DE102017205224A1 - Method for pre-hole-free joining of at least one plastic component with a metal component, composite component and punch riveting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the pre-hole-free joining of at least one plastic component with a metal component with the steps:
Providing and fitting together at least a first component (1) and a second component (2),
- placing a riveting tool (3) on the components, wherein the components (1, 2) between a hold-down (5) and a die (6) of the riveting tool (3) are fixed,
- Driving a Halbhohlstanzniets (9) by means of a punch (4) of the riveting tool (3) in the components (1, 2), wherein a punch cutting edge (12) formed Nietfußende in the components (1, 2) cuts,
characterized in that
- When driving the Halbhohlstanzniets (9) of the Nietfuß (11) the components to be joined (1, 2) completely penetrates and emerges from the die-side component (2) and
- A Nietfußendabschnitt (16) on a guide surface (17) of the die (6) is bent inwards, so that the punched slug (14) in the Nietfuß (11) is fixed.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the pre-hole-free joining of at least one plastic component with a metal component, a composite component and a punch riveting tool.

In pre-hole-free joining by means of semi-hollow punch rivet, the components to be permanently joined together are positioned at the joint between a press-in punch and a die. Stamp and die are in particular corresponding components of a riveting tool or so-called setting tool. The Halbhohlstanzniet is pressed with the punch through the punch-side component, wherein the rivet intersects a passage opening in the punch-side component. In the further joining process, the rivet foot is pressed into the die-side component. The die acts on the one hand as a counter-holder for receiving the setting forces and on the other hand serves to deform the rivet in the die-side component. Usually, the rivet foot is anchored in a form-fitting manner in the die-side component. The stamped slug punched out of the punch-side component remains inside the rivet shank.

In the automotive industry, lightweight construction is increasingly being used in composite construction in which components made of plastics are connected to metal components. If a component made of a fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP component) is used as the plastic component and such a component assembly is joined by means of a semi-hollow punch rivet, special requirements are imposed on the rivet and the rivet connection. Due to the partial destruction of the fiber composite structure in the stamped area, there is an increase in volume, which causes an increased internal pressure in the rivet. There is little undercut and thus little bond strength.

Furthermore, lightweight structures are susceptible to contact corrosion due to the different electrical surface potentials of the materials used. This applies in particular to a composite component of aluminum and CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics).

From the non-prepublished patent application DE 102016211550.2 a rivet connection is known in which a Nietfußabschnitt exits from the composite component and is bent inwards, whereby the punching is fixed inside the Nietfuß to achieve improved strength and corrosion resistance.

The object of the invention is to provide a possibility with which the joining of mixed construction compounds is improved, in particular with regard to the strength and corrosion resistance of the obtained Stanznietverbindung as well as a component composite produced by the method and a suitable for the process punch riveting tool.

This object is achieved by a method for punch riveting according to claim 1, a composite component according to claim 7 and a punch riveting tool according to claim 8. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.

• - Bereitstellen und Aneinandersetzen wenigstens eines ersten Bauteils und eines zweiten Bauteils,
• - Aufsetzen eines Nietwerkzeugs auf den Bauteilen, wobei die Bauteile zwischen einem Niederhalter und einer Matrize mit einer Klemmkraft fixiert werden,
• - Eintreiben eines Halbhohlstanzniets mittels eines Stempels des Nietwerkzeugs in das erste und zweite Bauteil, wobei ein als Stanzschneide ausgebildetes Nietfußende in die Bauteile einschneidet.

A method is provided for pre-hole-free joining of at least one plastic component with a metal component with the steps:

• Providing and fitting at least a first component and a second component,
• Placing a riveting tool on the components, wherein the components are fixed between a holding-down device and a die with a clamping force,
• - Driving a Halbhohlstanzniets by means of a punch of the riveting tool in the first and second component, wherein a trained as a punch cutting Nietfußende cuts into the components.

