DE102017207934A1 - Composite tool and method for producing a sheet metal component - Google Patents

Abstract

In particular, the invention relates to a composite tool for producing a laminar sheet metal component (K) having a first structure (O) having a die (1) and a second structure (U) having a punch (2), wherein at least the first structure (O) or the second structure (U) is at least partially translationally adjustable and at least one relative to the punch (2) translationally adjustable sheet holder (3) is provided on the second structure (U) in addition to the punch (2) to the die (1 ) and press the punch (2) against each other and form the sheet metal component (K) from a located between the die (1) and the punch (2) sheet metal blank (K ') by pulling. The sheet metal holder (3) is hereby adapted to hold an outer edge of the sheet metal blank (K ') to be drawn on the sheet holder (3). It is further provided that the die (1) of the first structure (O) at least two parts, with an inner die (1A) and an outer die (1B), the inner die (1A) and the outer die (1B) being adjustable relative to each other on the first structure (O), and the outer die (1B ) and the relative to the punch (2) translationally adjustable sheet metal holder (3) are opposite to each other and are arranged when pressing the two-part die (1) and the punch (2) against each other between a waste piece (A) of the sheet blank (K ') held with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other at the outer edge of the drawn sheet blank (K ') is separated.

Description

The invention relates to a composite tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and a manufacturing method according to the preamble of claim 21.

Composite tools and in particular overall composite tools are usually characterized in that at least two technologically different machining processes are performed in one tool and in one press stroke. In other words, multiple operations or functions are integrated into a tool or machining step. Commonly composite tools are used mainly for geometrically simple components, which are usually made of a metal strip. In the manufacture of large, complex sheet metal components, e.g. Body components, of sheet metal blanks, e.g. in the form of single boards, the use of Gesamtverbundwerkzeugen is not common.

Body panels are typically manufactured in a series of operations of drawing, trimming, punching, and finishing in multiple dies or tool stages. The finished molding can in particular represent a bending operation. Typically, drawing the component base from a flat sheet metal blank is the first operation in the manufacturing process with line or transfer tools. The drawing is typically a deep drawing, stretch drawing, or combined operation in a tool. Subsequently, in operations separate from the drawing, the further steps are carried out such as punching, cutting and finishing.

• - Lochen: Zur Erzeugung einer geschlossenen Innenkontur am Werkstück
• - Beschneiden: Hierbei wird der äußere Ziehrand abgeschnitten, um die Außenkontur des Bauteils zu erzeugen, bzw. eine vorläufige Außenkontur, die in einer nachfolgenden Operation weiter bearbeitet wird.
• - Weitere Schneidprozesse ohne Bedeutung für die vorliegende Erfindung sind z.B. das Einschneiden oder Ausklinken.

The most common cutting processes on body panel parts are, for example, shear cutting processes:

• - Punching: To create a closed inner contour on the workpiece
• - Trimming: Here, the outer drawing edge is cut to produce the outer contour of the component, or a preliminary outer contour, which is further processed in a subsequent operation.
• Other cutting processes of no significance to the present invention include, for example, cutting or notching.

Subsequent or finished molds are also understood to mean shaping operations, usually in the last tool stage. A process of post-forming or finish-forming represents the folding. In this case, the edge of the drawn and trimmed sheet metal part is "bent" by about 90 °. Beveled shelves on sheet metal parts serve e.g. as Fügeflansche or as a preform for a crimping or Rollfalzoperation in shell, where the item is joined with others to an assembly. In most cases, the folding takes place in the last operation.

The 16A shows schematically a known from the prior art operation sequence pull-trimming-folding on a body component K , First, a pulling of the body component takes place K from a sheet metal blank K '( 1 .) before trimming it in a separate tool ( 2 .) And a border section ka is folded ( 3 .). For various reasons, it may be advantageous to the edge portion ka "To put on", ie to preform the shape of the bent board in the draw to a certain depth. This is based on the 16B illustrated in more detail. The 16A and 16B show in each case the simple case in which all operations in the direction of a press can be performed. In the process, a tool element (bending strip) touches the edge section to be edge-folded and bends it downwards.

Other variants of post-forming or finish-forming are e.g. looking up or calibrating. In some cases, an already formed component is acted upon in order to locally influence its geometry. Here, e.g. Deformations introduced or reduced radii.

Also known is the combination of trimming and folding in a follow-on tool drawn in a first tool component, the cutting blade (with a cutting bar) also serves as a folding edge. This is shown schematically in the 17A to 17C ,

Based on the above-discussed prior art, the invention has the object to achieve a reduction in the total number of tools required for the production of a sheet metal component and this reduction in equipment costs and the development and procurement times and to shorten process chains.

This object is achieved both with a composite tool of claim 1 and with a manufacturing method of claim 21.

• - die Matrize der ersten Struktur wenigstens zweiteilig, mit einer inneren Matrize und einer äußeren Matrize ausgeführt ist, wobei die innere Matrize und die äußere Matrize an der ersten Struktur relativ zueinander verstellbar sind, und
• - die äußere Matrize und der relativ zu dem Stempel translatorisch verstellbare Blechhalter einander gegenüberliegen und eingerichtet sind, beim Pressen der zweiteiligen Matrize und des Stempels gegeneinander zwischen sich ein Abfallstück des Blechrohlings zu halten, das mit dem Pressen der Matrize und des Stempels gegeneinander an einem äußeren Rand des gezogenen Blechrohlings - respektive des aus dem Blechrohling hergestellten Ziehteils - abgetrennt wird.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is proposed a composite tool for producing a flat sheet-metal component with a first structure having a (drawing) die and a second structure having a (drawing) die. At least the first structure or the second structure is at least partially translationally adjustable in order to press the die and the punch against each other and thereby the sheet metal component of a located between the die and the punch plate blank, eg a flat board by Pulling, ie, by a drawing process and producing a drawn part, form. For this purpose, at least one relative to the punch translationally adjustable blank holder is provided on the second structure in addition to the stamp. Furthermore, the invention provides that

• the die of the first structure is made at least in two parts, with an inner die and an outer die, the inner die and the outer die on the first structure being adjustable relative to one another, and
• - The outer die and the relative to the punch translationally adjustable sheet holder are opposed to each other and are arranged to hold when pressing the two-part die and the punch against each other between a piece of waste of the sheet blank, which with the pressing of the die and the punch against each other at an outer Edge of the drawn sheet metal blank - respectively of the drawn part produced from the sheet metal blank - is separated.

Thus, when pressing the at least two-part die and the punch against each other in addition to the drawing of the sheet blank (in a first adjustment phase of the first and second structures) is a marginal trimming (in at least one subsequent second adjustment phase). The translationally adjustable blank holder secures the defined position and orientation of the waste piece to be separated in cooperation with the at least two-part die and, through its adjustability relative to the punch, ensures the integration of a cutting operation into the press stroke.

The fact that the inner die and the outer dies on the first structure are adjustable relative to each other includes both that the inner die is adjustable relative to the outer die, and that the outer die is adjustable relative to the inner die. Due to the adjustability of the inner and outer matrices relative to each other on the first structure as well as through the interaction with the adjustable plate holder of the second structure, a separation of the waste piece can be realized in a particularly simple manner via the press stroke. In principle, the outer die of the first structure may at least partially surround the inner die.

In one embodiment variant, the outer die has a first form-fitting region and the blank holder has a second form-fitting region. The scrap piece of the sheet metal blank is deformed (locally) during pressing via the first and second form-fit regions of the outer die and so that at least one region of the scrap piece engages positively in at least one of the first and second form-fitting regions and / or at least one of the first and second form-fitting regions engages positively in the waste piece. The first and second positive locking areas thus serve to fix the waste piece between the blank holder and the outer die during pressing. The first and second form-fitting regions may be formed, for example, as projections and / or depressions. For example, a bulge is provided on the outer die for producing a bead corresponding thereto at the waste piece of the sheet metal blank.

