DE102017120607A1 - Fire and / or smoke protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) for closing an opening (12) with a flexible fire protection element (16), which is in a protective arrangement in which the fire protection element (16) of a propagation of smoke and / or fire through the opening (12 ) and a drive assembly (22) for bringing the fire protection element (16) from the protection arrangement into the bearing assembly, characterized by a holding device (40) for holding the fire protection element (16) in the bearing assembly, wherein the drive (22) has a coupling (26) with speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic.

Description

The invention relates to a fire and / or smoke protection device for closing an opening, with (a) a flexible fire protection element, which is in a protective arrangement in which the fire protection element opposes a propagation of smoke and / or fire through the opening, and in a bearing assembly in which the opening is unlocked, can be brought, and (b) a drive for bringing the fire protection element from the protection arrangement into the bearing arrangement.

Such a fire and / or smoke protection device is from the US 7,000,668 B1 known. There, an electrically switchable coupling is used to ensure that in case of power failure, the fire protection element automatically comes in the protective position. The background is that preferably high-revving, low-torque motors are used, which drive a transmission. However, the frictional resistance in such transmissions is so high that the weight of the fire protection element and any existing baseboard is not sufficient to ensure that the fire protection element closes the opening in case of power failure. In order to brake the falling fire protection element in the event of a power failure, the fire and / or smoke protection device has a brake which is rigidly coupled to a winding shaft, by means of which the fire protection element is wound up.

It is also known to use trailing asynchronous motors for driving winding shafts. If the power fails, these act as generators that brake the winding shaft.

A disadvantage of known fire and / or smoke protection devices is that they have a relatively complex drive train.

The invention has for its object to reduce disadvantages in the prior art.

The invention solves the problem by a generic fire and / or smoke protection device having a holding device for holding the fire protection element in the bearing assembly, wherein the drive has a clutch with speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic. The invention solves the problem also by a generic fire and / or smoke protection device, wherein the coupling is adapted to transmit a rotational movement from the drive to an actuator for bringing the fire protection element of the protective device in the bearing assembly when the drive is turned on, and Braking the rotational movement of the actuator when the fire and / or smoke protection device is de-energized.

An advantage of such a fire and / or noise protection device is that an electrically switchable coupling is unnecessary. The drive side of the clutch can be subjected to such a high rotational speed that a sufficiently large rotational speed and / or a sufficiently large torque is transmitted to the output side of the clutch, that the fire protection element is brought from the protective device in the bearing assembly. If the fire protection element is in the bearing arrangement, it is permanently held there by the holding device. It is then not necessary to transmit a torque via the clutch and a motor, which acts on the drive side with a torque can be switched off.

If the power fails or the fire alarm stops, the holding device to keep the fire protection element in the bearing assembly so that it moves automatically into the protective device, in particular falls. In this case, the clutch acts as a damper. This is especially true when the torque caused by the protective member moving in the guard assembly on the output side of the clutch is too small to move the drive side of the clutch, for example, because the drive side of the clutch is connected to a self-locking gear ,

It is also advantageous that the fire and / or smoke protection device is simple. Thus, the holding device may for example have an electromagnet that manages without moving parts.

It is also advantageous that the fire and / or smoke protection device can be built with a compact drive unit. This is particularly advantageous if there is little space for mounting the fire and / or smoke protection device. However, it is also possible to choose a spacious drive if that is advantageous.

In the context of the present description, a fire and / or smoke protection device is understood in particular to mean any device which is designed to prevent or sustainably inhibit the spread of fires and / or smoke or to prevent smoke produced by a fire from spreading. In particular, the fire and / or smoke protection device is designed to withstand a fire for at least 30 minutes, in particular at least 60 minutes, preferably for at least 90 minutes. This classification is especially after DIN EN 13501-2 and 3 performed. A fire and / or smoke protection device therefore differs fundamentally from devices that are only suitable for closing openings. The fire and / or smoke protection device is preferably designed for reversible, in particular repeated, closing and opening. In other words, the fire and / or smoke protection device can be repeatedly closed and opened.

The fire and / or smoke protection device preferably complies with the standard UL10D "Standard for Fire Tests of Fire Protective Curtain Assemblies" of 23.01.2014.

The fire protection element preferably comprises fire protection textile or is constructed therefrom. A fire protection textile is understood in particular to mean a fabric, a scrim or a fabric which is non-flammable and resists temperature stresses for a sufficient time to allow the passage of flames and / or smoke, in particular for at least 30 minutes according to EN 1634-1, in particular also EN 1634-2 and 3 and / or DIN EN 12101-1 to resist. An advantage of the use of fire protection textiles is the low production costs. Thus, it is possible to manufacture the fire protection element from one, two, three or more surface fire protection textile pieces by joining, in particular sewing. The fire protection textile is preferably provided with intumescent material, in particular expandable graphite, and / or a cooling material, in particular coated.

The activation temperature is understood in particular to be the smallest temperature for which, after one hour at this temperature, more than 90% by mass of the cooling material has reacted with heat absorption. The activation temperature is preferably at least 90 ° C and / or at most 250 ° C.

The cooling material is understood in particular to mean a material which releases water and / or carbon dioxide above the activation temperature by means of an endothermic reaction. The cooling material may be a pure substance or a mixture. For example, the cooling material is at least partially containing water of crystallization. The cooling material may include metal hydrate and / or carbonate and / or a hydroxide compound. For example, the cooling material may contain gypsum or aluminum trihydrate and be connected to the fire protection textile by means of a binder, for example an adhesive.

The drive is understood in particular to mean a device by means of which the fire protection element can be brought from the protective arrangement into the bearing arrangement. The drive preferably has a drive unit which comprises an electric motor and a transmission which is driven by the electric motor. A drive side of the clutch is in this case preferably rotatably connected to the transmission, in particular torsionally rigid, connected. The electric motor is preferably a low-voltage motor. In other words, the electric motor preferably has an operating voltage of at most 48 volts.

