DE102018001351A1 - Disc-shaped device, through which one can only look in one direction (one-sided transparent disc) - Google Patents

Abstract

Technical task and objective
The device is intended to allow a user to install a privacy screen that prevents him from being seen while he himself can look through in the other direction.
Currently the privacy is achieved by one of the following devices:
• Curtain: this has the disadvantage that even the user can not see through it
• Curtain: this has the disadvantage that it does not provide complete privacy and also prevents the user from looking through it
• mirrored glass: this has the disadvantage that it provides good privacy only under favorable lighting conditions
The aim of the invention is to avoid all the disadvantages of currently used techniques.
the solution of the problem
The one-sided transparent pane is realized by a transparent, illuminated pane and a mirrored pane. The transparent, luminous disc is on the outside, the mirrored side of the mirrored disc faces outwards, see sketch (1):
The stray light which reaches the eye of the observer is composed of the stray light emitted from point 1 in its direction and the reflected portion of the light emitted from point 2 towards the mirrored glass. On the other hand, if one looks in the opposite direction, only the non-reflected portion of the light, which is emitted from point 1 towards the mirrored disk, which is kept small by the mirroring of the inner disk, is reached.

Description

Technical area

Optical device, privacy

Comparison with the prior art

• • Vorhang Der Vorhang bietet einen effektiven Schutz vor Sicht von außen nach innen, jedoch verhindert er auch das Sehen von innen nach außen.
• • Gardine Die Gardine verhindert einen flüchtigen Blick von außen nach innen, jedoch verhindert sie nicht, dass jemand das Innere erkennt, wenn er genauer hinsieht oder sich gar technischer Hilfsmittel (Kamera) bedient. Des Weiteren verhindert die Gardine im selben Maß den Blick von innen nach außen.
• • einseitig verspiegelte Scheibe Die einseitig verspiegelte Scheibe verhindert bei günstigen Lichtverhältnissen den Blick von außen nach innen. Ist das Innere jedoch ausreichend hell oder das äußere ausreichend dunkel, so wird sie in beide Richtungen durchsichtig.

At the moment, the following measures are used to ensure a transparent pane screen to protect the area indicated in the following from the outside area:

• • Curtain The curtain provides effective protection from the outside to the inside, but it also prevents it from looking inside out.
• • Curtain The curtain prevents a glimpse from outside to inside, but does not prevent someone from recognizing the inside if they look closer or even use technical aids (camera). Furthermore, the curtain prevents the same degree the view from the inside out.
• • One-sided mirrored glass The one-sided mirrored glass prevents the view from outside to inside in favorable light conditions. However, if the interior is sufficiently bright or the outside sufficiently dark, it will become transparent in both directions.

The invention

Object of the invention

It is intended to provide a disk-shaped device through which one can look through in one direction but not in the other, i.e., in the other direction. The underlying environment is not visible in one direction, but already in the other. This should be possible as independent of the lighting conditions on both sides of the disc.

In the following, the invention is therefore also called one-sided transparent disc.

construction

On the side from which one should not be able to look through the pane, hereafter referred to as outside, there is a transparent pane, which can be made to shine without losing its transparency. The light of this disc is called "stray light" below. On the side of the disc, from which one can look through the disc, hereafter called inside, there is a disc, which is mirrored on the outside. If the disturbance light is activated, an observer, who wants to look through the one-sided transparent pane, is blinded by the disturbing light. While the viewer, looking from the inside outward, is blinded only by the light transmitted through the mirrored glass, the viewer becomes on the outside through the light emitted from the luminous pane to the outside, as well as from the luminous one Disc light emitted inside, which was reflected by the mirrored glass, dazzled. In sketch (1) this means the following:

The disturbing light, which reaches the eye of the observer on the outside, is composed of the stray light emitted from point 1 in its direction and the reflected portion of the light emitted from point 2 towards the mirrored disc. On the other hand, if one looks in the opposite direction, one reaches only the non-reflected portion of the light which is emitted from point 1 towards the mirrored disk.

