EP2643123A1

EP2643123A1 - Cutting element comprising an integrated lubricant

Info

Publication number: EP2643123A1
Application number: EP11778552.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Roberto Mulone
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2010-11-26
Filing date: 2011-10-25
Publication date: 2013-10-02
Also published as: DE102010062073A1; WO2012069267A1; CN103221182A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cutting element, a machining tool and to a method for producing same. To reduce friction and thus increase the efficiency of the cutting element or machining tool and to reduce vibrations and noise during machining, the cutting element (1) comprises lubricant structures (3).

Description

Description title

Cutting element with integrated lubricant

The present invention relates to a cutting element, a cutting tool and method for producing the same.

State of the art

The performance and properties (performance) of diamond tools are currently being substantially improved by optimizing the composition of the matrix-abrasive composition. By a large volume of large lubricant particles, for example, the cutting speed can be increased. However, this comes at the expense of the life of the tool. Conversely, a large volume of small lubricant particles can increase the life of the tool at the expense of the cutting rate.

Disclosure of the invention

The subject matter of the present invention is a cutting element, in particular for a cutting tool, which comprises a matrix, abrasive particles and one or more lubricant structures. The abrasive particles and the lubricant structure (s) may in particular be at least partially incorporated into the matrix.

By the lubricant can advantageously be reduced, the friction. So again, the effectiveness of the cutting element or Span Tool increases and vibration and noise during machining can be reduced. In addition, energy that is otherwise required when cutting to overcome the friction, can be advantageously saved. In addition, so advantageously overheating of the workpiece and tool can be avoided.

The separating element can be produced, for example, a cutting element for a clamping tool according to the invention which is explained later, and, for example, by a method explained later, according to the invention.

In the sense of the present invention, a cutting element may in particular comprise an element of a cutting tool, such as a saw blade, a cutting wheel, a drill, a countersink, a milling cutter, an awl, a chisel, a grinding wheel, a grinding disk, a grinding block, an abrasive belt, a Grinding roller, a file, a rasp, a grater or a planer, be understood, which is provided for machining the workpiece.

For example, the cutting element may be a cutting segment, a cutting edge, for example a closed / planar cutting edge or a structured cutting edge (so-called turbo cutting edge), a cutting lip, for example a drill, a cutting tip, or a cutting pad. In particular, the cutting element may be a cutting segment, a cutting edge or a cutting lip.

Basically, the lubricant structures may be formed in a variety of different shapes. In particular, the lubricant structures may be at least partially or completely selected from the group consisting of, in particular solid, spherical lubricant structures, rod-shaped lubricant structures, platelet-shaped lubricant structures, lattice lubricant structures and / or network-shaped lubricant structures and mixtures thereof.

Spherical lubricant structures may, in particular, be understood to mean structures which have a substantially equally large extent in all spatial directions, for example essentially spherical structures. The spherical lubricant structures, for example, a average particle size in a range of> 1 μηι to <500 μηι, for example, from> 100 μτη to <500 m or from> 150 μιτι to <500 μηι have. In particular, structures which have a greater extent in a first spatial direction than in the second and third spatial directions can be understood to mean rod-shaped lubricant structures. As rod-shaped lubricant structures can be understood in addition to cylindrical structures and irregular or symmetrical, elongated polyhedra. The rod-shaped lubricant structures can, for example, an average

Length in a range of> 0, 1 mm to <25 mm, for example from> 3 mm to <25 mm, for example from> 8 mm to <10 mm, and / or an average cross-sectional area in a range of> 0.001 mm ² to <5 mm ² , for example from> 0.005 mm ² to <5 mm ² , for example from> 0, 1 mm ² to <2 mm ² , and / or an average volume in a range of

> 0.015 mm ³ to <125 mm ³ , for example from> 0.015 mm ³ to <125 mm ³ , for example from> 0.015 mm ³ to <125 mm ³ or from> 0.1 mm ³ to <10 mm ³ . In particular, structures which have a greater extent in two spatial directions than in the third spatial direction can be understood as platelet-shaped lubricant structures. The platelet-shaped lubricant structures may be both flat, substantially regular bodies, for example prisms or cuboids of low height, as well as arched and / or irregular bodies, for example similar to a curved foil, a flake or a flake. The platelet-shaped lubricant structures may, for example, an average area in a range of> 1 mm ² to <300 mm ² , for example from> 20 mm ² to <300 mm ² , for example from> 50 mm ² to 125 mm ² , and / or average thickness in a range of> 0.01 mm to <0.5 mm, for example from> 0, 1 mm to <0.3 mm. For example, the plate-shaped lubricant structures may be formed from graphite.