The holding device is preferably a separate component from the coupling.

By the feature that the clutch has a speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic, in particular, it is understood that a transmission ratio of the input torque applied to the clutch as a denominator and the output torque outputting the clutch as a counter, positive with the Rotational frequency at the input side of the coupling correlates, in particular increases monotonically. In particular, the transmission ratio at a higher speed on the input side of the clutch is not smaller than at a lower speed. It is possible, but not necessary, for a minimum rotational frequency for a rotational frequency to exist on the input side, in particular an input rotor, of the clutch below which the clutch does not transmit any torque.

It is also possible, but not necessary, for a dome speed to exist where the transmission quotient has the greatest curvature as a function of the input rotational frequency. In this case, it is favorable if a drive unit which has an electric motor and optionally a gear has a nominal rotational frequency which is above the dome speed. The nominal rotational frequency is the rotational frequency with which the drive unit drives the clutch when the fire protection element is moved out of the protective arrangement into the bearing assembly.

The coupling is in particular a component, which is formed on the one hand for transmitting torque from the engine, in particular a drive unit, on the actuating device and on the other hand for damping, ie braking, a movement of the carrier and thus the fire protection element. The actuating device is understood in particular to mean the mechanical components in the torque flow behind the clutch. Both tasks are preferably fulfilled by the same components of the coupling.

In a preferred embodiment, the coupling contains a non-Newtonian liquid. Most preferably, the liquid is dilatant. A liquid is understood in particular to mean a substance which is neither solid nor gaseous. In particular, a liquid is one Substance that is unable to carry its own weight and consequently is not dimensionally stable. In other words, a fluid dissolves under its own weight. It should be noted that this liquid may have a comparatively high viscosity and may be, for example, a paste. According to the invention, in particular, a fire and / or smoke protection device with the features (a) to (c) of claim 1, wherein the coupling contains a non-Newtonian, in particular dilatant, liquid.

Preferably, the liquid is so-called hopping putty, ie a liquid or plasticine based on silicone. Such material is known as a toy.

A dilatant fluid is understood as meaning a fluid which has a higher viscosity with increasing shear rate. A dilatant fluid may also be referred to as shear thickening or shear hardening fluid. The non-Newtonian fluid is used to transfer torque from the drive side to the output side.

In particular, the clutch has a drive rotor, which is connected to a motor, for example via a transmission, for driving, preferably non-rotatably, in particular torsionally rigid. The clutch also preferably has a driven rotor, which is preferably non-rotatably, in particular torsionally rigid, connected to an actuating device by means of which the fire protection element is moved into the protective device, for example a coil or a winding shaft.

Under the fact that two objects are rotatably connected to each other, is understood in particular that the one object always rotates when the other object rotates. It is possible, but not necessary, for the objects to rotate at the same rotation frequency. In particular, it is possible that the objects rotate with different and / or changing rotational frequencies. If both objects always rotate at the same rotational frequency, they are torsionally rigid connected.

Between the drive rotor and the output rotor, a liquid is arranged, by means of which a torque is transmitted from the drive rotor to the output rotor. The drive rotor and / or the output rotor may have at least one disk disk.

The liquid is particularly preferably a non-Newtonian, in particular dilatant, liquid. If the drive rotor is driven, the result is a high shear rate and thus a high viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid. This results in only a very small slip between the drive rotor and the output rotor. The fire protection element is moved against gravity in the bearing assembly.

If, on the other hand, the current fails, the output rotor is driven due to the downwardly moving fire protection element, which leads to a low shear rate. The viscosity of the non-Newtonian liquid is therefore small. For this reason, the non-Newtonian fluid acts as a damper, in which the energy which is introduced by the rotating output rotor is at least predominantly converted into heat energy. It may therefore be advantageous for the coupling to have a housing made of a good heat-conducting material, for example aluminum.

Alternatively, the clutch may be or have a centrifugal clutch. If the rotational speed of its drive rotor exceeds a predetermined threshold rotational speed, then the centrifugal clutch engages and the fire protection element is moved into the bearing assembly. In this case, it is advantageous if the fire and / or smoke protection device has a braking device for braking a movement of the protective element from the bearing assembly into the protective arrangement. This braking device may be, for example, a viscoelastic damper.

Preferably, the drive unit has an electric motor, in particular a DC motor, and a transmission which is connected to the electric motor. The clutch is driven in this case by the transmission. In particular, the drive rotor is non-rotatable, in particular torsionally rigid, connected to an output side of the transmission. It is possible that the coupling is arranged in the torque flow between the electric motor and the transmission.

According to a preferred embodiment, a clutch breakaway torque of the clutch is less than a drive breakaway torque of the drive. The clutch breakaway torque is the torque that must be applied to the output side when the drive side of the clutch is at a standstill in order to move the output side from standstill in motion. The drive unit breakaway torque is the torque that must be applied at standstill of the electric motor of a drive unit of an electric motor and a transmission to the output side of the drive unit to enable a rotor of the electric motor, from standstill in motion. For example, the transmission is self-locking and / or the electric motor has a sufficiently high breakaway torque.

Preferably, the drive unit is self-locking. This is understood to mean, in particular, that a torque which has to be present on the output side of the transmission in order to rotate the latter and the electric motor is greater than the maximum torque that can occur on the output side of the transmission if the fire protection element fails due to a power failure the bearing assembly moves into the protective arrangement. In other words, if the current fails, only the output rotor of the clutch moves, not the drive rotor.

The DC motor is preferably a frequency-controlled synchronous motor. Such DC motors are simple in construction and have a high power density.