Effectiveness of the arrangement

• Sei 0 < R < 1 der Reflexionskoeffizient der verspiegelten Scheibe, d.h. wenn eine Lichtintensität L von außen auf die verspiegelte Scheibe fällt, so beträgt die Intensität der reflektierten Strahlen L_r und die Intensität der Strahlen, die die Scheibe durchdringen L_p $$\begin{array}{cc}{L}_r=R\cdot L& L_p=\left(1-R\right)\cdot L\end{array}$$
  

To understand the effectiveness of the arrangement, consider the following formula:

• Let 0 <R <1 be the reflection coefficient of the mirrored disk, ie if a light intensity L falls from the outside onto the mirrored disk, the intensity of the reflected beams is L _r and the intensity of the beams that penetrate the disk L _p $$\begin{array}{cc}{L}_r=R\cdot L& L_p=\left(1-R\right)\cdot L\end{array}$$
  

If S is the light intensity which is emitted by the luminous pane in both directions, then the ratio of the disturbing light S _i , which the observer sees on the inside, and the disturbance light S _a , which the observer sees on the outside, are calculated , as follows: $$\begin{array}{cc}{S}_i=S\frac{\left(1-R\right)}{2}& S_a=\frac{S}{2}+\frac{R\cdot S}{2}\end{array}=\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="DE102018001351A1\_0009.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}\frac{1+R}{2}$$

The ratio between S _a and S _i is accordingly $$\frac{S_a}{S_i}=\frac{1+R}{1-R}$$

Examples

2:1 $\frac{1}{2}\left(=50\text{\%}\right)$

3:1 $\frac{3}{4}\left(=75\text{\%}\right)$

7:1 $\frac{9}{10}\left(=90\text{\%}\right)$

19:1 $\frac{19}{20}=\left(95\text{\%}\right)$

39:1 Je höher der Reflexionskoeffizient ist, umso besser funktioniert das System. Reflection coefficient (R) Disturbance light ratio (S _a : S _i ) $\frac{1}{3}\left(\approx 33\text{\%}\right)$

2: 1 $\frac{1}{2}\left(=50\text{\%}\right)$

3: 1 $\frac{3}{4}\left(=75\text{\%}\right)$

7: 1 $\frac{9}{10}\left(=90\text{\%}\right)$

19: 1 $\frac{19}{20}=\left(95\text{\%}\right)$

39: 1 The higher the reflection coefficient, the better the system works.

Dynamic adaptation

In order to remain transparent on one side under any lighting conditions, it is recommended to adapt the stray light to the current conditions. For this purpose, a simple control of the stray light intensity based on the light intensities on the inside and the outside of the one-sided transparent pane is sufficient. For this purpose, a light sensor and a controller are required on both sides, which continuously calculates and sets the optimum scattered light intensity from the measured values.

Of course, one can dispense with this scheme and instead offer a control of the stray light intensity by the user or completely waive a variability of the stray light intensity, but this can lead to limitations in the transparency from the inside out or the visual obstruction from outside to inside ,

embodiments

An application extends to the privacy of low windows from unwanted glances, which is currently the object of curtains and curtains, with the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The various exemplary embodiments listed below deal in particular with how the privacy screen can be optimized or certain desired side effects can be achieved. This is done in particular by variations of the transparent luminous pane:

Lens illuminated by stray light

In this example, the luminous disc is produced by pigments in an otherwise transparent disc, which are illuminated by a lateral light source, see sketch (2).

The illumination may be from either one (as in sketch (2)) or multiple sides as well as e.g. come from diagonally outside. The latter is interesting, for example, if it is a window of an object whose facade is illuminated anyway.

In the case of lateral illumination, the efficiency of the illumination can be increased by suitable optics, by ensuring that the light rays enter the disc as perpendicularly as possible and are reflected back into the disc on the opposite side.

When using glass, a reduction in the thickness of the pane should also lead to increased efficiency by using similar effects as are used for the glass fiber (i.e., total reflection at a sufficiently flat angle of impact to the glass surface).

