DE102016215913A1 - jig - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular clamping device (1) for use in machine tools, for non-rotationally symmetrical rotary parts (2) of variable design, wherein the rotary parts (2) in their radial direction (3) projecting lugs (4) and the clamping device (1) has a jig base plate (5). In addition, the clamping device (1) has at least one releasably arranged clamping unit (6) with two releasable clamping jaws (7) by means of which the rotary part (2) orthogonal to its longitudinal direction (8), parallel to the plane of the clamping device base plate (5) can be tensioned and Furthermore, at least one axial tensioner (9) and / or at least one fork (10) is detachably arranged, respectively, wherein the rotation part (2) by means of the Axialspanners (9) in its longitudinal direction (8) and the other by means of the fork ( 10) in the radial direction (3) is alignable.

Description

The invention relates to a clamping device for use in machine tools, for non-rotationally symmetrical rotating parts of variable design, wherein the rotary parts have in their radial direction protruding lugs and the clamping device has a clamping device base plate.

For the machining of components in turning or milling machines and machining centers, it is necessary to clamp these components to be machined in a receptacle.

In the case of components with complex geometries and several necessary processing steps, in particular for rotary parts such as crankshafts, it is essential for the different processing steps on the rotating part to provide a clamping device adapted to a specific processing step, which is associated, inter alia, with high investment costs. In addition, due to the specialization in a processing step of a particular rotating part reuse of the clamping device when changing over the production line quasi excluded.

In the past, ways have already been taken to perform several processing steps using a jig. For example, this describes DE 10 2004 043 404 A1 a method for machining crankshafts, wherein in the same clamping a surface of the crankshaft ground as well as a frontal bore can be introduced into the crankshaft. Even if two processing steps can be carried out within one clamping device, only two processing steps, which are also strongly defined, still represent a high restriction, which must be interpreted clearly disadvantageously.

It is still through the DE 102 00 774 A1 a machine tool for machining a fulcrum and possibly further part of a crankshaft, wherein the machine tool is designed so that by means of a tool turret the tools necessary for processing the fiducial bearing can be combined on a processing station.

As a further problematic is usually that by means of a clamping device and only a kind of rotary part such as a certain crankshaft can be stretched and then edited.

Against this background, the invention has the object to perform a clamping device of the type mentioned in such a way that it is suitable for the fixation of rotating parts with variable design and the implementation of multiple processing steps in a machine tool is made possible.

This object is achieved with a clamping device according to the features of claim 1. The dependent claims relate to particularly expedient developments of the invention.

Thus, according to the invention, a modular clamping device is provided for use in machine tools for non-rotationally symmetrical rotary parts of variable design, the rotary parts having projections protruding in their radial direction and the clamping device having a clamping device base plate. Moreover, the clamping device has at least one detachably arranged clamping unit with two releasable clamping jaws, by means of which the rotary member orthogonal to its longitudinal direction, parallel to the plane of the clamping device base plate can be tensioned. Furthermore, at least one Axialspanner and / or at least one fork is releasably arranged, respectively, wherein the rotary member is aligned on the one hand by means of the Axialspanners in its longitudinal direction and on the other by means of the fork in the radial direction. By using at least one clamping unit with two clamping jaws, at least one axial clamp and at least one fork could be based on the modular structure, d. H. the interchangeability and flexible applicability of jaws, axial adjuster and fork, easily align and fix a variable ausgestaltetes rotary part with the clamping device, which would allow a clamping a variety of different designed rotating parts and various processing steps using a machine tool.

The variable configuration of the rotary member can be, inter alia, in its length and design, such as the number, the distances and / or the shape, which are present on the rotary part approaches.

Such a rotation part can, for. B. may be formed as a multi-cranked crankshaft, the lugs may be formed by the Kurbelwellenkröpfung or parts thereof. As parts of the crankshaft cranking, for example, the cheek, the crankpin or even arranged on the cheeks counterweight can be considered.

Otherwise, the rotating parts could also be designed as camshafts, in which Connection the approaches would be in the form of the cam of the camshaft. In addition, other embodiments of the rotating parts are conceivable.

It is envisaged that forks and axial clamps create the approaches of the rotating part and / or are supported on these approaches and / or intervene in these. This may mean, for example, that a crank pin of a crankshaft is positioned in the fork and the axial adjuster is supported on the cheeks and / or the counterweights of Kurbelwellenkröpfung and thereby radial and axial alignment of the crankshaft is possible.