Preferably, the coupling has a drive rotor and a driven rotor, wherein the drive rotor, preferably via a gear rotatably, in particular rotationally fixed, is connected to the DC motor. Preferably, the output rotor is non-rotatable, in particular torsionally rigid, connected to a coil for moving the fire protection element.

It is favorable if the fire and / or smoke protection device has a carrier on which the fire protection element is accommodated when it is in its bearing arrangement. For example, the carrier is a winding shaft on which the fire protection element is wound when it is in the bearing assembly or a nacelle, on which the fire protection element is gathered or folded recorded. The coil is then preferably designed for moving the carrier, ie in particular for rotating the winding shaft or for moving the nacelle.

Preferably, the fire and / or smoke protection device has an actuating device for moving the carrier, so that the fire protection element can be brought by means of the actuating device from the protective arrangement in the bearing assembly and vice versa. For example, the actuating device comprises at least one coil. In particular, the coil for rotating the winding shaft is arranged. For example, on the spool, a tension member, such as a belt, a belt or a rope wound up, which is wound up or unwound when turning the coil. The tension element is also wound on the winding shaft such that rotation of the spool causes the winding shaft to rotate. In the event of a power failure, the holding device releases and causes the winding shaft to move downwards. The fire protection element is unwound from the winding shaft and closes successively the opening. During this movement, the coil rotates. The coil may be part of a spool shaft or be formed by a spool shaft or rotatably connected to a spool shaft, in particular rotationally rigid connected.

According to a preferred embodiment, the fire protection element has a first magnetic strip, which is arranged on a first edge of the fire protection element, and a second magnetic strip, which is arranged on a second edge of the fire protection element opposite the first edge.

The fire and / or smoke protection device preferably comprises a first reveal element comprising ferromagnetic material and a second reveal element comprising ferromagnetic material. The first reveal member is arranged so that the first magnetic strip is adhered to it when the fire protection element is in the protection arrangement and the second reveal element is arranged so that the second magnetic strip adheres to it when the fire protection element is in the protection arrangement. Thus, a largely smoke-tight closure of the opening is achieved.

According to the invention is also a building with an opening and a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, which is arranged to close the opening.

It is favorable if the winding shaft is designed for unrolling the fire protection element by moving downwards. Alternatively, the winding shaft is supported by means of at least one stationary pivot bearing. Again alternatively, the winding shaft is floatingly mounted in a winding shaft holder. Under a floating storage is understood that the winding shaft or the winding from the winding shaft and the wound fire protection element is mounted on its outside, for example in a tub or on wheels.

According to a preferred embodiment, the carrier is a nacelle. In other words, the fire and / or smoke protection device has a nacelle for receiving the fire protection element and preferably at least one coil on which a flexible tension member is wound when the fire protection element is in its bearing assembly, wherein the tension member for raising and lowering the nacelle on the Gondola is attached and wherein the drive for rotating the coil is connected to the coil. If the gondola moves upwards, the fire protection element is folded or gathered, that is, folded randomly, and collected on the gondola.

Preferably, the holding device has a flap and a holding magnet, which is arranged for the closed-hold of the flap. If the holding magnet keeps the flap closed, it will rest the fire protection element, in particular wound on the winding shaft state, on the flap and is thus prevented from falling down into the protective device. If the holding magnet no longer holds the flap, for example because the current has failed, the fire protection element moves gravitationally downwards into the protective arrangement.

By the feature that the fire and / or smoke protection device comprises a holding magnet, it is to be understood that the holding device has at least one holding magnet. Likewise, the fire and / or smoke protection device comprises at least one drive, at least one fire protection element, at least one clutch and so on.

Alternatively or additionally to the flap, the holding device may have a roller blind or a roller shutter, which is designed such that it prevents a movement of the fire protection element into the protective arrangement as long as the holding device is activated.

If the fire and / or smoke protection device has a nacelle, the retaining device preferably comprises a holding magnet, which is arranged to hold the nacelle.

Preferably, the fire and / or smoke protection device has a housing in which the fire protection element is arranged when it is in its bearing arrangement, wherein the flap is arranged for closing the housing.

It is particularly advantageous if the flap can be brought into an open position and a closed position, wherein the flap is in the open position when the fire protection element is in its protective arrangement and in its closed position when the fire protection element is in its bearing arrangement, wherein the flap in the closed position is biased. This is particularly preferred when the fire protection element is wound in its bearing assembly on a winding shaft. In this case, it is favorable if the winding shaft is connected via at least one tension element, in particular at least two tension elements, to at least one coil, in particular one coil for each tension element, and wherein the flap is held open by the tension elements. If the winding shaft is moved upward, the fire protection element winds onto the winding shaft and finally arrives in its bearing arrangement. In the bearing assembly, the flap is no longer held open by the tension members and works in front of it taut, in the closed position. In the closed position, the flap can then be kept closed by the holding magnet, even if the winding shaft with the wound fire protection element is thereon.

It is advantageous if the holding device has an electric brake. This may be a brake, which prevents a rotational movement of the winding shaft during energizing. For example, the winding shaft may have a disc on ferromagnetic material, which is prevented by the brake from rotating when the brake is energized. It is also possible that the brake is a friction brake, which applies a frictional force to a coil, a rotatably connected to the coil shaft or the winding shaft, so that the fire protection element is held in the bearing assembly.

Preferably, the fire and / or smoke protection device has a control unit which is adapted to automatically switch off the electric motor when the holding device holds the fire protection element. In particular, the control unit is set up to automatically carry out a method comprising the steps of (i) detecting whether the fire protection element is in the bearing assembly, in particular by detecting whether the flap is closed, and (ii) if so, energizing the holding device, in particular the holding magnet the holding device holds the fire protection element in the bearing assembly, and / or shutdown or shutdown. of the electric motor. If the control unit does not detect that the fire protection element is in the bearing arrangement, the electric motor continues to be energized so that the fire protection element moves into the bearing arrangement. It is possible, but not necessary and usually not advantageous if in this state, the holding device is energized. It is also possible that the holding device is always energized. To close the opening, so bringing the fire protection element in its protection arrangement, then only the power supply of the entire fire and / or smoke protection device for a trip time, for example, at least one second must be interrupted. During this tripping time, the flap opens so far that even subsequent energizing does not cause the flap to close again due to the holding device.

