DE102018124172A1 - Centrifugal pendulum device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a centrifugal pendulum device (1) with a pendulum mass carrier (2) which can be rotated about an axis of rotation (d), and pendulum masses (5) arranged thereon distributed over the circumference, which by means of two pendulum bearings (8) spaced apart in the circumferential direction along a predetermined by them Aerial track in the centrifugal force field of the pendulum mass carrier (2) rotating about the axis of rotation (d) are pivotably suspended on the pendulum mass carrier (2). In order to manufacture the centrifugal pendulum device (1) in a wear-resistant and dimensionally stable manner, at least one component of the centrifugal pendulum device (1) is made of sintered metal.

Description

The invention relates to a centrifugal pendulum device with a pendulum mass carrier arranged rotatably about an axis of rotation and to this pendulum masses arranged distributed over the circumference, which are pivotally suspended from the pendulum mass carrier by means of two pendulum bearings spaced in the circumferential direction along a pendulum path predetermined by this in the centrifugal force field of the pendulum mass carrier rotating about the axis of rotation .

Drive trains of motor vehicles have an internal combustion engine subject to torsional vibrations, so that different torsional vibration isolation devices, for example torsional vibration dampers, centrifugal pendulum devices and / or other mass absorbers, are known for calming them down. Centrifugal pendulum devices are used for speed-adaptive torsional vibration isolation. The torsional vibration isolation takes place in that, in the centrifugal force field, pendulum masses suspended from a pendulum mass carrier temporarily store energy entered as torque energy as potential energy and then release it again to the drive train.

As for example from the publications WO2014 / 023303 A1 and DE 10 2013 201 981 A1, one or more centrifugal pendulum devices can be attached to a torsional vibration damper, in accordance with document W02014 / 114 280 A1, on a clutch disc, in accordance with the document EP 2 600 030 A1 be provided on a hydrodynamic torque converter, on a housing of a friction clutch, a pulley decoupler or at similar locations on the drive train.

Here, the pendulum masses are accommodated on a pendulum mass carrier rotatably arranged about an axis of rotation by means of two pendulum bearings spaced in the circumferential direction along a pendulum path predetermined by pendulum bearings in the centrifugal force field of the pendulum mass carrier rotating about the axis of rotation. The effectiveness of torsional vibration isolation depends not only on the mass of the pendulum masses, but also on their radius relative to the axis of rotation.

According to the prior art, the pendulum masses and, if appropriate, the pendulum mass carrier or components of the centrifugal force pendulum device connected to them are made from sheet metal by means of a stamping process. Components manufactured in this way have a limited dimensional stability, in particular planarity and, for example, punch cutouts on raceways of the self-aligning bearings.

The object of the invention is the development of a generic centrifugal pendulum device. In particular, it is an object of the invention to propose a centrifugal pendulum device with improved function, in particular with regard to the planicity of its components and guidance of the pendulum masses on the pendulum mass carrier.

The object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. The claims dependent on this represent advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of claim 1.

The proposed centrifugal pendulum device is used in particular in a drive train of a motor vehicle for speed-adaptive torsional vibration isolation. For this purpose, the centrifugal pendulum device can be used individually or in combination with a torsional vibration damper, for example radially inside the spring device, with a clutch disc, with a hydrodynamic torque converter, for example in connection with a torsional vibration damper integrated in the converter housing, a pulley decoupler or another drive train device with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine subject to torsional vibrations Drive train to be connected. The centrifugal pendulum device can be provided in connection with a torsional vibration damper with a spring device integrated into the torque path, wherein the pendulum masses of the centrifugal pendulum device can be arranged radially inside the spring device, at the same height with it and axially to it or radially outside the spring device.