The clamping unit is possibly equipped with an actuating element, for example a knurl, for the clamping jaws arranged on the clamping unit, which serves for the manual actuation as well as the actuation by means of an actuator. Such an actuating element as the knurl may, inter alia, have a centrally arranged tool attachment, for example a hexagon. Any necessary hydraulic tension of the rotating parts can thus be omitted, which also allows the elimination of space-consuming hydraulic lines.

The releasably arranged on the clamping unit jaws can be equipped with different concave shaped receiving recesses for radially holding the rotating parts in order to clamp different diameter on a rotating part or on different rotating parts can. The rotating parts can hereby create at least at two points on the sides of the receiving recess. Advantageous embodiments of the receiving recesses may, for example, represent a substantially triangular or trapezoidal, and also a polygonal cross-sectional shape.

The procedure in the fixation of a rotary member could, inter alia, by the steps inserting the rotary member in the receiving recesses of the jaws and the fork, whereby a radial alignment takes place, hand tightening the jaws, loosen the jaws to allow a linear movement of the rotating member, tightening the Axialspanners for axial alignment of the rotating part, tangible tightening the jaws and subsequent end tightening the jaws will be described.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the clamping device, the at least one releasably arranged clamping unit is designed to be linearly movable in the longitudinal direction of the rotary member, whereby the releasably arranged clamping units advantageously not only mountable and disassemblable on the clamping device, but after releasing the clamping units in the longitudinal direction of the rotary member slidably configured to cover different lengths of the rotating part to be clamped. For example, assuming a rotary part pronounced as a crankshaft, crankshafts for three to twelve cylinder engines up to 650 millimeters in length could be held by such a jig.

In a further embodiment of the clamping device, a helical gear can be arranged on the at least one clamping unit and the clamping device base plate, by means of which the clamping unit is linearly movable relative to the clamping device base plate. For this purpose, it would be conceivable that in each case a mounting plate is arranged on the clamping unit and the clamping device base plate, to which the helical gear can be arranged. On the basis of such an approach could be arranged on the jig clamping units, which may have a high mass of several ten kilograms, manually or actuator-assisted with a resolution of millimeters or even microns defined move and thus, inter alia, the clamping device on the length or design of a tune specific rotation part. Such a helical gear can, for. B. may be formed as a threaded spindle with associated spindle nut.

It is also conceivable that between a clamping unit and a, located at the respective end, in the longitudinal direction of the rotary member, the clamping device base plate mounting plate, a spacer is arranged to define a precise distance.

It is also extremely practical if two clamping units and a mounting bracket are detachably arranged on the clamping device base plate, wherein the mounting bracket is now the two clamping units, transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rotating member and at least partially over the width of the clamping device base plate extending positioned. By using two clamping units can be defined to exciting rotating part, for example, clamp at both ends of the rotating part. If one proceeds by way of example from an crankshaft that is too exciting, it would thus be possible to tension it at two points selected from the flange and the shaft journal. By arranging a mounting bracket, it may be possible to attach additional parts or components of the tensioning device thereto. Furthermore, this can create a defined reference point to a machine bed of the machine tool on the clamping device, which z. B. by linearly movable designed clamping units would not exist.

In addition, it turns out to be extremely profitable if the axial clamp and / or the fork on the mounting bracket or that the axial clamp and / or the fork via a spacer plate on the mounting bracket are detachably arranged. This provides an easy way to attach axial clamp and fork to the jig and z. B. compensate for any existing height difference to the clamping units.

It is also conceivable in this context that the axial clamp and the fork form a two-part overall unit, which is arranged relative to each other and in their entirety detachably on the mounting bracket. It would be conceivable, inter alia, that the axial adjuster is arranged on the fork.

By mounting forks and scissor clamps on the spacer bottom plate, it is possible to easily create a defined distance between these parts, which can be dependent on the rotating part to be clamped. Starting from a crankshaft, it is conceivable for crankshaft cranking to be differently spaced from crankshaft to crankshaft, or for different crankshaft, fork and axial clamps to engage different crankshaft cranks depending on the machining step. By means of a spacer plate could be advantageously set a certain distance with low tolerance.