The composite tool is thus adapted to simultaneously use a pressing force applied for forming the sheet metal blank to separate an outer edge of the sheet metal blank as a piece of waste and thus to trim the sheet metal blank. Possibly. The edge of the sheet metal component is also finished, but at least deformed. Thus, in one press stroke, trimming and e.g. an edge bending or folding. Consequently, the first structure and the second structure can not only be set up with the pressing of the die and the punch against each other and also separate an outer edge of the sheet metal blank as a waste piece. Rather, the first structure and the second structure may also be arranged to reshape an edge portion of the sheet metal component on which a separation edge resulting from the separation of the waste piece is formed before or after the separation of the waste piece. In this context, it can be provided in particular that with the pressing of the die and the stamp against each other, the edge portion of the sheet metal component, on which the separating edge is present, bent before separating the waste piece or folded after the separation of the waste piece. In this case, a press on which the composite tool is equipped with the first and second structures is then the sole drive for all tool functions, i. There are no other hydraulic or other actuators used to realize the trimming and finish molding.

In a composite tool according to the invention, at least one follow-up operation in the drawing tool can be integrated via the relatively adjustable inner and outer dies. In this case, at least an external trimming of the sheet metal component is integrated into the drawing stage. This may in particular be a circumferential trimming, thus a complete trimming. It is also conceivable, however, to carry out only a first segment trimming in the drawing tool, which would be possible, for example, in the special case of pulling with open heads. Pulling and trimming are basically done in a continuous stroke of the composite tool. The generated separation or Bleeding edge can both represent the contour of the finished part, as well as in other operations, such as a folding or post-forming, further processed.

The composite tool according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the number of tools for the production of a sheet metal component by at least one operation. The invention is in this case e.g. not limited to body parts for motor vehicles, but also extends to the production of other sheet metal components, in particular sheet metal components made of steel, aluminum or other materials.

The integration of edge trimming of the sheet metal blank is also to be separated from the setting of a relief slot in an internal waste area of the component, e.g. in a window opening. Such a relief cut is raised during forming, which favors the material flow from "inside out". However, this is only a linear cut, i. no trimming operation. There is no waste in this operation, which would have to be removed from the tool. The area of the wound relief cut is cut out only in a downstream operation. Consequently, this is not the integration of a trim operation into the puller.

It is also known to introduce internal relief cuts or holes already when cutting a sheet metal blank. Again, this is not the integration of a trim operation into the drag tool. It is also known that in the drawing tool punches are installed. These serve to cut holes in the waste area of the component, which serve to center the drawn part in the subsequent operation. Again, this is not the integration of a trim operation into the puller, as the proposed solution envisages.

In one embodiment, the composite tool integrates a circumferential outer component truncation in the drawing stage. Further operations may be integrated in possible developments in the drawing stage. These are e.g. to the integration of pulling, cutting and bending or pulling, cutting, folding and stamping. This makes it possible, for example, to realize the entire production sequence of a sheet metal component in the composite tool and in a press stroke converted therewith.

The proposed solution also differs from follow-on composite tools, which are characterized in that the manufacture of the components from a sheet metal strip (from the coil) takes place, which is pushed or pulled stepwise through a sequence of several tool stages. The finished component is only separated from the strip in the last step. Follow-on composite tools usually only produce small to medium-sized, geometrically simple components in large quantities. By contrast, with the proposed solution it is possible for large, complex sheet-metal components to be produced from a sheet-metal sheet blank, e.g. in the form of a single board, can be produced, wherein a forming operation is timed preceded by the component trimming.

The composite tool hereby typically forms a component-specific pressing tool in which a sheet metal blank is formed globally. This is followed by a separation, preferably a shear cutting on the circumference of the three-dimensionally shaped geometry, no laser or water jet cutting in the horizontal plane. In addition, the sheet metal component is not cut out, but a piece of waste cut from the sheet metal blank.

Alternatively or additionally, in one embodiment, the blank holder on the second structure is adjustable relative to the punch in a loading position on the outer die. In the then occupied insertion position of the sheet metal blank is to be arranged with a peripheral portion on the sheet holder. During the subsequent pressing of the die and the punch against each other, the sheet holder is adjustable relative to the punch in a different holding position to the insertion position, in which the separated from the sheet blank waste between the outer die and the blank holder is held. For example, the blank holder is displaced from the loading position under the action of the first structure and in particular of the outer die displaced with the first structure. The waste piece of the sheet metal blank provided between the outer die and the adjustable sheet holder is hereby reshaped as required. In any case, the separated waste piece is held in a defined position at the end of the press stroke by the plate holder which can be adjusted relative to the punch and can be displaced relative to the finished sheet metal component. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the removal of the waste piece from the composite tool.

As already stated above, the proposed composite tool is set up to simultaneously use a pressing force applied to reshape the sheet metal blank and thus also the press stroke to separate the piece of waste and, if necessary, to shape the edge of the sheet metal component. Accordingly, in an embodiment variant, the translucent adjustment of the first structure and the second structure toward one another can then also lead to the sheet metal holder relative to the stamp and / or the inner and outer dies relative to one another be adjusted. The blank holder is thus not power-operated by an additional drive, for example, during the press stroke relative to the punch adjustable, but solely by the pressing force. A relative movement of the plate holder to the stamp is thus caused by the adjustment of the first and second structures toward each other and the thus realized press stroke. An additional (motor) adjustment is not provided for this purpose. The same applies to the alternative or supplementary intended adjustment of inner and outer matrices relative to each other during the pressing.

In one embodiment, a stamp structure is additionally provided on the second structure, which is arranged between the blank holder and an insertion region for a cutting edge of the first structure. By providing an additional stamp construction, for example, the risk of edge throw-off at the separating edge can be reduced. The stamping structure is adjacent to an area of the second structure, the lead-in area, into which a cutting edge of the second blank provided for cutting the sheet metal blank can dip during pressing. In one embodiment variant, the stamp construction against this background is opposite to a hold-down of the first structure. In one variant of the embodiment of the stamp, the stamp construction can be spaced apart from the stamp and at the same time from the sheet metal holder (transversely to the adjustment direction of the sheet metal holder). In an alternative embodiment variant, however, the stamp construction can also be an integral part of the stamp.

In principle, the first structure and the second structure of the composite tool may be arranged to cut off the waste piece by shearing with the pressing of the die and the punch against each other.

In the inventively proposed at least two-part die, in which an inner die and an outer die are adjustable relative to each other, may be formed in a variant for the separation of the waste piece on the outer die a cutting edge or mounted a cutting edge. In the former case, an edge of the outer die adjacent to the inner die forms a cutting edge for the separation of the waste piece. The outer die is here (possibly together with the opposite blank holder) adjusted during the Pressenhubs relative to the inner die. In the other case mentioned above, a separate cutting edge or a cutting blade with such a cutting edge is mounted on the outer die.

In an alternative embodiment variant, a cutting edge (of a cutting knife) is provided on the first structure, relative to which the inner die of the at least two-part die is adjustably mounted on the first structure. In this variant, consequently, during the press stroke and an adjustment of the first structure to the second structure, the inner die is displaced counter to the adjustment direction with respect to the cutting edge, so that the cutting edge separates the scrap piece on further adjustment of the first structure, optionally adjacent to forming the separating edge the inner matrix.

The cutting edge is formed in a variant with a cutting bar (a) simultaneously when pressing the die and the punch against each other acts as a folding edge or (b) during pressing of the die and the punch against each other cooperates with a counter-holder and then as a folding bar against this Counterholder acts. In the latter case, the cutter bar is e.g. for bending an issued and multi-stepped board when pressing the die and the punch against each other.

The first structure and the second structure may be further configured in one embodiment, with the pressing of the dies and the stamp against each other at the edge portion of the sheet metal component to be produced to provide at least one embossing. For this purpose, at least one embossed or stepped shaping surface for the sheet metal blank is provided, for example, on an optionally adjustable counterholder of the first or second structure, so that a corresponding embossing is present at the end of the press stroke on the finished molded edge section during the press stroke and the sheet metal blank inserted as intended in the composite tool. A shaping surface for embossing can be provided, for example, on the first structure on a cutting, bending or stamping strip and / or on the second structure on the stamp.

In a further development, the cutting edge of the first structure, relative to which the inner die is adjustably mounted, may also be formed with a cutting strip which simultaneously acts as a folding edge and as a molding strip for providing the embossment when the die and the punch are pressed To provide a stamped board of the edge portion of the embossment.

Alternatively or additionally, an (embossing) insert can be provided on the first structure by means of which an embossment in the component surface (and thus not on an edge flange), in particular a door grip recess, is introduced during pulling or after completion of the drawing. The integration of a stamping process for the production An embossing in the component surface in the press stroke can facilitate the achievement of a higher surface quality. During the formation of lying in the component surface embossment, eg for a recessed grip, by the (embossing) use the sheet metal blank is still to a certain extent under biaxial tension from the drawing process and to be provided with the embossment component surface is between the punch and the inner die held. This biaxial tensile stress superimposes the stress states that result from the embossing process in and around the embossment and reduces the influence of the different unwinding lengths over the embossment.

