DE102019004484A1 - Modular chamber dryer system - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to FIG. 1, comprising- chamber dryer (1.1) for drying and / or curing the coatings, lacquers and / or adhesive layers on and / or in workpieces (2A) with thermal energy or additionally with actinic radiation and- cooling chambers ( 1.2), which are connected to the chamber dryer (1.1) and serve to cool the coated, lacquered and / or glued workpieces (2B), - transport systems (4) for the removal of the workpieces (2B) from the cooling chambers (1.2), - Transport systems (3), for transporting the workpieces (2A) to and into the chamber dryer (1.1), - functional intermediate spaces (5) between the outer walls (1.1.3; 1.2.3) of the chamber dryer (1.1) and the cooling chambers (1.2 ) and / or functional structures (13) on the outer roofs (1.1.9; 1.2.9) of the chamber dryer (1.1) and the cooling chambers (1.2) with (i) devices (5.1; 5.2) for the supply (5.1.1) and discharge (5.2.1) of thermal energy to the chamber dryer (1.1) or additionally with (ii) devices (5.3) for the energy supply (5.3.1) to the sources (5.3.2) of actinic radiation in the chamber dryers (1.1), (iii) devices (5.4; 5.5) for the supply (5.4.1) of cooling gases (5.4.3) to the interior (1.2.4) of the cooling chambers (1.2) and for the removal (5.5.1) of thermal energy from the cooling chambers (1.2) and Control units (6) for the thermodynamic regulation of the devices (5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5) for the chamber dryer (1.1) and for the cooling chambers (1.2).

Description

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a modular chamber dryer system for drying and / or curing the coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers on and / or in workpieces and for cooling the coated, lacquered and / or bonded workpieces.

The present invention also relates to a method for drying and / or hardening the coatings, lacquers and / or adhesive layers on and / or in workpieces and for cooling the coated, lacquered and / or glued workpieces.

State of the art

From the international patent application WO 2005/047794 and the European patent EP 1676082B1 a system for drying objects is known which has a dryer cabin in which the objects are exposed to hot gases. The process exhaust air from a high-temperature fuel cell, which is fed directly into the dryer cabin, is used as hot gases. The high-temperature fuel cell is operated according to the need for thermal energy for the drying process. The system and the corresponding method for drying objects should manage with little expenditure on equipment and have a very high energy efficiency.

High-temperature fuel cells that are operated at 650 to 1000 ° C, however, have very high technical requirements. The sealing technology between the gas spaces is very complex (high temperature seal). Conventional flat seals simply fail. Cohesive connections can short-circuit the electrodes. Therefore, special sealing materials such as glass solders are currently used for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) applications. Mechanical stresses during operation are mainly due to temperature differences in the cell and different thermal expansion coefficients (TEC) of the materials. In addition, there is an increased tendency to creep or oxidation processes or high-temperature corrosion. In addition, there is no indication of how to effectively and efficiently cool the hot dried items so that they can be handled again.

For these reasons, this technology appears to be unsuitable for industrial use in the automotive industry.

From the German patent DE 10 2010 012 534 B4 a system for coating objects and curing the coating with electromagnetic radiation is known. The system includes an application cabin and a dryer cabin that is filled with inert gas. The application cabin is arranged above or below the dryer cabin. After the coating, the coated object is rotated into the dryer booth, in which the coating is cured with electromagnetic radiation.

A comparable device is from the European patent EP 2550497 B1 known. As a conveyor system, this has a lifting / lowering device by means of which the object is conveyed with a vertical movement component from the application booth into the drying room.

From the German patent DE 10 2004 025 526 B4 a device for drying objects, in particular painted vehicle bodies, is known which has a drying chamber, the interior of which is filled with an inert gas atmosphere. The drying chamber furthermore comprises an inlet lock chamber which communicates at least temporarily with the normal atmosphere present outside the device and at least temporarily with the inert gas atmosphere present in the drying chamber. In addition, the device comprises a conveyor system with which the objects can be moved through the inlet lock chamber into the drying chamber and out of it again.

However, these systems can only be used for curing coatings with electromagnetic radiation. In addition, the necessary use of inert gas makes additional measures necessary to prevent contamination with ambient air.

From the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 44 36 018 A1 is a cabin-like dryer for a paint shop with an interior for receiving painted objects to be dried and at least a heating element arranged in the dryer for heating it is known. At least one heating element is arranged in the dryer, which in turn can be heated using exhaust air from the paint shop that is routed through at least one clean gas pipeline, subjected to thermal cleaning and heated in the process. The dryer can form a module, so that the dryer device of a painting installation is constructed from several similar modules of this type arranged one behind the other, the clean gas pipeline extending through the entire dryer device. There is no indication of how to effectively and efficiently cool the hot dried items so that they can be handled again.

Object of the present invention

The present invention was based on the object of providing a chamber dryer which is characterized by a compact design and can be heated with fuels such as natural gas, hot water, thermal oil or electricity. It is intended to enable component-dependent heating and cooling through variable control of the temperature, variable control of the amount of energy via the volume flow and variable control of the cycle time, so that different objects or components can be individually thermally treated in a series process and then effectively and efficiently cooled again so that they can be handled again without any problems. This should enable energy to be saved by adapting the amounts of energy to the respective components and objects, but in particular to the motor vehicle bodies. Above all, however, the chamber dryer should make it possible to provide an expandable and variably configurable drying / cooling system.

The solution according to the invention

Accordingly, the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention according to claim 1 has been found. Advantageous embodiments of the modular chamber drying system emerge from the dependent patent claims.

In addition, the method according to the invention according to claim 18 for drying and / or hardening workpieces with undried and / or unhardened coatings, lacquers and adhesive layers has been found, which is carried out with the aid of the modular chamber drying system.

The advantages of the solution according to the invention

With the aid of the modular chamber drying system according to the invention, workpiece-dependent process specifications can be easily implemented. Individual adjustment of the process air to the areas of the workpieces to be heated, in particular the motor vehicle bodies, is possible. An individual drying time can also be set. The process air supply through the window openings 360 ° around the body is easy to implement, so that optimal heating takes place from the inside. The bodies of special models as well as heavy and armored bodies can be dried without any problems. In the modular chamber drying systems according to the invention, the chamber dryers can be combined and expanded as required and they can be set up in parallel or in a line. When changing the model, only minor modifications and changes to the process parameters are necessary, if at all. The air supply can be designed particularly flexibly through intelligent control of the flaps. If the number of units is reduced, individual chamber dryers can be switched off. The process flow is very flexible due to the batch-wise loading. A reduced exhaust air volume flow is achieved, which can be up to 25% of the minimum exhaust air flow after the main evaporation time has elapsed. The modular chamber dryer systems can also be arranged one above the other, so that the existing floor space can be used optimally.

Further advantages emerge from the description below.

Detailed description of the solution according to the invention

The modular chamber dryer system according to the invention comprises at least two, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four and in particular at least five separate, structurally identical, thermally insulated, lockable chamber dryer with parallel longitudinal axes or at least one common longitudinal axis for drying and / or curing the coatings, paintwork and / or Adhesive layers on and / or in at least one workpiece each with thermal energy or thermal energy and actinic radiation.

In addition, the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention comprises at least two, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four and especially at least five separate, structurally identical, thermally insulated, closable cooling chambers with parallel longitudinal axes or at least one common longitudinal axis. Each of the cooling chambers, viewed in the transport direction of the workpieces, is spatially and functionally directly connected to the outlet door of each chamber dryer with its inlet door and is used for the controlled cooling of the at least one now coated, varnished and / or glued workpiece.

In addition, the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention comprises at least one transport system which serves to transport away the cooled, coated, lacquered and / or glued workpieces discharged from the outlet gates of the cooling chambers.

Furthermore, the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention comprises at least one transport system that is used to transport the workpieces with the non-dried and / or uncured coatings, paintwork and / or adhesive layers to and through the inlet gates into the chamber dryer.

The workpieces in the transport system are preferably protected from dust, aerosols and other floating bodies. For this purpose, the transport system preferably comprises a dust protection tunnel through which the workpieces are transported.

A functional intermediate space is located between the mutually associated parallel outer walls of the at least two chamber dryers and the at least two cooling chambers.

This functional intermediate space has devices for the thermodynamically regulated supply and removal of thermal energy to the at least two chamber dryers or additional devices for the regulated energy supply to the sources of actinic radiation in the at least two chamber dryers. This is of particular advantage when the coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers can be cured both thermally and with actinic radiation, which is also referred to as dual-cure.

Furthermore, the functional intermediate space has devices for the separately controllable supply of cooling gases to the interior of the at least two cooling chambers and for the removal of thermal energy from the at least two cooling chambers.

Instead of the functional interspace, a common functional structure on the outer roof of each of the at least two chamber dryers and the outer roof of each of the at least two cooling chambers and / or a separate functional structure on the outer roof of each of the at least two chamber dryers and a separate functional structure can be used the outer roof of each of the at least two cooling chambers contain the aforementioned devices and functions.

