particular at least the color engraving cylinder used here for color metering on the input side 512 . The temperature setpoint T _S for the relevant inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder is reversed 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , in particular at least the color engraving cylinder used here for color metering on the input side 512 lowered when there is too much ink 517 is detected. The temperature on the color engraving cylinder 512 can be varied in a targeted manner at least in the range between 35 ° C. and 55 ° C., or even between 25 ° C. and 60 ° C., by means of a corresponding variation of the temperature setpoint T _S. With variation between 35 ° C and 55 ° C on the color engraving cylinder 512 is especially under otherwise constant conditions - for example a variation in the color transfer, ie the transfer rate TR for the printing ink 517 , e.g. B. the ink transfer to the printing point 502 from z. B. 10%, in particular 15% and more, achievable. If, for example, at an initially set temperature, e.g. B. Base temperature T ₀ , e.g. B. T ₀ = 45 ° C, a lack of color in the print image is determined, the temperature on the color engraving cylinder 512 , for example by changing the temperature setpoint T _S accordingly, to a higher working temperature T ₁ set. Conversely, if too much color is found, the temperature on the color engraving cylinder is reduced 512 , for example by changing the corresponding temperature setpoint T _S , to a lower working temperature T ₂ set (see e.g. schematic in 52 . A base temperature is preferred T ₀ from Z. B. T ₀ = 45 ° C sought, with a control or regulation range of at least ± 5 ° C, in particular ± 10 ° C.

Adjusting the ink transfer via the change in temperature can, for example, in addition to eliminating a deficiency or excess of printing ink, which is necessary in the course of production 517 also be relevant in the print image for an adaptation of the color transfer to changing external conditions, such as B. differing physical properties of different printing inks 517 or at a specific operating speed intended for production V .

Although the temperature control to different temperature setpoints T _{S in} principle in different ways, for. B. can be realized by tempering the temperature control fluid to different temperatures, by varying the temperature control fluid volume flow or a combination thereof, here is preferably a unit that regulates the fluid temperature of at least the outgoing fluid to a target value 779 as a source of temperature fluid, e.g. B. a heating / cooling unit 779 , intended. Through the aggregate 779 temperature control fluid of a selectable or adjustable temperature level can preferably be provided.

Preferably, if several color units are present 529 the color engraving cylinder 512 each color unit 529 for itself and independently of the others to be tempered to a temperature setpoint T _S or be tempered. To this end, they are or will be tempered or tempered independently of one another by their own temperature control means, in particular their own temperature control fluid circuits which can be set with respect to the temperature setpoint T _S.

The evaluation of the print image and the setting or changing of the temperature setpoint T _S can be carried out offline by the operating personnel, in particular the printer. Is - z. B. offline at a test bench z. B. at the machine control center 719 or even inline in the substrate path - an inspection system with z. B. a sensor system that checks the print image, in particular desitometrically 774 , e.g. B. a desitometer 774 or a camera capable of desitometric measurement 774 , provided, the setting or changing of the temperature setpoint T _S based on the measurement result can be done directly by the printer or - instead or optionally for this - automatically via a comparison with values of a - z. B. be found to be good or originating from the prepress - reference image in a control loop.

Basically independent of the above setting, change or control of the ink transfer caused by the targeted temperature control, but preferably in addition to this is and / or the ink transfer is via variation of the contact present in print-on, ie the provision of pressure δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 , at at least one sipping point 776 ; 777 ; 778 between two on color transfer between inking device 511 and pressure point 502 involved inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , in particular at least between color engraving cylinders 512 and color relief cylinder 519 , varied or controlled. This variation takes place in print-on, ie while maintaining contact between the participating inking or printing cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 . In this case, print-on denotes an operating state that is required for operation with inking and / or printing-unit cylinders set against one another 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 is provided or foreseeable.