Alternatively or additionally, the control unit is set up to automatically switch off the electric motor when the fire protection element is in its bearing arrangement. To determine whether the fire protection element is in its bearing arrangement, the fire and / or smoke protection device preferably comprises a winding shaft sensor, which is designed to detect whether the winding shaft with wound fire protection element is above the flap. If so, it can be assumed with sufficient certainty that the flap is closed. The Control unit is therefore configured in the context of this preferred embodiment for switching off the drive.

Preferably, the fire and / or smoke protection device has a closing sensor, which is designed to detect a closing state of the flap and which is connected to the control unit. In other words, it can be determined by means of the closing sensor whether the flap is closed or opened.

The fire and / or smoke protection device may comprise a second drive having a second clutch with speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic, wherein the drives are arranged cooperatively. In other words, the torques applied by the drives add up. For example, it is possible that the first drive is arranged at a first end of a coil and the second drive at the opposite end of the coil. It is also possible that the coils are arranged on a spool shaft and the first and the second drive are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the spool shaft and initiate their torque at the respective end.

Preferably, the drive of the spool shaft, on which a first drive coil and a second drive coil are arranged, wherein the winding shaft has a first winding shaft coil and a second winding shaft coil and wherein the first tension member from the first drive coil to first winding shaft coil extends and the second tension element extends from the second drive coil to the second winding shaft coil.

Preferably, the clutch comprises a freewheeling differential gear, in particular a planetary gear, and a centrifugal clutch, wherein the differential gear on its output side with the centrifugal clutch is rotatably coupled and wherein the differential gear has a housing which is non-rotatably, in particular rotationally rigidly connected to the spool shaft. The drive side of the differential gear is connected to the electric motor or the drive unit. If the drive side of the differential gear is rotated, the output side of the differential gear rotates faster. Because of the high speed on the input side of the centrifugal clutch this at least partially engages. The centrifugal clutch has a housing which is also rotatably, in particular torsionally rigid, connected to the spool shaft. As soon as the centrifugal clutch at least partially engages, this means that the output side of the differential gear is braked. This in turn causes the housing of the differential gear to rotate. This also turns the spool shaft. If the power fails, the fire protection element moves into its protective arrangement. In this case, the spool shaft and thus the housing of the differential gear rotates. Since the drive side of the differential gear is stationary, the output side of the differential gear rotates faster and the centrifugal clutch partially engages. This causes a braking effect, so that the spool shaft is braked.

A differential gear is understood to mean a transmission in which the output-side rotational frequency, that is to say the rotational frequency of the output shaft, depends on the drive shaft and a rotational frequency of the housing relative to the drive shaft. In particular, the differential gear is a transmission that drives fast.

Alternatively, the clutch comprises a fluid pump, which is a housing, which is non-rotatably, in particular torsionally rigid, connected to the spool shaft, a drive shaft for driving the fluid pump by rotating relative to the housing, a supply port for fluid, a discharge port for discharging fluid at a higher pressure as at the supply port, and a bypass line connecting the supply port and the discharge port, wherein a flow resistance of the bypass line is selected so that when driving the drive shaft of the electric motor, the spool shaft is driven and in case of power failure, a movement of a carrier on the the fire protection element is received in the position arrangement is braked. If the electric motor drives in particular the drive unit, the drive side of the fluid pump, it builds up a high fluid pressure at the discharge opening because of the flow resistance of the bypass line. This high fluid pressure causes the housing of the fluid pump to transmit torque to the spool shaft. If the current fails and the spool shaft moves automatically, the flow resistance causes the rotation of the spool shaft to be braked.

It is possible that the bypass line contains a throttle. But it is also possible that a cross section of the entire bypass line is chosen so small that the specified requirement is met.

It should be noted that the flow resistance to be set depends on the pumping capacity of the fluid pump and the speed which the drive unit exerts on the drive shaft of the fluid pump. The suitable flow resistance is therefore preferably determined in preliminary tests. For example, a variable throttle can be used. The throttle effect of this variable throttle is adjusted so that on the one hand, the fire protection element can be safely brought out of the protection arrangement in the positional arrangement and on the other hand, the movement of the fire protection element from the positional arrangement in the protection arrangement takes place sufficiently fast.

The fluid pump is, for example, a turbomachine, for example a centrifugal pump or a rolling fan. Alternatively, it can be a positive-displacement pump, for example a gear pump. The fluid pump may be a liquid pump or a gas pump, in particular an air pump.

Alternatively, the clutch is or includes an eddy current clutch. Eddy current couplings have the characteristic that the transmitting torque depends on the rotational frequency on the drive side. Therefore, if the drive side is driven by the drive unit at a high rotational speed, a high torque is transmitted to the output side, which is connected to the actuating direction, in particular the spool shaft. If the actuator rotates because the power has failed and the fire protection element moves into the protection arrangement, the eddy current clutch acts as an eddy current brake.

Alternatively, the clutch includes an electrical generator that is shorted via an electrical load. If the drive side of the electric generator is rotated, this generates a current which drops to a high voltage across the electrical load, which preferably comprises a sufficiently large ohmic resistance. As a result, an electric field builds up, making the generator stiff. In this way, a large torque is transmitted to the housing of the generator, which is rotatably connected to the spool shaft.

It is possible, but not necessary, for the clutch to have a transmission. Preferably, the clutch does not include a transmission.

Preferably, the drive comprises the following elements: (a) a motor, in particular an electric motor, (b) in the torque flow behind the clutch with speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic and (c) in the torque flow behind a reduction gear.

