DE102017119871B4 - Door drive device and relevant operating method and bulkhead - Google Patents

Abstract

Door drive device for driving doors on board ships, with: - a drive (6, 40) for providing a torque for opening and closing a door (2), - a transmission section for transmitting the drive torque from the drive (6) to a torque receiving section (12) of a door leaf (18) of a door (2), characterized by a control device (38) which is connected in a signal-conducting manner to the drive (6, 40) and which is set up to control the drive torque in such a way that it can be opened by an operator and the actuating force to be applied to close a door (2) is kept constant when the door is inclined relative to a horizontal and / or when there are air pressure differences between rooms adjoining the door (2).

Description

The invention relates to a door drive device for driving doors, in particular on board ships, with a drive for providing a torque for opening and closing a door and with a transmission section for transmitting the drive torque from the drive to a torque receiving section of a door leaf of a door. The invention also relates to a bulkhead for a ship.

Such door drive devices are known in the prior art. For example, the DE 29 722 415 U1 an electromechanical door opener. Such an electromechanical door opener is typically arranged above a door or within a section of the door. The door is opened by the rotary movement of a drive motor controlled by an electronic control system via a gear and a spindle which is provided with a spindle nut that extends over this. A toothed rack, which is connected to a drive shaft to which a lever arm is attached, is advanced by translatory movement of the spindle nut. The lever arm is in turn coupled to a door leaf and enables the same to be moved.

A contactless door opener is also previously known from WO 2005/031 099 A2. This has a proximity sensor in the area of a door, which detects the approach of a user. A control device then controls a drive mechanism for opening and closing the relevant door on the basis of the sensor signals.

DE 73 36 641 U discloses a swing door with a drive device comprising a motor unit. The motor unit is arranged laterally next to the door frame, for example on the floor, and is connected via a cardan shaft to a connection shaft on the side of the door frame.

DE 199 11 592 A1 describes a drive system for a closes part, in particular for a roof opening of a vehicle. A control device for controlling a drive device is set up to control the drive torque in such a way that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door can be kept constant.

The door openers known from the prior art on the one hand have the disadvantage that the drives of such door opening systems are typically to be installed in the immediate vicinity of the door leaf to be controlled. In particular for applications in which value is placed on a harmonious and high-quality visual appearance, such pre-edged door drives can only be used to a limited extent, since they often have to be arranged in a visible area directly above a door leaf.

Furthermore, the use of such previously known door opening systems on board ships is particularly difficult. On board ships, it is essential to prevent fires and smoke from spreading over deck sections. For this purpose, numerous doors are designed as fire protection doors. This typically means that such fire protection doors must be designed to be significantly more massive than doors that do not have to fulfill such a fire protection functionality.

In particular on board yachts, however, for reasons of passenger comfort, the aim should be that the user of a door experiences a harmonious overall haptic impression when the door is operated. Door opening systems previously known in the prior art are precisely unable to achieve this.

Against this background, the invention was based on the object of developing a door drive device of the type specified at the outset in such a way that the disadvantages known from the prior art are eliminated as far as possible. In particular, a device for ships is to be specified which enables flexible installation of a door drive and increases the ease of use when opening and closing doors.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a door drive device with the features of claim 1.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned above by a control device that is conductively connected to the drive signal and is set up to control the drive torque so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door is kept constant during a Door inclination relative to a horizontal and / or in the case of air pressure differences between rooms adjacent to the door.

The control device according to the invention contributes to increasing the ease of use and enhancing the overall impression produced by the user. Thus, by controlling the drive torque, the control device enables the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door to be kept constant. This is advantageous on board ships, but also when heavy fire doors are used in the case of ship inclinations and in the case of differences in air pressure between two rooms separated by a door.

A ship's inclination along the ship's longitudinal or vertical axis can significantly increase the force required to open a door. This applies in particular to heavy fire doors. A control device which ensures that the actuating force to be applied by the operator to open and close a door is kept constant even when the ship is tilted, not only can the ease of use be increased significantly, but also the operational safety. It can thus be ensured, for example, that children can safely operate such heavy fire doors regardless of the position of the ship.

