DE102017003224A1 - Arrangement and method for holding an optical workpiece and optical workpiece and glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

There are proposed an arrangement with an optical workpiece and a holding element, a method for holding an optical workpiece and an optical workpiece and a pair of glasses formed therefrom, wherein the optical workpiece and / or the holding element is produced generatively / is.

Description

The present invention relates to an arrangement comprising an optical workpiece and a holding member for holding the optical workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for holding an optical workpiece according to the preamble of claim 20, an optical workpiece, preferably an optical lens according to Preamble of claim 37 or 50 and a pair of glasses.

An optical workpiece, for example an optical lens for a pair of glasses, should have certain optical properties. Common practice is to temporarily attach a blank of the optical workpiece on a holder - such as a block piece - and then machined depending on the desired optical properties, such as machining or material removal, for example by turning and / or milling. The optical workpiece can also be machined peripherally or edge erosive material, in particular for mounting on a spectacle frame.

As an alternative to the abovementioned conventional, material-removing production methods, optical workpieces or lenses can in principle be produced generatively, even if this is still difficult in practice.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "generative" is understood in particular to mean the production of a component based on a generative or additive or comparable manufacturing process. In this case, the component to be produced is preferably initially provided in the form of a three-dimensional image data set (CAD model) and, in particular, in layers as part of the production process - that is to say generatively or material-applying or constructive.

For optical workpieces or lenses for spectacles, ie spectacle lenses, the requirements are particularly high, since in addition to compliance with low manufacturing tolerances and high surface quality and optical properties - for example, a sufficiently high transparency and a defined refractive behavior - must be achieved. In addition, aspects in terms of post-processing and assembly, especially in a spectacle frame, important.

As a result, efficient use of generative manufacturing processes to fabricate optical workpieces or assemblies is difficult but desirable.

The DE 10 2013 222 232 A1 discloses an assembly with a mold and a lens blank and a related manufacturing method. The casting mold has a casting shell for receiving a first flat side of the lens blank. The mold and the lens blank are generatively produced by a 3D printing process. A disadvantage of this known arrangement is that an efficient or simple processing, in particular a uniform coating, a flat side facing away from the casting mold of the lens blank is not or at most only very difficult. Furthermore, desired, in particular individualized, optical properties are not taken into account or at best insufficiently taken into consideration during production preparation. Finally, a subsequent assembly of the spectacle lens in a spectacle frame is comparatively complicated and costly.

The WO 2015/165435 A1 discloses a method for the generative production of an optical lens, wherein a support of the lens is not discussed.

The DE 10 2014 012 046 A1 discloses a method of manufacturing an optical lens, in particular by laser sintering (SLS).

The present invention has for its object to provide an arrangement, a method for holding an optical workpiece, an optical workpiece, preferably an optical lens, in particular for a pair of spectacles, and a pair of spectacles, wherein in the context of generative manufacturing an efficient, fast and / or cost-effective production and / or a fast, flexible, easy and / or cost-effective handling allows or is supported.

The above object is achieved by an arrangement according to claim 1, a method according to claim 20, an optical workpiece according to claim 37 or 50 or spectacles according to claim 56. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

A first aspect of the present invention is that an arrangement with a preferably disc-shaped or flat optical workpiece, preferably an optical lens, in particular for a pair of spectacles, is provided, wherein the arrangement has a holding element for the optical workpiece. According to the invention, the optical workpiece is held at least substantially in a form-fitting manner and / or laterally by the retaining element. This simplifies the production and / or further handling and allows or simplifies a fastening of the workpiece to the holding element, so that in particular the so-called blocking can be dispensed with. Thus, an effective and / or rapid post-processing, preferably coating, in particular a flat side allows the optical workpiece, since the optical workpiece is securely held laterally by means of the holding member, whereas the flat side to be machined is at least substantially exposed. This is particularly advantageous in the case of highly dynamic post-processing processes, for example spin coating and / or dip coating, since a secure and defined fixation is important here.

Particularly preferably, both the optical workpiece and the retaining element are produced generatively. In this way, corresponding advantages can be realized.

The holding element preferably has an at least substantially circular outline in its plan view. This allows a very simple and / or cost-effective connection to corresponding processing devices and / or a safe and / or effective handling or coating.

Particularly preferably, the outline of the workpiece is individually adapted to a spectacle frame and / or formed in its plan view at least substantially out of round. This allows a very simple and / or cost-effective implementation, especially since a shaping edge processing of the optical workpiece can be omitted or simplified for adaptation to a spectacle frame.

In particular, the workpiece is held securely along its entire circumference by the retaining element.

Preferably, the thicknesses of the holding member and the optical workpiece are at least substantially equal. This allows efficient and / or fast processing.

Particularly preferably, one or each flat side of the workpiece is substantially smooth and / or interruption-free - that is, flush with the surface - into a subsequent surface of the holding element. Thus, a simple and / or high-quality processing, preferably a full-surface uniform coating of the flat side - especially by spin coating - supported or only possible.

In particular, the retaining element engages exclusively on a peripherally closed narrow-side edge surface or circumferential surface of the optical workpiece. Particularly preferably, the holding element engages with a holding surface on the edge surface or peripheral surface, in particular wherein the holding surface and the edge surface are at least substantially complementary to each other. This allows an efficient and / or secure peripheral or circumferential support or fixation of the optical workpiece by means of the holding element.

With particular preference, different materials are used for the optical workpiece and the holding element, which differ from one another with respect to their mechanical properties, preferably hardness and / or density and / or strength and / or elasticity and / or plasticity, in particular so that a fast, safe and secure / or cost-effective joining of the optical workpiece and the holding element and / or a fast, safe and / or cost-effective release of the optical workpiece supported by the holding element or only be enabled / will.

A proposed method is characterized according to a second, also independently realizable aspect of the present invention in particular by the fact that an optical workpiece and / or a holding element for the optical workpiece is produced generatively or, wherein the optical workpiece form-fitting and / or laterally of the holding element is held. This results in turn corresponding advantages, as in the above arrangement.

Preferably, the optical workpiece and the holding element are produced simultaneously or in the context of a common generative manufacturing process and / or in particular as an already completely assembled arrangement or assembly. Accordingly, a very fast and / or simple production or processing is possible.

Alternatively, the optical workpiece and the holding element are produced as separate or independent components and preferably subsequently assembled or assembled. In particular, the optical workpiece, on the one hand, and the retaining element, on the other hand, are produced in each case by different generative manufacturing methods. In this way, the desired component properties of the optical workpiece and the holding element can be realized in a targeted manner by selecting correspondingly suitable generative production methods.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, which can also be implemented independently, the preferably generatively produced optical workpiece has at least two optical regions, wherein the optical regions have different refractive indices. This allows a very simple and / or cost-effective production of an optical workpiece with a desired, in particular individualized optical image. In particular, a (subsequent) shaping machining of the workpiece surface can be omitted or simplified, since the associated optical properties have already been taken into account in the context of additive manufacturing. Accordingly, a very rapid and / or cost-effective generative production of optical workpieces is supported or made possible in accordance with the invention, taking into account a specific or defined refractive behavior.