• - der Vorrichtungen für die thermodynamisch geregelte Zuführung von thermischer Energie zu den Kammertrocknern,
• - der Vorrichtungen für die thermodynamisch geregelte Abführung von thermische Energie aus den Kammertrocknern,
• - der Vorrichtungen für die geregelte Energiezuführung zu den Quellen aktinischer Strahlung,
• - der Vorrichtungen für die separat regelbare Zuführung von Kühlgasen zu den Abkühlkammern und
• - der Vorrichtungen für die Abführung von thermischer Energie aus den Abkühlkammern.

Last but not least, the modular chamber dryer system has at least one, preferably electronic, control unit for the thermodynamic regulation

• - the devices for the thermodynamically controlled supply of thermal energy to the chamber dryers,
• - the devices for the thermodynamically regulated removal of thermal energy from the chamber dryers,
• - the devices for the regulated supply of energy to the sources of actinic radiation,
• - The devices for the separately controllable supply of cooling gases to the cooling chambers and
• - the devices for the removal of thermal energy from the cooling chambers.

As input, the at least one electronic control unit receives measured values of the temperatures in the chamber dryers, the cooling chambers, the clean gases from the kiln, the kiln and the exhaust gases from the chamber dryer, the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOC), the Circulating air quantities, the fresh air proportions and the fan performance that processed by customary and known algorithms and fed as output for regulating the relevant devices.

The regulations of the standard DIN EN 1539 "Dryers and ovens in which flammable substances are released" are observed.

The modular chamber dryer system according to the invention is suitable for workpieces of all kinds that can be made of metals, plastics, glasses, woods, ceramics, cement, concrete, stones, bricks, natural and synthetic fibers and / or of at least two of these materials. Preference is given to using metals, particularly preferably steels and iron alloys with transition metals such as chromium, nickel, cobalt and manganese, as well as aluminum and aluminum alloys such as aluminum-magnesium alloys, and plastics, preferably temperature-resistant engineering plastics, particularly preferably thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics.

The workpieces are preferably metal parts, tools, machines, machine parts, bodies of means of locomotion and parts thereof, construction panels, construction tubes and construction segments.

The bodies of means of transport and parts thereof can preferably be bodies of motor vehicles and parts thereof, bodies of rail vehicles and parts thereof, of boat hulls, floating bodies, motor boats, lifeboats, life rafts, masts, chimneys, stairs, railings or buoys and parts thereof , of aircraft fuselages and small aircraft and parts thereof, in particular wings, rudders, elevators, cockpits, propellers, turbines and parts thereof, or around construction panels, construction tubes and construction segments with square, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, curved, circular segment-shaped, circular and oval cross-sections preferably for the construction of transportable and stationary, above-ground and underground structures.

Furthermore, the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention is suitable for the curing and / or drying of non-dried and non-cured coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers of household appliances such as white goods.

The bodies of motor vehicles are particularly preferably treated in the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention. In particular, the motor vehicle bodies are selected from the group consisting of bodies of minibuses, light trucks, vans, station wagons, compact cars, electric vehicles, convertibles, sports cars, luxury limousines, security limousines, money transporters, SUVs, SUV coupes and SUV convertibles.

In each chamber dryer there are devices for the thermodynamically controlled supply of thermal energy, preferably thermal energy in the form of hot gases, in particular hot air, in the lower areas, in the upper areas and in each of the two side areas. In particular, these are nozzles that are regulated separately. In addition, there are devices in each chamber dryer for the dissipation of thermal energy, preferably in the form of suction of the exhaust gases containing volatile organic compounds (VOC).

According to the invention, it is advantageous if the nozzles in the upper and lower areas of the chamber dryer are directed into the openings of the workpieces, in particular the bodies of means of transport. As a result, particularly effective and efficient curing and / or drying is achieved, which does not impair the quality of the coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers on the outer surfaces of the workpieces

In addition, each chamber dryer can additionally contain sources of actinic radiation. Actinic radiation is to be understood as meaning corpuscular radiation such as electron radiation and electromagnetic radiation such as infrared radiation, near infrared (NIR), visible light, UV radiation and X-rays. In particular, infrared radiation is used. The usual and known infrared emitters are used as light sources.

In each of the at least two cooling chambers there are devices for the controllable supply of cooling gases to the interior of the at least two cooling chambers and for the removal of thermal energy from the cooling chambers. The devices for supplying cooling gases are in particular separately controllable nozzles which preferably have condensate rings. The heated exhaust gases are discharged through at least one suction device, which is preferably driven by fans becomes. The interior of the cooling chambers has a sloping roof to prevent the formation of condensate droplets.

The extractors in the chamber dryers and the cooling chambers are preferably arranged in the lower and upper areas.

The inlet gates and the outlet gates of the chamber driers and the cooling chambers are preferably selected from the group consisting of sectional gates, high-speed gates, swing gates, sliding gates, hinged gates, accordion gates and folding gates.

The arrangement of the nozzles in the side areas of the chamber dryer and / or the nozzles in the side areas of the cooling chambers are preferably adapted to the contours of the workpieces. Alternatively, the nozzles in the side areas of the chamber dryer and / or the nozzles in the side areas of the cooling chambers are arranged in the form of a uniform grid and are to be closed and opened in such a way that the opened nozzles are adapted to the contours of the workpieces.

The thermal energy for the chamber dryer is preferably supplied by at least one kiln. This is preferably controlled electronically by the control unit. Gasoline, diesel, petroleum, natural gas, methane, propane, butane and / or mixtures of at least two of these fuels can be used as fuels. In addition, the kiln also serves to post-burn the exhaust gases from the chamber driers and, if necessary, from the cooling chambers.

In the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention, thermally stable, corrosion-resistant, chemically resistant and mechanically stable materials such as anodized aluminum, V2A steel, V4A steel, copper, high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials, non-flammable high-temperature-resistant sealing materials and plastics that are up to 450 ° C are used in the hot zones are resistant and, if necessary, made flame-proof.

• (i) Innenabmessungen:
  • - Länge = 5000 mm bis 10.000 mm, inklusive Länge jeweils vor und hinter dem Werkstück 2A = 100 mm bis 1000 mm;
  • - Höhe = 1500 mm bis 5000 mm;
  • - Breite = 2000 mm bis 7000 mm;
  • - Trockneroberfläche inklusive Einlauftor (1.1.1) und Auslauftor (1.1.2): 80 m² bis 250 m²;
• (ii) Umluftmenge je Meter:
  • - Halten: 1000 m³/h bis 5000 m³/h;
  • - Aufheizen: 2000 m³/h bis 10.000 m³/h;
  • - Frischluftanteil: 500 m³/h bis 3000 m³/h;
• (iii) Taktzeiten: ein Werkstück 2A/h oder zwei Werkstücke 2A/h;
• (iv) Temperatur:
  1. 1. Aufheizen/Halten: 80 °C bis 130 °C;
  2. 2. Aufheizen/Halten: 140 °C bis 180 °C.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, each of the at least two chamber dryers has the following characteristics:

• (i) Inside dimensions:
  • - Length = 5000 mm to 10,000 mm, including length in front of and behind the workpiece 2A = 100 mm to 1000 mm;
  • - height = 1500 mm to 5000 mm;
  • - width = 2000 mm to 7000 mm;
  • - dryer surface including inlet gate ( 1.1.1 ) and exit gate ( 1.1.2 ): 80 m ² to 250 m ² ;
• (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter:
  • - Hold: 1000 m ³ / h to 5000 m ³ / h;
  • - heating: 2000 m ³ / h to 10,000 m ³ / h;
  • - Fresh air proportion: 500 m ³ / h to 3000 m ³ / h;
• (iii) Cycle times: one workpiece 2A / h or two workpieces 2A / h;
• (iv) temperature:
  1. 1. Heating / holding: 80 ° C to 130 ° C;
  2. 2. Heating / holding: 140 ° C to 180 ° C.

• (i) Innenabmessungen:
  • - Länge = 5000 mm bis 10.000 mm, inklusive Länge jeweils vor und hinter dem Werkstück 2A = 100 mm bis 1000 mm;
  • - Höhe = 1500 mm bis 5000 mm;
  • - Breite = 2000 mm bis 7000 mm;
  • - Abkühlkammeroberfläche inklusive Einlauftor (1.2.1) und Auslauftor (1.2.2): 80 m² bis 250 m²;
• (ii) Umluftmenge je Meter: 2000 m3/h bis 8000 m3/h
• (iii) Frischluftanteil: 1000 m³/h bis 4000 m³/h;
• (iv) Taktzeiten: ein Werkstück 2B/h oder zwei Werkstücke 2B/h;
• (v) Temperatur:
  1. 1. Kühlen: 8 °C bis 90 °C;
  2. 2. Kühlen: 20 °C bis 40 °C;
• (vi) Absaugung (5.5.2):
  • Ventilatorleistung: 10.000 m³/h bis 40.000 m³/h pro Ventilator.

