DE102016102336A1 - ROTATION BODY - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary body for processing and / or processing of products, having at least one operating region rotating in operation and a support region connected to the functional region, wherein the support region consists at least partially of a foam material. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a rotating body, which has at least one operating area rotating in operation and a carrying area connected to the functional area. The method comprises the following steps: providing a foaming mold comprising at least one receiving space, wherein the receiving space is at least partially bounded by at least one forming member which belongs to the later rotating body, and wherein the receiving space contains a foamable starting material, and foaming the im Receiving material located.

Description

The present invention relates to a rotary body for processing and / or processing of products, having at least one operating area rotating during operation and a supporting area connected to the functional area. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a rotating body, which has at least one operating area rotating in operation and a carrying area connected to the functional area.

For processing and processing of products used rotating body, such as cutting blades, cutting and grinding wheels are exposed to high loads during operation, since they are usually operated at very high speeds. The heavier the body of revolution, the greater the load. Also, the associated device, to which the rotary body is attached, may be exposed to high loads due to vibrations during operation or already due to a high weight of the rotary body, which increase with increasing weight of the rotary body. Due to the required size of the rotary body or because of the material to be used for the rotary body, however, a high weight has hitherto been unavoidable in many applications if sufficient stability or rigidity of the rotary body is to be ensured.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a rotational body with reduced weight and a method for its production, without affecting the functionality of the rotating body and its required stability or rigidity for the particular application.

This object is achieved by a rotary body having the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 20.

According to the invention, the support region consists at least partially of a foam material.

As a special feature, because of their very low density, foam materials offer considerable weight savings, while generally retaining the mechanical properties of the starting material. They are therefore particularly suitable for constructions of lightweight construction.

The use of foam materials in the construction of bodies of revolution leads to statically and dynamically extremely strong rotating bodies with comparatively low weight, high rigidity and very good dimensional stability. In particular, due to the favorable mass distribution, centrifugal forces and the risk of an occurrence of imbalances can be reduced. If an imbalance occurs, the lightweight design leads to comparatively small vibrations. This has a positive effect on the wear behavior of a corresponding device to which the rotary body is attached. In general, the weight saving of the rotary body according to the invention leads to a relief of the bearing of such a device, since they have to carry a lower rotating mass. The risk that the rotational body dissolves during use is also greatly reduced.

Preferably, the foam material comprises a ceramic foam or foamed ceramics and / or a plastic foam. In particular, the foam material is a ceramic and / or plastic foam.

According to a preferred embodiment, the foam material comprises a metal foam, in particular aluminum foam. The foam material is preferably a metal foam, in particular aluminum foam.

Preferably, there is a cohesive connection between the foam material and at least one component of the rotary body. If the foam material comprises a metal foam, this may in particular be a metallic bond.

Metal foams are metallic structures with a large volume fraction of gas-filled pores. Metal foams can be divided into porous and closed-cell metal foams. Closed-cell metal foams have pores separated by thin metal films and may be substantially similar in structure to cork. Open-pored metal foams consist of a three-dimensional network of interconnected open pores that can be traversed by fluids. Open-cell metal foams have a very large internal surface area and can be substantially similar in structure to bone tissue or natural sponges. Therefore, they can also be called metal sponges.

The metal foam of the rotary body according to the invention is preferably an open-pore metal foam, but this embodiment is not mandatory.

By the use of metal foam, which is in particular a porous material with a high rigidity and a low specific weight and that is a very good Energy absorption and damping capacity, can achieve a significant weight reduction.

According to a further embodiment, the metal foam is produced by a powder metallurgical process, preferably by a thermal treatment, in particular sintering, of a metallic starting material.

The powder metallurgical process may be, for example, the reaction of a metal powder with a powdered metal hydride. In this case, both powders are usually mixed together and compacted by sintering or extrusion to a starting material. The starting material is then heated to a temperature above the melting point of the metal powder, wherein the metal hydride releases gaseous hydrogen and foams the mixture.

Another possibility of metal foam production is to inject gas into a molten metal, which is previously made foamable by the addition of solid ingredients. The solid constituents may be, for example, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide or even calcium. For aluminum alloys to be foamed, for example, 10 to 12% by volume of silicon carbide or alumina is added. The solid components increase the viscosity of the melt and stabilize it.

A further, particularly preferred process for the production of metal foams used according to the invention is the slip reaction foam sintering process (SRSS process). In this process, the reaction of an acid, in particular phosphoric acid, with a metal powder, in particular iron, steel or nickel powder, formed in water and / or alcohol as a solvent hydrogen, which causes a foaming of the so-called slip. Other reaction products that are formed in this reaction, the foam structure of the slurry and cause a "freezing" of the foam structure. The result is first a precursor or green compact with closed-pore structure. This starting material is then made into a porous metal foam by a thermal treatment, in particular sintering, under a reducing atmosphere or in vacuo. The formation of the open-pored structure is based on the release of the solvent induced by the thermal treatment.

The rotary body according to the invention preferably comprises an iron, stainless steel and / or steel foam.

The starting material may be present as a powder, granules or in solid, in particular pre-pressed, block-like form. For example, the starting material may be in the form of a strand from which discs or pieces (pads) can be sawed or cut as needed. The cross-sectional shape of such a strand is basically arbitrary and can be adapted to the dimensions of the rotating body, in particular the dimensions of one or more receiving spaces to be filled with the metal foam.

To produce a plastic foam, a propellant is usually required. This can be added either in liquid form or as a powder to the unfoamed plastic. By converting the blowing agent into gas, a foam can be formed from the liquid or plastic-soft plastic. Propellants can basically become gaseous by physical means or by chemical reaction. For example, low-boiling liquids can be used as blowing agents which act in a physical way to foam-form. By thermal treatment of the blowing agent-plastic mixture, the blowing agent can evaporate and thereby foam the plastic. Chemical blowing agents are usually those agents which decompose in a certain temperature range and thereby release the gas necessary for foaming. For example, the chemical blowing agents include ammonium bicarbonate that can release CO ₂ upon heating.