In one embodiment, a punch for producing at least one hole on the sheet metal component is provided on the first structure. The punch may in this case be provided for producing the at least one hole on the embossment produced by means of the insert. In a development designed for this purpose, the use is then e.g. mounted adjustably on the first structure, so that the insert after production of the embossment in a first adjustment phase during further pressing of the die and the punch against each other - and thus in a subsequent second Verstellphase - is displaced and the punch produces the at least one hole. Embossing and perforation are thus also represented here by means of the composite tool in a press stroke. In this case, it may be particularly advantageous if the punch is guided in the (stamping) insert and the insert (in the second adjustment phase) assumes the function of a blank holder.

As already explained at the outset, the composite tool can be designed as an overall composite tool and / or can be set up and provided in particular for producing a flat body component for a motor vehicle. An exemplary planar body component is for example a Dachbeplankung. Another flat body component may be, for example, a door panel, in particular a door outer panel of a motor vehicle door.

Another aspect of the proposed solution relates to a method for producing a flat sheet-metal component by means of a press device, which comprises a first structure having a die and a second structure having a die.

In analogy to the proposed composite tool, which may be part of a corresponding pulling device, the proposed method provides that with the pressing of the die and the punch against each other to form the sheet metal component by pulling, also separated an outer edge of the sheet blank as waste and thus within the composite tool, a trimming of the sheet metal blank is also carried out immediately. To pull the sheet metal blank at least one relative to the punch translationally adjustable blank holder is used, on which an outer edge of the sheet metal blank to be drawn is held. The method uses an at least two-part die having an inner die and an outer die in which the inner die and the outer die on the first structure are adjustable relative to one another. The outer die and the relative to the punch translationally adjustable blank holder are opposite to each other, the outer die and the blank holder between them hold when pressing the two-part die and the punch against each other the waste piece, which with the pressing of the die and the punch against each other on the outer edge of the drawn sheet blank is separated.

Here, too, both a forming and a trimming is consequently implemented in a press stroke, the trimming being realized mechanically by means of the parts of the press device which are displaced relative to one another during pressing, without these having to be adjusted by means of their own adjusting drive.

For example, a preforming is additionally provided in that, by pressing the die and the punch against each other, the edge portion of the sheet metal component on which there is a separating edge resulting from separation of the piece of waste is bent prior to separation of the piece of waste or folded after separation of the piece of waste.

In a proposed manufacturing method, a composite tool according to the invention may be used, in particular equipped. The press equipped with the compound tool then drives the composite tool. Advantages and features explained above and below for design variants of a composite tool thus also apply to variants of a proposed production method and vice versa.

The attached figures illustrate by way of example possible embodiments of the proposed solution.

• 1 eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines Verbundwerkzeugs mit zweiteiliger Matrize, wobei eine innere und eine äußere Matrize des Verbundwerkzeugs relativ zueinander verstellbar gelagert sind und an einer äußeren Matrize eine Schneidkante für das Abtrennen eines Abfallstücks von einem Blechrohling ausgebildet ist;
• 1A ausschnittsweise eine vergrößerte Darstellung im Bereich der inneren und äußeren Matrizen des Verbundwerkzeuges der 1 an der Schneidkante der äußeren Matrize;
• 2A-2F verschiedene Phasen eines Herstellungsprozesses eines Blechbauteils, hier z.B. in Form eines Karosseriebauteils, unter Nutzung des Verbundwerkzeuges der 1 und 1A;
• 3 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines Verbundwerkzeugs mit einem an die äußere Matrize montierten Schneide eines Schneidmessers;
• 4A-4E verschiedene Phasen eines Herstellungsprozesses eines Karosseriebauteils unter Nutzung des Verbundwerkzeuges der 3;
• 5 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines Verbundwerkzeuges mit innerer und äußerer Matrize sowie separater Schneide und einer Stempelankonstruktion;
• 6A-6G verschiedene Phasen eines Herstellungsprozesses eines Karosseriebauteils unter Nutzung des Verbundwerkzeugs der 5;
• 7 in vergrößertem Maßstab eine Weiterbildung der Ausführungsvariante der 5 und 6A bis 6G mit einem hinterschnittigen Stempel;
• 8 ausschnittsweise ein herzustellendes Blechbauteil in Form eines Karosserieteils mit einem zungenartig vorstehenden Flansch im Bereich des fertiggeformten Randabschnitts;
• 9 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines herzustellenden Karosseriebauteils mit einem verprägten Bord an dem fertiggeformten Randabschnitt;
• 10A eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines Verbundwerkzeugs mit separater Schneide, die zwei unter einem Winkel zueinander verlaufende Schneidenabschnitte aufweist;
• 10B in vergrößertem Maßstab mit Blick auf den Stempel des Verbundwerkzeuges der 10A eine mögliche Weiterbildung zur Herstellung eines verprägten Bords an dem Karosserieteil entsprechend der 9;
• 11 in vergrößertem Maßstab mit Blick auf den Stempel des Verbundwerkzeuges eine mögliche Weiterbildung zur Herstellung eines mehrfach gestuften Bords;
• 12 eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines Verbundwerkzeugs mit einem Einsatz zur Herstellung einer muldenförmigen Verprägung in der Bauteilfläche eines herzustellenden Karosseriebauteils im Pressenhub und mit einem in dem Einsatz geführten Lochstempel für die Herstellung eines Lochs in der muldenförmigen Verprägung;
• 13A - 13G verschiedene Phasen eines Herstellungsprozesses eines Karosseriebauteils unter Nutzung des Verbundwerkzeugs der 12;
• 14 schematisch eine Weiterbildung eines Verbundwerkzeugs der 5 mit in den Stempel integrierter Stempelankonstruktion, die für die Herstellung des Karosseriebauteils mit einem Niederhalter zusammenwirkt;
• 15A ein herzustellendes flächiges Blechbauteil in Form einer Dachbeplankung für ein Kraftfahrzeug;
• 15B ein herzustellendes flächiges Blechbauteil in Form eines Türaußenblechs für eine Kraftfahrzeugtür;
• 16A-16B schematisch aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Folgen für das Ziehen, Beschneiden und Abkanten an einem Karosseriebauteil;
• 17A-17C in unterschiedlichen Phasen eine übliche Kombination aus Beschneiden und Abkanten an einem zuvor in einem separaten Ziehwerkzeug gezogenen Karosseriebauteils.

Hereby show:

• 1 a first embodiment of a composite tool with two-part die, wherein an inner and an outer die of the composite tool are mounted relative to each other adjustable and to an outer die a cutting edge is formed for separating a waste piece from a sheet metal blank;
• 1A a detail of an enlarged view in the area of the inner and outer matrices of the composite tool of 1 at the cutting edge of the outer die;
• 2A-2F different phases of a manufacturing process of a sheet metal component, here for example in the form of a body component, using the composite tool of 1 and 1A ;
• 3 a further embodiment of a composite tool with a mounted on the outer die cutting edge of a cutting blade;
• 4A-4E different phases of a manufacturing process of a body component using the composite tool of 3 ;
• 5 a further embodiment of a composite tool with inner and outer die and separate cutting edge and a Stempelankonstruktion;
• 6A-6G different phases of a manufacturing process of a body component using the composite tool of 5 ;
• 7 on an enlarged scale, a development of the embodiment of the 5 and 6A to 6G with an undercut stamp;
• 8th a section to be produced sheet metal component in the form of a body part with a tongue-like projecting flange in the region of the finished molded edge portion;
• 9 a further embodiment of a manufactured body component with a embossed board on the finished molded edge portion;
• 10A a further embodiment of a composite tool with a separate cutting edge, which has two mutually at an angle extending cutting sections;
• 10B on an enlarged scale with a view to the stamp of the composite tool 10A a possible development for producing a embossed board on the body part according to the 9 ;
• 11 on an enlarged scale with a view to the punch of the composite tool a possible development for the production of a multi-stepped board;
• 12 a further embodiment of a composite tool with an insert for producing a trough-shaped embossment in the component surface of a manufactured body component in the press stroke and with a punch guided in the insert for the production of a hole in the trough-shaped embossment;
• 13A - 13G different phases of a manufacturing process of a body component using the composite tool of 12 ;
• 14 schematically a development of a composite tool of 5 with integrated in the stamp stamp design, which cooperates for the production of the body part with a hold-down;
• 15A a flat sheet-metal component to be produced in the form of a roof paneling for a motor vehicle;
• 15B a flat sheet-metal component to be produced in the form of a door outer panel for a motor vehicle door;
• 16A-16B schematically known from the prior art sequences for pulling, trimming and folding on a body component;
• 17A-17C in different phases a conventional combination of trimming and folding on a previously drawn in a separate drawing tool body component.

