DE102016221267A1 - Solid rubber tires and method for producing a solid rubber tire - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid rubber tire which comprises at least one sensor element (5) and has a tread part (2), lateral tire sidewalls (4) and a base body (1) comprising a bottom part (1a) which comes into contact with a rim and a radially outer elastic part (1b), the at least one sensor element (5) being radially outside of and in contact with the insert (3) or radially inside the insert (3) at the bottom the bottom part (1 a) lying freely arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a solid rubber tire which contains at least one sensor element and a tread part, side tire flanks and a base body made of a coming into contact with a rim bottom part and a radially outer elastic member, wherein the bottom part in the region of its underside contains a reinforcing insert.

1. a) auf einer Wickelaufnahme wird zumindest eine Lage einer für den Bodenteil vorgesehenen Kautschukmischung und auf diese das verstärkende Insert aufgebracht,
2. b) der Bodenteil wird durch ein Wickeln weiterer Lagen von Kautschukmischung fertig aufgebaut,
3. c) der Elastikteil wird durch mehrlagiges Wickeln einer kalandrierten oder extrudierten Kautschukmischung aufgebaut,
4. d) der aufgebaute Grundkörper wird mit dem Laufflächenteil und den Reifenflanken versehen und anschließend vulkanisiert.

The invention further relates to a method for producing a solid rubber tire comprising at least one sensor element from a base body, a tread part and lateral tire sidewalls, the main body having a bottom part coming in contact with a rim, a reinforcing insert and a radially outer elastic part having the following method steps :

1. a) on a winding receptacle, at least one layer of a rubber compound intended for the bottom part is applied and on this the reinforcing insert,
2. b) the bottom part is finished by winding further layers of rubber mixture,
3. c) the elastic part is constructed by multilayer winding a calendered or extruded rubber mixture,
4. d) the constructed body is provided with the tread part and the tire walls and then vulcanized.

Blanks for solid rubber tires are manufactured according to the prior art in a build-up process in which individual calendered rubber mixtures for the bottom part, the elastic part and the tread part are successively wound in multiple layers on a winding device, a winding receptacle, and the side tire sidewalls are pressed. Subsequently, the ready-built green tire is vulcanized in a heating mold, which impresses the optionally provided profiling in the tread part and gives the solid rubber tires the desired outer contours. When vulcanizing, i. the conversion of the rubber mixtures into vulcanized rubber, massive and uncontrollable flow processes of the rubber mixtures take place.

In the from the DE 10 2011 052 808 A1 known, the usual structure having solid rubber tires radially inside the tread part a pressure or deformations detecting sensor element is installed. This document contains no information on how these sensor elements have been introduced. It is therefore considered that they are positioned during a winding operation of one of the rubber compound layers.

Sensor elements in solid rubber tires are of great interest, since with these in particular the "product life cycle", ie the tire quality, which can usually be monitored very expensive and expensive to produce solid rubber tires. Particularly problematic is now the installation or placement of such sensor elements in the green tire. In particular, the mentioned flow processes during vulcanization cause the sensor elements in the finished vulcanized tire are no longer in the original positions and / or that the sensor elements are destroyed or damaged in the course of vulcanization. By means of the previously known methods, it has not been possible to reliably introduce sensor elements from damage safely and at defined positions in solid rubber tires.

The invention is therefore based on the object to enable a solid rubber tire positioning of the sensor elements, which prevents destruction or damage to the sensor elements.

The stated object is achieved according to the invention with a solid rubber tire, in which the at least one sensor element is arranged radially outside of and in contact with the insert or radially inside the insert, lying freely on the underside of the bottom part.

The inventive method is characterized in that the at least one sensor element is positioned on the winding receptacle or after step a) on the reinforcing insert before step a) or that the at least one sensor element is fixed to the underside of the bottom part after step d).

The inventive arrangement of the sensor elements in the immediate vicinity of the reinforcing insert these are well fixed, so that their position does not change in possibly further tire structure and vulcanization. In addition, the sensor elements are reliably secured against slippage during operation of the solid rubber tires. The method according to the invention enables a "gentle" installation of the sensor elements, which ensures that the sensor elements remain in fully functional condition over the life of the solid rubber tires.

The invention therefore makes it possible to reliably detect and record physical quantities (temperature and pressure) that provide information about the tire condition during operation of the vehicle. The measurement data can subsequently be evaluated accordingly, which can increase the knowledge of changing physical variables during tire use. This makes it possible, for example, to monitor the quality of tire components or their occurring in the course of operation aging and / or quality decrease. Aging occurs, for example, by the high temperatures of about 120 ° to 130 ° C. occurring during operation, at which the polymer chains of the rubbers of the rubber materials degrade, which reduces the hardness of the rubber material and thus adversely affects the tire quality. For the retreading of the solid rubber tire, the quality of the body, which is not visible from the outside, is of particular interest. Further, jounce paths and the rigidity of the entire tire can be detected depending on the period of use. This is done in particular by means of a vibrating in the ultrasonic range bottom plate, which can receive and process the signal, in particular a reflection signal, the sensor elements. Sensor elements incorporated in accordance with the invention provide a reliable solid rubber tire monitoring system as well as an early warning system which warns in time of impending tire failure.

