DE102019002739A1 - Method and device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit, and heat-generating systems for heating and / or air conditioning systems, the power of the heat-generating systems being limited to a respective maximum power E, the value of which is impending Driving distance (FD) of the vehicle depends, - in the vehicle the vehicle user is determined on a query optically and / or acoustically carried out by the vehicle, the upcoming driving distance (FD) and / or - that, based on the vehicle data (F), an upcoming driving distance ( FD) is predicted between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination, the forecast result being confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query, and / or the upcoming driving distance (FD) by means of an app, computer application or other remote access handle on the vehicle is entered by the vehicle user, based on the detected upcoming driving distance (FD) a division into short distance, medium distance or long distance, and depending on this, the maximum released power E for the respective heat-generating systems are determined.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit and a heating and air-conditioning system, an electrical energy required for the targeted generation of heat in the vehicle being made available as a function of a driving distance of the vehicle.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle, comprising at least one electric drive unit, in particular an electric vehicle, and a heating and air-conditioning system with a control unit, which is designed to generate electrical energy required for the targeted generation of heat in the vehicle as a function of the one To provide vehicle driving distance of the vehicle and a vehicle with such a device.

In the DE 10 2009 04 7 395 A 1 discloses a method and a control device for controlling a hybrid drive of a vehicle. The hybrid drive has an electronic drive and a fuel drive. A database is provided which has assignments between route information and first and second route criteria, the route information representing routes that can be driven by the vehicle and the first route criterion using the electric drive on the respectively assigned route and the second route criterion a preferred use of the fuel drive represents the assigned route. Current route information, which represents a route traveled by the vehicle, is received and a current route criterion assigned to the current route information is determined from the database and control information is provided for using the electric drive if the current route criterion is the first Is a route criterion or to use the fuel drive if the current route criterion is the second route criterion.

The invention is based on the object of specifying an improved method and an improved device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit and a heating and air-conditioning system and a vehicle with such a device.

The object is achieved with regard to the method by the features specified in claim 1, the device by the features specified in claim 8 and with regard to the vehicle by the features specified in claim 9.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A method for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit and thermal units for heating and air conditioning systems provides that an electrical energy required for the targeted generation of heat in the vehicle is made available as a function of a planned driving distance of the vehicle.

According to the invention, it is provided that the output of the thermal units is at a respective maximum output E is limited, the value of which is based on the driving distance ( FD ) depends on the vehicle. The driving distance ahead ( FD ) is divided into short-haul, medium-haul or long-haul and depending on this, a maximum released services E for the respective heat generating systems.
The driving distance ahead ( FD ) is determined in different ways
It can be provided that this is determined in the vehicle by the vehicle user upon a query carried out optically and / or acoustically by the vehicle and / or that on the basis of available vehicle data ( F ) a driving distance ahead of the vehicle ( FD ) is forecast between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination, the forecast result being confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query and / or that the driving distance ahead ( FD ) is entered by the vehicle user using an app, computer application or other remote access to the vehicle,

According to the invention, the planned driving distance is subdivided into short distance, medium distance or long distance and the electrical energy is accordingly made available as a function of a mileage information provided by the vehicle user by the vehicle user based on a query optically and / or acoustically carried out by the vehicle.
As an alternative or in addition, a vehicle driving distance between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination is predicted on the basis of vehicle data available on the vehicle, a result of the forecast being confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query.

By using the method, an overall energy efficiency and a range of the vehicle can be improved on the basis of a thermal operating strategy optimized by means of the method, which is largely accurate Classification of the driving distance ahead of the vehicle is based.

The thermal operating strategy is based in particular on the electrical power of the heat-generating units being metered or throttled.

The targeted heat generation, especially at low outside temperatures, u. a. required for keeping windows from fogging and de-icing, for heating vehicle occupants, for heating the vehicle interior or for heating a drive train of the vehicle.

Using the method, electrical energy can be saved through intelligent management, in particular a reduction in the targeted generation of heat in the short-haul and medium-haul operation of the vehicle. The electrical energy thus saved can be used to operate the vehicle and can thus increase its range.