Lattice-shaped lubricant structures can be understood to mean both regular, flat and also irregular and / or curved lattices. It also lattices that are more than four outgoing from a node Have lattice struts, are understood as a grid. The latticed lubricant structures may, for example, an average total grid area in a range of> 1 mm ² to <300 mm ² , for example

> 20 mm ² to <300 mm ² , for example from> 50 mm ² to <125 mm ² , and / or the average grid thickness in a range of> 0.01 mm to <0.5 mm, for example of> 0.1 mm to <0.3 mm.

A network-like lubricant structure may, in particular, be understood as meaning a structure made up of two or three-dimensionally interconnected areas of lubricant, similar to a two- or three-dimensional grid. The network-like lubricant structures may for example have an average length in a range of> 5 mm to <75 mm, for example of

> 10 mm to <40 mm, and / or an average width in a range of> 1 mm to <5 mm, for example of> 2 mm to <3 mm, and / or an average depth in a range of> 5 mm to <20 mm, for example from> 10 mm to <15 mm, and / or averaged in a volume in a range of> 25 mm ³ to 7500 mm ³ , for example of

> 200 mm ³ to <1800 mm ³ , extend. Within the scope of a preferred embodiment, the lubricant structure (s) are rod-shaped, platelet-shaped, grid-shaped or network-shaped or a mixture of such shaped lubricant structures. In other words, the lubricant structures may be selected from the group consisting of rod-shaped lubricant structures, platelet-shaped lubricant structures, latticed lubricant structures, network lubricant structures, and mixtures thereof. For example, the lubricant structure (s) can be platelet, lattice, or mesh, or a mixture of such shaped lubricant structures. In particular, the lubricant structure (s) may be in the form of perforated plates, lattices or networks or a mixture of such forms. Such structures advantageously have a large extent in one, two or three spatial directions. This advantageously makes it possible, during the removal of the separating element, to continuously remove a lubricant structure along the axis with the largest expansion and thus to provide lubricant on the cutting surface of the separating element continuously and over a longer period of time. In a further embodiment, at least a portion of a lubricant structure forms a portion of the cutting surface of the cutting element. In this way, the cutting surface can already be lubricated by the lubricant structure during the first start-up and thus the friction can be reduced.

In another embodiment, another area of the same lubricant structure is incorporated into the matrix. This has the advantage of a permanent connection between the lubricant structure and the matrix, by means of which detachment of the lubricant structure during cutting or cutting can be prevented. The matrix compound is particularly stable in the case of rod-like, plate-like, latticed, or mesh lubricant structures because much of the structure can be incorporated into the matrix. Due to the large extent in at least one

Spatial direction of such shaped lubricant structures can also be advantageously ensured that the same lubricant structure can form a portion of the cutting surface of the separating element. In a further embodiment, the lubricant structures extend from the attachment side of the cutting element in the direction of the cutting surface of the cutting element. Thus, advantageously, a continuous supply of lubricant during the removal of the cutting surface of the separating element can be ensured. Under the cutting surface of a cutting element can in particular be provided for cutting

Surface of the cutting element are understood. In this case, the attachment side of a cutting element can be understood in particular to be that side with which the separating element is connected or connectable to a carrier body of a cutting tool.

In particular, the lubricant structures may be aligned such that a major axis of the lubricant structure intersects the cutting surface of the cutting element. In the case of a rod-shaped structure, the main axis can be understood in particular to be the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped structure. In the case of a plate-like or lattice-shaped structure, those axes sen, which span the largest surface of the platelet-shaped or lattice-like structure are understood as main axes.

In the context of a further embodiment, the cutting element comprises a network-shaped lubricant structure, which is designed in the form of a lubricant-filled channel and / or pore network formed in the matrix. The individual channels and / or pores can be connected to one another in such a way that the network-shaped lubricant structure formed therefrom completely passes through the matrix of the cutting element. Preferably, at least a part of the channels or pores extends in the direction of the cutting surface of the cutting element. For example, at least a part of the channels or pores may have an opening which is accessible from the cutting surface of the cutting element or opens into it. In this way, the lubricant can escape from the channels or pores during operation of the cutting element and advantageously reduce the friction between the cutting surface and the workpiece machined therewith. In this embodiment, the lubricant may be particularly pasty or liquid, for example an oil, grease or wax. In the context of a further embodiment, the cutting element comprises one or more plate-shaped lubricant structures, which each have one or more perforations. This has the advantage that the matrix regions, which respectively adjoin opposite sides of the platelet-shaped lubricant structure, can be connected to one another by the perforations and thus advantageously the strength of the cutting element to be produced can be increased. For example, the perforations can average> 5% to <50%, for example, from> 10% to <35%, of the area of a platelet-shaped structure. For example, a perforation may have an average area in a range of> 0.4 mm ² to <15 mm ² , for example of> 1 mm ² to <10 mm ² .