The 15A shows a body part K in the form of a car roof paneling with a circumferential bevelled board. The 15B shows a body part K in the form of a door outer panel for a motor vehicle door with a recessed grip M in holes formed therein L1 and L2 for the attachment of a door handle. details A and B in the 15B show on average the design of the different edges of the door outer panel including the flanges. The conventional sequence of operations in the manufacture of such sheet metal components of 15 and 15B consists of drawing, cutting and folding in three tools and, if necessary, in addition - in the case of the door outer panel - from embossing and punching. All Beschknkantenbereiche are more or less perpendicular to the working direction of the press device to be used. The bevelled areas are free of undercuts.

With the 1 to 14 Different variants are illustrated to make a the flat body part K or a modified body part K from a (blank) blank K 'in the form of a flat single board manufacture.

The variants of 1 . 1A , and 2A to 2F on the one hand and the 3 and 4A to 4E on the other hand, hitting and trimming in a (composite) composite tool W in front. The folding is done in a separate tool.

The variant of 5 and 6A to 6G proposes pulling, complete trimming and circumferential folding in a further developed (total) compound tool W before, ie the entire manufacturing process of the body component K takes place in the compound tool W , A possible further education aims at slightly different component geometries with flanges flared KF according to the 8th from. It includes drawing, complete trimming, folding and reshaping in one tool. In this case, the post-forming refers to the setting of the flange angle in the closed tool, whereby a targeted compensation of the elastic Winkelfederfederungen when opening the tool is achieved.

The variant of 10A and 10B suggests pulling, complete trimming, folding and stamping in a compound tool W before, flared flange areas KF Error Coins P have (see. 9 ). The embossing operation can be used simultaneously to set the flange angle (spring deflection compensation).

The 11 illustrates the production of multi-stepped shelves by means of the composite tool W ,

One in the 12 and 13A to 13G illustrated composite tool W and thus implemented method provides pulling, complete trimming, folding, embossing and punching, for example, for the production of a door outer panel of 15B , Bending is done here on straight and flared flanges. Embossing takes place in the component surface; may alternatively or additionally but (also) take place in the region of the flange.

In the variant of 1 . 1A and FIGS. 2A to 2F comprise the composite tool W a superstructure O with a multi-part die 1 and a substructure U with a stamp 2 and an adjustable sheet holder 3 , The composite tool W is in the present case equipped with a press, the upper structure O on a (press) ram 7 the press and the substructure U at a (press) table 6 the press are attached. The present two-part template 1 has an inner matrix 1A and an outer die 1B on. The inner and outer dies 1A . 1B are movable relative to each other. The outer matrix 1B encloses the inner matrix 1A at least in certain areas.

The inner matrix 1A and the outer die 1B are at a shell 5 the upper structure O over (upper air) bolt Bo adjustable. These bolts Bo protrude through through holes 50 of the top 5 and aligned through holes 70 a pestle 7 the press above the top 5 is arranged and on which the upper part 5 is fixed. In the area of the outer die 1B is at the top 5 at least one spacer Z intended. About this spacer Z can the shell 5 on the outer die 1B at a press stroke along an adjustment Vu act and an adjustment of the inner and outer matrices 1A . 1B cause relative to each other.

The inner matrix 1A is the stamp 2 the substructure U opposite, immovable on a lower part 4 the substructure U is fixed. The lower part 4 rest on the table 6 the press The stamp 2 forms a stamp surface 20 out. This stamp area 20 lies a die surface 10A the inner matrix 1A opposite and defined together with the die surface 10A a gap R between the stamp 2 and the inner matrix 1A , In this space R the blank K 'must be inserted, in order then from this in a press stroke the body component K form and crop.

Adjacent to the outer die 1B forms the inner matrix 1A at the edge a bend 11A out. This bend 11A stands in the direction of the stamp 2 before and corresponds to a marginal recess 21 on the stamp 2 , When pressing the die 1 and the stamp 2 to each other about the approach of the upper structure O to the substructure U gets over the bend 11A the inner matrix 1A and the recess 21 of the stamp 2 a bent edge section ka on the bodywork component K educated.

This edge section ka arises at a separating edge, at which a piece of waste A is separated from the blank K 'by shearing. For this purpose forms the outer die 1B a cutting edge 11B out and works with a metal holder 3 the substructure U together. The sheet holder 3 is translationally adjustable on the substructure U stored and forms a sheet holder surface 30 from, on which the piece of waste to be separated A of the blank K 'is hung up. Between this sheet holder surface 30 and an opposite die surface 10B the outer die 1B becomes the waste piece A pressed in and held securely.

For fixing the waste piece A in particular, while separating it from the remainder of the blank K 'form the blank holder 3 and the outer die 1B Positive connection region in the form of a groove-like depression 32 and a projection 12B out.

The press stroke and thus the processing of the (blank) blank K 'takes place on the illustrated composite tool W in 8 phases, based on the 2A to 2F are illustrated.

First, the composite tool W opened, ie, the gap R is accessible and the sheet metal holder 3 is in a raised loading position towards the outer die 1B adjusted. The adjustment of the sheet metal holder 3 along an adjustment direction Vo This is about (underair) bolt Bu controlled. Is the blank holder 3 in its loading or starting position is the blank holder surface 30 approximately at the level of the highest point of the stamp surface 20 , The inner matrix 1A and the outer die 1B controlled by the (upper air) bolts Bo have moved back so far that blank K 'can be inserted and on the blank holder surface 30 comes to rest ( 2A ).

Then drive the inner die 1A and the outer die 1B together with the top 5 down. This leaves a surface 110A at the outmost projecting end of the bending web 11A offset at one level with the die surface 10B the outer matrix (cf. 1A ). About the interlocking areas 12B and 32 on the outer die 1B and the sheet holder 3 Pulling or locking beads or clamping stages for material flow control on the blank K 'are formed. The later piece of rubbish A comprehensive edge of the blank K 'is between the blank holder surface 30 and the die surface 10B the outer die 1B clamped ( 2 B ).

The through the bolts Bo defined force of the upper air cushion (push rod cushion) is greater than that through the bolts Bu defined force of the under air cushion (table-pull cushion). As a result, the outer die displaces 1B as the stroke progresses, that is, as the upper structure approaches O along the adjustment direction Vu to the substructure U , the under air cushion. The drawing process begins. The blank K 'spans over the stamp 2 , The surfaces remain 110A and 10B the inner and outer matrices 1A . 1B continue at the same level as they bolt over the series Bo each support against the common upper air cushion ( 2C ).

Sits the inner matrix 1A on the stamp 2 on, is the body component K formed and completed the drawing process. As the press stroke progresses, the upper air plugs become Bo over the inner matrix 1A in the (press) ram 7 repressed. At the same time the upper air bolts drive Bo behind the outer die 1B empty back. The inner matrix 1A , the outer die 1B and the sheet holder 3 come to a temporary halt until the outer die 1B on the at least one spacer Z seated ( 2D ).

If the press stroke progresses continuously, the inner matrix stands 1A continue to stand still while the inner matrix 1A the upper airbolt attacking it Bo further displaced. The outer matrix 1B in contrast, is supported by the at least one spacer Z against the top 5 and the press ram 7 from. This moves the outer die 1B under displacement of the sheet holder 7 further down in the adjustment direction Vu , relative to the inner die 1A , Thus, for the first time, there is a relative movement between inner and outer matrix 1A . 1B , The cutting process begins.

The inner matrix 1A fixes the bodywork component K on the stamp 2 and thereby assumes the function of a cutting holder. The Stamp 2 now has the function of a cutting attachment. The cutting edge 11B the outer die 1B assumes the function of a cutting knife. The cutting edge 11B dives shearing into the sheet material until it breaks through. A cutting gap s This is determined by a horizontal offset between the stamp 2 and outer die 1B ( 1B ). The cutting process is complete. One through the piece of rubbish A defined drawing edge is from the bodywork component K separated ( 2E ).