Each of the at least two cooling chambers has the following characteristics:

• (i) Inside dimensions:
  • - Length = 5000 mm to 10,000 mm, including length in front of and behind the workpiece 2A = 100 mm to 1000 mm;
  • - height = 1500 mm to 5000 mm;
  • - width = 2000 mm to 7000 mm;
  • - Cooling chamber surface including inlet gate ( 1.2.1 ) and exit gate ( 1.2.2 ): 80 m ² to 250 m ² ;
• (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter: 2000 m3 / h to 8000 m3 / h
• (iii) Fresh air content: 1000 m ³ / h to 4000 m ³ / h;
• (iv) cycle times: one workpiece 2B / h or two workpieces 2B / h;
• (v) temperature:
  1. 1. Cooling: 8 ° C to 90 ° C;
  2. 2. Cooling: 20 ° C to 40 ° C;
• (vi) Suction (5.5.2):
  • Fan output: 10,000 m ³ / h to 40,000 m ³ / h per fan.

In the modular chamber dryer system according to the invention, at least two of its sub-units (= drying chamber + cooling chamber) can be present in different arrangements.

The sub-units can be arranged next to one another so that their longitudinal axes are parallel to one another.

However, they can also be arranged in a straight line one behind the other so that they have a common longitudinal axis and there is sufficient distance between the outlet gates of the cooling chambers of the at least one first subunit and the inlet gates of the chamber driers of the at least one second subunit to allow workpieces with dried and / or hardened ones To divert coatings, lacquers and adhesive layers from the outlet gates of the cooling chambers of the at least one first subunit and to introduce workpieces with undried and / or uncured coatings, lacquers and adhesive layers into the inlet gates of the chamber dryer of the at least one second subunit.

However, at least two, in particular two, sub-units can be arranged one above the other, so that their longitudinal axes are parallel to each other and the at least one first upper sub-unit by means of a retractable lifting device for lifting the workpieces with non-dried and / or non-hardened coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers of of the standing area can be reached at the level of the inlet gates of the upper chamber dryer. The workpieces with dried and / or hardened coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers are then unloaded from the level of the exit gates of the upper cooling chambers to the level of the standing surface by means of a retractable lifting device.

The modular chamber dryers according to the invention are particularly suitable for the method of drying and / or curing the undried and / or uncured coatings, lacquers and / or adhesive layers on and / or in workpieces of the type described above and cooling the coated, varnished and / or bonded workpieces of the type described above using at least one of the modular chamber dryer systems described above.

1. (A) Transport eines ersten Werkstücks mit nicht gehärteten und/oder nicht getrockneten Beschichtungen, Lackierungen und/oder Klebschichten mithilfe eines Transportsystems durch das Einlauftor in den Innenraum eines Kammertrockners bei geschlossenem Auslauftor und Schließen des Einlauftors;
2. (B) Trocknen und/oder Härten der Beschichtungen, Lackierungen und/oder Klebschichten des ersten Werkstücks, sodass das beschichtete, lackierte und/oder geklebte, heiße erste Werkstück resultiert;
3. (C) Ausschleusen des heißen ersten Werkstücks aus dem Auslauftor des Kammertrockners durch das Einlauftor eine Abkühlkammer in den Innenraum der Abkühlkammer und Schließen des Auslauftors des Kammertrockners und des Einlauftors der Abkühlkammer bei geschlossenem Auslauftor der Abkühlkammer;
4. (D) Abkühlen des beschichteten, lackierten und/oder geklebten, heißen ersten Werkstücks auf 20 °C bis 40 °C und Ausschleusen dieses ersten abgekühlten Werkstücks mithilfe eines Transportsystems durch das Auslauftor aus der Abkühlkammer bei geschlossenem Einlauftor der Abkühlkammer,
5. (E) Einschleusen eines zweiten Werkstücks mit nicht gehärteten und/oder nicht getrockneten Beschichtungen, Lackierungen und/oder Klebschichten durch das Einlauftor in den leeren Innenraum des Kammertrockners unmittelbar nach dem Ausschleusen des ersten heißen Werkstücks aus dem Kammertrockner mithilfe des Transportsystems bei geschlossenem Auslauftor und Schließen des Einlauftors des Kammertrockners;
6. (F) Ausschleusen des zweiten heißen Werkstücks aus dem Kammertrockner und Einschleusen in die leere Abkühlkammer unmittelbar nach dem Ausschleusen des ersten abgekühlten Werkstücks;
7. (G) Einschleusen eines dritten Werkstücks in den leeren Kammertrockner unmittelbar nach dem Ausschleusen des zweiten heißen Werkstücks aus dem Kammertrockner und
8. (H) N-fache Wiederholungen der Verfahrensschritte (A) bis (G), wobei N = eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis N.

The method according to the invention is characterized by the following method steps:

1. (A) Transporting a first workpiece with non-cured and / or non-dried coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers with the aid of a transport system through the inlet gate into the interior of a chamber dryer with the outlet gate closed and the inlet gate closed;
2. (B) drying and / or curing the coatings, lacquers and / or adhesive layers of the first workpiece, so that the coated, lacquered and / or glued, hot first workpiece results;
3. (C) discharging the hot first workpiece from the outlet gate of the chamber dryer through the inlet gate of a cooling chamber into the interior of the cooling chamber and closing the outlet gate of the chamber dryer and the inlet gate of the cooling chamber with the outlet gate of the cooling chamber closed;
4. (D) cooling the coated, painted and / or glued, hot first workpiece to 20 ° C to 40 ° C and discharging this first cooled workpiece using a transport system through the outlet gate from the cooling chamber with the inlet gate of the cooling chamber closed,
5. (E) Feeding in a second workpiece with non-hardened and / or not dried coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers through the inlet gate into the empty interior of the chamber dryer immediately after discharging the first hot workpiece from the chamber dryer using the transport system with the outlet gate closed and closed of the inlet gate of the chamber dryer;
6. (F) transferring the second hot workpiece out of the chamber dryer and transferring it into the empty cooling chamber immediately after transferring the first cooled workpiece;
7. (G) transferring a third workpiece into the empty chamber dryer immediately after discharging the second hot workpiece from the chamber dryer and
8. (H) N-fold repetitions of process steps (A) to (G), where N = an integer from 1 to N.

• 1 die Draufsicht auf eine Seite-an-Seite-Anordnung der Untereinheiten 1.1; 1.2 des erfindungsgemäßen Kammertrocknersystems 1 mit parallelen Längsachsen L sowie das dazugehörige Fließschema für die Werkstücke 2A und 2B;
• 2 die Draufsicht auf einen Ausschnitt aus einem Kammertrocknersystem 1 mit hintereinander angeordneten Untereinheiten 1.1 + 1.2 mit gemeinsamen Längsachsen L sowie das dazugehörige Fließschema für die Werkstücke 2A und 2B;
• 3 die Betriebszustände einer Untereinheit 1.1 + 1.2 während der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;
• 4 die Draufsicht auf einen Querschnitt durch einen Kammertrockner 1.1 mit einer Automobilkarosserie 2A mit zu trocknenden und/oder zu härtenden Beschichtungen, Lackierungen und/oder Klebschichten;
• 5 die Draufsicht auf einen Querschnitt durch eine Abkühlkammer 1.2 mit einer beschichteten, lackierten, und/oder geklebten, heißen Automobilkarosserie 2B;
• 6 die Draufsicht auf die Vorderansicht eines Ausschnitts aus einem Kammertrocknersystem 1 gemäß der 1 mit den Einlasstoren 1.1.1 der Kammertrockner 1.1 sowie mit Blick auf die Vorrichtungen 5.1; 5.2; 8 für die Zuführung 5.1.1, die Abführung 5.2.1 und die Erzeugung von thermischer Energie sowie die Steuereinheiten zur Regelung der Vorrichtungen 5.1; 5.2;
• 7 die Draufsicht auf einen Längsschnitt durch ein zweistöckiges Kammertrocknersystem 1 mit Hebebühnen für die Automobilkarosserien 2A und 2B;
• 8 die Draufsicht auf die Vorderansicht eines Ausschnitts aus einem zweistöckigen Kammertrocknersystem 1 mit funktionalen Zwischenräumen 5 und Hebebühnen 10 für die Automobilkarosserien 2A; und
• 9 die Draufsicht auf eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Ausschnitts aus einem Kammertrocknersystem 1 ohne funktionale Zwischenräume 5, deren Funktion von funktionalen Aufbauten 13 auf den Außendächern 1.1.9; 1.2.9 der Kammertrockner 1.1 und der Abkühlkammern 1.2 übernommen wird.

