DE102018004599A1 - Polyolefin-free coating for Vakuumdämmkörper - Google Patents

Polyolefin-free coating for Vakuumdämmkörper Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102018004599A1
DE102018004599A1 DE102018004599.5A DE102018004599A DE102018004599A1 DE 102018004599 A1 DE102018004599 A1 DE 102018004599A1 DE 102018004599 A DE102018004599 A DE 102018004599A DE 102018004599 A1 DE102018004599 A1 DE 102018004599A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
polyester
insulation panel
vacuum insulation
sealing
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE102018004599.5A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr. Caps Roland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Va Q Tec AG
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Va Q Tec AG
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Publication date
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Priority to DE102018004599.5A priority Critical patent/DE102018004599A1/en
Publication of DE102018004599A1 publication Critical patent/DE102018004599A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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    • B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/30—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/10—Bandages or covers for the protection of the insulation, e.g. against the influence of the environment or against mechanical damage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Vakuumdämmplatte mit einer vakuumdichten, mit einem offenporigen, druckbelastbaren Kern befüllten Umhüllung aus einer oder mehreren Hochbarrierefolien, deren Siegelseiten polyolefinfrei sind, wobei beide Oberflächen der Siegelseiten aus Polyethylenterephthalat (Polyester) bestehen.The invention is directed to a vacuum insulation panel with a vacuum-tight, filled with an open-pore, compressive core envelope of one or more high-barrier films, the sealing sides are polyolefin-free, both surfaces of the sealed pages made of polyethylene terephthalate (polyester).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vakuumdämmplatte mit einer vakuumdichten, mit einem offenporigen, druckbelastbaren Kern befüllten Umhüllung aus einer oder mehreren Hochbarrierefolien, deren Siegelseiten polyolefinfrei sind.The invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel with a vacuum-tight, filled with an open-pore, pressure-resistant core sheath of one or more high-barrier films whose sealing sides are polyolefin-free.

Vakuumdämmplatten erreichen durch Evakuierung eines offenporigen, druckbelastbaren Kernmaterials eine sehr niedrige Wärmeleitfähigkeit, da durch die Evakuierung die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Luft ausgeschaltet werden kann. Solche Vakuumdämmplatten sind üblicherweise mit einer Hochbarreriefolie vakuumdicht umhüllt. Unterschiedliche Füllmaterialen auf der Basis von Kieselsäurepulvern, Perlitpulvern, organischen Schäumen und Glasfasermaterialien stehen zur Verfügung. Die geringsten Wärmeleitfähigkeiten unter ausreichend gutem Vakuum erreichen dabei Glasfasermaterialien mit 1,5 bis 2 mW/mK nach der Herstellung, Kieselsäurematerialien erreichen 3 bis 5 mW/mK und Polyurethankerne etwa 8 mW/mK. Je nach der Größe der Poren der Füllmaterialien müssen unterschiedlich niedrige Gasdrücke in den Kernen bei der Herstellung erreicht und im Anwendungszeitraum auch auf dem niedrigen Niveau gehalten werden. Bei Glasfasern und offenporigen PU-Schäumen sind Gasdrücke um 0,01 bis 0,1 mbar notwendig, um die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Restgases im Wesentlichen unterbinden zu können. Andere, mikroporöse Füllmaterialien wie pyrogene Kieselsäuren oder Aerogele können wegen ihrer Porenstruktur von weniger als 1 µm auch bei Gasdrücken zwischen 1 und 10 mbar betrieben werden, ohne dass sich die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Restgases bemerkbar macht.Vacuum insulation panels achieve a very low thermal conductivity by evacuating an open-pore, pressure-resistant core material, since the heat conductivity of the air can be eliminated by the evacuation. Such vacuum insulation panels are usually wrapped with a high-barrier film vacuum-tight. Different filling materials based on silica powders, perlite powders, organic foams and glass fiber materials are available. The lowest thermal conductivities under sufficiently good vacuum reach glass fiber materials with 1.5 to 2 mW / mK after production, silicic acid materials reach 3 to 5 mW / mK and polyurethane cores about 8 mW / mK. Depending on the size of the pores of the filling materials different low gas pressures must be achieved in the cores during manufacture and maintained at the low level during the period of application. In the case of glass fibers and open-pored PU foams, gas pressures of around 0.01 to 0.1 mbar are necessary in order to be able to essentially prevent the thermal conductivity of the residual gas. Other, microporous filling materials such as fumed silicas or aerogels can be operated because of their pore structure of less than 1 micron even at gas pressures between 1 and 10 mbar, without the heat conductivity of the residual gas is noticeable.