After reaching bottom dead center, the upper structure moves O with the press ram 7 and the top 5 upwards (in adjustment direction Vo ) and takes the inner and outer die 1A . 1B With. It is immaterial whether the upper air is pressurized or depressurized in this phase. Now you can use the body part K and the piece of rubbish A be removed. This can be done simultaneously or sequentially, manually or mechanized, for example by robotic suction spiders. An advantage for the removal is that the cut piece of waste comes to lie at a level below the separating edge of the body component (see. 2E ).

Preferably, the under-air moves with the blank holder 3 only after removal of the body component K and the waste piece A back up to a collision of the scrap with the bodywork component K to prevent. After reaching the insertion position (starting position) of the sheet metal holder 3 a new blank K 'can be inserted in the form of a single planar board.

• - Stempel 2 und Blechhalter 3 in der Oberstruktur O und innere und äußere Matrize 1A, 1B in der Unterstruktur U angeordnet sind,
• - anstatt von Ober- und/oder Unterluft (gesteuerte) Gasdruckfedern oder andere geeignete Federelemente eingesetzt werden, und/oder
• - abweichend vom dargestellten Ablauf nicht der Stempel 2 stillsteht, sondern ein beliebiges anderes Werkzeugelement des Verbundwerkzeugs W, während sich die anderen Werkzeugelemente entsprechend relativ dazu bewegen, unabhängig von der dazu erforderlichen werkzeug- oder pressenseitigen Antriebstechnik.

The above-explained procedure can be varied in deviation from the attached figures, for example, to the effect that

• - stamp 2 and tin holder 3 in the upper structure O and inner and outer dies 1A . 1B in the substructure U are arranged
• - be used instead of upper and / or lower air (controlled) gas springs or other suitable spring elements, and / or
• - Notwithstanding the procedure shown, not the stamp 2 stands still, but any other tool element of the composite tool W while the other tool elements move relative thereto, regardless of the required tool or press-side drive technology.

1. 1. Insbesondere bei flächigen Außenhautteilen, wie PKW-Dächern, kann es erforderlich sein, dem (Zieh-) Stempel einen sogenannten Anbau zuzufügen. Der Anbau am seitlichen Rand des Stempels 2 ist vorliegend einstückig mit dem Stempel 2 ausgebildet und definiert an der Ansparung 21 zwei zueinander versetzte Stufen 21a und 21b. Der Anbau ermöglicht derart eine vergrößerte Ziehtiefe und eine offene Gestaltung der Zarge. Dadurch wird eine verbesserte Ausreckung des Karosseriebauteils K bis in seine Mitte hinein erzielt. Wird ein solcher Anbau eingesetzt, erfolgt der Beschnitt nicht in der Trennebene von Stempel 2 und Blechhalter 3 wie in der Variante der 1, 1A und 2A bis 2F, sondern auf der durch den Anbau definierten und seitlich gegenüber der inneren Matrize 1A vorstehenden Stufe 21b. Der Anbau fungiert gleichzeitig als Beschnittbank.
2. 2. Die äußere Matrize 1B ist fest mit dem Oberteil 5 verbunden und damit hieran nicht verstellbar gelagert. Die innere Matrize 1A stützt sich über Gasdruckfedern Go oder andere Federelemente gegen das Oberteil 5. Nach Abschluss des Ziehvorgangs werden die Federelemente, hier in Form der Gasdruckfedern Go, verdrängt. Eine Variante mit Gasdruckfedern Go ist dabei z.B. besonders geeignet für den Einsatz auf Pressen, die über keine Oberluft verfügen.
3. 3. Das eigentliche Schneidelement ist als separate Schneide 9 in Form einer Schneidleiste ausgeführt, hier mit Freiwinkeln dargestellt. Anstelle der Schneidkante 11B ist an der äußeren Matrize 1B eine Rundung 13B vorgesehen. Die Schneide 9 ist an einer als Montagehalterung fungierenden Aussparung 19B der äußeren Matrize 1B montiert. Das Vorsehen einer separaten Schneide 9 ermöglicht eine einfachere Anpassung des Schneidspalts und des Schneidüberlaufs, sowie eine gesonderte Werkstoffwahl, Bearbeitung, Wärmebehandlung oder Beschichtung der schneidenden Elemente im Vergleich zur Ausbildung der Schneide an äußeren Matrize 1B. Durch entsprechende Gestaltung der Schneidleisten kann statt dem vollkantigen Schneiden ein schälendes Schneiden erfolgen. Dadurch werden die Schneidkräfte und der Schnittschlag beim Durchbrechen deutlich reduziert. Selbstredend kann auch der Stempel 2 mit einer Schneide, insbesondere in Form von Schneidleisten, ausgestattet und/oder mit einem Freiwinkel versehen sein.
4. 4. In dieser Ausführung kann das Schneidmesser 9 im Übrigen auch bis zum Ende des Ziehens gegenüber der inneren Matrize 1A zurückstehen, ohne das Ziehergebnis zu beeinträchtigen.

The 3 and 4A to 4E show a further embodiment of the composite tool W , The procedure is in principle with those of the embodiment of 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F identical. The variant of 3 and 4A to 4E differs from the previously explained variant essentially in the following points:

1. 1. Especially with flat outer skin parts, such as car roofs, it may be necessary to add a so-called cultivation to the (drawing) stamp. The attachment to the side edge of the stamp 2 is present in one piece with the stamp 2 trained and defined at the savings 21 two staggered steps 21a and 21b , The attachment allows such an enlarged drawing depth and an open design of the frame. This results in an improved extension of the body component K achieved to the middle. If such an attachment is used, the trimming does not take place in the parting plane of the punch 2 and tin holder 3 as in the variant of 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F but on the surface defined by the attachment and laterally opposite the inner die 1A above stage 21b , The extension also acts as a trimming bench.
2. 2. The outer die 1B is fixed to the top 5 connected and thus not stored adjustable. The inner matrix 1A is supported by gas pressure springs Go or other spring elements against the upper part 5 , After completion of the drawing process, the spring elements, here in the form of gas springs Go , repressed. A variant with gas springs Go For example, it is particularly suitable for use on presses that have no upper air.
3. 3. The actual cutting element is as a separate cutting edge 9 executed in the form of a cutting bar, shown here with clearance angles. Instead of the cutting edge 11B is on the outer die 1B a rounding 13B intended. The cutting edge 9 is on a recess acting as a mounting bracket 19B the outer die 1B assembled. The provision of a separate cutting edge 9 allows a simpler adjustment of the cutting gap and the cutting overflow, as well as a separate choice of material, processing, heat treatment or coating of the cutting elements in comparison to the formation of the cutting edge on outer die 1B , By appropriate design of the cutting strips can be done instead of the full-edged cutting a peeling cutting. As a result, the cutting forces and the cutting impact when breaking through are significantly reduced. Needless to say, the stamp can also be used 2 with a cutting edge, in particular in the form of cutting strips, equipped and / or be provided with a clearance angle.
4. 4. In this embodiment, the cutting blade 9 moreover, until the end of the drawing against the inner die 1A stand back without affecting the pulling result.

• - ebenfalls mit Schneidleisten bestückt sein, und/oder
• - Gasdruckfedern anstatt Tischkissenbolzen verwenden, und/oder
• - Federelementen anstatt Oberluftbolzen verwenden, und/oder
• - Freiwinkel an der Schneidkante 11B und/oder Stempel 2 aufweisen

The variants of the 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F and the 3 and 4A to 4E can also be combined with each other. So can a composite tool W according to variant of 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F

• - Also be equipped with cutting strips, and / or
• - Use gas pressure springs instead of table cushion bolts, and / or
• - Use spring elements instead of top air bolts, and / or
• - Clearance angle at the cutting edge 11B and / or stamp 2 exhibit

The variants of 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F and the 3 and 4A to 4E show the component production with the board attached. The tightening of the board is required to ensure the positioning of the drawn and trimmed bodywork component K to ensure during insertion into the subsequent bending tool. In this case, however, the risk of a so-called Kantenaufwurfs exist. The Kantenaufwurf represents a surface defect of the component along the Abkantlinie, which is particularly visible on the painted vehicle and therefore can not be tolerated.