During the above setting or changing of the color transfer or the transfer rate TR As a rule, the temperature control is relatively sluggish, it can take place spontaneously via the aforementioned variation of the pressure setting.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, basic settings and longer-term adjustments to the color transfer are made by the above Control and / or regulation of the temperature of at least one inking unit and / or printing unit cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 , in particular at least the color engraving cylinder 512 , during dynamic changes in external conditions and / or short-term requirements for a correction via the variation of the contact, ie the pressure provision, at at least one nip point 776 ; 777 ; 778 is encountered. Such changes or requirements can for example be the result of an occurrence of an event that changes the color transfer.

The provision of printing δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 one sip of two 776 ; 777 ; 778 forming inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 should here by the measure δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 be characterized around which the two inking and / or printing cylinder 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 a center distance compared to an unloaded contact, ie a contact without any adjustment force a1 ; a2 ; a3 have a smaller center distance and thus in the area of the nipple point 776 ; 777 ; 778 a contact strip between the nipple 776 ; 777 ; 778 involved inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders 512 ; 519 ; 531 ; 503 form.

A variation of the pressure provision δ1 ; δ3 at a sipping point 776 ; 778 of the cylinder train on which one of the inking or printing unit cylinders involved 512 ; 503 a hard surface and / or indentations on the circumference 513 ; 514 has, towards greater pressure provision δ1 ; δ3 has a decreasing color transfer, to a smaller printing provision δ1 ; δ3 a growing color transfer result. This applies at least in a middle working area of the pressure provision δ1 ; δ3 around a middle working position (see e.g. schematically in 55 ).

In contrast, there is a variation in the pressure provision δ2 at a sipping point 777 of the cylinder train, on which neither of the two inking or printing unit cylinders involved 519 ; 531 a hard surface and / or indentations on the circumference 513 ; 514 has, towards greater pressure provision δ2 a growing and too small pressure provision δ2 result in a decreasing color transfer.

This applies in each case at least in a central working area of the pressure provision δ1 ; δ3 , each by a middle working position for the pressure provision δ ₀ (776) ; δ ₀ (777) around (see e.g. the in 55 exemplary for the nipples 776 and 777 schematically represented courses).

The color transfer is thus - especially dynamic - through a variation of the pressure provision δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 in at least one of the nipples 776 ; 777 ; 778 , namely the one between the color engraving cylinder 512 and color relief cylinder 519 and / or those between the color relief cylinders 19th and the preferably provided transfer cylinder 531 and / or that between the preferably provided transfer cylinder 531 and the forme cylinder 503 , can be changed in the appropriate direction. At least the pressure provision is advantageous δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 varies, but preferably simultaneously both the pressure provision δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 as well as the provision of printing δ2 in the nipple 777 between and color relief cylinder 519 and transfer cylinder 531 . Because these last two nipples 776 ; 777 both the color relief cylinder 519 and changes in the printing provision act in opposite directions, is used to adjust or change the ink transfer by changing a printing provision δ only the color relief cylinder 519 moved, namely preferably so that the pressure provision δ1 ; δ2 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 enlarged and at the same time the one between the color relief cylinder 519 and transfer cylinder 531 is reduced or vice versa.

For example, there is a lack of ink 517 detected or expected, the ink transfer is increased by reducing the pressure provided δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 and / or by increasing the pressure provision δ2 in the nipple 777 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 . Conversely, if there is an actual or expected excess of printing ink 517 a reduction in the color transfer by increasing the pressure setting δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 and / or by reducing the pressure provided δ2 in the nipple 777 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 .

Setting or changing the color transfer by varying at least one printing position is particularly suitable δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 for corrections or changes in the color transfer caused by changes occurring at short notice or rapidly changing courses of changes in the existing conditions affecting ink transfer. If such events or changes can be foreseen, the setting or changing of the color transfer can be done by varying at least one printing provision δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 can also be used for pilot control in an advantageous application. Here z. B. a variation of at least one pressure provision δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 in a fixed correlation to the occurrence and / or course of a change in the conditions prevailing in operation and influencing the color transfer.

Experience shows, for example, that the color transfer varies with the operating speed V such that the color transfer increases with increasing operating speed V decreasing and decreasing operating speed V increases (see e.g. the bottom curve in 56 ).

