DE102017113500B4 - transport system - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing a transport system (1) for steel coils or steel bundles (2), the transport system (1) being designed as a carriage (3) or pallet (3) with a plurality of longitudinally extending runners (4) running parallel to one another and a foamed plastic part (7) is arranged on the carriage (3) and the plastic part (7) has a recess (13), the recesses (13) corresponding to a cylinder jacket wall sector for receiving the steel coil (2) in a form-fitting manner, the transport system in is essentially made of plastic, characterized in that the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) is injection-molded from a polyolefin or polyamide and the foamed plastic part (7) is made from a particle foam, the carriage (3) and the foamed plastic part (7) are connected either by gluing, plugging, latching or welding together, or the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) and the foamed plastic part (7) are connected to one another in one piece, with a previously injection-molded Pallet (3) or carriage (3) is placed in a particle foam mold and then the particle foam is blown into the mold or introduced in some other way and then the particle foam is connected to one another by the action of heat and at the same time the particle foam at the contact points with the pallet (3) is connected in one piece, with desired areas of the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) not filled with particle foam being kept free or filled with tool slides.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a transport system for sheet metal bundles, in particular steel bundles.

One of the most common processing forms of steel is sheet steel. Sheet steel is produced by rolling a steel slab from the continuous casting process, heated to a relatively high rolling temperature, first in a reversing roughing stand and then in a hot strip mill to form sheet steel. After it has been rolled, this hot strip or heavy plate can already be coiled into so-called steel bundles or steel coils and sent on for further processing.

In addition, such a hot strip (up to 7 mm) can then be cold-rolled, with the sheet thickness again being significantly reduced as a result of the cold-rolling. The result, the so-called cold strip or thin sheet, has sheet thicknesses of 0.4 to 2 mm, for example. This thin sheet is also coiled into steel bundles or steel coils after the cold rolling process. Of course, hot strip can also be coiled, this then has a thickness of 2 to 7 mm. In this way, sheet steel coils are produced from a slab, from which a sheet steel strip with a length of 400 m and more is coiled.

In the bound state, these sheet metal coils or sheet steel coils are cylindrical with a weight between 0.5 and 33 tons, in particular mostly between 20 and 26 tons. After completion, these steel coils are sent to further processors, e.g. the automotive industry, but also other processors.

When shipping, care must be taken to ensure that these coils do not move as their heavy weight would cause dangerous shifting of loads.

Accordingly, such coils can be placed on a cylinder wall or on a cylinder end wall, which means that one side edge of the steel sheet is seated on the transport floor. In the latter case, handling such a steel coil is not very easy, since there is a risk that this very edge will be injured or damaged or bent, which produces rejects.

From the EP 1 907 301 B1 a protective device using foamed plastics is known which, on the one hand, gently accommodates coils and, on the other hand, secures the coils against slipping. In this case, a steel coil is inserted with its jacket wall into a foamed plastic part, the foamed plastic part having a recess which corresponds in terms of its roundness to the cylinder jacket wall of the steel coil and extends to about half the width of the coil. In front of and behind the coil, based on a container, there is a foamed plastic block which, next to the coil-receiving plastic block, rests against the cylinder end walls of the coil and is higher than the coil-receiving block, so that the coil is secured against rolling transversely to the longitudinal cylinder axis and against displacements along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

From the EP 1 415 927 B1 a transport system is known in which an orthogonal and in particular octahedral pallet structure made of wood is used, which is designed in such a way that a plurality of these octahedral pallets can be accommodated in a container, with the coils being placed on the pallets. The disadvantage here is that the edges of the sheet metal can be damaged by standing on a cylinder end wall.

From the U.S. 4,854,792 B is a transport protection for coils is known in which coils are stored in a railroad car on their front side, between the coil pads made of foamed plastic and plywood combinations are present.

From the U.S.A. 4,195,732 discloses an element for protectively supporting and spacing a plurality of rolls of sheet material, such as cellophane, formed in a multi-layered stack as an elongate rod. The rod has a plurality of spaced indentations along at least one elongate surface for receiving the rolls of the stack. The rod is designed with sufficient flexibility to allow limited relative movement between the rolls of the stack. This provides a high level of protection for the reels. At the same time, the rod has sufficient strength to prevent the stack from being crushed. The rod may be made of expanded polystyrene foam and is preferably shaped to clasp the ends of the rollers for protection.

From the U.S.A. 4,566,588 there is known an ammunition storage system comprising a plurality of like cases each having two internal compartments for receiving two ammunition rounds side by side, the top and bottom of each case being formed with complementary receiving elements which allow a number of like cases to be stacked and fastened together in a nested relationship to create a multi-layer honeycomb construction for a to form variety of ammunition cartridges. Each container is constructed with an outer rigid plastic housing, an inner liner for each chamber, and a cushion body of foamed plastic material surrounding each of the liners.