The modular chamber dryer system according to the invention and the method according to the invention are described below with reference to 1 to 9 explained in more detail. The 1 to 9 serve to schematically illustrate the structure and function of the modular chamber dryer system as well as the implementation of the process. It is therefore not necessary to use the 1 to 9 to scale. Show it

• 1 the top view of a side-by-side arrangement of the sub-units 1.1 ; 1.2 of the chamber dryer system according to the invention 1 with parallel longitudinal axes L. and the associated flow diagram for the workpieces 2A and 2 B ;
• 2 the top view of a section from a chamber dryer system 1 with sub-units 1.1 + 1.2 arranged one behind the other with common longitudinal axes L. and the associated flow diagram for the workpieces 2A and 2 B ;
• 3 the operating states of a subunit 1.1 + 1.2 while the method according to the invention is being carried out;
• 4th the top view of a cross section through a chamber dryer 1.1 with an automobile body 2A with coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers to be dried and / or cured;
• 5 the top view of a cross section through a cooling chamber 1.2 with a coated, painted, and / or glued, hot automobile body 2 B ;
• 6th the top view of the front view of a section from a chamber dryer system 1 according to the 1 with the inlet gates 1.1.1 the chamber dryer 1.1 as well as looking at the fixtures 5.1 ; 5.2 ; 8th for feeding 5.1.1 , the discharge 5.2.1 and the generation of thermal energy and the control units for regulating the devices 5.1 ; 5.2 ;
• 7th the top view of a longitudinal section through a two-story chamber dryer system 1 with lifting platforms for the automobile bodies 2A and 2 B ;
• 8th the top view of the front view of a section of a two-story chamber dryer system 1 with functional spaces 5 and lifting platforms 10 for the automobile bodies 2A ; and
• 9 the top view of a perspective illustration of a section from a chamber dryer system 1 without functional gaps 5 whose function of functional structures 13th on the outside roofs 1.1.9 ; 1.2.9 the chamber dryer 1.1 and the cooling chambers 1.2 is taken over.

1

Modulares Kammertrocknersystem

1.1

Thermisch isolierter, verschließbarer Kammertrockner

1.1.1

Einlauftor des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.2

Auslauftor des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.3

Außenwand des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.4

Unterer Bereich des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.5

Oberer Bereich des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.6

Seitenbereich des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.7

Innenraum des Kammertrockners 1.1

1.1.8

Gedachte Trennfläche zwischen 1.1.4 und 1.1.5

1.1.9

Außendach

1.2

Abkühlkammer

1.2.1

Einlauftor der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.2

Auslauftor der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.3

Außenwand der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.4

Innenraum der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.5

Schrägdach im Innenraum 1.2.4

1.2.6

Unterer Bereich der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.7

Oberer Bereich der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.8

Seitenbereich der Abkühlkammer 1.2

1.2.9

Außendach

1,1; 1.2

Untereinheit des modularen Kammertrocknersystems 1

1.3

Transportrichtung

2A

Werkstück mit nicht getrockneten und/oder nicht gehärteten Beschichtungen, Lackierungen und/oder Klebschichten (Automobilkarosserie)

2A.1

Öffnung im Werkstück 2A (Rückfenster, Türöffnung)

2A.2

Geöffnete Tür

2B

Beschichtetes, lackiertes und/oder geklebtes Werkstück (Automobilkarosserie)

3

Transportsystem zum Transport der Werkstücke 2A in den Kammertrockner 1.1

3.1

Skid

3.2

Transportsystem zum Transport der Werkstücke 2A; 2B durch und aus dem Kammertrockner 1.1

4

Transportsystem zum Transport der Werkstücke 2B in die Abkühlkammer 1.2

4.1

Skid

4.2

Transportsystem zum Abtransport der aus der Abkühlkammer 1.2 ausgeschleusten Werkstücke 2B

5

Funktionaler Zwischenraum

5.1

Vorrichtung für die thermodynamisch geregelte Zuführung 5.1.1 von thermischer Energie

5.1.1

Thermodynamisch geregelte Zuführung von thermischer Energie

5.1.1.1

Elektronisch gesteuerte Drosselvorrichtung

5.1.1.2

Elektronisch gesteuertes Gebläse oder elektronisch gesteuerter Kompressor

5.1.2

Düse für die separat regelbare Zuführung 5.1.1 von heißen Gasen 5.1.3

5.1.2.1

Düse mit Öffnung = 200 mm

5.1.2.2

Düse mit Öffnung = 100 mm

5.1.2.3

Düse mit Öffnung = 70 mm

5.1.2.3a

Schräg nach außen gestellte Düse 5.2.1.3

5.1.3

Heiße Gase

5.1.3.1

Heißgasleitung

5.1.4

In die Öffnung 2A. 1 geblasene heiße Gase 5.1.3

5.2

Vorrichtung für die thermodynamisch geregelte Abführung 5.2.1 von thermischer Energie aus dem Kammertrockner 1.1

5.2.1

Thermodynamisch geregelte Abführung von thermischer Energie aus dem Kammertrockner 1.1

5.2.2

Absaugung von Abgasen 5.2.3 aus dem Kammertrockner 1.1

5.2.2.1

Elektronisch gesteuerte Drosselvorrichtung

5.2.2.2

Elektronisch gesteuertes Gebläse oder elektronisch gesteuerter Kompressor

5.2.3

Abgase aus dem Kammertrockner 1.1

5.2.3.1

Abgasleitung, Sammelabgasleitungen

5.2.3.2

Bypass

5.2.3.3

Elektronisch gesteuerte Drosselvorrichtung

5.3

Vorrichtung für die geregelte Energiezuführung 5.3.1 zu den Quellen 5.3.2 aktinischer Strahlung

5.3.1

Geregelte Energiezuführung zur Quelle 5.3.2 von aktinischer Strahlung

5.3.2

Quelle aktinischer Strahlung

5.4

Vorrichtung für die separat regelbare Zuführung 5.4.1 von Kühlgasen 5.4.3 zu der Abkühlkammer 1.2

5.4.1

Separat regelbare Zuführung 5.4.1 von Kühlgasen 5.4.3 zu der Abkühlkammer 1.2

5.4.2

Düse für die Zuführung 5.4.1 von Kühlgasen 5.4.3 zu der Abkühlkammer 1.2

5.4.2.1

Düse mit Kondensatringen

5.4.3

Kühlgase

5.5

Vorrichtung für die Abführung 5.5.1 von thermischer Energie aus der Abkühlkammer 1.2

5.5.1

Abführung thermische Energie

5.5.2

Absaugung

5.5.3

Erwärmte Abgase

6

Steuereinheit zur thermodynamischen Regelung der Vorrichtungen 5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5

6.1

Input: Messdaten aus der Trockenkammer 1.1

6.2

Output: Regelgrößen für die Vorrichtung 5.1

6.3

Output: Regelgrößen für die Vorrichtung 5.2

7

Standfläche

8

Brennofen und Nachverbrenner

8.1

Brenner

8.2

Flamme

8.3

Brennstoffzuleitung

8.4

Elektronisch geregelte Drosselvorrichtung

9

Wärmetauscher

10

Hydraulische Hebevorrichtung

10.1

Hydraulischer Teleskopzylinder

10.1.1

Feststehender Aufnahmezylinder

10.2

Plattform

10.3

Transportsystem auf der Plattform 10.2

10.4

Druckaufbau- und Druckentspannungssystem

10.5

Passgenaue Vertiefung zur Aufnahme der Plattform 10.2; 10.3

11

Thermisch isolierender und mechanisch verstärkter Zwischenboden

12

Thermisch isolierende Zwischenwand

13

Funktionaler Aufbau auf den Außendächern 1.1.9; 1.2.9

13.1

Funktionaler Aufbau des Kammertrockners 1.1

13.2

Funktionaler Aufbau der Abkühlkammer 1.2

K1

Karosserie 2A; 2B

K2

Karosserie 2A; 2B

K3; K4

Karosserie 2A

KN

Nte Karosserie 2B

K(N + 1)

(N + 1)te Karosserie 2B

K(N + 2)

(N + 2)te Karosserie 2A; 2B

K(N + 3)

(N + 3)te Karosserie 2A

N

Ganze Zahl > 4

L

Längsachse

t

Zeit

I; II;

 

III; X

Betriebszustände einer Untereinheit 1.1; 1.2 des modularen Kammertrocknersystems 1

In the 1 to 9 the reference symbols have the following meaning:

1

Modular chamber dryer system

1.1

Thermally insulated, lockable chamber dryer

1.1.1

Inlet door of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.2

Outlet door of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.3

Outer wall of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.4

Lower area of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.5

Upper area of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.6

Side area of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.7

Interior of the chamber dryer 1.1

1.1.8

Imagined interface between 1.1.4 and 1.1.5

1.1.9

Outside roof

1.2

Cooling chamber

1.2.1

Inlet gate of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.2

Exit gate of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.3

Outer wall of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.4

Interior of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.5

Pitched roof in the interior 1.2.4

1.2.6

Lower area of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.7

Upper area of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.8

Side area of the cooling chamber 1.2

1.2.9

Outside roof

1.1; 1.2

Sub-unit of the modular chamber dryer system 1

1.3

Transport direction

2A

Workpiece with non-dried and / or non-hardened coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers (automobile body)

2A.1

Opening in the workpiece 2A (Rear window, door opening)

2A.2

Open door

2 B

Coated, painted and / or glued workpiece (automobile body)

3

Transport system for transporting the workpieces 2A in the chamber dryer 1.1

3.1

Skid

3.2

Transport system for transporting the workpieces 2A ; 2 B through and out of the chamber dryer 1.1

4th

Transport system for transporting the workpieces 2 B into the cooling chamber 1.2

4.1

Skid

4.2

Transport system for removing the from the cooling chamber 1.2 ejected workpieces 2 B