The same applies to differences in air pressure in two rooms adjacent to a door. In the context of the present document, doors that connect the interior of the ship with the exterior of the ship are also included here. In particular, changes in air pressure, for example as a result of gusts of wind pressing on a door from the outside, can significantly increase the force required to operate a door. The same applies to ventilation systems and air conditioning systems inside ships.

The control device according to the invention thus enables the force required to operate the door to be reduced or adapted regardless of the air pressures in the rooms separated by the door or - in the case of external doors - which gust loads act on such a door, for example.

The invention is further developed in that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door is adjustable. This means that the level of support that the drive provides when opening and closing a door can be predefined and adjusted. For example, individual habits of a user can also be taken into account here.

According to a preferred embodiment, the control device is connected in a signal-conducting manner to a sensing device which has at least one, several or all of the following sensors: an inclination sensor, in particular for determining a door inclination relative to a horizontal, in particular due to a ship's inclination, a first pressure sensor for determining the air pressure in a first room adjoining a door, a second pressure sensor for determining the air pressure in a second room adjoining a door, at least one door actuation sensor.

In the present case, the inclination sensor is used in particular to determine the inclination of the door with respect to the horizontal, which on board ships is based in particular on an inclination about the longitudinal axis and / or the transverse axis of the ship. The pressure sensors enable the air pressure to be sensed in rooms adjacent to a door. In the present case, one of the rooms can also be the area around the ship, in the event that the door in question is an external door. In that case, a relevant sensor could measure the outside air pressure surrounding the ship and, for example, also gust loads acting on the door.

The door actuation sensor is essentially used to trigger and thus start and stop the door drive device. The door actuation sensor itself can be designed, for example, as a door handle actuation sensor, button, radio opening signal transmitter, motion sensor, optical sensor, and the like.

It is also preferred that the control device has a data interface which is set up to receive data, in particular with regard to the ship's inclination, pressures in rooms adjoining a door and alarm events and / or provide data with regard to the operating state of the drive at the interface.

Such a data interface enables the connection to communication systems on board the ship. Thus, important operating data for the door drive device can be obtained via the data interface, for example alarm events and the like; Status data relating to the door drive device can, however, be provided at the same time by means of the data interface and fed into existing communication systems.

It is also preferred if the transmission section is set up to enable the drive and torque absorption section of the door leaf to be non-aligned. Such a transmission section has a high degree of flexibility with regard to the arrangement of a drive relative to a door or to the torque absorption section of a door leaf. The drive itself can thus be arranged in areas that are not visible to the user of a room. The overall visual impression of such a door with a door drive device can thus be significantly improved. Another advantage of such a transmission section is that the noise caused by the operation of a door drive can also be kept away from the actual door area. The comfort with regard to noise emissions can thus also be positively influenced. In addition, such a transmission section makes a very significant contribution to the fact that such doors, including the door drive device, can be designed in a significantly more flexible manner. In particular where space is limited, as typically occurs on ships and yachts, the transmission section enables door drive devices to be used in areas in which classic door drive devices cannot be used due to the space required.

The invention is further developed in that the transmission section has a cardan shaft, in particular a cardan shaft. Such a cardan shaft enables torque to be transmitted from the drive to the door or to the torque receiving section of a door leaf in a kinked shaft train. Overall, this results in a high degree of flexibility with regard to the disposition of the drive relative to the door or to the door leaf.

According to a preferred embodiment, the transmission section has at least two segments, at least two of the segments of the transmission section being mounted and / or lockable relative to one another so as to be displaceable.

Such a displaceable mounting of individual segments of the transmission section relative to one another leads to such a transmission section being able to be telescoped. A transmission section can thus be quickly adapted to a desired dimensioning, for example with regard to the distance from the drive to the torque absorption section of the door leaf. A flexible arrangement is thus supported.

It is also preferred that the drive has an energy storage and delivery device for providing a door closing torque in the event of a drive failure. Such a functionality is particularly advantageous for fire protection doors, since a malfunction of the drive or a breakdown of the on-board power supply network cannot result in a fire protection door remaining in an open state. If there is no longer any power supply available for the drive, the relevant door is moved into a closed position.

The invention is further developed in that the energy storage and delivery device is designed as a spring element. For example, such a spring element can be pretensioned when a relevant door is opened and, in the event of a power failure, can release the potential energy stored in the spring in order to lock the door securely.

