DE102016100711B4 - Method for handling and emptying a container and container suitable therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for handling and emptying a container, ie drum (1), which is filled with material (50) that in a on the inner sides of the bottom and the wall of the container (1), tightly sealed at its upper opening, bag (2) is by emptying the container (1) by pressing a press plate (200) from its open end face (1a) onto the material (50) and thereby extruding the material (50) through the through hole (201) of the Pressing plate (200) in a connected conveying line (202), characterized in that for emptying after removal of the cover (4) and optionally removing the filling body (7) the bag (2) is opened by either an existing end plate (6) to which the bag (2) closes tightly at the bottom, the cover (13) is removed from the bag opening (5) formed in the end plate (6), or - in the absence of the end plate (6) the closed top End of the bag (2) is opened and the supernatant (15) is cut across the surface (50a) of the material (50) to a length above the surface (50a) of the material (50) that is less than 45%. , Better than 40% of the inner diameter of the container (1), but greater than 10%, better than 20%, of the inner diameter of the container (1), - or in the presence of a ring (8) to the closed supernatant (15) of Lengthwise of the tube everywhere about the same circumference having bag (2), the over the ring (8) protruding part of the supernatant (15) is shortened to such a distance from the ring (8), which is less than the radial distance between the ring (8) and the surrounding wall of the container (1) before the press plate (200) is inserted into the container (1).

Description

field of use

The invention relates to a container for storing and transporting pasty material, which consists of several components and a method for its handling and emptying.

II. Technical background

In the industry, pasty materials such as adhesives, cosmetics, ointments, etc. are often stored in unilaterally open containers, so-called barrels, stored, transported and delivered to the customer.

These containers are open on one side, so have a surrounding wall and a solid, tightly attached soil, and preferably over the entire length, ie height, constant inner cross section, the open end is sealed with a lid. Such containers are referred to for the purposes of the present application as a barrel. Such a barrel usually has a round cross section in the plan view of the open side, and is made of sheet steel or plastic.

To empty such a drum, it is already known to use a so-called. Press plate, which has such a size and contour that it fits exactly into the opening of the barrel and tight against the inner sides of the walls.

Such a pressure plate has - usually in the center - a through hole, and the pressure plate is followed on one side by a hollow piston rod, by means of which the pressure plate in the axial direction, ie in the direction of the height of the barrel between the open side and the bottom, can be moved.

In order to avoid the use of conventional pumps, such as piston pumps where mechanical parts of the pump come into contact with the material, which often contains very aggressive components and therefore wear these moving parts of the pump very quickly, the emptying is carried out by means of the pressure plate, that the pressure plate is placed in the barrel on the top of the material and is pressed with high force in the direction of the bottom of the barrel, whereby the material is pushed in the barrel through the passage opening of the pressing plate and into the hollow piston rod, and in a connected thereto delivery line to the consumer for the material, such as a tube filling plant or the like, is pushed.

• - Mit das größte Problem besteht darin, dass in dem zum Verbraucher geförderten Material keine Lufteinschlüsse vorhanden sein sollen, denn dies würde bei der dosierten Ausgabe des Materials wie z.B. in eine Tube eine Mindermenge oder beim Ausbringen in Form von Kleberaupen auf zu verklebenden Flächen eine Unterbrechung der Kleberaupen und damit eine undichte Verklebung bewirken, weshalb hohe Folgeschäden auftreten können.

There are a number of problems:

• - The biggest problem is that in the material promoted to the consumer no air pockets should be present, because this would be the metered output of the material such as in a tube a small amount or when applying in the form of adhesive beads on surfaces to be bonded a break the adhesive beads and thus cause a leaky bond, which is why high consequential damage can occur.

• - Ein weiteres Problem besteht in einer ausreichenden Abdichtung zwischen dem äußeren Rand der Pressplatte und der Innenseite der Wandung des Fasses beim Niederdrücken der Pressplatte, die erforderlich ist, um im Inneren des Fasses einen ausreichenden Förderdruck zu erzeugen.

To avoid such trapped air, it is already known to insert the press plate into the drum and place it on the top of the material and drive down after the environment around the open side of the drum has been vented around the pressure plate, at least To remove near the surface contained in the material air inclusions and above all to prevent air between press plate and upper side of the material arise.

• - Another problem is a sufficient seal between the outer edge of the press plate and the inside of the wall of the barrel when depressing the pressure plate, which is required to produce sufficient discharge pressure inside the barrel.