In addition, the information obtained from the physical quantities can be used for further targeted development of solid rubber tires. It is also possible for customers to understand the life cycle of the solid rubber tire and to control tire quality. If the recorded data are transmitted or transmitted accordingly, central monitoring of the tires of vehicle fleets is also possible.

• 1 und 2 jeweils einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen Vollgummireifen gemäß einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawing, which schematically illustrates embodiments of the invention. Show

• 1 and 2 each a schematic cross section through a solid rubber tire according to an embodiment of the invention.

Solid rubber tires manufactured and constructed according to the invention are in particular tires for mobile machines, such as industrial trucks, for example forklifts or telehandlers.

1 and 2 show cross sections of a solid rubber tire from a body 1 , a tread part 2 and lateral tire sidewalls 4 , The main body 1 has a radially inner bottom part 1a and a radially outer elastic member disposed thereon 1b on. The bottom part 1a , the elastic part 1b and the tread part 2 consist of different vulcanized rubber materials and are each made of a separate, tailored to the desired properties of the component in question rubber compound.

The bottom part 1a usually consists of a hard rubber material and contains at least one tensile insert - in the illustrated embodiment, five circumferential in the circumferential direction of the tire tensile metallic cores 3 - And is that part of the solid rubber tire, which comes into contact with a rim. The rubber material of the elastic part 1b is optimized in particular with regard to the desired suspension and damping properties and forms an elastic intermediate layer. The tread part 2 can be provided in a conventional manner with a profiling and completes together with the lateral tire walls 4 the solid rubber tire, with the tire sidewalls 4 the main body 1 Cover in sections laterally. The tire walls 4 preferably consist of the rubber material of the tread part 2 ,

The solid rubber tire contains at least one sensor element 5 , with the in 1 and 2 shown variants each have a single sensor element 5 is provided.

At the in 1 variant shown is the sensor element 5 completely within the soil body 1 , radially outside the cores 3 as well as in contact with the nuclei 3 positioned.

For the production of in 1 shown solid rubber tire, the main body 1 built on a winding receptacle, not shown in the figures. For this purpose, at the winding receptacle for the bottom part 1a and the elastic part 1b provided rubber mixtures in the form of calendered or extruded thin layers wound. As in 1 is indicated in the first step, at least a first layer l'a for the bottom part 1a provided rubber mixture applied to the winding receptacle. On the location 1 'a will be the cores 3 placed next to each other in the intended number. Subsequently, at least one, for example, strip-shaped sensor element in cross-section 5 on the cores 3 positioned and the bottom part 1a by winding more layers of the bottom part 1a provided rubber mixture ready set up. The following are the layers of the elastic part 1b provided calendered rubber mixture on the bottom part 1a wound.

The finished body 1 can according to a first embodiment in a first heating mold, the body 1 gives the desired and intended cross-sectional shape, with appropriate supply of heat and at the appropriate temperature either pre-vulcanized or vulcanized. The following is the basic body 1 spanned on a rim-like winding device and it will be the tread part 2 made up of several layers of a calendered or extruded rubber mixture and made of a rubber compound existing tire walls 4 pressed on the side. The thus finished finished green tire is introduced into a second heating mold and vulcanized in this.

In an alternative embodiment, the green tire is completely assembled and vulcanized once in a heating mold.

Before positioning the sensor element 5 or the sensor elements 5 This or this can be treated with one of the usual primer (adhesion promoter). Such pretreatment is also at that area of the bottom part 1a on which the sensor element 5 is positioned, beneficial. In addition, the sensor element 5 or can the sensor elements 5 before being placed in a rubber mixture, in particular in a thin rubber mixture layer, are wrapped. As a result of these measures, the sensor element (s) 5 sticks particularly well to the surrounding materials after placement.

At the in 2 shown variant that is at least one sensor element 5 radially inside the cores 3 positioned and located in the finished tire partly outside the tire.

The sensor element 5 Therefore, it can be easily attached to already finished vulcanized solid rubber tires. In this case, the sensor element 5 at the bottom of the bottom part 1a fixed, preferably by gluing directly to the bottom part 1a , For a particularly reliable and durable fixation of the sensor elements 5 it is an advantage, the bottom part 1a before fixing the sensor elements 5 roughen or grind. In particular, at least one superficial, to the dimensions of the respective sensor element 5 adapted recess in the bottom part 1a be ground, in which the sensor element 5 is positioned.

