DE102017112334B4 - Planetary gear with multi-part planet carrier and a form-fitting connection against an axial movement of three components - Google Patents

Abstract

Planetary gear (1) for a motor vehicle, with a multi-part planetary carrier (2) in which a plurality of planetary gears (3) can be rotatably mounted, the planetary carrier (2) having a base body (4) on which at least one plate (5) of the planetary carrier (2) is fastened axially and rotationally fixed, the base body (4) of the planetary carrier (2) being secured against axial movement via a form-fitting connection (10) in relation to a torque-transmitting component (9), the same form-fitting connection (10) forming the plate ( 5) of the planetary carrier (2) relative to the torque transmission component (9) against axial movement, characterized in that the positive connection (10) is designed as a snap connection, as a bayonet connection or as a circlip connection.

Description

The invention relates to a planetary gear, in particular for a two-stage planetary gear or for a compact gear in an E-axis, for a motor vehicle, with a multi-part planetary carrier in which a large number of planetary gears can be rotatably mounted, the planetary carrier having a base body on which at least a plate of the planetary carrier is fastened axially and rotationally fixed, the base body of the planetary carrier being secured against axial movement by a form-fitting connection with respect to a torque-transmitting component.

In order to avoid a relatively complex and cost-intensive production of a one-piece cast planet carrier due to the use of insert cores, multi-part planet carriers are often used.

However, multi-part planet carriers of the prior art are usually composed of two or more sheet metal components and fastened to one another, for example, by means of a riveted or welded connection. However, a welded connection is not an option, for example, if a cast part is to be connected to a sheet metal part, if thermal distortion is to be expected from welding the components, or if assembly and disassembly is to be made easier. There are various solutions in the prior art for connecting two components to one another without a welded joint.

For example, the revealed DE 20 31 654 A a torsionally rigid connection, in particular a gear stage, with two interacting gear elements, each of which carries a ring element which has an axially extending cylindrical extension and which produces a torsionally rigid coupling with the ring element of the other gear element, the ring elements being made of sheet metal and in their cylindrical Extension have axially extending, tooth-like indentations, which are in the manner of a spline in mutual engagement.

In addition, the DE 39 22 827 A1 a housing part made of thin-walled sheet metal for a clutch or the like. With a base, with a closed housing wall, with axially parallel ribs and with stops for the axial fixing of a ring, snap ring or the like., The ribs being spaced from the stops on a cylindrical Wall piece end and wherein the stops are arranged in the cylindrical wall piece.

Furthermore, the DE 10 2006 018 496 A1 a connection of sheet metal components of a transmission, wherein the connection has at least one positive connection between at least one first sheet metal component and at least one second sheet metal component, and the positive connection is formed by means of at least one pin protruding from the first sheet metal component, the pin being at least partially connected to the outer Contour of the pin corresponding opening engages on the second sheet metal component, the pin engages behind the second sheet metal component at least on an undercut of the second sheet metal component and that the sheet metal components are permanently connected to each other at the undercut.

Also revealed the DE 103 02 075 A1 an arrangement for the axial support of two components rotating together by means of a snap ring, which has two impact ends spaced apart by a circumferential gap, movable in the area of a radial spring travel and is inserted into an annular groove of the supporting component, the component to be supported having at least one ramp in the area of the radial Has spring travel of the butt ends of the snap ring.

the DE 36 37 299 A1 describes a planetary gear carrier with two annular discs of the same shape stamped from sheet metal, which are arranged coaxially and in mirror images of one another and each have a plurality of cylindrical bearing journals offset from one another in the circumferential direction and intermediate bridge cams.

the DE 39 22 827 A1 describes a housing part with a bottom, with a closed housing wall with axially parallel ribs based on material offset and with stops for axially fixing a ring, the ribs resting at a distance from the stops on a cylindrical wall piece that carries the stops.

the DE 10 2011 080 080 A1 describes a gear arrangement with a planetary gear with a planet carrier holding one end of the planet wheel bolts, a bolt carrier holding the other end of the planet wheel bolts and a disk carrier for a clutch connected to the subassembly formed by planet carrier and bolt carrier. Planet carrier, bolt carrier and plate carrier are independent components connected to each other via a common set of bolts.