Both the non-foamed plastic and a non-foamed ceramic material that can be converted into a ceramic foam by special processes, it is a starting material. With regard to the shape of the starting material, reference may be made to the above statements regarding the metallic starting material. In particular, the starting material may be present in the production of plastic and ceramic foams as granules.

The rotating body according to an embodiment is a cutting blade, a cutting wheel or a grinding wheel operated at more than 100 revolutions per minute.

The products to be processed or processed are, in particular, food products such as ham, sausage and cheese, which are sliced with a rotary body designed as a cutting blade. Furthermore, it may be products from the construction, metal, plastics and wood industries, such as bricks, tiles, boards, flooring, profiles, piping, fittings, etc.

The functional region of the rotary body is preferably its working region, ie the region which also causes the function of the rotary body, such as, for example, cutting, cutting, crushing, pressing, depositing and / or grinding. In particular, the functional area is a cutting area which may have a cutting edge pointing radially outward.

A functional area may also be an optionally provided holding area, which serves in particular for fastening the rotational body to a corresponding device, for example a rotary drive. It is therefore preferred that the rotary body has at least two functional areas, in particular a radially outer and a radially inner. The holding area may be part of the supporting area, but need not necessarily comprise the foam material itself.

The support region of the rotation body may be materially bonded, for example by welding, soldering or gluing, or also releasably connected to the functional area. Preferably, the cohesive connection is effected by welding. It is also conceivable that the support area is soldered to the functional area, screwed or riveted.

Preferably, a substantially flush transition is provided between the support region and the functional region, so that edges and projections are avoided. An otherwise possible deposition of dirt and contamination on such edges and projections is thus prevented.

According to a preferred embodiment, the rotary body is designed as a cutting blade with a cutting area forming the functional area. In particular, it is designed as a cutting knife, preferably as a circular, sickle, spiral or cutter knife, for a device for slicing, cutting and / or shredding food products, in particular for a high-performance slicer.

High-performance slicers serve to cut up food products such as ham, sausage or cheese with a high cutting rate, the slicing speed of the slicer and thus the speed of the slicing knife being e.g. between 100 and 1,200 slices per minute. For the implementation of so-called idle cuts, which are possible with many slicers, the cutting blade must be moved within a very short time periods over a certain, relatively short disengagement or engagement distance in the axial direction and is thus exposed to high accelerations. The lightweight construction according to the invention consequently makes it possible to carry out empty cuts.

According to a further embodiment, the rotational body is disc-shaped and rotates in operation about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to a disc plane of the rotational body. The rotation axis corresponds in particular to a main axis of inertia of the rotation body.

Preferably, a maximum radius of the rotary body is greater than about 150 mm and / or less than about 600 mm. The weight of the rotating body is preferably greater than about 2 kg and / or less than about 50 kg.

The lightweight construction effect to be achieved by the use of the foam material has a marked effect, in particular in the case of rotary bodies of large diameter, which have a correspondingly high weight in a conventional construction method. Compared to conventionally produced rotating bodies, e.g. serve as a cutting blade for high-performance slicer, can be achieved by the use of the foam material, for example, a weight saving of about 20% to 60%.

The reduced weight of the rotating body according to the invention facilitates in particular its handling during transport and storage. In particular, it is advantageous for the user that the replacement of a rotational body on a corresponding device is made considerably easier.

The rotary body is preferably designed for working speeds or rotational speeds of more than approximately 100 rpm, more preferably of more than approximately 600 rpm, in particular of more than approximately 1200 rpm. The reduced weight of the rotary body according to the invention compared to conventional rotational bodies has a particularly favorable effect on the wear behavior of the device at which the rotational body is fastened at such operating speeds. For example, the life of the bearings of a rotary drive is significantly extended by the lightweight construction of the rotating body.

According to a further embodiment, a functional area is formed by a radially outer cutting area. Preferably, the cutting area has a radially outwardly directed cutting edge. In this case, the support region comprises a central holding region as a further functional region for fastening the rotational body to a rotary drive and between the latter Cutting area and the holding area an at least partially made of the foam material intermediate area.

The rotary body can thus have a three-part structure and in particular consist of an outer cutting area, a middle intermediate area and an inner holding area. The holding region is preferably disk-shaped, pot-shaped or bowl-shaped and may be e.g. a central recess through which a drive shaft or a mounting pin for the rotary body may extend, and / or a plurality of openings for fastening, in particular by screwing, on a rotary drive. Furthermore, the holding region may have surfaces for non-positively fixing the rotational body to an associated receptacle.

The holding area can also serve for fastening the rotating body to a non-rotating part of a device. Such a device can be, for example, a knife guard, a transport device or a grinding or sharpening device. Preferably, however, the holding area serves primarily to fasten the rotating body to a receptacle, in particular a hub, of a rotary drive.

According to a preferred embodiment, the foam material with at least one outer cover element forms a composite component.

The cover element may in particular be an upper or lower or front or rear half-shell of the rotary body, in particular a cutting blade.

The composite component can be characterized by an intimate, material-locking connection between the cover element and the foam material, which arises during the foaming of the starting material. During the foaming, the at least one cover element is preferably part of a foaming mold which comprises at least one receiving space into which the starting material is introduced before foaming.

In order to improve the connection between the cover element and the foam material, it can be advantageous if the surface of the cover element to be connected to the foam material is chemically and / or mechanically pretreated. The mechanical pretreatment may in particular be a roughening of the surface, for example by means of sandblasting. For example, grooves and / or grooves can be introduced into the surface in order to increase the contact area between the foam material and the cover element. The chemical pretreatment may in particular be a wet-chemical roughening of the surface by means of acids. Furthermore, it may be a metallurgical treatment of the surface of the cover element to be joined to the foam material, in which the surface is coated with an additional metal layer, for example zinc.

Optionally, the holding area and / or the cutting area may also have such a surface treatment.