• 1 eine maßstabgerechte perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, bei der das Brandschutzelement in der Lageranordnung ist,
• 2 in 2a eine Detailansicht auf den Antrieb der Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß 1 und in 2b eine Explosionszeichnung der Kupplung,
• 3 die Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß der 1 und 2, bei der sich das Brandschutzelement auf dem Weg in die Schutzanordnung befindet,
• 4 eine perspektivische Teilansicht von schräg unten,
• 5 eine perspektivische, maßstabsgerechte Ansicht einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
• 6 mit den 6a und 6b eine erfindungsgemäße Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform, bei der die Wickelwelle mit dem aufgewickelten Brandschutztextil schwimmend gelagert ist,
• 7 mit den 7a und 7b eine schematische Ansicht einer vierten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung,
• 8 zeigt schematisch die Abhängigkeit des Übertragungsquotienten der Kupplung von der Eingangs-Drehfrequenz an der Antriebsseite der Kupplung,
• 9 eine 9a einen Querschnitt durch eine fünfte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, bei der das Brandschutzelement in der Lageanordnung ist und in 9b die Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung gemäß 9a, bei der das Brandschutzelement in seiner Schutzanordnung ist,
• 10 eine perspektivische Teilansicht einer sechsten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, bei der die Kupplung ein freilaufendes Differenzialgetriebe aufweist,
• 11 in 11a ein Schaltbild zur Erläuterung des Funktionsprinzips der ersten Ausführungsform, in 11b ein Schema einer siebten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung mit einer Wirbelstromkupplung, in 11c ein Funktionsprinzip einer achten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, in 11d ein Funktionsprinzip einer neunten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, und in 11e ein Funktionsprinzip einer zehnten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, bei dem die Kupplung eine Fluidpumpe aufweist,
• 12 in 12a ein Funktionsprinzip einer elften erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, bei dem die Kupplung eine Fluidpumpe in Form eines Gebläses aufweist, in 12b ein Funktionsprinzip einer zwölften erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, in 12c ein Funktionsprinzip einer dreizehnten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, und in 12d ein Funktionsprinzip einer vierzehnten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, bei dem die Kupplung eine Fluidpumpe aufweist,
• 13 in 13a ein Funktionsprinzip einer fünfzehnten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung, die eine Fliehkraftkupplung aufweist, wobei die Kupplung einen elektrischen Generator aufweist, bei dem die Kupplung eine Fluidpumpe in Form eines Gebläses aufweist, und in 13b ein Funktionsprinzip einer sechszehnten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Brand- und/oder Rauchschutzvorrichtung mit einer Wirbelstromkupplung.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows

• 1 a scale perspective view of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the fire protection element is in the bearing assembly,
• 2 in 2a a detailed view of the drive of the fire and / or smoke protection device according to 1 and in 2 B an exploded view of the coupling,
• 3 the fire and / or smoke protection device according to the 1 and 2 in which the fire protection element is on its way into the protection arrangement,
• 4 a partial perspective view obliquely from below,
• 5 a perspective, scale view of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to a second embodiment,
• 6 with the 6a and 6b an inventive fire and / or smoke protection device according to a third embodiment, in which the winding shaft is floatingly mounted with the wound fire protection textile,
• 7 with the 7a and 7b a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention,
• 8th shows schematically the dependence of the transmission quotient of the clutch on the input rotational frequency at the drive side of the clutch,
• 9 a 9a a cross-section through a fifth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the fire protection element is in the positional arrangement and in 9b the fire and / or smoke protection device according to 9a in which the fire protection element is in its protective arrangement,
• 10 a partial perspective view of a sixth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the clutch comprises a freewheeling differential gear,
• 11 in 11a a circuit diagram for explaining the principle of operation of the first embodiment, in 11b a diagram of a seventh embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention with an eddy current coupling, in 11c a functional principle of an eighth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, which has a centrifugal clutch, in 11d a functional principle of a ninth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the clutch comprises an electric generator, and in 11e a functional principle of a tenth embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the clutch comprises an electric generator, wherein the coupling comprises a fluid pump,
• 12 in 12a a functional principle of an eleventh embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the clutch comprises an electric generator, wherein the coupling comprises a fluid pump in the form of a blower, in 12b a functional principle of a twelfth embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, which has a centrifugal clutch, in 12c a functional principle of a thirteenth embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the coupling comprises an electric generator, and in 12d a functional principle of a fourteenth embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the clutch comprises an electric generator, wherein the coupling comprises a fluid pump,
• 13 in 13a a functional principle of a fifteenth embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device having a centrifugal clutch, wherein the clutch comprises an electric generator, wherein the coupling comprises a fluid pump in the form of a blower, and in 13b a functional principle of a sixteenth embodiment according to the invention of a fire and / or smoke protection device with an eddy current coupling.

1 shows a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 for closing an opening 12 in a wall 14 which belongs to a building according to the invention.

The fire and / or smoke protection device 10 includes a fire protection element 16 that at its first edge R _I a first magnetic stripe 18.1 having. At its right edge R _r owns the fire protection element 16 a second magnetic stripe 18.2 ,

The fire protection element 16 has a first layer of fiberglass fabric and has a gross weight of between 50 and 300 grams per square meter, and in this case 58 grams per square meter. In the present embodiment, the fire protection element has 16 a second layer of glass fibers. Both layers are laminated with a polymer film, in particular a polyetheretherketone film or a polyethylene terephthalate film, and bonded together by means of silicone. A thickness of the fire protection element 16 is between 0.18 and 0.5 mm and in the present case 0.25 mm. The fiberglass fabric is temperature resistant up to 600 ° C.

The fire and / or smoke protection device 10 includes a first reveal element 20.1 and second reveal element 20.2 both ferromagnetic and a soffit and / or a front of the wall 14 at the opening 12 one side at a time.