If you now make use of the above dependency or dependencies and give you the operating speed V correlated course for the respective pressure provision δ ; δ1 ; δ2 ; δ3 before, so can be with varying operating speed V - as it occurs, for example, when the printing press is running up and down - at least partially compensating for a change in the color transfer that would otherwise occur (see, for example, the middle and upper curve progression in 56 with the schematically illustrated correction components from the pressure settings that are varied in relation to the speed profile and raise the curve δ1 ; δ2 in the sip points 776 and 777 ).

Preferably, as the operating speed increases V the provision of printing δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 reduced and / or the provision of pressure δ2 in the nipple 777 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 elevated. The opposite is true as the operating speed decreases V the provision of printing δ1 in the nipple 776 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 increased and / or the provision of pressure δ2 in the nipple 777 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 reduced. The increase or decrease here preferably relates to one when the steady-state production speed is reached V _P (i.e. V = V _P ) desired target value for the pressure setting δ . So z. B. the start value for the pressure provision δ1 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 at low speeds above the pressure setting required for stationary production δ1 , the one for the printing δ2 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 at low speeds below the pressure setting required for stationary production δ2 .

In from the machine control 718 included or associated with this control 782 a corresponding functional or tabular relationship Z is preferably stored or implemented, that of a current operating speed V a default value for a pressure provision δ1 between color engraving and color relief cylinder 512 ; 519 and / or the provision of printing δ2 between color relief cylinders 519 and transfer cylinder 531 assigns representative size. This the respective printing provision δ1 ; δ2 The representative variable can be a position value to be assumed by a sensor system that supplies a cylinder position, a control value of an actuator that can be controlled, for example, in the travel range, or any other pressure setting in question δ1 be uniquely characterizing quantity. To implement the z. B. on the relevant size assigned pressure provision δ1 ; δ2 appropriate control means and actuators are provided. This can be done in the event that the color engraving cylinder 512 should be set, above, the switching on / off of the color engraving cylinder 512 causing drive means 687 or additional drive means serving a fine adjustment together with this controlling control means. In the preferred case that for this purpose - in particular only - the color relief cylinder 519 should be made, this can be, for example, the color relief cylinder 519 on / off, in particular electromotive drive means 783 be, which on its adjusting mechanism, z. B. on the the color relief cylinder 519 bearing eccentric bushes acts. Alternatively, this can be drive means acting on a stop means, the stop means defining the contact position, pressure-on, and for varying the pressure setting δ1 ; δ2 are provided by the drive means.

In an advantageous combination of the two procedures, for example, as a result of a visual inspection or as a result of a sensor system 774 detected discrepancy in color from z. B. a reference image as well as a quick correction via the above-mentioned variation of the pressure setting δ1 ; δ2 and the temperature setpoint T _S can also be changed. With the changing temperature and the accompanying change in the color transfer, the correction can then be made by varying the pressure provision δ1 ; δ2 - e.g. B. gradually - to be withdrawn.

List of reference symbols

100

Substrate feed, sheet feeder

200

Conveyor line, first

201

Bow system

202

Funding

203

Transfer drum

300

Conveyor line, second

301

Transport device

400

Product pick-up, delivery, stack delivery

401

Stacking room

500

Printing unit, gravure printing unit, multi-color printing unit

501

Printing cylinder, impression cylinder

502

Pressure point

503

Printing cylinder, forme cylinder, intaglio printing cylinder

504

Printing form, intaglio printing form, printing plate

505

-

506

Removal device, wiping device

507

Wiping cylinder

508

Inking unit

509

Printing unit

510

-

511

Inking device

512

Inking cylinder, color engraving cylinder, selective cylinder

513

Depression, engraving ( 512 )

513.1

Consolidation, control consolidation, examination consolidation ( 512 )

513.2

Consolidation, control consolidation, examination consolidation ( 512 )

513.3

Deepening, control deepening, reference deepening ( 512 )

513.4

Deepening, control deepening, reference deepening ( 512 )

513.6

Deepening ( 512 )

513.7

Deepening ( 512 )

513.8

Deepening ( 512 )

513.9

Deepening ( 512 )