The composite component preferably has a sandwich structure comprising an upper or front cover element, the foam material and a lower or rear cover element, wherein the cover elements are the half shells of at least one part of a rotation body, in particular one between an outer cutting area and one Central intermediate region located intermediate region of the rotational body forming cutting blade can act.

According to a further embodiment, the support region comprises at least two outer cover elements, between which the foam material is arranged.

Preferably, the support portion at least partially has a sandwich structure, as e.g. is described above, wherein an intimate, cohesive connection between the foam material and the cover elements may be provided, but need not necessarily be provided.

According to a further embodiment, the two outer cover elements belong to an intermediate region, which is located between a radially outer cutting region and a central holding region.

Preferably, the cover elements are connected radially outside with the cutting area and radially inside with the holding area.

On the holding area and / or the cutting area optionally adjacent end faces of the intermediate region may be formed open or closed. Under "open" is to be understood that the end face is formed substantially from a surface of the foam material. By "closed" is to be understood that the two outer cover elements, between which the foam material is arranged, form the end faces of the intermediate region. For this purpose, the two outer cover elements, for example, be pressed together touching each other. Furthermore, a cover element or even both cover elements can be bent over an edge of the intermediate region.

At least one of the cover elements may be at least partially plate-shaped. It is preferred if both cover elements have plate-shaped sections which run in particular parallel to one another.

The intermediate region is particularly preferably a sandwich construction consisting of two at least partially at least substantially parallel, at least substantially flat outer cover elements and the foam material arranged between them.

Furthermore, at least one cover element may have one or more non-plate-shaped sections. For example, these may be sections that are curved outward or in the direction of the foam material. Optionally, an entire outer side of the intermediate region or the entire intermediate region may also be arched. It is also conceivable that the two outer cover elements have non-plate-shaped sections that are complementary to each other, so that in particular the distance between the two outer cover elements remains substantially the same. Preferably, the intermediate area on a bowl.

A non-plate-like shape of a cover element can be realized by appropriate prefabrication or during foaming. In the latter case, the fact can be exploited that it can come to a volume expansion during foaming of the starting material or an increase in pressure in the corresponding foam mold. This increase in pressure or this increase in volume can be exploited for a controlled deformation of at least one cover element. For this purpose, for example, during foaming, the intermediate region can be stretched into a molding component which permits expansion only in a certain direction.

The cover elements are preferably separate prefabricated parts which, in particular in the production of the rotary body, are connected to the cutting area and / or holding area, preferably by welding.

Preferably, the cover elements, in particular when it comes to separately prefabricated parts to sheets, for example, for use in the food industry made of stainless steel.

It is also possible that at least one of the cover elements is formed integrally with the cutting and / or holding area. For example, one of the two cover elements may be integrally formed with the cutting area and the other cover element with the holding area, the prefabrication then preferably each consisting of a single workpiece, e.g. from a relatively thick sheet, takes place.

According to a further embodiment, according to the construction principle described above, at least one outer cover element is formed by the functional area.

As described above, at least one of the outer cover elements may be formed by the functional region, in particular holding region and / or cutting region.

According to a further embodiment, the cover elements may be supported against each other, in particular by one or more support elements.

The support elements can be projections, for example in the form of webs, ribs and / or hooks, which are attached to at least one of the cover elements. In this case, these projections can be fixed to the cover element, e.g. screwed, riveted, glued and / or welded. Furthermore, such protrusions can be formed on at least one cover element during its prefabrication.

In addition, the support elements may be deformations, in particular impressions, of at least one cover element. The deformations may be punctiform, strip-shaped, concentric, for example in the manner of a wave profile, and / or in the form of segments or surfaces. For example, an embossing may have the shape of a circle, a triangle, a circle segment, an arc segment and / or quadrilateral, in particular a rectangle, a square, a trapezoid or a rhombus.

The stabilizing effect of the support elements may be based, on the one hand, on the fact that the projections and / or deformations of a cover element each extend to the other cover element. Furthermore, the support elements can be arranged opposite one another on both cover elements, so that the support elements touch one another. In particular, it may also be a combination of both variants.

Preferably, the support elements are parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary body and in particular have a uniform distribution or symmetrical arrangement. For example, a plurality of support elements may be arranged concentrically and / or in the form of radial beams.

It may also be provided that at least one cover element comprises an embossment which is designed to accommodate at least one microchip, in particular an RFID chip. For example, an identifier, maintenance intervals and / or operating times can be stored on such a microchip.

Furthermore, at least one cover element may comprise at least one embossment which is provided with a thread and serves in particular for fixing an external device, for example a knife guard or a handling device.

The support elements are preferably completely surrounded by the foam material and form with this preferably a composite material.

According to a further embodiment, the foam material fills at least one receiving space, which is bounded at least by an outer cover element and an inner delimiting element.

Preferably, the receiving space is one or more open pockets, which are formed in particular by the arrangement of one or more limiting elements on an inner side of at least one cover element.

The inner boundary elements can be struts, webs, ribs and / or walls, which can be attached, for example, on an inner side of the cover element, in particular by screwing, gluing, welding and / or riveting. In addition, the limiting elements can be provided with openings, which can preferably be penetrated by the foam material.

The boundary elements can also be formed in the framework of a prefabrication of the cover member of this. It is also conceivable that the limiting elements are impressions of the cover element. With regard to the shape of the impressions can be made to the above statements on the support elements.

By appropriate arrangements of such limiting elements can be in size and shape almost any, at least partially separated or in particular completely separate receiving spaces produce, each receiving space can accommodate foamable starting material. The starting material is preferably adapted in its shape to the geometry of the receiving space. By way of example, these may be pads of the starting material, each of which corresponds in shape or at least similar to that of the receiving space in which they are introduced.

Furthermore, the starting material can be adapted in terms of its amount to the size of the respective receiving space, in particular such that the resulting from the starting material foam material at least substantially completely fills the receiving space and both underfilling and overfilling with the foam material is avoided.