However, the prior art has the disadvantage that these known connection techniques are either not suitable for connecting cast parts to sheet metal parts, or a connection of cast parts and sheet metal parts is very expensive, ie can be realized through additional design effort, only through several safety elements or only if the functionality of the planet carrier is impaired. In the case of existing multi-part planetary carriers, each component must be secured against axial displacement using a securing component.

It is therefore the object of the invention to avoid or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a multi-part planetary carrier is to be developed that can be particularly easily and cost-effectively connected, if possible with existing and as few elements as possible, to a component that transmits torque to the planetary carrier, in particular in an axially fixed manner. In particular, all separate components of the planetary carrier should be secured against axial displacement relative to the torque-transmitting component and against each other. It should also be possible to set cast parts and sheet metal parts against each other.

The object of the invention is achieved with a generic device according to the invention in that the same positive connection, namely the one that secures the base body of the planet carrier against the torque transmission component against axial movement, also secures the plate of the planet carrier against axial movement against the torque transmission component. This means that the positive connection is designed in such a way that it prevents both a relative axial movement of the base body with respect to the torque transmission component and a relative axial movement of the plate with respect to the torque transmission component.

This has the advantage that only one securing element is required to axially fix three separate components against one another. Thus, on the one hand, the number of components required is reduced and, on the other hand, the manufacture of the components and the assembly are made easier.

According to the invention, the form-fitting connection is designed as a snap connection, a bayonet connection or a locking ring connection, since these connections are easy to assemble and, with a suitable design, allow several, in particular three, components to be fixed axially relative to one another.

In the case of a form-fit connection via a circlip connection, it is possible to design the circlip both as an open ring, i.e. with a circumferential gap, and as a closed ring.

Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the dependent claims and are explained in more detail below.

It is advantageous if a locking ring for preventing the axial movement of the base body, the plate and the torque transmission component against each other in the assembled state in first recesses formed in the base body, in second recesses formed in the plate, and in third Recesses formed in the torque transmission component, engages and thereby axially fixes the components against each other. As a result, both the base body and the plate are advantageously fixed with respect to the torque transmission component to prevent axial movement via a single retaining ring.

In addition, it is useful if the circlip is designed as an internal circlip, i. i.e. as a retaining ring which is compressed during assembly and, in the assembled state, engages in the recesses which extend radially outwards into the component from an inner diameter of the component.

In particular, it is preferred if the retaining ring is designed as a snap ring, i.e. with an annular gap/circumferential gap, since this is a standard part, particularly inexpensive and can be easily manufactured in any size, i.e. with any diameter and any ring width.

It is also advantageous if the first recesses, the second recesses and/or the third recesses are designed as grooves with a U-shaped cross section. As a result, the retaining ring can engage particularly well in the recesses. It is also possible for the grooves to have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the first recesses are formed in first positive-locking elements to prevent relative rotation with respect to the torque-transmitting component in the base body, and/or the second recesses are formed in second positive-locking elements for preventing relative rotation with respect to the torque-transmitting component in the plate and/or the third recesses are formed in counter-positive locking elements to prevent relative rotation with respect to the base body and / or the plate in the torque transmission component. So can at the same time a positive connection to prevent axial movement and a positive connection to the form-fitting elements of the components Be designed to prevent axial displacement.

Furthermore, a favorable exemplary embodiment is characterized in that the base body of the planetary carrier is produced without cutting, for example by archetypes, since complex geometries can also be produced in this way.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the torque transmission component is produced by archetypes.

It is also expedient if the plate is designed as a sheet metal component/deep-drawn component. Especially when archetype components, ie cast components/cast components, interact with sheet metal components, it is particularly difficult to fix these axially against one another, since welding is only possible with difficulty. The axial fixing of the components according to the invention is therefore particularly useful when cast components are connected to sheet metal components.

It is also expedient if the width of the first recesses, the second recesses and/or the third recesses extends in the circumferential direction and/or the depth extends in the radial direction of the planet carrier. In this way, the components can interact with an internal circlip for axial fixing.

It is also advantageous if the first recesses, the second recesses and/or the third recesses have a constant depth, since the seat of the securing ring is particularly good in this way, since it can bear against a base/bottom of the recess/groove.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the first recesses, the second recesses and/or the third recesses extend radially outwards from a radial inner side of the corresponding components. As a result, the retaining ring can be inserted into the recesses simply by pressing it together and then snapping it outwards.