• - Auch das Abkanten wird in das Verbundwerkzeug W integriert. Es werden gegenüber der konventionellen Fertigungsfolge der Dachbeplankung zwei Werkzeuge eingespart.
• - Auf das Anziehen des Bords als Positionierhilfe für ein separates Abkantwerkzeug kann dadurch verzichtet werden. Das Risiko des Kantenaufwurfs entfällt.
• - Der schlanke nasenartig vorstehende Biegesteg 11A an der inneren Matrize 1A zum Anziehen des Bords entfällt. Das Verbundwerkzeug W wird dadurch robuster.
• - Es kann ein Niederhalter 1C an der Oberstruktur O eingesetzt werden, wenn dies vorteilhaft für den Prozess des Schneidens ist.
• - Es kann ein Gegenhalter 8 an der Unterstruktur U eingesetzt werden, wenn dies vorteilhaft für den Prozess des Abkantens ist.
• - Der Abstand zwischen Karosseriebauteil K und Abfallstück A am Ende des Pressenhubs ist größer als bei den Varianten der 1, 1A und 2A bis 2F und der 3 und 4A bis 4E, was eine kontrollierte Entnahme und Separierung von Karosseriebauteil K und Abfallstück A erleichtert.

This danger is with the variant of 5 and 6A to 6G avoided. With this variant the following can be reached:

• - The folding is also in the composite tool W integrated. There are two tools saved compared to the conventional production sequence of Dachbeplankung.
• - Can be dispensed with the tightening of the board as a positioning aid for a separate Abkantwerkzeug. The risk of Kantenaufwurfs deleted.
• - The slender nose-like bending bridge 11A on the inner matrix 1A to put on the board is eliminated. The composite tool W This makes it more robust.
• - It can be a hold-down 1C at the upper structure O used, if this is advantageous for the process of cutting.
• - It can be a backstop 8th at the substructure U used, if this is advantageous for the process of Abkantens.
• - The distance between body component K and waste A At the end of the press stroke is greater than in the variants of 1 . 1A and 2A to 2F and the 3 and 4A to 4E What a controlled removal and separation of body component K and waste A facilitated.

The procedure for the production of the body component K is divided into seven phases, represented by a toolholder with counterholder 8th and hold down 1C according to the 6A to 6G , These two elements are not mandatory, but can improve the quality and process reliability depending on the component. In the present case is the counterpart 8th via a spring element in the form of a gas spring Gu on the lower part 4 supported and towards the shell 5 biased. The counterpart 8th is the cutting edge 9 the upper structure O opposite and is between the stamp 2 and a stamp construction 2 B arranged. The stamp construction 2 B is between the plate holder 3 and an insertion area e for the cutting edge 9 the first structure O arranged. The hold down 1C is again the stamp construction 2 B arranged opposite and located between the cutting edge 9 and the outer die 1B ,

First, the composite tool W open. The inner matrix 1A and the hold-down 1C rely on the extended bolt Bo from the plunger cushion. The counterpart 8th and the sheet holder 3 are each in a raised insertion or starting position. The blank K 'is inserted ( 6A ).

The pestle 7 with the shell 5 goes down. The outer matrix 1B sits on the tin holder 3 on. The beads on the waste piece A are formed and the board edge of the blank K 'between blank holder 3 and outer die 1B clamped ( 6B ).

In the further downward movement, the sheet is over the punch 2 tense and transformed. The drawing process is complete when the inner die 1A and the hold-down 1C on the sheet metal or the bodywork component K seated. An area of the waste piece A then lies on a clamping surface 20B the stamp construction 2 B up and is between the hold down 1C and the stamp construction 2 B clamped while a nearer area of the waste piece A between the outer die 1B and the sheet holder 3 is fixed ( 6C ).

Optionally, the under-air can be depressurized. The free lowering of the sheet metal holder 3 releases the bead. This allows the body component K to spring back elastically by a certain amount. As a result, the body component K under reduced tension, which may have a positive effect on its quality and dimensional stability.

While the press ram 7 and thus the upper structure O with the shell 5 further lowers, displace the inner matrix 1A and the hold-down 1C the plunger pillow. The cutting edge 9 of the cutting blade comes to engage with the blank K 'and performs the trimming. Notwithstanding the simplified representation may stamp construction 2 B and cutting edge 9 be provided with clearance angles for cutting. The board is first bent freely by a certain angle, until the backstop 8th begins to work. From here, the cutting blade acts with the cutting edge 9 as a bending bar. For this, the cutting knife is at his the punch 2 facing edge preferably provided with a radius (not shown). At the same time the sheet metal holder 3 continuously pushed against the table cushion ( 6D ).

In the further course, the cutting knife sets with the cutting edge 9 on the counter-holder 8th the substructure U on. The body part K is between cutting edge 9 and counterholds 8th clamped under pressure. In the further downward movement, the sheet metal of the body part K between these two elements 8th . 9 pulled out in a controlled manner and successively transformed into a board. At the same time, the upper and lower air are further displaced. Through the continued movement of blank holder 3 and outer die 1B The waste piece is pulled further outward and spatially from the body part K separated. Will not be an opponent 8th used, in this phase a free bending of the board ( 6E ).

Reach the compound tool W its bottom dead center and are thus the upper structure O and the substructure U along the adjustment direction Vu approximating each other to the maximum, is the composite tool W completely closed. The board is fully formed ( 6F ).

Afterwards the upper structure drives O along the opposite direction of adjustment Vo in their starting position. Successively, the cutting blade with the cutting edge 9 withdrawn. The inner matrix 1A and the hold-down 1C give the body component K free. The body component K and the piece of rubbish A can be removed. Advantageously, the blank holder remains 3 first even in its lower position, ie in the illustrated construction, the sub-air moves until a delayed high. This allows the piece of waste A from its stable position on the blank holder 3 and the stamp construction 2 B be grasped. Also the counterpart 8th should be started up with a delay until the board is deformed. This is in the illustrated construction with a controlled gas spring Gu realized ( 6G ).

In a possible development of the composite tool W in the 7 is shown, the punch points 2 in the area of the folded section ka the body component K (which forms the folded board) a defined undercut angle α on. A side wall 22 of the stamp 2 thus jumps here with respect to the inner die 1A around the undercut angle α back. In conjunction with appropriate design of the punch edge radius and the inner die 1A and a precise incorporation of the pressure conditions in the composite tool W a targeted overbending of the board can be achieved in a closed tool. After the elastic springing when opening the compound tool W the board then takes the required angular position.

In the enlarged view of the 7 is also opposite to the horizontal by an angle β inclined holder surface 80 of the counterpart 8th illustrated. The inclined holding surface 80 supports the controlled pulling out of the body part K between the counterpart 8th and the cutting edge 9 ,

A further embodiment relates to the production of sheet metal components with a flanged to the folded board at least partially adjoining and tongue-shaped flange KF , for example, fulfills the function of a joining flange and extends predominantly perpendicular to the working direction of the press. A corresponding body part K is exemplary in the 8th shown.

In the production of such a body part K comes in principle a composite tool W according to the variant of 5 and 6A to 6G used, with a counterhold here 8th is mandatory. Because the designed board length in the areas of the additional flange KF is larger overall, the trimming continues on the outside. The cutting knife with the cutting edge 9 and the counterpart 8th are made wider by the appropriate measure. The counterpart 8th sets at bottom dead center preferably on at least one rigid spacer, the stroke of the counter-holder down (in the adjustment Vu ) limited. In contrast to the variant of 5 and 6A to 6G the stroke is already ended when between cutting edge 9 and counterholds 8th nor such a measure sheet is as the width of the flange KF equivalent.

It is also important here that the cutting edge 9 and the counterpart 8th a positive or negative angle β to the horizontal (see also 7 ). This angle β serves to flanges KF to form a corresponding location in the composite tool W exhibit. Preferably, the angle β dimensioned so that it provides the elastic resilience of the flange when opening the composite tool W compensated by targeted overbending.

Often have Fügeflansche on a sheet metal component additional gradations or stampings P or the like, as in 9 is shown by way of example. To these stampings P an embossing operation is required. This can be done with a design variant of the composite tool W be realized, as in the 10A and 10B is shown. The cutting knife takes over with the cutting edge 9 and their cutting bar also the function of a bending bar and finally a mold bar for embossing.