The receiving space may also be a closed chamber, which is formed in particular during the production process of the rotary body by providing a corresponding foaming mold.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that at least one cover element projects into the receiving space.

For this purpose, the cover element preferably comprises at least one structural element, for example one or more projections, in particular in the form of webs, ribs and / or hooks, which are connected to the cover element. Alternatively or additionally, the cover element may further comprise deformations, for example impressions. With regard to the configuration of the structural elements and the deformations, reference may be made to the above statements on the support elements.

The at least one structural element is preferably surrounded by the foam material.

The protrusion of a cover element in the receiving space into an enlargement of the interface between the foam material and the cover element and can thus lead to a particularly strong connection, in particular a particularly strong composite.

Advantageous embodiments of the rotary body may comprise a combination of support elements and structural elements. At least one support element can simultaneously be a structural element, and vice versa.

According to a further embodiment, a strength member is provided, which is at least partially surrounded by the foam material.

The reinforcement is preferably in the manner of an insert, in particular reinforcement or reinforcement, formed and preferably at least partially disposed in a space filled by the foam material receiving space.

By way of example, the strength carrier may be a structured sheet metal and / or a flat two- or three-dimensional grid. Preferably, the strength member is arranged loosely between the cover elements or on a cover element prior to foaming of the starting material. The strength member may also be firmly connected to at least one cover element.

At least one strength element can simultaneously be a structural element and / or support element, and vice versa.

According to a further embodiment, the functional region of the rotary body is provided with at least one connecting element which extends into the foam material or through the foam material.

By way of example, the connecting element may be a projection which protrudes radially outwards from a central holding region or radially inward from an outer cutting region. The connecting element may extend in this way into at least one receiving space and is preferably surrounded by the foam material.

The connecting elements, in particular projections, may be formed, for example, as ring segments, pins, hooks and / or webs. It may also be hollow bodies such as e.g. Trade tubes.

The connecting elements are preferably arranged on a radially outer end side of the holding region and / or on a radially inner end side of the cutting region, preferably symmetrically. With regard to the connection between the connecting element and the functional area, reference may be made to the above statements.

The connecting elements can improve the connection between the functional and supporting area and bring about an optimization of the rotational body with regard to its rigidity and its deformation behavior.

Furthermore, the connecting elements, in particular projections, exert a support function for the cover elements of the rotation body, in particular when their height corresponds approximately to the distance between the outer cover elements.

It is also possible that the connecting elements perform the function of an inner limiting element and are involved in this way in the formation of the receiving space.

In general, a connection element can simultaneously be a structural element, support element and / or strength element, and vice versa.

According to a further embodiment, the functional area of the rotary body is connected in a form-fitting manner to the foam material.

The positive connection can be realized in particular by the above-described connecting elements which are arranged on the functional areas.

Furthermore, the functional area can have at least one pocket. In particular, the pocket can be designed as a pocket concentrically surrounding the functional area. It can also be subdivided by limiting elements into several pockets. The pocket of a central holding region is preferably radially outward and the pocket of an outer cutting region is preferably open radially inward. The pocket may represent a partial boundary of a receiving space and is preferably at least partially, preferably completely, filled by the foam material.

• – Bereitstellen einer Schäumform, die wenigstens einen Aufnahmeraum umfasst, wobei der Aufnahmeraum zumindest teilweise von wenigstens einem Formbauteil begrenzt wird, das zu dem späteren Rotationskörper gehört, und wobei der Aufnahmeraum ein schäumbares Vormaterial enthält,
• – Aufschäumen des im Aufnahmeraum befindlichen Vormaterials, insbesondere durch eine thermische Behandlung, beispielsweise Sintern, und/oder chemische Behandlung.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a rotational body, in particular a rotational body described above, which has at least one functional area rotating during operation and a bearing area connected to the functional area. The method comprises the following steps:

• Providing a foaming mold comprising at least one receiving space, wherein the receiving space is at least partially bounded by at least one molding component belonging to the later rotary body, and wherein the receiving space contains a foamable starting material,
• Foaming of the primary material located in the receiving space, in particular by a thermal treatment, for example sintering, and / or chemical treatment.

The molding component is preferably a cover element, an outer cutting area, a central holding area or a combination of at least two of these components.

The receiving space or the foaming mold can thus be filled with the starting material, covered and then, in particular by thermal treatment, foamed.

If necessary, subsequent processing of the rotation body can follow the last method step. For example, the Be rotational body by bending processes and / or forming processes with a profiling, cupping and / or curvature provided. The post-processing may in particular also relate only to the functional area of the rotational body. For example, it can be a machining of the cutting area, in particular the forming and / or sharpening of a cutting edge. Furthermore, the post-processing can be a straightening or balancing of the rotational body.

Furthermore, the provision of the foam mold may also include a metallurgical treatment of the rotary body or a part thereof. For example, the rotary body can be coated with an additional metal layer, in particular zinc. In particular, for curing may be further followed by a further thermal treatment, in particular sintering.

Furthermore, the provision of the foaming mold can be followed by covering or closing the receiving space as a further method step. This step may be provided, in particular, if the foaming mold is not completely bounded by molded components which belong to the later rotary body.

According to a preferred embodiment, the foaming of the starting material takes place when the receiving space is closed.

The covering or closing of the receiving space is preferably carried out with a tool or a holder. The mold or parts of the foam mold are preferably clamped in the tool or the holder and preferably completely surrounded by the tool or the holder. In particular, the tool or the holder may have a shape that corresponds to the contours of the mold or of the finished body of revolution. In particular, the tool or the holder may be part of the receiving space of the foam mold. In this case, the tool or the holder can serve as a placeholder for a molded component, which is added only after foaming.

Preferably, the at least one molding component is biased such that its shape does not change during the foaming. The shape of the tool or the holder is adapted to the contours of the mold component or adapts to the contours of the foaming. As a result, the pressure generated during foaming can be compensated. In particular, an at least approximately uniform distribution of the resulting foaming pressure can be achieved.

