DE102016013199A1 - Thermal insulation panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel with a core (1) made of open-pored material and with a sheath (2) enclosing the core (1) closely, completely and in a gastight manner on all sides, wherein the sheath (2) has at least one gas-tight barrier layer (3) , This is characterized in that the sheath (2) in at least a portion of the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel on the outside of the barrier layer (3) or on an outside on the barrier layer (3) intermediate layer (4) a protective layer (6) made of a heat-resistant material having.

Description

The invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a cladding film for vacuum insulation panels having the features of the preamble of claim 8.

Vacuum insulation panels are used for efficient insulation of refrigerators and freezers, the insulation of transport containers for temperature-sensitive goods, for subsequent insulation in building renovation etc.

A vacuum insulation panel basically has a flat core of open-pored material and a sheath surrounding the core on all sides in a tight, complete and gastight manner. This makes it possible to evacuate the space within the enclosure and thereby bring the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel to very low levels.

A vacuum insulation panel is known ( DE 10 2010 019 074 A1 ), in which the enclosure has at least one gas-tight barrier layer and on the inside of the barrier layer, a sealing layer. This vacuum insulation panel has a flat core made of an open-pore material, a first barrier film applied over a large area to a first main surface of the core with at least one sealing layer facing the core, a second barrier film surrounding the core at its other major surface likewise with a sealing layer, and a circumferential barrier film Sealing seam, along which the two barrier films are sealed to one another with the aid of the sealing layers by thermal welding.

It is explained in the prior art that materials which are pressure-loadable for the core are suitable in the form of powder plates, powder beds, open-cell foams or glass fiber materials. In particular Dämmkerne from powder plates or loose powder are usually still wrapped to reduce the formation of dust with an air-permeable polyester nonwoven, as can be seen for example from DE 100 585 66 A1 results. This prevents dust being released during the evacuation process in the vacuum chamber and contaminating both the sealed seams and the vacuum chamber.

Core plates of microporous silica powder have a very fine pore structure and allow relatively high gas pressures, without the thermal conductivity of the residual gas plays a role. Thus, with these microporous materials only a vacuum of 1 to 10 mbar is necessary to bring the thermal conductivity to 0.004 to 0.005 W / mK. Casings made of special barrier films, which have only a very thin, vapor-deposited coating of aluminum, ensure that the gas pressure in the core material only increases by about one mbar per year.

In the prior art explained in detail above, various measures for the production of vacuum insulation panels of the type in question are described. In particular, it is also explained that the planar core can not only be constructed in one piece, but also in several parts.

Extensive proposals are made for the design of the enclosure with the barrier films. Typical achievable gas permeabilities and water vapor permeabilities are described, and proposals are made for the selection of materials for the barrier layers and the seal layers.

All statements in this regard in the prior art should also apply to the present invention in a corresponding manner, as far as the following statements are not expressly contrary. Thus, for the relevant statements to the disclosure of the comprehensive DE 10 2010 019 074 A1 directed.

Vacuum insulation panels of the type in question have excellent insulation properties. Due to the small thickness of the envelope are vacuum insulation panels of the type in question in handling but sensitive. Care must be taken that the envelope of the vacuum insulation panel is not damaged.

A detailed example of the construction of a vacuum insulation panel and the core enclosing cladding of such discloses the US 4,662,521 A , Here, first of all, a paper envelope surrounded the core on all sides is provided. Only then is the enclosure surrounding the core. In the exemplary case, this consists here of an inner sealing layer of polyethylene with a thickness of 50 μm, a gas-tight barrier layer of aluminum in a thickness of 9 μm and an outer layer of polyester on the outside of the barrier layer in a layer thickness of 12 μm. The envelope consists of two flat enveloping parts, which are peripherally abutting each other with their sealing layers and connected to each other gas-tight by sealing under pressure and temperature.

In the known Vakuumisolationspaneel from which the invention proceeds ( DE 20 2014 002 192 U1 ), an additional protective measure for the barrier layer of the cladding is made by the fact that on the outside of the barrier layer or on the outside of the barrier layer located intermediate layer is still arranged a paper layer. The envelope of the local vacuum insulation panel, where the barrier layer or the intermediate layer located on the outside of the barrier layer is combined with a paper layer, has a higher rigidity than previously known enclosures. This results in a lower sensitivity to mechanical damage and a smooth surface.