In particular, different (plastic) materials are used for the optical regions, which differ from one another with regard to their refractive indices. This allows a safe, simple and / or cost-effective implementation.

In particular, the optical workpiece has one or two at least substantially planar or planar flat sides.

In particular, the desired refractive behavior of the workpiece (exclusively or partially) is realized by the preferably layered superimposed optical regions with in particular curved interface, so that a shaping processing or curvature of one or both flat sides is preferably eliminated or at least simplified.

In particular, the optical regions merge into one another along a curved interface. The shape of the boundary surface makes it possible to influence or realize the optical properties of the workpiece, in particular in addition to the targeted selection of materials and thus the definition of the indices of the optical regions.

The transition between the two optical regions with different refractive indices can be abruptly to form a corresponding refractive interface, for example, to realize a bifocal lens, or according to a particularly preferred variant also gradually or continuously, optionally in small steps, in particular for the production of so-called gradient glasses. For this purpose, for example, several base materials with different indices can be used in the generative production. These base materials can then be used individually or in possibly different mixtures in order to achieve desired index changes or index transitions in the construction of the workpiece in the generative production. Thus, in particular so-called gradient glasses can be produced, which are particularly preferably used as so-called progressive or progressive lenses for spectacles.

Due to the generative production, it is particularly easy to realize desired transitions of the refractive index or changes in the refractive index of the workpiece.

In particular, it is possible in the radial and / or axial direction with respect to the optical axis of the workpiece to vary the refractive index in a desired manner gradually or continuously or in one or more stages. The use of locally resolved or different refractive indices in particular allows the production of much thinner lenses with a progressive addition, torus or the same as previously possible.

If necessary, this possibly only local index variance can also be combined in combination with a desired lens geometry, ie by adaptation of the local surface radius.

In addition or as an alternative to the variation of the refractive index, the different optical regions may otherwise have different optical properties, for example with regard to coloring, polarizing properties or the like. These optical properties can also be gradually or continuously, or in one or more stages merge into one another or vary as needed.

According to a fourth, independently realizable aspect of the present invention, the optical workpiece preferably has at least one connecting element for the particular releasable connection of an associated component, in particular spectacle component, wherein the connecting element is generatively formed on the workpiece. This allows a very simple, safe, fast and / or flexible production or assembly, in particular a pair of glasses.

Particularly preferably, the optical workpiece on different connection elements, each of the connection elements is formed individually with regard to the assembly or connection of an associated spectacle component. This allows a particularly fast, simple and / or cost-effective production or connection, for example, a bracket, nose pads and / or web to the workpiece forming the spectacle lens.

A proposed, in particular frameless, glasses has at least one inventively embodied optical workpiece. In this way, corresponding advantages can be realized.

In general, it should be noted that the proposed aspects according to the present Invention, the generative production of spectacle lenses and / or the manufacture of spectacles is made possible or simplified, and in particular the production individually to the respective spectacle wearer and its needs adapted lenses and / or glasses allows and / or simplified. In particular, the connection or integration into the spectacles or the spectacle frame can be simplified, since preferably the edging can be omitted or at least simplified and / or the connection of spectacle components to one or more terminal sections integrally formed on the spectacle lens can be simplified or made possible ,

The above-mentioned aspects and features of the present invention as well as the aspects and features of the present invention resulting from the claims and the following description can basically be implemented independently of one another, but also in any desired combination or order.

Additional advantages, features, characteristics and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the claims and the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. It shows:

1 a schematic plan view of a proposed arrangement with an optical workpiece and a holding member for holding the optical workpiece according to a first embodiment;

2 a schematic section of the arrangement along a line II-II of 1 ;

3 a partial enlargement of 2 to illustrate a peripheral support of the optical workpiece according to a first variant;

4 another partial enlargement of 2 to illustrate a peripheral support of the optical workpiece according to a second variant;

5 a schematic section of the proposed arrangement according to a second embodiment;

6 a partial enlargement of 5 to illustrate a peripheral support of the optical workpiece;

7 a schematic section of the proposed arrangement according to a third embodiment;

8th a schematic section of the proposed arrangement according to a fourth embodiment;

9A a schematic section of a proposed optical workpiece according to a first embodiment;

9B a schematic section of the proposed optical workpiece according to the first, slightly modified embodiment;

10A a schematic section of the proposed optical workpiece according to a second embodiment;

10B a schematic section of the proposed optical workpiece according to the second, slightly modified embodiment;

11 a perspective view of the proposed optical workpiece according to a third embodiment; and

12 a perspective view of a proposed pair of glasses with two proposed optical workpieces as spectacle lens.

In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts, and corresponding features and advantages are achieved, even if a repeated description is omitted for the sake of simplicity.

An object of the invention is an arrangement 1 with a proposed optical workpiece 2 ,

The workpiece or spectacle lens 2 is preferably prepared generatively in the aforementioned sense, in particular from liquid starting materials. The starting materials may also be present in other forms, in particular in solid form, for example as granules, coils or the like, and are particularly preferably temporarily liquefied for additive production or during additive production.

At the workpiece 2 in particular, it is an optical lens or a spectacle lens, in particular for spectacles 27 , However, the following versions are also optional for other lenses or other optical workpieces 2 corresponding.

Particularly preferably, the term "optical workpiece" designates a finished optical lens with the desired optical and / or geometric properties. In particular, it is a peculiarity of the present invention that the preferably generative production of the optical workpiece 2 no further shaping or material-removing processing, in particular to achieve the desired optical and geometric properties, are necessary.

The optical workpiece 2 is preferably made of plastic. However, in principle, it is also possible to use another material which is used for the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 , in particular taking into account the desired or required optical material properties, such as the transparency and / or the refractive index, is suitable.

If the optical workpiece 2 for a pair of glasses 27 is to be used or used, which is preferably the case, the optical workpiece 2 referred to as spectacle lens, even if the optical workpiece 2 preferably not made of glass.

In particular, the optical workpiece 2 at least substantially flat or disc-shaped and / or has two opposite flat sides 2A . 2 B on, in schematic section according to 2 indicated.

In particular, the flat sides form 2A . 2 B each a front side and a back side of the optical workpiece 2 ,

In the illustration example has one or each flat side 2A . 2 B an aspherical and / or free-form surface and / or is provided with a - possibly individually adapted - shape or curvature.

The order 1 preferably has a holding element 3 for holding and / or for receiving the optical workpiece 2 on.

The optical workpiece 2 and / or the retaining element 3 is or are produced in particular generatively, in particular from liquid starting materials. On possible process variants in connection with the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 and / or the retaining element 3 will be discussed later.

The holding element 3 has in its plan view according to 1 preferably an at least substantially circular outline A. However, other shapes are also possible here, in particular in which the outline A is substantially rectangular, square or oval.