From the U.S. Patent No. 6,026,958 discloses a stackable crate and modular shelving system for storing large bottles horizontally. Each crate can be adjusted to accommodate multiple bottles held in various configurations. The crates provide stability when stacked on top of each other to form a modular rack. The individual crates include an alignment feature and a locking feature that also allows one stacked crate to be slid over another.

From the U.S.A. 4,435,463 discloses a structure for protectively supporting and spacing rolls of web material in a multi-layer stack. The structure includes an elongate member of expandable polystyrene material having a pair of opposing surfaces. A first of the surfaces has a plurality of spaced, parallel, generally semi-cylindrical depressions arranged to receive rolls of web material. The radius of each of the semi-cylindrical indentations is greater than the depth of the indentation so that the rollers are held snugly in the indentations in a pair of elements and the elements are out of contact with each other. The element has a plurality of cavities located on its lateral edge surfaces and extending transversely of the axis of the semi-cylindrical cavity to make the expanded foam material substantially uniform in thickness throughout to enhance its uniform hardening. The cavities extend only partially through the member and in the area between adjacent recesses, and each of these cavities has side walls which extend parallel to the contour of the outer end of the member.

From the US 2015/0 197 367 A1 discloses a cradle-shaped support structure for sheet metal coils intended for storage of sheet metal coils in warehouses (paragraph [0002]). To this end, the cradle-shaped support structure incorporates one or more pairs of opposed wedges to support the structure and ensure proper seating of the sheet metal coils for storage. The bearing surface of each of the wedges being oriented approximately 14° horizontally (paragraph [0005]) and thereby resting the sheet metal coils so that they do not protrude beyond the edges of the cradle-shaped bearing structure, allowing for an efficient storage structure in a warehouse. The chocks, cross members and frame members are all firmly secured by glue, nails and screws through the drilled or mounting holes 20 (paragraph [0027], first three sentences). The cross members 14, 15 and frame members 16 are made of hardwood (paragraph [0027]). In addition, other hard materials can be used, such as plastic, metal, etc. (paragraph [0027], last line).

From the DE 2 428 883 A1 a barrel carrier is known, which consists of at least two elongate crossbeams arranged parallel to one another with spaces between them and at least two main beams connected to the crossbeams and also arranged perpendicularly to the crossbeams. These crossbeams in turn preferably have circular incisions for holding barrels or other cylindrical objects. Such keg carriers are used for the transport and storage of beer kegs, for example. They can also be used for other cylindrical objects such as drums, tubes and barrels.

From the JP 3 161 005 U an arrangement for a fastening device for a steel bundle/steel coil is known (paragraph [0005]). Here, the fastening device includes a locating plate made of resin and comprising at least one floor and two side floors (paragraph [0006]). The floor has a first surface and a second surface corresponding to the first surface, two of the side floors are attached to the first surface, and each of the two side floors has a slope. However, the slope is aligned towards the center of the base, with a receiving surface being formed between the slopes of the two lateral bases, which can receive the steel coil (paragraph [0006], second section). The material of the bottom 11 and the side bottoms 12 of the localization plate can be made of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer), RUBBER SHAP (rubber) or styrofoam (paragraph [0012]).

From the DE 699 25 299 T2 a pallet for coil-shaped heavy objects is known.

Here, a wooden construction is present, which has beveled, wedge-shaped floor elements and these wedge-shaped, beveled floor elements are spaced apart from one another in such a way that a steel coil can be placed thereon with its cylinder jacket wall, so that the coil is prevented from rolling. In order to achieve end-side securing, the wedge-shaped floor elements are provided with end-side blocking elements that overlap with respect to the coil, so that a axial displacement is impeded. These engage in corresponding grooves so that they can be adjusted according to the size of a coil.

The construction rests on runners, which serve as a substructure transverse to the length of the coil.

In the case of known safety systems made of wood, quality defects are usually caused by transport damage, and known systems made of wood massively increase the dead weight of a container, so that there is a weight disadvantage. The weight of the wood for two coils can be up to 500 kg.

Another disadvantage of the transport systems with foamed plastic is that the coils have to be maneuvered into the container with special vehicles and placed on the plastic molding there.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a transport system which can be reused or disposed of without problems and is easier to handle.

The object is achieved with a method having the feature of claim 1.

According to the invention, it has been found that the prior art systems have many disadvantages. Either a material mix of plastics, metals and wood is used, which makes disposal difficult.

The disadvantage of the current wooden system is that these are also difficult to handle and are very heavy in the current design.