514

Depression, engraving ( 504 )

514.1

Consolidation, control consolidation, examination consolidation ( 504 )

514.2

Consolidation, control consolidation, examination consolidation ( 504 )

514.3

Deepening, control deepening, reference deepening ( 504 )

514.4

Deepening, control deepening, reference deepening ( 504 )

514.6

deepening

514.7

deepening

514.8

deepening

514.9

deepening

515

-

516

Color master space

517

Printing ink

518

Lateral surface ( 512 )

519

Inking cylinder, color relief cylinder, stencil cylinder

520

-

521

Lateral surface ( 519 )

522

Area, raised ( 519 )

522.1

Areas, raised, corresponding ( 519 )

522.2

Areas, raised, corresponding ( 519 )

522.3

Areas, raised, corresponding ( 519 )

522.4

Areas, raised, corresponding ( 519 )

522.6

Area, test area, control area, raised ( 519 )

522.7

Area, test area, control area, raised ( 519 )

522.8

Area, reference area, control area, raised ( 519 )

522.9

Area, reference area, control area, raised ( 519 )

523

Area, engraved ( 504 )

524

Elevation ( 519 )

524.1

Surveys, corresponding ( 519 )

524.2

Surveys, corresponding ( 519 )

524.3

Surveys, corresponding ( 519 )

524.4

Surveys, corresponding ( 519 )

524.6

Survey, control area, test survey ( 519 )

524.7

Survey, control area, test survey ( 519 )

524.8

Survey, control area, reference survey ( 519 )

524.9

Survey, control area, reference survey ( 519 )

524 '

Elevation, fused ( 519 )

525

-

526

Restraint

527

transmission

528

transmission

529

Color unit, color train, selective ( 763 ; 764 )

530

-

531

Inking cylinder, transfer cylinder, ink collecting cylinder

532

Color unit, color train, conventional

533

Frame, partial frame

534

Double arrow

535

-

536

Drive means, actuator, pressure medium operated, working cylinder, pneumatic cylinder

537

Side part, frame part, side plate

538

Frame, partial frame

539

Holding means, side part

540

-

541

axis

542

Double arrow

543

Drive means, electric motor

544

Device for axial equalization, paint distribution device, paint stirring device

545

-

546

Paint distributor, distributor finger, paint stirrer

547

Cross member, traverse

548

Sledge

549

Guide, linear guide

550

-

551

Actuator

552

Axial drive, traversing drive

553

End, effective, agitator head ( 546 )

554

Retaining means holder, doctor blade holder

555

-

556

Recording bar

557

Cover strip

558

Side part, frame part, side plate

559

Cylinder pins, ends, pins ( 512 )

560

-

561

Paint collecting device

562

Collecting container, collecting tray

563

Guide device, guide plate

564

Barrier, drop barrier, bar

565

-

566

Edge, squeegee edge

567

Side part, side plate

568

Side, sealing side ( 567 )

569

Holding device

570

-

571

Color master unit, color box

572

Acceptance device

573

Linear guide, dovetail guide

574

Swing arm

575

-

576

Guide, linear guide, parallelogram guide

577

Connection, ball joint head

578

Side part, slide

579

guide

580

-

581

Drive means, electric motor ( 544 )

582

Transmission, traction mechanism ( 544 )

583

Eccentric disc

584

Recess

585

-

586

Extension, tab

587

Gear, corner gear

588

Double arrow

589

Cross member, traverse

590

-

591

Traction device, toothed belt

592

Drive wheel, belt wheel

593

Stirring elements

594

Sensor device

595

-

596

Section ( 546 )

597

Sensor, strain gauge

598

rejuvenation

599

Filler piece

600

-

601

Adjusting and / or conveying device, pump

602

Ink reservoir, ink tank

603

Line section

604

Temperature control device, heating device

605

-

606

Cleaning tape, paper web

607

Deflection element, guide wedge

608

Supply, roll

609

Recording, role

610

-

611

Deflection element, deflection pulley

612

Deflection element, deflection pulley

613

Frame ( 572 )