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the lubricant structures, for example some or all, each have an adhesion promoter coating. The lubricant structures may be partially or completely covered with the adhesion promoter coating. The adhesion promoter may in particular be selected in such a way that it supports the binding or integration of the Lubricant structures in the matrix improved. Thus, it can be advantageously avoided that the lubricant structures are torn out of the matrix during operation. The adhesion promoter coating is preferably an inorganic adhesion promoter coating. The bonding agent may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of metals, metal alloys / alloys / mixtures, inorganic compounds and mixtures thereof.

The adhesion promoter may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of metallic titanium, nickel and / or silver, alloys / master alloys / mixtures of titanium, nickel and / or silver, inorganic materials, in particular based on carbide and / or nitride, for example carbides and / or nitrides of titanium and / or tungsten, and mixtures thereof. For example, the lubricant structures may be formed of graphite and have a primer coating of nickel, or the lubricant structures may be formed of hexagonal boron nitride and have a primer coating of titanium and / or silver. The primer coating can, for example, an average

Layer thickness in a range of> 1 μηι to <50 μνη, for example, from> 1 μιη to <20 μηι have.

For example, the separating element may comprise spherical, rod-shaped, platelet-shaped, latticed or network-shaped lubricant structures or a mixture of such shaped lubricant structures, each of which has an adhesion promoter coating.

In a further embodiment, the cutting element comprises -> 30 wt .-% to <95 wt .-%, for example> 30 wt .-% to <90 wt .-%,

Matrix, and / or

-> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, for example> 3 wt .-% to <15 wt .-%, abrasive particles, and / or

-> 1 wt .-% to <30 wt .-%, for example> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, lubricant structures, based on the total weight of the cutting element. In particular, the separating element can consist of these components. The percentages by weight of the matrix, the abrasive particles and the lubricant structures can add up to 100 weight percent.

Insofar as the lubricant structures have a bonding agent coating, the cutting element can

-> 30 wt .-% to <95 wt .-%, for example> 30 wt .-% to <90 wt .-%, matrix, and / or

-> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, for example> 3 wt .-% to <15 wt .-%,

Abrasive particles, and / or

-> 1 wt .-% to <30 wt .-%, for example> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, lubricant structures, and / or

-> 1 wt .-% to <30 wt .-%, for example> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, adhesion promoter

based on the total weight of the cutting element, comprise or consist of. The percentages by weight of the matrix, the abrasive particles, the lubricant structures and the adhesion promoter coating can add up to 100 percent by weight.

In another embodiment, the lubricant structures comprise or are formed from a lubricant selected from the group consisting of inorganic lubricants, such as nitrides, sulfides, fluorides, sulfates, oxides, carbides, iodides and / or borates of boron (h- BN), tungsten, molybdenum, calcium, barium, magnesium, strontium, cesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, silicon, cerium, silver and / or manganese, carbon modifications such as graphite, graphene and / or carbon nanotubes, organic lubricants such as polyhalo-olefins, Oils (vegetable, animal, mineral and / or synthetic oils), fats (vegetable, animal, mineral and / or synthetic fats) and / or waxes (vegetable, animal, mineral and / or synthetic waxes), and mixtures thereof. For example, the lubricant structures may include or be formed from a lubricant selected from the group consisting of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), carbon modifications such as graphite, graphene and / or carbon nanotubes, tungsten sulfide (WS ₂ ), molybdenum sulfide

(MoS ₂ ), calcium fluoride (CaF ₂ ), barium sulfide (BaF ₂ ), calcium sulfate (CaSÖ ₄ ), barium sulfate (BaS0 ₄ ), cesium molybdenum oxide sulfide (CsMoOS ₃ ), titanium silicon carbide (Ti ₃ SiC ₂ ), cerium fluoride (CeF ₃ ), silver iodide (Agl), manganese sulfide (MnS), sodium borate (Na ₂ B ₄ 0 ₇ 10 H ₂ O), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, Teflon), oils, fats, waxes and mixtures thereof. For example, the lubricant may comprise a calcium fluoride-barium fluoride mixture comprising, for example, 38% by weight of calcium fluoride and 62% by weight of barium fluoride, based on the total weight of the calcium fluoride-barium fluoride mixture.

The matrix can be both an inorganic matrix and an organic matrix, for example on the polymer basis. Carbon compounds which have no carbon-hydrogen bond, in particular carbides and carbon modifications, such as graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, can be understood as inorganic in the sense of the present invention. Preferably, the matrix is an inorganic matrix. In particular, the

Matrix may be formed of materials which are selected from the group consisting of metals, metal alloys / pre-alloys (English: pre-alloy) / - mixtures, inorganic compounds, and mixtures thereof. Cutting elements with an inorganic matrix can advantageously have a longer service life compared to cutting elements with an organic matrix component.