Der Anstieg des Gasdrucks im Kern während der Nutzungsdauer hängt von der Barriereeigenschaft der Umhüllungsfolie gegenüber Luft und Wasserdampf, dem Umgebungsklima im Anwendungszeitraum und der Dicke des Paneels ab. In einem Vakuumisolationspaneel mit einem 20 mm starken Glasfaserkern darf der Gasdruck typischerweise um nicht mehr als 0,05 mbar pro Jahr bei einer vorgesehenen Nutzungsdauer von 10 Jahren zunehmen, um einen Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von einem Anfangswert von 2 mW/mK auf unter 5 mW/mK zu begrenzen. Dies entspricht einem Durchgang einer Luftmenge von 1 mbar liter pro m2 Paneelfläche und pro Jahr. Typische Hochbarrierefolien erreichen 6 bis 50 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr) bei Raumtemperatur, an speziellen Hochbarrierefolien konnten Durchgangswerte von 2 bis 5 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr) gemessen werden. Die Messung erfolgt dabei dadurch, dass z.B. an einem relativ dünnen Testpaneel mit gröberen Fasern der Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit über einen längeren Zeitraum gemessen wird. Dabei wird der Einfluss von Feuchtigkeit durch Zugabe eines Trockenmittels unterbunden. Ein Ausschluss des Anstiegs der Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufgrund von Ausgasungen kann dadurch getroffen werden, dass nur ein linearer Anstieg ausgewertet wird. In einer separaten Messung wird vorher die Abhängigkeit der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Testkernmaterials vom Gas- bzw. Luftdruck im Kern bestimmt. Nimmt in der separaten Messung in dem Faserkern bei einem Anstieg des Luftdrucks um 0,1 mbar die Wärmeleitfähigkeit um 1 mW/mK zu, kann daraus umgekehrt aus einem linearen, zeitlichen Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 1 mW/mK pro Jahr im Testpaneel auf eine zeitliche Änderung des Luftdrucks um 0,1 mbar pro Jahr geschlossen werden. Multipliziert mit der Dicke des Testpaneels, z.B. 10 mm, ergibt sich daraus ein Luftdurchgangswert der Umhüllungsfolie von z.B. 1 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr). Dieser sehr niedrige Wert lässt sich an einer Testprobe typischerweise innerhalb von weniger als einem Monat messen, wenn Änderungen der Wärmeleitfähigkeiten von weniger als 0,1 mW/mK in diesem Zeitraum sicher festgestellt werden können.The increase in gas pressure in the core during the service life depends on the barrier property of the cladding film to air and water vapor, the ambient climate over the period of use, and the thickness of the panel. In a vacuum insulation panel with a 20 mm thick fiberglass core, the gas pressure may typically increase by no more than 0.05 mbar per year for a useful life of 10 years, to increase the thermal conductivity from an initial value of 2 mW / mK to less than 5 mW / to limit mK. This corresponds to a passage of an air volume of 1 mbar liters per m 2 panel surface and per year. Typical high-barrier films reach 6 to 50 mbar liter / (m 2 year) at room temperature, on special high-barrier films throughput values of 2 to 5 mbar liter / (m 2 year) were measured. The measurement is carried out by measuring, for example, on a relatively thin test panel with coarser fibers, the increase in thermal conductivity over a longer period of time. The influence of moisture is prevented by adding a desiccant. An exclusion of the increase in the thermal conductivity due to outgassing can be made by only evaluating a linear increase. In a separate measurement, the dependence of the thermal conductivity of the test core material on the gas or air pressure in the core is determined beforehand. If, in the separate measurement in the fiber core, the thermal conductivity increases by 1 mW / mK with an increase in air pressure of 0.1 mbar, this can be reversed from a linear, temporal increase in thermal conductivity of 1 mW / mK per year in the test panel to a temporal Change in air pressure to be closed by 0.1 mbar per year. Multiplied by the thickness of the test panel, eg 10 mm, this results in an air passage value of the wrapping film of, for example, 1 mbar liter / (m 2 year). This very low value can typically be measured in less than a month on a test sample if changes in thermal conductivities of less than 0.1 mW / mK can be reliably detected during that period.