Preferably, the optical workpiece 2 in its plan view, an at least substantially non-circular or deviating from a circle outline U on, as in 1 indicated by dashed lines. However, in principle, there is also a circular outline U of the optical workpiece 2 possible.

In particular, the workpiece 2 already by the generative manufacturing edge or with an individually to a spectacle frame of an associated glasses 27 adapted outer contour or a customized outline U provided. Here, in particular, the lens contour or lens shape in plan view on the one hand and / or on the edge shape, ie the formation of an edge R or an edge surface or peripheral surface RF during the transition from a flat side 2A to the other flat side 2 B of the workpiece 2 on the other hand.

In particular, the optical workpiece 2 over its entire circumference of the holding element 3 held. In principle, however, only a partial holding is possible.

Particularly preferred is the holding element 3 at least substantially annular and / or has an at least substantially annular formed on the workpiece 2 to be adjusted holding section or area.

Particularly preferred is the holding element 3 designed so that the optical workpiece 2 is added to a circular disk.

In particular, the retaining element 3 regardless of the lens shape or edge shape of the workpiece 2 a uniform or defined shape or outer contour or outline A. This allows a very easy handling or processing of the optical workpiece 2 ,

Particularly preferred are the thicknesses of the optical workpiece 2 and the retaining element 3 , in particular in the region of the edge R of the workpiece 2 or the transition of a flat side 2A of the optical workpiece 2 in a subsequent surface 3A . 3B of the holding element 3 , at least essentially the same size as in 2 indicated.

Particularly preferably, the thickness of the holding element increases 3 starting from the edge R in the radial direction outwards.

In particular, one or each flat side goes 2A . 2 B of the optical workpiece 2 especially at the edge R at least substantially smooth and / or interruption-free or flush in the subsequent surface 3A respectively. 3B of the holding element 3 above.

Particularly preferred is the curvature of one or each flat side 2A . 2 B of the optical workpiece 2 on the surface 3A of the holding element 3 continued.

In the representation example according to 1 shows the workpiece 2 schematically two alternative edge shapes. Accordingly, in the schematic section according to 2 along the line II-II of 1 left and right different edge shapes, ie training or shaping of the peripheral edge surface or peripheral surface RF shown as possible embodiments. 3 shows a partial enlargement of the right dotted line area of 2 , whereas in 4 a partial enlargement of the left dash-dotted area of 2 is shown.

The peripheral surface RF is particularly used as the side surface of the workpiece 2 between the front 2A and back 2 B Understood.

The transition from a flat side 2A respectively. 2 B to the edge surface or peripheral surface RF can either edge-like or square or rounded (as in 3 and 4 indicated) may be formed. Alternatively or additionally, the transition may also be provided with a chamfer, not shown. This depends in particular on the respective spectacle frame and / or other design wishes.

The holding element 3 preferably engages only on the edge surface or peripheral surface RF on the workpiece 2 at.

The workpiece 2 is preferably only peripherally or on its edge surface RF of the holding element 3 held or halterbar, ie in particular laterally.

In this connection, the arrangement according to the invention allows 1 in particular an optimal coating of the workpiece 2 , For example, in the so-called spin coating or spin coating process, since the workpiece 2 defined and / or in particular only at the edge and / or leaving at least one flat side 2A respectively. 2 B is held and / or the retaining element 3 in particular flush with the edge of a flat side 2A or 2 B or both flat sides 2A . 2 B of the workpiece 2 followed.

The holding element 3 is in particular for positive retention of the workpiece 2 educated. However, in principle, a non-positive or clamping holding alternatively or additionally realized.

In particular, the retaining element engages 3 with a particular circumferential or closed holding surface HF at the edge surface RF of the optical workpiece 2A on, as in 3 and 4 shown schematically.

In particular, the holding surface HF and the edge surface RF are at least substantially complementary to one another.

According to a first variant, the retaining element engages 3 with an optionally rounded, preferably circumferential projection 4 in an associated, preferably circumferential groove or recess 5 the edge surface RF, as in 3 indicated.

Optionally, the recess is or are 5 the edge surface RF and / or the projection 4 the holding surface HF dimensioned and / or formed such that the projection 4 not at the bottom of the recess 5 is applied.

Particularly preferably, the edge surface RF has at least one bevelled or beveled portion adjacent to the edge R. 6 as a transition to the adjacent flat side 2A . 2 B on.

In particular, the edge surface RF here has two such chamfers or sections 6 on.

According to the second variant, the edge surface RF preferably has a particular peripheral and / or rounded projection 7 on, in a corresponding, in particular circumferential recess 8th of the holding element 3 engages as in 4 indicated.

In particular, the edge surface RF here has rounded sections 9 to the adjacent flat sides 2A . 2 B towards, in particular so that the edge surface RF at least substantially smooth or free of edges in the adjacent flat side 2A . 2 B passes.

Preferably, between the holding element 3 and the optical workpiece 2 , in particular between the edge surface or peripheral surface RF and the holding element or its holding surface HF, a first intermediate layer 10 in particular for preventing a fluid connection between the workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 , formed or arranged.

In particular, the first intermediate layer 10 , in particular substantially over the entire surface, arranged or formed between the holding surface HF and the edge surface RF.

Particularly preferred is the first intermediate layer 10 over the entire circumference of the optical workpiece 2 disposed between the edge surface RF and the holding surface HF. However, it is also possible to use the interlayer 10 only in sections along the circumference of the optical workpiece 2 between the edge surface RF and the holding surface HF to arrange.

At the first intermediate layer 10 in particular, it is a substance which preferably melts at low temperature and / or is soluble under the action of a solvent, such as a resin, a wax, an adhesive or the like.

In particular, the first intermediate layer 10 foil-like and / or formed as a wet-chemical coating.

Preferably, the first intermediate layer 10 at least partially elastic.

Particularly preferred are for the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 used different materials, which differ from each other in particular with regard to their mechanical properties, in particular hardness and / or density and / or strength and / or elasticity and / or plasticity.

Particularly preferably, the holding element 3 a higher elasticity and / or a lower density than the optical workpiece 2 on.

Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that for the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 different materials are used, which differ from each other in terms of their optical properties, in particular color, reflectivity, transmissivity and / or luminescence.

In particular, the retaining element 3 at least partially or altogether elastic, in particular around the workpiece 2 pick up and / or (lighter) from the holding element 3 to be able to solve.

The holding element 3 may, if necessary, for removing the workpiece 2 be destroyed, for example by breaking. For this purpose, the retaining element 3 in particular (not shown) have predetermined breaking points.

Preferably, the first intermediate layer 10 designed such that these on the holding element 3 (stronger than on the workpiece 2 ), in particular so that the workpiece 2 when releasing the retaining element 3 at the same time also from the first intermediate layer 10 is solved.

In general, a special feature of the present invention is the fact that a very simple production of the optical workpiece 2 and the retaining element 3 or the arrangement 1 is made possible by the use of generative manufacturing processes, in particular wherein the retaining element 3 - or the workpiece 2 - directly against the already produced workpiece 2 - or the holding element 3 - In particular generatively formed or manufactured, so that the desired mounting of the workpiece 2 through the retaining element 3 immediately after the complete generative production of the arrangement 1 is realized.

