DE102018112531A1 - Hydrodynamic coupling, in particular for a pump or compressor station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic coupling with a bladed impeller and a bladed turbine wheel, which together form a working space which can be filled with a working medium in order to hydrodynamically transmit drive power from the impeller to the turbine wheel; with an external working medium circuit which is connected to a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet of the working space and in which a working medium cooler is provided for cooling the working medium, wherein the working medium cooler has a cooler inlet for the working medium to be cooled and a cooler outlet for the working medium cooled in the working medium cooler, further a Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt which connects the cooler inlet working medium conducting with the radiator outlet and having a heat removal surface, along which the working fluid flows from the radiator inlet to the radiator outlet. The hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention is characterized in that the working medium radiator has at least one bypass to the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt and at least one bypass valve provided is, with which the bypass either to the flow with the working medium can be released or shut off, the bypass so on Arbeitsmed connected to the cooling medium and can be flowed through by the working medium, that when bypass is flowed through by the working medium heat of the working medium is transferred to the heat dissipation section.

Description

The present invention relates to a hydrodynamic coupling, as used for example in applications in material flow systems (for example for belt conveyors), processing plants for material processing (for example for crushers) or for a pump or compressor station for the promotion of a water, oil or gas stream , The invention relates in particular to applications with low ambient temperatures, which require heating of the operating medium for regular plant operation.

Hydrodynamic couplings are operated with a working medium, usually a liquid, such as hydraulic oil. The working medium is accelerated in the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling in the bladed impeller, conveyed into the region of the blades of the turbine wheel, braked there and conveyed back into the area of blading of the impeller. This creates a working medium circuit in the working space, which transmits hydrodynamically torque or drive power from the impeller to the turbine wheel. This heats the working fluid.

In order to dissipate the introduced in the working space heat in the working medium from the working fluid, an external working fluid circuit is provided in generic hydrodynamic couplings, in which a working medium cooler is arranged for cooling the working fluid. Due to the construction, a flow resistance for the working medium occurs in the cooler, so that the flow through the working medium cooler is connected to the working medium with a pressure loss. If the flow conditions of the working medium in the hydrodynamic coupling by driving the bladed impeller does not already produce a sufficient working medium pressure, then a further pump must be provided which maintains the working medium flow through the working medium cooler or the entire external working medium circuit. Such a pump may be, for example, a dynamic pressure pump with which the working medium is conveyed at least indirectly out of the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling into the external working medium circuit.

However, if the hydrodynamic coupling, in particular the external working medium circuit, is exposed to a low-temperature environment, the low temperatures will cause the fluidity of the working fluid to decrease with decreasing temperatures as the hydrodynamic machine is decommissioned and thus heat input into the hydrodynamic machine Working medium is interrupted. This can lead to a solidification of the working medium, especially in the usually narrow channels of the working medium cooler. These narrow channels are provided, for example, in a heat dissipation section of the working medium cooler in order to obtain a large heat dissipation surface, via which the heat is released from the working medium to the environment. Due to the mentioned reduced flowability or solidification of the working medium, the pressure loss generated in the working medium cooler is increased in the flow through the working medium when the hydrodynamic coupling is put into operation again.

If the working medium has largely solidified, it must be thawed, so to speak, first by supplying heat when the hydrodynamic coupling is restarted, for example by heating elements introduced in a working medium tank. But even in an already flowable state of the working medium must be due to the viscosity of the working fluid in the cold state and possibly still existing Arbeitsmediumanlagerungen especially in the narrow channels in the working medium cooler below certain ambient temperatures another pump, usually high pressure pump, be provided to the working medium to promote the working medium cooler, at least as long as the pump power of the impeller or an optionally additionally provided operating pump, such as dynamic pressure pump, not sufficient to overcome the increased flow resistance in the external circuit, especially in the working medium cooler.

