EP1275925A1 - Method and apparatus for destroying locally compact materials in hot thermal installations - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for local destruction of compact material, e.g. clinker coating, masonry remains, etc., in hot thermal systems such as heat exchangers, industrial ovens, furnaces, and metallurgical melting vessels, uses an explosive (5) arranged on the front end of a lance (3) in a cooling container (1) through which coolant (4) flows. The explosive is inserted through an opening in the hot thermal system directly adjacent to the material to be destroyed by holding and moving the rear end of the lance and is ignited by an ignition device. The coolant flows into the cooling container designed as a double tube having a cooling head (10) and a supply head (11) over the lance into the supply head, through the inner tube/inner cooling casing (27) to the front end of the cooling head, past the explosive container (25), between the inner cooling casing and the cooling head housing (23) back to the supply head, and from this out of the hot thermal system. An Independent claim is also included for a device for carrying out the above process.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for local destruction compact materials, such as slag approaches, masonry residues etc. in hot thermal plants such as heat exchangers, industrial furnaces, Firing systems, metallurgical melting vessels, with the help of a Blasting agent, which at the front end of a lance in a coolant flowing through Cooling container is arranged and that by holding and moving the rear end of the lance through a hot thermal opening Plant brought into the immediate vicinity of the material to be destroyed and by means of an ignition device is ignited at an arbitrary time.

Such deliberately induced destructions by means of blasting are known for various applications, these blasts in hot plants are carried out up to high temperatures. In the Performing the blasting is technically often quite complicated Tasks that require a high degree of exact preparation and implementation the blasting work, since these works mostly under maintenance the immediate production of the corresponding production Plant must be carried out. The partially extremely high Temperatures in the materials to be blasted and thermal systems also make great demands on the blasting personnel. There are Therefore, different methods and devices are known to such Perform blasting operations inside hot thermal plants.

From the patent US-A-2,840,365 a method is known in which the Removal of slag deposits in an oven in pre-installed cooling tubes, which are flowed through by a coolant and cooled after completion the cooling a disintegrant is introduced and ignited. An optimal Positioning is not possible. There is also the danger of a Temperature caused premature release of the blast, since after insertion the explosive in the cooling tube no more cooling performed becomes.

From the patent GB-823353 it is known approaches in metallurgical Electric ovens with the help of a located at the front end of a rod Explosives, which are brought with the rod in an optimal position can blow up. The explosive is in this case of a thicker insulating layer surrounded by the explosive after its introduction into the hot oven is heated only very slowly, allowing to handle the Rod for optimal positioning a longer period of time available is before self-ignition can occur.

In order to exclude such auto-ignition in any case, in EP 1 067 349 A2 proposed, which arranged at the front end of a rod Disintegrators even during placement in a hot, operating Cool the heat exchanger with a coolant. This is the explosives surrounded by a cooling device. In this cooling device flows Coolant at the front end, flows through the cooling device and flows around the disintegrating means disposed at the rear end of the cooling device and then leaves the cooler through openings in the at its rear End of semi-permeable wrapping.

• Verschlammen der Arbeitsflächen
• Eindringen des Kühlmittels in die zu zerstörenden Materialien
• Gefährdung elektrischer Anlagen (soweit vorhanden)
• unerwünschte Reaktionen des Kühlmittels mit den heißen Gasen und Feststoffen der thermischen Anlage
• Kontamination bzw. Reaktion des abzureinigenden Materials
• zusätzliche Verhärtung der Oberflächen.

In addition to the disadvantage that due to the direct flow around the explosive means no powder or granular disintegrant can be used, there is another disadvantage in that no homogeneous flow around and cooling of the disintegrant is ensured, since no influence on the flow path of the coolant can be taken. It is therefore not ensured that the end of the cooling device comes into contact with still cool coolant, since there is the possibility that the coolant already exits through the openings in the semi-permeable enclosure before. Finally, it should be mentioned as a disadvantage that the refrigerant emerging from the cooling device may possibly lead to unpleasant phenomena, such as, for example

• Sludging the work surfaces
• Penetration of the coolant into the materials to be destroyed
• Danger to electrical systems (if available)
• undesirable reactions of the coolant with the hot gases and solids of the thermal plant
• Contamination or reaction of the material to be cleaned
• additional hardening of the surfaces.

Based on this known prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device, with the help of a Explosives in an optimal way in the immediate vicinity of the hot to be destroyed Materials can be brought and thereby cooled, without the described Disadvantages can adjust.

The task is procedurally with the characterizing features of claim 1 solved by the coolant in the as a double tube with cooling head and supply head formed cooling tank on the lance flows into the supply head, through the inner tube or the inner cooling jacket is guided to the front end of the cooling head and thereby on the the disintegrant contained explosives container flows past and then between the inner tube and the outer tube back to the supply head and from this out of the hot thermal plant is led out.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims, wherein in the device claim and the following a device for Implementation of this method according to the invention is shown.