In particular, by avoiding, reducing, or throttling the electrical power for heat generation in short and medium-haul operation of the vehicle, meaningful energy savings can be achieved, since in short and medium-haul operation a cost-benefit ratio for targeted heat generation in the vehicle is comparatively unfavorable, because the energy-intensive heat is only made available for a relatively short useful life.

In one possible embodiment of the method, the query is carried out before the start of a journey and / or while the vehicle is in operation, so that it can essentially be ensured that the driving distance required for the targeted metering or reduction of the heat generation is present continuously.

In a further possible embodiment of the method, the vehicle user either inputs the mileage information expected from his point of view for the direct classification of the upcoming driving distance, and / or the confirmation of the predicted upcoming driving distance, and / or the correction of the predicted upcoming driving distance, at least in language, so that the Determination of the upcoming driving distance and the resulting provision of electrical energy can be carried out relatively quickly and without great effort.

In a further possible embodiment of the method, the vehicle user either provides the mileage information expected from him for the direct classification of the upcoming driving distance, and / or the confirmation of the forecast upcoming driving distance, and / or the correction of the forecast upcoming driving distance before entering the vehicle using an app , Computer application or other remote access to the vehicle.

A possible further development of the method provides that a day of the week, a date and a current time, a state of charge of an electrical energy storage device of the vehicle, a weather forecast, the current geographical vehicle position, as input variables for the prediction of the upcoming driving distance in the case of passive route guidance or a lack of navigation system. a home address, a current driving speed, a current driving distance since the start of a trip, a route already completed, an adjustment of the heating and air conditioning system, an adjustment of seat heating / ventilation, a number of vehicle occupants, a level of awareness of an already completed route and / or one Temperature of the cooling media of the vehicle and / or a temperature of drive components of the vehicle, a load state of the vehicle are taken into account.

By taking these input variables into account, it is possible to use a forecast to determine the driving distance ahead of the vehicle despite route guidance not being activated or the navigation system not being available.

In a further possible embodiment of the method, predetermined input variables are weighted on the basis of a weighting logic in order to determine the upcoming driving distance with relative accuracy, the weighting logic being used to determine a weighting number for predicting the driving distance ahead.

Another possible embodiment of the method provides that a quantity of the energy made available is specified as a function of a detected outside air temperature. It can thus be largely ensured that sufficient electrical energy is provided for targeted heat generation, in particular at comparatively low outside temperatures.

Every heat-generating system has the maximum possible electrical output.

The electrical outputs of the individual energy consumers are determined with algorithms during operation of the vehicle and released in doses.
The metering of the electrical power in operation always includes different target values in normal operation, such as the regulation to a predetermined target temperature of the Motor vehicle interior, the regulation to avoid overheating, the regulation from special driving programs (Economy, Comfort, Sport, etc.). These target values are provided by different thermal aggregates or heat-generating systems, such as window heating, seat heating, electrical auxiliary heaters, refrigerant compressors, pumps or air blowers in the vehicle.

In certain cases, the thermal operating strategy for saving the electrical energy to increase the range of the vehicle is superior to these dosages of the electrical power of the heat-generating systems for regular control reasons. This thermal economy strategy limits the performance of the heat generating systems to a pre-calculated value. A maximum possible electrical power is calculated and released for each of the heat-generating systems, hereinafter also referred to as released electrical power.
Depending on the calculation result, the heat-generating systems can remain below this performance limit or can fully utilize them.

The effect of the thermal operating strategy can be illustrated using an example.
A high-voltage PTC heater is used to heat the air flow coming from the blower or the cooling water in the heating circuit as part of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system.

The design-related power of the PTC auxiliary heater is 5.0 kW of maximum possible electrical power. On the basis of the thermal operating strategy, an approved electrical output of, for example, 40% is determined for the PTC auxiliary heater. The calculated and then released power limit is absolutely 2.0 kW. In this case, the high-voltage PTC is operated with a maximum of 2.0 kW. Depending on requirements, the high-voltage PTC auxiliary heater can therefore take up 0 to 2.0 kW of power. Its design-related, maximum possible output of 5.0 kW is not used in this case.

