DE102016012491A1 - PV Shutter - Google Patents

Abstract

A photovoltaic module (P), wherein the photovoltaic module (P) comprises a front side and a back side, wherein the photovoltaic module (P) is adapted to be integrated into a shutter (F), wherein the photovoltaic module (P) is suitable, on its Front side incident light to generate electricity, is suitable for generating electricity from its light incident on its back.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a photovoltaic module according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a shutter and a method according to the independent claims.

State of the art

Photovoltaic modules are used today in many places. One possible site for photovoltaic systems is building facades, which is also referred to as BIPV applications, where BIPV stands for "building-integrated photovoltaics".

Such BIPV applications do not necessarily mean that the photovoltaic modules used produce electric current as efficiently as possible. Rather, in the integration of photovoltaic modules in building facades also aesthetic aspects play a crucial role in the approval of construction projects.

In this context, there is, inter alia, a need for photovoltaic modules, which can be integrated into the building facade, without being recognized as such at first glance, and / or without the structural character of the building in question is too changed.

It is already known from the prior art to integrate photovoltaic modules in shutters. For example, the DE 60 2004 006 316 T2 Shutter wings in which photovoltaic modules are integrated. The construction disclosed there, however, has the disadvantage that it consists of a large number of components, is constructed in a generally complicated manner, and moreover is not suitable for permanent power generation, but rather for the temporary drive of the shutter.

Object of the invention

It is the object of the invention to eliminate or at least mitigate the disadvantages of the aforementioned prior art. In particular, it is the object of the invention to provide a way to integrate photovoltaic modules in building facades, through which the structural character of the building in question is changed as little as possible, and by which a permanent power production is possible.

Solution of the task

The object is achieved by a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a front and a back, wherein the photovoltaic module is adapted to be integrated into a shutter, wherein the photovoltaic module is adapted to generate electricity from light incident on its front, and wherein the Photovoltaic module is adapted to generate electricity from its incident on its backside.

The solution of the problem is based on the following multi-level knowledge: Shutters, in particular pivotable about a vertical axis wing shops, which are typically located right and left of the windows of buildings, typically contribute a considerable part to the structural character of a building and thus both in existing buildings as well New buildings are commonly available. These shutters are often exposed to strong sunlight and are therefore suitable in principle as installation location for photovoltaic modules. Shutters are particularly well suited as installation locations for photovoltaic modules, as they are often present anyway and can therefore be used ideally as a basis for photovoltaic modules, without changing the appearance of the building too much. In contrast, the appearance of photovoltaic modules, which are integrated into the facade itself, changed significantly stronger. However, in order to ensure electricity production in photovoltaic modules integrated in shutters, the photovoltaic modules must be able to generate power both when the shutters are open and when the shutters are closed. A photovoltaic module according to the invention, which can be integrated in particular in a shutter and can generate current from light incident on the front side as well as from light incident from the rear, thus solves the problem mentioned at the outset.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module comprises a solar cell, wherein the solar cell is advantageously a bifacial solar cell. Preferably, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of bifacial solar cells. The advantage of using bifacial solar cells is that the complexity of the photovoltaic module can be greatly reduced because one and the same solar cell can be used to produce electricity both when the shutter is open and closed. Alternatively, however, it is also possible to use a module with solar cells, which are aligned to different sides.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module is at least partially translucent. This has the advantage that even with the shutter closed still a certain amount of residual light penetrates into the building. In fact, typical shutters often include an insert Striving through which just a certain amount of residual light is allowed to pass. An at least partially translucent - or in other words semitransparent - photovoltaic module thus has the advantage that this typical shutter functionality is maintained.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module is colored, wherein preferably the front side and / or the rear side is or are colored, wherein the front side and the rear side are preferably substantially the same color. Such a photovoltaic module has the advantage that it is particularly well adaptable to an existing building facade and / or to an existing or desired type of shutter. In typical embodiments, the front side and / or the back side for this purpose comprises a color layer, for example a green, blue, red, yellow, white or black color layer. The ink layer is preferably at least partially translucent. However, it is also possible that the photovoltaic module is not colored but transparent, for example.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module comprises a light source, preferably an LED, preferably a plurality of LEDs.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module comprises a battery.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module comprises a lightning and / or overvoltage protection.

In advantageous embodiments, the photovoltaic module is suitable for wireless and / or contactless energy transmission.

A shutter according to the invention comprises a photovoltaic module according to the invention. In this case, the shutter is preferably a wing store, which is preferably suitable to be pivoted about a vertical axis, preferably by 180 degrees.