• - Steuerung des Antriebsdrehmoments des Antriebs so, dass die von einem Bediener zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Tür aufzubringende Betätigungskraftkraft konstant gehalten wird.Bezüglich der Vorteile eines solchen Verfahrensschrittes sei auf die eingangs getroffenen Aussagen verwiesen; zusammenfassend erhöht ein solcher Verfahrensschritt den Bedienungskomfort, insbesondere bei der Verwendung schwerer Feuerschutztüren, und erhöht gleichzeitig die Betätigungssicherheit, insbesondere für solche Benutzer, die die ansonsten erforderliche Öffnungskraft nicht aufbringen könnten.
• - Einstellen einer von einem Bediener zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Tür aufzubringenden Betätigungskraftkraft. Die aufzubringende Betätigungskraft kann damit an persönliche Präferenzen, unterschiedliche Sicherheitsanforderungen, und dergleichen mehr, angepasst werden.
• - Bereitstellen von Daten betreffend die Neigung einer Tür gegenüber der Horizontalen und Steuerung des Antriebsdrehmoments in Abhängigkeit von den Neigungsdaten, so dass die für einen Bediener zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Tür aufzubringende Betätigungskraftkraft konstant gehalten wird.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method according to claim 10. The method according to the invention has a number of steps:

• - Control of the drive torque of the drive so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door is kept constant. With regard to the advantages of such a method step, reference is made to the statements made at the beginning; In summary, such a method step increases the ease of use, especially when using heavy fire doors, and at the same time increases the operational reliability, especially for those users who could not apply the otherwise required opening force.
• - Setting an actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door. The actuation force to be applied can thus be adapted to personal preferences, different safety requirements, and the like.
• Provision of data relating to the inclination of a door relative to the horizontal and control of the drive torque as a function of the inclination data, so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door is kept constant.

The actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door can thus, as already explained, be kept constant even when the ship is tilted, for example due to the ship's heeling. Even heavy fire doors can thus be opened safely even when the ship is tilted, and the ease of use is increased.

The invention is further developed by the following steps: providing data relating to the air pressure in a first room adjoining the door and / or relating to the air pressure in a second room adjoining the door, controlling the drive torque of the drive as a function of the air pressures in the first and / or second space, so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door is kept constant.

Here, too, reference is made to the above statements for a detailed discussion of the advantages. In principle, the method steps make it possible for the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door to be kept constant even if there are air pressure differences between the two rooms adjoining the door. This is particularly important when a door is an outer door that connects the exterior of the ship with the interior of the ship. Such a door can also be easily opened and closed when, for example, a high gust load acts on such a door from the outside as a result of a storm. In this context, the closing of the door is also supported, which can also prove to be a challenge under corresponding adverse weather conditions in the outer area of ships.

It is also preferred that the method has the following steps: providing data relating to an alarm event, controlling the drive torque of the drive as a function of the alarm event, in particular for closing a door as a result of the alarm event.

Such an alarm event can be justified, for example, by a fire, smoke development, a safety-critical event, and the like. If such events occur, the drive can consequently be used to lock the door. It is also conceivable that the drive can block the door so that it can no longer be opened easily. In the event of a fire and the like, it can thus be ensured that such a door is not opened unintentionally. It is also conceivable here that the drive device has a locking functionality which locks a door, for example for the applications described above.

It is also preferred that the method has the following steps: provision of data relating to a door actuation desired by a user, control of the drive torque of the drive as a function of the door actuation data, in particular for the automated opening and / or closing of a door. In the case of a desired door actuation, a fully automatic opening and closing of a door can thus take place as an alternative.

According to a preferred embodiment, the method furthermore has the step of reversing the direction of the drive torque in the case of increased movement resistance of a door, in particular as a result of an obstacle in a door movement path.

This ensures that the door is stopped when a certain travel resistance is reached, as can occur, for example, when a person is in the door travel path. Furthermore, it is preferred that the drive torque is immediately reversed with regard to its direction, and the door is opened at least in sections.

The invention also solves the problem with a bulkhead with the features of claim 16 for a ship with a wall, a door mounted on this and a door drive device according to the invention.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description, in which exemplary embodiments are explained in detail with reference to schematic drawings.