• - Ein nächstes Problem besteht in der Tatsache, dass das im Fass enthaltene Material in aller Regel aus verschiedenen Komponenten besteht, die zwar vor dem Abfüllen in den Behälter ausreichend gemischt wurden, sich im Behälter jedoch durch eine lange Lagerungs- oder Transportzeit, z.B. Schiffstransport, wieder voneinander trennen können, sodass die leichteren und/oder weniger viskosen Komponenten sich im oberen Bereich des Fasses sammeln und somit beim Entleeren kein homogen gemischtes Material zum Verbraucher gefördert würde.
• - Ein Detailproblem besteht darin, dass die Behälter nicht vollständig gefüllt sind, sondern zwischen der Oberfläche des Materials im Behälter und dem Deckel ein Luftraum vorhanden ist. Wenn nun die Behälter während des Transports oder beim Umlagern umfallen, gekippt werden, auf den Kopf gestellt werden oder auf andere Art und Weise aus ihrer aufrechtstehenden Lage herausbewegt werden, kann es durch das sich deshalb bewegende Material im Inneren des Fasses dazu kommen, dass Luft aus dem Luftraum im Inneren des Fasses vollständig von Material umgeben wird und damit einen Lufteinschluss bildet, der sich bei hochviskosem Material auch nach längerer Standzeit nicht mehr im Material zur Oberfläche bewegt und von selbst wieder öffnet.
• - Ein weiteres Problem besteht darin, ein solches Fass mittels der beschriebenen Pressplatte möglichst restefrei zu entleeren, denn diese Materialien sind häufig sehr teuer, und wenn bei einem Fass mit z.B. 25 Liter Inhalt jedes Mal ein halber Liter Rest nicht verwertbar wäre, stellte dies einen nicht akzeptablen Verlust dar, der durchaus im Bereich von mehreren Prozent des Materialwerts liegen kann.

Since this delivery pressure can be quite significant, if it is a highly viscous material, the seal between press plate and barrel must be very strong.

• - A next problem is the fact that the material contained in the drum usually consists of different components, which, although sufficiently mixed before being filled into the container, become in the container by a long storage or transport time, eg shipping, can separate again from each other, so that the lighter and / or less viscous components collect in the upper part of the barrel and thus would not be promoted when emptying homogeneously mixed material to the consumer.
• - A detail problem is that the containers are not completely filled, but there is an air space between the surface of the material in the container and the lid. Now, if the containers fall over, are tilted, turned upside down, or otherwise moved out of their upright position during transport or transfer, the moving material inside the drum may cause air to come through from the air space inside the barrel is completely surrounded by material and thus forms a trapped air, which is highly viscous Material no longer moves in the material to the surface even after a longer service life and reopens by itself.
• - Another problem is to empty such a barrel by means of the press plate described as free as possible, because these materials are often very expensive, and if a barrel with eg 25 liters of content each time half a liter of rest would not be usable, this was one unacceptable loss, which can well be in the range of several percent of the material value.

Furthermore, it is already known, the material to be accommodated in the container not directly in this dimensionally stable container, so fill the barrel, but the interior of the barrel with an open-top bag, a so-called. Inliner, of flexible material, usually a plastic film, lining and to fill the material in the bag.

The bag does not have to absorb any weight or pressure forces because it is large enough that it is pressed by the filled material to the bottom and the inside of the walls of the container. Of course, the bag will protrude above the top of the material fill, and often over the top of the barrel, e.g. can be easily closed by welding at the open before filling the top and the protruding part of the bag can be accommodated before placing the lid in the space between the surface of the material and the upper edge of the barrel.

Such an inliner can also be vented before closing if the material contained therein is not to remain in contact with air or oxygen during transport and storage.

In this context, it is from the DE 4226644 A1 known to fill the sack-like liner located in the container from above, close tightly at the top and then overturn the closed filled inliner in the actual transport container, so that the closed side is down and for emptying into the then on the top continuous film a corresponding hole must be cut.

Furthermore, it is from the EP 1690807 A1 - Which represents the closest prior art - known to use an inliner, which does not have the same length and diameter over the entire length of the tube, but has a highly narrowed neck area for filling. This is then closed, and for emptying not only the entire neck is removed, but also part of the shoulder-like inwardly facing top of the inliner to put on a press plate, which then sits tightly on the remaining shoulder area of the liner. This naturally leads to the wetting of the underside of the press plate by the material to be emptied

III. Presentation of the invention

Technical task

It is therefore an object to provide a container and a method for its handling and emptying available, which avoids the problems indicated.

Solution of the task

This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 9. Advantageous embodiments will be apparent from the dependent claims.

The above object is achieved in a container, in particular a barrel, in that in the container a bag as a so-called inliner of flexible bag material - which of course may not be permeable to the material to be stored therein - arranged. This is at least so large that it rests against the inner sides of the wall circumferentially and over the entire height and can also rest against the bottom of the container without tearing when pressed by filling material into the interior of the bag against the inner sides of the container becomes.

The container, viewed in its longitudinal direction, preferably has a round inner cross-section and / or round outer cross-section, which remains the same in the longitudinal direction or may decrease towards the bottom of the barrel. Before filling, this bag has an upper bag opening through which it can be filled, which is formed on the side facing the upper barrel opening side of the bag disposed in the barrel, which usually points upwards. This bag opening can be sealed after filling the bag, so for the transport state.

In this way it is first of all prevented that adheres to the bottom of the lid material after opening the barrel by removing the lid and the inner sides of the barrel are covered to the top with material, so the container is heavily contaminated.

In the filled state, the bag opening is not only tightly closed, for example, glued or welded, but in particular is located inside the closed bag except the material no more air by ago the closure of the interior of the bag was subjected to negative pressure, ie in particular was evacuated.