In this variant, first a pulling and trimming takes place according to the variant of 5 and 6A to 6G , The hold down 1C the upper structure O is again optional. In the process of chipping the material flow is preferably by a counter-holder 8th controlled to ensure flawless shaping. The composite tool W and the herewith to be realized manufacturing process are tuned so that the trimming or cutting edge of the sheet just before reaching bottom dead center the counter-holder 8th leaves. The stamp outline thus largely corresponds to the contour of the finished body part K ,

Deviating from the variant of 5 and 6A to 6G Show the stamp 2 and the cutting edge 9 opposing and mutually complementary molding surfaces, the geometry of the issued board on the body part K correspond. Accordingly, it has a first cutting portion 90a opposite mold surface 210 the recess 21 on the stamp 2 Stages for producing the stampings P on. By contrast, the holder surface 80 of the counterpart 8th as well as this holder surface 80 opposite, complementary surface of a second cutting portion 90b at an obtuse angle to the surface of the first cutting portion 90a runs as far as possible ( 10B ). Has the sheet metal of the body part K the counterpart 8th leave, it now lies between the (form) surfaces of the stamp 2 and the cutting edge 9 , On a remaining stroke to bottom dead center, the only the height of the stampings P or little more, the shaping of the stampings takes place P ,

The area between the cutting edge 9 and the stamp 2 is again in an advantageous manner by the angle β (see. 7 ) to the horizontal hired to form corresponding layers of issued board or bring targeted overbends.

As in the sectional view of 11 is shown, is also the production of multi-stepped shelves with a composite tool W possible. In a further development according to 11 For this purpose, for example, adjacent cutting sections 90a . 90b the cutting edge 9 stepped, so that a cutting section 90b opposite the other cutting portion 90a in adjustment Vu protrudes. The cutting edge 9 opposite counterholds 8th has accordingly one to the cutting sections 90a . 90b complementarily stepped holder surface 80 off, so one between the cutting edge 9 and the counterpart 8th At the end of the press stroke shaped board is repeatedly stepped.

One with the 12 and 13A to 13G illustrated variant of a composite tool W is based on the variant of the 5 and 6A to 6G and sees during the cutting and Abkantens in the edge region, the formation of a trough-shaped embossment in the component surface by means of a (embossing) insert 16 at the upper structure O in front. The use 16 is here - relative to the inner die 1A - Elastic adjustable on the upper part 5 stored. The elastic bearing is over several spring element F1 . F2 realized over which the use 16 at the top 5 supported. The production of the embossment on the body part - here, for example in the form of a recessed grip M corresponding to the 15B - is also realized in the press stroke and without additional adjustment drives. The use 16 this is one in the stamp area 20 Trained embossment 201 of the stamp 2 across from. In this Prägemulde 201 can the use 16 when pressing the inner die 1A and the stamp 2 dive into each other.

To after the formation of the trough-shaped embossment M on the sheet metal blank K 'in a first adjustment phase in the stamping M another hole L1 to bring in is at the stake 16 a rigid at the top 5 fixed punch 17 guided. This is how the mission works 16 after the formation of the embossing M with further adjustment of the upper part 5 in adjustment Vu and thus in a further, second adjustment phase against the spring elements F1 . F2 in the upper part 5 repressed. The punch 17 comes into engagement and punctures the body component during further adjustment K , where the use 16 assumes the function of a hold-down. Perforated hole drop resulting from perforation LA is about an opening in the Prägemulde 201 discarded, in which the punch 17 dips and into a scrap channel 2010 empties.

Usually it does not make sense, stampings in the type of recessed grip M in a drawing stage by means of a correspondingly contoured die and a correspondingly contoured punch to bring. Unrest, ripples, edges, flat or sink marks on or around the recessed grip M , which represent intolerable surface defects of the body part, are often the result. Therefore, such stampings are often formed in subsequent operations with different hold-down and mold inserts.

The proposed performance variant of 12 and 13 to 13G facilitates the achievement of a component surface high quality, since during the formation of the recessed grip M because of the engagement 16 the sheet metal blank K 'is still under biaxial tension from the pull and between the punch 2 and the inner matrix 1A is held. This tension superimposes the stress states caused by the embossing process in and around the recessed grip M arise and reduce the influence of different settlement lengths on the recessed grip M ,

Contrary to the presentation in the 12 and 13A to 13G For different component geometries holes can also be introduced independently of a stamping function by the punch 17 in the inner matrix 1A is guided. Here then takes over the inner die 1A in the second adjustment phase for the perforation the function of a hold-down. Incidentally, it is readily apparent that due to the support of the inner die 1A against the (upper air) bolts Bo also embossing and / or punching deviating from the working direction of the press is possible if appropriate drives are provided for the embossing and / or cutting elements.

The 14 further illustrates schematically a further development of a composite tool W of the 5 with in the stamp 2 integrated stamping construction 2 B , The stamp construction 2 B This is just about the insertion area e for the cutting edge 9 from the stamp area 20 of the stamp 2 that with the inner die 1A interacts, separately. The one with the separate hold down 1C of the top 5 cooperating stamp construction 2 B is thus not here as in the previously discussed variants spatially of the stamp 2 separated, but a part of the stamp 2 , An integration of stamp design 2 B in the stamp 2 is of course also possible in the previously described embodiments.

• - Durch die Reduzierung der Gesamtzahl der zur Fertigung eines Bauteils erforderlichen Werkzeuge bzw. Werkzeugstufen kann eine Reduzierung der Betriebsmittelkosten sowie der Entwicklungs- und Beschaffungszeiten erzielt werden.
• - Durch die Verkürzung der Prozessketten können vorhandene Pressen(linien) effizienter ausgelastet, Rüst- und Wartungskosten minimiert werden.
• - Treten Änderungen am Bauteil (z.B. durch den Bauteilentwickler) auf oder sind am Werkzeug (z.B. zur Kompensation von Rückfederungserscheinungen) erforderlich, sind weniger Werkzeugwirkflächen zu überarbeiten. Im Gegensatz zur Überarbeitung ganzer Werkzeugsätze können hierdurch Zeit und Kosten gespart werden.
• - Durch die Reduzierung von Handlings-Operationen zwischen einzelnen Werkzeugen wird die Gefahr verringert, das Bauteil dabei zu deformieren, zu verkratzen oder anderweitig zu beschädigen.
• - Durch die Verkürzung der Prozesskette verringert sich die Gefahr, dass Flitter, Staub, Oxid- oder andere Partikel in Folgewerkzeuge verschleppt werden, wo sie zu Beschädigungen der Oberfläche führen. Selbiges gilt für Abdrückungen, die beim Schließen der Werkzeuge auf der Bauteiloberfläche entstehen können. Durch Integration aller Bearbeitungsschritte in einem Verbundwerkzeug werden diese Gefahren gänzlich eliminiert.
• - Durch die Reduzierung der Werkzeugstufen wird die Gefahr verringert bzw. eliminiert, dass beim Schließen des Folgewerkzeugs eine Deformation des Bauteils auftritt, infolge z.B. von nicht prozesssicher kompensierter Rückfederung aus dem voranstehenden Werkzeug.
• - Insbesondere bei flachen, schwach konturierten Bauteilen ohne Löcher besteht nach dem Stand der Technik das Problem, das Bauteil auf dem Folgewerkzeug präzise und verrutschsicher zu positionieren. Durch die Integration von Folgeoperationen, die nach dem Beschnitt erfolgen würden, ist dieses Problem obsolet, da ein Umlegen des Bauteils in das Folgewerkzeug entfällt.

The inventive example illustrated by way of the above-described embodiments solution can offer advantages in several ways:

• By reducing the total number of tools or tool stages required to manufacture a component, a reduction in equipment costs and development and procurement times can be achieved.
• - By shortening the process chains, existing presses (lines) can be utilized more efficiently, set-up and maintenance costs are minimized.
• - If changes are made to the component (eg by the component developer) or if they are required on the tool (eg to compensate for springback effects), fewer tool surfaces must be reworked. In contrast to the overhaul of entire tool sets, this saves time and money.
• - Reducing handling operations between individual tools reduces the risk of deforming, scratching or otherwise damaging the component.
• - Shortening the process chain reduces the risk of tinsel, dust, oxide or other particles being dragged away in subsequent tools, where they damage the surface. The same applies to crushing, which can occur when closing the tools on the component surface. By integrating all processing steps in a compound tool, these dangers are completely eliminated.
• - By reducing the tool levels, the risk is reduced or eliminated that occurs when closing the follower tool, a deformation of the component, due to, for example, not reliably compensated springback from the above tool.
• - Particularly in the case of flat, slightly contoured components without holes, there is the problem according to the prior art of positioning the component on the follower tool precisely and without slipping. By integrating subsequent operations that would be done after trimming, this problem is obsolete, since a transfer of the component in the subsequent tool is eliminated.