614

Holding and / or locking device

615

-

616

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor, angle position regulated or adjustable, torque motor, hollow shaft motor

617

Sensor, proximity switch

618

Emergency stop switching element, emergency stop switch

619

Paint outlet

620

-

621

Frame construction

622

Line section

623

Restraint means, others

624

Guide device, guide plate

625

-

626

Adjusting mechanism

627

Chamber doctor blade

628

Cylinder body, solid cylinder, hollow cylinder, cylinder body

629

Cylinder wall

630

-

631

Cylindrical surface, lateral surface ( 628 )

632

Surface, lateral surface ( 633 )

633

Layer, active or top layer, coating

634

Layer structure

635

-

636

Interlayer, substrate, adhesive substrate, layer

637

Ink transfer form, ink transfer form sleeve, sleeve

638

Carrier layer

639

Cylinder barrel

640

-

641

Outlet opening, blowing opening

642

Axial section

643

Gutter

644

Outlet opening, blowing opening

645

-

646

Supply line

647

Supply line

648

Entry point, coupling piece, valve coupling

649

Lifting gear, paragraph

650

-

651

Temperature control medium inflow, line section

652

Temperature control medium return flow, line section

653

Flow channel

654

Flow channel

655

-

656

wall

657

Body, displacement body

658

Line, pipeline, drilling

659

Distribution room

660

-

661

Collection room

662

End cap

663

End cap

664

Body, rotationally symmetrical, sleeve, tubular sleeve

665

-

666

Body, rotationally symmetrical, sleeve, tubular sleeve

667

Space, pressure chamber

668

Space, pressure chamber

669

Separator

670

-

671

Bearing means, bearing cap

672

Radial bearing

673

Rolling elements

674

Connection, articulation

675

-

676

End section ( 578 )

677

Shaft section

678

Connection, press fit, cone fit

679

Bearing housing

680

-

681

Connection, screw connection

682

screw

683

Thrust bearings

684

Cross member

685

-

686

Actuator

687

Drive means, electric motor, piston-cylinder system, pneumatic cylinder

688

transmission

689

Slings

690

-

691

Radial bearing

692

Interface, rotating union

693

Radial bearing

694

Wall opening

695

-

696

Drive, adjustment drive

697

-

698

Drive means, drive motor, servo motor, torque motor

699

Drive motor, servo motor, torque motor

700

-

701

gear

702

gear

703

Drive motor, auxiliary motor, equipment motor

704

Drive motor, servo motor, torque motor

705

-

706

gear

707

gear

708

Drive pinion

709

Drive motor, servo motor, torque motor

710

-

711

Control and / or regulating device, drive controller

712

Control and / or regulating device, drive controller

713

Control and / or regulating device, drive controller

714

Control and / or regulating device, drive controller

715

-

716

Control and / or regulating device, drive controller

717

Control, drive control

718

Machine control

719

Machine control station

720

-

721

Sensors, angular position encoders, rotary encoders

722

Sensors, angular position encoders, rotary encoders

723

Sensors, angular position encoders, rotary encoders

724

coupling

725

-

726

Shaft, drive shaft

727

Coupling, metal bellows coupling

728

Eccentric bushing

729

Radial bearing

730

-

731

Radial bearing

732

Rifle

733

Eccentric bushing

734

Axial drive

735

-

736

Drive means, drive motor

737

Screw drive

738

Rifle

739

Radial bearing

740

-

741

Torque arm

742

Eccentric bushing

743

Radial bearing

744

Torque arm

745

-

746

Cylinder journal

747

wave

748

Interface, rotating union

749

Drive means, axial drive

750

-

751

Channel ( 519 )

752

Edge area

753

Sensor technology, camera

754

Display device

755

-

756

Control means, data processing equipment

757

User interface

758

Signal connection

759

Signal connection

760

-

761

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 512 , Regarding axial direction)

761 '

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 512 , Regarding axial direction)

762

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 512 , Regarding circumferential direction)

762 '

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 512 , Regarding circumferential direction)

763

Image element, reference element ( 512 , Regarding axial direction)