Alternatively, the workpiece can 2 and the holding element 3 also be produced generatively, in particular in the context of a single manufacturing process as already fully assembled assembly, wherein the intermediate layer 10 in particular also in particular generatively between the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 is molded.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use the intermediate layer 10 first, in particular generative, to manufacture and then in a further manufacturing process, the workpiece 2 and / or holding element 3 against the interlayer 10 to manufacture, in particular generative again, but possibly also by pouring, spraying o.

The proposed arrangement 1 allows in particular the provision of a workpiece 2 with finished edge processing, so finished lens shape and edge shape. In particular, the outline U and / or the edge surface RF and / or the edge R are already individually to a spectacle frame or an associated pair of spectacles after the generative production 27 customized. Preferably, the desired optical properties are realized, in particular wherein one or both flat sides 2A . 2 B of the workpiece 2 have a desired surface shape, which may in particular also be adapted individually to a later spectacle wearer. In contrast to conventional methods, in particular a final coating of the workpiece 2 done without subsequent edge processing. This simplifies the production significantly and / or in particular allows a production on site or outside of a central manufacturing facility.

The following are based on the 5 to 8th further embodiments are explained, which in principle result in corresponding aspects and properties, so that in particular only to essential differences with respect to the basis of 1 to 4 explained first embodiment.

According to a second embodiment, the holding element 3 preferably at least one holding arm 11 on, like in 5 shown.

Particularly preferably, the holding arm surrounds 11 the optical workpiece 2 laterally and / or overlaps the front 2A of the workpiece 2 partially and / or in a peripheral zone RZ, as in 6 indicated. 6 shows a partial enlargement of the dot-dashed area of 5 ,

In particular, the holding arm 11 designed to be the workpiece 2 against the holding element 3 or a base element 12 or to hold a flat side opposite receiving surface AF, as in 5 and 6 seen.

Particularly preferably, the holding arm engages 11 on the flat-side edge zone RZ on the receiving surface AF facing away from the front or flat side 2A of the optical workpiece 2 at.

Preferably, the edge zone RZ forms a self-contained and adjacent to the edge R and / or the edge surface RF partial surface of the flat side 2A of the optical workpiece 2 ,

In the illustration example, the holding element 3 preferably several retaining arms 11 which are distributed over the circumference and the workpiece 2 positive fit against the base element 12 or the receiving surface AF hold and / or the workpiece 2 hold or fix laterally positively.

The lateral fixing of the workpiece 2 in particular, only by conditioning the holding arms 11 on the front side 2A in the region of the edge zone RZ, if the edge zone RZ is inclined in such a way that it faces the center of the workpiece 2 rises, as in 6 indicated, so that this oblique component leads to the lateral fixing, without the support arms 11 laterally or peripherally on the workpiece 2 attack.

Alternatively, the retaining arms 11 even only in the area of the transition of the flat side 2A to the edge surface RF or at the edge R and / or only at the edge surface RF, in particular in the region of a chamfered portion 6 , as in 3 indicated, or a rounded section 9 as in 4 indicated, attack or on the workpiece 2 or the optionally interposed first intermediate layer 10 attack.

In the illustrated example, the holding element forms 3 preferably the base element 12 and / or is integrally formed with this or materially connected thereto.

The receiving surface AF is preferably of the holding element 3 or basic element 12 educated.

The receiving surface AF is in particular cup-like and / or for receiving or in particular full-surface support of the rear or flat side 2 B of the workpiece 2 educated.

Particularly preferred is the holding element 3 or basic element 12 or are the retaining arms 11 produced generatively.

Particularly preferred are the support arms 11 and the base element 12 made of different materials, which preferably differ from each other in terms of their mechanical properties, in particular hardness and / or density and / or strength and / or elasticity and / or plasticity and / or color and / or reflectivity and / or transmissivity and / or luminescence.

Particularly preferred are the support arms 11 cohesively with the base element 12 connected or integrally formed on this or integrally formed with this.

Here, however, other technical solutions are possible, in particular where the holding arm 11 relative to the base element 12 adjustable, displaceable in particular in the radial or lateral direction, on the base element 12 can be arranged.

Optionally, the retaining element 3 or basic element 12 a clamping section or basic body 13 preferably with a lateral clamping surface 14 on.

Particularly preferred is the clamping surface 14 formed circumferentially.

In particular, the optical workpiece is or are 2 or the holding element 3 in a certain axial position and / or rotational position by means of the tensioning section 13 or the clamping surface 14 clamped, in particular around the workpiece 2 can be defined, manufactured, processed and / or coated.

Preferably, the base member protrudes 12 with a border section 12A laterally over the clamping section 13 before, to an axial stop for clamping and / or a support of the workpiece 2 or the holding arms 11 to build.

As in the first embodiment, the workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 be made simultaneously and / or sequentially or alternatively generative.

Optionally is between the workpiece 2 and the base element 12 a second intermediate layer 15 arranged.

Preferably, this is between the receiving surface AF and the base member 12 facing flat side 2 B arranged.

In particular, the second intermediate layer is used 15 a prevention of a material connection between the optical workpiece 2 and the base element 12 and / or a backside protection 2 B of the workpiece 2 ,

In particular, the intermediate layer 15 according to the first intermediate layer 10 manufactured and / or trained, so that the relevant explanations apply accordingly.

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the proposal arrangement 1 based on the schematic section of 7 explained.

In the third embodiment, the holding member 3 according to the first embodiment additionally with the base element 12 according to the second embodiment or with a flat-side support of the back 2 B of the workpiece 2 Mistake.

In this embodiment, the first and second intermediate layers 10 . 15 also be formed in one piece or continuously.

The holding element 3 and / or workpiece 2 are / is preferably in turn made generative.

In particular, with regard to the production and design, reference is made to the explanations of the first and second embodiments, which apply here accordingly in the third embodiment.

8th shows in a corresponding schematic section a fourth embodiment of the proposed arrangement 1 , In contrast to the third embodiment, here are the preferably annular retaining element 3 on the one hand and the base element 12 with the optional clamping section 13 on the other hand detachable from each other. In particular, these are by means of a screw connection 16 or any other connection releasably connected or connectable.

As in the first embodiment, in the second, third and / or fourth embodiment, a generative production of the workpiece 2 and / or holding element 3 and / or the intermediate layer 10 and or 15 and / or base element 12 or the arrangement 1 intended. The generative production can take place simultaneously or successively, in particular so that the workpiece 2 directly from the retaining element 3 is held in the desired manner after completion. In particular, the retaining element 3 or basic element 12 and / or the intermediate layer 10 and or 15 for the production of the workpiece 2 form a pad, support and / or shape. In this way, corresponding advantages can be realized.

Generally, it should be noted that the retaining element 3 or basic element 12 may also be designed in the sense of a block piece for defined clamping, as indicated in particular in the second and fourth embodiment, in particular a (further) machining or coating of the workpiece 2 to facilitate or simplify.