The thermal operating strategy preferably defines an individual value for the released power for each heat-generating system.

With a detected outside air temperature in the range of -25 ° C to 0 ° C, a maximum possible amount of electrical energy / power is made available in a further possible embodiment of the method, regardless of the determined or predicted driving distance for keeping windows from fogging. In this case, there is no throttling due to the thermal operating strategy and the anti-fogging feature can have up to 100% of its performance. In this way it can be ensured that the vehicle user has a clear view of the operation of the vehicle.

The device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit and a heating and air-conditioning system comprises a control unit which is designed to provide an electrical energy required for the targeted generation of heat in the vehicle depending on an upcoming driving distance of the vehicle, or the implement thermal operating strategy.

According to the invention, the control unit of the vehicle subdivides the upcoming driving distance into short distance, medium distance or long distance and accordingly makes the electrical energy available as a function of expected mileage information given by the vehicle user.
The information about the upcoming driving distance is preferably based on information given or entered by the vehicle user, such as the number of kilometers, distance or indication of a destination in the navigation device. The control device is preferably a subunit of the navigation device or integrated into it. The control unit and the navigation device are particularly preferably integrated into the head unit of the vehicle.

Alternatively or in addition, the control unit can also create a forecast and be confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query. The forecast is based in particular on the past time of day and distance data recorded in the control unit.

The vehicle according to the invention comprises a previously mentioned device, the vehicle being in particular an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a vehicle operated with fuel cells, in which there is a traction battery or a battery for driving the vehicle.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

• 1 schematisch einen ersten Ablauf eines Verfahrens zum verbrauchsoptimierten Betrieb eines Fahrzeuges mit zumindest einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit sowie einem Heiz- und Klimatisierungssystem,
• 2 schematisch einen zweiten Ablauf des Verfahrens,
• 3 schematisch einen dritten Ablauf des Verfahrens,
• 4 schematisch einen vierten Ablauf des Verfahrens,
• 5 schematisch einen fünften Ablauf des Verfahrens und
• 6 schematisch einen sechsten Ablauf des Verfahrens.

Show:

• 1 schematically a first sequence of a method for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit and a heating and air conditioning system,
• 2nd schematically a second sequence of the method,
• 3rd schematically a third sequence of the method,
• 4th schematically a fourth sequence of the method,
• 5 schematically a fifth sequence of the method and
• 6 schematically a sixth sequence of the method.

Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

1 shows a first sequence according to patent 20181D02657 A1 of a method for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle, not shown in detail, with at least one electric drive unit and a heating and air-conditioning system, with a driving distance that is imminent for the vehicle FD is forecast.

The vehicle comprises a navigation system and a heating and air conditioning system, it being possible as an alternative that the vehicle does not have a navigation system.

In such a vehicle, a targeted generation of heat in the vehicle, in particular for keeping the windows from fogging and defrosting, for heating the vehicle occupants and for heating a drive train of the vehicle, leads to a comparatively high expenditure of energy. This leads v. a. at low outside air temperatures to a significant reduction in available electrical energy and thus to a reduction in the range of the vehicle.

In order to optimize operation of the vehicle with regard to its consumption, a first sequence is described below A1 of the thermal operating strategy process. The aim of the method is to manage an electrical energy to be used for the targeted generation of heat. For this purpose, we use the released electrical power of the heat-generating systems or consumers depending on an upcoming driving distance known to the vehicle FD between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination, that is, with active navigation using the navigation system, or a predicted upcoming driving distance FD between the current vehicle position and a destination, i.e. when the navigation system is navigating passively, or throttled to the calculated and then released power limit.

If there is no navigation system in the vehicle, the driving distance ahead of the vehicle becomes FD also predicted.

Detection of whether the vehicle is traveling at a distance FD a short, medium or long distance is essential for thermal energy management or the thermal operating strategy.

If a destination to which the vehicle travels is entered in the navigation system, it is an active route guidance in which the driving distance that is imminent for the vehicle FD is determined from a, in particular geographical, current vehicle position to a destination of the vehicle. So it will be the kilometers of the upcoming driving distance FD recorded so that it can be determined whether it is a short distance, a medium distance or a long distance. Here is the determination of the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD a comparatively safe determination with active route guidance.