If subsequently the necessary working medium temperature is reached, so that the usual pressure drop in the working medium cooler is formed during nominal operation, the high-pressure pump and in particular the electric heating elements in the working medium tank can be switched off and the hydrodynamic coupling can be started up.

Depending on the outside temperature, this process of preparing the working medium or the working medium cooler may take several hours or it may be provided a very large heating power.

In practice, there are also solutions in which all parts of the external working medium circuit, which are exposed to cold ambient temperatures are emptied when decommissioning of the hydrodynamic coupling from the working fluid and the working fluid is "stored" in a warmer place. This avoids in particular that the working medium in the Working medium cooler solidifies due to low ambient temperatures.

The present invention is based on the object of specifying a hydrodynamic coupling, in particular for a material flow system, for example belt conveyors, for a processing plant for material processing, for example crushers, or for a pump or compressor station for conveying a stream of water, oil or gas. having an external working medium circuit and in which the start of the hydrodynamic coupling is possible even at cold ambient temperatures and a possible solidification of the working medium in the external circuit, in particular in the working medium cooler, with less effort than before and faster.

The object of the invention is achieved by a hydrodynamic coupling with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims advantageous and particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention and a pump or compressor station are given with a hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention. Furthermore, a belt conveyor and a crusher with a hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention are specified.

The hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention has a bladed impeller and a bladed turbine wheel, which together form a working space which can be filled with a working medium in order to hydrodynamically transmit drive power from the impeller to the turbine wheel, as explained above. Accordingly, an external working medium circuit is provided, which is connected to a working medium inlet and to a Arbeitsmediumauslass the working space and in which a working medium cooler is provided for cooling the working medium.

The working medium cooler has a cooler inlet for the working medium to be cooled and a cooler outlet for the working medium cooled in the working medium cooler. Furthermore, a heat dissipation section is provided in the working medium radiator, which connects the radiator inlet with the radiator outlet and has a heat dissipation surface via which heat is removed from the working medium, at least during nominal operation of the hydrodynamic coupling, when the temperature of the working medium requires it. The working medium accordingly flows out of the radiator inlet along the heat removal surface to the radiator outlet.

According to the invention, the working medium cooler has at least one bypass to the heat removal section, and at least one bypass valve is provided in the working medium cooler or outside thereof, in particular in the at least one bypass itself, with which the bypass can be selectively opened or shut off for flow with working medium. In the latter case, therefore, no working medium flows through the bypass, but in principle is not excluded that the bypass valve does not completely shut off the at least one bypass, so that a residual flow of working fluid through the bypass flows even when shut off bypass through it.

According to the invention, the bypass is connected to the working medium cooler and can be flowed through by the working medium so that heat of the working medium is transferred into the heat dissipation section when the bypass is flowed through by the working medium.

The transfer of heat of the working medium into the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt can be achieved, that the working medium, before it enters the bypass, and / or after it exits the bypass again, is performed near the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt such that the heat corresponding to this in the Working medium leading section before the bypass and / or behind the bypass from the working fluid is transferred to the heat dissipation section. Additionally or alternatively, the bypass itself may also be guided along the heat dissipation section such that heat is transferred from the working medium in the bypass to the heat dissipation section.

The at least one bypass valve may be positioned at the entrance and / or at the exit of the bypass or in a portion of the bypass between the entrance and the exit. Only the desired release and shut-off of the bypass must be achieved with the at least one bypass valve.

The bypass valve can basically be designed as an on-off valve, which releases the least one bypass in its open position and in its closed position shuts off the at least one bypass, at least substantially shuts it off. However, other embodiments are conceivable, for example, the embodiment of at least one bypass valve as a directional control valve and / or switching valve, which directs the working medium flow in the direction of the Wärmeabfuhrabschnittes in one position and at the same time shuts off the bypass and directs the working fluid flow in another position in the bypass and the Work medium-conducting connection to the heat dissipation section interrupts. It is also possible in principle to carry out the bypass valve as a control valve with intermediate positions.

Furthermore, it is possible that the bypass valve does not interrupt the working medium-conducting connection even when the bypass is open.