This ensures that even with a troubled transport, so if the material sloshes back and forth in the barrel, because, for example, the barrel falls over, cavities can form very difficult inside the material, but no air pockets.

There are several ways to make such a bag:

The simplest case is that the bag is tubular with one side closed end face, which then forms the bottom of the bag. In the longitudinal direction of the tube, such a bag preferably has the same circumference, ie the same circumferential length, which is independent of whether the bag is in the flat folded state or is spread open to a round or even polygonal cross section.

In this case, the bag after filling with its open, tube-like end protrudes over the surface of the filled material, and this supernatant must of course be so large that the bag can be sealed at the free end, so the supernatant on all sides at least until the middle of the bag is enough, rather longer.

The closing is carried out in the simplest case by laying against each other two opposite side walls of the bag and attaching a glued seam or sealing seam. Of course, the supernatant can also be radially pushed together from all sides and the resulting bundle of tube material can be sealed tight by, for example, bonding.

On the preferably already supernatant supernatant, a ring can be pushed over, which in e.g. lying horizontally preferably has an inner diameter which is between 3% and 50%, more preferably between 5% and 20%, of the inner diameter of the container, and the purpose of which will be described later.

Likewise, in the region of the projection on the outside of the bag self-adhesive areas may be present, which are deactivated in the initial state, ie in the transport state, preferably by means of a removable, non-adhesive on its outside cover.

Another design of the bag is that the upper end of the bag is formed by a dimensionally stable end plate which fits horizontally into the container, and in which a passage opening for filling and removal of the material is formed. This through-opening is preferably larger than the filling tube used for filling in order to be able to insert it and / or preferably about the same size as the through-opening in a pressing plate which is placed on the surface of the bag for emptying.

At this upper, dimensionally stable end plate closes down the bag-like part of the inliner by an open-top bag of turn flexible material is circumferentially tightly attached to the upper end plate.

Such a bag is preferably filled to the through hole in the end plate during filling, and / or then this passage opening is sealed for transport, for example by a glued over the passage opening lid, the circumferentially sealed on top of the end plate to the through hole is glued around with this.

Regardless of the design and design of the bag, the filling located therein usually does not extend to the top of the container, but ends below.

In the case of an existing supernatant of the bag on the filling of this supernatant is usually folded and placed flat on the top of the bag part surrounding the filling.

According to the invention, however, the remaining space between the closed inliner and the upper edge of the container is filled with a filler before placing the lid, which is placed in the container and on the bag before placing the lid.

This filling body is preferably made of an elastic material, for example a foam, preferably a closed-cell foam, and the filler preferably has an excess, especially in the longitudinal direction of the container, compared to the remaining space in the container above the filled bag.

In this way, the filler is after putting on and securing the lid under tension, and the space in the container is completely filled.

This prevents a strong movement of the filled container, in particular tipping or rolling, that the material in the bag is strongly mixed while cavities in including, in particular air pockets, if there was air in the closed bag.

With regard to the method of handling and emptying of such a generic, filled with a pasty material container by placing and pressing a press plate with a through hole and a connected delivery line, this object is achieved in that after removal of the lid and optionally removing the filler for the purpose the emptying of the container of the bags is handled in a specific way:

Either the bag has the described stable upper end plate, which preferably largely fills the cross section of the container. Then, the cover opening tightly covering the bag opening in the end plate only has to be removed, preferably the cover designed in the form of a cover only to be pulled off upwards.

If the bag has a tubular, upper, closed end which is made entirely of the same flexible material and in particular does not have a stable upper end plate, the upper end of the bag is opened by cutting off the part closing the bag.

The cut is made at such a height above the surface of the material therein that the remaining supernatant after longitudinal cutting, that is usually vertical, is less than 45%, better still less than 40% of the inside diameter of the container but greater than 10%, better than 20% of the inside diameter.

After all, the container should then be emptied by inserting from above a pressing plate into the upper end of the container, the outer diameter of which rests tightly against the inner circumference of the container. The press plate has a passage opening, preferably exactly in the middle, and to this is leading away upwardly leading a delivery line for discharging the material.

By pressing down the press plate against the surface of the material, the material is pushed up through the through hole of the press plate into the feed line.

In order to produce no air pockets in the material, the space between the pressure plate and the surface of the material is largely evacuated, preferably evacuated the environment of the container and the press ram before it enters the container as far as possible.

For this emptying by means of a pressure plate of the inwardly on the surface of the material before putting the press plate folded over the bag is very conducive because less easily passes through the relatively large, flat seal between the top of the folded overhang of the bag and the bottom of the press plate Material through the sealing point between the inner circumference of the container and the outer circumference of the press plate and does not pollute them.

However, the problem is that the evacuation is usually done before the press plate is inserted into the container, and even if this happens later, it is essential that between the already partially folded overhang and the surface of the material during evacuation or Applying negative pressure no air can remain.