Particularly preferably, the second intermediate layer covers 15 the receiving surface AF preferably at least substantially over the entire surface or over the entire surface.

Alternatively, the second intermediate layer 15 partially arranged on the receiving surface AF, for example in a plurality of mutually separate support points and / or in a ring area o. The like.

Particularly preferred is the second intermediate layer 15 is formed like a film or as a coating.

Optionally, the second intermediate layer 15 laterally or in the radial direction over the optical workpiece 2 protrude.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the optical workpiece according to the invention 2 based on 9 to 11 explained.

9A shows in a schematic section a first embodiment of the proposed optical workpiece 2 ,

The optical workpiece 2 preferably has at least two optical regions 17 . 18 on, with the optical areas 17 . 18 in particular have different refractive indices.

Alternatively or additionally, the optical areas may 17 . 18 also in other optical properties, such as coloring, light transmittance and / or polarization properties differ.

In the illustration example, preferably at least one flat side 2A . 2 B (Front or back) and are particularly preferably both flat sides 2A . 2 B of the optical workpiece 2 at least substantially planar or planar.

Particularly preferred are the optical regions 17 . 18 made of different materials, in particular wherein at least one of the optical regions 17 . 18 from a plastic, such as CR-39, polycarbonate o. The like., Is made.

Preferably, the difference between the calculation indices of the different optical regions 17 . 18 more than 0.2, preferably more than 0.3, in particular more than 0.4, and / or less than 1.0.

Preferably, the optical regions are 17 . 18 at least substantially arranged in layers one above the other.

In particular, between the optical areas 17 . 18 a preferably defined or curved interface 19 educated.

Particular preference is or will be given by the curvature or shape of the interface 19 the desired optical image and thus the desired optical properties of the workpiece 2 fixed or determined. Thus, an otherwise required curvature of a flat side or both flat sides 2A . 2 B of the workpiece 2 be avoided or reduced. In particular, the interface 19 have a freely shaped or optimally adapted to the respective optical needs of a future spectacle wearer shape.

The proposed workpiece 2 is preferably in turn produced generatively, so that said formation and shaping of the interface 19 very simple and / or in particular can also be done on site or outside a central fabrication.

At the in 9A In particular, an abrupt transition between the optical regions is shown 17 and 18 provided or shown, so that at the interface 19 the refractive index in particular correspondingly abruptly or discontinuously or stepwise or abruptly changes.

However, alternatively or additionally, a gradual transition between the optical regions 17 and 18 and thus provided the refractive index or in particular realized by the preferred additive manufacturing. Such a gradual transition is shown schematically in FIG 9B shown in one too 9A corresponding section of the first embodiment of the workpiece 2 in a slightly modified variant shows. Here is namely between the two optical areas 17 and 18 a border area 19A formed or arranged. In particular, changes in this border area 19A the refractive index and / or any other optical parameter at least substantially gradual or in small or small steps, thus forming the transition between the two optical regions 17 and 18 ,

Particularly preferred is the border region 19A layered. Optionally, it may consist of a plurality of very thin layers, possibly also with different and / or varying, for example, in the radial direction layer thickness or be constructed.

The border area 19A For example, by variations of the mixing ratio of two or more materials, possibly the optical regions 17 and 18 form, manufactured or constructed.

Particularly preferred is the workpiece 2 designed as a so-called gradient lens. A gradient lens is an optical workpiece 2 , preferably a lens having a non-constant refractive index, preferably wherein the refractive index changes continuously or at least to a good approximation continuously. Particularly preferably, the refractive index changes in a radial to the optical axis O of the optical workpiece 2 extending direction (as still based on 10B explained) and / or in an axial or parallel to the optical axis O of the optical workpiece 2 extending direction (as in 9B intended).

Advantageously, such a gradient lens, a scattering or converging lens with possibly planar flat sides 2A . 2 B manufacture. Alternatively or in addition to the non-constant refractive index, however, the gradient lens can also have curved or spherical flat sides 2A . 2 B have front and / or rear. By a combination of the non-constant refractive index with a curved or spherical flat side 2A For example, it is possible to produce a lens that can provide the advantages of spherical lenses, for example, a simple and inexpensive manufacture, with the advantages of aspherical lenses, for example a correction of spherical aberration.

To produce a gradient lens, materials having different refractive indices are preferably used as starting materials. Due to the generative structure of these materials can be mixed or arranged so that an at least almost continuous course of the refractive indices of the optical workpiece 2 results.

geschrieben werden, wobei r den radialen Abstand von der optischen Achse O bezeichnet, n₀ den Brechungsindex bei der optischen Achse O, also bei r = 0, bezeichnet, g die Gradientenkonstante bezeichnet, die ein Maß dafür ist, wie schnell sich der Brechungsindex mit dem radialen Abstand von der optischen Achse O ändert, und sich den Sekans Hyberbolicus bezeichnet. Durch diesen Verlauf des Brechungsindizes n(r) kann eine Sammel- oder Streulinse realisiert werden.For example, the refractive index n changes parabolically or quadratically with the radial distance from the optical axis O, that is, the refractive index n can function

where r denotes the radial distance from the optical axis O, n ₀ denotes the refractive index at the optical axis O, that is to say at r = 0, g denotes the gradient constant, which is a measure of how fast the refractive index increases the radial distance from the optical Axis O changes, and is called the secans Hyberbolicus. Through this course of the refractive index n (r), a collecting or scattering lens can be realized.

At the in 9A and 9B Illustrative examples shown are the optical areas or layers 17 . 18 preferably formed continuously in the radial direction. However, also a local formation or radially limited extension of an optical region 17 or the areas 17 . 18 possible, as in the second embodiment according to 10A and 10B indicated.

10A shows in a schematic section a first embodiment of the second embodiment with a local or in a radial part or portion of the workpiece 2 arranged first optical area 17 extending from the second optical area 18 distinguished by its optical properties, in particular by in its refractive index. Thus, for example, a lens or a spectacle lens for a so-called bifocal eyeglasses or progressive lenses, realized. In the second embodiment, in particular, at least one of the regions forms 17 . 18 no radially continuous layer of the workpiece 2 or the lens formed thereof.

In the second embodiment, the two are different areas 17 and 18 at least partially with respect to the optical axis O of the workpiece 2 arranged radially next to one another. At the in 10A However, also shown embodiment is also preferably also an axial layering of the two optical regions 17 and 18 provided or formed.

10B shows in a corresponding schematic section a modified embodiment of the second embodiment of the workpiece 2 , Here are the optical areas 17 and 18 in the radial direction with respect to the optical axis O of the workpiece 2 arranged side by side, so that the refractive index changes in the radial direction. In particular, here is also (again as in the variant according to 9B ) a gradual or at least substantially continuous or (finely) stepped border area 19A as a transition between the two optical areas 17 and 18 and thus as a transition between the refractive indices of the other properties of the two areas 17 and 18 provided or formed. Thus, as already mentioned, a gradient optics or a gradient lens can be formed.

