DE102018103595A1 - Device for generating compressed air - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device, in particular a compressor (12), for generating compressed air for a commercial vehicle. The device has an outlet valve (28), via which a compression chamber (24) and a compressed air outlet channel (22) can be connected to one another, and an additional valve (38) for a power saving mode of the device, via which the compression chamber (24) and the compressed air outlet channel (22 ) are connectable to. By means of the additional valve (38) the Druckluftauslasskanal (22) is at least partially usable as a connectable dead space (42) when the additional valve (38) is opened. Thus, the switchable dead space (42) for the energy-saving mode, in which the compressor or a drive of the compressor can be relieved, at least partially integrated into the Druckluftauslasskanal (22).

Description

The invention relates to a device, in particular a compressor, for generating compressed air for a commercial vehicle.

From the DE 10 2008 005 435 A1 For example, a compressor with an energy saving device is known. The compressor has a housing with a piston chamber and a separate dead space and a valve device with a shut-off body for separating the dead space of the piston chamber. The dead space is arranged separately from an air inlet channel and a compressed air outlet channel.

A disadvantage of the known prior art may be that the dead space can take up much space in the cylinder head and the volume of the dead space can not be optimally executed due to the limited space in the cylinder head of the compressor.

The invention is based on the object to provide an alternative and / or improved device for generating compressed air, which overcomes in particular at least some disadvantages in the prior art.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims and the description.

The invention provides a device, in particular a compressor (for example piston compressor), for generating compressed air (in particular) for a commercial vehicle (for example for compressed air brake system of the commercial vehicle). The device has a compression space (eg piston space) for compressing air to compressed air. The device has a compressed air outlet channel (eg in a cylinder head of the device) for discharging compressed air from the compression chamber. The device has an outlet valve, via which the compression chamber and the compressed air outlet channel can be connected to one another (for example, for outputting compressed air in an exhaust stroke). The device has an additional valve (in particular) for a power-saving mode (in particular for relieving a drive) of the device. The compression chamber and the compressed air outlet channel can be connected via the additional valve (eg in addition to the outlet valve). By means of the additional valve, the compressed air outlet channel can be used at least partially as a connectable dead space (eg switchable to the compression space) if the auxiliary valve is open.

The invention thus provides a device in which the switchable dead space for the energy-saving mode, in which the compressor or a drive of the compressor can be relieved, is not provided separately or individually. Instead, the dead space is at least partially integrated into the Druckluftauslasskanal. That is, the already existing volume of compressed air outlet channel can be used at least partially as the dead space. Thus, it is not necessary to provide additional space for providing the dead space. The space saved can be used to make the device smaller, for example, and / or to provide additional space for other elements (for example air inlet duct, inlet valve, additional valve, compressed air outlet duct, outlet valve, cooling device and / or cooling duct).

Suitably, the device may be a single-cylinder compressor.

In particular, the device may further comprise an air inlet channel and an inlet valve, via which the air inlet channel and the compression space can be connected to one another.

It is possible that the air intake passage, the intake valve, the compressed air outlet passage, the exhaust valve and / or the additional valve are arranged in a cylinder head of the apparatus.

In particular, the device may be drivingly connected to an internal combustion engine for driving the device.

In a preferred embodiment, in the energy-saving mode, air is compressed into the switchable dead space by the opened additional valve. For example, air can be compressed in a piston movement of a piston of the device from a bottom dead center to a top dead center of the compression chamber through the open additional valve in the switchable dead space. The existing in the dead space compressed air is expedient for a subsequent re-expansion in the compression space available.

In a further preferred embodiment, in the energy-saving mode, compressed air is back-expanded from the switchable dead space through the opened additional valve into the compression space, in particular for driving a piston of the device. For example, compressed air in a piston movement of a piston of the device from a top dead center to a bottom dead center from the switchable dead space through the open additional valve in the compression space can be re-expanded. The back-expanding gas can drive the piston and thereby reduce energy required to drive the device in the energy-saving mode, in which no (additional) compressed air from the device is needed.