5

Functional space

5.1

Device for the thermodynamically regulated supply 5.1.1 of thermal energy

5.1.1

Thermodynamically controlled supply of thermal energy

5.1.1.1

Electronically controlled throttle device

5.1.1.2

Electronically controlled blower or electronically controlled compressor

5.1.2

Nozzle for the separately adjustable feed 5.1.1 of hot gases 5.1.3

5.1.2.1

Nozzle with opening = 200 mm

5.1.2.2

Nozzle with opening = 100 mm

5.1.2.3

Nozzle with opening = 70 mm

5.1.2.3a

Nozzle positioned at an angle to the outside 5.2.1.3

5.1.3

Hot gases

5.1.3.1

Hot gas line

5.1.4

In the opening 2A . 1 blown hot gases 5.1.3

5.2

Device for the thermodynamically controlled discharge 5.2.1 of thermal energy from the chamber dryer 1.1

5.2.1

Thermodynamically controlled removal of thermal energy from the chamber dryer 1.1

5.2.2

Extraction of exhaust gases 5.2.3 from the chamber dryer 1.1

5.2.2.1

Electronically controlled throttle device

5.2.2.2

Electronically controlled blower or electronically controlled compressor

5.2.3

Exhaust gases from the chamber dryer 1.1

5.2.3.1

Exhaust pipe, collective exhaust pipes

5.2.3.2

bypass

5.2.3.3

Electronically controlled throttle device

5.3

Device for regulated energy supply 5.3.1 to the sources 5.3.2 actinic radiation

5.3.1

Regulated energy supply to the source 5.3.2 of actinic radiation

5.3.2

Source of actinic radiation

5.4

Device for the separately adjustable feed 5.4.1 of cooling gases 5.4.3 to the cooling chamber 1.2

5.4.1

Separately adjustable feed 5.4.1 of cooling gases 5.4.3 to the cooling chamber 1.2

5.4.2

Nozzle for feeding 5.4.1 of cooling gases 5.4.3 to the cooling chamber 1.2

5.4.2.1

Nozzle with condensate rings

5.4.3

Cooling gases

5.5

Device for discharge 5.5.1 of thermal energy from the cooling chamber 1.2

5.5.1

Dissipation of thermal energy

5.5.2

Suction

5.5.3

Heated exhaust gases

6th

Control unit for thermodynamic regulation of the devices 5.1 ; 5.2 ; 5.3 ; 5.4 ; 5.5

6.1

Input: measurement data from the drying chamber 1.1

6.2

Output: controlled variables for the device 5.1

6.3

Output: controlled variables for the device 5.2

7th

Stand space

8th

Kiln and afterburner

8.1

burner

8.2

flame

8.3

Fuel supply line

8.4

Electronically controlled throttle device

9

Heat exchanger

10

Hydraulic lifting device

10.1

Hydraulic telescopic cylinder

10.1.1

Fixed receiving cylinder

10.2

platform

10.3

Transport system on the platform 10.2

10.4

Pressure build-up and pressure release system

10.5

Precisely fitting recess to accommodate the platform 10.2 ; 10.3

11

Thermally insulating and mechanically reinforced intermediate floor

12

Thermally insulating partition

13th

Functional structure on the outside roofs 1.1.9 ; 1.2.9

13.1

Functional structure of the chamber dryer 1.1

13.2

Functional structure of the cooling chamber 1.2

K1

body 2A ; 2 B

K2

body 2A ; 2 B

K3; K4

body 2A

KN

Nth body 2 B

K (N + 1)

(N + 1) th body 2 B

K (N + 2)

(N + 2) th body 2A ; 2 B

K (N + 3)

(N + 3) th body 2A

N

Integer> 4th

L.

Longitudinal axis

t

time

I; II;

III; X

Operating states of a sub-unit 1.1 ; 1.2 of the modular chamber dryer system 1

Detailed description of FIGS. 1 to 9

Preliminary remark

In the modular chamber dryer systems described below 1 show the chamber dryer 1.1 the following characteristics.

• (i) Innenabmessungen:
  • - Länge = 7000 mm, inklusive Länge jeweils vor und hinter dem Werkstück 2A = 750 mm;
  • - Höhe = 300 mm;
  • - Breite = 4500 mm;
  • - Trockneroberfläche inklusive Einlauftor (1.1.1) und Auslauftor (1.1.2): 1320 m²;
• (ii) Umluftmenge je Meter:
  • - Halten: 2500 m³/h;
  • - Aufheizen: 5000 m³/h bis 10.000 m³/h;
  • - Frischluftanteil: 1273 m³/h;
• (iii) Taktzeiten: ein Werkstück 2A/h oder zwei Werkstücke 2A/h;
• (iv) Temperatur:
  1. 1. Aufheizen/Halten: 110 °C;
  2. 2. Aufheizen/Halten: 160 °C.

Characteristics:

• (i) Inside dimensions:
  • - length = 7000 mm, including length in front of and behind the workpiece 2A = 750 mm;
  • - height = 300 mm;
  • - width = 4500 mm;
  • - dryer surface including inlet gate ( 1.1.1 ) and exit gate ( 1.1.2 ): 1320 m ² ;
• (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter:
  • - hold: 2500 m ³ / h;
  • - heating: 5000 m ³ / h to 10,000 m ³ / h;
  • - proportion of fresh air: 1273 m ³ / h;
• (iii) Cycle times: one workpiece 2A / h or two workpieces 2A / h;
• (iv) temperature:
  1. 1. heating / holding: 110 ° C;
  2. 2. Heating / holding: 160 ° C.

Performance data of the chamber dryer 1.1:

Fan power: 1 × 30,000 m ³ / h (1 × 30 kW) or 2 × 15,000 m ³ / h (2 × 15 kW); Heating capacity : Desired 160 ° C 155 kW (heating) 108 kW (hold at 100% exhaust air), 45 kW (at 25% Exhaust air after main evaporation time); Target 110 ° C 104 KW (heating up) 74 kW (hold with 100% exhaust air), 30 kW (with 25% exhaust air after main evaporation time); 110 ° C-160 ° C 125 kW (heating) 108 kW (holding with 100% exhaust air), 45 kW (with 25% exhaust air after the main evaporation time.

In the modular chamber dryer systems described below 1 show the cooling chambers 1.2 the following characteristics.

• (i) Innenabmessungen:
  • - Länge = 7000 mm, inklusive 750 mm jeweils vor und hinter dem Werkstück;
  • - Höhe = 3000 mm bis 5000 mm;
  • - Breite = 2000 mm;
  • - Abkühlkammeroberfläche inklusive Einlauftor (1.2.1) und Auslauftor (1.2.2): 132 m²;
• (ii) Umluftmenge je Meter: 5000 m3/h;
• (iii) Frischluftanteil: Temperaturabhängig - Mindestfrischluftanteil 2000 m³/h;
• (iv) Taktzeiten: ein Werkstück 2B/h oder zwei Werkstücke 2B/h;
• (v) Temperatur:
  1. 1. Kühlen: 80 °C;
  2. 2. Kühlen: 30 °C;
• (vi) Absaugung:
  • Ventilatorleistung: 10.000 m³/h bis 40.000 m³/h pro Ventilator;

Characteristics:

• (i) Inside dimensions:
  • - Length = 7000 mm, including 750 mm in front of and behind the workpiece;
  • - height = 3000 mm to 5000 mm;
  • - width = 2000 mm;
  • - Cooling chamber surface including inlet gate ( 1.2.1 ) and exit gate ( 1.2.2 ): 132 m ² ;
• (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter: 5000 m3 / h;
• (iii) Fresh air proportion: depending on temperature - minimum fresh air proportion 2000 m ³ / h;
• (iv) cycle times: one workpiece 2B / h or two workpieces 2B / h;
• (v) temperature:
  1. 1. Cooling: 80 ° C;
  2. 2. cooling: 30 ° C;
• (vi) suction:
  • Fan output: 10,000 m ³ / h to 40,000 m ³ / h per fan;

• (vii) Ventilatorleistung: 1 × 30.000 m³/h (1 × 30 kW) oder 2 × 15.000 m³/h (2 × 15 kW);
• (viii) Heizleistung: -15 °C >70 °C 70 kW (Aufheizen 2000 m³/h Frischluftanteil im Winter);
• (ix) Kühlleistung 35 °C/40 % > 20 °C 12 kW (Kühlen 2000 m³/h Frischluftanteil im Sommer);
• (x) Kühlleistung Werkstücke 36 kW (2000 kg Stahl von 160 °C > 30 °C);
• (xi) Installierte Leistung Wärmetauscher Heizen: 85 kW; Installierte Leistung Wärmetauscher Kühlen: 70 kW (inklusive Wellenleistung Ventilator).

Performance data of the cooling chamber 1.2 ("Gentle cooling"):

• (vii) Fan output: 1 × 30,000 m ³ / h (1 × 30 kW) or 2 × 15,000 m ³ / h (2 × 15 kW);
• (viii) Heating capacity: -15 ° C> 70 ° C 70 kW (heating 2000 m ³ / h proportion of fresh air in winter);
• (ix) cooling capacity 35 ° C / 40%> 20 ° C 12 kW (cooling 2000 m ³ / h share of fresh air in summer);
• (x) cooling capacity of workpieces 36 kW (2000 kg steel from 160 ° C> 30 ° C);
• (xi) Installed power heat exchanger heating: 85 kW; Installed power heat exchanger cooling: 70 kW (including shaft power fan).