As far as the present invention is concerned, the disclosure of the DE 20 2014 002 192 U1 in particular with regard to the structure of the casing and the possible variants for the formation of the core.

For certain applications, for example in construction or in vehicle construction, certain fire protection requirements must be met. High fire protection requirements of the relevant applications can not be met by the removable from the above-mentioned prior art vacuum insulation panels.

The teaching is therefore based on the problem of specifying a Vakuumisolationspaneel of the type in question, which meets higher fire protection requirements than the previously described known vacuum insulation panels, in particular much higher fire protection requirements such as those in the automotive industry.

The above-mentioned object is achieved in a vacuum insulation panel having the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Preferred embodiments and further developments are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 7.

The invention also provides a wrapping film for vacuum insulation panels for themselves, which meets high fire protection requirements. In that regard, reference is made to the claims 8 to 10.

According to the invention, a heat-resistant embodiment of the envelope of the vacuum insulation panel is not realized by a mixture of the material of an outer layer with heat-resistant and / or flame-retardant additives. Rather, an independent protective layer of a heat-resistant material is applied to the barrier layer or the intermediate layer located on the barrier layer outside. It is a special protective layer that is optimized for its fire protection effect.

For the wrapping, moreover, except for the heat-resistant protective layer added according to the invention, the variants which have been specified in the prior art described in detail above apply, so that reference may be made to the state of the art as a whole.

Vacuum insulation panels of the type in question can have different shapes. The rule form is a flat-plate-like design. However, vacuum insulation panels are also known in other forms, for example bent or angled or with different thicknesses in different sections. The present invention applies to all forms of vacuum insulation panels.

According to the invention, the heat-resistant protective layer is applied externally in at least one region of the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel. One-sided application of the protective layer is sufficient with a vacuum insulation panel installed in a certain orientation. It is preferred, however, that the complete enclosure is provided with the heat-resistant protective layer, so that it does not matter in which orientation the vacuum insulation panel according to the invention is installed.

The heat-resistant protective layer can be applied to the barrier layer or the intermediate layer located on the outside of the barrier layer in such a way that the material of the heat-resistant protective layer is applied in situ. It is preferred, however, because this results in a better handling, that the heat-resistant protective layer is designed as independently handleable film and permanently connected to the enclosure by gluing otherwise.

Bonding in accordance with the teachings of the present invention involves the use of additional adhesives, but also includes the use of hot melt adhesives, particularly hot melt adhesives, or welding by fusing the material of the heat resistant protective layer and / or the barrier layer and / or the intermediate layer itself to the purpose the connection with each other. The use of a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive coating is also covered by this definition.

In a first particularly preferred embodiment, it is now provided that the heat-resistant protective layer essentially consists of mica particles fixed with a binder, in particular based on phlogopite or muscovite. This is also referred to as "art mica" (see, for example, Schröcke, Weiner "mineralogy", Walter de Gruyter, 1981, and Wikipedia, keyword "art mica"). In English-speaking countries, such materials are referred to Base of mica as "mica material" or "mica foil" (Wikipedia, keyword "mica" and keywords "phlogopite" and "muscovite").

Layers essentially of mica particles fixed with a binder are already used in the prior art, for example as a carrier material for heating wires or surface heating elements. In the present case they act differently, namely to protect the material covered by them, to protect the vacuum insulation panel as a whole.

In the sense of optimized handling, a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the mica particles of the heat-resistant protective layer are applied and fixed on a flat carrier material, in particular on a glass fiber fabric or knitted fabric or on a plastic film, in particular a PET film. A glass fiber fabric or knitted fabric is particularly suitable for phlogopite, a PET film in particular for muscovite as a carrier material in question. In this way, the platelet-like mica particles can be handled well with their binder.

Suitable binders are primarily synthetic resins of various provenances or synthetic rubber known in the art (e.g., SBR styrene butadiene rubber based contact adhesive, e.g., trade name "GLUKON").

For the heat-resistant protective layer consisting essentially of mica particles fixed with a binder, a thickness of the order of magnitude of 20 μm to 300 μm, preferably of 50 μm to 150 μm, is recommended. This is sufficient for the typical fire protection requirements of the present type.

In an alternative, it can also be provided that the heat-resistant protective layer essentially consists of a material that foams up on exposure to heat. A heat-insulating protective layer of this kind is also known in the art as a fire-resistant film (thermoplastic polyolefins filled with inorganic flame retardants, e.g., alkali silicate, e.g., trade name "Cello HL Firestop R").