For example, it is a driving distance ahead FD from 0km to 5km and from 5km to 10km for a short distance. With an upcoming driving distance FD e.g. B. between 10km and 25km is a medium distance, whereas an upcoming driving distance FD of more than 25km is a long distance. The division into short, medium or long distances can vary depending on the vehicle type.

If no destination is entered in the navigation system, it is a passive route guidance and it becomes a driving distance that is imminent to the vehicle FD predicts how using the first flow A1 the procedure is shown. As described above, the upcoming driving distance FD also predicts if the vehicle does not have a navigation system.

In particular, the forecast of the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD based on vehicle data F Control devices present in the vehicle are carried out, the vehicle data F Navigation parameters and / or further parameters, such as an outside air temperature, can include.

• - Wochentag, d. h. ein Datum, und eine momentane Uhrzeit;
• - einen Ladezustand des elektrischen Energiespeichers;
• - eine Wettervorhersage als weiterer Parameter;
• - die geografische momentane Fahrzeugposition;
• - eine Heimadresse;
• - eine momentane Fahrgeschwindigkeit;
• - eine momentan zurückgelegte Fahrdistanz FD seit einem Fahrbeginn;
• - eine bereits absolvierte Fahrtroute;
• - eine Einstellung des Heiz- und Klimatisierungssystems;
• - eine Einstellung einer Sitzheizung/Sitzbelüftung;
• - eine Anzahl der Fahrzeuginsassen, welche mittels einer Sitzbelegungserkennung ermittelt werden kann;
• - einen Bekanntheitsgrad einer bisher absolvierten Fahrtroute (z. B. Weg zur Arbeit);
• - einer Temperatur von Kühlmedien des Fahrzeuges,
• - einer Temperatur von Antriebskomponenten, insbesondere des Antriebsstranges;
• - Beladungszustand des Fahrzeugs;
• - etc.

The following vehicle data can be used F as input variables for the prediction of the driving distance FD in the case of passive navigation of the vehicle or no navigation system:

• - day of the week, ie a date, and a current time;
• - A state of charge of the electrical energy store;
• - a weather forecast as a further parameter;
• - the current geographical position of the vehicle;
• - a home address;
• - a current driving speed;
• - a current driving distance FD since the start of a journey;
• - a route already completed;
• - an adjustment of the heating and air conditioning system;
• - a setting of a seat heating / seat ventilation;
• - A number of vehicle occupants, which can be determined by means of seat occupancy detection;
• - A level of awareness of a route completed so far (e.g. way to work);
• - a temperature of the vehicle's cooling media,
• - A temperature of drive components, especially the drive train;
• - vehicle load condition;
• - Etc.

According to the prediction of the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD this is assigned to the short-haul, medium-haul or long-haul.

From this assignment and taking into account, for example, the outside air temperature, the maximum released power is then E defined as a percentage of the maximum operational performance of the various heat-generating systems, which lead to a reduction in the targeted heat generation and thus to the energy savings described at the beginning. In particular, the maximum released power E determined by means of an energy expenditure algorithm.

The vehicle data F are weighted using a weighting logic, with the weighting of the current vehicle position in relation to the upcoming driving distance FD to home address with increasing driving distance FD elevated. Is the upcoming driving distance FD For example, 0 km to 2 km to the home address, the weighting is 0. This weighting is only possible with active or passive route guidance using a navigation system.

The weighting with regard to the day of the week and the current time increases significantly, for example, if it is determined that the day of the week is Monday to Friday and the current time is between 0:00 and 5:00. With a Sunday as the day of the week and a current time between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m., the weighting is 0.

The weighting in relation to the state of charge of the electrical energy store increases with the state of charge, the weighting being between 0 percent and 10 percent 0 for a state of charge.

The weighting is highest at a current driving speed of more than 140 km / h, whereas the weighting is between 0 km / h and 100 km / h 0.