The characteristic design features of the individual variants can be freely combined with each other. In principle conceivable, but not shown, is the integration of slider functions in the composite tool W with which local cutting, punching or forming operations can be realized deviating from the working direction of the press.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

(Drawing) die / die assembly

10A, 10B

die surface

10C

clamping surface

110A

area

11A

bending web

11B

(Cutting) edge

12B

Head Start ( 1 , Form-fit area)

13B

curve

16

(Embossing) insert

17

punch

19B

recess

1A

Inner matrix

1B

Outer matrix

1C

Stripper plate

2

(Drawing) stamp

20

stamp surface

201

stamping depression

2010

scrap channel

20B

clamping surface

21

recess

210

Stepped shape surface

21a, 21b

step

22

Receding sidewall

2 B

Stempelankonstruktion

3

blankholder

30

Binder surface

32

Deepening ( 2 , Form-fit area)

4

lower part

40

Through opening

5

top

50

Through opening

6

table

60

Through opening

7

tappet

70

Through opening

8th

backstop

80

holder surface

9

cutting edge

90a, 90b

cutting section

A

slug

Bo, Bu

bolt

e

insertion

F1, F2

spring element

Go, Gu

Gas spring

K

body component

K '

blank

ka

Edge section / board

KB

shelf

KF

flange

L1, L2

hole

LA

Lochungsabfall

M

grip

O

superstructure

P

Verprägung

R

gap

s

cutting gap

U

substructure

Vo, Vu

adjustment

W

composite tool

Z

spacer

α, β

angle

Claims (23)

Composite tool for producing a laminar sheet metal component (K), having a first structure (O) having a die (1) and a second structure (U) having a punch (2), wherein at least the first structure (O) or the second structure (FIG. U) is at least partially translationally adjustable and at least one relative to the punch (2) translationally adjustable blank holder (3) is provided on the second structure (U) in addition to the punch (2) to the die (1) and the punch ( 2) to press against each other and form the sheet metal component (K) from a between the die (1) and the punch (2) sheet metal blank (K ') by pulling, wherein the sheet holder (3) is arranged, an outer edge of the to be pulled Sheet metal blank (K ') to the blank holder (3), characterized in that - the die (1) of the first structure (O) at least two parts, with an inner die (1A) and an outer die (1B) is executed, the i inner die (1B) on the first structure (O) are adjustable relative to each other, and - the outer die (1B) and the relative to the punch (2) translationally adjustable sheet metal holder (3) facing each other and are set, when pressing the two-part die (1) and the punch (2) against each other between a waste piece (A) of the sheet blank (K ') to hold, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other at the outer edge of the drawn sheet blank (K ') is separated. Composite tool after Claim 1 , characterized in that the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) are arranged, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other also an edge portion (Ka) of the sheet metal component (K) on which a separating edge resulting from the separation of the waste piece (A) is present, before or after the separation of the waste piece (A), the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) being set up, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other, the edge portion (Ka) of the sheet metal component (K), where the separating edge is present, before bending the waste piece (A) to bend or abzukanten after the separation of the waste piece (A). Composite tool after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the outer die (1B) of the first structure (O) at least partially surrounds the inner die (1A) Composite tool according to one of Claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the inner die (1A) is adjustable on the first structure (O) relative to the outer die (1B) or the outer die (1B) on the first structure (O) relative to the inner die (1A) is adjustable. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet holder (3) for the drawing and the edge trimming of the sheet metal blank (K ') during pressing of the two-part die (1) and the punch (2) is translationally adjustable against each other. Composite tool after Claim 5 , characterized in that the blank holder (3) - on the second structure (U) relative to the punch (2) in an insertion position on the outer die (1B) is adjustable, in which the sheet metal blank (K ') with a peripheral side Section is to be arranged on the sheet holder (3), and - when pressing the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other relative to the punch (2) is adjustable in a holding position different to the holding position in which the of the sheet metal blank ( K ') separated waste piece (A) between the outer die (1B) and the blank holder (3) is held. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the translational adjustment of the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) to each other to the blank holder (3) relative to the punch (3) and / or the inner and outer matrices (1A, 1B) are adjustable relative to each other. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the second structure (U) in addition a Stempelankonstruktion (2B) is provided which between the blank holder (3) and an insertion region (E) for a cutting edge (9) of the first structure ( O) is arranged. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the first structure (O) in addition a hold-down (1C) is provided, which is arranged between the inner die (1A) and the outer die (1B). Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) are arranged, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other, the waste piece (A) by shear cutting means a relative movement between the outer and the inner die (1A, 1B) to separate. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the outer die (1B) for the separation of the waste piece (A) a cutting edge (11B) is formed or a cutting edge (9) is mounted. Composite tool according to one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that on the first structure (O) a cutting edge (9) is provided relative to which the inner die (1A) of the at least two-part die (1) is adjustably mounted on the first structure (O). Composite tool after Claim 12 , characterized in that the cutting edge (9) is formed with a cutting bar, which (a) simultaneously acts as a folding bar when pressing the die (1) and the punch (2) or (b) during the pressing of the die (1). and the punch (2) against each other with a counter-holder (8) cooperates and acts as a folding bar against this counter-holder (8). Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) are arranged, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other on the sheet metal component (K) at least one Embossing (M, P) provided. Composite tool after the Claims 12 and 14 , characterized in that the cutting edge (9) is formed with a cutting bar, which at the same time when pressing the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other as Abkantleiste and as a mold bar for providing the embossment (P) acts on an issued Bords of the edge portion (Ka) to provide the embossment (P). Composite tool after Claim 14 or 15 , characterized in that on the first structure (O) an insert (16) is provided, by means of which an embossment (M) is introduced when pulling or after the completion of the drawing. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the first structure (O) further comprises a punch (17) for producing at least one hole (L1, L2) on the sheet metal component (K) is provided. Composite tool after Claim 16 and 17 , characterized in that the punch (17) for producing the at least one hole (L1, L2) on the by means of the insert (16) produced embossment (M) is provided and the insert (16) on the first structure (O) adjustable is stored, so that the insert (16), after production of the embossment (M) in a first adjustment phase, during further pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other in a subsequent second adjustment phase is displaced and the punch (17 ) which produces at least one hole (L1, L2). Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite tool (W) is set up and provided for producing a flat body component (K) for a motor vehicle. Composite tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite tool (W) is designed as a composite tool. Method for producing a flat sheet-metal component (K) by means of a drawing device comprising a first structure (O) having a matrix (1) and a second structure (U) having a punch (2), wherein at least the first structure (O) or the second structure (U) is at least partially translationally adjusted and on the second structure (U) in addition to the punch (2) at least one relatively to the punch (2) translationally adjustable sheet metal holder (3) is provided to the die (1) and to press the punch (2) against each other and the Sheet metal component (K) from a between the die (1) and the punch (2) located sheet blank (K ') auszuformen by pulling, with an outer edge of the sheet metal blank to be drawn (K') is held on the sheet holder (3) characterized in that - the die (1) of the first structure (O) is made in at least two parts, with an inner die (1A) and an outer die (1B), the inner die (1A) and the outer die (1B) on the first outer structure (O) are adjustable relative to each other, and - the outer die (1B) and the relative to the punch (2) translationally adjustable blank holder (3) face each other and the outer die (1B) and the blank holder (3) between them when pressing the two-piece die (1) and the punch (2) against each other holding a piece of waste (A) of the sheet blank (K '), with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other at the outer edge of the drawn Sheet metal blanks (K ') separated wi approx. Method according to Claim 21 , characterized in that the first structure (O) and the second structure (U) are arranged, with the pressing of the die (1) and the punch (2) against each other also an edge portion (Ka) of the sheet metal component (K) on which a separating edge resulting from the separation of the waste piece (A) is present, before or after the removal of the waste piece (A), whereby the edge portion (Ka) of the sheet metal component (K) is pressed against one another by pressing the die (1) and the punch (2) ), at which the separating edge is present, is bent before the separation of the piece of waste (A) or bent after the removal of the piece of waste (A). Method according to Claim 21 or 22 , characterized in that a press with a composite tool (W) according to one of Claims 1 to 20 is used.

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