In the embodiment described above, it requires larger thicknesses to achieve a corresponding fire protection effect, namely a thickness of about 0.5 mm to 5 mm, preferably from 2 mm to 3 mm.

The invention also provides a wrapping film for vacuum insulation panels as such having the properties described above, to which reference may be made to claims 11 to 13.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing illustrating only embodiments. In the course of explanation of the embodiments, particularly preferred variants and modifications of the teaching of the invention are described.

• 1 in schematischer Darstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Vakuumisolationspaneels gemäß der Erfindung,
• 2 in schematischer Darstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Vakuumisolationspaneels gemäß der Erfindung,
• 3 in schematischer Darstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Vakuumisolationspaneels gemäß der Erfindung,
• 4 in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Umhüllungsfolie für Vakuumisolationspaneele gemäß der Erfindung.

In the drawing shows

• 1 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel according to the invention,
• 2 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel according to the invention,
• 3 a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel according to the invention,
• 4 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a wrapping film for vacuum insulation panels according to the invention.

In the figures, the dimensions are not to scale, but greatly exaggerated to explain the structure well.

This in 1 illustrated first embodiment shows a vacuum insulation panel with a core 1 made of open-pored material and one the core 1 on all sides tight, complete and gas-tight enclosing enclosure 2 , Like the clipping in 1 recognizes that is so far representative of the other figures, has the envelope 2 at least one gas-tight barrier layer 3 , This consists in the illustrated and preferred embodiment of a thin metallization of aluminum, for example in the known from the prior art layer thickness of 5 microns to 10 microns. In the illustrated embodiment, you can see on the outside of the barrier layer 3 an intermediate layer 4 made of PET in a thickness of for example 15 microns. In the illustrated embodiment, one also sees on the inside of the barrier layer 3 a sealant layer 5 made of plastic, here in particular polyethylene, in a thickness of here 50 microns.

As already explained in the prior art, the sealing layer is located 5 either directly at the core 1 or it is located between the sealing layer 5 and the core 1 Yet another intermediate layer, preferably made of a plastic fabric or knitted or paper, as mentioned above in the prior art.

1 shows a continuous enclosure 2 because it is a schematic representation. Very often, however, one becomes an envelope 2 provide two flat covering parts or even of several covering parts, with their Sealing layers edge peripherally abutting each other and gas-tightly connected to each other by sealing.

What the barrier layer 3 is concerned, so on the DE 20 2014 002 192 U1 referenced, in which many examples of different structures of the barrier layer 3 are given, which are also used in the teaching of the invention. The same applies to the structure of the envelope described therein 2 as well as for the composition of the core 1 all of which can also be used in the teaching of the present invention.

In 1 is now further indicated that the envelope 2 in at least a portion of the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel on the outside of the barrier layer 3 or one outside on the barrier layer 3 located intermediate layer 4 a protective layer 6 made of a heat-resistant material. In 1 you can see this heat-resistant protective layer 6 on top of the vacuum insulation panel, so on a main surface of the vacuum insulation panel.

In the embodiment of 2 On the other hand, you can see that here is the complete envelope 2 with the heat-resistant protective layer 6 is provided.

Based on 1 It can be well understood that, according to the preferred teaching of the invention, handling technology is particularly expedient in that the heat-resistant protective layer 6 designed as independently handleable film and with the envelope 2 Incidentally, is permanently connected by gluing. In that regard, reference may be made to the explanations given in the introduction to the description of the term "gluing".

In the embodiments of the 1 and 2 is now specifically provided that the heat-resistant protective layer 6 consists essentially of a fixed with a binder mica particles, in particular based on phlogopite or muscovite.

In principle, it would be conceivable that the heat-insulating protective layer 6 is prepared from mica particles by exposing the mica particles to the surface of the envelope provided with adhesive binder 2 be sprinkled evenly. That would be an attachment of the protective layer 6 in a sense in situ.

However, preference is given to the variant already described in the general part of the description with an independently handleable film. In that regard, in the embodiments of 1 and 2 preferably provided that the mica particles of the heat-resistant protective layer 6 on a flat support material, in particular on a glass fiber fabric or knitted fabric or on a plastic film, in particular a PET film, are applied and fixed. Reference may be made to the explanations given in the general part of the description.