It can also be provided that the pressure arising during foaming is utilized, at least locally, for a controlled deformation or deformation of the molded component. For this purpose, the mold component, preferably by means of the tool or the holder, a shape design can be specified, in which the mold member can expand.

Accordingly, it can be provided according to a further embodiment, that the mold component is prefabricated and / or biased in the foaming mold such that the shape of the mold component is changed during the foaming.

The closed receiving space may comprise at least one relief or degassing opening. In particular, a solvent released as a result of foaming and displaced air can escape through this opening. Preferably, the discharge or degassing has a very small compared to the volume of the receiving space cross-section.

From the discharge or degassing exiting foam material can also be used as an indicator that the receiving space is completely filled with foam material. Preferably, the exiting foam material should cool as directly as possible at the relatively small discharge or degassing opening, solidify and close the discharge or degassing opening.

With particular advantage, the amount and shape of the starting material used and / or the intensity of the thermal treatment can be adjusted such that the receiving space is filled to a desired proportion, in particular 100%, by the foam material, in particular without changing its shape. Optionally, a targeted underfilling of the receiving space may be provided. Likewise, it is possible to provide overfilling of the receiving space, in particular as described above, to utilize the foaming pressure for forming the molded component.

According to a further embodiment, the starting material is divided into a plurality of separated receiving spaces of the foaming mold, wherein preferably the starting material in each case corresponds in its shape to the shape of the respective receiving space. The starting material can be metered into the receiving spaces, in particular in the form of pads, pellets, granules or introduced in another way.

In order to facilitate degassing during foaming, the receiving spaces can communicate with each other in terms of flow stand, so that at least one gas permeability or an overflow of gases is given.

According to a further embodiment, the receiving space is limited exclusively by forming components belonging to the later rotational body.

According to a further embodiment, the foam mold is composed of a plurality of mold components, which in particular all belong to the later rotary body.

Preferably, the mold components are connected to each other before foaming, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing and / or riveting. Particularly preferably, the connection of the mold components by welding takes place.

If the connection of the mold components under the action of heat, the intended connection points are preferably formed in a predetermined safety distance to the starting material.

Such a safety distance may be indicated in order to prevent any premature foaming of the starting material induced by the heat effect of the bonding process. The size of the safety margin depends in particular on the type of connection and the connection method.

According to a further embodiment, a molding component comprises an at least substantially plate-shaped portion, wherein at least one further molding component has a non-plate-like shape.

The further molded component preferably forms the functional area of the rotary body, in particular an outer cutting area and / or a central holding area. The non-plate-like shape of the further molded component is preferably obtained by prefabrication.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a cutting blade is produced as a rotational body, wherein at least one molding component forms a radially outer cutting region and at least one molding component forms a central retaining region of the bearing region.

The cutting area and / or the holding area can each be formed by separate mold components. Alternatively, both the cutting region and the holding region can each be formed by a single mold component, which can also form one of the outer cover elements of the intermediate region.

According to a further embodiment, at least one molding component forms an outer cover element of an intermediate region, which is arranged between the cutting region and the retaining region.

The cover member may have a non-plate shape obtained by prefabrication. In particular, cover elements disposed opposite one another can have a non-plate-shaped shape which is complementary to one another.

Possible developments of the invention are also specified in the dependent claims, the drawings and the description.

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 shows a perspective top view of a rotary body according to the invention.

2 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the rotating body 1 ,

3 shows a cross-sectional view of the rotating body 1 ,

4 shows an enlarged section of the 3 ,

5 shows a perspective cross-section of a cutting area forming functional area of the embodiment according to 1 ,

6 shows a perspective top view of another embodiment of a cutting area forming functional area.

7 shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of a holding area forming functional area of the embodiment according to 1 ,

8th shows a plan view of another embodiment of a holding area forming functional area.

9 shows a plan view of another embodiment of a holding area forming functional area.

10 shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of cover elements of the embodiment according to 1 ,

11 shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of one with metal foam filled receiving space of the embodiment according to 1 ,

12A shows a cross-sectional view of a rotating body according to the invention prior to its assembly.

12B shows a cross-sectional view of the assembled rotating body according to 12A ,

13 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rotating body according to the invention prior to foaming.

14 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rotating body according to the invention prior to foaming.

15A - 15G each show purely schematically a cross-sectional view of a possible embodiment of a foam mold.

16A shows a perspective top view of a wire representation of another embodiment of a rotary body according to the invention.

16B shows a perspective top view of the rotating body 16A with removed cover element.

16C shows a perspective bottom view of the rotating body 16A with removed cover element.

1 shows a rotation body according to the invention 10 with an outer functional area 12 and a support area 14 as a holding area 20 trained further inner functional area 12 includes. The rotation body 10 is designed as a cutting blade, in particular for a high-performance slicer, and as a circular blade. In the outer functional area 12 it is a cutting area 18 , which is a radially outwardly facing cutting edge 19 having. The holding area 20 is cup-shaped and has a circular central recess 21 on, which serves to attach the cutting blade to a cutting device. Between the holding area 20 and the cutting area 18 is an annular intermediate area 22 arranged, which has a plate-shaped section 42 and a beveled section 44 includes. The beveled section 44 and the plate-shaped portion 42 be from a first outer cover element 26 educated. The cutting area 18 , the intermediate area 22 and the holding area 20 are at junctions 40 connected with each other. At the connection points 40 are welds.

2 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the above-described cutting blade, it can be seen that the intermediate region 22 a recording room 32 comprising, extending between the first outer cover element 26 and a second outer cover member 28 located. The recording room 32 is from a metal foam 16 completed. In the radially outer direction of the receiving space 32 through an approach 48 of the cutting area 18 limited. The contour of the neck 48 is on a radially outer face 23a of the intermediate area 22 tuned so that the cutting area 18 with the intermediate area 22 flush and as seamless as possible through the joints 40 connected is. A hygienically unfavorable accumulation of product residues can thus be prevented.