Since depending on the elasticity of the material of the bag, the supernatant falls after cutting off the closed end in the direction of the interior of the container and partially rests on the surface of the material during evacuation, this may be possible and can be reliably prevented only by further measures:

One measure is that by means of the self-adhesive areas - after the cover is removed - the wall portions of the supernatant are folded obliquely towards the center and the supernatant to be folded for this - which is necessary to form a truncated cone - by means of self-adhesive areas together can be glued so that there is a sufficiently stable cone with opening at the highest point, which remains standing until the evacuation is carried out, and without areas of the supernatant lie flat on top of the material.

Another possibility of improved evacuation and sealing is a ring placed around the supernatant:

The free end of the supernatant can - even if no such ring is present - punctiform, but preferably not circumferential, be adhered to the underside of the press plate, for example by light bonding.

As long as the pressure plate is still at a distance above the surface of the material - and in this position, regardless of whether the pressure plate is already in the container or not yet - usually the evacuation is performed.

Even if the evacuation is done from outside the press plate, it can only be punctually and not over the entire circumference Successful attachment of the free edge of the bag to the pressure plate through the areas between air are also sucked from the interior of the bag, and the contact of the supernatant on the top of the container is prevented by the press plate still a sufficient distance from the surface of the material in the container owns, which can protrude the supernatant at least obliquely upwards.

Due to the ring threaded onto the supernatant, after the pressing plate has been lowered to the surface of the material, the supernatant, viewed in longitudinal section, extends radially inwardly from the inside of the wall of the container through the opening of the ring and from there again radially outward to the attachment point of the free end of the supernatant on the pressure plate. If such a fixation was not performed and the flipping was performed around the ring before placing the press plate, the supernatant extends radially outward, corresponding to the remaining length of the supernatant.

In any event, the length of the overhang should be such that it is less than twice the radial distance from the inside of the wall of the container to the opening in the ring.

To avoid voids or even air pockets in the interior of the material during transport of the filled container, the container is pivoted or rotated by a moving device about its longitudinal axis and / or at least one transverse axis before opening and emptying, preferably in the form of a tumbling motion, in the pivoting or rotating about the longitudinal axis and pivoting or rotating about the transverse axis simultaneously and superimposing one another. This can be done, for example, with a Röhnrad mixer or a tumble mixer.

This pivoting or rotation of the container is preferably carried out so long that it can be assumed that sufficient mixing of the material prior to emptying of the container, which of course depends on the viscosity and other properties of the material received therein, but which are known in the rule.

In particular, this pivoting or rotation of the container not only take place shortly before emptying, but already during the transport of the container by means of appropriate devices that are activated permanently or only temporarily and rotate or pivot the container.

This may be a drivable conveyor belt, on which rest the barrel-shaped, cylindrical container with its lateral surface, with its longitudinal axis transverse to the transport direction of the conveyor belt, and held by retainers between the barrels at the unchanged longitudinal position of the conveyor belt. By passing through the conveyor belt, the containers are rotated on the spot in rotation.

The containers can also rest with their lateral surfaces on two spaced parallel bearing rollers whose distance is less than the diameter of the barrel, so that by driving at least one of the bearing rollers also the container can be rotated.

By a plurality of juxtaposed pairs of such transport rollers, which can be driven together, a relatively large number of containers can be rotated simultaneously.

Preferably, the containers are thereby made obliquely with their longitudinal direction, ie the conveyor belt or the storage rollers transversely to its promotion inclined to effect mixing in the longitudinal direction of the barrel inside.

Another possibility is, upright transported containers that were transported normally with the lid up, 180 degrees about one of their transverse axes rotated before emptying for a while off, so then put on the lid.

list of figures

• 1a - d: das Füllen und Verschließen eines Fasses mit Inliner,
• 2: ein verschlossenes, gefülltes Fass mit Inliner,
• 3a, b: das Füllen und Verschließen eines Fasses, bei dem der Inliner eine obere Abschlussplatte besitzt,
• 5a, b: das Vorbereiten des Überstandes eines geöffneten, gefüllten Inliners,
• 4a - d: das Aufsetzen einer Pressplatte auf einem Inliner mit Abschlussplatte,
• 6a - c: das Aufsetzen einer Pressplatte auf einen Inliner mit Ring am Überstand,
• 7a, b: Bewegungsvorrichtungen für Fässer.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it

• 1a - d : filling and closing a barrel with inliner,
• 2 : a closed, filled barrel with inliner,
• 3a, b : the filling and closing of a drum where the inliner has an upper end plate,
• 5a, b : preparing the supernatant of an open, filled inliner,
• 4a - d : placing a press plate on an inliner with end plate,
• 6a - c : placing a press plate on an inliner with ring on the supernatant,
• 7a, b : Moving devices for barrels.

1a shows first the initial state of a cross-section cylindrical barrel 1 with a level bottom 1b and an upper open end 1a holding the barrel opening 3 forms. The barrel 1 has a round inner cross section and a round outer cross section, in the longitudinal direction 10 , The symmetry axis of the wall, which is perpendicular to the bottom 1b, over the entire length has a constant inner cross-section, then a press plate can be moved close fitting down.

The inside of the barrel 1 is with a bag 2 lined, which is big enough that it is on the insides of the wall of the barrel 1 can abut and also on the ground 1b without tearing in the filled state.