By the measure according to the invention, the coolant from the cooling tank and to lead out of the hot thermal plant, the avoided at the outset in known methods disadvantages, namely that the coolant remains in the hot thermal systems. The coolant is expediently arranged by an outside of the lance Discharged line, the length of this line the local conditions, where the coolant needs to be conveyed is adjusted.

The supply of the coolant to the cooling tank takes place through the hollow interior the lance, which at its front end via a screw or Plug connection with the supply head of the cooling tank and on her rear end via a clutch, such as a GK clutch, with a Coolant inlet, such as a pressurized water line or a coolant pump is connected. That way, one becomes Forced delivery of the coolant, starting from the coolant inlet through the Lance into the thermal system, then through the inner tube of the cooling tank past the explosives container to the front end of the cooling tank, then back through the outer tube of the cooling tank and over the outside maintained on the lance line from the thermal system maintained.

The explosive is thereby cooled by the passing coolant, so that even with a longer residence time of the disintegrant in the hot thermal Plant no self-ignition of the explosive can take place and also a time consuming optimal positioning of the lance with the explosive is possible.

Such optimal positioning is often required to maximize one to achieve extensive destruction of the compact material, without doing so to destroy valuable components of the thermal plant with, if not, how in known methods, blasting in a previously created wellbore should be done.

In support of the demolition targeted by the demolition is located Therefore, - next to the disintegrant - a pack of a granular Bulk material, which in the detonation of the explosive agent against the to be destroyed material is shot. Thus the effect of the bulk material also targeted in a desired direction and not scattered, is the Bulk pack not around the explosives container, but only at one localized location next to the explosives container arranged. alternative to the described bulk material or in addition could also aluminum powder used to increase the detonation rate.

According to the invention, the disintegrant is housed in a separate container. In this way, pasty, powdery or granular Explosives are used because the explosives are not in direct Contact with the coolant passes and can not be washed away.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent below explained in more detail in an embodiment shown in drawing figures:

Fig. 1

einen Kühlbehälter mit Lanze,

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A der Figur 1,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie B-B der Figur 1.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a cooling container with lance,

Fig. 2

a section along the line AA of Figure 1,

Fig. 3

a section along the line BB of Figure 1.

FIG. 1 shows a ready-to-use device for demolition according to FIG the invention with a cooling container 1 in a sectional view, consisting essentially from the cooling head 10 and supply head 11 for cooling a disintegrant 5 with coolant 4, wherein the cooling container 1 with a lance 3 connected for positioning and supply of the cooling tank 1 at the site is.

At the rear end of the cooling container 1 is the supply head 11, the with its centrally located coolant inlet opening 12 on the conical Mouthpiece 34 of the lance 3 attachable or otherwise connectable is (the lance 3 and the cooling tank 1 are shown separated from each other for reasons of space. Above the coolant inlet opening 12 is a coolant outlet 15, the coolant outlet 14 of the cooling tank 1 via the flexible Coolant drain line 16 with the arranged on the lance 3 coolant drain line 31 connects.

With radial distance from each other, the supply head 11 has several Walls 13, 17, 18. These are from the inside to the outside of the cooling head receiving tube 18, in which the explosives container 25 is inserted, the supply pipe 17 with deferred inner cooling jacket 27 and the supply housing 13 with the cooling head housing 23. For stabilization the walls 13, 17, 18 with each other are between the Kühlkopfaufnahmerohr 18 and the supply pipe 17 three spacer bars 26 and to offset between the supply pipe 17 and the supply housing 13, three spacer bars 24 arranged.

From the figures 2 and 3, which is a section along the line A-A and the line B-B of Figure 1, the arrangement of these webs 24, 26 is particularly good recognizable.

The blasting agent container 25 inserted into the cooling head receiving tube 18 consists of a tube with closed ends 28, 29, filled with one Insulating and insulating means 53, 54, for example sand, with the disintegrating agent 5 and the primer 51. The ignition cables 52 of the primer 51 are made of the Disposed explosive container 25 and through the rear wall 19 of the cooling head receiving tube 18 pushed through. From there they are through the coolant inlet opening 12 and through the cavity of the lance 3 and out of this by a screw plug 33 to an example electrical ignition device (The ignition device is not shown) out.

Above the explosives container 25 is, clamped between the explosives container 25 and the inner cooling jacket 27 in a packaging envelope 56 located granular bulk material 55. In Fig. 2, the location this bulk package 55, 56 and the effective direction resulting from this position 57 of the bulk material in the detonation of the explosive means 5 located.