The radially inner side of the receiving space 32 is through a front page 50 of the holding area 20 limited. The front side 50 is at a radially inner end face 23b of the intermediate area 22 adapted so that both elements at the joints 40 are flush with each other.

As in the detailed representations according to the 4 and 7 can be seen, includes the front side 50 two more around the holding area 20 concentric circumferential ribs 52 , each one a stop surface 53 for the outer cover elements 26 . 28 form. A joining of the intermediate area 22 with the holding area 20 is facilitated because, for example, for welding is the connection point 40 on a respective outer side of the outer cover elements 26 . 28 easily accessible.

11 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the receiving space 32 that of the metal foam 16 is completely filled out. In other words shows 11 isolates the foam filling, ie one from the metal foam 16 formed body with end faces 23a . 23b , As already explained, the recording room 32 on the one hand limited by the outer cover elements 26 . 28 in the 10 are shown isolated. On the other hand, the recording room 32 limited by the cutting area 18 isolated in the 5 is shown, as well as by the holding area 20 isolated in the 7 is shown.

3 shows a cross-sectional view of the in 1 illustrated cutting blade. It can be seen that the radially outwardly facing cutting edge 19 Defines a cutting plane E, which is perpendicular to a rotation axis R of the circular blade 10 extends. The axis of rotation R runs centrally through the recess 21 of the holding area 20 , A radius D of the rotating body 10 extending from the length of a connecting line between the axis of rotation R and a point on the radially outward outside pointing cutting edge 19 results, for example, is about 25 cm.

6 shows a plan view of another embodiment of the cutting area 18 , This has six symmetrically arranged and radially inwardly extending connecting elements 34 on. The connecting elements 34 each have the shape of a ring segment and extend in the finished state of the rotating body 10 from a front side 51 of the cutting area in the metal foam 16 in and are surrounded by this. This increases the stability of the connection between the cutting area 18 and the intermediate area 22 ,

8th shows a plan view of an embodiment of the holding portion 20 who is at his forehead 50 six symmetrically arranged and extending radially outwardly, tab-like connecting elements 34 having. The connecting elements 34 each have the shape of a ring segment. In the finished state of the rotary body 10 extend the fasteners 34 in the metal foam 16 in and are surrounded by this. In this way, a particularly stable connection between the holding area 20 and the intermediate area 22 achieved.

9 shows a plan view of another embodiment of the holding portion 20 who is at his forehead 50 six symmetrically arranged rod-shaped connecting elements 34 having. The connecting elements 34 extend in the finished state of the rotating body 10 comparatively far into the metal foam 16 in and are surrounded by this.

The in the 6 and 9 illustrated fasteners 34 are with the respective functional area 12 for example, by welding or threaded. The connecting elements 34 according to 8th are for example integral with the holding area 20 trained and were eg by milling the entire holding area 20 receive.

Both the holding area 20 as well as the cutting area 18 are made of steel or stainless steel, being used for the fasteners 34 also other materials can be used.

12 shows greatly simplified the joining of a rotating body 10 , According to 12A be first a cutting area 18 and a holding area 20 and a composite component 30 which is the intermediate area 22 forms, provided. The composite component 30 consists of a first outer cover element 26 and a second outer cover member 28 , which are each stainless steel sheets. The between the two outer cover elements 26 . 28 located recording room 32 is complete with metal foam 16 filled.

The composite component 30 is made by one of the outer cover elements 26 . 28 limited foam shape 36 (see. 15 ) with a foamable metallic starting material 24 (see. 13 and 14 ) and then subjected to a thermal treatment. The starting material 24 gets into the metal foam 16 transferred, and it results in an intimate, cohesive connection between the outer cover elements 26 . 28 and the metal foam 16 , In particular, this can be the intermediate area 22 forming composite part 30 also be cut or punched out of a large composite panel as needed.

The to the metal foam 16 adjacent inner surfaces of the outer cover elements 26 . 28 are also before the introduction of the starting material 24 subjected to a wet-chemical etching process for roughening and thus enlarging the surface. As a result, the cohesive connection resulting after foaming is improved.

The cutting area 18 and the holding area 20 are produced separately in a prefabrication process.

According to 12B the connection of the composite part takes place 30 with the cutting area 18 and the holding area 20 by welding at the joints 40 , Because the metal foam 16 is already cured, is caused by the welding local heat development at the connection points 40 critical.

13 shows a rotation body according to the invention before foaming. Unlike the in 12B shown rotating body 10 is the recording room 32 with foamable metallic starting material 24 at least partially filled. The border area 27 of the first outer cover element 26 is also bent so that it is the edge area 29 the second outer cover member 28 touched and the recording room 32 closes. Through the touching edge areas 27 . 29 the outer cover elements 26 . 28 arises between the joints 40 and the recording room 32 a spatial distance A. This distance A represents a safety distance to premature foaming of the starting material 24 by the heat during the welding at the joints 40 to avoid. The at the connection points 40 extending weld is thus opposite the receiving space 32 offset radially outwards.

For foaming the in 13 represented precursor of a rotating body 10 it can be provided that at least one of the outer cover elements 26 . 28 a small vent (not shown) to the resulting during the foaming gas pressure inside the receiving space 32 compensate.

14 shows a further embodiment of a rotary body according to the invention 10 before foaming the starting material 24 , Unlike the embodiment according to 13 has the first outer cover element 26 both an outer plate-shaped portion 42 as well as a radially inner curved portion 46 on. Complementary to this, the second outer cover element 28 also both a plate-shaped section 42 as well as a vaulted section 46 on. The opposite plate-shaped sections are parallel to each other. Apart from the area where the border areas 27 . 29 the outer cover elements 26 . 28 converging, is the distance between the outer cover elements 26 . 28 essentially the same.