764

Image element, reference element ( 512 , Regarding circumferential direction)

765

-

766

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 519 , Regarding axial direction)

766 '

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 519 , Regarding axial direction)

767

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 519 , Regarding circumferential direction)

767 '

Image element, test element, register mark, registration mark, color register mark ( 519 , Regarding circumferential direction)

768

Image element, reference element ( 519 , Regarding axial direction)

769

Image element, reference element ( 519 , Regarding circumferential direction)

770

-

771

Interface, rotating union

772

Interface, rotating union

773

Interface, fluid coupling

774

Sensor technology, desitometer, camera

775

-

776

Sipping point

777

Sipping point

778

Sipping point

779

Unit, heating-cooling unit

780

-

781

-

782

control

783

Drive means, electric motor

a1

Center distance

a2

Center distance

a3

Center distance

b514

Width, line width

b513

Width, line width

b524

width

d633

Thickness, layer thickness ( 633 )

d636

Layer thickness

d368

Layer thickness

g ₁

parameter

g ₂

parameter

g ₃

parameter

1512

length

1639

length

w538

Expanse, clear

D628

Cylinder body diameter

G1

Gear factor

G2

Gear factor

G3

Gear factor

N _i

Use

R512

Axis of rotation

R _a (512)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a '(512)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a "(512)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a '"(512)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a * (512)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _u (512)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u '(512)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u "(512)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u '"(512)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u * (512)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _a (519)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a '(519)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _a * (519)

Test field, regarding the axial direction

R _u (519)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u '(519)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

R _u * (519)

Test field, regarding the circumferential direction

T ₀

Base temperature

T ₁

Working temperature

T ₂

Working temperature

V1

Regulation

V2

Regulation

V _should

Target speed

V _P

Production speed

TR

Transfer rate

I (a)

Intensity curve

I (u)

Intensity curve

t

time

D.

Operating direction of rotation

S.

Substrate, substrate sheet, printing material sheet, security sheet, substrate section

S '

Substrate, substrate sheet, simply printed, substrate section; Track section

T

Transport direction

V

Operating speed

Φ _i

Actual angular position

Φ _i (503)

Actual angular position

Φ _i (512)

Actual angular position

Φ _i (519)

Actual angular position

Φ _i (531)

Actual angular position

Φ _L

Angular position, master axis

Φ _M

Angular position, master

Φ _M (L)

Angular position, master

Φ _M (503)

Angular position, master

Φ _M (512)

Angular position, master

Φ _M (519)

Angular position, master

Φ _M (531)

Angular position, master

Φ _p

Target angular position

Φ _M (503)

Target angular position

Φ _M (512)

Target angular position

Φ _M (519)

Target angular position

Φ _M (531)

Target angular position

ΔΦ

Correction angle

ΔΦ (512)

Correction angle

ΔΦ (519)

Correction angle

ΔΦ (531)

Correction angle

δ

Provision of printing

δ1

Provision of printing

δ2

Provision of printing

δ3

Provision of printing

δ ₀ (776)

Provision of printing

δ ₀ (777)

Provision of printing

{P}

parameter

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2909033 B1 [0002]
• US 4604951 A [0003]
• WO 2005/077656 A1 [0004]
• CN 101544098 B [0005]
• WO 2011/077350 A1 [0006]
• WO 2004/069538 A2 [0007]

Claims (20)