For example, if the driving distance FDZ has already covered more than 10 km, the weighting is the highest in relation to this navigation parameter and the more vehicle occupants are recorded in the vehicle, the higher the weighting, the weighting being 0 if there is only one driver in the vehicle located.

The weighting per vehicle parameter and / or navigation parameter that is applicable by means of the weighting logic is added so that a weighting number is determined. The upcoming driving distance is forecast based on the weighting number FD .

If the weighting number for a passenger car is 0.1, 2 or 3, a short distance of 0 km to 5 km is considered as the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD predicted.

If the weighting number is between 3 and 10, a short distance of 5 km to 10 km is forecast. If a weighting number between 10 and 20 is determined, a middle distance of 10 km to 25 km is predicted, whereas with a weighting number between 20 and 40 a long distance from 25 km is predicted.

Depending on the vehicle type, the route areas can vary. In the case of vans and trucks in particular, the values for short distances or medium distances are lower in kilometers.

According to the predicted driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD the so-called maximum released power for the driving program with thermal operating strategy depending on the outside air temperature E Are defined.

The following are exemplary embodiments with regard to the maximum released power corresponding to the outside air temperature E described for targeted heat generation in the vehicle.

For example, in an outside air temperature range between 15 ° C and 40 ° C (summer) and a predicted short distance of up to 5 km, the maximum approved power for keeping windows from fogging is 20% of the maximum possible electrical power.

No electrical energy is provided for heating the vehicle occupants and for heating the drive train; i.e. here the maximum released power is 0%.

For a predicted short distance between 5 km and 10 km, the maximum released performance of the anti-fogging system is set to 30%, the heating of the vehicle occupants to 20% and the heating of the drive train to 20%.

If a middle distance is forecast in summer (outside air temperature range between 15 ° C and 40 ° C), the window fogging is kept 40%, the heating of the vehicle occupants 40% and the heating of the drive train 50% of the maximum electrical power.
In the case of a long distance forecast in summer, the value for the maximum electrical power for keeping the windows fog free is 50%, for the heating of the vehicle occupants 100% and for the heating of the drive train 100%.

The heating / air conditioning, the seat heating and other types of surface heating are usually used to heat the vehicle occupants.

If the defrost button, i.e. a so-called defrost button, is pressed in the vehicle, the limitation of the maximum electrical power available for the anti-fog protection is lifted and switched to 100% of the maximum electrical power.

In spring and autumn at an outside air temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 15 ° C, a window shortage of 40% for a forecast short distance of up to 5 km, 10% for heating the vehicle occupants and 0% of the respective maximum possible for heating the drive train , electrical power provided.

For the short distance between 5 km and 10 km predicted in spring or autumn (an outside air temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 15 ° C), the value for the maximum electrical power for keeping windows from fogging is 60%, for heating the vehicle occupants 30 % and for heating the drive train at 20%.

With a medium distance forecast in spring or autumn (an outside air temperature in the range of 0 ° C to 15 ° C), the value for keeping the windows fog-free is 80%, for heating the vehicle occupants 50% and for heating the drive train 50%.

There is no restriction or reduction in the electrical output of the heat-generating systems for the determined or forecasted long-distance operation of the vehicle.

In winter, ie with outside air temperatures in the range of -25 ° to 0 °, it is intended for all track types to keep windows from fogging 100 Percent of maximum electrical power are made available. This essentially ensures that the windows, in particular the windshield of the vehicle, are or are fog-free and that the driver's view is not restricted.

In the case of a short distance of up to 5 km determined or forecast in winter, the maximum released power for heating the vehicle occupants is set to 10% and for heating the drive train to 0%.

For driving a driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD in the form of a short distance in winter between 5 kilometers and 10 kilometers, the value of the maximum released power for heating the vehicle occupants is set to 30% and for heating the drive train to 20%.

For the middle distance forecast in winter, it is provided that the maximum approved power for heating the vehicle occupants is set to 70% and for heating the drive train to 50%.

The performance is not restricted for a determined or forecast long-distance route, so that with each function or all heat-generating systems, the maximum approved performance is 100%.

If the vehicle is a hybrid vehicle with an electric drive unit, provision is made for driving operation of the vehicle with an internal combustion engine to be largely avoided in the event of a recognized or predicted short distance.