This bag 2 , which consists of thin elastic material such as a plastic film, is longitudinal 10 longer than the barrel 1 and thus stands with a supernatant 15 ' upwards over the upper front side 1a of the barrel 1 , That in the barrel 1 Material to be recorded 50 is usually introduced by a filling tube 51 above the barrel opening 3 and thus also the bag kept open in this area 2 - Can be attached to the outer circumference of the filling tube with its free end - in the interior of the bag 2 inflows until the desired amount in the bag 2 and therefore in the barrel 1 is reached. Then the viscous or higher pasty material forms an upper side 50a because it is usually still self-leveling.

After completing the filling and if necessary removing the filling tube 51 becomes the still open upper edge area of the supernatant 15 of the bag 2 tightly closed, for example, by driving horizontally against each other two hot-sealed jaws 52 showing the layers of the plastic bag 2 weld tightly together and seal.

However, in some cases the closing is not 100% tight if, for example, instead of sealing only a constriction of the supernatant 15 of the bag 2 with a cable tie, tape or the like is performed.

However, preferred is the tight closure of the bag 2 which also opens up the possibility of applying vacuum to the interior of the bag prior to sealing, ie to evacuate as far as possible, which is not only useful for materials which are not allowed to come into contact with air, since otherwise their consistency or their properties change:

The removal of air from the bag 2 Also prevents it from moving when moving the barrel 1 and thus the material contained therein 50 Air pockets can form, resulting in the subsequent removal and consumption of the material 50 very detrimental effect.

The size of the barrel 1 is to be accommodated therein amount of material 50 usually chosen to have a surface 50a the material forms, the well below the upper, still open front 1a of the barrel 1 lies, and in between a free space 17 remains in the according to 1b the tightly closed supernatant 15 of the bag 2 can be folded before the lid 4 close to the barrel opening 3 is put on.

Up to this point, the process is known in the art.

In the 1c and 1d is alternatively shown that from the free end of the supernatant 15 of the bag 2 over the top 50a here is a ring 8th on this supernatant 15 can be postponed, the outer diameter and even more its inner diameter only a fraction of the inner diameter of the barrel 1 is. The ring 8th can be before the tight closing of the bag 2 or postponed after, or even after reopening the barrel for the purpose of emptying. The purpose of the ring 8th will be explained later.

According to 2 is proposed according to the invention that before placing the lid 4 an elastic packing 7 is used, the free space 17 as far as possible or opposite to the free space 17 even has excess and needs to be compressed in order to be incorporated therein.

The filler 7 For example, it consists of a foam with depending on the material 50 selectable hardness, preferably a closed-cell foam.

If necessary, the filler can 7 also consist of non-elastic material and thus a rigid packing 7 be.

This pushes the supernatant 15 of the bag 2 down against the top 50a of the material 50 and holds all the material 50 inside the barrel 1 in position and prevents sloshing or flowing inside the barrel 1 ,

In the 3a and 3b is another form of the bag 2 as inliner in the barrel 1 used:

This bag has a dimensionally stable upper end plate 6 which is roughly horizontal in barrel 1 should be arranged and has an outer circumference, which is the inner cross section of the barrel 1 largely completed. This top end plate 6 has a central opening as a bag opening 5 , and at the bottom or outer edges of the top end plate 6 is the actual bag 2 made of flexible material, such as foil, tightly fastened and hangs down from this baggy, again large enough to stick to the inner circumference and the bottom of the barrel 1 to create.

3a shows how such a bag 2 through the bag opening 5 in the end plate 6 is filled with material 50 eg by placing a filling tube 51 on the top of the end plate 6 , so that the free lower opening of the filling tube 51 with the bag opening 5 flees. For this purpose, the top of the end plate 6 and thus the entire bag 2 due to low adhesion forces on the free lower face of the filling tube 51 be attached and the bag 2 also with the help of the filling tube 51 in the barrel 1 be lowered into it.

In this way it is ensured that through the filling tube 51 supplied material completely inside the bag 2 and not on the top of the end plate 6 , As 3a shows, in this way the bag 2 as completely filled, namely to the bottom of the end plate 6 , so in particular the bag 2 dimensioned according to the desired filling quantity.

To close the barrel 1 , so for the transport condition, must first the bag opening 5 in the end plate 6 be closed. This is done for example by sticking or even pressing a cover 13 ,

This can be a the bag opening 5 overlapping and around this bag opening 5 around tightly glued lid made of sturdy material, or only a film of plastic or aluminum, which then - preferably after previously done evacuation of the inner, still existing air space in the bag 2 - is glued on.

As 3b shows, then turn the described packing 7 in the living room 17 above the filled bag 2 inserted or pressed in before the lid 4 is tightly attached to the material 50 inside the barrel 1 to hold in position.

If the filler body 7 sufficiently large and in particular elastic, presses the filler 7 also the upper end plate 6 so far down that they are on the top 50a in the bag 2 located material 50 rests, if this has not already been achieved by the correspondingly complete filling.