As already explained, the through the optical areas 17 . 18 or the interface 19 caused optical image even with the usual flat-side shaping the workpiece 2 to achieve the desired optical properties of the workpiece 2 be combined. In the embodiments according to 10A and 10B For example, the front side is optional 2A additionally curved. This may be, for example, a spherical or otherwise shaped surface.

Preferably, the generatively produced workpiece 2 with the optically different areas 17 and 18 additionally not shown anti-reflection layers and / or other layers for surface protection. These layers are in the 9 and 10 not shown, but are applied as needed, in particular optionally by generative production and / or conventional coating, such as dipping, vapor deposition, spin coating or the like.

11 shows a third embodiment of the proposed optical workpiece 2 , Also this workpiece 2 is preferably produced generatively.

According to the third embodiment, the workpiece 2 preferably at least one connecting element 20 for connecting another component, in particular a spectacle component, on.

12 illustrated in a schematic representation of a proposed glasses 27 with two optical workpieces 2 as spectacle lenses and with two straps 22 , two nose pads 25 and a jetty 26 , in particular nose or connecting web. The temples 22 , Nose pads 25 and the jetty 26 represent spectacle components in the context of the present invention.

According to the third embodiment, the in 11 represented workpiece 2 preferably more than one connection section 20 , here a connection section 20A for connecting a bracket 22 , a connection section 20B for connecting a side bar or nose pads 25 and / or a connection section 20C for connecting a bridge 26 , preferably nose or connecting web on.

The connection section 20 is preferably in each case to the workpiece 2 molded or integrally formed with this. However, another cohesive connection is possible.

The connection section 20 is in particular as well as the optical workpiece 2 produced generatively, in particular directly to the workpiece 2 formed.

The connection section 20 can be made of the same material as the optical workpiece 2 or be made of a different material, in particular of a differently colored material designed.

Alternatively or additionally, the connection section 20 also be formed by a prefabricated part to which the workpiece 2 , in particular the optical lens essential for the spectacle function, is formed, in particular in such a way that a form-fitting and / or cohesive assembly or cohesion is generated by the preferably generative production.

Alternatively or additionally, the connection section 20 also have an integrated or embedded reinforcing element and / or bearing or holding element which is prefabricated and / or made of a different material.

The connection section 20 is in particular arranged laterally and / or on the edge R or on the edge surface RF or formed.

Depending on requirements, the connection section 20 be rigid and / or elastic or sections elastic.

The connection section 20 is in particular adapted to attach the associated spectacle component releasably or non-detachably, hingedly, rigidly or resiliently and / or positively or cohesively or frictionally as required.

Particularly preferably, the optical workpiece 2 So several connection elements 20 in particular, wherein each of the connection elements 20 individually with regard to the connection with the associated spectacle component 22 . 25 . 26 is trained.

Preferably, the terminal portion is facing or forming 20A a bearing element 21 as a bearing eye o. The like., For preferably pivotable storage or other connection of the associated eyeglass temple 22 ,

The connection section 20B is in particular for holding or supporting an associated nose bridge or nose pads 25 formed and / or preferably has a particular arm-like holding portion and / or connecting portion 24 on, as shown schematically in 11 indicated. Alternatively or additionally, the nose pad 25 also directly from the connection section 20B or its holding section or connecting section 24 - Especially directly in the context of generative manufacturing - formed or molded on it. However, the connection section 20B or its holding portion only in the usual way a releasable support of the preferably replaceable and a separate component forming nose pads 25 form.

The connection section 20C in particular has an engagement portion 23 for preferably latching, clamping and / or positive connection with the associated connecting or nose bridge 26 and / or for connection to another component, such as another spectacle lens or connecting portion of a spectacle lens.

12 shows the suggested glasses 27 in particular with two workpieces 2 , and according to the third embodiment designed as spectacle lenses.

The temples 22 are preferably hinged or hinged over the terminal portions 20A tethered or held. Alternatively, the temples 22 However, also be molded directly with and be connected, for example via an elastic or flexible connection portion, said connecting portion and through the connection portion 20A can be formed.

The nose pads 25 are preferably changeable or detachable from the respective connection section 20B or its connecting portion 24 held. However, other constructive solutions are possible.

In the illustration example, the two lenses or workpieces 2 through a separate bridge 26 interconnected or connectable. The jetty 26 is in particular positive, firm and / or insoluble with the respective workpiece 2 over the assigned connection section 20C connected. For example, the bridge 26 also with the connection section 20C welded, glued, pressed, jammed and / or connected in any other way.

Alternatively, according to an embodiment variant, not shown, and the web 26 eliminated and a direct connection between the two connection sections 20C of the two workpieces 2 be formed.

The representation example is, in particular, rimless glasses or, in particular, a socket for the lenses is not required.

Some or all of the spectacle components, in particular the temples 22 and the jetty 26 , if necessary, can also be produced generatively.

Below are various variants of the method in connection with the Generative production of the optical workpiece 2 and / or the retaining element 3 explained.

The inventive method is used in particular for the generative production of a spectacle lens or workpiece 2 , which already has desired, preferably individualized optical properties and / or geometric dimensions, so that in particular no shaping surface treatment and / or edge processing is required.

For generative production of the optical workpiece 2 Preferably, first of all a three-dimensional lens image data set, in particular a CAD model, is generated. This can be done in particular by selecting an existing lens image data set from a database or by entering or specifying lens parameters.

In particular, the shape of one or each flat side 2A . 2 B of the optical workpiece 2 set in the lens image data set. Here any shape is possible, so that, for example, aspherical and / or free-form flat sides 2A . 2 B can be produced generatively.

Optionally, within the lens image data set at least two optical areas 17 . 18 with different refractive indices and / or the shape of an internal interface 19 and / or other desired parameters, for example corresponding materials for varying the refractive index of the optical regions 17 . 18 established. Preferably, each optical area 17 . 18 associated with an individual refractive index, in particular by appropriate definition of the production material.

Next, the desired course of the outline U and the desired shape of the edge surface RF or peripheral surface of the optical workpiece 2 within the lens image data set, ie the line shape and edge shape.

Optionally, in the lens image data set, digitally, the shape and arrangement of terminal portions 20 and, if present, a three-dimensional connection section image data set of the respective connection section 20 generated. In particular, different, depending on the respective spectacle component 22 . 25 and 26 trained, connection sections 20 provided that can be accessed as needed.

In particular, after the complete individual adaptation of the lens image data set, an acceptance query takes place, namely, as to whether all the optical and / or geometric properties of the optical workpiece to be produced are determined by the adapted lens image data record 2 be imaged. If the lens image data record is accepted, in particular automatically a lens print data record is generated, on the basis of which the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 he follows.

For generative production of the retaining element 3 First, a three-dimensional holding element image data set, in particular a CAD model, is generated. This can be done in particular by selecting an existing holding element image data set from a database or by entering or specifying appropriate parameters.