The centrifugal pendulum device has a pendulum mass carrier, on which pendulum masses distributed over the circumference are arranged, which are received on the pendulum mass carrier by means of self-aligning bearings. The self-aligning bearings are formed from mutually complementary raceways in the pendulum mass carrier and in the pendulum masses, on which a rolling element, for example a pendulum roller, a ball, a barrel or the like, rolls. The selection of the shape of the raceways, which specify a corresponding pendulum path of the pendulum masses, the design of the rolling elements, the distance of the center of gravity of the pendulum mass from the axis of rotation and the like specify the properties of the centrifugal pendulum, in particular the absorber order coordinated with the main excitation order of the internal combustion engine. Here, the pendulum masses are accelerated radially outwards due to the torsional vibration damper rotating around the axis of rotation in the centrifugal force field and shifted from torsional vibrations to smaller radii which cancel the torsional vibrations, so that the centrifugal force is dependent on the speed and therefore adaptive to the speed torque applied to the pendulum mass carrier.

The centrifugal pendulum can be designed, for example, in several embodiments. In a first embodiment, the pendulum mass carrier is designed as a pendulum flange on which pendulum masses are arranged on both sides. The axially opposite pendulum masses are axially spaced and connected by means of central parts and thus form pendulum mass units. Preferably two circumferentially spaced self-aligning bearings per pendulum mass unit contain raceways in the axially opposite pendulum masses and a raceway in the pendulum flange, each raceway axially overlapping and rolling onto a pendulum roller.

In a further embodiment of the centrifugal force pendulum, the pendulum mass carrier can be formed from two side parts which form an axial free space between them in which the pendulum masses are accommodated. The preferably two circumferentially spaced pendulum bearings per pendulum mass are each formed from raceways in the side parts and from a raceway in the pendulum mass, on which a pendulum roller axially spans the raceways.

In a further embodiment, middle parts can be accommodated in recesses of the pendulum mass carrier designed as a pendulum flange, with raceways preferably being arranged axially at the same height and radially one above the other in the recesses and on the middle parts to form two pendulum bearings spaced apart in the circumferential direction. In this case, a rolling element, for example a pendulum roller, a ball or the like, rolls in the axial installation space of the pendulum mass carrier between the raceways of the pendulum mass carrier and in each case a central part. By radially overlapping pendulum masses arranged on both sides of the pendulum mass carrier, the rolling element is held captively in the respective pendulum bearing. Here, the middle parts can be designed with a significant mass of the pendulum masses or with a small mass compared to the pendulum masses. Furthermore, the pendulum masses can be designed as thin cover disks, for example to provide an axially narrow centrifugal pendulum device, or as mass-bearing elements. The pendulum masses and the middle parts can each be formed in one piece or preferably produced as pendulum masses and middle parts and riveted to one another, caulked or connected in a similar manner.

In order to improve the rolling motion of the rolling elements, possibly pendulum rollers of the self-aligning bearings or to improve the flat properties of components of the centrifugal pendulum device, at least one component of the centrifugal pendulum device is made of sintered metal. The at least one component made of sintered metal can be produced ready for installation during the sintering process. This means that the functional components, for example openings, raceways and the like, are provided ready for installation without additional rework. Preferably, the pendulum mass carrier, for example a pendulum flange or two side parts receiving the pendulum masses between them, the pendulum masses, the middle parts connecting the pendulum masses, pendulum mass units formed in one piece from pendulum masses and middle parts, inserts with raceways for the pendulum masses, the middle parts and / or the rolling elements , for example, spherical rollers made of sintered metal.

For example, in the case of pendulum masses, middle parts, inserts and / or the pendulum mass carrier produced from sintered metal, the raceways for the pendulum bearings can be worked directly onto the pendulum masses during the manufacturing process, so that post-processing is not necessary. The sintering process enables raceways to be produced without chipping or essentially without other material defects, so that the rolling elements roll evenly over the axial width of the raceways and the rolling movement of the rolling elements on the raceways takes place symmetrically and essentially no axial deviations occur. In addition, the bearing behavior of the self-aligning bearings is improved. For example, a rolling surface of the raceways with the rolling bodies essentially corresponds to the axial width of the raceways.