A method for setting and / or changing an ink transfer in a printing unit (500) operating according to a gravure printing process with a forme cylinder (503) which comprises an imaging pattern of depressions (514) on its periphery, and with an inking unit (508) through which the pattern of recesses (514) provided on the forme cylinder (503) is colored, - partial coloring of the forme cylinder (503) from an inking device (511) over a first, in the area of its lateral surface (518) to recesses (514) the forme cylinder (503) corresponding inking cylinder (512) having depressions (513) and a second inking cylinder (512) which forms a nip point (776) with the first inking cylinder (512) and is partially to be inked by the first inking cylinder (512), and wherein Inking the forme cylinder (503) by the second inking unit cylinder (519) directly via a nip point with the second inking unit cylinder (519) or it takes place indirectly via a nip point (777) formed between the second inking unit cylinder (519) and a third inking unit cylinder (531) and a nip point (778) formed between the third inking unit cylinder (531) and the forme cylinder (503), characterized in that for setting and / or changing the color transfer the extent of a contact present in print-on, ie the printing provision (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3), at at least one of the nip points (776; 777; 778) between two inking and / or printing cylinders (512; 519; 531; 503) involved in the ink transfer between inking device (511) and printing point (502) is varied. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the color transfer is controlled during operation by changing the color transfer by consciously varying the pressure setting (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3) at at least one of the nip points (776; 777; 778) between two on the color transfer between inking device (511) and printing point (502) involved inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders (512; 519; 531; 503) takes place. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that, to change the ink transfer, the pressure setting (δ1) is varied at at least the nipple point (776; 777; 778) between the first and second inking cylinder (512; 519). Procedure according to Claim 1 , 2 or 3 , characterized in that, for changing the ink transfer, the printing position (δ; δ2) at at least the nip point (776; 777; 778) between the second inking unit cylinder (512; 519) and the next inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders (512; 519; 531 ; 503) is varied. Procedure according to the Claims 3 and 4th , characterized in that, for changing the ink transfer, both the printing position at at least the nipple (776; 777; 778) formed between the first and second inking unit cylinder (512; 519) and the printing position at the nipple (777) between the second inking unit cylinder (519 ) and the next inking unit cylinder (531) formed by the third inking unit cylinder (531) is varied. Procedure according to the Claims 1 , 2 , 3 , 4th and 5 , characterized in that the pressure setting (δ3) between the third inking cylinder (531) and the forme cylinder (503) is varied to change the ink transfer. Procedure according to Claim 1 , 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 or 6th , characterized in that a variation of the pressure setting (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3) in at least one of the nip points (776; 777; 778) in a fixed correlation to the occurrence and / or course of a change to be expected during operation in an ink transfer during operation influencing condition is made on the basis of a given relationship. Procedure according to Claim 7 , characterized in that a variation of the pressure setting (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3) in at least one of the nip points (776; 777; 778) in a fixed correlation to the current and / or desired operating speed (V), in particular to a speed profile when starting up of the printing machine comprising the printing unit (500) from standstill or from a low operating speed (V) to production speed (V _P ) and / or when the printing machine comprising the printing unit (500) is shut down from production speed (V _P ) to a lower operating speed (V ) or to a standstill. Procedure according to Claim 1 , 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 , 6th , 7th or 8th , characterized in that, in order to increase the ink transfer, a reduction in the printing position (δ1) in the nipple point (776) between the first and second inking unit cylinders (512; 519) and / or an increase in the printing position (δ2) in the nipple point (777) between the second Inking unit cylinder (519) and third inking unit cylinder (531) is made and that to reduce the ink transfer, an increase in the printing position (δ1) in the nipple point (776) between the first and second inking cylinder (512; 519) and / or a reduction in the printing position (δ2 ) is made in the nip point (777) between the second inking cylinder (519) and the third inking cylinder (531). Procedure according to Claim 1 , 2 , 3 , 4th , 5 , 6th , 7th , 8th or 9 , characterized in that a temperature present on the circumference of the first inking unit cylinder (512) is deliberately varied for setting and / or changing the ink transfer. Procedure according to Claim 10 , characterized in that the change in temperature takes place as a result of a change in a specification for a temperature setpoint relating to the desired temperature for a temperature control fluid. Printing unit (500) for printing substrate (S; S ') by a gravure printing process, in particular for use in a process