Driving with an internal combustion engine is given priority, particularly when a long-distance route is recognized or predicted.

For a vehicle designed as an electric vehicle, it is generally the case that an energy-saving algorithm described above is used in the ECO driving program, whereby this ECO driving program can possibly restrict driving comfort by reducing the targeted generation of heat.

Driving safety of the vehicle is not restricted when the ECO drive program is activated, since the function of the anti-fog protection can be made available to this function at any time by pressing the defrost button.

The driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD Being able to classify directly is an in 2nd shown second sequence A2 provided, based on the classification, i.e. the division of the driving distance FD , and the maximum released power using the energy expenditure algorithm E is determined.

The second process A2 The procedure stipulates that the driving distance FD by means of two audio queries directed to the vehicle user AA1 , AA2 is determined.

• „Beträgt Ihre voraussichtliche Fahrdistanz FD ab jetzt weniger als 10 Kilometer?“.

A first audio query AA1 is issued to the vehicle user at the start of a journey, the first audio query AA1 can be as follows:

• “Is your expected driving distance FD from now less than 10 kilometers? ".

According to the present embodiment in 2nd the vehicle user answers with “yes”, so that the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD is assigned to a short distance, whereby the released maximum power E of the heat generating systems is calculated, for example, at 40% using the energy expenditure algorithm.

The figures are chosen as examples.

• „Beträgt Ihre voraussichtliche Fahrdistanz FD ab jetzt mehr als 25 Kilometer?“.

In the in 3rd shown third sequence A3 of the procedure, the vehicle user answers "no" to the first audio query AA1 , so that a second audio query at the latest while the vehicle is in operation AA2 is issued to the vehicle user, which can be as follows:

• “Is your expected driving distance FD from now more than 25 kilometers? ".

If the vehicle user answers "yes", the upcoming driving distance FD assigned to a long distance over 25 kilometers and using the energy expenditure algorithm it is determined that E is 100% by way of example.

In this exemplary embodiment, too, the numerical data represent exemplary data.

In one in 4th fourth sequence shown A4 of the method, the vehicle user answers both to the first audio request made to him AA1 as well as the second audio query AA2 with "no", so the driving distance FD is assigned as an example to a medium distance between 10 kilometers and 25 kilometers.

For example, the value determined using the energy expenditure algorithm is for E 70%, being in the fourth expiration A4 the numbers used are freely chosen.

5 shows a fifth process A5 of the procedure, the upcoming driving distance FD initially according to the first procedure A1 a third audio query is predicted and to increase the accuracy of the forecast AA3 is issued to the vehicle user.

An impending driving distance was determined by means of the weighting logic FD of 10 kilometers, which is assigned to a short distance.

• „Die Analyse Ihrer Fahrzeugdaten F ergab eine prognostizierte Fahrdistanz FD von maximal 10 Kilometer. Ist das aus Ihrer Sicht richtig?“.

To increase the accuracy of the forecast, the vehicle user is asked by means of the third audio query AA3 for example asked:

• "The analysis of your vehicle data F resulted in a predicted driving distance FD of a maximum of 10 kilometers. In your opinion, is that correct? ”.

The vehicle user replies to the third audio query AA3 with a "yes", the forecast of the upcoming driving distance FD confirmed and a corresponding value for E set by 20%.

The in the embodiment according to 5 The figures used are selected as examples.

• „Welche voraussichtliche, ungefähre Fahrdistanz FD in Kilometern erwarten Sie ab jetzt?“.

In the in 6 shown sixth sequence A6 of the method, the vehicle user replies to the third audio query AA3 with a "No", whereupon a fourth audio query AA4 is issued to the vehicle user. The vehicle user is asked:

• "What is the approximate driving distance FD in kilometers do you expect from now? ".

The vehicle user answers z. For example: "50 kilometers" so that the driving distance FD one Long distance with more than 25 kilometers is assigned.

Based on this upcoming driving distance FD For example, an E = 100% is set using the energy expenditure algorithm.

Even those in the sixth sequence A6 Numbers used are chosen, for example.