According to the Halbhohlstanzniet is driven to the support of the rivet head on the stamp-side component, the Nietfuß completely penetrates the components to be joined and exits from the die-side component and a projecting from the components Nietfußendabschnitt is bent inwardly on a guide surface of the die, so that the Punching is fixed in the rivet foot.

By driving the Halbhohlstanzniets a portion of the components, which is also referred to as a punching slug, punched out. Preferably, the geometry of the Nietfußes and the punching blade is designed so that spreads when expanding the rivet in the components to be joined, the Nietfuß or expands, so that the components are positively fixed to each other and against the rivet head in the manner of an undercut. The exiting from the components end of the Nietfußes in turn is bent inwardly to the central longitudinal axis of the Halbholstanzniets, whereby the punched slug is held and fixed in Nietfuß. The length of the Nietfußes is designed accordingly, whereby an adapted to the increase in volume reservoir is provided in which the punched slug can be safely stored in the rivet. A caused by internal pressure loss of the punching and a consequent loss of strength or corrosion problems are safely avoided.

A particularly secure fixation of the stamped body can be achieved in one embodiment by the fact that the Nietfußende is only bent at the guide surface of the die when the rivet head is brought into contact with the punch side component. Thus, it is achieved that the punched neck is taken as deep as possible in Halbhohlstanzniet.

For the formation of the rivet connection and the spreading of the Nietfußes within the components it is advantageous if the guide surface is formed by an end face of a Matrizenstempels and the Matrizenstempel after the Nietfußende has pierced the components, is first moved away from the Nietfußende before the Nietfußende is bent inwards. This ensures that the Nietfußende remains free of force after exiting the die-side component until the rivet head rests on the punch-side component.

In a preferred embodiment, the Nietfußende is bent by the Matrizenstempel is moved in the direction of the Halbholhstanzniet, while the rivet head is fixed by the punch on the punch-side component. As a result of this process control, the punching slug is optimally pressed into the cavity of the half-holed rivet and fixed in it.

The method preferably connects at least one plastic or FRP component and at least one metal component by means of the semi-hollow punch rivet. However, it is also possible to connect a plurality of plastic or FRP components and / or metal components in any desired layering.

The method is particularly advantageous if the plastic component is an FRP component, particularly preferably it can be a carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) component, a glass fiber reinforced (GFRP) component or an aramid fiber reinforced component. The plastic or FRP component can in particular be a flat, sheet-like component. The metal component is in particular a sheet metal shaped part, e.g. from an aluminum or steel sheet, which may also be a casting or profile part.

It is particularly preferred if the stamp-side component is a plastic component or a FRP component and the die-side component is a metal component.

Furthermore, a component composite is specified, which is produced by the method according to the invention, whereby at least a first component and a second component are connected by means of a Halbhohlstanzniets, the components are completely penetrated by Nietfuß, and a Nietfußabschnitt, on the side facing away from the Nietkopf from the Part assembly emerges, is bent inwards, so that the punched joint is fixed in the rivet. The component composite achieves the same technical effects and advantages as described for the method.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a riveting tool for pre-hole-free joining of at least two components by introducing a Halbholstanzniets with a rivet head and a molded Nietfuß formed thereon with Nietfußende designed as a cutting edge, with a hold-down and a die, between which the components can be fixed with a clamping force. When the riveting tool is closed, the components to be riveted are clamped between the hold-down device and the die and fixed. The riveting tool further comprises a punch which drives the rivet foot into the components in a cutting phase and brings the rivet head into contact with the punch-side component. For this purpose, the punch is movable relative to the hold-down device and the die. In addition to fixing the components of the matrix also has the task of forming the Nietfuß after exiting from the components to the inside and so to fix the punching. For this purpose, the die in the region of the exit of the Nietfuß from the components on a guide surface which is inclined to the central longitudinal axis of the rivet that by a linear Aufeinanderführen the guide surface on the Nietfuß this along the guide surface inwardly towards the central longitudinal axis of the Halbholstanzniets bendable is.