According to a particularly preferred variant of the method, the holding element image data set is dependent, in particular by automatic generation of a negative mold, of the already completely modified lens image data set of the optical workpiece 2 generated digitally or automatically.

In particular, a holding surface HF which is formed at least substantially complementary to the edge surface RF is or is generated in the holding element image data record.

Optionally, according to a particularly preferred variant of the method, a three-dimensional basic element image data set of the base element is integrated in addition to the holding element image data record or integrated therein 12 generated.

Within the holding element or base element image data set, a receiving surface AF for receiving a flat side is particularly preferred 2A . 2 B of the optical workpiece 2 established.

According to a particularly preferred variant of the method, the receiving surface AF becomes automatic, in particular by generating a negative mold of a corresponding flat side 2A . 2 B generated.

According to a particularly preferred variant of the method, after the complete adaptation of the holding element image data set and / or basic element image data set, an acceptance query is carried out. If this acceptance question is answered in the affirmative, a retaining element print data record and / or a base element image data set is automatically generated, in particular, as the basis for the subsequent generative production of the retaining element 3 and / or base element 12 serves or serve.

In the following, particularly preferred process variants are used in the context of the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 and / or the retaining element 3 further explained.

Preferably, the lens print data set and / or the holding element print data set and / or the base element print data set for production are digitally split into layers and manufactured correspondingly in one or more generative production devices.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term "generative production device" preferably means a device which is designed to produce a component having a desired shape based on predetermined data or a transmitted three-dimensional data model from informal (liquids, powders or the like) .) or shape neutral (ribbon, wire) materials by chemical and / or physical processes. Thus, within the meaning of the present invention, this term is preferably to be understood broadly.

It should be noted that various requirements or aspects in the context of generative manufacturing of the optical workpiece 2 on the one hand and the retaining element 3 on the other hand, with different preferences regarding the various generative manufacturing techniques available.

For example, in the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 in particular a sufficient transparency or achievement of a defined refractive behavior in the foreground, so that in this context, generative manufacturing methods, such as stereolithography and / or multi-jet modeling (MJM) and / or liquid starting materials are preferred.

In connection with the generative production of the retaining element 3 Preferably, a generative manufacturing method is used, which allows the processing of different materials.

According to a variant of the method, the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 in a (common) generative manufacturing device - in particular simultaneously or temporally overlapping - produced, in particular so that the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 Immediately after production as a complete or assembled assembly or arrangement 1 is present.

In an alternative method variant, the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 in a (common) generative manufacturing device - in particular sequentially or successively - made, in particular so that the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 present after production as separate or independent components. In this case, the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 for the formation of the proposed arrangement 1 connected or assembled together according to the respective generative production.

In a further alternative variant of the method is proceed that the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 be produced separately from each other in two generative production facilities in particular by different manufacturing processes.

Preferably, the optical workpiece 2 in front of the retaining element 3 produced by a first manufacturing process.

Optionally, subsequently or after the generative production, a cleaning of the optical workpiece takes place 2 , in particular for removing unbound starting materials or other substances interfering with the further course of the process.

In particular, it may be provided, the first intermediate layer 10 on the workpiece 2 , in particular an edge surface RF of the optical workpiece 2 to apply.

Alternatively, the first intermediate layer 10 together with the optical workpiece 2 manufactured as part of the first generative manufacturing process.

Subsequently, the holding element 3 by a second different manufacturing method, in particular generatively around the optical workpiece 2 is built around.

In particular, it can also be provided, the retaining element 3 together with the first intermediate layer 10 as part of the second generative manufacturing process to the optical workpiece 2 to mold.

In particular, it can also be provided, only the intermediate layer 10 first as part of the first generative manufacturing process and then the workpiece 2 and / or the retaining element 3 simultaneously or sequentially to the intermediate layer already prepared 10 to form, in particular generative, but possibly also by pouring, spraying o. The like.

In a further alternative method variant, the retaining element 3 in front of the workpiece 2 produced by a first generative manufacturing process.

In particular, it can be provided that the base element 12 simultaneously with the holding element 3 is produced in the context of the first generative manufacturing process, in particular so that the holding element 3 and the base element 12 be present as a one-piece component or already assembled assembly.

However, it is also possible a method variant, in the base element 12 is produced separately from the holding element by a second or different generative manufacturing process. In this case, the optical workpiece 2 and the holding element 3 connected or assembled together according to the respective generative production.

Optionally, the retaining element 3 and the optionally manufactured base member 12 then freed of material residues or unbound material components and other, the further process sequence possibly interfering substances.

Subsequently or after the cleaning process, the production of the optical workpiece takes place 2 on or on the already produced holding element 3 , in particular wherein for generative production of the optical workpiece 2 a second or different generative manufacturing process is applied.

If necessary, it can be provided, the second intermediate layer 15 , which is designed in particular as a film, preferably before the production of the workpiece 2 to apply to the receiving surface AF, in particular stick.

Subsequently, the optical workpiece 2 in particular together with the holding element 3 generative to the second intermediate layer 15 of the base element 12 formed.

In particular, it may then be provided, the first intermediate layer 10 on the holding element 3 , in particular the holding surface HF, apply and / or the second intermediate layer 15 on the base element 12 , in particular the receiving surface AF, apply.

Preferably, the optical workpiece 2 then with his flat side 2 B to the second intermediate layer 15 and with its edge surface RF to the first intermediate layer 10 molded, in particular generative, alternatively by casting o. The like ..

After the generative production of the optical workpiece 2 and the retaining element 3 becomes the receiving surface AF remote flat side 2A of the optical workpiece 2 processed, in particular coated.

In particular, the optical workpiece 2 together with the holding element 3 after complete processing of the flat side 2A from the base element 12 removable or removable.

Individual aspects and features of the present invention as well as individual process steps and / or process variants can be implemented independently of one another, but also in any desired combination and / or order.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

arrangement

2

optical workpiece

2A

first flat side

2 B

second flat side

3

retaining element

3A

first surface

3B

second surface

4

Projection of the holding surface

5

Recess of the edge surface

6

bevelled section

7

Projection of the edge surface

8th

Recess of the holding surface

9

rounded section

10

first intermediate layer

11

holding arm

12

base element

12A

edge section

13

Base / clamping portion

14

clamping surface

15

second intermediate layer

16

screw connection

17

first optical area

18

second optical area

19

interface

19A

border area

20

connecting section

20A

connecting section

20B

connecting section

20C

connecting section

21

bearing section

22

Temples

23

engaging portion

24

connecting portion

25

nose pad

26

web

27

glasses

A

Outline of the retaining element

AF

bearing surface

HF

holding surface

O

optical axis

R

edge

RF

Edge surface / peripheral surface

RZ

border zone

U

Outline of the workpiece

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102013222232 A1 [0007]
• WO 2015/165435 A1 [0008]
• DE 102014012046 A1 [0009]

Claims (57)