Another highly advantageous development of the invention is based on the fact that the axial clamp is designed as a pivoting clamp with a T-shaped clamping jaw, wherein the clamping jaw is rotatably mounted about an axis normal to the plane of the clamping device base plate. By means of such a pronounced axial tensioner, it would be conceivable that an axial alignment takes place on an example, as a crankshaft pronounced rotation part on the counterweights of two crankshaft cranks. Here, the swing clamp would be positioned between two counterweights, which applies by turning the T-shaped jaw, this jaw on the facing sides of the counterweights and linearly displaced and aligned by the, caused by the rotation, force effect, the crankshaft. The jaw could be operated by an actuator such as a knurl.

In another promising embodiment, the axial clamp is designed as a scissors clamp, which has two arms synchronously counter-pivotally mounted via a joint. The scissors clamp can be aligned so that the arms are pivoted in the longitudinal direction of the rotating member and make contact with lugs of the rotary member, whereby this is transferred in the longitudinal direction in a defined, aligned position. It is conceivable for the arms to rest on the cheeks of the crankshaft in the case of a rotary part designed as a crankshaft or to be supported on it. By caused due to the pivoting of the arms force on the crankshaft, this would be moved and aligned in the longitudinal direction.

The use of one of the Axialspanner can be dependent on the accessibility and the angular position of existing on the rotary part approaches and their design.

Has at least one fork, the rotation part facing inner contour and dependent on the to be realized angular position of the rotation member support height, so this is in the sense associated with an advantage that can realize different forks, which are tuned to each rotating parts to be aligned. By means of an adapted inner contour, it was possible, inter alia, to align rotating parts with different diameters and to generate various angular positions of a rotating part over a different support height. In the case of a crankshaft, a crank pin could be mounted in the fork and thereby align the crankshaft in its radial direction. In a vertical, the clamping device base plate facing directed angular position of a Kurbelwellenkröpfung a lower support height would be necessary for storage of the crank pin, as opposed to a vertical of the clamping device base plate facing angular position, both angular positions differ by 180 °.

Based on the inner contour of the fork z. For example, the, forming part of the fork, tines of the fork have a different distance or be arranged on these teeth jaw inserts, which form supports for the rotary part.

In addition, it proves to be extremely advantageous if the at least one clamping unit has a foot plate on which a reading mark and also on the clamping device base plate at least one length scale corresponding to the reading mark is arranged, whereby the height of a longitudinal displacement of the clamping unit can be determined quantitatively. About such a scale could advantageously a desired distance between two clamping units or the position of a clamping unit on the Clamping device base plate without the use of z. B. spacers can be adjusted. On the other hand, it is also conceivable that a pre-positioning of the clamping units for subsequent fine adjustment of the distance is made by means of spacers.

If the clamping device is designed such that the clamping device base plate is fastened to a zero point clamping system arranged on a machine bed of a machine tool via a counter plate, then a position of the rotary part introduced in the clamping device can always be defined by means of the two axially and radially aligned alignments produce.

The invention allows numerous embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in

1 an inventive development of the clamping device;

2 an embodiment of the tensioning device with helical gear;

3 a tensioning device with arranged clamping clamp;

4 a rotary member in an angular position with dependent support height of the fork;

5a . 5b Further developments of forks;

6 a detailed view of jaws.

1 shows a development of the invention, modular clamping device 1 , This is in the tensioning device 1 a, as a crankshaft pronounced, non-rotationally symmetric rotation part 2 clamped. The rotation part 2 points in its radial direction 3 protruding approaches 4 on, which in this case as a crank throw, consisting of crank pin 25 , Cheeks 26 and counterweights 27 the crankshaft are pronounced.

The tensioning device 1 has a jig base plate 5 on which two in the longitudinal direction 8th of the rotary part 2 linearly movable, releasably arranged clamping units 6 each with two releasable clamping jaws 7 are mounted. By means of the clamping units 6 becomes the rotation part 2 orthogonal to its longitudinal direction 8th parallel to the plane of the fixture base plate 5 tense, while on the, meanwhile, the two clamping units 6 positioned, mounting bracket 12 the as a scissors tensioner 16 trained axial clamps 9 and the fork 10 over the distance plate 13 are detachably arranged. The assembly stand 12 is here transverse to the longitudinal direction 8th of the rotary part 2 arranged and extends over the entire width of the clamping device base plate 5 ,

The rotation part 2 is in the illustration by means of the scissors clamp 16 in its longitudinal direction 8th and by means of the fork 10 in the radial direction 3 aligned, which sets a vertical position of the crankcranks. The scissors clamp 16 has two arms 17 on, which are synchronously and pivotally mounted in opposite directions via a joint. The poor 17 attach themselves to the approaches 4 of the rotary part 2 at, with the in 1 shown specific embodiment with a trained as a crankshaft rotating part 2 , his arms 17 on the cheeks 26 create the cranksets or support it. By the due to the pivoting of the arms 17 caused force on the crankshaft, this is in the longitudinal direction 8th Defined moved and aligned.