What the preferred thickness of the protective layer 6 in the embodiments of 1 and 2 As regards, it is recommended that the thickness of the heat-resistant protective layer 6 between 20 μm and 300 μm, preferably between 50 μm and 150 μm.

3 shows another embodiment of a vacuum insulation panel according to the invention, in which it is provided that the heat-resistant protective layer 6 consists essentially of a foaming on exposure to heat material. In this case, a preferred thickness of the protective layer 6 significantly larger than in the embodiments of 1 and 2 , namely, is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, preferably 2 mm to 3 mm.

4 shows a further enlarged further feature of the invention. 4 shows schematically the section through a wrapping film for vacuum insulation panels with on the outside of the barrier layer 3 or on an outside on the barrier layer 3 located intermediate layer 4 a protective layer 6 made of a heat-resistant material. In 4 one sees for the film processable cover 2 Below first as an example a sealing layer 5 made of polyethylene in a thickness of about 50 microns, about the three-layer barrier layer 3 each with the combination metallization on PET intermediate layer 4 , each layer approximately in the thickness of 15 microns, and then the protective layer 6 directly applied from fixed with binder mica particles, the protective layer 6 with a thickness of about 50 microns. The entire wrapping film of 4 then has a thickness of approximately 150 microns and includes a sequence of layers that fits extremely high fire protection requirements. This wrapping film for vacuum insulation panels can then immediately as a wrapper 2 be used for vacuum insulation panels.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

core

2

wrapping

3

barrier layer

4

interlayer

5

sealing layer

6

protective layer

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010019074 A1 [0004, 0009]
• DE 10058566 A1 [0005]
• US 4662521 A [0011]
• DE 202014002192 U1 [0012, 0013, 0038]

Claims (10)

A vacuum insulation panel having a core (1) made of open-pored material and having a sheath (2) enclosing the core (1) on all sides in a tight, complete and gas-tight manner, the sheath (2) having at least one gas-tight barrier layer (3), characterized the sheathing (2) has a protective layer (6) of a heat-resistant material in at least one region of the outer surface of the vacuum insulation panel on the outside of the barrier layer (3) or on an intermediate layer (4) located on the outside of the barrier layer (3). Vacuum insulation panel after Claim 1 , characterized in that the sheath (2) on the inside of the barrier layer (3) has a sealing layer (5) made of plastic and that the sealing layer (5) directly on the core (1) or on at least one inner intermediate layer, preferably of a plastic fabric or knitted or made of paper. Vacuum insulation panel after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the envelope (2) consists of two flat enveloping parts, which with their sealing layers (5) peripherally abutting each other and are gas-tightly connected to each other by sealing. Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the complete enclosure (2) is provided with the heat-resistant protective layer (6). Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the heat-resistant protective layer (6) designed as independently handleable film and with the sheath (2) is otherwise permanently connected by gluing. Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the heat-resistant protective layer (6) consists essentially of fixed with a binder mica particles, in particular based on phlogopite or muscovite, wherein, preferably, the mica particles of the heat-resistant protective layer (6) on a flat support material, in particular on a And / or wherein, preferably, the thickness of the heat-resistant protective layer (6) is between 20 .mu.m and 300 .mu.m, preferably between 50 .mu.m and 150 .mu.m, preferably glass fiber fabric or knitted fabric or on a plastic film, in particular a PET film is. Vacuum insulation panel according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the heat-resistant protective layer (6) consists essentially of a foaming on heating material, wherein, preferably, the thickness of the foamable heat-resistant protective layer (6) between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 3 mm is. A cladding film for vacuum insulation panels with at least one gas-tight barrier layer (3), characterized in that the cladding film has a protective layer (6) of a heat-resistant material on the outside of the barrier layer (3) or on an intermediate layer (4) located on the outside of the barrier layer (3) , Wrapping film after Claim 8 , characterized in that the heat-resistant protective layer (6) consists of mica particles fixed with a binder, in particular based on phlogopite or muscovite, directly on the barrier layer (3) or on the outside of the barrier layer (3) located intermediate layer (4) applied and fixed on this. Wrapping film after Claim 8 , characterized in that the heat-resistant protective layer (6) consists essentially of a foaming on heating material, which is directly on the barrier layer (3) or on the outside of the barrier layer (3) located intermediate layer (4) and fixed on this ,

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