The serving as a closure body of the cooling tank 1 cooling head housing 23rd consists in the illustrated embodiment of a tubular flexible Material that at its front end with a closure means, for example a tie wire twine tied and with its rear end slid on the supply housing 13 and there also with a Rödeldrahtzwirbel 21 is fixed. Alternatively, as the cooling head housing 23 also a sheet metal container may be provided.

The filling of the blasting agent container 25 is carried out as follows: First one side of the container is closed. At the closure end 28 is then a small amount of the insulating and insulating material 54, for example Sand, filled. Now the disintegrant 5 with the primer 51 in the container Inserted 25, pushed by means of a loading stick to the closure end 28 and caulked to the pipe wall. The remaining cavity is with the insulation and insulating 53 filled, the ignition cable 52 from the Container 25 are led out. The thus filled container 25 is now at the filling 29 also closed. Subsequently, the locked Disintegrant container 25 in the receiving ring 18 of the supply head eleventh pushed and fixed there by frictional engagement, the ignition cable 52 through a bore in the rear wall 19 of the supply head 11 led out become.

The supply head 11, the rear end of the cooling container 1, is made of a stable material, such as cast steel and therefore can also for several blasts are used. However, it is necessary the between the explosive 5 and the supply head 11 a safety distance of at least 50 mm is observed, whereupon in the design the length of the explosives container 25 and the filled amount of explosive to pay attention.

In addition to the cooling head receiving tube 18 are larger diameter at the supply head 11, two more walls, namely the supply pipe 17, on which the inner tube or the inner cooling jacket 27 of the Cooling head 10 and the supply housing 13, to which the outer tube or the cooling head housing 23 are pushed. The connection between the Components are advantageously carried out by a clip closure, by screwing or by means of metal wire twist (with a flexible pipe).

Before pushing on the outer tube or the cooling head housing 23 is first between the inner tube or the inner cooling jacket 27 and the Explosives container 25 - adjacent to the disintegrant 5 - the granular Bulk material introduced 55, dimensionally stable with a packaging material 56, for example a plastic film wrapped.

The completion of the preparation is the sliding of the cooling head housing 23 on the supply housing 13 of the supply head 11 and the attachment of the fully assembled refrigerated container 1 on the lance 3. This happens by attaching or screwing on, with the ignition cable 52 (or not illustrated non-electrical hose connection for the transmission of a Ignition triggering shock waves) through the cavity of the lance 3 to the rear End of the lance 3 are guided and continue by connecting the coolant outflow nozzle 15 of the supply head 11 with the outside of the lance 3 arranged discharge line 31. The inventive explosive device is now ready for use. It can now be used at any time, including the from the Lance 3 or locking screw 33 led out ignition cable (ignition channel) 52 to connect to the ignition device and the Kühlmittelzu- and -abläufe are.

In Figures 1, 2 and 3, the path of the coolant 4 in the form of corresponding shown arrows. Starting from a coolant feed device, for example, a pump (the pump is not shown) If the coolant reaches the lance 3 via a coupling 32, it flows through it through and passes over the conical mouthpiece 34 of the lance and the Coolant inlet opening 12 in the supply head 11. From there is the Coolant 4 between the inner cooling jacket 27 and the explosives container 25th guided, it also flows around the granular bulk material 55. After his Exit from the inner cooling jacket 27, the coolant 4 at the rear End of the cooling head housing 23 deflected and now flows between the inner cooling jacket 27 and the cooling head housing 23 back to the supply head 11, which it leaves there through the coolant outlet 14 to the outside of the Supply head 11 arranged coolant outlet pipe 15, the flexible Coolant drain line 16 and the outside of the lance 3 arranged coolant drain line 31 to be discharged from the hot thermal plant.

By this steady flow of coolant that is located in the explosives container 25 Explosives 5 intensively and steadily cooled, so that a sufficient Fire protection of the explosive 5 against premature destruction by Flame or radiation heat is given.

After positioning the spray lance 3 and the cooling tank 1 and immediately before triggering the blasting is expediently the coolant flow stopped in order to avoid the disadvantages explained in the prior art. The still located in the cooling head 10 coolant 4 gasified due the high detonation speed.

The illustrated embodiment represents only one possible device Implementation of the method according to the invention. Depending on the type of thermal Plant that destroys materials and local conditions Extensive variations are possible, for example with regard to Dimensioning of cooling tank and lance, the execution of various Couplings and ignition cable bushings, type and quantity of explosives and granular bulk material, if the features of the main claim to be respected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Cooler

3

lance

4

coolant

5

explosives

10

cool head

11

supply head

12

Coolant inflow opening

13

housing supply

14

Coolant flow

15

Coolant drain connection

16

Coolant drain line

17

supply socket

18

Cooling head receiving tube

19

rear wall

20

connecting means

21

closure means

23

Cooling head housing

24

spacer webs

25

Blasting material container

26

spacer webs

27

Interior cooling jacket

28

End of explosives container

29

End of explosives container

31

Coolant drain line

32

clutch

33

Screw

34

Mouthpiece on lance

51

detonator

52

ignition cable

53

Insulating and insulating materials

54

Insulating and insulating materials

55

bulk

56

wrapper

57

effective direction

Claims (14)