It also shows that in the fork 10 a crankpin 25 stored and thereby the crankshaft in its radial direction 3 is aligned. The fork 10 has for this purpose to be realized by the angular position of the crankshaft formed as a rotary member 2 dependent support height 19 on. The crankpin 25 , and the associated Kurbelwellenkröpfung is in this case in a vertical of the clamping device base plate 5 oriented facing angular position, causing the fork 10 a lower support height 19 has as facing away from one of the clamping device base plate angular position of the crank pin 25 ,

The clamping units 6 continue to each have the foot plate 20 on to which the reading mark 21 and also on the chuck base plate 5 one each, to the reading mark 21 corresponding, length scale 22 is arranged.

In addition, the clamping units 6 with the actuating element 28 , here a knurl, for the displacement of the clamping units 6 arranged clamping jaws 7 fitted. The actuator 28 furthermore has a centrically arranged tool attachment 29 , here a hexagon, which serves to transmit a defined torque.

2 shows an embodiment of the clamping device 1 in which a, in turn designed as a crankshaft rotating part 2 about the clamping units 6 is fixed. However, this is a rotating part 2 with a shorter length than in 1 shown.

In addition, on the assembly stand 12 only a fork 10 arranged, which is the rotation part 2 in its radial direction 3 aligns. A like in 1 illustrated axial clamp 9 is not present.

The clamping units 6 are again in the longitudinal direction 8th of the rotary part 2 running linearly movable, taking on the clamping units 6 and the jig base plate 5 a helical gear 11 is arranged, by means of which the clamping unit 6 opposite the chuck base plate 5 longitudinal 8th is linearly movable.

To realize this, are at the clamping units 6 as well as on the fixture base plate 5 each mounting plates 30 arranged, to which the helical gear 11 is arranged. For producing a defined position of the clamping units 6 opposite the chuck base plate 5 are between a respective clamping unit 6 and, at the respective end, in the longitudinal direction 8th of the rotary part 2 , the tension device base plate 5 located, mounting plates 30 spacer 31 arranged, with the mounting plate 30 at the jig base plate 5 as well as the foot plate 20 Stops for the spacer 31 form.

In 3 is in contrast to the previous figures on the mounting bracket 12 next to the fork 10 as a swing clamp 14 with the T-shaped jaw 15 trained axial tensioner 9 shown, with the jaw 15 around, normal to the plane of the jig base plate 5 extending axis is rotatably mounted. This form the swing clamp 16 and the fork 10 a two-piece executed overall unit, which with respect to each other and in their entirety detachably on the mounting bracket 12 is arranged. It can be seen that in this case the swing clamp 16 at the fork 10 is arranged.

Furthermore, the swing clamp 16 between two counterweights 27 designed as a crankshaft rotating part 2 positioned, with a rotation of the T-shaped jaw 15 , this jaw 15 on the facing sides of the counterweights 27 applies and by the, caused by the rotation force effect, the crankshaft is linearly displaced and aligned. The jaw 15 This is about the actuator 32 , operated here a knurl.

4 again shows a representation of the clamping device 1 , wherein on the mounting bracket 12 the scissors clamp 16 as well as the fork 10 over the distance plate 13 are arranged.

The pronounced as a crankshaft rotation part 2 points as opposed to example 1 another angle position. This to be realized angular position requires a dependent of this angular position, other support height 19 the fork 10 , The one in the fork 10 mounted crank pins 25 and the associated crankshaft offset is located in a vertical, the chuck base plate 5 facing away angular position, causing the fork 10 a higher support height 19 as in one of the chuck base plate 5 facing directed angular position of the crank pin 25 , as for example in 1 is shown.

Moreover, the chuck base plate is 5 over a counter plate 23 at the zero point clamping system 24 attached.

In 5a such as 5b are further developments of forks 10 represented, in which 1 to 4 shown rotary part 2 , in an assembled state facing, inner contour 18 can be seen. The inner contour 18 the forks 10 differs on the one hand in a different distance between the two prongs 33 the forks 10 and secondly, that at the tines 33 the in 5b illustrated fork 10 jaw inserts 34 are arranged, which supports for the rotary part 2 form.