In embodiments with a pendulum flange and pendulum masses arranged on both sides of it, axially opposite pendulum masses can be connected to one another to form pendulum mass units by means of a middle part made of sintered metal. Due to the central parts being completely flat due to the sintering process, the pendulum masses are arranged in a plane-parallel arrangement. According to an advantageous embodiment with middle parts made of sintered metal, these raceways for the self-aligning bearings can be worked on.

If the centrifugal pendulum device is designed with a pendulum mass carrier formed from two side parts, in which the pendulum masses are accommodated in a receiving area formed from the two side parts, the side parts can be made of sintered metal. The raceways of the side parts can be worked on without rework. Alternatively, inserts with raceways for the self-aligning bearings made of sintered metal can be introduced into the side parts made of sheet metal. The same version can be used in one as a pendulum flange designed pendulum mass carrier raceways for the pendulum bearing inserts made of sintered metal are provided.

To improve the rolling properties of the rolling elements on the raceways for the self-aligning bearings of components made of sintered metal, at least some of the pores of these components can be filled with tribologically active material. For example, the tribologically active material can be formed from a liquid lubricant, for example oil or fat, and / or from a solid lubricant, for example molybdenum disulfide.

• - Selbstschmierung:
  • Bauteile aus Sintermetall weisen ein hohes Maß an Porosität auf. Durch Tränken der Bauteile in Öl beispielsweise unmittelbar nach der Wärmebehandlung des Sinterverfahrens tritt in die Poren Öl ein. Dadurch wird dauerhaft ein Schmierfilm auf den Kontaktflächen der Laufbahnen der Pendellager mit dem Wälzkörper gebildet. Ergänzend kann durch Beimischung besonderer Additive in das Öl als Imprägnierungsmedium das tribologische System aus Laufbahn, Wälzkörper und Imprägnierungsmedium zusätzlich optimiert sein.
  • Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann eine Einlagerung von Festschmierstoffen, beispielsweise Molybdändisulfid in den Sinterwerkstoff, beispielsweise durch Beimischung in das Sinterpulver vor dem Kompaktieren vorgesehen sein.
• - Herstellung aller die Laufbahnen der Pendellager bildenden Bauteile durch Sintern zur Vermeidung von Stanzausbrüchen, die prozessbedingt beim Stanzen der oben angegebenen Bauteile entstehen. Desweiteren Sicherstellung einer sehr guten Oberflächenbeschaffenheit ohne Notwendigkeit an maschineller Nacharbeit. Es resultiert eine deutliche Erhöhung des Traganteils zwischen den Laufbahnen und des auf diesem abwälzenden Wälzkörpers von beispielsweise bis zu 50% gegenüber Bauteilen mit gestanzten Laufbahnen. Hierdurch kann die Flächenpressung reduziert und eine Schiefstellung der Pendelrollen auf den Pendelbahnen vermieden beziehungsweise verringert werden, so dass ein verbesserter „Geradeauslauf“ der Wälzkörper erzielt und ein Anschlagen der Pendelmassen an dem Pendelmassenträger vermieden beziehungsweise verringert werden kann.
• - Herstellung von Bauteilen aus Sintermetall zur Erhöhung der Maßhaltigkeit, insbesondere Ebenheit. Hierdurch können ein Versatz der Pendelmassen und ein hierdurch bedingter Verschleiß vermieden beziehungsweise verringert und die Dauerhaltbarkeit der Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung erhöht werden.

In other words, the manufacture of the components of a centrifugal pendulum device, for example the masses of the pendulum and middle parts in large series, is replaced by stamping or fine stamping of steel sheets with subsequent hardening process with only limited dimensional accuracy, particularly in terms of flatness, by the production of these components by a sintering process. In this way, poor flatness of the components mentioned with an offset of the pendulum masses, which in turn has a negative effect on the wear behavior of the centrifugal pendulum, can be avoided. Furthermore, the so-called zero point wear as well as the axial run-up of the pendulum masses, which can lead to increased friction and axial wear up to radial wear due to violation of the rolling condition in the pendulum track and on the rolling element, and punch breaks in the raceways, which relate in particular to the raceways the increasing Hertzian pressure in contact with the roller has a wear-promoting effect. According to the inventive idea of at least partial replacement of stamped components by sintered components, the following design options arise:

• - self-lubrication:
  • Sintered metal components have a high degree of porosity. By soaking the components in oil, for example, immediately after the heat treatment of the sintering process, oil enters the pores. As a result, a lubricating film is permanently formed on the contact surfaces of the raceways of the self-aligning bearings with the rolling element. In addition, by adding special additives to the oil as the impregnation medium, the tribological system comprising the raceway, rolling elements and impregnation medium can be additionally optimized.
  • As an alternative or in addition, solid lubricants, for example molybdenum disulfide, can be incorporated into the sintered material, for example by adding them to the sintered powder before compacting.
• - Production of all the components forming the raceways of the self-aligning bearings by sintering to avoid punching breakouts, which arise due to the process when the above-mentioned components are punched. Furthermore, ensuring a very good surface quality without the need for machine rework. The result is a significant increase in the proportion of load-bearing between the raceways and the rolling element rolling on them, for example up to 50% compared to components with punched raceways. As a result, the surface pressure can be reduced and skewing of the pendulum rollers on the aerial tramway can be avoided or reduced, so that an improved "straight running" of the rolling elements can be achieved and striking of the pendulum masses on the pendulum mass carrier can be avoided or reduced.
• - Production of components made of sintered metal to increase dimensional accuracy, especially flatness. As a result, an offset of the pendulum masses and wear caused thereby can be avoided or reduced and the durability of the centrifugal pendulum device can be increased.

• - komplexe, beispielsweise mittels Stanzverfahren schwer herstellbare Formkörper sind einfach herstellbar;
• - es ist keine Zerspanung und/oder Umformung nötig;
• - die Bauteile können einbaufertig hergestellt sein;
• - kein Abfall, beispielsweise Stanzabfall;
• - gute Oberflächenbeschaffenheit: Die Oberflächenrauheit bei gesinterten und kalibrierten Bauteilen entspricht im Wesentlichen den Werten, die bei Massivwerkstoffen nur durch Schleifen und nachträgliches Feindrehen erzielt werden können;
• - hohe Produktionszuverlässigkeit bei Großserien;
• - vergleichsweise kurze Durchlaufzeiten in der Herstellung und Losgrößen, die für die Produktion der Bauteile geeignet sind;
• - hohe Genauigkeit in der Ausführung mit einem geringen Toleranzbandniveau;
• - umweltschonender, energiearmer Herstellungsprozess;
• - Schwingungsdämpfung: die innere Porosität von Bauteilen aus Sintermetall weist dämpfende Eigenschaften bei der Übertragung von Schwingungen auf. Hierdurch kann insbesondere in Bezug auf das akustische Verhalten beispielsweise das Geräuschverhalten während Start-/Stoppvorgängen der Brennkraftmaschine eine Verbesserung erzielt werden.
• - Massevariabilität: Aufgrund der Auswahlmöglichkeit an Komponenten des Sintermaterials und/oder der Porosität der Sinterteile kann über einen weiten Bereich die Dichte der Bauteile variiert werden. Beispielsweise kann die Masse der Bauteile durch Zufügung von Bestandteilen mit größerer Dichte als Stahl wie beispielsweise Wolfram erhöht werden, so dass der Bauraumanspruch der Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung sinkt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können andere Bauteile, beispielsweise der Pendelmassenträger mit geringerer Dichte versehen sein, so dass ein verbessertes Masse-/Wirkungsverhältnis der vorgeschlagenen Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung erzielt wird.