Figures 1 and 3

In the modular chamber dryer systems 1 according to the 1 were the sub-units “Chamber dryer 1.1 + cooling chamber 1.2 "(Hereinafter referred to as" 1.1 + 1.2 ") arranged side by side so that their longitudinal axes L. were parallel. Between the outer side walls 1.1.3 ; 1.2.3 of the subunits 1.1 + 1.2 there were functional spaces 5 who have favourited Fixtures 5.1 for the thermodynamically controlled supply 5.1.1 of thermal energy in the form of hot gases 5.1.3 (cf. also 6th ) and devices 5.2 for the thermodynamically controlled discharge 5.2.1 of thermal energy in the form of volatile organic Compounds (VOC) containing exhaust air that are subjected to afterburning in a kiln and afterburner 8th (see. 6th ) was supplied.

The automobile bodies 2A that had uncured and / or not dried coatings, paintwork and / or adhesive layers were on skids 3.1 using a transport system 3 through a dust protection tunnel (not shown) in front of the entrance gates 1.1.1 the chamber dryer 1.1 driven and after opening the entrance gates 1.1.1 with closed exit gates 1.1.2 in the interior 1.1.7 of the chamber dryer 1.1 promoted. The entrance gates 1.1.1 were closed, after which the coatings, paintwork and / or adhesive layers with the hot gases 5.1.3 or with Dual-Cure additionally with IR emitters 5.3 ; 5.3.2 hardened and / or dried. This resulted in automobile bodies 2 B with cured and / or dried coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers. These were after opening the exit gates 1.1.2 the chamber dryer 1.1 and the entrance gates 1.2.1 the cooling chambers 1.2 with closed exit gates 1.2.2 in the interiors 1.2.4 the cooling chambers, after which the inlet gates 1.2.1 and the exit gates 1.1.2 The automobile bodies were then closed 2 B in the cooling chambers 1.2 cooled to a temperature of 30 ° C and after opening the exit gates 1.2.2 ejected and using a transport system 4.2 promoted to other stations in the line.

• (I) Eine Karosserie K1 wurde in dem Kammertrockner 1.1 behandelt, während vor dem Einlauftor 1.1.1 die Karosserie K2 wartete.
• (II) Die Karosserie K1 wurde in die Abkühlkammer 1.2 transportiert, und die Karosserie K2 rückte in den Kammertrockner 1.1 nach, während vor ihrem Einlauftor die Karosserie K3 wartete.
• (III) Die abgekühlte Karosserie K1 wurde aus der Abkühlkammer 1.2 ausgeschleusten, die Karosserie K2 rückte in die Abkühlkammer 1.2 nach, und die Karosserie K3 wurde in den Kammertrockner 1.1 transportiert. Die Karosserie K4 wartete vor dem Einlauftor 1.1.1.
• (X) So wurde beispielsweise in dem zehnten Betriebszustand die abgekühlte Karosserie KN (N = 10) aus der Abkühlkammer 1.2 ausgeschleust. Anschließend wurde die nachgerückte Karosserie K(N +1), hier K11, in der Abkühlkammer 1.2 abgekühlt, und die Karosserie K(N +2), hier K12, in dem Kammertrockner 1.1 mit Hitze behandelt, während die Karosserie K(N +3), hier K1,3 vor dem Einlauftor 1.1 wartete.

As a result, a subunit 1.1 + 1.2 passed through, as in the 3 shown schematically, the following operating states:

• (I) A body K1 was in the chamber dryer 1.1 treated while in front of the entrance gate 1.1.1 the body K2 was waiting.
• (II) The body K1 was in the cooling chamber 1.2 transported, and the body K2 moved into the drying chamber 1.1 after, while in front of her entrance gate the body K3 was waiting.
• (III) The cooled body K1 became out of the cooling chamber 1.2 ejected, the body K2 moved into the cooling chamber 1.2 after, and the body K3 was in the chamber dryer 1.1 transported. The body K4 waited in front of the entrance gate 1.1.1 .
• (X) For example, in the tenth operating state, the cooled body became KN (N = 10) from the cooling chamber 1.2 discharged. Then the body moved up K (N +1) , here K11, in the cooling chamber 1.2 cooled, and the body K (N +2) , here K12, in the chamber dryer 1.1 treated with heat while the bodywork K (N +3) , here K1,3 in front of the entrance gate 1.1 was waiting.

This representation of the operating states of a subunit 1.1 + 1.2 of the modular chamber drying system 1 underpinned the advantages, in particular the flexibility, of the method according to the invention.

Figure 2

With the modular chamber dryer system 1 according to the 2 the subunits 1.1 + 1.2 were arranged one behind the other so that they had a common longitudinal axis. There was between the exit gates 1.2.2 the cooling chambers 1.2 the, in the direction of transport 1.3 seen in the direction of the longitudinal axes, first adjacent sub-units 1.1 + 1.2 and the inlet gates 1.1.1 the chamber dryer 1.1 the, in the direction of transport 1.3 seen in the direction of the longitudinal axes, second adjacent subunits 1.1 + 1.2 enough space to accommodate the automobile bodies 2 B from the exit gates 1.2.2 the cooling chambers 1.2 of the first subunits 1.1 + 1.2 outfeed and around automobile bodies 2A in the entrance gates 1.1.1 the chamber dryer 1.1 of the second subunits 1.1 + 1.2 smuggle in.

The transport systems 3 were arranged so that the automobile bodies 2A also on the first subunits 1.1 + 1.2 and in the case of a modular expansion of the camera system 1 could also be transported past the second sub-units 1.1 + 1.2. Reached a body 2A the space between the first and the second subunits 1.1 + 1.2, they could through a branching of the transport system 3 through the entrance gate 1.1.1 one of the chamber dryers 1.1 a second subunit 1.1 + 1.2 in the interior 1.1.7 are managed and dealt with therein.

Furthermore, from a cooling chamber 1.2 a first subunit 1.1 + 1.2 a cooled body 2 B from the exit gate 1.2.2 a cooling chamber 1.2 be discharged into the space and in the transport direction 1.3 to a transport system 4.2 for the removal of the ejected workpieces 2 B be transported.

Also in this configuration of the modular chamber drying system 1 showed its excellent flexibility and expandability with comparatively little space requirement.

Figure 4

The 4th shows a cross section through the interior 1.1.7 a chamber dryer 1.1 .

The interior was through an imaginary dividing surface 1.1.8 in an upper area 1.1.5 and a lower area 1.1.4 Cut. In the interior 1.1.7 there was an automobile body when viewed in cross section 2A with non-cured and / or non-dried coatings, paintwork and adhesive layers, the automobile body 2A on a skid 3.1 of the transport system 3 for transporting the automobile body 2A in the chamber dryer 1.1 and the transport system 3.2 the automobile body 2A ; 2 B through and out of the chamber dryer 1.1 rested. In the lower range 1.1.4 were in the area of the transport system 3.2 in three rows a total of ten nozzles 5.1.2.3 an opening of 70 mm, one of which is the nozzle 5.1.2.3a of the two outer rows were inclined outwards. These nozzles 5.1.2.3 ; 5.1.2.3a blew the hot gases 5.1.3 directly into the interior of the automobile body 2A , later 2 B . On the two sloping walls of the interior 1.1.7 in the lower range 1.1.4 There were sixteen nozzles inclined inwards with an opening of 70 mm on both sides. On each of the two vertical side walls there were four nozzles arranged horizontally in two rows with an opening of 100 mm, which conveyed the hot gases 5.1.3 in the side area 1.1.6 and on the left and right sides of the automobile body 2A , later 2 B , and in the doorway 2A.1 the open door 2A.2 blew. On the two sloping walls of the upper area 1.1.5 of the interior 1.1.7 were four nozzles each 5.1.2.1 an opening of 200 mm arranged in a row facing the window openings of the automobile body 2A , later 2 B , were directed. On the horizontal roof of the interior 1.1.7 were four nozzles 5.1.2.1 arranged on the roof of the automobile body 2A , later 2 B , were directed. From nozzles in the upper area 1.1.7 (not shown) became hot gases 5.1.3 directly into the rear window 2A.1 blown.

With this configuration of the chamber dryer 1 a particularly gentle drying and / or hardening of the coatings, paintwork and adhesive layers on the automobile body 2A reached from within, so to speak. As a result, the exterior paintwork in particular was of excellent quality and showed no paint defects.

If necessary, the thermal drying and curing could still be carried out using the one in the upper area 1.1.5 arranged infrared heater 5.3.2 get supported. These were over an electrical line 5.1.3 to an electronically controllable power source 5.3 connected.

As a result, additional drying and hardening was achieved without excessive hot gas flows 5.1.3 had to be used.