In another embodiment, the switchable dead space is at least partially disposed outside of a cylinder head of the device. Alternatively or additionally, the switchable dead space is at least partially disposed within a cylinder head of the device. Thus, a volume of the switchable dead space can be adjusted as desired, for example, by extension of the dead space into compressed air supply components downstream of the device, in particular of the compressor, into it.

In a further embodiment, the additional valve is in the energy saving mode, in particular continuously, (substantially) open. Alternatively or additionally, the additional valve is in a normal compression operation of the device, in particular continuously, (substantially) closed. This allows air to flow through the auxiliary valve only in energy-saving mode. The normal compression operation can be used in particular for providing compressed air through the device, in particular when compressed air is required by the device, for example for filling a compressed air reservoir.

In particular, the additional valve may be normally closed.

It is for example possible that the additional valve has a return spring, which biases a shut-off of the additional valve in the direction of a closed position or acted upon.

In one embodiment, the exhaust valve is in the energy saving mode, in particular continuously, (substantially) closed and / or the exhaust valve is in a normal compression operation of the device, in the exhaust stroke (substantially) open. Thus, no air can flow through the outlet valve in energy-saving mode.

In a further embodiment, the exhaust valve opens automatically due to a pressure difference between the compression chamber and the Druckluftauslasskanal. In particular, the exhaust valve can open automatically in the exhaust or compression stroke and / or close automatically in the intake or intake stroke. Alternatively or additionally, the outlet valve is designed as a lamellar valve (for example with a movable lamella). For example, the movable lamella can open in the direction of the compressed air outlet channel and / or in particular be attached on one side to a cylinder head of the device.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a, in particular pneumatically actuated, shut-off valve, which can preferably be arranged in the compressed air outlet channel and / or downstream of the compressed air outlet channel. It is possible, for example, that a volume of the switchable dead space can be predetermined or limited by means of the shut-off valve.

In a further development, the shut-off valve is closed in the energy-saving mode of the device, in particular continuously. Alternatively or additionally, the shut-off valve is open in a normal compression operation of the device, in particular continuously.

In particular, the check valve, for example pneumatically, be switchable between an open position and a closed position.

In a preferred embodiment, the shut-off valve limits the switchable dead space in a closed position, in particular downstream. In other words, the switchable dead space can only exist when the shut-off valve is in the closed position.

In particular, the additional valve can limit the switchable dead space on the upstream side.

Suitably, the additional valve can represent a transition between the compression chamber and switchable dead space.

In one exemplary embodiment, the shut-off valve is positioned such that there is a volume (for example optimized) required for executing the energy-saving mode for the switchable dead space, in particular as a function of a volume of the compression space and / or a compression ratio of the device. Thus, a size of the volume of the switchable dead space can be set as desired. In particular, the size of the volume of the switchable dead space is not limited by the space in the cylinder head. Thus, the dead space can be provided, for example, larger than usual.

In a further embodiment, the additional valve is formed separately from the outlet valve or as an integrated valve unit together with the outlet valve. Thus, the valves can for example be adapted to the available space. Alternatively or additionally, the outlet valve and the additional valve to separate shut-off.

In one embodiment, an actuation of the additional valve and / or of the shut-off valve is controlled by a, in particular electronic, compressed-air processing device, in particular pneumatically. This can advantageously be achieved that there (namely in the Compressed air treatment device), where it is detected or detected that currently no compressed air is required by the device, as it is controlled that the device is to be operated in energy-saving mode, by opening the additional valve.

In a further embodiment, the additional valve and the shut-off valve are controlled via the same pneumatic control pressure line and / or the same control pressure connection of a, in particular electronic, compressed air preparation device. Thus, the additional valve and the shut-off valve can be suitably switched simultaneously (eg open or closed). For this purpose, only a single control output must be set accordingly. In addition, a design-technical and control-technical effort to control the additional valve and the shut-off valve can be reduced.