Illuminated display

In this example, a lens illuminated by stray light is enhanced by providing a display, e.g. a liquid crystal display (LCD) is mounted on one side of a lens illuminated by stray light. This gives the one-sided transparent disc the opportunity to represent the scattered light irregularly. While in a homogeneous scattered light, as generated by the scattered light-emitting disk, it is possible to overcome the scattered light, for example by a photo is taken from which a homogeneous scattered light is removed by digital post-processing, this can be complicated by complex display patterns or even prevented. In addition, one can thus achieve beautiful effects for the viewer - both outside and inside - e.g. the simulation of an evening dusk by orange colored light.

External illuminated display

In this variant of the illuminated display, the illuminated by scattered light disc is outside the display. This allows the viewer inside to easily see the shapes and colors of the ad. This is particularly useful if the display is to serve the ambience in the interior, see sketch (3).

Illuminated display from the inside

In this variant of the illuminated display, the illuminated by scattered light disk is within the display. Since the directly incident stray light does not pass through this display, the inside of the display is much weaker to see. For this purpose, the scattered light ratio S _a : S _i is further improved by virtue of the fact that only the scattered light falling outwards is not attenuated by the display. This arrangement is therefore particularly suitable for those cases in which the spying of the interior by a viewer from the outside should be prevented and in the event that the display should be easily visible from the outside (eg advertising space), see sketch (4).

Self-luminous display

In this example, the luminous pane is provided by a self-luminous display, e.g. an organic light emitting diode (OLED). This allows the most intense stray light effects to be created. For a viewer from the outside, the disc can thus appear as a screen, although the reflection on the mirrored disc could make the picture a little out of focus. Even for the viewer inside, the self-luminous display gives the clearest representation of the displayed content, see sketch (5).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

• • Sketch (1) Two discs are shown in the picture, on the left a transparent, illuminated disc, on the right a mirrored disc whose reflection reflects the light coming from the left. The area to the left of the transparent, luminous pane represents the outdoor area, the area to the right of the mirrored pane represents the interior area. The circle with the, A 'represents a viewer in the outdoor area, the circle with the, I 'represents a viewer in the interior. On the transparent, luminous disc two points are marked with a star, the upper represents point 1, the lower represents point 2.
• • sketch (2) Two discs are shown in the picture, on the left a transparent disc offset with pigments, on the right a mirrored disc whose reflection reflects the light coming from the left. Light sources are drawn under the transparent, pigmented disc, which shine from the side into the transparent, pigmented pane, illuminating the pigments, which makes the pane glow.
• • sketch (3) The picture shows three panes, on the left a transparent, illuminated pane, on the right a mirrored pane whose reflection reflects the light coming from the left. In between, a transparent display is appropriate.
• • sketch (4) The picture shows three panes, in the middle a transparent, luminous pane, on the right a mirrored pane whose reflection reflects the light coming from the left. On the left is a transparent display.
• • sketch (5) The picture shows two panes, on the left a transparent, luminous display, on the right a mirrored pane whose reflection reflects the light coming from the left.

Claims (5)

Main claim The arrangement consists of a transparent, illuminated disc and a mirrored disc. The transparent, luminous disc is on the outside, the mirrored side of the mirrored disc faces outwards, see sketch (1). Subclaim, Pigmented Luminescent Disc 'The luminous disc in the arrangement of the main claim here consists of a transparent disc, which has been mixed with pigments and is illuminated by a light source, see sketch (2). Subclaim, Embedded Passive Display 'The arrangement from the sub claim 1 is extended by placing a translucent display between the luminous pane and the mirrored pane, see sketch (3). Subclaim Upstream Passive Display 'The Arrangement from the Sub claim 1 is extended by placing a translucent display in front of the illuminated pane and the mirrored pane, see sketch (4). Subclaim, Active Advertisement ' The luminous disc in the arrangement of the main claim here consists of a self-luminous, translucent display, see sketch (5).

Images