• 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Türantriebsvorrichtung innerhalb eines Schotts eines Schiffs in einer Seitenansicht;
• 2 das Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Türantriebsvorrichtung nach 1 in einer Schnittansicht;
• 3 das Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Türantriebsvorrichtung nach 1 in einer Draufsicht; und
• 4 ein Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Türantriebsvorrichtung nach 1.

Show in detail:

• 1 a first embodiment of a door drive device according to the invention within a bulkhead of a ship in a side view;
• 2 the embodiment of the door drive device according to the invention 1 in a sectional view;
• 3 the embodiment of the door drive device according to the invention 1 in a plan view; and
• 4th a block diagram of a door drive device according to the invention 1 .

1 shows a door 2 . This door 2 can for example be arranged on board a vehicle, in particular a ship. The door 2 is mounted in a bulkhead of a ship and has a means of hinges 22nd stored door leaf 18th on. The hinges 22nd are the door with one 2 surrounding wall section, the door frame 4th , tied together. On the door leaf 18th is a sliding lever 14th arranged. The sliding lever 14th in turn is by means of a torque receiving section 12th over a transmission section 8th with one drive 6th coupled.

The transmission section 8th has a cardan shaft 10 , especially cardan shaft 10 on. The cardan shaft 10 has a drive shaft section 11 on which one with the drive 6th is connected in a force-conducting manner. On the drive shaft section 11 is a first swivel joint 13th arranged, which also has an intermediate shaft 15th is connected in a force-conducting manner. On the intermediate shaft 15th is a second swivel joint 17th arranged on which finally the output shaft section 19th is arranged. This is connected to the sliding lever 14th . Furthermore, the cardan shaft 10 designed telescopic to the effect that two sections of the articulated shaft 10 are displaceable and lockable relative to one another. In particular, this telescopic section is in the intermediate shaft 15th educated. The intermediate shaft 15th has for this purpose two shaft elements (not shown), a first shaft element being designed as a sleeve and a second shaft element as a pin. Due to its shape and a corresponding receptacle in the sleeve, the pin is protected against twisting in the sleeve, but is mounted in the sleeve so that it can be axially displaced. Forces and moments can be transmitted in this way and the length of the intermediate shaft can be adjusted relative to one another by moving the shaft elements. At the transition between the door frame 4th and the door leaf 18th is finally a frame cover 20th arranged.

A sectional view of a door 2 is in 2 shown. The drive 6th generates that to drive the door leaf 18th required torque. The torque of the drive 6th is by means of the transmission section 8th to the door leaf 18th transfer. Again 2 can be seen, is the axis of rotation of the drive 6th to the axis of rotation of the sliding lever 14th laterally offset and therefore not in alignment. The drive 6th is including the transmission section 8th behind a drive cover 24 hidden. The drive cover 24 can furthermore have a sound insulation in order to prevent sound from the drive 6th in the door 2 surrounding space.

The Indian 3 shown top view of the door 2 and the door leaf 18th can change the position of the slide lever 14th and the position of the torque receiving section 12th can be removed. The wall sections 26th in the present case also form sections of the door frame 4th . Furthermore, in 3 the handle 25th as an actuator for the door 2 shown.

4th shows a block diagram 27 a door drive device according to the invention. The block diagram 27 has a total of four main components. The ones in the block diagram 27 The arrows shown indicate the respective data flow direction. The block diagram 27 has a sensing device 28 , a data interface 36 , a control device 38 as well as a drive 40 on. The sensing device 28 in turn has a large number of sensors 30th , 32 , 34 on. In the present case, the sensing device 28 Inclinometers 30th , Pressure sensors 32 as well as actuation sensors 34 on. The tilt sensors 30th are used to determine the position of the door 2 opposite a horizontal. Slopes of a door 2 Compared to the horizontal, more can result in particular from ship movements and the like. The pressure sensors 32 are used to determine the air pressure in the on the door 2 adjacent rooms.