If especially in the longitudinal direction 10 the packing 7 sufficient preload due to excess over the clearance 17 owns, the filler can 7 even as a cover 13 for the bag opening 5 in the cover plate 6 function, and / or at the bottom of the filler 7 can have a separate cover 13 be attached in the form of the mentioned, for example, plastic film, which then preferably has a self-adhesive bottom, so that they when closing the lid 4 against the top of the cover plate 6 is pressed and sealed with this all around the bag opening 5 tight.

Depending on which of the designs described above has the bag 2, the following procedure is used for the subsequent opening for emptying, which may also involve removal of the air from the air space of the keg before placement of the press plate:

4a, b shows the procedure for a bag with upper, dimensionally stable end plate 6 :

After removing the lid 4 and optionally removing the packing 7 becomes the bag 2 opened by the cover 13 , here a foil lid, from the bag opening 5 is removed before the inside of the barrel 1 subjected to negative pressure, so evacuated, and from above the press plate 200 into the inside of the barrel 1 is lowered.

This ensures that not only the free space 17 in the barrel 1 is evacuated, but also possibly still in the bag 2 existing air spaces between the surface 50a of the material 50 and optionally the underside of the end plate 6 , because the upper edge of the bag 2 As a rule, this is sufficiently low elastic that the sinking of the end plate 6 on the surface 50a of the material 50 including air in the marginal areas between material 50 and bags 2 is prevented.

As 4b shows, after evacuation, only the press plate 2 - The outer circumference tight in the inner cross section of the barrel 1 fits and at its central passage opening 201 the support line 202 is connected - lowered to the top of the end plate 6 as well as these are further pressed down, reducing the material 50 , which is not compressible, in the desired amount and speed - controlled by the lowering speed of the press plate 200 - in the promotion line 202 and thus promoted to the consumer.

If the bag used 2 - as in the 1a - d shown - no upper end plate 6 has, but the flexible, tubular bag material to the upper bag opening 5 and thus the top edge of the bag 2 goes through, the danger is much greater, that after cutting off the upper, tightly closed end of the bag 2 the remaining supernatant 15 of the bag 2 inside on the surface 50a of the material 50 sinks while between the on the surface 50a overlying supernatant 15 of the bag 2 and the surface 50a of the material 50 Air pockets are formed in this position of the supernatant 15 also when applying the free space 17 above the bag 2 With vacuum, the air can not be removed.

On the other hand, the supernatant 15 even before applying vacuum to the middle of the barrel 1 be at least partially transferred, because then yes - without reopening and changing the position of the supernatant 15 - the press plate 2 from the top into the barrel 1 be introduced and then the supernatant 15 press down and onto the surface 50a of the material 50 press and undefined between the bottom of the press plate 200 and the surface 50a of the material 50 fold together, which may be a poor seal between pouches 2 and press plate 2 would effect.

The 5a - d show a better way:

For this purpose are on the outside of the bag 2 in the height range of the free space 17 and / or over the barrel 1 In addition projecting supernatant 15 ' at least formed areas that are self-adhesive, for example, in 5b shown, in the longitudinal direction 10 running and over the circumference of the bag 2 spaced strip-shaped self-adhesive area 9 ,

In 5a is the bag 2 shown in the already open state, so after cutting or opening the tightly closed supernatant of the bag 2 as in 5a shown.

These self-adhesive areas 9 are for the time being deactivated, for example, by a cover foil glued over it, which is easy to peel off and is not self adhesive on the outside.

This in 5b again widened to the tubular or tubular contour upper end 2a of the hose 2 , In particular, the supernatant 15 or 15 ', is now or already truncated on the first cut to such a length that after folding the supernatant 15 on the surface 50a of the material 50 radially inward of the free-ending edge 2a only so far radially inward in the barrel 1 enough that still one removal opening 20 in the surrounded edge 2a of the bag 2 would remain, which is larger than the passage opening 201 the subsequently aufzusetzenden press plate 200 ,

After this preparation of the correct length of the supernatant 15 - such as in 5a already drawn for the first opening cut - are in the unfolded position of the supernatant 15 according to Figure 5b or even before the opening of the closed end of the bag 2 , as in 5a shown, the covers of the self-adhesive areas 9 removed and the individual, partly superimposed layers of the conical upwardly extending supernatant 15 of the bag 2 glued together, so after shortening the supernatant 15 on the previously described length results in a truncated cone as in 5c shown from above, in which the self-adhesive areas 9 the partially superimposed layers of the bag 2 in the area of the supernatant 15 Stabilize this truncated cone and prevent its collapse to the center down, as in the side view of 5d shown.

In this condition, it is now possible to apply the negative pressure both to the interior of the bag 2 as well as the air space above it before putting on the press plate 200 be carried out without the risk of air pockets inside the bag or outside the bag.

The 6a - c show another way how this can be prevented:

For this purpose, the supernatant extends 15 of the bag 2 through a ring 8th through whose inner diameter is equal to or slightly larger than the passage opening 201 through the aufzusetzende press plate 200 to which, of course, the support line 202 connected.