In a further embodiment variant for the production of in 2 shown solid tire is the sensor element 5 positioned on the winding device and it is first wound at least one layer rubber compound, then the cores 3 positioned as well as the bottom part 1a and the elastic part 1b constructed by winding layers of the corresponding rubber mixtures. The main body 1 can directly with the tread part 2 and the tire walls 4 completed and then vulcanized. Also possible is a two-stage vulcanization, as already mentioned, once a vulcanization of the body 1 and a second time one of the finished tire.

By attaching the sensor elements according to the invention 5 on or in the bottom part 1 These are fixed in such a way that their position no longer changes. In addition, the sensor elements 5 reliably secured against slippage during operation of the solid rubber tires. In addition, the method according to the invention enables a particularly "gentle" attachment or installation of the sensor elements 5 , thereby ensuring that the sensor elements 5 remain fully functional over the life of the solid rubber tires.

The sensor elements 5 include, in particular, temperature sensors, pressure sensors (load cells) or combined temperature / pressure sensors, which therefore measure the temperature in the adjacent rubber material and / or the forces acting on them. The sensor elements 5 can be embedded in metal or plastic, wherein plastic enters into a particularly durable connection with the surrounding rubber material. The sensor elements 5 may also have different shapes and, for example, as shown in the figures, in cross section have a flat shape. Alternatively, the sensor elements 5 be designed, for example, button-like. The sensor elements 5 can also circulate the entire circumference of the tire.

The sensor elements 5 may include a wireless signal transmission device for transmitting the measurements. Advantageously, the device for wireless signal transmission is a transponder, in particular a commercially available RFID transponder. As a result, signal transmission to a receiving device, which is located, for example, in the mobile working machine itself, can take place in a simple and cost-effective manner. This also allows documentation of the data with high temporal resolution, so that the tire can be continuously monitored over its life cycle. The wireless transmission is apart from the need to provide a corresponding antenna in mobile machines, no additional space required. The use of transponders, which require no energy supply from batteries and are powered by a received radio signal with voltage, a year-long use is possible. As mentioned above, low-cost RFID transponders are particularly well suited for this purpose.

Are several sensor elements 5 installed in the solid rubber tire, is an interaction between the sensor elements 5 possible. There is also an interaction between sensor elements 5 possible in the various solid rubber tires of a vehicle.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

body

1a

the bottom part

1'a

first location

1b

elastic member

2

Tread part

3

core

4

tire wall

5

sensor element

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102011052808 A1 [0004]

Claims (11)

A solid rubber tire which comprises at least one sensor element (5) and has a tread part (2), lateral tire sidewalls (4) and a base body (1) comprising a bottom part (1a) which comes into contact with a rim and a radially outer elastic part (1b), wherein the bottom part (1a) contains a reinforcing insert (3) in the region of its underside, characterized in that the at least one sensor element (5) extends radially outward of and in contact with the insert (3) or radially inside the insert (3), on the underside of the bottom part (1 a) lying freely, is arranged. Solid rubber tire after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one sensor element (6) is a peripheral circumferential sensor element (6). Solid rubber tire after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one sensor element (6) is a locally mounted sensor element (6). Solid rubber tire after one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the at least one sensor element (6) contains at least one temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor or at least one combined temperature / pressure sensor. Solid rubber tire after one of the Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the at least one sensor element (6) comprises a housing made of metal or plastic. Method for producing a solid rubber tire containing at least one sensor element (6) from a base body (1), a tread part (2) and lateral tire flanks (4), wherein the base body (1) has a reinforcing insert (3) coming in contact with a rim a) on a winding receptacle is at least one layer (1'a) of a provided for the bottom part (1a), calendered or extruded rubber mixture and on this b) the bottom part (1a) is finished by winding further layers of rubber mixture, c) the elastic part (1b) is constructed by multilayer winding of a calendered or extruded rubber mixture, d) the constructed main body (1 ) is provided with the tread part (2) and the tire sidewalls (4) and then vulcanized characterized in that the zumi ndest a sensor element (5) before step a) on the winding receptacle or after step a) on the reinforcing insert (3) is positioned or that the at least one sensor element (5) on the underside of the bottom part (1a) after step d) is fixed. Method according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the or the sensor element (s) (5) is treated before positioning with a primer (adhesion promoter) or be. Method according to Claim 6 characterized in that the sensor element (s) (5) is / are wrapped in a rubber compound prior to positioning. Method according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the at least one on the underside of the bottom part (1a) after step d) fixed sensor element (5) is provided prior to positioning with an adhesive. Method according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the bottom part (1 a) before the fixation of the at least one sensor element (5) is roughened or ground on its underside. Method according to Claim 9 or 10 , characterized in that on the underside of the bottom part (1a) before the fixing of the at least one sensor element (5) at least one of the sensor element (5) adapted recess created, for example ground, is.

Images