DE102016202421A1 - Cooled cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

A refrigerated cleaning device (110) is disclosed. The cooled cleaning device (110) includes:
A tube (108) having an inner surface facing a tube interior (109) and an outer surface facing the outer periphery of the tube (108), wherein a flammable material (110) and a detonator (111) are provided in the tube interior (109) ;
A distribution medium (106) for a fluid medium, wherein the fluid medium is arranged to cool the ignitable material (110);
wherein the distribution member (106) is attachable to the tube (108);
wherein the distribution member (106) is arranged to direct the fluid medium along at least part of the outer surface of the tube (108).
Furthermore, a method for removing deposits on surfaces by blast cleaning and the use of a cooled cleaning device in a thermal plant are proposed.

Description

STATE OF THE ART

In thermal systems, in particular in heat exchangers, waste heat boilers, combustion chambers, reactor chambers or steam generators, material residues can generally be deposited on pipelines and / or walls of the installations. This can lead to a reduction in the efficiency of the system.

To remove such deposits as completely as possible, various cleaning techniques can be used. For example, the cleaning techniques may include blast cleaning, especially blast cleaning. If cleaning is carried out at a time when the system still has an elevated temperature of, for example, more than 100 ° C. or more than 200 ° C., then the devices provided for blasting cleaning must be cooled accordingly in order to prevent premature detonation of the blasting agent.

Out EP 1 275 925 A1 For example, a method and apparatus for locally destroying compact materials in hot thermal installations is known. The method for the local destruction of compact materials, such as slag approaches, masonry residues, etc. in hot thermal systems such as heat exchangers, industrial furnaces, firing systems, metallurgical melting vessels, using a disintegrant. The explosive is disposed at the forward end of a lance in a coolant-passed cooling vessel and is brought into the immediate vicinity of the material to be destroyed by holding and moving the rear end of the lance through an opening of the hot thermal plant and is ignited by means of an igniter at an arbitrary time , The coolant flows into the cooling head formed as a double tube with the cooling head and supply head via the lance in the supply head, is guided through the inner tube or the inner cooling jacket to the front end of the cooling head, thereby flowing past the explosive agent containing explosives container. Then, the coolant is conveyed between the inner cooling jacket and the outer tube forming the cooling head housing back to the supply head and from this out of the hot thermal plant out.

Out EP 1 544 567 B1 a device for cleaning contaminants in heat exchangers, waste heat boilers and combustion chambers is known. The device comprises a first tube and a second tube deflected thereon, which have a large length and at the same time a relatively small diameter, wherein within the second tube a flammable gas mixture and / or an explosive device, in particular a detonating cord, and an igniter are formed Igniter detonation is initiated when triggered and connected via a firing line with a Zündauslösemechanismus, and the second tube is destroyed after demolition. The cooling takes place according to the teaching of EP 1 544 567 B1 in that a water / air mixture is passed through the pipe containing the detonating cord and exits at the end of the pipe.

Despite the numerous devices known from the prior art for the explosive cleaning of thermal systems, these still retain potential for improvement. Thus, there is an increasing demand for devices which allow cleaning even at an elevated temperature within the plant.

It would therefore be desirable to have a cooled cleaning device that at least largely overcomes the technical challenges of already established devices.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore proposed a cooled cleaning device which at least largely avoids the above-mentioned problems of known devices. Furthermore, a method for removing deposits on surfaces of thermal plants by blast cleaning and the use of a cooled cleaning device for removing deposits on surfaces of thermal systems proposed.

The cooled cleaning device includes a tube having an inner surface facing a tube interior and an outer surface facing the outer periphery of the tube, wherein a flammable material and a detonator are provided in the tube interior. Furthermore, the cooled cleaning device includes a distribution medium for a fluid medium, wherein the fluid medium is adapted to cool the flammable material. The distribution element can be attached to the pipe. Furthermore, the distribution element is arranged to guide the fluid medium along at least part of the outer surface of the tube.

The term "tube" basically refers to an elongate hollow body. The tube may in principle have any cross section, for example a round, ellipsoidal or polygonal cross section. The tube can be made of a combustible material, in particular of cardboard. It is also conceivable to use a tube made of metal, in particular aluminum. In particular, the tube can be destroyed by a blast. The tube may be configured such that, after being broken up, the material breaks up into fractions which strike against pipes or walls of the thermal systems and thus remove soiling and / or deposits from the pipes or walls of the thermal systems. The length of the tube containing the flammable material is preferably in a range of 10 cm to 300 cm, more preferably in a range of 15 cm to 200 cm, and most preferably in a range of 20 cm to 100 cm, while the outer diameter of the tube preferably in a range of 0.5 cm to 10 cm, more preferably in a range of 1 cm to 7.5 cm, and most preferably in a range of 2 cm to 5 cm. Usually, the tube containing the flammable material is a cardboard tube with a maximum length of 60 cm and a maximum diameter of 4 cm.