To be particularly advantageous for achieving a high connection strength is an embodiment in which the die has a counter-holder and a die die, which is movable relative to the counter-holder in the longitudinal direction of the rivet and the guide surface is formed by an end face of the die-stamp. The counterholder is designed as an abutment to the clamping force applied by the hold-down device. Thus, the bending of the Nietfußes done while the components are still fixed with a defined clamping force between hold-down and counter-holder. The drive of the Matrizenstempels can be realized in an analogous manner, as is known from conventional punches in riveting tools.

In one embodiment, the riveting tool further comprises a control device which is set up to move the die punch both independently of the punch and to move simultaneously with the punch in the same direction. The control device makes it possible, in particular, for the rivet foot end to remain force-free after the components have been pierced until the rivet head has been brought into contact with the component and only subsequently bent inwards.

Preferably, the punch riveting tool is used to carry out the method described above, with the same technical effects and advantages as described for the method according to the invention.

The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the following description of the embodiments. If the term "can" is used in this application, it is both the technical possibility and the actual technical implementation.

• 1 bis 5 Schnittansichten zur Erläuterung eines beispielhaften Verfahrens mit beispielhaftem Nietwerkzeug zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten des Verfahrens und
• 6 einen mit dem Verfahren hergestellten Bauteilverbund.

Embodiments will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show:

• 1 to 5 Sectional views for explaining an exemplary method with exemplary riveting tool at different times of the method and
• 6 a component composite produced by the method.

For pre-hole-free joining by Halbhohlstanzniet according to the inventive method, a first component 1 in the form of a CFRP component and a second component 2 in the form of a metal component in the joining area set together and in a punch riveting tool 3 inserted. The punch riveting tool has on one side a cylindrical punch 4 and a hold-down 5 on, the stamp 4 surrounds in the circumferential direction at least partially. On the other side, the punch riveting tool has a die 6 on, which is designed as a two-part die with a cylindrical die stamp 7 and a fixed counterholder 8th holding the die stamp 7 surrounds circumferentially. The Stamp 4 and the die stamp 7 lie opposite each other, as are the hold-down 5 and the counterpart 8th arranged opposite each other.

By lowering the hold-down 4 on the components 1, 2 (indicated by the arrows in FIG 1 ) become the components 1 . 2 between the hold down 4 and the counterpart 8th clamped and held with a defined clamping force.

A semi-hollow punch rivet to be inserted in the components 9 is in the riveting tool 3 inserted. This can be done for example in a known manner via an automatic rivet feed. The semi-hollow punch rivet 9 is designed as a one-piece, metallic rivet and has a rivet head 10 on and a rivet foot molded to it 11 , The rivet foot 11 is formed in the manner of a hollow cylinder with a circumferential, closed cylinder wall. The free end of the rivet foot is as a punching edge 12 trained, including the wall thickness of the Nietfußes 11 rejuvenated towards the end.

1 shows the components 1 . 2 and the riveting tool 3 at the beginning of the actual riveting process. The Halbhohlstanzniet is stamp side in the riveting tool 3 and with his punching edge 12 on the plastic component 1 on. The components 1 . 2 are through the downholder 5 and the opposite counterholder 8th fixed and supported. On the stamp 4 opposite side are the components 1 . 2 additionally by the die stamp 7 supported, what this with a support section 13 its face in contact with the metal component 2 is brought. The support section 13 is formed in a central region of the end face.

Now the stamp 4 moved linearly toward the components, whereby the Halbhohlstanzniet 9 with his Nietfußende or the punching blade 12 in the adjacent plastic component 1 cuts and cuts this as in 2 shown. The arrow indicates the direction of movement of the stamp. The punching process destroys the structure of the fiber composite plastic. This results in an increase in volume of the punched Butzens the plastic component, which is problematic in conventional riveted joints. The resulting plastic punching is in by the Nietfuß 11 formed cavity in the interior of Halblöchstanzniets 9 added.

By another delivery movement of the stamp 4 (S. 3 ) is the Halbhohlstanzniet 9 further into the components 1 . 2 driven and cuts into the second component 2 and cuts it completely. At the time when the punching edge 12 from the second component 2 exit, lies the rivet head 10 not yet on the plastic component or first component 1 on.