according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 , with a forme cylinder (503) which comprises an imaging pattern of depressions (514) on its circumference, and with an inking unit (508) by which the pattern of depressions (514) provided on the forme cylinder (503) is colored, - wherein a forme cylinder (503) from an inking device (511) via a first inking unit cylinder (512) having depressions (513) corresponding to depressions (514) on the forme cylinder (503) in the region of its lateral surface (518) and a second inking cylinder (512) with the first inking cylinder (512) forming a nip point (776) and the second inking cylinder (512) to be partially inked by the first inking cylinder (512) is partially inkable, - and wherein the forme cylinder (503) through the second inking cylinder (519) directly via a nip point with the second inking unit cylinder (519) or indirectly via a nip point (777) formed between the second inking unit cylinder (519) and a third inking unit cylinder (531) as well as a z between the third inking cylinder (531) and the forme cylinder (503) formed nip point (778) can be inked, characterized in that a drive means (687; 783) is provided, through which a variation of the pressure setting (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3) at at least one of the nip points (776; 777; 778) between two involved in the color transfer between inking device (511) and printing point (502) during operation Inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders (512; 519; 531; 503) can be brought about while maintaining mutual contact. Printing unit after Claim 12 , characterized in that at least one of the inking or printing unit cylinders (512; 519; 531; 503) forming the at least one nipple point (776; 777; 778) with one another during operation and while maintaining the touch contact in its center distance (a1; a2; a3 ) on the other hand, the inking unit and / or printing unit cylinders (512; 519; 531; 503) forming the nipple point (776; 777; 778) are mounted variably in a frame (538; 533) of the inking unit (508) and that through the over a control (782) remotely operable drive means (687; 783) of the inking or printing cylinder (512; 519; 531; 504) itself in its relative position to the other inking and / or printing cylinder (512; 519; 531; 503) or one of its Attitude limit stop means is adjustable. Printing unit after Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that a change in the ink transfer in the inking unit (508) during operation by varying the printing position (δ; δ1; δ2; δ3) at the nip point (776) between the first and second inking unit cylinders (512; 519) and / or at the nip point (777) between the second inking unit cylinder (512; 519) and the third inking unit cylinder (531). Printing unit after Claim 14 , characterized in that the second inking unit cylinder (519) is movably mounted in the frame (538; 533) of the inking unit (508) that, while maintaining the respective contact contact, a variation of the printing position (δ1) at the nip point (776) between the first and second inking cylinder (512; 519) as well as a variation of the pressure setting (δ2) at the nip point (777) between the second inking cylinder (512; 519) and the third inking cylinder (531), in particular in the opposite direction, can be brought about. Printing unit after Claim 12 , 13 , 14th or 15th , characterized in that the drive means (687; 783) is in signal connection with control means of a controller (782), in which a functional or tabular relationship Z is stored or implemented, which gives a current operating speed (V) a default value for a pressure setting ( δ1; δ2) between the first and second inking unit cylinder (512; 519) and / or the pressure setting (δ2) between the second inking unit cylinder (519) and transfer cylinder (531) assigns size, and which causes the variation of the printing setting (δ1; δ2) Controls the drive means (687; 783) in accordance with the preset value given by the relationship Z for the current operating speed (V). Printing unit after Claim 12 , 13 , 14th , 15th or 16 , characterized in that the first inking unit cylinder (512) for setting and / or changing an ink transfer to the second inking unit cylinder (519) is designed to be temperature-controllable, in particular, tempering fluid can flow through it. Printing unit after Claim 17 , characterized in that the printing unit (500) has several color trains (529) each with an inking device (511), a first, indentation (513) having inking unit cylinder (512) and a second inking unit cylinder (519), and that several or all first inking unit cylinders (512) are designed to be temperature-controlled independently of one another at different temperatures. Printing unit after Claim 17 or 18th , characterized in that the temperature of the first inking unit cylinder (512) can be varied by changing a temperature setpoint for a temperature control fluid. Printing machine with a printing unit (500) according to one of the Claims 1 to 19th , characterized by their design as a security printing machine and / or as a sheet-like substrate (S; S ') processing printing machine and / or a gravure printing machine operating according to the intaglio process, comprising a substrate feed (100) through which the printing machine feeds the substrate to be printed ( S; S ') can be fed, a first conveyor line (200) through which the substrate (S; S') can be fed to the at least one printing unit (500), a second conveyor line (300) through which the substrate (S ') can be fed directly or indirectly to a product receptacle (400), by means of which the at least one printed substrate (S ') can be combined into packs.

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