The term "flammable" basically denotes a property of a material to burn off automatically after an inflammation. Basically, the flammable material has a flash point. The flammable material may in particular be a gelatinous explosive or a detonating cord. Gelatinous explosives usually consist of aliphatic nitric acid esters, so-called explosive oils, such as glycerol trinitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate or diethylene glycol dinitrate, aromatic nitro compounds, such as dinitrotoluene, trinitrotoluene, and ammonium nitrate or mixtures thereof. To reduce the impact sensitivity they are gelatinized with 6% to 8% cellulose nitrate or collodion wool. Usually such gelatinous explosives are used in patronized form. A detonating cord usually contains an explosive core made of a highly explosive which is covered with plastic film and wound with plastic threads. This allows the detonating cords to withstand high tensile loads without loss of function. Against external influences during loading work as well as effective protection against moisture, the detonating cord can be sealed with a PVC jacket. Suitable gelatinous explosives and detonating cords are for example available from MAXAM Corp. Holding, S. L, Madrid, Spain.

Preferably, the tube containing the flammable material is filled with at least 50%, more preferably at least 75%, even more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% of the total length of the tube with the flammable material. The length of the cartridges of gelatinous explosive or detonating cord therefore corresponds to at least 75%, more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% of the total length of the tube.

According to the invention, it is particularly preferred for the diameter of the gelatinous explosive cartridge or the diameter of the detonating cord to be at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 75%, even more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% and very particularly preferably at least 99%. the inner diameter of the tube containing the flammable material. Accordingly, it is very particularly preferred if the diameter of the cartridges of the gelatinous explosive or the diameter of the detonating cord approximately correspond to the inner diameter of this tube, so that the interior of the tube is almost completely filled with the flammable material. If the diameter of the cartridges of the gelatinous explosive or the diameter of the detonating cord be smaller than the inner diameter of the tube, it has proven to better fix the flammable material in the tube to fill the remaining space with a filler, for example, with paper towel , with gravel, sand or with polyurethane foam.

Under a "detonator" in the context of the present invention is basically any element to understand, which is adapted to ignite any flammable material, in particular gelatinous explosive or a detonating cord. Consequently, the detonator may be particularly configured to produce a spark. In particular, the detonator may include two or more electrodes configured to produce the spark. In principle, all non-electric, electric or electronic detonators known to those skilled in the art can be used which they deem suitable for the given purpose, in particular all detonators which are usually used to initiate the detonation of a gelatinous explosive or detonating cord. Exemplary at this point are the non-electrical RIONEL or DETINEL ignition systems, the electrical RIODET I (U) and RIODET H (HU) ignition systems and the electronic ignition systems of MAXAM Corp. Holding, S. L, Madrid, Spain.

In the context of the present invention, a "fluid medium" is basically to be understood as meaning any substance in the fluid state which, on the other hand, opposes a change in shape with a small change, whereas a change in volume with it presents a great resistance. In general, the fluid state of the substance may be temperature and / or pressure dependent. The fluid medium may in principle include a liquid part, in particular water, and / or a gaseous part, in particular air. However, other embodiments are conceivable. Particularly preferred as a fluid medium is a water / air mixture.

A "distribution element" in the sense of the present invention basically means any element which is set up to spatially distribute any fluid medium, in particular an air / water mixture. The distribution element may in particular be made of a rigid material, for example of a metal, particularly preferably of iron or steel.

Preferably, the distribution element comprises a core and a sleeve which can be attached to the core. Through the core, the fluid medium, preferably the air / water mixture, flows into the distribution element and leaves it through the wall of the sleeve. For this purpose, channels are formed within a wall of the sleeve, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. Preferably, the channels for the fluid medium are permeable. Furthermore, it is preferred that the sleeve is characterized by a circular cross-section and that the channels are arranged at least partially at regular intervals along a circle in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve, as shown in FIGS 3a and 3b is shown. The number of channels is preferably in a range of 5 to 50, more preferably in a range of 10 to 40 and most preferably in a range of 15 to 25. The diameter of the sleeve is preferably in a range of 3 to 15 cm, more preferably in a range of 5 to 10 cm, while the length is 5 to 15 cm, particularly preferably 8 to 12 cm. The thickness of the wall of the sleeve, within which the channels extend in the longitudinal direction, is usually in a range of 0.5 to 2 cm, more preferably in a range of 1 to 1.5 cm.