The actuation sensors 34 on the other hand, they are used to determine an actuation request which, for example, is given by a user. The sensing device 28 is coupled to the control device in a signal-conducting manner 38 . The control device 38 serves on the one hand to control the drive 40 , but also information, for example regarding the operating status, from the drive 40 to receive and process them. The control device 38 is also with a data interface 36 bidirectionally coupled. From the control device 38 can send data to the data interface 36 and data from the data interface 36 to the control device 38 be transmitted. For example, the data interface 36 Receive global data such as alarm states or data relating to the ship's inclination from a data network. The data interface 36 is also set up to provide status data, for example about the drive 40 or also sensed data from the sensing device 28 can be fed into a data network.

List of reference symbols

2

door

4th

Door frame

6th

drive

8th

Transmission section

10

PTO shaft

11

Drive shaft section

12th

Torque receiving section

13th

First swivel joint

14th

Sliding lever

15th

Intermediate shaft

16

Door leaf operating section

17th

Second swivel joint

18th

Door leaf

19th

Output shaft section

20th

Frame cover

22nd

hinge

24

Drive cover

25th

Handle

26th

Wall section

27

Block diagram

28

Sensing device

30th

Inclinometers

32

Pressure sensors

34

Actuation sensors

36

Data interface

38

Control device

40

drive

Claims (16)

Door drive device for driving doors on board ships, with: - a drive (6, 40) for providing a torque for opening and closing a door (2), - a transmission section for transmitting the drive torque from the drive (6) to a torque receiving section (12) of a door leaf (18) of a door (2) , characterized by a control device (38) connected to the drive (6, 40) in a signal-conducting manner, which is set up to control the drive torque so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2) is kept constant at a door inclination relative to a horizontal and / or in the case of air pressure differences between rooms adjacent to the door (2). Door drive device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2) is adjustable. Door drive device according to one of the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized by a sensing device (28) connected to the control device (38) in a signal-conducting manner, which has at least one, several or all of the following sensors: - an inclination sensor (30), in particular for determining a door inclination relative to a horizontal, in particular due to a ship's inclination, - a first pressure sensor (32) for determining the air pressure in a first room adjoining a door (2), - a second pressure sensor (32) for determining the air pressure in a second room adjoining a door (2), 30 - at least one door actuation sensor (34). Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device (38) has a data interface (36) which is set up to receive data, in particular with regard to the ship's inclination, air pressures in rooms adjoining a door (2) and alarm events and / or to provide data relating to the operating state of the drive (6, 40) at the interface. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission section is set up to enable a non-aligned arrangement of the drive (6, 40) and torque absorption section (12) of the door leaf (18). Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission section has a cardan shaft (10), in particular a cardan shaft. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission section has at least two segments, at least two of the segments of the transmission section being mounted and / or lockable relative to one another so as to be displaceable. Door drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive (6, 40) has an energy storage and output device for providing a door closing torque in the event of a drive failure. Door drive device according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the energy storage and delivery device is designed as a spring element. Method for operating doors on board ships, with a drive (6, 40) for providing a torque for opening and closing a door, comprising the steps: - Control of the drive torque of the drive (6, 40) so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2) is kept constant, - Provision of data relating to the inclination of a door (2) relative to the horizontal, - Control of the drive torque as a function of the inclination data, so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2) is kept constant. Procedure according to Claim 10 , further comprising the step: setting the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2). Method according to one of the Claims 10 or 11 , additionally comprising the steps: - providing data relating to the air pressure in a first room adjoining the door (2) and / or relating to the air pressure in a second room adjoining the door (2), - controlling the drive torque of the Drive (6, 40) as a function of the air pressures in the first and / or second space, so that the actuating force to be applied by an operator to open and close a door (2) is kept constant. Method according to one of the Claims 10 - 12th , additionally comprising the steps: - providing data relating to an alarm event, - controlling the drive torque of the drive (6, 40) as a function of the alarm event, in particular for closing a door (2) as a result of the alarm event. Method according to one of the Claims 10 - 13th , additionally comprising the steps: - providing data relating to a door actuation desired by a user, - controlling the drive torque of the drive (6, 40) as a function of the door actuation data, in particular for the automated opening and / or closing of a door. Method according to one of the Claims 10 - 14th , additionally having the step: Reversing the direction of the drive torque in the case of increased travel resistance of a door (2), in particular as a result of an obstacle in a door travel path. Bulkhead for a ship with a wall, a door (2) mounted on this and a door drive device according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 until 9 .

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