According to the invention, a plastic pallet system is used in which a plastic slide in the form of a pallet is used as a base in a simple manner. Such a carriage in pallet form has the advantage that, on the one hand, the runners make it easy for a forklift truck to drive under the pallet, and to that extent the coil can be handled together with the carriage. Compared to known solutions, this has the decisive advantage that the coil itself does not have to be lifted and rests on the carriage. To accommodate the coil, the carriage has a foamed plastic part which is connected to the carriage and, in particular, is formed in one piece with the carriage, so that the coil is accommodated by the planks with its cylindrical almond wall fitted exactly.

It has been shown that with this recording according to the invention, the coil is stored particularly safely and gently and at the same time can be handled and moved in an excellent manner.

If the coil is lashed with tension belts accordingly on this slide with plastic part, a high pressure can be exerted in addition to the weight pressure of the coil without creating impressions in the coil. At the same time, the static friction between the coil and the plastic part is so high that anchoring with tension belts in particular is sufficient to counteract axial displacement of the coils.

The slides also have the advantage that they can be moved in and out of a standard container, for example a 20' or 40' container according to ISO-668, without having to maneuver the coil separately. The sleds can also be easily pulled out of the container with the straps attached.

The carriages are preferably adapted to the width of the container, with wooden slats being arranged in the floor area inside the container if necessary in order to facilitate the retraction of the carriage without damaging or bumping into the side walls of the container, which often consist of trapezoidal sheet metal.

According to the invention, if desired, the corresponding slides can also be fixed in a container, but then it is necessary to insert the coil with a corresponding coil car and then to anchor it in the container.

• 1 stark schematisiert ein erfindungsgemäßes Transportsystem für Stahlcoils;
• 2 stark schematisiert das Transportsystem im Querschnitt;
• 3 stark schematisiert einen Längsschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Transportsystem;
• 4 stark schematisiert das Transportsystem mit einem Stahlcoil in einem Längsschnitt;
• 5 stark schematisiert das erfindungsgemäße Transportsystem in einem Container.

The invention is explained by way of example with reference to a drawing. It show here

• 1 highly schematized a transport system according to the invention for steel coils;
• 2 highly schematized cross-section of the transport system;
• 3 highly schematic longitudinal section through the transport system according to the invention;
• 4 highly schematized the transport system with a steel coil in a longitudinal section;
• 5 highly schematized transport system according to the invention in a container.

A transport system 1 according to the invention for coils or steel coils 2 has a carriage 3 with a plurality of runners 4. If necessary, a plurality of runners 4 are also in particular in their end areas 5 bridging and connecting crossbeams 6 present.

The foamed plastic part 7 is present on the crossbeams 6 . The plastic part 7 preferably ends with the outermost runners 4 of the carriage 3 .

The runners 4 and the crossbeams 6 are shown in cross-section, for example square or rectangular, in the manner of a pallet. The pallet 3 thus formed is made of a plastic, for example.

A steel coil 2 to be transported has a cylindrical shape with a cylinder jacket wall 8 and two cylinder end walls 9 running parallel to one another, which are formed by the side edges of the rolled steel sheet 10 .

The coils 2 are usually secured against rolling up or shifting of individual sheet metal layers with longitudinally running tie straps 11 and tie straps 12 running in the circumferential direction.

The foamed plastic part 7 preferably has a cylindrical recess 13 in the longitudinal center, which is introduced from an upper side 14 of the plastic part 7 in the direction of the runners 4 . The cylindrical recess 13 corresponds in terms of its cylinder radius to the outer radius of the cylinder jacket wall 8 of the coil 2. A steel coil 2 can accordingly be accommodated therein in a form-fitting manner.

When the carriage 3 or the pallet 3 is made of plastic, the pallet 3 or the carriage 3 is preferably produced in one piece, for example using the transfer molding process, and the individual parts are of a thickness that is dimensioned such that the very heavy coils can be safely accommodated .

The foamed plastic part 7 is in this case, for example, formed in one piece with the carriage, for example by gluing and in particular with a positive fit in that there are recesses in the foamed plastic part 7 which engage in the crossbeams 6 .

A one-piece design by complete transfer molding and foaming of only the plastic part 7 is fundamentally conceivable. In order to ensure secure mounting of the foamed plastic part 7 on the carriage 3, projections or columnar engagement means (not shown) can also protrude from the carriage 3 into corresponding recesses in the foamed plastic part and can also be glued there. It is also possible to arrange additional supports 19 running parallel to the runners 4 or, for example, diagonally, on the transverse supports 6 in such a way that these also protrude into corresponding recesses in the foamed plastic part and the plastic part is glued to them or connected in some other way. In addition, the crossbeams 6 or the beams 19 can additionally be formed with columns, projections or bearing journals protruding into the plastic part.