In a further embodiment, the additional valve, in particular pneumatically, electrically or electromagnetically, between an open position and a closed position, switchable. For example, the additional valve may be a pneumatic valve or a solenoid valve.

The invention is also directed to a device, in particular a compressed air conveyor system, for generating compressed air for a commercial vehicle (in particular for a compressed air brake system). The device comprises a device for generating compressed air, in particular a compressor, as disclosed herein. The device has a connecting line, in particular a cooling coil for cooling the compressed air, which is arranged (for example directly or indirectly) downstream of the compressed air outlet channel. Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus includes an air dryer disposed downstream of the compressed air outlet passage (eg, downstream of the connection line). The check valve may be disposed in the compressed air outlet passage, downstream of the compressed air outlet passage, upstream of the connection passage, in the connection passage, downstream of the connection passage, upstream of the air dryer, in the air dryer or downstream of the air dryer.

It is also possible for the shut-off valve to be arranged in an, in particular electronic, compressed-air processing device with an air dryer.

For example, the connecting line may be provided outside of the cylinder head and / or be connected directly to the arranged in the cylinder head Druckluftauslasskanal.

For example, if the shut-off valve is located upstream of the air dryer located downstream of the connection line, in particular directly connected to the connection line, a conventional air dryer may be used, for example.

In particular, the connecting line may extend straight or be provided in the form of a cooling coil with, for example, winding course.

Suitably, the air dryer can be arranged in the electronic compressed air processing device.

The invention is also directed to a motor vehicle, in particular a utility vehicle (eg, lorry or bus), with a device as disclosed herein or a device as disclosed herein.

It is also possible to use the device as disclosed herein or to use the device as disclosed herein for example in other motor vehicles or equipment (stationary or mobile), etc.

• 1 eine Schemadarstellung einer Druckluftförderanlage gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform in einem Normalbetriebsmodus;
• 2 eine Schemadarstellung der beispielhaften Druckluftförderanlage in einem Energiesparmodus; und
• 3 eine Schemadarstellung einer Druckluftförderanlage gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform in einem Energiesparmodus.

The preferred embodiments and features of the invention described above can be combined with one another as desired. Further details and advantages of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a compressed air conveyor system according to a first embodiment in a normal operating mode;
• 2 a schematic representation of the exemplary compressed air conveyor system in a power saving mode; and
• 3 a schematic representation of a compressed air conveyor system according to a second embodiment in a power saving mode.

The embodiments shown in the figures are at least partially identical, so that similar or identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals and to the explanation of which reference is also made to the description of the other embodiments or figures in order to avoid repetition.

In 1 is a compressed air conveyor system 10 shown in sections. The compressed air conveyor system 10 can be included in a motor vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle (for example, trucks or buses). In particular, the compressed air delivery system 10 Be part of a compressed air brake system of a commercial vehicle.

The compressed air conveyor system 10 has a compressor 12 on. The compressor (also called air compressor) 12 is used to compress hot air to compressed air. As shown, the compressor can 12 for example as a reciprocating compressor with a reciprocating piston 14 be educated. The piston 14 For example, a drive connection (not shown), for example comprising a crankshaft and / or a gear drive, can be driven by an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle, in particular coupled to its rotational speed.

The compressor 12 has a cylinder head 16 and a cylinder 18 on. The cylinder head 16 covers the cylinder 18 , In the cylinder 18 is the piston 14 guided. In the cylinder head 16 are an air inlet duct 20 and a Druckluftauslasskanal 22 intended. The cylinder head 16 , the cylinder 18 and the piston 14 limit a compression space 24 , In the compression room 24 Air is compressed to compressed air when the driven piston 14 from a bottom dead center to a top dead center of a piston movement of the piston 14 is moved. In addition, in the cylinder head 16 For example, a cooling device and / or a cooling channel (both not shown) for cooling the compressor 12 be provided.