The components 1 . 2 be during the driving of the rivet 9 through the support section 13 supported by the matrix. As a result, a deformation of the components is counteracted, the support section 13 serves as an abutment for the semi-hollow punch rivet 9 and the stamp 4 introduced force. In addition, the support section stops 13 the punching slug in place, whereby this progresses with pressing the Halbhohlstanzniets towards the rivet head 10 is moved.

In the further procedure, the stamp 4 continue towards the components 1 . 2 moved until the rivet head 10 in contact with the plastic component or the first component 1 arrives. During this process, however, as soon as the semi-hollow punch rivet 9 the lower component 2 intersected has, the die stamp 7 linear from the components 1 . 2 and the semi-hollow punch rivet 9 moved away. In this process section, the movement of stamp takes place 4 and die stamps 7 in the same direction. The die stamp 7 gets so fast and so far from the components 1 . 2 moved back that after piercing the components 1 . 2 as long as no further force on the Nietfußende or the punching blade 12 acts until the rivet is brought into contact with the plastic component with its rivet head. This prevents the rivet foot from getting caught 11 uncontrolled above the plastic component 1 deformed. Preferably, the die stamp 7 in this process section to the same extent, ie at the same speed and by the same distance, as the stamp moves 4 of the riveting tool 3 ,

At the end of this process section is the Halbholstanzniet 9 as in 4 shown with his rivet head 10 on the plastic component 1 on and the Nietfußende protrudes through the components to be joined and in the longitudinal direction of the Halbhohlstanzniets 9 beyond the punching garb 14.

The geometry of the rivet foot 11 and in particular the cutting edge 12 is chosen so that the Nietfuß 11 with progressive penetration into the components 1 . 2 expands or spreads. This forms a first undercut 15 from passing through both component 1 . 2 through this ranges fixed form-fitting. The semi-hollow punch rivet 9 punched punched trims 14 now includes stamped-out material of the plastic component and the metal component.

The length of the rivet foot 11 is designed to be made from the components 1 . 2 protruding rivet foot end section 16 subsequently can be bent inwards and the punched joint 14 safely on the rivet 9 fixed.

This is done in a subsequent process section by the die stamp 7 in the direction of the components 1 . 2 is moved while the stamp 4 remains in its position and the rivet head 10 on the plastic component 1 fixed. Through the movement of the die stamp 7 arrives the die stamp 7 frontally with a guide surface 17 in contact with the Nietfußende or the punching blade 12 , The guide surface 16 is with respect to the longitudinal axis of the die punch 7 inclined inwards. Now becomes the die stamp 7 continue towards the components 1 . 2 shifted, so the guide surface leads 17 the resting on her rivet foot inside and causes a bending of the Nietfußendabschnitts 16 inside. The guide surface 17 extends to below the stamping 14 , so that the rivet foot the Punch 14 encompasses and in semi-hollow punch rivet 9 fixed.

The riveting tool 3 includes other components, not shown, with which, for example, the movement of the blank holder 5 , the stamp 4 and the die stamp 7 can be generated. This can be done, for example, by those skilled in conventional riveting known hydraulic or servo-motor actuators.

Furthermore, the riveting tool has a control device 18 on which is set up to move the stamp 4 and the die stamp 7 to coordinate and in particular the stamp 4 and the die stamp 7 to move as described above. The control device 18 can also be the movement of the hold-down 5 Taxes.

Upon completion of the riveting operation, the riveting tool becomes 3 opened and removed the component composite. 6 shows the resulting component composite, in which the plastic component 1 and the metal part 2 by means of the semi-hollow punch rivet 9 riveted, with the components 1 . 2 from the rivet foot 11 are completely penetrated. On the rivet head 10 remote Nietfußabschnitt protrudes from the components 1 . 2 out and is bent inwards so that the punched trimmings 14 in the rivet foot 11 is fixed. The rivet foot 11 has a first undercut 15 on, the components 1 . 2 to the rivet head 10 fixed and one the first undercut 15 opposing second undercut 19 holding the stamping.