In der Praxis liegen die niedrigsten gemessen Werte der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Hochbarrierefolien nicht unter 2 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr). Eine Analyse des Luftdurchgangs durch die Oberfläche der Umhüllung zeigt, dass die Diffusion von Luft durch die Siegelnähte gegenüber der Diffusion durch die Folienfläche nicht vernachlässigt werden kann. Üblicherweise besteht die Hochbarrierefolie aus einer siegelfähigen Schicht aus Polyethylen mit einer Stärke von etwa 50 µm, die mit der eigentlichen Hochbarriereschicht aus mehreren, meist metallisierten Polyester- oder Polyvinylalkoholfolien laminiert ist. Polyethylen weist eine um mehrere Größenordnungen höhere Luftdurchlässigkeit auf als metallisierte Polyesterfolien. Auch gegenüber nichtmetallisiertem Polyester liegt die Luftdurchlässigkeit noch um einen Faktor 100 höher. Damit kann die Seitwärtspermation von Luft allein durch die Siegelschicht aus Polyethylen, umgerechnet auf die Fläche der Hochbarrierehülle, Werte zwischen 1 und 4 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr) erreichen. Der Wert hängt auch vom Verhältnis der Länge des Siegelrandes zu der Fläche des Vakuumpaneels ab.In practice, the lowest measured values of the air permeability of high barrier films are not below 2 mbar liters / (m 2 years). An analysis of the passage of air through the surface of the envelope shows that the diffusion of air through the seal seams can not be neglected compared to the diffusion through the film surface. Typically, the high barrier film consists of a sealable layer of polyethylene having a thickness of about 50 microns, which is laminated with the actual high barrier layer of several, usually metallized polyester or Polyvinylalkoholfolien. Polyethylene has air permeability several orders of magnitude higher than that of metallized polyester films. Even compared to non-metallized polyester, the air permeability is still a factor of 100 higher. Thus, the sideways permeation of air alone through the polyethylene sealing layer, converted to the area of the high barrier shell, can reach values between 1 and 4 mbar liter / (m 2 year). The value also depends on the ratio of the length of the sealing edge to the surface of the vacuum panel.

Will man Werte unter 1 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr) für die Gesamthülle einschließlich der Siegelnähte erreichen, so muss also neben einem möglichst geringen Wert des Flächendurchgangs von Luft durch die Folie auch auf eine Verringerung des Luftdurchgangs durch die Siegelnaht geachtet werden.If you want to achieve values below 1 mbar liter / (m 2 year) for the total envelope including the sealing seams, then in addition to the lowest possible value of the surface passage of air through the film on a reduction of the air passage through the sealed seam must be paid attention.

Versuche in dieser Richtung wurden schon durch Maßnahmen wie Verbreiterung der Siegelnaht und spezielle Formgebung der Siegelnaht z.B. durch Rillen unternommen, die lokal die Siegelnahtstärke reduzieren. Diese Maßnahmen erreichen allerdings nicht mehr als eine Verringerung der Seitwärtspermeation um einen Faktor 2 gegenüber dem üblichen Wert.Attempts in this direction have already been made by measures such as widening of the sealing seam and special shaping of the sealing seam, e.g. by grooves that locally reduce the seal strength. However, these measures do not accomplish anything more than a reduction of sideways permeation by a factor of 2 compared to the usual value.

Aus den Nachteilen des beschriebenen Standes der Technik resultiert das die Erfindung initiierende Problem, einen Aufbau der Hochbarrierefolie zu finden, der es erlaubt die Seitwärtspermeation mindestens um einen Faktor 10 zu vermindern, um eine weitere Verringerung der Gesamtpermeation auf unter 1 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr) zu ermöglichen, gleichzeitig jedoch auch die Siegelfähigkeit der Konstruktion zu erhalten. From the disadvantages of the prior art described, the problem initiating the invention results in finding a structure of the high barrier film which allows sideward permeation to be reduced by a factor of at least 10 to further reduce the total permeation to below 1 mbar liter / (m 2 Year) while retaining the sealability of the construction.