This ring 8th should cause the supernatant 15 of the flexible bag material from the edge of the surface 50a of the material 15 out to the inner diameter of the ring 6 - Can be postponed before closing the bag or after closing the bag or only after opening the bag on this or in the bag 2 can be incorporated - extend obliquely upwards and not on the surface 50a rests and thus the risk of air pockets.

In addition, the purpose of this ring exists 8th in that the further supernatant 15 to the free edge 2a of the bag from the ring 8th extends radially outward again, resulting in the subsequent placement of the press plate 200 - as in 6b shown - two layers of bag material between most of the press plate 200 and the material 50 and thus gives a very good seal.

The ring 8th can also be in the bag 2 already incorporated, provided that its opening large enough for filling the bag 2 is.

For the desired purpose, it is of course necessary that the ring 8th even not on the surface 50a decreases before the evacuation of the air space in the bag is completed.

This can be achieved by the free edge 2a of the bag 2 at the bottom of the press plate 200 is attached, for example, the edge 2a with its inside at the bottom of the press plate 200 is glued.

However, this may not be circumferentially tight, but only selectively at a few points, for example, only at two to four opposite locations with respect to the longitudinal direction 10 , so one outside the press plate 200 and the barrel 1 taking negative pressure through the areas between the attachment points between bags 2 and press plate 200 through air from inside the bag 2 can suck.

When this vacuum application is completed or during which the pressure plate can 200 in the barrel 1 be driven down until it reaches the surface 50a of the material 50 reached, and thus the two areas of the supernatant 15 of the bag 2 in two layers, namely below and above the ring 8th Press each other and then press down on the press plate 200 for emptying the barrel 1 also the edge area between the press plate 200 and the inner circumference of the barrel 1 reliably pushing material through 50 prevent.

The 7a, b show motor devices 100 to demix the components of the material 50 inside of barrels 1 during transport or to reverse this mixture as far as possible after transport and to effect a thorough mixing:

In the movement device of 7a lie the filled barrels 1 - on one end with a lid 4 are sealed on the upper strand of a driven conveyor belt 101 up, in such a way that the barrels 1 with its lateral surface on the conveyor belt 1 rest with their longitudinal direction, ie with a generatrix of the circumference, transverse to the conveying direction 102 of the conveyor belt 101 ,

The barrels 1 However, they are on the conveyor belt 101 not transported in the conveying direction 102, because they are prevented by each barrel in the conveying direction 102 upstream retention element 103 , which is here plate-shaped, and transporting the respective barrel 1 in the conveying direction 102 prevents but instead causes the barrel 1, adjacent to the retaining element 103 when moving the conveyor belt 101 in the conveying direction 102 only on the spot around its longitudinal direction 1 rotates.

This will be the content, the material 50 in the barrel 1 , mixed.

The retaining elements 103 , which are here plate-shaped but can also have a different shape, are not on the upper strand 101 of the conveyor belt 101 but only need to be in the middle of the diameter of the barrel 1 - measured in height - may be present and, for example, from a common rear wall behind the conveyor belt 101 out to the front between the barrels 1 abstreben.

Preferably, the conveyor belt 101 transverse to its conveying direction 102 slightly inclined backwards towards the wall, from which the retaining elements 103 strive forward so the barrels 1 for example, abut against this wall and inclined obliquely downwards, which is the mixing of the material inside the barrels 1 additionally promotes.

In the solution according to 7b on the other hand, there is every barrel - again with its longitudinal direction 1 approximately horizontally or slightly obliquely aligned to the ground - on each a pair of also with its axis of rotation parallel to the longitudinal direction 10 of the barrel 1 aligned transport rollers 104 on, whose free distance is less than the diameter of the barrel 1 ,

The transport wheels 104 are rotatable, so that by rotating drive of the transport rollers, the barrel lying on it 1 turn into the desired rotation for the purpose of mixing the material 50 can be brought.

The transport rollers can do this 104 be so large that on a transport role 2 two parallel juxtaposed barrels lie on different sides, a transport role 104 in the driven state so also two to their adjacent barrels 1 can drive.

In this case, there are four barrels next to each other 1 shown on a total of five transport rollers 104 in this way, these transport wheels 104 from one over all transport wheels 104 For example, on the front side, ie in front of the front of the barrels 1 , continuous drive belt 105 can be rotated by means of a common motor.

Since all transport roles 104 require the same direction of rotation, are all juxtaposed transport rollers 104 from the drive belt 105 powered by a motor.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Container, barrel

1a

front

1b

ground

2

bag

2a

edge

3

barrel opening

4

cover

5

bag opening

6

End plate

7

packing

8th

ring

9

self-adhesive area

10

Longitudinal direction, axial direction

10 '

longitudinal axis

11

transversely

11 '

transverse axis

12

Internal cross-section

13

cover

14

Inner diameter

15, 15 '

Got over

16

conveyor belt

17

free space

18

attack

19

Lagerungsrolle

20

removal opening

50

material

50a

surface

51

filling pipe

52

Heat-sealing jaw

100

mover

101

conveyor belt

102

conveying direction

103

restrainer

104

transport roller

105

drive belts

200

press plate

201

Through opening

202

delivery line

Claims (17)