The fire and / or smoke protection device 10 has a drive 22 , which is a drive unit 23 from an electric motor 24 and a clutch 26 having. The coupling 26 is in a spool shaft 28 arranged and therefore in 1 only schematically drawn. The electric motor 24 In the present case, this is a geared motor F 006 B20 103 from Robert Bosch GmbH with a rated speed of 180 rpm, a nominal torque of 1 Nm and a mains voltage of 24.

The fire protection element 16 is on a carrier 29 , here in the form of a winding shaft 30 , wound up when in the in 1 shown bearing assembly is. The winding shaft 30 has a first winding shaft coil 32.1 , a second winding shaft coil 32.2 , The winding shaft coils 32.1 . 32.2 are arranged so that the fire protection element 16 is between them. The winding shaft coils 32.1 . 32.2 are adjacent to respective opposite ends of the winding shaft 30 arranged and connected torsionally rigid.

At the first winding shaft coil 32.1 , is a first tension element 34.1 attached, the other end on a spool 36.1 is wound up. The tension elements 34 are, for example, fabric tapes. The sink 36.1 is torsionally rigid with the spool shaft 28 connected and, for example, as an integral part of the spool shaft 28 educated. At the second winding shaft coil 32.2 is a second tension element 34.2 attached, the other end on a spool 36.2 is wound, which also torsionally rigid with the spool shaft 28 connected is. By turning the spool shaft 28 the coils turn 36.1 . 36.2 and thus the winding shaft coils 32.1 . 32.2 , This allows the winding shaft 30 to be moved down.

1 shows that the fire and / or smoke protection device 10 a housing 38 which is shown partially cut away. The housing 38 surrounds the winding shaft 30 with the wound fire protection element 16 if this is in its bearing arrangement.

2a shows a detailed view of the fire and / or smoke protection device 10 according to 1 in which a holding device 40 you can see the holding magnet 42 and a flap 44 includes. The holding magnet 42 is arranged so that he is the flap 44 in a closed position that stops in 2a is shown. The flap closes 44 the housing 38 , Im in 2a shown state is the winding shaft 30 with the wound fire protection element 16 on the flap 44 on.

The drive 22 also includes a gearbox 46 , which is formed in the present case as a worm gear and the movement of a drive shaft 48 of the electric motor 24 in a rotary motion of the spool shaft 28 implements. In other words, the drive side of the transmission 46 with the electric motor 24 connected. The output side of the transmission 46 is with the clutch 26 connected, which is shown in dashed lines. Via an electrical connection 50 is the electric motor 24 with a schematically marked frequency converter 52 connected, for example, gives a variable frequency up to f = 3000 hertz. The electric motor 24 is designed as a permanently excited DC motor. Of course, other engine shapes are possible, for example, the electric motor 24 be an asynchronous motor.

2 B shows an exploded view of the coupling 26 , The coupling 26 has a drive rotor 54 , who rotates with the coil 36.1 connected is. The coupling 26 also has a driven rotor 56 , the form-fitting with the spool shaft 28 connected is. This can be done for example by positive engagement, for example by means of external toothing, by friction or materially, for example by means of adhesive.

The coupling 26 also contains a liquid 58 , which in the present case has such a high viscosity that it can also be referred to as a transfer element. The liquid 58 is in a torque flux between the drive rotor 54 and the output rotor 56 arranged and has a speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic.

The liquid 58 is dilatant in this case. That is, the viscosity increases with the shear rate. In the present case, the liquid 58 Jumping putty, which is also known as a jumping putty, and a silicone-based putty that contains boron is. In the present case, the bouncing putty is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane, a filler and excipients and is called Wacker hopping putty 29 sold by Wacker-Chemie GmbH. Through a lid 59 that together with the output rotor 56 forming a container, it prevents the liquid 58 exit.

Will the transmission 46 (see. 2a) from the electric motor 24 driven, so turns a gear 60 of the transmission 46 What the drive rotor 54 set in rotation. Due to the high shear rate caused thereby, the liquid has 58 a very high viscosity, so the output rotor 56 is rotated with little slippage and ideally without slippage.

3 shows the situation where the holding magnet 42 is no longer energized. The flap 44 opens and thus comes in its open position. The winding shaft 30 moves down. In this case, the tension elements wrap 34.1 . 34.2 on the two winding shaft coils 32.1 , 32.2 (cf. 1 ) on and off the coils 36.1 . 36.2 from. In addition, the magnetic stripes adhere 18.1 . 18.2 at the soffit elements 20.1 . 20.2 , Is the winding shaft 30 laid out on the ground, is the opening 12 closed smoke-tight.

3 shows that flap 44 in its open position by a spring 62.1 and in the present case by a second spring 62.2 is biased in its closed position. However, the tension elements prevent 34 in that the flap comes into the closed position as long as the fire protection element 16 in his protection order.

4 shows the complete housing 38 in a view diagonally from below. It can be seen that the flap 44 a role 63 that shows the friction of the tension element 34 reduced.

5 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention, in which the fire protection element 16 folded in the bearing arrangement is present. The fire and / or smoke protection device 10 has a baseboard 64 on, on which the tension elements 34.1 . 34.2 . 34.3 are attached. By reinforcements 66.1 . 66.2 , ... fold lines are given, so that the fire protection element 16 always folds at predetermined folds. The tension elements 34 are on coils 36.1 . 36.2 , ... wound up, the torsionally rigid with the spool shaft 28 are connected.

6 shows in 6a a further embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 to close the opening 12 , wherein the winding shaft 30 floating in one exception 68 , which is formed in the present case as a tub is stored. The output rotor 56 (see. 2 ) is with the winding shaft 30 connected.