Figure 5

The hot automobile body 2 B with cured and / or dried coatings, paintwork and adhesive layers was on a skid 4.1 with the transport system 4th for onward transport of the automobile body 2 B into the cooling chamber 1.2 transported. The cooling chamber 1.2 and the automobile body 2 B are shown in cross section. The interior 1.2.4 the cooling chamber 1.1 pointed in its upper area 1.2.7 a pitched roof 1.2.5 to prevent condensation droplets from forming. The transport system 4th ; 4.1 was in its lower part 1.2.6 arranged. In the vertical walls of the two side areas 1.2.8 were fixtures 5.4 for the separately adjustable feed 5.4.1 of cooling gases 5.4.3 to the cooling chamber 1.2 appropriate. The cooling gases are preferably cold, dried air 5.4.3 . These were made using nozzles with condensate rings 5.4.2.1 on the automobile body 2 B directed. The devices 5.4 were from fixtures 5.5 for discharge 5.5.1 of heated air 5.5.3 about the suction 5.5.2 surround. The entire arrangement was made of thermally insulated outer walls 1.2.3 surrounded and rested on the stand 7th .

The arrangement of the nozzles 5.4.2 in the side areas 1.2.8 the cooling chamber 1.2 were arranged in the form of uniform grids, which were to be closed and opened in such a way that the nozzles were opened 5.4.2 the contours of the automobile body 2 B was adjusted.

This configuration enabled the hot automobile bodies 2 B can be quickly cooled to 30 ° C without a lot of energy and were then available for further processing in the line after a short time.

Figure 6

The 6th Figure 3 shows a front view of the modular chamber drying system 1 with a view of the entrance gates 1.1.1 the chamber dryer 1.1 .

The chamber dryer 1.1 (and with it the subunits 1.1 + 1.2 ) were on the stand 7th arranged side by side so that functional spaces are in between 5 between their parallel outer walls 1.1.3 found. The automobile bodies 2A (not shown) were on the transportation systems 3 ; 3.2 with skids 3.1 into the open entrance gates 1.1.1 smuggled in. The functional spaces 5 included devices 5.1 for the supply of hot gases 5.1.3 in the interior 1.1.7 the chamber dryer 1.1 . The devices 5.1 included those from the control units 6th for thermodynamic regulation of the electronically controlled throttle devices 5.1.1.1 . The control units 6th received as input 6.1 the measurement data from the drying chamber 1.1 and processed them using common and known algorithms and gave them as output 6.2 the controlled variables for the devices 5.1 in front. The throttle devices 5.1.1.1 were, in the flow direction "↓" of the hot gases 5.1.3 seen blowers or compressors 5.1.1.2 upstream, also from the control units 6th electronically controlled (output 6.2 ). The devices 5.1 received the hot gases 5.1.3 from the hot gas line 5.1.3.1 . The hot gases 5.1.3 were in the kiln 8th generated at the same time as the afterburning of the VOC-containing exhaust gases 5.2.3 from the chamber dryers 1.1 served. The kiln 8th included Brenner 8.1 with the flames 8.2 that were operated with natural gas via the fuel supply line 8.3 and an electronically controlled throttle device 8.4 was fed. The hot gases generated 5.1.3 were over the heating gas pipe 5.1.3.1 through a heat exchanger 9 to the heating gas line 5.1.3.1 with the branches to the devices 5.1 directed.

The VOC-containing exhaust gases 5.2.3 were using the fixtures 5.2 for the thermodynamically controlled discharge 5.2.1 of thermal energy in the form of exhaust gases 5.2.3 into the collective exhaust line 5.2.3.1 directed (flow direction "↑"). The amount and flow rates of the exhaust gases 5.2.3 were of throttling devices 5.2.2.1 and fans or compressors 5.2.2.2 regulated. The throttling devices 5.2.2.1 and the fans or compressors 5.2.2.2 were determined by the controlled variables of the output 6.3 the control unit 6th electronically controlled. The exhaust gases 5.2.3 were from the collective exhaust pipe 5.2.3.1 in the heat exchanger 9 directed, wherein they are from the hot gases 5.1.3 were heated. Unless the exhaust 5.2.3 If they were to be heated partially or not at all, they could be bypassed 5.2.3.2 with an electronically controlled throttle device 5.2.3.3 around the heat exchanger 9 be directed. Subsequently, the exhaust 5.2.3 in the burner 8.1 ; 8.2 of the kiln 8th and their combustible portion burned in it. This made them part of the hot gases 5.1.3 .

The particular advantage of this configuration of the chamber dryer 1.1 of the modular chamber drying system 1 had the particular advantage that every chamber dryer 1.1 individually and optimally the non-hardened and / or non-dried coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers of the respective workpieces 2A could be adapted, which was not possible in a drying tunnel in terms of efficiency and effectiveness.

Figures 7 and 8

The modular chamber dryer system 1 the 7th When viewed from the side, comprised sub-units 1.1 + 1.2 stacked on top of one another in two levels. The upper sub-units 1.1 + 1.2 were fastened congruently on the lower sub-units 1.1 + 1.2. To strengthen the statics and for thermal insulation, thermally insulating and mechanically reinforced intermediate floors were used 11 arranged between them (not shown). The upper and lower subunits 1.1 + 1.2 could be detached from one another if necessary, for example when exchanging. With the upper chamber dryers 1.1 the transport systems protruded 3 horizontally and centrally in front of the inlet gate 1.1.1 so that automobile bodies 2A with uncured and / or not dried coatings, varnishes and adhesive layers from the platforms 10.2 with the transport systems 10.3 ; 3.1 ; 3.2 with the entrance gates open 1.1.1 and closed exit gates 1.1.2 right inside 1.1.7 the chamber dryer 1.1 could be introduced.

The platforms 10.2 ; 10.3 were using hydraulic lifting devices 10 who have favourited Telescopic Hydraulic Cylinder 10.1 and fixed receiving cylinders 10.1.1 and pressure build-up and Pressure release systems 10.4 exhibited, moved up and down. The receiving cylinder 10.1.1 and the pressure build-up and pressure release systems 10.4 were in depressions 10.5 arranged to fit perfectly to the level of the stand area 7th lowered platforms 10.2 ; 10.3 were so their transport systems 10.3 directly to the transport system 3 on the stand 7th connected. In this position, other automobile bodies could 2A into the lower chamber dryer 1.1 be introduced.

After the coatings, paintwork and adhesive layers had dried and / or hardened, the automobile bodies were made 2 B when the exit gates are open 1.1.2 and entry gates 1.2.1 and closed exit gates 1.2.2 using the transport systems 3.2 and 4th into the interior 1.2.4 the cooling chambers 1.2 smuggled in. After that, the two gates were 1.2.1 and 1.1.2 closed and the automobile bodies 2 B cooled down. After cooling, they were with the exit doors open 1.2.2 using the transport system 4th and the excellent transport system 4.2 discharged and onto the platforms 10.2 ; 10.3 of hydraulic lifting devices 10 of the same type as described above. The platforms 10.2 ; 10.3 with the automobile bodies 2 B were on the level of the stand area 7th and the continuation of the transport systems 4.2 for the removal of the bodies 2 B lowered. After these bodies have been removed 2 B could the bodies 2 B from the lower cooling chambers 1.2 be discharged.

The 8th illustrates once again with a front view of the modular chamber drying system 1 the 7th the feeding of the automobile bodies 2A to the upper chamber dryers 1.1 .

The modular chamber dryer system of 7th and 8th had the particular advantage that the floor space 7th could be used optimally. That means that on the same area 7th twice as many workpieces 2A and 2 B could be processed than with a one-story structure.

Figure 9

The modular chamber dryer system 1 the 9 had no functional spaces 5 between the subunits 1.1 + 1.2, but rather two adjacent subunits 1.1 + 1.2 were through a thermally insulating partition 12 thermally isolated from each other. Instead of the functional spaces 5 were on the outside roofs 1.1.9 and 1.2.9 functional structures 13th - superstructures 13.1 for the chamber dryer 1.1 and superstructures 13.2 for the cooling chambers 1.2 -. These took over the functions of the functional spaces 5 .

The particular advantage of this configuration was that the sub-units 1.1 + 1.2 could move closer together, which reduces the space required for the modular chamber dryer system 1 on the stand 7th significantly decreased.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 2005/047794 [0003]
• EP 1676082 B1 [0003]
• DE 102010012534 B4 [0006]
• EP 2550497 B1 [0007]
• DE 102004025526 B4 [0008]
• DE 4436018 A1 [0010]

Claims (20)