In the case of an inorganic matrix, the lubricant structures preferably comprise a lubricant selected from the group consisting of inorganic lubricants, such as nitrides, sulfides, fluorides, sulfates,

Oxides, carbides, iodides and / or borates of boron (h-BN), tungsten, molybdenum, calcium, barium, magnesium, strontium, cesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, silicon, cerium, silver and / or manganese, carbon modifications , such as graphite, graphene and / or carbon nanotubes, and mixtures thereof.

In a further embodiment, the matrix is formed from a material which is selected from the group consisting of metallic copper, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese, metal alloys / pre-alloys / mixtures of copper , Tin, in particular bronze, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese, inorganic compounds of titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese. To the For example, the matrix can comprise, based on the total weight of the matrix,> 28% by weight to <75% by weight, for example> 28% by weight to <72% by weight, of a matrix constituent selected from among Group consisting of metallic copper, tin, iron, cobalt and / or nickel, metal alloys / pre-alloys / mixtures of copper, tin, in particular bronze, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese, inorganic compounds of titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese and mixtures thereof. Alternatively or additionally, the matrix, based on the total weight of the matrix, may comprise> 2% by weight to <20% by weight, for example> 2.8% by weight to <18% by weight, of a matrix constituent, which is selected from the group consisting of inorganic compounds of titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese and mixtures thereof.

In another embodiment, the abrasive particles are formed of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride (c-BN), tungsten carbide, titanium tan carbide, titanium nitride, silicon carbide, and mixtures thereof, such as titanium tungsten carbide. carbides (Ti _x W _y C _z ) or titanium carbide nitrides (TiC _a N _B ), in particular diamond (synthetic or natural).

Another object of the present invention is a cutting tool, which comprises at least one cutting element according to the invention. For example, the cutting tool can be produced by a later explained inventive method.

In a further embodiment, the chip tool has a carrier body, with which the at least one cutting element is connected. In a further embodiment, the cutting tool is a saw blade, a cutting wheel, a drill, a countersink, a milling cutter, an awl, a chisel, a grinding wheel, a sanding pad, a sanding block, a sanding belt, a sanding roller, a file, a rasp, a grater or a planer. Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a cutting element or cutting tool according to the invention, comprising the method steps

Solidification, in particular cold working and / or heat setting, for example cold and / or hot pressing, of a composition comprising at least one matrix component for producing a matrix,

Abrasive particles, and

at least one voiding component for generating voids,

Removing the voiding components, and

- Fill the cavities generated with at least one lubricant.

Optionally, in addition, in the composition, in particular solid, lubricant structures may be included.

The voiding component may be, for example, a propellant gas. In this case, the solidification and removal can be substantially simultaneous. However, the void-forming component may also be a material which is at least substantially stable (and acts as a spacer) in the solidification conditions and which is transferred or decomposed in the subsequent process step of removal to another physical state, for example, liquid (melt) or gaseous. For example, the voiding component may be a polymer, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, which is removed by thermal decomposition.

In particular, cavities such as channels and / or pores, for example a channel and / or pore network, for example an open-pore channel and / or pore network, can be generated. The filling of the cavities produced is preferably carried out by an infiltration process. For example, the cavities, in particular an open-pore channel and / or pore network, in particular in the resulting matrix abrasive particle composite, with a pasty or liquid lubricant, in particular a lubricant melt, for example based on an oil, fat, wax, metal or a metal alloy partially or completely infiltrated be ruled and / or filled. After infiltration, a lubricant infiltrated as a melt can solidify in the cavities.

The rod, grid, mesh and / or platelet-shaped structures can be realized, for example, in that one or more channels and / or pores are formed in the matrix, which are partially or completely filled with the lubricant component. In this way, a cutting element with one or more rod-shaped, grid-shaped and / or network-shaped lubricant structure can be produced.

A cutting element with one or more rod-shaped lubricant structures can alternatively be produced by using a rod-shaped cavity forming component and inserting the rod-shaped lubricant structure into the resulting rod-shaped cavity or channel.

The solidification of the composition can be carried out directly on a carrier body, for example a metallic or ceramic carrier body, for example a carrier body made of steel, of the cutting tool to be produced. Thus, the cutting element can be made in one step and with the

Carrier body can be connected. In particular, this can be done by means of work hardening.

However, it is also possible first to produce the cutting element, for example by heat setting, and optionally to sinter, for example under atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, the cutting element can be connected to the carrier body. Within the scope of one embodiment, the method therefore comprises the method step of sintering the solidified composition.