It is particularly advantageous if the form-fitting connection secures at least one cast component and at least one sheet metal component against one another in the axial direction, since welding a cast component to a sheet metal part in particular is very difficult.

It is also preferred if the base body of the planetary carrier has first positive-locking elements and the plate of the planetary carrier has second positive-locking elements, the first positive-locking elements and the second positive-locking elements being counter-positive-locking elements of a torque-transmitting component to prevent relative rotation of the components, i.e. the basic body, the plate and the torque-transmitting component , intervene against each other. This has the advantage that, in particular on the torque transmission component, only one type of counter form-fitting element has to be formed, into which the first form-fitting element of the base body and the second form-fitting element of the plate can engage. The production of the planetary carrier and the torque transmission component is thus considerably simplified without impairing the functionality, namely torque transmission.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the first positive-locking elements and the second positive-locking elements are arranged in one plane, so that the counter-positive-locking elements can also be arranged in one plane, which advantageously considerably simplifies production and assembly.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the plane is arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the planetary carrier, since the torque can be transmitted from the torque transmission component to the axis of rotation of the multi-part planetary carrier in a particularly advantageous manner.

It is also expedient if the first form-fitting elements and the second form-fitting elements are of the same type, d. H., are formed with the same external geometry, from the same material and / or with the same dimensions. It is no longer necessary to ensure that the first positive-locking elements and the second positive-locking elements engage in the corresponding counter-positive-locking elements, since they are designed exactly the same, i.e. the corresponding counter-positive-locking elements are also identical and therefore not dependent on a specific rotational alignment of the engaging components to one another must be respected. In addition, it is ensured in this way that the torque-transmitting surfaces of the first form-fitting elements and the second form-fitting elements are of the same size, so that the surface pressure is approximately the same on all surfaces.

It is also advantageous if a first form-fitting element and a second form-fitting element interact with the same counter-form-fitting element. Thus, only one counter-positive locking element has to be formed on the torque transmission component in order to fix two separate components rotationally and in a torque-transmitting manner.

Furthermore, it is expedient if the first positive-locking elements and the second positive-locking elements are arranged on the circumference of a circle around the axis of rotation of the planet carrier, since the torque can then be transmitted uniformly to the axis of rotation.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the circle is coaxial/concentric to the axis of the planet carrier.

In addition, it is expedient if the first form-fitting elements and the second form-fitting elements are designed and arranged in such a way that, in the assembled state, they alternate/alternately, e.g. B at regular or irregular intervals, are arranged on the circumference of the circle.

It is also advantageous if, when the planetary carrier is in the installed state, side surfaces of the first form-locking elements and the second form-locking elements that extend in the axial direction, i.e. perpendicular to the circumferential direction, are in contact with side surfaces of the counter form-locking elements that extend in the axial direction for torque transmission. This ensures that the torque to be transmitted is transmitted to the planet carrier without major losses.

It is also advantageous if, in the installed state, front surfaces of the first positive-locking elements and the second positive-locking elements that extend in the radial direction, i.e. perpendicular to the axial direction, are in contact with front surfaces of the counter-positive locking elements that are perpendicular to the axial direction for axial positioning. So the axial position of the components is limited in an axial direction.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the base body of the planetary carrier is produced without cutting, for example by primary shaping, in particular by casting. This allows a variety of shapes to be achieved that can be produced relatively inexpensively.

It is also advantageous if the torque transmission component is produced without cutting, for example by primary shaping, in particular by casting, which makes it possible to produce complex geometries. It is also advantageous for the torque transmission component if complex geometries can be produced.

It is also advantageous if the plate of the planetary carrier is designed as a deep-drawn part/as a sheet metal part, since the plate can be manufactured particularly inexpensively in this way.

Furthermore, it is expedient if the base body and/or the plate are/is secured against axial displacement in relation to the torque transmission component by a form-fitting connection. As a result, the axial position of the components can also be fixed relative to one another, so that the planetary gear cannot fall apart.

It is also advantageous if the positive connection against axial displacement is designed as a snap connection, as a bayonet connection or as a locking ring connection. In this way, the components can each be secured against one another simply and inexpensively using existing elements for axial securing with full functionality.