The at least one bypass is preferably connected to the cooler inlet and the radiator outlet in such a way that the working medium first enters the working medium cooler via the radiator inlet, then flows through the at least one bypass when it is open and flows out of the bypass to the radiator outlet. When the bypass is closed, the working fluid flows through the same radiator inlet, through the heat dissipation section and to the same radiator outlet. The bypass itself can run inside or outside or outside of the working medium cooler. Alternatively, however, the bypass can also branch off in front of the radiator inlet or in the radiator inlet and open in the direction of flow of the working medium behind the radiator outlet or in the radiator outlet. For example, a bypass valve is provided in the region of the radiator inlet, which is connected to the bypass and the radiator inlet or forms the radiator inlet and / or in the region of the radiator outlet a bypass valve is provided, which is connected to the bypass and the radiator outlet or forms the radiator outlet.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible to open the bypass at cold ambient temperatures or generally in states in which there is a risk of a high pressure loss when the heat dissipation section of the working medium cooler flows through the working medium (this can be active, in particular via a directional control valve, for example). or passively, in particular via a pressure relief valve or check valve) so as to avoid the undesirable pressure loss. Thus, it is possible according to the invention, for example, when commissioning the hydrodynamic coupling, especially at cold ambient temperatures, first to operate the hydrodynamic coupling with the working fluid, especially the still cold working fluid, and the working fluid from the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling via the bypass at the heat dissipation section of Passing work medium cooler over to then lead it back into the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling. In the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling, the working fluid is then gradually heated in such an operation, so that when a sufficient working fluid temperature is reached and in particular the working medium cooler has reached a predetermined temperature, the bypass can be closed and the working medium from then through the heat dissipation section of the Working medium cooler can be passed.

Optionally, during this preparation or starting operation of the hydrodynamic coupling, during which the working medium is passed through the bypass, the turbine wheel of the hydrodynamic coupling be set in order to achieve a larger heat input in the working space of the hydrodynamic coupling in the working medium. Only when the desired operating temperature has been reached can the turbine wheel be released and, in particular, a work machine driven by the turbine wheel.

In the solution according to the invention, in particular heating elements in a working medium tank in the external working medium circuit can be avoided or their number or power can be reduced. Also, the starting process of the hydrodynamic coupling, in particular the working machine driven by the hydrodynamic coupling, can be accelerated. Preferably, an additional pump in the external working medium circuit, which was previously required only for such a start-up, be saved. This also applies previously necessary controls, such as valves in conjunction with the additional pump.

Finally, energy can be saved because the heating power of the hydrodynamic coupling is used. In particular, the heating power of the hydrodynamic coupling significantly exceeds the heating capacity of conventional heating elements, so that the required heating time can be significantly reduced.

Preferably, the at least one bypass or all bypasses together have a larger flow cross-section for the working medium than the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt the working medium cooler and / or the flow resistance of the bypass or the common flow resistance of all bypasses for the working medium is smaller than that of the Wärmeabfuhrabschnittes. This reduces the pressure loss for the working medium.

In principle, it is possible to divide the working medium flow at an opening of the at least one bypass, for example, free, on the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt and at least one bypass, so that the flow cross section of the Wärmeabfuhrabschnittes and the at least one bypass for the flow through the working medium cooler with the working fluid are available.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the working medium cooler has a working medium distributor provided in the flow direction of the working medium behind the cooler inlet and a working medium distributor in the flow direction of the working medium Radiator outlet arranged Arbeitsmediumsammler. The Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt has a plurality of working medium channels, which are connected in terms of working medium flow parallel to each other on Arbeitsmediumverteiler and the working medium collector working medium. The at least one bypass branches off from the working medium distributor and flows into the working medium collector.

The working medium cooler is designed in particular as a liquid-air cooler and is operated with air or generally a gaseous cooling medium, wherein the working medium is a liquid. In principle, however, a liquid-liquid cooler is conceivable when the working fluid is a liquid, so a cooling of the working fluid with a cooling liquid.