Another object of the present invention is a further method for producing a cutting element or cutting tool according to the invention, comprising the method steps

Providing a first region of a composition which

at least one matrix component for generating a matrix and

Abrasive particles, includes

- Applying one or more, for example, rod-shaped, platelet-shaped or latticed, lubricant structures on the first region;

- Applying a second region of a composition, which

at least one matrix component for generating a matrix and

Abrasive particles

comprises, on the first region and the lubricant structures applied thereto,

Solidification, in particular cold working and / or heat setting, for example cold and / or hot pressing, of the arrangement.

Thus, the lubricant structures may be sandwiched into the abrasive particle matrix. If appropriate, lubricant compositions may additionally be present in the compositions, in particular solid.

During or after the individual provisioning or application process steps, the process may comprise intermediate steps in which the arrangement present at this point in time is partially solidified, for example by work hardening and / or heat setting.

In this way, solid lubricant structures can advantageously be introduced and positioned directly in the matrix having abrasive particles. The positioning of the cavity forming component in the previously explained

Method can be done analogously.

Also in the context of this method, the solidification of the composition can be carried out directly on a carrier body, for example a metallic or ceramic carrier body, for example a carrier body made of steel, of the chip tool to be produced. In this way, the cutting element can be produced in a method step and connected to the carrier body. In particular, this can be done by means of work hardening. However, it is also possible in the context of this procedure as well

Cutting element, for example by heat setting, and if necessary, for example under atmospheric pressure, to sinter. Thereafter, the cutting element can be connected to the carrier body. Within the scope of one embodiment, the method therefore comprises the method step of sintering the solidified composition.

A further subject matter of the present invention is a further method for producing a cutting element or chip tool according to the invention, comprising the step of solidifying, in particular work hardening and / or heat setting, for example cold and / or hot pressing, a composition comprising a matrix component for producing a matrix, Abrasive particles and, optionally coated with an adhesion promoter, lubricant structures, such as spherical, rod-shaped, platelike or lattice-shaped, optionally coated with a primer lubricant structures or a mixture of such shaped lubricant structures comprises.

The solidification of the composition can also be carried out directly on a carrier body, for example a metallic or ceramic carrier body, for example a carrier body made of steel, of the chip tool to be produced. Thus, in the context of this method as well, the cutting element can be produced in one process step and connected to the carrier body. In particular, this can be done by means of work hardening.

However, it is also possible in the context of this method also first to produce the cutting element, for example by heat setting, and optionally, for example, under atmospheric pressure, to sinter. Thereafter, the cutting element can be connected to the carrier body. Within the scope of one embodiment, therefore, the process comprises, after the process step of solidification, the process step of sintering the solidified composition.

Drawings and example Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject invention are illustrated by the drawings and explained in the following description. It should be noted that the drawings have only descriptive character and are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Show it

1 shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in whose matrix abrasive particles and spherical lubricant structures are integrated;

2 shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in the matrix of which abrasive particles and spherical lubricant structures are integrated with an adhesion-promoting coating;

3a shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in whose matrix abrasive particles and rod-shaped lubricant structures are integrated;

FIG. 3b is a schematic plan view of the cutting surface of the cutting element shown in FIG. 3a; FIG.

4a shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in the abrasive particles comprising matrix is integrated an irregular, network-shaped lubricant structure,

Fig. 4b is a schematic plan view of the cutting surface of the cutting element shown in Fig. 4a;

5 a shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in the matrix comprising abrasive particles of which a regular, network-shaped lubricant structure is integrated;

Fig. 5b is a schematic plan view of the cutting surface of the cutting element shown in Fig. 5a; and

6 shows a schematic cross section through a cutting element, in the matrix of which abrasive particles and platelet-shaped, perforations having lubricant structures are integrated;

7 is a schematic plan view of a cutting disc with cutting segments according to the invention;

8a shows a schematic perspective view of a hollow drill with a separating lip according to the invention;

Fig. 8b is a schematic plan view of the cutting surface of the cutting lip of the drill shown in Fig. 8a; 9 is a schematic plan view of a cutting wheel with a closed / flat cutting edge according to the invention;

10 shows a schematic plan view of a cutting disk with a turbo-cutting edge according to the invention;

1 1 shows a schematic cross section through a cutting disc with a turbo cutting edge according to the invention; and

Fig. 12 is a schematic, perspective view of a hollow drill with a coating of a composition according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an embodiment of a cutting element 11. The curved boundary lines illustrate that this may be a cutting segment shown in FIG. 7 as well as a cutting edge of a cutting tool such as a cutting wheel shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 11 or 12. In this case, the separating element 1 1 may have an elongated arcuate shape whose curvature substantially corresponds to the circular circumference of the chip tool or the carrier body of the chip tool. Figure 1 shows that a surface of the separating element, the so-called cutting surface, S is provided for cutting the workpiece to be machined. Opposite to the cutting surface S, the separating element 1 1 has a fastening side with which it can be fastened to a carrier body 12 of a chip tool.