The carriage 3 or the pallet 3 is made of a plastic, with polyolefins or polyamides being used in particular. Polyolefins such as polyethene or polypropene and polyamides are commonly used plastics, which are often processed into pallets, and they can be produced very well using the injection molding process. Furthermore, these materials have good sliding properties and are very robust at the same time, so that they can be used particularly well for loading containers and for sliding on the corresponding metals.

The foamed plastic for the foamed plastic part 7 can be a foamed polystyrene, so-called particle foam being used in a preferred embodiment. Particle foams have the advantage that the existing skin of the foam particles, which are connected to one another in a mold by the action of heat, creates a three-dimensional, very stable network, so that such processed particle foams have a higher load-bearing capacity and resistance than conventional foamed ones plastics.

It is particularly preferred if the pallet or the carriage 3 and the foamed plastic body 7 are made of a homogeneous plastic material, i.e. if the pallet is made of a polyolefin, in particular a polyethene or a polypropene, and the foamed plastic part 7 is made of a particle foam which consists of the same material, i.e. for example also of a polyethene or polypropene. In this respect, for example, the carriage 3 is made of a polypropylene or an HD polypropylene and the particle foam is also made of foamed PP particles.

This can also have manufacturing advantages, in particular if the pallet 3 or the carriage is placed in a particle foam mold and the foam particles are introduced into the corresponding mold in a manner known per se and through the influence of heat connected to each other and to the pallet in one piece. The cavities in the pallet 3 or the carriage 3, which should remain free in particular as access for forklift forks, can be kept free in a manner known per se by so-called tool slides.

The runners 4 are selected according to their number and distribution so that they can absorb the weight of a steel coil and distribute it evenly on the bottom of a container or a storage location.

In addition, the runners 4 are arranged in such a way that a forklift can reach under them accordingly.

The runners 4 are designed in such a way that the carriage can also be pushed into a container 15 on the runners and placed on a floor 16 of the container. In the case of plastic in particular, there are usually good sliding properties here.

In order to make it easier to slide the carriage 3 into a container 15 or onto a container floor 16, spacer boards 18 made of wood or plastic can be provided on the container walls 17 in the area of the container floor 16, so that when the carriage is pushed in, the outermost runners of the carriage can be separated from these boards 18 be performed without the runners 4 touching the container walls 17 directly.

If there are suitable feed directions in a container, the carriage and/or the coil can be fixed in the container with the feed directions.

Otherwise, the carriages 3 are dimensioned such that a container length in terms of the axial length (relative to the longitudinal extension of the runners) is an integer multiple of the carriage length, so that a plurality of carriages in the container are fixed axially even after the container has been closed.

If only two coils are transported in a container, the carriages can each make up half the length of the container. Depending on the length of the container, the carriage and the coils, a carriage loaded with a steel coil can also be pushed into the container, then an unloaded carriage as an axial placeholder, then a loaded carriage again and then either the container can be closed or else after axial expansion of the carriage, another empty carriage can be inserted into the container as a spacer and filling carriage.

The advantage of the invention is that a transport system is made available in a simple, safe and weight-saving manner, which can be used several times, can be easily returned or can be easily disposed of at the place of use.

In addition, the transporting steel coils can also be transported further with the transport system and also stored or parked.

Due to the simple design of the transport system, this is also optimized in terms of weight.

Of course, the application is not limited to the transport of sheet steel coils, but can also be used for aluminum sheet coils or magnesium sheet coils or similar metallic coils.

Reference List

1

transport system

2

coil

3

Sleds

4

skids

5

end areas

6

cross member

7

foamed plastic part

8th

cylinder wall

9

cylinder end wall

10

sheet steel

11

ties

12

ties

13

cylindrical recess

14

top of 7

15

Container

16

container floor

17

container walls

18

spacer boards

19

carrier

Claims (1)

Method for producing a transport system (1) for steel coils or steel bundles (2), the transport system (1) as a carriage (3) or pallet (3) with a plurality of longitudinally extending runners running parallel to one another (4) and a foamed plastic part (7) is arranged on the carriage (3) and the plastic part (7) has a recess (13), the recesses (13) being a cylinder jacket wall sector for receiving the steel coil (2) in a form-fitting manner. correspond, wherein the transport system is essentially made of plastic, characterized in that the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) is injection-molded from a polyolefin or polyamide and the foamed plastic part (7) is made from a particle foam, the The carriage (3) and the foamed plastic part (7) are connected either by gluing, plugging, latching or welding together, or the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) and the foamed plastic part (7) are connected to one another in one piece whereby a previously injection-molded pallet (3) or carriage (3) is placed in a particle foam mold and then the particle foam is blown into the mold or introduced in some other way and then the particle foam is connected to one another by the action of heat and at the same time the particle foam is connected in one piece to the pallet (3) at the contact points, with desired areas of the carriage (3) or the pallet (3) that are not filled with particle foam being kept free or filled with tool slides.

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