For example, the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt and the working medium channels of the working medium cooler are formed by a disk set.

In particular, the disk pack is heated in the medium flowed through by the working medium with heat from the working medium.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the bypass valve is designed as a check valve which opens at a comparatively larger working medium pressure in the flow direction of the working medium before the bypass or in an inlet region of the bypass and closes at a comparatively larger working medium pressure at this point. Thus, the desired opening and closing behavior of the bypass valve can be achieved without external control.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a temperature sensor for detecting the working medium temperature and / or the working medium chiller temperature is provided. A control device can then access the temperature sensor and control the at least one bypass valve in dependence on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in order to open and close it.

According to another embodiment, which in principle, however, can also be used together with a corresponding control device, the at least one bypass valve is designed as a thermostatic valve which is adapted to open and close depending on the temperature of the working medium applied to it.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a working medium tank is provided in the external working medium circuit. This can not accommodate working medium located in the working space. The tank may have at least one heating element, for example an electric heating element, but may also be free of such a heating element.

Preferably, a dynamic pressure pump is provided, which is connected to the working space and / or a working medium-carrying auxiliary space within a housing of the hydrodynamic coupling in such a way that it promotes working medium from the working space and / or the adjoining space into the external working medium cycle. In particular, in this case, the external working medium circuit may be free of an additional pump, at least free of a pump, which is used only for the starting process of the hydrodynamic coupling and / or during a targeted heating process of the working medium.

In order to accelerate the heating of the working medium, at least one heating element for heating the working medium can be provided in the working space and / or in a working medium-carrying auxiliary space within a housing of the hydrodynamic coupling, which may be the secondary space to which the dynamic pressure pump is connected according to an embodiment his. Again, an electric heating element, for example in the form of a heating cartridge, possible.

If a heating element is provided in the working space and / or secondary space or in the external working medium circuit, this can be used in particular to heat the working fluid to a minimum temperature, for example between 0 ° and 5 ° C., before starting the hydrodynamic coupling. The following heating then takes place, as stated, by driving at least the impeller of the hydrodynamic coupling and passing the working medium through the bypass until a second predetermined temperature of the working medium and / or the working medium cooler is achieved.

For example, the working medium at a so-called cold start a temperature of less than 0 ° C, in particular between -1 ° C and -50 ° C. After heating the working medium, in particular located in the working space and / or adjunct working medium to the predetermined first temperature, for example between 0 ° and 5 ° C, with the hydrodynamic coupling and / or the dynamic pressure pump, a working medium flow, for example, generated with a maximum of 6 bar be passed through the working medium cooler, more precisely through the bypass. For example, in this case a working medium flow of 90 liters per minute or more can be achieved. Only at the end of the heating process can then be achieved a working fluid circulation amount, which is a multiple thereof, for example, between 284 liters per minute and 300 liters per minute.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a pressure limiting valve is provided in the external working medium circuit in order to protect the working medium cooler, the bypass valve and / or the dynamic pressure pump from overpressure.

A part of the working medium cooler is preferably flowed through even when the bypass is open in order to heat the radiator as quickly as possible. For example, this is a lower part of the working medium cooler, in particular in the form of the working medium distributor.

The bypass valve can be switched, for example, at a working medium temperature between 20 ° and 40 ° C, in particular at 30 ° C, to prevent the flow through the bypass with working fluid, at least substantially. This ensures that at high ambient temperatures no switching time of the bypass valve impairs the cooling capability of the working medium cooler. On the other hand should be made possible by this scheduled switching temperature that the bypass is not closed too early and thereby builds up a pressure in the working medium cooler undesirable.

If a system shutdown due to an excess temperature occurs during a startup process for lack of sufficient cooling of the working medium in the working medium cooler, so a standstill cooling can be performed until the working medium temperature has reached a permissible lower value again. In this case, the cooler can preferably be flowed through with hot working medium. It can be assumed that subsequently the heating section of the working medium cooler is sufficiently free for a second starting operation.