FIG. 1 illustrates that the cutting element 1 1 comprises a matrix 1 in which abrasive particles 2 and lubricant structures 3 are incorporated.

As part of the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the lubricant structures 3 are formed substantially spherical.

The embodiment of a cutting element 1 1 shown in FIG. 2 differs essentially from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the lubricant structures 3 each have an adhesion promoter coating 4. In particular, the bonding or incorporation of the lubricant structures 3 into the matrix 1 can be improved by the adhesion promoter coating. Thus, it can be advantageously avoided that the lubricant structures 3 are torn out of the matrix 1 during operation. The embodiment of a cutting element 1 1 shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b differs essentially from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that the lubricant structures 3 are of rod-shaped design. In this case, in each case one region of a rod-shaped lubricant structure 3 forms a section of the cutting surface S of the cutting element 1 1, wherein another region of the same rod-shaped lubricant structure 3 is integrated into the matrix 1. In particular, the rod-shaped lubricant structures 3 extend from the attachment side of the cutting element 11 in the direction of the cutting surface S of the cutting element 11. In this case, the rod-shaped lubricant structures 3 are aligned such that their main axis intersects the cutting surface S of the cutting element 1 1. In this way, it is advantageously possible to ensure a continuous supply of lubricant during the removal of the cutting surface S of the separating element 11. The embodiment of a cutting element shown in Figures 4a and 4b

1 1 differs essentially from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b in that the cutting element 1 1 comprises an irregular, network-shaped lubricant structure 3, which in the form of a channel 3 and / or 3 filled lubricant 3 formed in the matrix 1 Pore network is formed.

The embodiment of a cutting element 1 1 shown in FIGS. 5 a and 5 b differs essentially from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b in that the cutting element 1 1 comprises a regular, network-shaped lubricant structure 3, which takes the form of a

Matrix 1 trained, lubricant 3 filled channel and / or pore network is formed.

The embodiment of a cutting element 1 1 shown in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b differs essentially from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 b in that the cutting element 1 comprises 1 lamellar lubricant structures 3, which each have a plurality of perforations 5. By means of these perforations 5, the matrix regions 1, which adjoin each other on opposite sides of the platelet-shaped lubricant structure 3, can be connected to one another and thus advantageously the strength of the matrix

Increase cutting elements 1 1. Figure 7 shows a schematic plan view of a cutting disc, which has a disc-shaped support body 12, are connected to the eight cutting elements according to the invention 1 1 in the form of cutting segments.

FIGS. 8a and 8b show a hollow drill, which has a substantially cylindrical carrier body 12 and a cutting element 11 according to the invention which is connected to the carrier body 12 in the form of a cutting lip. FIG. 9 shows a cutting disk, which likewise has a disc-shaped carrier body 12 and a cutting element 12 according to the invention connected to the carrier body 12 in the form of a closed or planar cutting edge. FIGS. 10 and 11 show cutting discs, which likewise have a disk-shaped carrier body 12 and a cutting element 12 according to the invention connected to the carrier body 12 in the form of a structured cutting edge, a so-called turbo cutting edge. FIG. 11 illustrates that the cutting element 12 is connected by a cold and / or heat-solidification process, in particular cold and / or hot pressing, with tooth-like structures which are formed circumferentially on the disk-shaped carrier body 12.

FIG. 12 shows a hollow drill, which has a substantially hollow-cylindrical carrier body 12. FIG. 12 illustrates that an opening region of the hollow cylindrical carrier body 12 is provided with a coating of a composition according to the invention which comprises a matrix component, an abrasive component and a lubricant component optionally coated with adhesion promoter.

Examples:

Example 1: spherical graphite particles as lubricant component 2.32 kg of iron, 0.40 kg of nickel, 0.80 kg of bronze (CuSn 80/20) and 0.48 kg of tungsten carbide were, in each case as a powder having an average particle size of about 30 μm, in a Turbula® mixer WAB and dry blended for 4 hours at 72 rpm using tungsten carbide cobalt spheres with a diameter of 6.3 mm.

The resulting matrix component was divided into a first part of 3.936 kg and a second part of 0.064 kg.

To the first matrix component portion (3.936 kg) was added a binder solution (20 g of Mowital® B 30H dissolved in 500 ml of isopropanol) and the mixture mixed to form granules having an average particle size of about 0.8 mm. Thereafter, the resulting matrix component granules were dried at 100 ° C.