The compressor 12 has an inlet valve 26 (in a closed position in the 1 to 3 shown). The inlet valve 26 can automatically with a sufficiently large (negative) pressure difference between the air inlet duct 20 and the compression room 24 to open. For example, the inlet valve 26 be a flap valve. The slat of the inlet valve 26 can be in or on the cylinder head 16 , in particular one-sided, be attached. The slat of the inlet valve 26 can move in one direction to the compression space 24 open when a pressure in the compression space 24 smaller than in the air intake duct 20 , In an open position, the inlet valve connects 26 the air inlet duct 20 and the compression room 24 together. In a closed position, the inlet valve separates or isolates 26 the air inlet duct 20 and the compression room 24 from each other.

The compressor 12 has an outlet valve 28 (in a closed position in the 1 to 3 shown). The outlet valve 28 can essentially be like the inlet valve 26 be educated. The outlet valve 28 can automatically with a sufficiently large (positive) pressure difference between the compression chamber 24 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 to open. Like the inlet valve 26 , can also be the exhaust valve 28 be a flap valve. The lamella of the exhaust valve 28 can be in or on the cylinder head 16 , in particular one-sided, be attached. The lamella of the exhaust valve 28 may be in a direction to the Druckluftauslasskanal 22 open when a pressure in the compression space 24 is greater than in the Druckluftauslasskanal 22 , In an open position, the air outlet valve connects 28 the compression space 24 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 together. In a closed position of the exhaust valve 28 Can not get air through the exhaust valve 28 between the compression space 24 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 stream.

In a normal operating mode, air may be released from the environment via the air intake duct 20 and the open inlet valve 24 in the compression room 24 be sucked (arrow A - intake stroke or intake stroke). The piston 14 moves from a top dead center of a piston movement of the piston 14 to a bottom dead center of the piston movement. The outlet valve 28 stays closed.

In the normal operating mode, compressed air may escape from the compression chamber 24 over the opened outlet valve 28 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 the compressor 12 leave (arrow B - outlet stroke or compression stroke). The piston 14 moves from bottom dead center to top dead center. The inlet valve 24 stays closed.

The compressed air from the compressor 12 is via a connection line 30 to a compressed air treatment device 32 fed.

The connection line 30 can directly to an outlet of the compressed air outlet channel 22 be connected. The connection line 30 can be designed as a straight or curved piece of pipe. It is also possible that the connecting line 30 is designed as a so-called cooling coil. The cooling coil can allow by their example winding shape cooling of the compressed air due to the large surface area.

The compressed air preparation device 32 may in particular be designed as an electronic (or electronically controlled) compressed air treatment device. In the compressed air preparation device 32 Can the from the compressor 12 provided compressed air for subsequent use (for example, distributed, collected, dried and / or cooled, etc.). In the compressed air preparation device 32 can be an air dryer 34 be included for drying compressed air. Furthermore, a shut-off valve 36 upstream or downstream of the air dryer 34 be provided. The compressed air preparation device 32 may further comprise one or more sensors (in particular compressed air sensors), switching valves, compressed air reservoirs (not shown), etc. Examples of compressed air treatment equipment used as the compressed air treatment device 32 can be used, for example, in the EP 3 128 186 A1 and the EP 2 933 503 A1 disclosed.

The compressor 12 can also be operated in a power saving mode. In energy-saving mode, the mechanical drive of the compressor 12 considerably relieved. In energy-saving mode, no compressed air from the compressed air conveyor system 10 needed. Accordingly, in the energy saving mode, the compressor 12 no compressed air available for further use.

To run the energy-saving mode, the compressor instructs 12 an additional valve 38 for a switchable dead space 42 on. The additional valve 38 can in the cylinder head 16 be arranged. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional valve 38 designed as a switching valve. The additional valve 38 is switchable between an open position and a closed position. The additional valve 38 in particular pneumatically via a control pressure line 40 from the compressed air preparation 32 be controlled or operated. In the open position connects the additional valve 38 the compression space 24 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 , In a closed position of the additional valve 38 Can not release air through the additional valve 38 between the compression space 24 and the compressed air outlet duct 22 stream.