Other advantages of components made from sintered metal are:

• - Complex moldings, which are difficult to manufacture, for example, by means of stamping processes, are easy to manufacture;
• - no machining and / or forming is necessary;
• - The components can be manufactured ready for installation;
• - no waste, for example punching waste;
• - Good surface quality: The surface roughness of sintered and calibrated components essentially corresponds to the values that can only be achieved with solid materials by grinding and subsequent fine turning;
• - high production reliability for large series;
• - comparatively short lead times in production and batch sizes that are suitable for the production of the components;
• - high accuracy in execution with a low tolerance band level;
• - environmentally friendly, low-energy manufacturing process;
• - Vibration damping: the inner porosity of components made of sintered metal exhibits damping Properties when transmitting vibrations. As a result, an improvement can be achieved in particular with regard to the acoustic behavior, for example the noise behavior during start / stop operations of the internal combustion engine.
• - Mass variability: Due to the choice of components of the sintered material and / or the porosity of the sintered parts, the density of the components can be varied over a wide range. For example, the mass of the components can be increased by adding components with a greater density than steel, such as tungsten, so that the space requirement of the centrifugal pendulum device decreases. Alternatively or additionally, other components, for example the pendulum mass carrier, can be provided with a lower density, so that an improved mass / effectiveness ratio of the proposed centrifugal pendulum device is achieved.

• 1 eine Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung in Ansicht,
• 2 einen Teil einer gegenüber der Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung der 1 abgeänderten Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtung in 3D-Ansicht und
• 3 eine 3D-Ansicht einer gegenüber den Fliehkraftpendeleinrichtungen der 1 und 2 abgeänderten Pendelmasseneinheit.

The invention is based on the in the 1 to 3rd illustrated embodiments explained in more detail. These show:

• 1 a centrifugal pendulum device in view,
• 2nd a part opposite the centrifugal pendulum device 1 modified centrifugal pendulum device in 3D view and
• 3rd a 3D view of one against the centrifugal pendulum devices of the 1 and 2nd modified pendulum mass unit.

The 1 shows the embodiment of the centrifugal pendulum device 1 in view. The centrifugal pendulum device 1 is arranged here, for example, in a torsional vibration damper radially within a spring device which is on the output side of the pendulum mass carrier 2nd by means of the radially extended arms 3rd is applied. The pendulum mass carrier 2nd is a disc-shaped pendulum flange 4th trained on which the pendulum masses distributed on both sides over the circumference 5 are arranged. Pendulum masses axially opposite each other 5 are each by means of the preferred mass, that is, with the pendulum masses 5 the central parts that determine the mass 6 together to form pendulum mass units 7 connected. To view the middle part 6 the left front pendulum mass has been removed.

The pendulum masses 5 or pendulum mass units 7 are on the pendulum mass carrier 2nd by means of the self-aligning bearings spaced apart in the circumferential direction 8th pendulum-compatible. The aerial tramway 5 in the centrifugal force field around the axis of rotation d rotating pendulum mass carrier 2nd is due to the design of the self-aligning bearing 8th given.

The self-aligning bearings 8th are each made in the pendulum flange 4th and in the pendulum masses 5 recesses 9 , 10th with careers 11 , 12th formed on which a the recesses 9 , 10th overlapping rolling elements 13 - here rolls a pendulum roller. The rolling elements made of sintered metal, for example 13 support the pendulum mass units 7 against centrifugal force on the pendulum flange 4th and let a pendulum movement of the pendulum mass units 7 to.

The dimensional accuracy of the disc-shaped components, for example the pendulum flange 4th , the pendulum masses 5 and / or the middle parts 6 improve and the careers 11 , 12th To produce uniformly over the entire thickness and with a high quality surface without finishing, at least some or all of the components are made of sintered metal using a sintering process. The pores of the components made of sintered metal can be impregnated with liquid lubricant. Alternatively or additionally, solid lubricant, for example molybdenum disulfide, can be added to the sinter powder for producing the components.