• 1 eine Explosionsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Planetenträgers und eines Drehmomentübertragungsbauteils,
• 2 eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen, montierten Planetengetriebes,
• 3 eine Seitenansicht des Planetengetriebes,
• 4 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Planetengetriebes von einer Rückseite, und
• 5 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Planetengetriebes von einer Vorderseite.

The invention is explained below with the aid of figures. Show it:

• 1 an exploded view of a planet carrier according to the invention and a torque transmission component,
• 2 a side view of a mounted planetary gear according to the invention,
• 3 a side view of the planetary gear,
• 4 a perspective view of the planetary gear from a rear side, and
• 5 a perspective view of the planetary gear from a front.

The figures are only of a schematic nature and serve exclusively for understanding the invention. The same elements are denoted by the same reference numbers.

1 shows a planetary gear 1 for a motor vehicle with a multi-part planetary carrier 2. In the planetary carrier 2, a plurality of planetary gears 3 can be rotatably mounted. The planetary carrier 2 has a base body 4 to which at least one plate 5 of the planetary carrier 2 is fixed axially and rotationally. First positive-locking elements 6 are formed on the base body 4 and second positive-locking elements 7 are formed on the plate 5 . In the assembled state, the first positive-locking elements 6 of the base body 4 and the second positive-locking elements 7 of the plate 5 engage in counter-positive-locking elements 8, which are formed on a torque transmission component 9, in order to rotate the base body 4, the plate 5 and the torque transmission component 9 relative to one another prevent and ensure torque transmission.

On the base body 4 of the planetary carrier 2 there is also a further positive connection 10 designed to secure the base body 4 relative to the torque transmission component 9 against axial movement. The form-fitting connection 10 is designed in such a way that it also secures the plate 5 of the planet carrier 2 against an axial movement relative to the torque transmission component 9 , ie prevents a relative axial movement of the plate 5 relative to the torque transmission component 9 .

The first form-fitting elements 6 and the second form-fitting elements 7 are designed in the manner of a projection or pin, which protrudes in the axial direction in the direction of the torque transmission component 9 . The first and second form-fitting elements 6, 7 are arranged on the circumference of a circle around the axis of rotation of the planet carrier 2 and in a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The form-fitting elements 6, 7 each have a front face 11 which extends in the radial direction, ie lies in a plane which is perpendicular to the axial direction. The form-fitting elements 6, 7 each have two mutually parallel side surfaces 12, which extend in the axial direction, that is to say lie in a plane which is perpendicular to the circumferential direction.

The counter form locking elements 8 of the torque transmission component 9 are designed in the manner of a recess or notch, which extend from an axial end surface of the torque transmission component 9 facing the planetary carrier 2 into the torque transmission component 9 in the axial direction. The counter form-locking elements 8 are designed as a negative form of the form-locking elements 6, 7. Accordingly, the mating form-fitting elements 8 have front surfaces 13 extending in the radial direction and two parallel side surfaces 14 extending in the axial direction. In the assembled state, the front surfaces 11 of the first and second form-locking elements 6, 7 are in contact with the corresponding front surfaces 13 of the counter form-locking elements 8 and the side surfaces 12 of the first and second form-locking elements 6, 7 are in contact with the corresponding side surfaces 14 of the counter form-locking elements 8.

The torque is transmitted from the torque transmission component 9 to the plate 5 and the base body 4 via the side surfaces 12 , 14 . The front surfaces 11, 13 are used for the axial positioning of the plate 5, the base body 4 and the torque transmission component 9 relative to one another.

Centering lugs 15 protruding in the axial direction are formed on the first and second form-locking elements 6, 7 and, in the assembled state, engage in centering recesses correspondingly formed on the counter-form-locking elements 8, so that a precise centering of the components 4, 5, 9 relative to one another is facilitated.

On the base body 4 and the plate 5 there are steps 16 which are coordinated with one another and are distributed over the circumference.

To assemble the planet carrier 2, the plate 5 and a carrier cheek 17 are attached to the base body 4 or joined axially. Both the plate 5 and the carrier cheek 17 and the base body 4 have compensating gear recesses 18, via which compensating gears 19 are mounted, and planetary gear recesses 20, via which planetary gears 3 are mounted, which are aligned with one another in the assembled state. Furthermore, there are fastening holes 21 in the carrier cheek 17, via which the carrier cheek 17 is fastened to the base body 4.