A housing 38 of the electric motor 24 is with an anchor 70 connected. The housing 38 (see. 6b) and the anchor 70 are designed so that the anchor 70 always on the case 38 is attached, no matter how large the diameter of the winding from winding shaft 30 and fire protection element 16 is. The baseboard 64 is ferromagnetically formed at least at the locations where they are connected to the holding magnets 42.1 . 42.2 interacts.

7a shows a further embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device 10 according to the invention, which substantially corresponds to the first embodiment, and wherein the flap 44 by means of a counterweight 72 is biased in the closed position. The flap 44 also has projections 74.1 . 74.2 (see. 7b) that with the tension elements 34.1 . 34.2 interact so that the flap 44 solely by contact with the tension elements 34.1 . 34.2 is held in the open position.

2a shows that the fire and / or smoke protection device 10 a closing sensor 76 which is arranged to detect whether the flap 44 in the closed position. The closing sensor 76 is with a control unit 78 connected, in addition to the frequency converter 52 and the holding magnet 42 connected is. The control unit 78 is connected to an external fire panel. If the fire panel announces a fire or the electricity fails, the winding shaft moves 30 , as described above, in their protection arrangement. This is a purely passive process.

Moves the winding shaft 30 down, so the electric motor turns 24 not because the gear 46 self-locking. As a result, only the output rotor rotates 56 (see. 2 ) and the potential energy flowing through the downwinding winding shaft 30 is released from the liquid 58 converted into heat.

If the fire alarm turns out to be a false alarm or the power is restored after a power failure and there is no fire, the control unit will control 78 first the electric motor 24 so that he has the fire protection element 16 brings in his camp arrangement. This process is completed when the closing sensor 76 reports that the flap 44 closed is. Then the control unit turns off 78 automatically the holding magnet 42 at. Of course, more than one holding magnet 42 to be available. Once the holding magnet 42 has reached its full holding power, the control unit turns off 78 the frequency converter 52 and thus the electric motor 24 without power. The winding shaft 30 and the fire protection element wound thereon 16 then rest on the flap 44 , by means of the holding magnet 42 is kept closed.

Alternatively or in addition to the closing sensor 76 Can the fire and / or smoke protection device 10 a winding shaft sensor 80 (please refer 2a) have, with the control unit 78 is connected and adapted to detect whether the winding shaft 30 is in its storage position in which the winding shaft 30 is so high that the flap 44 closes. Captures the winding shaft sensor 80 this position, the control unit turns off 78 the electric motor 24 without power.

8th schematically shows the dependence of the transmission ratio Q = M _a / _M of the input rotation frequency f _a. The input rotation frequency f _a is the frequency at which an input shaft of the clutch 26 is turned. It can be seen that for the clutch 26 having hopping putty, the transmission quotient Q at a low input rotational frequency f is _a comparatively low. From a dome rotation frequency f _z the transmission quotient increases Q strong.

Also registered is the pendency of the transfer quotient Q from the input rotational frequency f _a for a centrifugal clutch 84 , It can be seen that below the dome rotation frequency f _z no torque is transmitted.

9a shows a cross-sectional drawing through a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the carrier 29 is designed as a gondola in which the fire protection element 16 folded or gathered up, if it is like in 9a shown, located in the location arrangement. A shirring is understood to mean a folding at non-predetermined folds, whereas a folding takes place at predetermined folds. For example, has the fire protection element 16 Stiffening elements, such as reinforced threads, in which the fire protection element 16 folds. The gondola 29 is with tension elements 34.1 . 34.2 and optionally further tension members, fixed on the spool shaft 28 be listed to the gondola 29 to move upwards.

9b shows the fire protection element 16 in his protection order. In this case, the gondola is 29 on the ground. The gondola 29 is formed like a trough in the present embodiment.

10 shows a scale perspective partial perspective sectional view of another embodiment of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 a differential gear 82 in the form of a planetary gear and a centrifugal clutch 84 includes.

Moves the winding shaft 30 down, because the holding device 40 due to a power failure was inactive, so the spool shaft rotates 28 and thus a housing 86 firmly with the spool shaft 28 connected is. Because the drive shaft 48 of the differential gear 82 stands still, an output shaft rotates 83 , in the present case at a higher speed than the spool shaft 28 , This rubs a centrifugal element 88 on a friction lining 90 so that the centrifugal clutch 84 acts as a centrifugal brake.

Will the engine 24 energized, so rubs the centrifugal element 88 also on the friction lining 90 , The coupling 26 from differential gear 82 and centrifugal clutch 84 becomes stiff and transmits the torque from the output shaft 83 of the transmission 46 goes out, almost completely on the spool shaft 28 ,

11a schematically shows the drive concept of the fire and / or smoke protection device 10 according to 1 , The electric motor 24 drives the transmission 46 at. Both together form the drive unit 23 , The drive unit 23 drives the clutch 26 in turn, on the spool shaft 28 acts.

11b shows the embodiment in which the drive 22 an electric motor 24 that is with the clutch 26 connected is. The coupling 26 is with the gearbox 46 connected. In other words, a drive side of the clutch 26 with the output side of the engine 24 connected. An output side of the clutch 26 is with the drive side of the gearbox 46 connected. The output side of the transmission 46 is with the spool shaft 28 connected. All connections are non-rotatable, in particular torsionally rigid. At the clutch 26 this is an eddy current coupling in the present case 108 ,

11c shows the drive scheme of another inventive fire and / or smoke protection device 10 in which the engine 24 a clutch 26 in the form of a centrifugal clutch 84 drives. The centrifugal clutch 84 is with its output side with the gearbox 46 connected.

The 11d shows the drive scheme of another inventive fire and / or smoke protection device 10 in which the engine 24 with a clutch 26 connected to an electric generator 104 includes, over an electrical load 92 is shorted in the form of an ohmic resistance. A housing 38 of the generator 104 is with the gearbox 46 connected. Alternatively it is also possible that the transmission 46 with the engine 24 connected is. In this case, an output shaft 83 with the gearbox 46 connected.