Preferably, the distribution element includes at least one receptacle, wherein the tube containing the flammable material is received in the receptacle. In this case, the receptacle can be formed by attaching the sleeve to the core of the distribution element. In this context, it is further preferred that the tube protrudes from the distribution element.

The distribution element is arranged according to the invention to direct the fluid medium along at least part of the outer surface of the tube. In contrast to the cooled cleaning devices known from the prior art, the fluid medium used for cooling, preferably the air / water mixture, is therefore not guided within the tube containing the flammable material in the cooled cleaning device according to the invention, but along at least part of the outside surface of the pipe.

The cooled cleaning device according to the invention may further comprise a device for producing an air / water mixture as a fluid medium and a holding tube connected to this device via a holding tube, which in turn is connected via the distribution element to the tube containing the flammable material. The holding tube (also referred to as "lance") may be a cardboard or a metal tube, in particular a steel or aluminum tube through which the fluid medium, preferably the air / water mixture, can be passed and through which also with the Detonator to be connected ignition cables can be performed. The length of this holding tube is preferably in a range of 50 cm to 500 cm, more preferably in a range of 100 cm to 250 cm, wherein the diameter is usually 1 cm to 10 cm, particularly preferably 2 cm to 5 cm. The length of the hose, via which the holding tube is connected to the device for producing an air / water mixture, depends on the respective local conditions, in particular on the distance of a suitable water source to the device to be cleaned.

• a) das Bereitstellen einer gekühlten Reinigungsvorrichtung umfassend ein Rohr, welches eine einem Rohrinnenraum zugewandte innere Oberfläche und eine der äußeren Umgebung des Rohres zugewandte äußere Oberfläche aufweist, wobei im Rohrinnenraum ein entzündbares Material und ein Sprengzünder vorgesehen sind;
• b) Kühlen des entzündbaren Materials mittels eines fluiden Mediums, welches entlang der äußeren Oberfläche des Rohres strömt;
• c) Positionieren des Rohres in der Nähe der Ablagerungen;
• d) Entzünden des entzündbaren Materials.

The method for removing deposits on surfaces, in particular on pipes or walls, thermal plants by blast cleaning comprises the process steps:

• a) providing a cooled cleaning device comprising a tube having an inner surface facing a tube interior and an outer surface of the tube facing outer surface, wherein in the tube interior, a flammable material and a detonator are provided;
• b) cooling the flammable material by means of a fluid medium flowing along the outer surface of the tube;
• c) positioning the tube near the deposits;
• d) Igniting the flammable material.

The cooled cleaning device provided in method step a) is preferably the cooled cleaning device according to the invention described above. The fluid medium is preferably an air / water mixture, the flammable material is preferably a gelatinous explosive or detonating cord and the tube is preferably a cardboard tube.

Again, it is preferred that the tube containing the flammable material is filled with at least 50%, more preferably at least 75%, even more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% of the total length of the tube with the flammable material. Length of cartridges of gelatinous explosive or the detonating cord therefore corresponds to at least 75%, more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% of the total length of the tube. The diameter of the cartridges of gelatinous explosive or the diameter of the detonating cord makes at least 50%, more preferably at least 75%, even more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95% and most preferably at least 99% of the inner diameter of the flammable material containing tube out. Accordingly, the diameter of the cartridges of gelatinous explosive or the diameter of the detonating cord approximately corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of this tube, so that the interior of the tube is almost completely filled with the flammable material , If the diameter of the cartridges of the gelatinous explosive or the diameter of the detonating cord be smaller than the inner diameter of the tube, so the remaining space can be filled with a filler, such as paper towel, with gravel, sand or polyurethane foam.

The deposits which can be removed by means of the method according to the invention are preferably compact materials, for example slag mixtures, masonry residues etc. in hot thermal installations such as, for example, heat exchangers, industrial furnaces, firing installations or metallurgical melting vessels.

In method step b), the flammable material is cooled by means of a fluid medium, preferably by means of an air / water mixture, this fluid medium flowing along the outer surface of the tube. The cooling of the flammable material and the detonator thus takes place via the outside of the tube and preferably not by the fact that the fluid medium flows through the interior of the tube and thus comes into direct contact with the flammable material and the detonator.

In process step c), the pipe is positioned in the vicinity of the deposits and finally, in process step d), the flammable material is ignited in the interior of the pipe, so that the pipe is destroyed during the blasting. For better positioning of the explosive-containing tube may be provided between the support rod (lance) and the blast pipe a joint.