6 also shows a clamping unit 6 with two jaws 7 , wherein the concave shaped receiving recesses 35 the jaws 7 , for radially holding the in 1 to 4 shown rotating parts 2 , are shown. The recording recesses 35 show a substantially triangular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, resulting in different diameters on the rotating parts 2 let stretch. In the jaws 7 are still breakthroughs 36 introduced, through which passes the rotary part 2 can be processed by means of a tool, such as a drill or milling cutter.

Moreover, one is on the assembly stand 12 arranged fork 10 to recognize.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 jig

2

 rotating part

3

 Radial direction

4

 approach

5

 Jig base

6

 clamping unit

7

 jaw

8th

 longitudinal direction

9

 Axialspanner

10

fork

11

helical

12

trestle

13

spacer plate

14

swing clamps

15

jaw

16

scissors Spanner

17

poor

18

inner contour

19

support height

20

footplate

21

 reading mark

22

 length scale

23

 counterplate

24

 Pallet System

25

 crank pins

26

 cheek

27

 counterweight

28

 jig

29

 tool attachment

30

 mounting plate

31

 spacer

32

 jig

33

 prong

34

 bread pan

35

 receiving recess

36

 perforation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004043404 A1 [0004]
• DE 10200774 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Modular clamping device ( 1 ) for use in machine tools, for non-rotationally symmetrical rotating parts ( 2 ) of variable design, the rotating parts ( 2 ) in its radial direction ( 3 ) outstanding approaches ( 4 ) and the tensioning device ( 1 ) via a jig base plate ( 5 ), characterized in that the tensioning device ( 1 ) at least one releasably arranged clamping unit ( 6 ) with two releasable clamping jaws ( 7 ), by means of which the rotary part ( 2 ) orthogonal to its longitudinal direction ( 8th ), parallel to the plane of the fixture base plate ( 5 ) and at least one axial tensioner ( 9 ) and / or at least one fork ( 10 ) is releasably arranged, respectively are, wherein the rotary part ( 2 ) on the one hand by means of the axial tensioner ( 9 ) in its longitudinal direction ( 8th ) and the other by means of the fork ( 10 ) in the radial direction ( 3 ) is alignable. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one, detachably arranged clamping unit ( 6 ) longitudinal ( 8th ) of the rotary part ( 2 ) is designed to be linearly movable. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that on the at least one clamping unit ( 6 ) and the fixture base plate ( 5 ) a helical gear ( 11 ) can be arranged, by means of which the clamping unit ( 6 ) opposite the fixture baseplate ( 5 ) is linearly movable. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the fixture base plate ( 5 ) two clamping units ( 6 ) and a mounting bracket ( 12 ) are detachably arranged, wherein the mounting bracket ( 12 ) meanwhile the two clamping units ( 6 ), transversely to the longitudinal direction ( 8th ) of the rotary part ( 2 ) and at least in sections across the width of the clamping device base plate ( 5 ), is positioned. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial tensioner ( 9 ) and / or the fork ( 10 ) on the assembly stand ( 12 ) or that the axial tensioner ( 9 ) and / or the fork ( 10 ) via a spacer plate ( 13 ) on the assembly stand ( 12 ) are detachably arranged. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one axial tensioner ( 9 ) as a swing clamp ( 14 ) with a T-shaped jaw ( 15 ), wherein the clamping jaw ( 15 ) about one, normal to the plane of the fixture base plate ( 5 ) extending, axis is rotatably mounted. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one axial tensioner ( 9 ) as a scissors clamp ( 16 ) is formed, which two, via a joint, synchronously and counter-pivotally mounted arms ( 17 ) having. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one fork ( 10 ) one, the rotary part ( 2 ) facing, inner contour ( 18 ) and one of the angular position of the rotating part to be realized ( 2 ) dependent, support height ( 19 ) having. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one clamping unit ( 6 ) a foot plate ( 20 ) on which a read mark ( 21 ) and also on the fixture base plate ( 5 ) at least one, to the reading mark ( 21 ) corresponding length scale ( 22 ), whereby the height of a longitudinal displacement of the clamping unit ( 6 ) can be determined quantitatively. Clamping device ( 1 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping device base plate ( 5 ) via a counter plate ( 23 ) on a, arranged on a machine bed of a machine tool, zero point clamping system ( 24 ) is attached.

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