If a working medium tank is provided, it can be made comparatively small according to the invention. The necessary external heating power for starting is minimal. The starting process or the starting of the hydrodynamic coupling can be done relatively faster, a complex control can be dispensed with and the external circuit or the working medium cooler are heated faster.

A pump or compressor station according to the invention for conveying a stream of water, oil or gas has a drive machine and a working machine driven by it and a hydrodynamic coupling in the drive power flow from the drive machine to the work machine. In a belt conveyor or crusher according to the invention, the hydrodynamic coupling is arranged in the drive power flow from a drive machine to a drive device. The drive device is, for example, the conveyor drive of the belt conveyor, such as gear or pulley, or a power input in a transmission for a crusher or other work machine, wherein alternatively the hydrodynamic coupling can also be provided in the transmission for a crusher or other work machine.

The invention will be described by way of example with reference to exemplary embodiments and the figures.

• 1 eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen hydrodynamischen Kupplung, beispielsweise in einer Pump- oder Kompressorstation;
• 2 eine Prinzipskizze für die Anordnung eines Bypasses im oder am Arbeitsmediumkühler bei geöffnetem Bypass;
• 3 die Anordnung gemäß der 2 mit geschlossenem Bypass;
• 4 eine weitere Variante bei geöffnetem Bypass;
• 5 die Variante aus der 4 bei geschlossenem Bypass;
• 6 eine weitere Variante bei geöffnetem Bypass;
• 7 die Variante aus der 6 bei geschlossenem Bypass;
• 8 eine weitere Variante mit geöffnetem Bypass;
• 9 die Variante aus der 8 mit geschlossenem Bypass.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic diagram of a hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention, for example in a pump or compressor station;
• 2 a schematic diagram for the arrangement of a bypass in or on the working medium cooler with open bypass;
• 3 the arrangement according to the 2 with closed bypass;
• 4 another variant with open bypass;
• 5 the variant from the 4 with closed bypass;
• 6 another variant with open bypass;
• 7 the variant from the 6 with closed bypass;
• 8th another variant with open bypass;
• 9 the variant from the 8th with closed bypass.

In the 1 is a possible application of a hydrodynamic coupling according to the invention 1 in the drive power flow between a prime mover 23 and a work machine 24 shown. The work machine may be, for example, a belt conveyor, crusher, pump, compressor or fan, the application may be provided for example in a material flow system, a mineral processing plant, a cement plant or in a pump or compressor station.

The hydrodynamic coupling 1 has an impeller 2 and a turbine wheel 3 up, the work space together 4 form. In one at the workroom 4 at least indirectly connected external working medium circuit 5 are a working medium cooler 8th and in particular a working medium tank 19 intended.

In the embodiment shown, the hydrodynamic coupling 1 within the housing 22 an adjoining room 21 with a dynamic pressure pump 20 on. The degree of filling of the next room 21 with working medium and the degree of filling of the working space 4 with working medium correlate with each other, so by emptying the adjoining room 21 from working medium also the working space 4 is emptied. This can be done via the dynamic pressure pump 20 the degree of filling of the working space 4 to adjust.

The external working medium circuit 5 is via a working medium inlet 6 and via a working medium outlet 7 at the workroom 4 connected. Here is the Arbeitsmediumauslass 7 in the direction of flow of the working space behind the adjoining room 21 intended.

The working medium cooler 8th has a radiator inlet 9 and a radiator outlet 10 for the working medium. Furthermore, in the working medium cooler 8th a heat dissipation section 11 , Here with a variety of parallel through which the working fluid can flow through the working medium channels 16 , provided by a working medium distributor 14 branch off and into a working medium collector 15 open out. Every working medium channel 16 has a smaller flow area than the working medium distributor 14 and the working media collector 15 on. According to the invention, a bypass 12 to the heat dissipation section 11 of the working medium cooler 8th intended. This one branches here in a front or at the radiator inlet 9 arranged bypass valve 13 and discharges into a conduit or valve means behind or at the radiator outlet 10 on.