The additional valve 38 can be closed normally. For example, the additional valve 38 having a return spring which is a shut-off of the additional valve 38 biased toward the closed position.

It is possible that the additional valve 38 separate to the exhaust valve 28 is provided. However, it is also possible that the exhaust valve 28 and the additional valve 38 combined in an integrated valve device.

The power saving mode is exemplified below with reference to FIG 2 described. The energy saving mode can be performed as follows. In the compressed air preparation device 32 is detected that a cut-off pressure of the compressed air conveyor 10 reached or exceeded. The compressed air preparation device 32 can close a compressed air outlet continuously or close whenever a regeneration (drying) of compressed air by the air dryer 34 is done. The compressed air treatment device closes the shut-off valve 36 , The compressed air preparation device 32 also activates the additional valve 38 For example, pneumatically via the control pressure line 40 , The additional valve 38 opens.

Through the opening of the additional valve 38 becomes the switchable dead space 42 enabled or switched on. The switchable dead space 42 extends from the additional valve 38 through the compressed air outlet duct 22 , the connection line 30 up to the shut-off valve 36 , That is, according to the present disclosure, the switchable dead space is 42 not provided separately, but in the compressed air tract downstream of the additional valve 38 and the exhaust valve 28 integrated.

In energy-saving mode, during a first intake phase, during which the piston 14 moved from top dead center to bottom dead center, air through the air inlet valve 26 in the compression room 24 sucked. During this phase, the air outlet valve remains 28 closed.

Following this first suction phase, the piston moves 14 again from bottom dead center to top dead center. The air inlet valve 26 closes because of the lack of negative pressure in the compression chamber. The air outlet valve expediently opens 28 due to the low pressure in the compression space 24 Not. Through the opened additional valve 38 Air is in the switchable dead space 42 into compacted. In other words, the compressor 12 breathes air into the dead space during this phase 42 , The air gets into the dead space 42 into compressed.

At the next (and expedient any further) suction phase of the compressor 12 the piston moves 14 again from top dead center to bottom dead center. The air inlet valve 26 and the air outlet valve 28 stay closed. During the further intake phase is in the dead space 42 compressed air back into the compression chamber 24 through the opened additional valve 38 expanded.

In energy-saving mode, it is possible to cycle through the opened additional valve 38 each in the connected dead space 42 condensed and subsequently from the connected dead space 42 in the compression room 24 be back-expanded (see arrow C ). This will make the compressor 12 or a drive of the compressor 12 relieved.

A volume of the switchable dead space 42 on the one hand by the additional valve 38 and on the other hand through the shut-off valve 36 limited. This can be achieved by suitable positioning of the shut-off valve 36 the volume of the switchable dead space 42 be set as desired.

In 3 another embodiment is shown in which the shut-off valve 36 in the connection line 30 arranged or integrated. The shut-off valve 36 can be electronically from the compressed air processing device 32 be monitored as with the dashed line in 3 is specified.

For example, it is also possible that the shut-off valve 36 in or on the Druckluftauslasskanal 22 in or on the cylinder head 16 is arranged (not shown).

The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, a variety of variants and modifications is possible, which also make use of the inventive idea and therefore fall within the scope. In particular, the invention also claims protection of the subject matter and the features of the subclaims independently of the claims referred to. In particular, the features of independent claim 1 are independently disclosed. In addition, the features of the dependent claims are also disclosed independently of all the features of independent claim 1 and, for example, independently of the features relating to a presence and / or a configuration of the compression chamber, the compressed air outlet channel, the outlet valve and / or the auxiliary valve of independent claim 1.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Pneumatic conveying system

12

compressor

14

piston

16

cylinder head

18

cylinder

20

Air inlet duct

22

Druckluftauslasskanal

24

compression chamber

26

intake valve

28

outlet valve

30

connecting line

32

Compressed air control device

34

air dryer

36

shut-off valve

38

additional valve

40

Control pressure line

42

Connectable dead space

A

Air intake

B

Compressed air output

C

Incompression and re-expansion

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008005435 A1
• EP 3128186 A1 [0050]
• EP 2933503 A1 [0050]