In particular by means of the 2nd to 6 described processes A2 to A6 is a relatively safe division of the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD , in particular in relation to a short-haul, medium-haul and long-haul on the basis of information from the vehicle user.

Alternatively or in addition to the output audio queries AA1 to AA4 , to which the vehicle user responds verbally, it can be provided that the queries are output optically on a display unit of the vehicle. The vehicle user can then answer the queries in writing and / or verbally. In particular, the audio queries output while the vehicle is in operation AA1 to AA4 are answered verbally by the vehicle user, with the first audio queries issued before the start of the journey AA1 can also be answered using another suitable input.

The execution of the processes A1 to A6 takes place in particular by means of a control unit, which is used to forecast and determine the driving distance ahead of the vehicle FD trained and the maximum released power E certainly.

When the vehicle is in operation, the route may become longer than corresponds to the assignment to short or medium range. If the range of the short distance is exceeded, the corresponding thermal operating strategy for the medium distance is set. If the distance for the medium distance is exceeded, the corresponding thermal operating strategy for the long distance is set.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102009047395 A [0003]

Claims (9)

Method for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle with at least one electric drive unit, as well as thermal units for heating and / or air-conditioning systems, the output of the thermal units being limited to a respective maximum output E, the value of which depends on the upcoming driving distance (FD) of the vehicle , characterized in that - in the vehicle by the vehicle user on a query carried out optically and / or acoustically by the vehicle, the upcoming driving distance (FD) is determined and / or - that based on the available vehicle data (F) a driving distance (FD) ahead of the vehicle between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination is predicted, the forecast result being confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query and / or, - the upcoming driving distance (FD) using an app, computer application or other remote access to the vehicle from the F Vehicle user is entered, with the aid of the upcoming driving distance (FD) being subdivided into short distance, medium distance or long distance, and depending on this, the maximum released power E for the respective heat generating systems is determined. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the query is carried out before starting a journey and / or while driving the vehicle. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that the vehicle user enters the kilometer information for the upcoming driving distance (FD), the confirmation and / or the correction at least in language. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a day of the week, a date and a current time, a state of charge of an electrical energy store of the vehicle, a weather forecast, as input variables for the prediction of the driving distance (FD) in the case of passive route guidance or a navigation system which is not present current geographical vehicle position, a home address, a current driving speed, a current driving distance (FD) since the start of a journey, a route already completed, an adjustment of the heating and air conditioning system, an adjustment of seat heating / ventilation, a number of vehicle occupants, a level of awareness of one the route completed so far and / or a temperature of the cooling media of the vehicle and / or a temperature of the drive components of the vehicle and / or the load condition of the vehicle are taken into account. Procedure according to Claim 4 , characterized in that predetermined input variables are weighted on the basis of a weighting logic, a weighting number for predicting the upcoming driving distance (FD) being determined by means of the weighting logic. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the maximum released powers E are specified as a function of a detected outside air temperature. Procedure according to Claim 6 , characterized in that with a recorded outside air temperature in the range of -25 ° C to 0 ° C, regardless of the determined or forecast driving distance (FD), the maximum released power for keeping windows from fogging is 100%. Device for the consumption-optimized operation of a vehicle, comprising at least one electric drive unit, and heat-generating systems for heating and / or air conditioning systems, the power of the heat-generating systems being limited to a respective maximum power E, the value of which is from the upcoming driving distance (FD) of the vehicle depends, characterized in that - in the vehicle by the vehicle user on a visual and / or acoustic query carried out by the vehicle, the upcoming driving distance (FD) is determined and / or - that, based on the vehicle data (F), an upcoming driving distance (FD) between a current geographical vehicle position and a destination is predicted, the forecast result being confirmed or corrected by the vehicle user by means of a corresponding query and / or, - that the upcoming driving distance (FD) is using an app, computer application or other remote access the vehicle is entered by the vehicle user, a division into short distance, medium distance or long distance is made on the basis of the detected upcoming driving distance (FD), and the maximum released power E for the heat-generating systems is determined depending on this. Vehicle with a device after Claim 8 .

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