With the bypass valve 13 For example, the working medium flow can be switched over, either between a flow direction to the radiator inlet 9 or to the working medium distributor 14 and / or Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt 11 on the one hand or in the bypass 12 on the other hand. Also it is possible to use the bypass valve 13 to make such that on the one hand the bypass 12 is opened for the working medium flow, so that the working medium in the direction of Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt 11 and in the bypass 12 can flow, and on the other hand, the bypass 12 is closed.

In the embodiment shown, the bypass runs 12 outside the working medium cooler 8th or on the outside of the working medium cooler 8th , In principle, however, this could also be within a housing of the working medium cooler 8th be provided.

For example, in the working medium cooler 8th a temperature sensor 17 provided for switching the bypass valve 13 is used. Alternatively, the bypass valve 13 be designed as a thermostatic valve. In the embodiment shown, however, is a control device 18 provided that the readings of the temperature sensor 17 processed and the bypass valve 13 accordingly switches depending on the acquired measured values. According to a further alternative, the bypass valve 13 be designed as a check valve, which is in the direction of the bypass 12 opens when the working fluid pressure before the bypass 12 or in the working medium distributor 14 is comparatively large, because namely the flow resistance of the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitts 11 is large, and which closes when the working medium pressure is correspondingly lower.

In the 2 is schematically a working medium cooler 8th with a bypass 12 shown branching from the working medium distributor and in the working medium collector 15 opens, here on the side of the radiator outlet 10 in the working medium collector 15 , In the 2 is the flow through the bypass 12 shown in the 3 the flow through the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitts 11 when the bypass is closed. In the 3 is also a possible position for the temperature sensor 17 shown.

In the design according to the 4 and 5 is the bypass 12 again externally on the working medium cooler 8th guided. It is at the working medium distributor 14 an additional outlet 25 provided, from which the bypass 12 branches. The bypass 12 can then in the range of Arbeitsmediumauslasses 10 open out. The 4 shows the flow conditions with open bypass 12 , the 5 when the bypass is closed 12 ,

In the designs according to the 2 . 3 . 4 and 5 becomes the working medium distributor 14 also with open bypass 12 flows through, so that the working medium cooler 8th and thus also the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt 11 it is warmed up quickly, so that possibly existing solidified working fluid in the heat dissipation section 11 is liquefied.

In the variant according to the 6 and 7 is the working medium collector 15 with an additional entrance 26 provided for the working medium, in which the bypass 12 opens. This will be when the bypass is open 12 the working medium distributor 14 and the working media collector 15 each substantially completely flows through the working fluid, resulting in a faster heating of the working medium cooler 8th or the heat dissipation section 11 leads.

In the variant according to the 8th and 9 are two bypasses 12 provided, which the working medium distributor 14 and the working media collector 15 with opened bypass valve 13 connect working medium conductive parallel to each other. Of course, such bypasses could also externally on the working medium cooler 8th be connected, in contrast to the internal guidance shown here.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hydrodynamic coupling

2

impeller

3

turbine

4

working space

5

Working medium circuit

6

Working fluid inlet

7

working medium

8th

Working medium cooler

9

cooler inlet

10

Radiator outlet

11

Heat dissipation section

12

bypass

13

bypass valve

14

Working fluid distributor

15

Working fluid collector

16

Working medium channels

17

temperature sensor

18

control device

19

Working medium tank

20

Dynamic pressure pump

21

Outbuildings

22

casing

23

prime mover

24

working machine

25

additional outlet

26

additional inlet

Claims (16)