Claims (15)

Device, in particular compressor (12), for generating compressed air for a utility vehicle, comprising: a compression space (24) for compressing air to compressed air; a Druckluftauslasskanal (22) for discharging compressed air from the compression space (24); an outlet valve (28) via which the compression chamber (24) and the Druckluftauslasskanal (22) are connectable to each other; and an additional valve (38) for an energy saving mode of the device, via which the compression chamber (24) and the Druckluftauslasskanal (22) are connectable, by means of the additional valve (38) of the Druckluftauslasskanal (22) at least partially usable as a connectable dead space (42) when the auxiliary valve (38) is open. Device after Claim 1 , wherein: in the energy-saving mode, air is compressed into the switchable dead space (42) through the opened additional valve (38). Device after Claim 1 or Claim 2 , In the energy-saving mode compressed air from the switchable dead space (42) by the opened additional valve (38) in the compression space (24) is back-expanded, in particular for driving a piston (14) of the device. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the switchable dead space (42) is arranged at least partially outside of a cylinder head (16) of the device; and or the switchable dead space (42) is at least partially disposed within a cylinder head (16) of the device. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the auxiliary valve (38) in the energy saving mode, in particular continuously, is open; and or the additional valve (38) is closed in a normal compression operation of the device, in particular continuously. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the exhaust valve (28) is closed in the power-saving mode, in particular continuously; and or the exhaust valve (28) is open in the exhaust stroke in a normal compression operation of the device; and or the exhaust valve (28) opens automatically due to a pressure difference between the compression space (24) and the compressed air outlet passage (22); and or the outlet valve (28) is designed as a lamella valve. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a, in particular pneumatically actuated, shut-off valve (36) which is arranged in the Druckluftauslasskanal (22) or downstream of the Druckluftauslasskanals (22). Device after Claim 7 wherein: the shut-off valve (36) is closed in the power-saving mode of the device, in particular continuously; and / or the shut-off valve (36) is open in a normal compression operation of the device, in particular continuously. Device after Claim 7 or Claim 8 in which: the shut-off valve (36) limits the switchable dead space (42), in particular downstream, in a closed position. Device according to one of Claims 7 to 9 in that: the shut-off valve (36) is positioned so that there is a volume required for executing the energy-saving mode for the switchable dead space (42), in particular as a function of a volume of the compression space (24) and / or a compression ratio of the device. Device according to one of Claims 7 to 10 wherein: the auxiliary valve (38) is formed separately from the outlet valve (28) or as an integral valve unit together with the outlet valve (28); and / or the outlet valve (28) and the additional valve (38) have separate shut-off. Device according to one of Claims 7 to 11 in which: an actuation of the additional valve (38) and / or of the shut-off valve (36) is controlled by a, in particular electronic, compressed-air processing device (32), in particular pneumatically; and / or the additional valve (38) and the shut-off valve (36) via the same pneumatic control pressure line (40) and / or the same control pressure connection of a, in particular electronic, compressed air processing device (32) are controlled. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the additional valve (38), in particular pneumatically, electrically or electromagnetically, between a Open position and a closed position, is switchable. Device, in particular compressed air conveying system (10), for generating compressed air for a commercial vehicle, comprising: the device according to one of the preceding claims; and a connection line (30), in particular a cooling coil for cooling the compressed air, which is arranged downstream of the Druckluftauslasskanal (22); and or an air dryer (34) disposed downstream of the compressed air outlet passage (22), the shut-off valve (36) being located in the compressed air outlet passage (22) downstream of the compressed air outlet passage (22) upstream of the connection line (30) in the connection line (30) downstream of the connection line (30) upstream of the air dryer (34 ) is disposed in the air dryer (34) or downstream of the air dryer (34). Motor vehicle, in particular commercial vehicle, with a device according to one of Claims 1 to 13 or a facility Claim 14 ,

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