Das erfindungsgemäße Problem wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Vakuumdämmplatte dadurch gelöst, dass wenigstens eine der im Bereich einer Siegelnaht aneinander liegenden Oberflächen der Hochbarrierefolie(n) - vorzugsweise beide - polyolefinfrei ist und aus einem Polyester besteht, oder aus einem Copolymer eines Polyesters. Denn ein Polyester lässt sich mit einem erheblich besseren Barrierevermögen realisieren als bisher verwendete Polyolefine, so dass eine solche Siegelnaht selbst dann deutlich dichter ist als eine herkömmliche Siegelnaht im Vergleich dazu.In a generic vacuum insulation panel, the problem according to the invention is solved by virtue of the fact that at least one of the surfaces of the high barrier film (s) adjacent to one another in the area of a sealed seam is preferably polyolefin-free and consists of a polyester or of a copolymer of a polyester. For a polyester can be realized with a significantly better barrier than previously used polyolefins, so that even such a sealed seam is significantly denser than a conventional sealed seam in comparison.

Wenn die Umhüllung nur in Laschen verlaufende Siegelnähte aufweist, so werden dazu normalerweise die einander zugewandten Innenseiten der Umhüllung flächig aneinander gelegt und miteinander verschweißt, insbesondere entlang einer Schweißlinie. Wenn in diesem Fall nur Innenseite an Innenseite gesiegelt wird, genügt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, nur eben diese Innenseite mit einer Siegelschicht aus Polyester oder aus einem Copolymer eines Polyesters zu versehen.If the envelope has sealing seams extending only in tabs, then normally the mutually facing inner sides of the envelope are laid flat against each other and welded together, in particular along a welding line. In this case, if only inside is sealed on the inside, it is sufficient within the scope of the invention to provide only this inner side with a sealing layer of polyester or of a copolymer of a polyester.

Werden andererseits zwei unterschiedliche Oberflächen der Umhüllung miteinander versiegelt - also bspw. ein Bereich der Innenseite mit einem Bereich der Außenseite - so sollte zumindest eine von beiden mit einer Siegelschicht aus Polyester oder aus einem Copolymer eines Polyesters ausgerüstet sein, oder im Idealfall beide.On the other hand, if two different surfaces of the envelope are sealed together - that is, for example, an area of the inside with an area of the outside - at least one of them should be equipped with a polyester or a copolymer of a polyester sealing layer, or ideally both.

Die Erfindung lässt sich dahingehend weiterbilden, dass eine oder beide der im Bereich einer Siegelung aneinander liegenden Oberflächen oder Siegelseiten aus Polyethylenterephthalat als Polyester bestehen.The invention can be further developed in such a way that one or both of the surfaces or sealing sides adjoining in the region of a seal consist of polyethylene terephthalate as polyester.

Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) ist ein durch Polykondensation hergestellter, thermoplastischer Kunststoff, nämlich ein Polyester aus Dthylenglycol und Terephthalsäure und hat eine bessere Barrierefähigkeit als beispielsweise Polyethylen (PE).Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a thermoplastic produced by polycondensation, namely a polyester of Dthylenglycol and terephthalic acid and has a better barrier properties than, for example, polyethylene (PE).

Es hat sich bewährt, dass keine, eine oder beide Oberflächen oder Siegelseiten einer Hochbarrierefolie der Umhüllung mit heißsiegelbarem Polyester (PETIP), einem Copolymer von Polyester mit Isophthalsäure, ausgerüstet sind.It has been found that none, one or both surfaces or seal faces of a high barrier film of the wrapper are provided with heat sealable polyester (PETIP), a copolymer of polyester with isophthalic acid.

PETIP hat den Vorteil eines deutlich niedrigeren Schmelzpunktes als PET und ist daher besser für eine Heißsiegelung geeignet; die dafür erforderlichen Temperaturen liegen deutlich niedriger als bei PET.PETIP has the advantage of a much lower melting point than PET and is therefore better suited for heat sealing; the required temperatures are much lower than for PET.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die heißsiegelbare(n) Polyesterfolie(n) aus Polyethylenterephthalat mit einer Schicht koextrudiertem PETIP, einem Copolymer von Polyester mit Isophthalsäure, hergestellt ist (sind). Bei einer solchen Anordnung ist das reine Polyethylentherephthalat bevorzugt der eigentlichen Barriereschicht zugewandt, während die Schicht mit koextrudiertem PETIP als Siegelfläche verwendet wird.It is within the scope of the invention that the heat-sealable polyester film (s) is made of polyethylene terephthalate with a layer of coextruded PETIP, a copolymer of polyester with isophthalic acid. In such an arrangement, the pure polyethylene terephthalate is preferably the actual barrier layer facing, while the coextruded PETIP layer is used as a sealing surface.