11e shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 a fluid pump 94 , in the present case in the form of a liquid pump, for example an oil pump. The fluid pump 94 has a housing 38 , the torsionally rigid with the transmission 46 connected is. The drive shaft 48 the fluid pump 94 is with the engine 24 connected. Alternatively, it is also possible that the housing 38 the fluid pump 94 with the engine 24 connected is. In that case, a rotor is the fluid pump 94 with the gearbox 46 connected.

A feed opening 96 leads the fluid to the fluid pump 94 where it is brought to a higher pressure and through a discharge opening 98 into a bridging line 100 is delivered. The bypass line 100 contains a throttle 102 , The throttle 102 causes either a fixed, predetermined flow resistance or a variably adjustable flow resistance.

12a shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 through a fluid pump 94 is formed in the form of a blower. The operation corresponds to the according 11b ,

12 b shows a drive scheme of another inventive fire and / or smoke protection device 10 in which the clutch 26 a centrifugal clutch 84 is and an upstream differential gear 82 having.

12c shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 next to the differential gear 82 a generator 104 that is above the electrical load 92 shorted.

12d shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 next to the differential gear 82 a fluid pump 94 that's over the bypass line 100 with the throttle 102 shorted. It should be noted that the short circuit is of course designed so that a sufficiently large attenuation results. It is not a short circuit in the strict sense.

13 shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 next to the differential gear 82 a fluid pump 94 in the form of a blower 106 that's over the bypass line 100 with the throttle 102 shorted.

13b shows a further drive scheme of a fire and / or smoke protection device according to the invention 10 in which the clutch 26 Next the differential gear 82 an eddy current coupling 108 having.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Fire and / or smoke protection device

12

opening

14

wall

16

Fire protection element

18

magnetic stripe

20

soffit

22

drive

23

drive unit

24

Electric motor, DC motor

26

clutch

28

spool shaft

29

carrier

30

winding shaft

32

Winding shafts coil

34

tension element

36

Kitchen sink

38

Housing of the fire and / or smoke protection device

40

holder

42

holding magnet

44

flap

46

transmission

48

drive shaft

50

connection

52

frequency converter

54

Drive rotor

56

Output drive rotor

58

Liquid, transfer element

59

cover

60

gear

62

feather

63

role

64

baseboard

66

reinforcement

68

Winding shaft receiving

70

anchor

72

counterweight

74

head Start

76

closing sensor

78

control unit

80

Winding shaft sensor

82

differential gear

83

output shaft

84

centrifugal clutch

86

Housing of the differential gear

88

centrifugal force element

90

friction lining

92

electrical load

94

fluid pump

96

feed

98

diverting

100

bypass line

102

throttle

104

generator

106

fan

108

Eddy current clutch

Q

transmission ratio

R

edge

fine

Input rotational frequency

f _z

Dome rotational frequency

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 7000668 B1 [0002]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 13501-2 [0011]
• DIN EN 12101-1 [0013]

Claims (10)

Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) for closing an opening (12) with (a) a flexible fire protection element (16), the - in a protective arrangement in which the fire protection element (16) of a propagation of smoke and / or fire the opening (12) counteracts, and - in a bearing assembly in which the opening (12) is unlocked, can be brought, and (b) a drive (22) for bringing the fire protection element (16) from the protective arrangement in the bearing assembly characterized by (c) a holding device (40) for holding the fire protection element (16) in the bearing arrangement, (d) the drive (22) having a coupling (26) with a speed-dependent torque transmission characteristic. Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the coupling (26) contains a non-Newtonian, in particular dilatant, liquid (58). Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the clutch (26) is a centrifugal clutch (84) and / or that - the fire and / or smoke protection device (10) a braking device for braking having. Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive (22) - a DC motor (24) and - a transmission (46) which is connected to the DC motor (24). Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clutch breakaway torque of the clutch (26) is smaller than a drive unit breakaway torque of a drive unit comprising an electric motor (24) and a transmission (46). having. Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (40) has a flap (44) and a holding magnet (42) which is arranged for the closed-hold of the flap (44) , Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flap (44) (a) in an open position and in a closed position can be brought, (b) in the open position, when the fire protection element (16 ) in its protective arrangement, (c) is in the closed position when the fire protection element (16) is in its bearing arrangement, and (d) is biased to the closed position. Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (78) is adapted to automatically perform a method comprising the steps of: (i) detecting whether the fire protection element (16) is in the bearing assembly in particular by detecting whether the flap (44) is closed, and (ii) energizing the holding device (40), in particular the holding magnet (42), so that the holding device (40) holds the fire protection element (16), and turning it off or off Let the electric motor (24) and, if appropriate, energize the electric motor (24) so that the fire protection element (16) moves into the bearing assembly. Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling (26) - a differential gear (82), in particular planetary gear, and - a centrifugal clutch (84), - wherein the differential gear (82) on its output side with the centrifugal clutch (84) is rotatably coupled and - wherein the differential gear (82) has a housing (38) which is rotationally rigidly connected to the spool shaft (28). Fire and / or smoke protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (a) the coupling (26) a fluid pump (94), the - a housing (38), the torsionally rigidly connected to the spool shaft (28) - a drive shaft (48) for driving the fluid pump (94) by rotating relative to the housing (38), - a supply port (96) for fluid, - a discharge port (98) for discharging fluid at a higher pressure than at Supply port (96), and - a bypass line (100) connecting the supply port (96) and the discharge port (98), and (b) a flow resistance of the bypass line (100) is such that - when driving the drive shaft ( 48) by means of the electric motor (24) the spool shaft (28) is driven and - in case of power failure, a movement of a carrier (29) on which the fire protection element (16) is received in the bearing assembly is braked.

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