Separately, 0.064 kg of diamond powder (40/50 mesh) was first dry mixed with the second matrix component part (0.064 kg). Then, a binder solution (0.64 g of Mowital® B 30H dissolved in 100 ml of isopropanol) was added, and the mixture was mixed to form a granule having an average particle size of about 0.8 mm. Thereafter, the resulting abrasive / matrix component granules were dried at 100 ° C.

Thereafter, 2 kg of matrix component granules containing 128 grams of abrasive / matrix component granules and 107 grams of graphite powder (40/140 mesh) were prepared to produce a lubricant / abrasive / matrix component blend

Mixed for 15 minutes with a Turbula® mixer at 34 rpm.

Subsequently, cutting segment molds were each partially filled with 1.41 g matrix component granules and partly with 2.46 g lubricant / abrasive / matrix component mixture such that the area filled with the matrix component granulate can later serve as a mounting base for the cutting segment to be produced ,

By cold pressing with a weight of 4800 kg (200 MPa) and a pressing time of 6 s, 16 cutting segment green bodies were produced in this way. The cutting segment green bodies were then hot pressed into graphite molds according to the following program and welded to a steel separator disk carrier.

Example 2: Spherical particles of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a lubricant component

Another cutting disk was prepared analogously to Example 1, but instead of the graphite powder, a powder of hexagonal boron nitride was used.

Example 3: Spherical nickel-coated graphite particles as a lubricant component

Another cutting disc was prepared analogously to Example 1, but instead of the graphite powder, a powder of nickel-coated graphite particles was used.

Example 4: Spherical, silver-coated particles of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) as a lubricant component

Another cutting disc was prepared analogously to Example 1, but instead of the graphite powder, a powder of silver-coated particles of hexagonal boron nitride was used.

Example 5: Graphite sticks as an additional lubricant component

A matrix component granule and a lubricant / abrasive / matrix component mixture were prepared according to Example 1. subse- In the end, the cutting segment molds were each partially filled with 0.71 g of matrix component granules and partly with 1.23 g of lubricant / abrasive / matrix component mixture such that the area filled with the matrix component granulate later serves as a mounting base for the cutting segment to be produced can. A cold press with a weight of 1200 kg (50 MPa) and a pressing time of 3 s was used to pre-press a layer. 13 g of graphite rods having an average length of 6 mm and an average diameter of 1 mm were placed on the pre-pressed layer and the assembly was cold-pressed again with a weight of 100 kg (~ 4 MPa) and a pressing time of 3 s. Subsequently, another 0.71 g matrix component granules and 1, 23 g lubricant / abrasive / matrix component mixture were filled into the cutting segment molds such that the filled with the matrix component granules area can serve as a mounting base for the cutting segment to be produced. The arrangement was then first with a weight of 1200 kg

(50 MPa) and a pressing time of 3 s, then cold-pressed with a weight of 4800 kg (200 MPa) and a pressing time of 6 s. The resulting cutting segment green bodies were then hot pressed into graphite molds according to the program already described and welded to a steel separator disk carrier.

Example 6: Graphite platelets as additional lubricant component

Another cut-off wheel was produced analogously to Example 5, but instead of the graphite sticks, graphite flakes having an average area of 5 mm × 10 mm and an average thickness of 0.2 mm were used.

Example 7: Network Structures as Lubricant Component

Another cut-off wheel was produced analogously to Examples 5 and 6, but instead of the graphite rods or platelets, a polyethylene sieve was used, which decomposed during hot pressing. The resulting cavities were then infiltrated with the lubricant available under the brand name Molykote ©. Example 8: Graphite sticks as lubricant component

A matrix component granulate was prepared according to Example 1. The cutting segment molds were each filled with 2 g matrix component granules. By cold pressing with a weight of 1200 kg (50 MPa) and a

Pressing time of 3 s was pre-pressed one layer. 13 g of graphite rods having an average length of 6 mm and an average diameter of 1 mm were placed on the pre-pressed layer and the assembly was cold-pressed again with a weight of 100 kg (~ 4 MPa) and a pressing time of 3 s. Subsequently, a further 2 g of matrix component granules were introduced into the cutting segment molds. The assembly was then cold-pressed first with a weight of 1200 kg (50 MPa) and a pressing time of 3 seconds, then with a weight of 4800 kg (200 MPa) and a pressing time of 6 seconds. The resulting cutting segment green bodies were then hot pressed into graphite molds in accordance with the previously discussed program and welded to a steel separator disk carrier.