For the axial fixing of the base body 4, the plate 5 and the torque transmission component 9 in relation to one another, a positive connection 10 is formed, in which a locking ring 22 is inserted into first recesses 23 formed on the base body 4, into second recesses 24 formed on the plate are, and in third recesses 25, which are formed in the torque transmission member 9, a. The first, second and third recesses 23, 24, 25 are designed as grooves.

The retaining ring 22 has a circumferential gap 26 so that it can be pressed together for assembly and inserted into the recesses 23, 24, 25 from the radially inside. The first, second and third recesses 23, 24, 25 have a U-shaped cross section. The first recesses 23 are formed in the first form-fitting elements 6 and the second recesses 24 are formed in the second form-fitting elements 7 . The third recesses 25 are formed in projections which are arranged in the circumferential direction between the mating form-fitting elements 8 .

The first, second and third recesses 23, 24, 25 are coordinated so that the retaining ring 22 can be inserted into the recesses 23, 24, 25, ie that through the recesses 23, 24, 25 a negative form of the retaining ring in the axial to connect components, namely the plate 5, the base body 4 and the torque transmission component 9 is formed.

2 until 5 show side views and perspective views of the planetary carrier 2, on which the planetary gears 3 and the differential gears 19 are each mounted via a bolt 27 and which is connected to the torque transmission component 9 .

Reference List

1

planetary gear

2

planet carrier

3

planet wheel

4

body

5

plate

6

first form-fitting elements

7

second form-fitting elements

8th

counter-locking elements

9

torque transmission component

10

positive connection

11

front face

12

side face

13

front face

14

side face

15

centering nose

16

step

17

carrier cheek

18

balance gear recess

19

balance wheel

20

planet gear recess

21

mounting recess

22

locking ring

23

first recesses

24

second recesses

25

third recesses

26

circumferential gap

27

bolt

Claims (9)

Planetary gear (1) for a motor vehicle, with a multi-part planetary carrier (2) in which a plurality of planetary gears (3) can be rotatably mounted, the planetary carrier (2) having a base body (4) on which at least one plate (5) of the planetary carrier (2) is fastened axially and rotationally fixed, the base body (4) of the planetary carrier (2) being secured against axial movement via a form-fitting connection (10) in relation to a torque-transmitting component (9), the same form-fitting connection (10) forming the plate ( 5) of the planetary carrier (2) relative to the torque transmission component (9) against axial movement, characterized in that the positive connection (10) is designed as a snap connection, as a bayonet connection or as a locking ring connection. Planetary gear (1) after claim 1 , characterized in that a locking ring (22) of the locking ring connection for preventing the axial movement of the base body (4), the plate (5) and the torque transmission component (9) against each other in the assembled state in first recesses (23) in the base body ( 4) are formed, engages in second recesses (24) formed in the plate (5) and in third recesses (25) formed in the torque transmission member (9). Planetary gear (1) after claim 2 , characterized in that the locking ring (22) is designed as an internal locking ring. Planetary gear (1) after claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the first recesses (23), the second recesses (24) and/or the third recesses (25) are designed as grooves with a U-shaped cross section. Planetary gear (1) according to one of claims 2 until 4 , characterized in that the first recesses (23) in first positive-locking elements (6) which are formed on the base body (4) to prevent relative rotation of the base body (4) with respect to the torque transmission component (9), and/or the second recesses (24 ), which are formed in second form-fitting elements (7) to prevent relative rotation of the plate (5) with respect to the torque transmission component (9) on the plate (5) and/or the third recesses (25) in counter-form-fitting elements (8) to prevent relative rotation of the torque transmission component (9) relative to the base body (4) and/or the plate (5) are formed on the torque transmission component (9). Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the base body (4) is produced by archetypes. Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the torque transmission component (9) is produced by archetypes. Planetary gear (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the plate (5) is designed as a sheet metal component. Planetary gear (1) according to one of claims 2 until 8th , characterized in that the first recesses (23), the second recesses (24) and/or the third recesses (25) extend in the circumferential direction.

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