The 2nd shows part of the opposite of the centrifugal pendulum device 1 of the 1 modified centrifugal pendulum device 1a in 3D representation, in which only a pendulum mass 5a and the mass-affected middle part 6a are shown. According to the centrifugal pendulum device 1 are pendulum masses on both sides of a pendulum flange 5a arranged and by means of the middle part 6a connected with each other. In contrast to the centrifugal pendulum device 1 are the self-aligning bearings 8a the centrifugal pendulum device 1a between the pendulum flange and the middle section 6a educated. The middle section points to this 6a two circumferentially spaced raceways 12a on each of which a rolling element 13a - here a pendulum roller - rolls. The pendulum flange radially faces the raceways 12a opposite careers. The middle part is preferably 6a with the career 12a made of sintered metal which corresponds to the components of the 1 can be treated tribologically. The pendulum masses 5a can be made of sintered metal, the mass of which can be increased by admixing denser material than steel, for example tungsten.

The 3rd shows the pendulum mass unit 7b consisting of the two axially spaced pendulum masses 5b and the two circumferentially spaced in the pendulum masses 5b missions 15b is formed. The stakes 15b replace the middle part 6a of the 2nd and form the careers 12b the self-aligning bearing opposite a self-aligning flange. The stakes 15b are made of sintered metal formed and are in the recesses 16b the pendulum masses 5b inserted and with the pendulum masses 5b connected, for example welded or caulked. The pendulum masses 5b are made of sintered metal or sheet metal.

Reference list

1

Centrifugal pendulum device

1a

Centrifugal pendulum device

2nd

Pendulum mass carrier

3rd

poor

4th

Pendulum flange

5

Pendulum mass

5a

Pendulum mass

5b

Pendulum mass

6

Middle section

6a

Middle section

7

Pendulum mass unit

7b

Pendulum mass unit

8th

Self-aligning bearing

8a

Self-aligning bearing

9

Recess

10th

Recess

11

career

12th

career

12a

career

12b

career

13

Rolling elements

13a

Rolling elements

15b

commitment

16b

Recess

d

Axis of rotation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 2014/023303 A1 [0003]
• EP 2600030 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) with a pendulum mass carrier (2) rotatably arranged about an axis of rotation (d) and pendulum masses (5, 5a, 5b) distributed over the circumference of the pendulum mass, which along by means of two circumferentially spaced pendulum bearings (8, 8a) one is suspended from the pendulum mass carrier (2, 2b) so as to be pivotable in the centrifugal force field of the pendulum mass carrier (2) rotating about the axis of rotation (d), characterized in that at least one component of the centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) is made of sintered metal. Centrifugal pendulum device (1) Claim 1 , characterized in that the pendulum masses (5, 5b) with machined raceways (12) for the pendulum bearings (8), the pendulum mass carrier (2) and / or rolling elements (13, 13a) of the pendulum bearings (8, 8a) are made of sintered metal . Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) after Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that axially opposite pendulum masses (5, 5a, 5b) are connected by means of a middle part (6, 6a) and the middle part (6, 6a) and / or the pendulum masses (5, 5b) is made of sintered metal. Centrifugal pendulum device (1a) Claim 3 , characterized in that the self-aligning bearings (8a) are formed between the self-supporting mass carrier and the middle parts (6a) and the middle parts (6a) with machined raceways (12a) for the self-aligning bearings (8a) are made of sintered metal. Centrifugal pendulum device according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the pendulum mass carrier is formed from two, the pendulum masses axially between receiving side parts, the pendulum bearings are each formed between the side parts and the pendulum masses. Centrifugal pendulum device according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that raceways (12b) for the pendulum bearing inserts (15b) made of sintered metal are provided on the pendulum mass carrier and / or on the pendulum masses (5b). Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the components made of sintered metal contain tribologically active material. Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) after Claim 7 , characterized in that the tribologically active material is a liquid lubricant introduced into at least part of the pores of the sintered metal and / or solid lubricant added to the sintered powder forming the sintered metal. Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) according to one of the Claims 2 to 8th , characterized in that a supporting portion of the raceways (11, 12, 12a, 12b) essentially corresponds to the axial width of the raceways (11, 12, 12a, 12b). Centrifugal pendulum device (1, 1a) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the components are made of sintered metal ready for installation .

Images