In a further aspect of the present invention, a use of the cooled cleaning device according to the invention for the removal of deposits on surfaces, in particular on pipes or walls, thermal plants is disclosed. The thermal plant is preferably selected from the group consisting of a heat exchanger, a waste heat boiler, a combustion chamber, a reactor chamber, a steam generator, a chimney and a chimney. Other uses are conceivable in principle. In particular, the refrigerated cleaning device according to any one of the embodiments already described or described below can be used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Further optional details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the figures.

Show it:

1a . 1b 1 is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a cooled cleaning device ( 1a ) and a flammable material, preferably a detonating cord, containing tube, preferably paperboard, in cross-section ( 1b );

2a . 2 B the two components (core and sleeve) of the distribution element, each in perspective view ( 2a : Core; 2 B : Sleeve);

3a . 3b the sleeve as seen from above, ie from the end into which the tube is inserted and at which the cooling medium emerges in such a way that it flows along the outer surface of the tube ( 3a ) and from below, ie from the end, which is attached to the core ( 3b ).

EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The 1a and 1b show a schematic representation of an embodiment of a cooled cleaning device 100 ( 1a ) and a flammable material, preferably a detonating cord, containing tube, preferably paperboard, in cross-section ( 1b ).

The cooled cleaning device 100 includes a tube 108 and a distribution element 106 for a fluid medium, in particular for an air / water mixture. Like in the 1b shown in cross-section (looking in the direction of arrow A in 1a ), rejects the pipe 108 a pipe interior 109 facing inner surface 113 and one of the outer environment of the tube 108 facing outer surface 112 on, being inside the pipe 109 a flammable material 110 , preferably a detonating cord, and a detonator 111 are provided. The pipe 108 may in particular be made of a combustible material, in particular of cardboard. For example, the pipe 108 , as in 1b shown to have a round cross-section. The detonating cord 110 can inside the tube 108 be arranged and along a longitudinal axis of the tube 108 extend. The detonator 111 may in particular include a spark plug. The detonator 111 can in the pipe 108 be included. Furthermore, the detonator can 111 in contact with the flammable material 110 stand.

Through the distribution element 106 on which about the recording 216 (please refer 3a ) the pipe 108 is plugged, the fluid medium, preferably the air / water mixture flows through in such a way that it in the direction of the arrows 107 emerging from channels and along the outer surface 112 of the pipe 108 flows. That way, the pipe becomes 108 cooled from the outside by the fluid cooling medium.

Furthermore, the cooled cleaning device 100 a device 101 for producing an air / water mixture, for example an air / water heat pump, comprising an air inlet 102 and a water inlet 103 , About a hose 104 Can the air / water mixture through a holding tube 105 into the distribution element 106 stream.

2a and 2 B show the two components of the distribution element 106 ie the core 201 and those on the core 201 attachable sleeve 210 , The core 201 includes a connection 202 , about which the distribution element, for example, with the holding tube 105 can be connected and through the the air / water mixture from the holding tube 105 can flow into the distribution element. At the other end has the core 201 an essay 204 on which the pipe 108 can be plugged. Here comes the tube 108 on the ring 207 of the core 201 to lie. Will the sleeve 201 over the end 213 on the head 203 of the core, then comes the end 213 the sleeve 211 on the ring 209 of the core. Over the holes 214 in the sleeve and the threads 205 At the core, the sleeve can 211 stuck to the core 201 be screwed (the screws are in the and Not shown). About the thread 215 in the sleeve that can be in the end 212 the sleeve 211 tube to be inserted 108 be fixed by means of screws (these screws are in the and Not shown). Is the sleeve 211 to the core 201 attached and flows the air / water mixture over the entrance 202 in the core, so it can have holes there 205 escape. Over in the longitudinal direction of the wall of the sleeve 211 localized channels (in the 2 B can not be seen due to the perspective view), the air / water mixture flows on the side 212 the sleeve 211 and flows along the outer surface 112 in the distribution element 106 plugged explosive pipe 108 and so cool the in the blast tube 108 isolated detonator 111 and the flammable material located in the blast tube 110 , Inside the core 201 is a channel 208 provided, can be routed through the ignition cables that can be connected to the detonator.