Process for the local destruction of compact materials, for example slag deposits, masonry residues, etc. in hot thermal installations, such as heat exchangers, industrial furnaces, firing systems, metallurgical melting vessels, by means of a disintegrating means (5), which is located at the front end of a lance (3) in a coolant tank ( 1) and brought by holding and moving the rear end of the lance (1) through an opening of the hot thermal plant in the immediate vicinity of the material to be destroyed and ignited by an igniter at an arbitrary time, characterized in that the Coolant (4) flows into the cooling vessel (1) formed as a double tube with cooling head (10) and supply head (11) via the lance (3) into the supply head (11), through the inner tube or the inner cooling jacket (27) to the front End of the cooling head (10) is guided and thereby at the sprinkling The explosive container (25) containing the agent (5) flows past and then is conveyed back to the supply head (11) between the inner cooling jacket (27) and the cooling head housing (23) and out of the hot thermal system. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that during the ignition of the explosive means (5) by the resulting pressure wave, a granular bulk material (55), for example Strahlkies which between the inner cooling jacket (27) of the cooling head (10) and the explosives container (25) - the explosive (5) adjacent - is arranged, is shot against the material to be destroyed. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coolant (4) to the supply head (11) through the hollow interior of the lance (3) and the supply head (11) away by a outside of the lance (3) arranged coolant drain line ( 31). Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the explosive means (5) together with a primer (51) provided with ignition cable (51) in the front part of a tubular explosive container (25) which at both tube ends (28 , 29) contains an insulating and insulating means (53, 54) filled, then, after the free ends of the ignition cable (52) were led out of the explosives container (25), the explosives container (25) by simple means, such as adhesive tape, closed and inserted into the inner cooling jacket (27) of the cooling head (10). A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the ignition cables (52) from the explosives container (25) through the cavity of the lance (3) are passed through to an ignition device. A method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the length of the explosives container (25) is dimensioned such that between the explosive means (5) and the rear end of the cooling container (1), the supply head (11), a safety distance, preferably from at least 50 mm, so that the supply head (11) can also be used for several blasts. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that after the blasting agent container (25) is inserted into the cooling container (1), the granular bulk material (55) provided with a packaging casing (56), packet-shaped next to the disintegrating agent container (25) into the inner cooling jacket (27 ) of the cooling container (1) - the explosive means (5) adjacent - is inserted. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that after insertion of the bulk material package (55, 56) in the inner cooling jacket (27) of the cooling container (1) the cooling head housing (23) on the supply head (11) of the cooling container (1) is pushed and the Cooling container (1) closes with it. Method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that are used as ignition commercially available non-electric detonator with commercial hose connections for transmitting the shock waves triggering an ignition. Device for local destruction of compact materials, such as slag approaches, masonry residues etc. in hot thermal installations such as heat exchangers, industrial furnaces, firing systems, metallurgical melting vessels, by means of a disintegrating means (5), which at the front end of a lance (3) in a coolant through-flowed cooling tank (3). 1) is arranged and brought by holding and moving the rear end of the lance (3) through an opening of the hot thermal plant in the immediate vicinity of the material to be destroyed and ignited by an igniter at an arbitrary time, for performing the method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a) at the tip of a lance (3) arranged tubular cooling container (1), consisting of a supply head (11) and a cooling head (10) consisting of two on the supply head (11) plugged into one another arranged containers (23, 27) through which the coolant (4) is conveyed; b) a in the cooling jacket (27) of the cooling container (1) arranged sealed explosives container (25) containing the disintegrating means (5) and a primer (51) and an insulating and insulating means (53, 54), for example sand; c) a between the inner cooling jacket (27) of the cooling container (1) and the explosives container (25) adjacent to the disintegrating means (5), arranged granular bulk material (55) with a packaging wrapper (56). Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the supply head (11) of the cooling container (1) has a with the hollow interior of the lance (3) connected coolant inlet opening (12) and a coolant discharge nozzle (15) having an outside of the lance (3) arranged coolant drain line (31) is connected. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the lance (3) is connected at its rear end via a coupling (32) with a coolant inlet. Device according to one or more of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the cooling container (1) on the lance (3) can be plugged or screwed. Device according to one or more of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that as explosive container (25) and as a cooling container tubes (23, 27) inexpensive commercial goods, such as plastic coated cardboard tubes, tinplate tubes, tinplate cans or coolant-impermeable hoses, the ends closed or with simple Funds are lockable, can be used.

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