The method and punch riveting tool according to the invention makes it possible to produce a stamped rivet joint which provides sufficient clearance to accommodate the destroyed FRP fibers. Corrosion problems caused by exposed fibers in connection with the mating part can be reduced or avoided altogether.

In the figures, the method will be explained by way of example with reference to two components to be joined. However, more than the two components shown may be interconnected with the method. Likewise, other materials or layers of components than in 1 shown used.

The embodiments are not to scale and are not restrictive. Modifications in the context of expert action are possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

component

2

component

3

Stanznietwerkzeug

4

stamp

5

Stripper plate

6

die

7

die punch

8th

backstop

9

Halbhohlstanzniet

10

rivet head

11

rivet foot

12

punch cutting

13

support section

14

slug

15

undercut

16

Nietfußendabschnitt

17

guide surface

18

control device

19

undercut

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102016211550 [0005]

Claims (10)

Method for pre-hole-free joining of at least one plastic component to a metal component, comprising the steps of: providing and fitting at least one first component (1) and a second component (2), placing a riveting tool (3) on the components, wherein the components (1, 2) between a hold-down (5) and a die (6) of the riveting tool (3) are fixed, driving a Halbhohlstanzniets (9) by means of a punch (4) of the riveting tool (3) in the components (1, 2), wherein a as Nietfußende formed cutting punch (12) in the components (1, 2), characterized in that when driving the Halbhohlstanzniets (9) of the Nietfuß (11) completely penetrates the components to be joined (1, 2) and from the die-side component ( 2) and a Nietfußendabschnitt (16) on a guide surface (17) of the die (6) is bent inwards, so that the punched slug (14) in the Nietfuß (11) is fixed. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the Nietfußendabschnitt (16) on the guide surface (17) of the die (6) is only bent when the rivet head (10) is brought into contact with the punch-side member (2). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide surface (17) by an end face of a Matrizenstempels (7) is formed and the Matrizenstempel (7), after the Nietfußende has pierced the components, is first moved away from the Nietfußende before the rivet base is bent inwards .. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Nietfußende is bent by the Matrizenstempel (7) is moved in the direction of the Halbhohlstanzniet (9), while the rivet head (10) by the punch (4) on the punch side component ( 1) is fixed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fiber composite plastic component and a metal component are joined together. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the punch-side component is a plastic component or a FRP component. Component composite produced by a method according to one of Claims 1 to 6 in which at least a first component (1) and a second component (2) are connected by means of a semi-hollow punch rivet (9), the components (1, 2) are completely penetrated by the rivet base (11) of the semi-hollow punch rivet (9), and a rivet base end portion (16), which emerges on the side facing away from the rivet head (10) from the component composite, is bent inwards, so that the punched slug (14) is fixed in the rivet foot (11). Riveting tool (3) for pre-hole-free joining of at least two components by introducing a Halbholstanzniets (9) with a rivet head (10) and an adjoining Nietfuß (11) formed as a cutting edge (12) Nietfußende, with: a holding-down device (5) and a die (6), between which the components (1, 2) can be fixed with a clamping force, a punch (4), which drives the Nietfuß in a cutting phase in the components (1, 2) and brings the rivet head (10) in abutment with the punch-side member (1), wherein the die (6) in the region of the exit of the Nietfuß (11) from the die-side member (2) has a guide surface (17) which is inclined to the central longitudinal axis of the rivet, that by a linear Aufeinanderführen the guide surface (17) on the Nietfuß this is umbiegbar inwardly along the guide surface (17) in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the Halbholstanzniets. Riveting tool after Claim 8 , characterized in that the die (6) has a counter-holder (8) and a die punch (7) which is movable relative to the counter-holder in the longitudinal direction of the rivet and the guide surface (17) is formed by an end face of the die punch (7). Riveting tool after Claim 9 , further comprising a control device (18) which is set up to move the die die (7) both independently of the punch (4) and to move simultaneously with the punch (4) in the same direction.

Images