Example 9: Graphite Flakes as Lubricant Component Another cut-off wheel was produced analogously to Example 8, but instead of the graphite rods, graphite flakes having an average area of 5 mm × 10 mm and an average thickness of 0.2 mm were used. Example 10: Network Structures as Lubricant Component

Another cut-off wheel was produced analogously to Examples 8 and 9, but instead of the graphite rods or platelets, a polyethylene sieve was used, which decomposed during hot pressing. The resulting cavities were then infiltrated with the lubricant available under the trade name Molykote ©.

Cutting tests with the cutting discs produced in this way showed that the cutting discs have a low noise level and low heating.

Claims

claims

1 . Cutting element (1 1), in particular for a chip tool comprising

a matrix (1),

- Abrasive particles (2) and

one or more rod-shaped, plate-shaped, latticed and / or network-shaped lubricant structures (3),

wherein the abrasive particles (2) and the lubricant structure (s) (3) are at least partially incorporated in the matrix (1).

2. Cutting element according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of a

Lubricant structure (3) forms a portion of the cutting surface (S) of the cutting element (1 1).

3. Cutting element according to claim 2, wherein another portion of the same lubricant structure (3) is incorporated into the matrix (1).

4. Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricant structures (3) from the attachment side of the cutting element (1 1) in the direction of the Schneidfiäche (S) of the cutting element (1 1) erstre-.

5. Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cutting element (1 1) comprises a network-shaped lubricant structure (3), in the form of a in the matrix (1) formed, lubricant (3) filled channel and / or Pore network is formed.

6. Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cutting element (1 1) comprises one or more plate-shaped lubricant structure (3), each having one or more perforations (5).

Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least a part of the lubricant structures (3) each have a bonding agent coating (4).

Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting element (1 1)

-> 30 wt .-% to <95 wt .-%, in particular> 30 wt .-% to <90 wt%, matrix,

From> 2% by weight to <20% by weight, in particular> 3% by weight to <15% by weight, abrasive particles,

-> 1 wt .-% to <30 wt .-%, in particular> 2 wt .-% to <20 wt .-%, lubricant structures,

based on the total weight of the cutting element (1 1) comprises.

Cutting element according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein

the lubricant structures (3) comprise a lubricant which is selected from the group consisting of inorganic lubricants, in particular nitrides, sulfides, fluorides, sulfates, oxides, carbides, iodides and / or borates of, tungsten, molybdenum, calcium, Barium, magnesium, strontium, cesium, sodium, potassium, titanium, silicon, cerium, silver and / or manganese, carbon modifications, such as graphite, graphene and / or carbon nanotubes, organic lubricants, in particular polyhalo-olefins, oils, fats and / or waxes, and Mixtures thereof, and / or

- The matrix (1) is formed of a material which is selected from the group consisting of metallic copper, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese, metal alloys of copper, tin, especially bronze , Iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese, inorganic compounds of titanium, chromium, tungsten and / or manganese and mixtures thereof, and / or

- The abrasive particles (2) are formed of a material which is selected from the group consisting of diamond, cubic boron nitride, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, silicon carbide and mixtures thereof, such as titanium tungsten carbides or titanium carbide, in particular diamond.

10. Cutting element according to claim 9, wherein the cutting element (1 1) is a cutting segment, a cutting edge, a cutting lip, a cutting tip, or a cutting pad, in particular a cutting segment, a cutting edge or a cutting lip.

1 1. Chip cutting tool, comprising at least one cutting element (1 1) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

12. Chip cutting tool according to claim 1 1, wherein the cutting tool has a carrier body (12), with which the at least one cutting element (1 1) is connected.

The cutting tool of claim 1 1 or 12, wherein the cutting tool comprises a saw blade, a cutting wheel, a drill, a countersink, a milling cutter, an awl, a chisel, a grinding wheel, a sanding pad, a sanding block, a sanding belt, a sanding drum, a File, a grater, a grater or a planer is.

14. A method for producing a cutting element (1 1) according to any one of arrival claims 1 to 10 or a chip tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 13, comprising the method steps

Solidifying, in particular cold-working and / or heat-hardening, a composition comprising

at least one matrix component for producing a matrix (1), abrasive particles (2), and

at least one cavitation component for generating cavities,

Removing the voiding components, and

- filling the cavities generated with at least one lubricant (3).

15. A method for producing a cutting element according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 13, comprising the method steps

Providing a first region of a composition, which comprises at least one matrix component for generating a matrix (1) and

Abrasive particles (2), includes,

- Applying one or more, for example, rod-shaped, plate-like or lattice-shaped, lubricant structures (3) on the first region;

- Applying a second region of a composition, which

at least one matrix component for generating a matrix (1) and

- abrasive particles

comprises, on the first region and the lubricant structures (3) applied thereto,

- Solidify, especially strain hardening and / or heat strengthen the arrangement.