To prevent the shape of the intermediate area 22 during foaming by the inside of the receiving space 32 evolving gas pressure is provided, at least the intermediate area 22 in a schematically indicated by dashed lines holder 54 clamp. The holder 54 includes two half pieces 56 , which may also be referred to as dies or adapters and one of which is the contour of the first outer cover member 26 and one of the contour of the second outer cover member 28 is adjusted. The holder 54 prevents bulging or buckling of the outer cover elements in this way 26 . 28 ,

15 shows schematically different foaming molds 36 , each one a recording room 32 include. The foaming molds 36 are each made of molded parts 38 limited to the produced body of revolution 10 belong. The mold components 38 can be designed differently and optionally several areas of the rotating body to be produced 10 include.

The 15A to 15E and 15G each show a foaming mold 36 with a recording room 32 which exclusively from to the later rotary body 10 belonging mold components 38 is limited. On the other hand shows 15F a foaming mold 36 in which one side of the recording room 32 is open or limited during the foaming process by a holder (not shown here).

15A shows a foaming mold 36 made by two mold components 38 is limited. This forms a mold component 38 the first outer cover element 26 and the holding area 20 while the other molded part 38 the second outer cover element 28 and the cutting area 18 forms.

15B shows a foaming mold 36 made up of three mold components 38 is formed. One of the mold components 38 forms both the first outer cover element 26 as well as the holding area 20 , For the other molded parts 38 On the one hand, this is the cutting area 18 and on the other to the second outer cover element 28 ,

15C shows a foaming mold consisting of three mold components 38 is formed. This forms a mold component 38 the second outer cover element 28 as well as the holding area 20 , For the other molded parts 38 On the one hand, this is the cutting area 18 and on the other to the first outer cover element 26 ,

15D shows a foaming mold consisting of four mold components 38 is formed. For the mold components 38 these are the outer cover elements 26 . 28 , the cutting area 18 as well as the holding area 20 ,

The 15E shows a foaming mold 36 made up of three mold components 38 is formed, wherein a molded component 38 the second outer cover element 28 as well as the cutting area 18 forms. For the other molded parts 38 on the one hand it is the holding area 20 and on the other to the first outer cover element 26 ,

15F shows a foaming mold 36 made of two molded parts 38 is formed and on the side of the other foam molds described above 36 the second outer cover element 28 is arranged, is open. One of the mold components 38 forms the first outer cover element 26 and the cutting area 18 , The other mold component 38 forms the holding area 20 , During the foaming process, the open side may be closed by a holder (not shown) not belonging to the later rotation body. This formed after removal of the holder after the foaming of the metal foam side can remain so or subsequently closed, for example, by a cover member or sealed by suitable means.

15G shows the foaming mold 36 according to the 15E with the difference being a strength carrier 58 in the form of a three-dimensional grid in the recording room 32 is arranged.

For the production of the rotational body 10 by means of the foam molds according to 15A to 15E and 15G will be the first accommodation space 32 with the desired amount of starting material 24 filled. Subsequently, the recording room 32 by welding the mold components 38 closed, for example, one of the outer cover elements 26 . 28 is provided with a small pressure equalization or degassing port (not shown). The foaming of the starting material 24 done by thermal treatment. The resulting precursors of the rotating body are in a holder 54 (see. 14 ) clamped to a deformation of the mold components 38 during foaming.

The production of the rotation body 10 by means of the foaming mold 36 according to the 15F is essentially analog. As already mentioned, the closure of the open on one side foam mold 36 by clamping in a holder. In this case, the holder as a placeholder for the still missing second outer cover element 28 serve. The rotational body obtained in this way 10 then has an area through the metal foam 16 is formed. If necessary, this surface can be closed or sealed afterwards. A pressure equalization opening in a form part belonging to the later rotation body 38 can be omitted.

The 16A to 16C show a further embodiment of a rotary body according to the invention 10 , which is designed as a cutting blade. Unlike the embodiment according to 1 has the rotation body 10 eight from each other by fasteners 34 separated recording rooms 32 on. The representation of a foam material has been omitted. The connecting elements 34 thus also exercise the function of a limiting element.

In the 16B and 16C in which the first outer cover element 26 ( 16B ) or the second outer cover element 28 ( 16C ) is not shown, it is easy to see that the fasteners 34 from the front side 50 of the holding area 20 right up to the front 51 of the cutting area 18 extend and both functional areas 12 connect with each other. The connecting elements 34 are with the cutting area 18 integrally formed and with the front side 50 of the holding area 20 welded or vice versa. An entirely one-piece design of cutting area 18 , Fasteners 34 and holding area 20 , realizable eg by punching, is also conceivable.

In the production of the rotational body 10 becomes the second outer cover element 28 with the over the fasteners 34 connected functional areas 12 welded. In this case, form the connecting elements 34 together with an inside of the second outer cover member 28 and the front ends 50 . 51 housing spaces 32 in the form of circular segment-like pockets 33 , In these bags 33 becomes metallic starting material 24 (not shown) as the shape of the bags 33 adjusted pads dosed. Subsequently, the first outer cover element 26 at the connection points 40 with the functional areas 12 welded and the receiving space 32 or the bags 33 locked. The dosage is carried out in such a way that after the subsequent thermal treatment, the eight receiving spaces 32 completely with metal foam 16 are filled. For pressure equalization, the outer cover elements 26 . 28 be provided with at least one pressure compensation opening (not shown).

In principle, a wide variety of types of rotary bodies can be produced by the method according to the invention. To name a few, in addition to cutting knives, in particular cutting discs and grinding wheels. With particular advantage, the field of application of the rotating body according to the invention can be 10 by the configuration of the radially outer functional area 12 determine. For a prefabricated intermediate area 22 can thus be based on a modular principle through the choice of different functional areas 12 various rotational bodies 10 to be obtained. In addition to a cutting area 18 it may be the radially outer functional area 12 in particular to act a grinding area or separation area. Also the holding area 20 can in this way the respective device to which the rotating body 10 to be fixed, to be adjusted.