Hydrodynamic coupling (1) with a bladed impeller (2) and a bladed turbine wheel (3), which together form a working space (4) which can be filled with a working medium in order to hydrodynamically transmit drive power from the impeller (2) to the turbine wheel (3); with an external working medium circuit (5) which is connected to a working medium inlet (6) and a working medium outlet (7) of the working space (4) and in which a working medium cooler (8) is provided for cooling the working medium, wherein the working medium cooler (8) Cooler inlet (9) for the working medium to be cooled and a cooler outlet (10) for the working medium in the cooler (8) cooled working medium, further comprises a Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt (11) which connects the cooler inlet (9) Arbeitsmediumleitend with the radiator outlet (10) and a heat dissipation surface along which the working medium flows from the radiator inlet (9) to the radiator outlet (10); characterized in that the working medium cooler (8) at least one bypass (12) for Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt (11) and at least one bypass valve (13) is provided, with which the bypass (12) is selectively releasable or shut off for flow through the working medium, wherein the bypass (12) is connected to the working medium cooler (8) and can be flowed through by the working medium, that heat of the working medium is transferred to the heat dissipation section (11) when the bypass (12) flows through the working medium. Hydrodynamic coupling (1), characterized in that the at least one bypass (12) is connected working medium conducting with the radiator inlet (9) and the radiator outlet (10). Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the at least one bypass (12) has a larger flow cross-section for the working medium than the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt (11) and / or the flow resistance of the at least one bypass (12) for the working medium is smaller than that of the Wärmeabfuhrabschnittes (11). Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , in that the working medium cooler (8) has a working medium distributor (14) provided downstream of the cooler inlet (9) and a working medium collector (15) arranged upstream of the cooler outlet (10) in the flow direction of the working medium, the heat removal section (11) a plurality of working medium channels (16), which are connected in terms of working medium flow parallel to each other on Arbeitsmediumverteiler (14) and the working medium collector (15) Arbeitsmediumleitend, and at least one bypass (12) branches off from the Arbeitsmediumverteiler (14) or a working medium supply connected thereto and into the working medium collector (15) or a connected thereto Arbeitsmediumabführung. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the working medium cooler (8) is designed as a liquid-air cooler with an air or gaseous cooling medium and the working medium is a liquid. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to the Claims 4 and 5 , characterized in that the Wärmeabfuhrabschnitt (11) and the working medium channels (16) are formed by a disk set. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the bypass valve (13) is designed as a check valve which opens at a comparatively larger working medium pressure upstream of the bypass (12) or in an inlet region of the bypass (12) and closes at a comparatively lower working medium pressure. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that a temperature sensor (17) for detecting the working medium temperature and / or the working medium chiller temperature is provided, and a control device (18) which is arranged, the at least one bypass valve (13) in dependence on the detected with the temperature sensor (17) Temperature to open or close. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the at least one bypass valve (13) is designed as a thermostatic valve which is adapted to open and close depending on the temperature of the working medium applied to it. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that in the external working medium circuit (5) a working medium tank (19) is provided. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that a dynamic pressure pump (20) is provided, which in such a way at the working space (4) and / or a working medium-carrying auxiliary space (21) within a housing (22) of the hydrodynamic coupling (1) is connected, that they working medium from the working space (4) and / or the adjacent room (21) in the external working medium circuit (5) promotes. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to the Claims 10 and 11 , characterized in that the external working medium circuit (5) is free of an additional pump. Hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that in the working space (4) and / or in a working medium-carrying auxiliary space (21) within a housing (22) of the hydrodynamic coupling (1) is provided at least one heating element for heating the working medium, and the working medium tank (19) in particular free from a heating element for heating the working medium. Pump or compressor station for conveying a water, oil or gas stream, with a drive machine (23) and driven by this working machine (24) and a hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13 in the drive power flow from the drive machine (23) to the work machine (24). Pump or compressor station according to Claim 14 , characterized in that the working machine (24) is a pump, a compressor or a fan, and the driving machine (23) is in particular an internal combustion engine or an electric motor. Belt conveyor or crusher with a drive machine (23) and a mechanical drive device driven by this and a hydrodynamic coupling (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13 in the drive power flow from the prime mover (23) to the drive device.

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