Anstelle einer Polyethylensiegelschicht wird bevorzugt eine Polyesterfolie mit einer Oberfläche aus einem mit Isophthalsäure modifizierten Polyester verwendet, die heißsiegelbar ist. Das mit Isophthalsäure modifizierte Polyester (PETIP) hat einen niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt und kann mit dem üblichen Polyester koextrudiert werden. Das koextrudierte, auf einer Seite heißsiegelbare Polyester ist kommerziell in Foliendicken ab 12 µm erhältlich (z.B. „Hostaphan RHS“ von Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH). Die um etwa einen Faktor 100 gegenüber Siegelschichten aus Polyolefinen wie Polyethylen LD/HD oder Polyproylen reduzierte Luftdurchlässigkeit des modifizierten Polyesters verringert die Seitwärtspermeation auf in der Praxis auf vernachlässigbare Werte unter 0,01 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr). Ausgasungen aus dem Material, die den Gasdruck erhöhen würden, sind nicht zu erwarten.Instead of a polyethylene sealant layer, it is preferable to use a polyester film having a surface of an isophthalic acid-modified polyester which is heat-sealable. The isophthalic acid modified polyester (PETIP) has a lower melting point and can be coextruded with the usual polyester. The coextruded, on one side heat-sealable polyester is commercially available in film thicknesses from 12 microns available (eg "Hostaphan RHS" Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH). The reduced air permeability of the modified polyester by about a factor of 100 compared to sealing layers of polyolefins such as polyethylene LD / HD or polypropylene reduced sideways permeation in practice to negligible values below 0.01 mbar liter / (m 2 year). Outgassing from the material, which would increase the gas pressure, are not expected.

Das koextrudierte, auf einer Seite heißsiegelbar Polyester ist mit sich selbst heißsiegelbar, aber auch mit üblichen Polyesterfolien direkt heißsiegelbar. The coextruded, heat-sealable polyester on one side is heat-sealable with itself, but can also be heat-sealed directly with conventional polyester films.

Das modizierte Polyester kann gegebenenfalls auf der dem heißsiegelbaren PETIP gegenüberliegenden Seite metallisiert werden und so als Teil der Hochbarriereschicht fungieren.Optionally, the modified polyester may be metallized on the opposite side of the heat sealable PETIP to function as part of the high barrier layer.

Vorteil der Verwendung der mit PETIP koextrudierten Polyesterfolie als siegelbare Folie sind die nun möglichen, sehr geringen Luftdurchgangsraten für Hochbarrierefolien unter 1 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr). Beispielsweise erreicht eine Vakuumpaneel-Umhüllung mit einer Aluminiumverbundfolie bestehend aus einer 6 µm dünnen Aluminiumfolie, die mit einer Polyesterfolie und einer metallisierten Polyesterfolie und der erfindungsgemäßen Siegelschicht laminiert ist, eine Luftdurchlässigkeit bei Raumtemperatur um 0,2 mbar liter/(m2 Jahr). Das ist zehnmal geringer als mit einer üblichen Siegelschicht aus Polyethylen. Ähnliches ist nun möglich für aluminiumfolienfreie Hochbarrierefolien, die mit besonderer Ausrüstung, z.B. einer Schicht aus metallisiertem Polyvinylalkohol, sehr geringe Durchlässigkeit in der Fläche erreichen. Dadurch kann die Nutzungsdauer von Vakuumisolationspaneelen um einen Faktor 10 oder mehr verlängert werden, bzw. der Anstieg der Wärmeleitfähigkeit entsprechend verlangsamt werden. Aufgrund des wesentlich höheren Schmelzpunkts sind mit der Erfindung nun auch Anwendungen von Vakuumisolationspaneelen jenseits von Temperaturen von 100 °C möglich, bei der übliche, mit Polyolefinen ausgerüstete Hochbarrierfolien nicht mehr einsetzbar sind.The advantage of using the polyester film coextruded with PETIP as the sealable film is the very low air throughput rates that are now possible for high barrier films below 1 mbar liter / (m 2 years). For example, a vacuum panel cladding with an aluminum composite film consisting of a 6 μm thin aluminum foil laminated with a polyester film and a metallized polyester film and the sealing layer of the invention achieves air permeability at room temperature of 0.2 mbar liter / (m 2 year). This is ten times less than with a conventional polyethylene sealing layer. The same is now possible for aluminum foil-free high-barrier films which achieve very low permeability in the surface with special equipment, for example a layer of metallized polyvinyl alcohol. As a result, the useful life of vacuum insulation panels can be extended by a factor of 10 or more, or the increase in thermal conductivity can be correspondingly slowed down. Due to the much higher melting point, the invention now also applications of vacuum insulation panels beyond temperatures of 100 ° C possible in the usual, equipped with polyolefins high barrier films are no longer applicable.