A method for handling and emptying a container, ie drum (1), which is filled with material (50) that in a on the inner sides of the bottom and the wall of the container (1), tightly sealed at its upper opening, bag (2) by - the container (1) is emptied by pressing a press plate (200) from its open end face (1a) on the material (50) and - thereby squeezing the material (50) through the through hole (201) Pressing plate (200) in a connected conveyor line (202), characterized in that for emptying after removal of the lid (4) and optionally removing the filling body (7) of the bag (2) is opened by - either in an existing end plate (6 ), to which the bag (2) closes tightly at the bottom, the cover (13) is removed from the bag opening (5) formed in the end plate (6), or - if the end plate (6) is missing, the closed one 2) is opened, and the supernatant (15) is cut across the surface (50a) of the material (50) to a length above the surface (50a) of the material (50) which is less than 45 %, better 40% of the inner diameter of the container (1), but greater than 10%, better than 20%, of the inner diameter of the container (1), - or in the presence of a ring (8) around the closed projection (15) of in the longitudinal direction of the tube everywhere about the same circumference having bag (2), on the ring (8) projecting part of the supernatant (15) is shortened to such a distance from the ring (8), which is less than the radial distance between the Ring (8) and the surrounding wall of the container (1) before the press plate (200) is inserted into the container (1). Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in the presence of self-adhesive areas (9) on the supernatant (15) of the bag (2) after opening the bag (2) whose cover removed and the upper edge regions of the bag (2) placed obliquely inwards and so superimposed and are mutually glued together, that the supernatant of the bag (2) results in an obliquely upwardly projecting cone with an opening at the highest point. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (1) before opening and emptying by means of a moving device (100) about its longitudinal axis (10 ') and / or about at least one transverse axis (11') pivoted or rotated. Method according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the pivoting or turning about its longitudinal axis (10 ') and about at least one transverse axis (11') is performed and results in a wobbling motion. Method according to one of Claims 3 or 4 , characterized in that the pivoting or turning of the container (1) takes place as long as - can be assumed - depending on the known properties of the material contained therein (50) - from a sufficient mixing of the material (50). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filled containers (1) are stored lying before opening and about their then horizontal longitudinal axis (10 ') are rotated by - either on a conveyor belt driven in the conveying direction (16) in the conveying direction by stops (18) are held in position and the conveyor belt (16) is driven continuously or over limited periods of time, - or the container (1) lie with its horizontal longitudinal axis (10 ') on two storage rollers (19) with a horizontal distance whose distance is less than the diameter of the container (1) and of which at least one storage roller (19), in particular per container (1), is driven. Method according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the conveyor belt (16) and / or the storage rollers (19) are inclined transversely to its conveying direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filled containers (1) are pivoted from an upright state with the lid (4) facing upwards, tightly fitted, by 180 degrees and over defined periods of time with the lid (4) pointing downwards the lid (4) are turned off. Container (1) for receiving higher pasty material (50), which - in the longitudinal direction (10) over the entire length, in the upright container, the height, constant or from the top toward the bottom decreasing inner cross-section (12) has - an end face (1a) has a barrel opening (3) extending over the entire inner cross section (12), wherein - the barrel opening (3) can be sealed tightly by a cover (4), - a bag (2) is provided in the container (1) for receiving the material (50) of flexible, for the material (50) impermeable, bag material is arranged, - the bag (2) is so large that it on the inner sides of the wall and the bottom (1b) of the container (1) can lie and - the bag (2) in the barrel opening (3) facing side in the unfilled state has a bag opening (5), which is sealed in the filled transport state, characterized in that the bag (2) in the longitudinal direction (10) of the smart It has the same size everywhere. Container (1) after Claim 9 , characterized in that the container (1) viewed in the longitudinal direction (10) has a round inner cross-section (12). Container (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 9 to 10 , characterized in that the free end of the bag (2) is glued or welded airtight. Container (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 11 , characterized in that on the projection (15) of the bag (2) over the surface of the material (50) a ring (8) around the bag (2) is arranged around or in the bag (2) is incorporated, whose inner diameter between 3 % and 50%, better between 5% and 20% of the inner diameter (14) of the container (1) is. Container (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 12 , characterized in that in the region of the supernatant (15) of the bag (2) on the filling of material (50) on the outside of the bag (2) self-adhesive areas (9) are present, which in the initial state by a removable cover (13 ) are disabled. Container (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 13 , characterized in that the bag (2) on its upper side a dimensionally stable end plate (6) which substantially completely fills the entire cross section (12) of the container (1), and from the edge regions of the bag (2) made of flexible material then hangs down tightly against the end plate (6), wherein in the end plate (6) there is a passage opening as a bag opening (5), Container (1) after Claim 14 , characterized in that the passage opening in the filled state of the bag (2) is sealed by a glued over lid (16), which is preferably attached to a filling body (7). Container (1) according to one of Claims 9 to 15 , characterized in that in the filled container, the free space (17) between the underside of the lid (4) and the top of the closed bag (2) a filler (7) as completely as possible fills the space (17). Container (1) after Claim 16 , characterized in that the filling body (7) consists of elastic material.

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