Modular chamber dryer system (1), comprising - At least two separate, structurally identical, thermally insulated, lockable chamber dryers (1.1) with parallel longitudinal axes L or at least one common longitudinal axis for drying and / or curing the coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers on and / or in the at least one workpiece (2A ) with thermal energy or thermal energy and actinic radiation (dual cure) and - At least two separate, structurally identical, thermally insulated, lockable cooling chambers (1.2) with parallel longitudinal axes L or at least one common longitudinal axis, each of which, viewed in the direction of transport (1.3), is spatially and functionally directly adjacent with its inlet gate (1.2.1) the outlet gate (1.1.2) of each chamber dryer (1.1) is connected and is used for the controlled cooling of the at least one coated, varnished and / or glued workpiece (2B), - At least one transport system (4) which is used to transport away the cooled workpieces (2B) discharged from the outlet gates (1.2.2) of the cooling chambers (1.2), - At least one transport system (3) which is used to transport the workpieces (2A) to and through the inlet gates (1.1.1) into the chamber dryer (1.1), - A functional intermediate space (5) between the mutually associated, parallel outer walls (1.1.3; 1.2.3) of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) and / or a functional structure (13) on the outer roof (1.1.9) of each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and the outer roof (1.2.9) of each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) and / or a separate functional structure (13.1) on the outer roof (1.1.9) each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and a separate functional structure (13.2) on the outer roof (1.2.9) of each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2.9) (i) Devices (5.1; 5.2) for the thermodynamically controlled supply (5.1.1) and discharge (5.2.1) of thermal energy to the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) or additionally with (ii) Devices (5.3) for the regulated energy supply (5.3.1) to the sources (5.3.2) of actinic radiation in the at least two chamber dryers (1.1), (iii) Devices (5.4; 5.5) for the separately controllable supply (5.4.1) of cooling gases (5.4.3) to the interior (1.2.4) of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) and for the discharge (5.5.1) of thermal energy from the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) and - A control unit (6) for the thermodynamic regulation of the devices (5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5) for each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and for each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) or a common control unit (6) for the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and the at least two cooling chambers (1.2). Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the workpieces (2A) and (2B) are bodies of means of transport. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the bodies of the means of transport from the group consisting of the bodies of minibuses, small trucks, vans, station wagons, small cars, electric vehicles, convertibles, sports cars, luxury sedans, security sedans, money transporters, off-road vehicles, SUVs, SUV coupes and SUV Convertibles, are selected. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that (i) the devices (5.1) in the lower areas (1.1.4), in the upper areas (1.1.5) and in each of the two side areas (1.1.6) of each of the at least two chamber dryers ( 1.1) nozzles (5.1.2) for the separately controllable supply (5.1.1) of hot gases (5.1.3) and (ii) the devices (5.2) at least one suction device (5.2.2) for the discharge (5.2.1 ) of exhaust gases (5.2.3) from each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1). Modular chamber dryer system (1), characterized in that each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) additionally contains sources (5.3.2) of actinic radiation. Modular chamber dryer system (1), characterized in that the actinic radiation is selected from the group consisting of corpuscular radiation and electromagnetic radiation. Modular chamber dryer system (1), characterized in that the nozzles (5.1.2) in the upper areas (1.1.5) and / or in the lower areas (1.1.4) into the openings (2A.1) of the workpieces (2A ) are directed. Modular chamber dryer system (1), characterized in that in each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) (i) the devices (5.4) nozzles (5.4.2) for the separately controllable supply (5.4.1) of cooled gases (5.4.3 ) and (ii) the devices (5.5) have at least one suction device (5.5.2) for the removal (5.5.1) of heated exhaust gases (5.5.3). Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) in the interior (1.2.4) has a sloping roof (1.2.5) to avoid the formation of condensate droplets. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the suction systems (5.2.2; 5.5.2) in the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) and the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) in the lower areas (1.1.4; 1.2.6) and the upper areas ( 1.1.5; 1.2.7) are arranged. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the inlet gates (1.1.1; 1.2.1) and the outlet gates (1.1.2; 1.2.2) are selected from the group consisting of sectional gates, high-speed gates, up-and-over gates, sliding gates, wing gates, concertina gates and folding gates . Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that (i) the arrangement of the nozzles (5.1.2) in the side areas (1.1.6) of the chamber dryer (1.1) and / or the nozzles (5.4.2) in the side areas (1.2.8) of the cooling chambers (1.2) the contours of the workpieces (2A) and / or (2B) is or are adapted and / or (ii) the nozzles (5.1.2) in the side areas (1.1.6) of the chamber dryer (1.1) and / or the Nozzles (5.4.2) are arranged in the side areas (1.2.8) of the cooling chambers (1.2) in the form of a uniform grid and are to be closed and opened in such a way that the opened nozzles (5.1.2) and / or (5.4. 2) are adapted to the contours of the workpieces (2A) and / or (2B). Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that the thermal energy for the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) is supplied by at least one kiln (8). Modular chamber dryer system (1), characterized in that the exhaust gases (5.2.3; 5.5.3) can be conducted into the furnace (8) for post-combustion. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 14th , characterized in that each of the at least two chamber dryers (1.1) has the following characteristics: (i) Internal dimensions: length = 5000 mm to 10,000 mm, including length in front of and behind the workpiece 2A = 100 mm to 1000 mm; - Height = 1500 mm to 5000 mm; - width = 2000 mm to 7000 mm; - dryer surface including inlet gate (1.1.1) and outlet gate (1.1.2): 80 m ² to 250 m ² ; (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter: Hold: 1000 m ³ / h to 5000 m ³ / h; - heating: 2000 m ³ / h to 10,000 m ³ / h; - Fresh air proportion: 500 m ³ / h to 3000 m ³ / h; (iii) Cycle times: one workpiece 2A / h or two workpieces 2A / h; (iv) Temperature: 1. Heating / Holding: 80 ° C to 130 ° C; 2. Heating / holding: 140 ° C to 180 ° C. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 15th , characterized in that each of the at least two cooling chambers (1.2) has the following characteristics: (i) Internal dimensions: length = 5000 mm to 10,000 mm, including length in front of and behind the workpiece 2A = 100 mm to 1000 mm; - height = 1500 mm to 5000 mm; - width = 2000 mm to 7000 mm; - Cooling chamber surface including inlet gate (1.2.1) and outlet gate (1.2.2): 80 m ² to 250 m ² ; (ii) Amount of circulating air per meter: 2000 m ³ / h to 8000 m ³ / h (iii) Fresh air proportion: 1000 m ³ / h to 4000 m ³ / h; (iv) cycle times: one workpiece 2B / h or two workpieces 2B / h; (v) Temperature: 1. Cooling: 8 ° C to 90 ° C; 2. Cooling: 20 ° C to 40 ° C; (vi) Extraction (5.5.2): Fan output: 10,000 m3 / h to 40,000 m3 / h per fan. Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 16 , characterized in that at least two of its sub-units (1.1; 1.2) - are arranged next to one another so that their longitudinal axes (L) are parallel to one another, - are arranged in a straight line one behind the other, so that they have a common longitudinal axis L and between the outlet gates (1.2 .2) the cooling chambers (1.2) of the at least one first sub-unit (1.1 + 1.2) and the inlet gates (1.1.1) of the chamber dryer (1.1) of the at least one second sub-unit (1.1 + 1.2) there is sufficient distance to allow workpieces (2B) out of the outlet gates (1.2.2) of the cooling chambers (1.2) of the at least one first sub-unit (1.1 + 1.2) and to feed workpieces (2A) into the inlet gates (1.1.1) of the chamber dryer (1.1) of the at least one second sub-unit (1.1 + 1.2) or - are arranged one above the other so that their longitudinal axes (L) are parallel to one another and the at least one first upper subunit (1.1 + 1.2) - by means of a retractable lifting device (10) to the lifting the workpieces (2A) from the standing surface (7) to the level (10.1) of the inlet gates (1.1.1) the upper chamber dryer (1.1) can be reached and - by means of a retractable lifting device (10) for lowering the workpieces (2B) from the level of the exit gates (1.2.2) of the upper cooling chambers (1.2) can be unloaded onto the level of the standing area (7). Modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 17th , characterized in that the at least one transport system (3) comprises a dust protection tunnel. Method for drying and / or curing the non-dried and / or non-cured coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers on and / or in workpieces (2A) and cooling the coated, varnished and / or bonded workpieces (2B) with the aid of at least one modular chamber dryer system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 18th , characterized by the following process steps: (A) Transport of a first workpiece (2A) using a transport system (3) to and through the inlet door (1.1.1) into the interior (1.1.7) of a chamber dryer (1.1) with the outlet door closed (1.1.2) and closing the inlet gate (1.1.1); (B) drying and / or curing the coatings, varnishes and / or adhesive layers (2.1) of the first workpiece (2A), so that the coated, lacquered and / or glued, hot first workpiece (2B) results; (C) discharging the hot first workpiece (2B) from the outlet gate (1.1.2) of the chamber dryer (1.1) through the inlet gate (1.2.1) into the interior of a cooling chamber (1.2) and closing the outlet gate (1.1.2) and the inlet gate (1.2.1) with the outlet gate (1.2.2) closed; (D) cooling the hot first workpiece (2B) to 20 ° C to 40 ° C and discharging the first cooled workpiece (2B) with the aid of a transport system (4) through the outlet gate (1.2.2) from the cooling chamber (1.2) when the cooling chamber (1.2) is closed Inlet gate (1.2.1), (E) Feeding in a second workpiece (2A) with the aid of the transport system (3) through the inlet gate (1.1.1) into the interior (1.1.7) of the chamber dryer (1.1) with the outlet gate (1.1. 2) and closing the inlet gate (1.1.1) immediately after the first hot workpiece (2B) has been discharged from the chamber dryer (1.1); (F) discharging the second hot workpiece (2B) from the chamber dryer (1.1) and introducing it into the cooling chamber (1.2) immediately after discharging the first cooled workpiece (2B); (G) Feeding a third workpiece (2A) into the chamber dryer (1.1) immediately after discharging the second hot workpiece (2B) from the chamber dryer (1.1) and (H) N-fold repetitions of process steps (A) to (G) , where N = an integer from 1 to N. Procedure according to Claim 19 , characterized in that the at least one transport system (3) comprises a dust protection tunnel.

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