The rotation body 10 does not have to have rotational symmetry, as it is at least substantially given, for example, in a circular knife for a slicer. A rotary body according to the invention may, for example, also be a sickle or spiral knife for a slicer.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 body of revolution

12

 functional area

14

 support area

16

 metal foam

18

 cutting area

19

 cutting edge

20

 holding area

21

 recess

22

 intermediate area

23a

 outer face

23b

 inner front side

24

 Raw material

26

 cover element

27

 border area

28

 cover element

29

 border area

30

 composite component

32

 accommodation space

33

 bag

34

 connecting element

36

 foaming

38

 mold component

40

 joints

42

 plate-shaped section

44

 bevelled section

46

 arched section

48

 approach

50

 front

51

 front

52

 rib

53

 stop surface

54

 bracket

56

 half part

58

 strengthening support

R

 axis of rotation

e

 cutting plane

D

 radius

A

 distance

Claims (33)

Rotational body ( 10 ) for processing and / or processing products, having at least one operating area rotating in operation ( 12 ) and a carrying area connected to the functional area ( 14 ), the support area ( 14 ) at least partially made of a foam material ( 16 ) consists. Rotary body according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam material ( 16 ) comprises a metal foam. Rotary body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the foam material ( 16 ) and at least one component of the rotary body ( 10 ) there is a cohesive connection. Rotary body according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the metal foam ( 16 ) is produced by a powder metallurgical process, in particular by thermal treatment of a metallic starting material ( 24 ). A rotational body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational body ( 10 ) as a cutting blade with a functional area ( 12 ) forming cutting area ( 18 ), in particular as a cutting blade, preferably as a circular, sickle, spiral or cutter knife, for a device for slicing food products, in particular for a high-performance slicer. A rotational body according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational body ( 10 ) is disc-shaped and rotates in operation about a rotation axis (R) perpendicular to a disc plane of the body of revolution ( 10 ) runs. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum radius of the rotational body ( 10 ) is greater than about 150 mm and / or less than about 600 mm. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational body ( 10 ) for working speeds greater than about 100 rpm, preferably greater than about 600 rpm, more preferably greater than about 1200 rpm. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a functional area ( 12 ) from a radially outer cutting area ( 18 ) is formed, and that the support area ( 14 ) a central holding area ( 20 ) as another functional area ( 12 ) for fixing the rotating body ( 10 ) on a rotary drive and between the cutting area ( 18 ) and the holding area ( 20 ) one at least partially made of a foam material ( 16 ) existing intermediate area ( 22 ). Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam material ( 16 ) with at least one outer cover element ( 26 . 28 ) a composite component ( 30 ). Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support area ( 14 ) at least two outer cover elements ( 26 . 28 ) between which the foam material ( 16 ) is arranged. Rotary body according to claim 11, characterized in that the two outer cover elements ( 26 . 28 ) to an intermediate area ( 22 ), which between a radially outer cutting area ( 18 ) and a central holding area ( 20 ) is located. Rotary body according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that at least one outer cover element ( 26 . 28 ) of the functional area ( 12 ) is formed. Rotary body according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the cover elements ( 26 . 28 ) are supported and / or fixed to each other. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam material ( 16 ) at least one recording room ( 32 ), which is at least one outer cover element ( 26 . 28 ) and an inner limiting element is limited. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cover element ( 26 . 28 ) into one of the foam material ( 16 ) filled reception room ( 32 ) protrudes into it. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a strength carrier ( 58 ) provided at least partially by the foam material ( 16 ) is surrounded. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional area ( 12 ) of the rotating body ( 10 ) with at least one connecting element ( 34 ), which is in the foam material ( 16 ) or through the foam material ( 16 ) extends therethrough. Rotary body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional area ( 12 ) of the rotating body ( 10 ) with the foam material ( 16 ) is positively connected. Method for producing a rotary body, in particular a rotary body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which has at least one operating area which rotates during operation ( 12 ) and one with the functional area ( 12 ) connected support area ( 14 ), comprising the steps: - providing a foaming mold ( 36 ), which has at least one receiving space ( 32 ), wherein the receiving space ( 32 ) at least partially of at least one molded component ( 38 ) bounded to the later rotation body ( 10 ), and where the recording room ( 32 ) a foamable starting material ( 24 ), - foaming in the receiving room ( 32 ) ( 24 ). A method according to claim 20, characterized in that the foaming in a closed receiving space ( 32 ) he follows. A method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the starting material ( 24 ) to a plurality of separated receiving spaces ( 32 ) the foaming mold ( 36 ) is divided. Method according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the receiving space ( 32 ) exclusively from to the later rotation body ( 10 ) forming components ( 38 ) is limited. Method according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the foaming mold ( 36 ) of several molded components ( 38 ) is composed. A method according to claim 24, characterized in that all mold components ( 38 ) to the later rotation body ( 10 ) belong. Method according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the molded components ( 38 ) are connected together before foaming. Method according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that the molded components ( 38 ) are connected to one another under the action of heat, wherein the connection points ( 40 ) at a predetermined safety distance from the starting material ( 24 ) are formed. Method according to one of claims 20 to 27, characterized in that at least one molded component ( 38 ) has an at least substantially plate-shaped section ( 42 ), and that at least one further molded component ( 38 ) has a non-plate-like shape. Method according to one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that as a rotational body ( 10 ) a cutting blade is produced, wherein at least one molded component ( 38 ) a radially outer cutting area ( 18 ) and at least one molded component ( 38 ) a central holding area ( 20 ) of the support area ( 14 ). Method according to one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that at least one molded component ( 38 ) an outer cover element ( 26 . 28 ) of an intermediate area ( 22 ) formed between the cutting area ( 18 ) and the holding area ( 20 ) is arranged. Method according to claim 30, characterized in that the cover element ( 26 . 28 ) has a non-plate shape obtained by prefabrication. Method according to one of claims 20 to 31, characterized in that the molded component ( 38 ) in the foaming mold ( 36 ) is biased that the shape of the Mold component ( 38 ) is not changed during foaming. Method according to one of claims 20 to 31, characterized in that the molded component ( 38 ) is prefabricated in such a way and / or in the foaming mold ( 36 ) is biased that the shape of the molded part ( 38 ) is changed during foaming.

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