Claims (10)

Vakuumdämmplatte mit einer vakuumdichten, mit einem offenporigen, druckbelastbaren Kern befüllten Umhüllung aus einer oder mehreren Hochbarrierefolien, welche zum Verschluss der Umhüllung entlang einer oder mehrerer Siegelnähte aneinander gesiegelt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine der im Bereich einer Siegelnaht aneinander liegenden Oberflächen der Hochbarrierefolie(n) polyolefinfrei ist und aus einem Polyester besteht, oder aus einem Copolymer eines Polyesters.A vacuum insulation panel comprising a vacuum-tight enclosure filled with an open-pore, pressure-resistant core and comprising one or more high barrier films which are sealed together to seal the enclosure along one or more sealing seams, characterized in that at least one of the surfaces of the high barrier film (FIG. n) is polyolefin-free and consists of a polyester, or of a copolymer of a polyester. Vakuumdämmplatte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Oberfläche oder Siegelseite einer Hochbarrierefolie der Umhüllung, also eine oder beide Oberflächen oder Siegelseiten derselben, mit Polyethylenterephthalat oder einem Material auf der Basis von Polyethylenterephthalat ausgerüstet ist (sind).Vacuum insulation panel after Claim 1 , characterized in that at least one surface or sealing side of a high-barrier film of the envelope, so one or both surfaces or sealing sides thereof, is (are) equipped with polyethylene terephthalate or a material based on polyethylene terephthalate. Vakuumdämmplatte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass keine, eine oder beide Oberflächen oder Siegelseiten einer Hochbarrierefolie der Umhüllung mit heißsiegelbarem Polyester (PETIP), einem Copolymer von Polyester mit Isophthalsäure, ausgerüstet sind.Vacuum insulation panel after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that none, one or both surfaces or sealing sides of a high barrier film of the wrapper are provided with heat sealable polyester (PETIP), a copolymer of polyester with isophthalic acid. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die heißsiegelbare(n) Polyesterfolie(n) aus Polyethylenterephthalat mit einer Schicht koextrudiertem PETIP, einem Copolymer von Polyester mit Isophthalsäure, hergestellt ist (sind).Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the heat-sealable polyester film (s) is made of polyethylene terephthalate with a layer of coextruded PETIP, a copolymer of polyester with isophthalic acid. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vakuumdichte Siegelung der Siegelseiten mittels thermischer Siegelung vorgenommen ist.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum-tight sealing of the sealing sides is effected by means of thermal sealing. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vakuumdichte Siegelung der Siegelseiten per Ultraschall oder durch Hochfrequenz vorgenommen ist.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the vacuum-tight sealing of the sealed pages is made by ultrasound or by high frequency. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Schicht der Hochbarrierefolie aus einer metallisierten Polyesterfolie besteht.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer of the high-barrier film consists of a metallized polyester film. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Schicht der Hochbarrierefolie aus einer metallisierter Polyvinylalkoholfolie besteht.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that at least one layer of the high barrier film consists of a metallized polyvinyl alcohol film. Vakuumdämmplatte nach Anspruch einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdurchlässigkeit der Hochbarrierefolie(n) bei 23°C / 50% relativer Feuchte weniger als 10 mbar liter pro Quadratmeter Paneelfläche und Jahr beträgt.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air permeability of the high barrier film (s) at 23 ° C / 50% relative humidity is less than 10 mbar liters per square meter of panel surface and year. Vakuumdämmplatte nach einem der vorhegehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern aus pyrogener Kieselsäure, Fällungskieselsäure, wenigstens einem Aerogel, Perlitpulver, offenporigem Polyurethanschaum, offenporigem Polystyrolschaum mit Porengrößen kleiner 10 µm, Polyesterfasern und/oder Glasfasern besteht.Vacuum insulation panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core consists of fumed silica, precipitated silica, at least one airgel, perlite powder, open-cell polyurethane foam, open-pore polystyrene foam with pore sizes less than 10 microns, polyester fibers and / or glass fibers.
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