Arrangement ( 1 ) with a preferably disc-shaped or flat optical workpiece ( 2 ), preferably an optical lens, in particular for spectacles ( 27 ), the arrangement ( 1 ) a holding element ( 3 ) for holding the workpiece ( 2 ), and wherein the workpiece ( 2 ) and / or the retaining element ( 3 ) is manufactured generativ / are, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) at least substantially positively and / or laterally of the holding element ( 3 ) is held. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) has an at least substantially circular outline (A) in its plan view. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) has an individually adapted to a spectacle frame outline (U). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) along its entire circumference of the retaining element ( 3 ) is held. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) is at least substantially annular or has at least one annular holding portion. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thicknesses of the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) are at least substantially equal in size. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or each flat side ( 2A . 2 B ) of the workpiece ( 2 ) substantially smooth and / or uninterrupted in a subsequent surface ( 3A . 3B ) of the retaining element ( 3 ) passes over. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) is at least partially elastic. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) on a narrowed edge surface or circumferential surface (RF) of the workpiece, in particular peripherally closed, 2 ) attacks. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the holding element ( 3 ) engages with a holding surface (HF) on the peripheral surface (RF). Arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the holding surface (HF) and the peripheral surface (RF) are at least substantially complementary to each other. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) a first intermediate layer ( 10 ), in particular for preventing a cohesive connection between the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) is arranged. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) with a surface ( 3A ) at least substantially flush with a flat side ( 2A ) of the workpiece ( 2 ). Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) at least one holding arm ( 11 ) for the particular form-fitting holding of the workpiece ( 2 ) having. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement ( 1 ) or the retaining element ( 3 ) a base element ( 12 ) with a receiving surface (AF) for a flat side ( 2A . 2 B ) of the workpiece ( 2 ) having. Arrangement according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the holding arm ( 11 ), the workpiece ( 2 ) and holds against the receiving surface (AF). Arrangement according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the receiving surface (AF) like a shell and / or at least substantially complementary to the flat side ( 2A . 2 B ) of the workpiece ( 2 ) is trained. Arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the base element ( 12 ) detachable with the holding element ( 3 ) is connected or connectable. Arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that between the base element ( 12 ) and the workpiece ( 2 ) a second intermediate layer ( 15 ), in particular for preventing a material connection between the base element ( 12 ) and the workpiece ( 2 ) is arranged. Method for holding a preferably disk-shaped or flat optical workpiece ( 2 ), preferably an optical lens, in particular for spectacles ( 27 ), by means of a holding element ( 3 ), whereby the workpiece ( 2 ) and / or the retaining element ( 3 ) is produced generatively, characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) positively and / or laterally of the holding element ( 3 ) is held. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) along its entire circumference of the retaining element ( 3 ) is held. Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) at its peripherally closed, narrow-side edge surface (RF) or peripheral surface of the holding element ( 3 ) is held. Method according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) and the optical workpiece ( 2 ) generatively produced as a fully assembled assembly or arrangement. Method according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) are produced generatively as separate or independent components. Method according to one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that between the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) a first intermediate layer ( 10 ), in particular for preventing a cohesive connection between the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) is applied or produced generatively. Method according to one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) are produced simultaneously or temporally overlapping. Method according to one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) and the retaining element ( 3 ) are produced sequentially or successively. Method according to claim 27, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) after the particular generative production of the retaining element ( 3 ) to the holding element ( 3 ) is formed in particular generative. Method according to claim 27, characterized in that the retaining element ( 3 ) after the preferably generative production of the workpiece ( 2 ) to the already completely produced workpiece ( 2 ) is formed in particular generative. Method according to one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that a flat side ( 2A . 2 B ) of the workpiece ( 2 ) is picked up by a recording surface (AF). A method according to claim 30, characterized in that the support surface (AF) (from a particular base element prepared generative 12 ) is formed. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that the holding element ( 3 ) and the base element ( 12 ) are made in one piece or as a non-dismountable object. Method according to claim 31, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) and the base element ( 11 ) are produced as two independent or detachable components. A method according to any one of claims 30 to 33, characterized in that (between the workpiece 2 ) and the receiving surface (AF) a second intermediate layer ( 15 ) is applied or in particular produced generatively. A method according to claim 34, characterized in that the second intermediate layer ( 15 ), in particular in the form of a film, on the receiving surface (AF) or the workpiece ( 2 ) is applied. A method according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) with a flat side ( 2A . 2 B ) in particular generatively to the second intermediate layer ( 15 ) is formed. Optical workpiece ( 2 ), preferably an optical lens, in particular for spectacles ( 27 ), characterized in that the optical workpiece ( 2 ) at least two generatively produced optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) having different refractive indices. Workpiece according to claim 37, characterized in that the optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) are arranged one above the other in layers Workpiece according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that the optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) in the axial direction of an optical axis (O) of the workpiece ( 2 ) are arranged one behind the other, so that the refractive index changes in the axial direction. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that the optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) in the radial direction of an optical axis (O) of the workpiece ( 2 ) are arranged side by side, so that the refractive index changes in the radial direction. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 40, characterized in that between the optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) a curved interface ( 19 ) is formed. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 41, characterized in that the difference between the refractive indices at an interface ( 19 ) of the optical areas ( 17 . 18 ) is more than 0.5. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 41, characterized in that the refractive index of a region ( 17 ) to the other area ( 18 ) merges continuously or gradually or in fine stages to form a gradient optics. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 43, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) is formed as an at least substantially geometrically planar progressive or progressive lens. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 44, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) is disc-shaped or flat and / or one or two at least substantially flat flat sides ( 2A . 2 B ) having. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that the optical regions ( 17 . 18 ) are made of different materials. Workpiece according to one of claims 37 to 46, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) has one or more antireflective layers. Workpiece according to claim 47, characterized in that the anti-reflection layers are applied after additive production by coating. Workpiece according to claim 47, characterized in that the anti-reflection layers are produced generatively. Optical workpiece ( 2 ), preferably an optical lens, in particular for spectacles ( 27 ), characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) at least one generatively molded connection section ( 20 ) for connecting an associated component, in particular spectacle component ( 22 . 25 . 27 ), having. Workpiece according to claim 50, characterized in that the workpiece ( 2 ) is produced generatively. Workpiece according to claim 50 or 44, characterized in that the connection section ( 20 ) a storage section ( 21 ) for connecting a spectacle arm ( 22 ) has or forms. Workpiece according to one of Claims 50 to 52, characterized in that the connection section ( 20 ) for connecting or holding a nose pad ( 25 ) is trained. Workpiece according to one of claims 50 to 53, characterized in that the connecting portion ( 20 ) is at least partially elastic. Workpiece according to one of claims 50 to 54, characterized in that the connecting portion ( 20 ) an engaging portion ( 23 ) for latching, positive or material-locking connection of a web ( 27 ) or for connection to a connection element ( 20C ) for connecting a preferably similar formed further optical workpiece ( 2 ) having. Glasses ( 27 ) with at least one optical workpiece ( 2 ) according to one of claims 37 to 55 as a spectacle lens. Spectacles according to claim 56, characterized in that the spectacles ( 27 ) is formed at least substantially borderless.

Images