3a and 3b show the sleeve 211 seen from above, ie from the end 212 into which the pipe 108 is inserted and exits to the cooling medium such that it along the outer surface 112 of the pipe 108 flows ( 3a ) and from below, ie from the end 213 which is on the core 201 is attached ( 3b ). Again 3a it can be seen, are the channels 217 at least partially at regular intervals along a circle in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve 211 arranged. The diameter of the channels 217 is preferably in a range of 1 to 5 mm. 3b shows the sleeve 211 from the point of view of the end, which points to the core 201 is plugged. When attaching the sleeve 211 to the core 201 comes the area 220 on the ring 209 of the core 201 to lie while the area 219 on the ring 210 of the core 201 to come to rest. Now flows the air / water mixture through the openings 205 of the core 201 in the interior of the sleeve 211 , it flows in the direction of arrow B in the 3b shown channels 217 and leaves these channels 217 up in 3a , so that the cooling medium evenly around the cross section of the pipe 108 around in the longitudinal direction of the tube 108 on its outer surface 112 flows along.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

cooled cleaning device

101

Apparatus for producing an air / water mixture

102

air intake

103

water inlet

104

tube

105

Support tube

106

distribution element

107

Flow direction of the fluid medium (air / water mixture)

108

Pipe (explosive pipe)

109

Tube interior

110

flammable material

111

detonators

112

outer surface

113

inner surface

201

Core of the distribution element

202

connection

203

Head of the core 201

204

Attachment for pipe 108

205

thread

206

Holes as flow channels

207

ring

208

Channel for ignition cables

209

ring

210

ring

211

Sleeve of the distribution element

212

upper end of the sleeve 211

213

lower end of the sleeve 211

214

hole

215

hole

216

Pick up for pipe 108

217

Channels for fluid medium (air / water mixture)

218

Coat of the sleeve 211

219

Area on the ring 209 to come to rest

220

Area on the ring 210 to come to rest

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1275925 A1 [0003]
• EP 1544567 B1 [0004, 0004]

Claims (16)

Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) containing: • a pipe ( 108 ) having a pipe interior ( 109 ) facing inner surface ( 113 ) and one of the outer environment of the tube ( 108 ) facing outer surface ( 112 ), wherein in the pipe interior ( 109 ) an inflammable material ( 110 ) and a detonator ( 111 ) are provided; • a distribution element ( 106 ) for a fluid medium, wherein the fluid medium is arranged, the flammable material ( 110 ) to cool; wherein the distribution element ( 106 ) on the pipe ( 108 ) is attachable; wherein the distribution element ( 106 ) is arranged to move the fluid medium along at least part of the outer surface ( 112 ) of the pipe ( 108 ). Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the distribution element ( 106 ) a core ( 201 ) and an attachable to the core sleeve ( 211 ). Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein within a wall ( 217 ) of the sleeve ( 211 ) Channels ( 217 ) are formed, which in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve ( 211 ). Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the channels ( 217 ) are designed to be permeable to the fluid medium. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the distribution element ( 106 ) at least one recording ( 216 ), wherein the pipe ( 108 ) in the recording ( 216 ) is recorded. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the tube ( 108 ) from the distribution element ( 106 ) stands out. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tube ( 108 ) is destructible by a blast. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the tube ( 108 ) is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a paper-containing material, in particular cardboard, and a metal, in particular aluminum. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flammable material ( 110 ) is a gelatinous explosive or detonating cord. Cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cleaning device ( 100 ) a device ( 101 ) for producing an air / water mixture as a fluid medium and via a hose ( 104 ) with the device ( 101 ) connected holding tube ( 105 ), which in turn via the distribution element ( 106 ) with the pipe ( 108 ) connected is. A method for removing deposits on surfaces of thermal plants by blast cleaning, comprising the steps of: a) providing a cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) comprising a tube ( 108 ), which is a pipe interior ( 109 ) facing inner surface ( 113 ) and one of the outer environment of the tube ( 108 ) facing outer surface ( 112 ), wherein in the tube interior ( 109 ) an inflammable material ( 110 ) and a detonator ( 111 ) are provided; b) cooling the flammable material ( 110 ) by means of a fluid medium, which along the outer surface ( 112 ) of the pipe ( 108 ) flows; c) Positioning the pipe ( 108 ) near the deposits; d) igniting the flammable material ( 110 ). The method of claim 11, wherein the fluid medium is an air / water mixture. A method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the tube ( 108 ) is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a paper-containing material, in particular cardboard, and a metal, in particular aluminum. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the flammable material ( 110 ) is a gelatinous explosive or detonating cord. Method according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the cleaning device ( 100 ) a device ( 101 ) for producing an air-water mixture as a fluid medium and via a hose ( 104 ) with the device ( 101 ) connected holding tube ( 105 ), which via the distribution element ( 106 ) with the pipe ( 108 ) connected is. Use of the cooled cleaning device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 for the removal of deposits on the surfaces of thermal installations.

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