In advantageous embodiments, the shutter comprises a first frame, preferably a metal frame, which surrounds the photovoltaic module and / or the shutter comprises a second frame, preferably a wooden frame, which surrounds the photovoltaic module. In advantageous embodiments, the first frame and / or the second frame is so wide that a surface of the photovoltaic module is at most 80%, advantageously at most 65%, advantageously at most 50% of an area of the entire shutter. A photovoltaic module, which is thus surrounded by a frame and thus is significantly smaller than the entire shutter, has the advantage that it is relatively easy. In particular, a shutter, which is filled, for example, only 65% of a novel photovoltaic module, much lighter than a shutter in which z. B. 95% of its area is filled by a novel photovoltaic module. This lower weight is advantageous because such a relatively light shutter can be better integrated into an existing building facade, as a heavier, because the risk of breaking out of existing hinges from the building facade is minimized. However, it is also possible that the surface of the photovoltaic module substantially corresponds to the area of the shutter and / or that the shutter is frameless.

In advantageous embodiments, the shutter comprises a light source and / or a battery. The light source typically comprises one LED, preferably several LEDs. In general, a light source in the shutter has the advantage that a space arranged behind the closed shutter can be supplied with power by the light source when the shutter is closed. The light source is typically arranged at the shutter so that it is suitable when the shutter is closed, to provide a room at the window of the shutter is provided with light. A battery has the advantage that at least part of the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module can be temporarily stored in the shutter itself. This battery can then z. B. be used to operate the light source. However, neither a light source nor a battery are mandatory. Rather, it is also possible to easily connect the photovoltaic module to a building electricity network.

In advantageous embodiments, the shutter comprises a lightning and / or overvoltage protection. For this purpose, the shutter typically comprises at least one surge arrester and / or a varistor and / or a thyristor. Lightning and / or overvoltage protection has the advantage that damage to the photovoltaic module as a result of direct and especially indirect lightning strikes can be avoided. As indirect lightning strikes here currents and voltages are referred to, which are induced as a result of near lightning currents in the photovoltaic module. Such near lightning currents can flow, for example, by external lightning conductors on the facade or by gutters in the immediate vicinity of the shutters.

In advantageous embodiments, the shutter is suitable for wirelessly and / or contactlessly transferring energy to a building power network. In typical embodiments, the Shutter for this purpose, a sliding contact, which is advantageously suitable to interact electrically with a suspension of the shutter and / or the shutter comprises a device for contactless energy transfer, for example, an inductive energy transfer device. This has the advantage that no cabling is necessary. Alternatively, however, cables can be used.

In a method according to the invention for renovating a building, an inventive photovoltaic module is inserted into an existing shutter and / or the existing shutter is replaced by a shutter according to the invention.

list of figures

• 1: eine schematische Frontansicht eines herkömmlichen Fensterladens,
• 2: eine schematische Frontansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Fensterladens,
• 3: eine schematische Frontansicht eines weiteren erfindungsgemässen Fensterladens, und
• 4: eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Photovoltaikmoduls.

The invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of drawings, in which:

• 1 : a schematic front view of a conventional shutter,
• 2 FIG. 2: a schematic front view of a window shutter according to the invention, FIG.
• 3 a schematic front view of another inventive shutter, and
• 4 : A schematic sectional view of a photovoltaic module according to the invention.

Description of preferred embodiments

1 shows a schematic front view of a conventional shutter L , The shutter L includes a frame 1 which is typically made of wood, and an inner part 2 which comprises a plurality of strips. By unspecified spaces between these strips light can pass. By means of two fasteners 3 (eg hinges) can be the shutter L attached to a building facade.

2 shows a schematic front view of a shutter according to the invention F , The shutter F is in the 1 Shutter shown L very similar, but is in the shutter F the interior 2 by a photovoltaic module according to the invention P been replaced. This photovoltaic module P includes a plurality of solar cells 4 , These solar cells 4 are bifacial solar cells, which are both light, which from the viewer's view of the photovoltaic module P falls, as well as light, which from the Bertachter side facing away from the shutter F on the photovoltaic module P falls into electrical current. The photovoltaic module P has an area which is approximately 52% of a total area of the shutter F equivalent.

3 shows a schematic front view of another inventive shutter F , The in 3 Shutter shown F is essentially the same as in 2 shutter shown F but includes the shutter F in 3 no wide wooden frame 1 but only a narrow metal frame 1 , The area of the photovoltaic module P is almost as big as the total area of the shutter F in other words: the photovoltaic module P fills the shutter F almost entirely, namely down to the narrow, preferably at most 5 cm wide metal frame 1 , which is the photovoltaic module P surrounds.

4 shows a schematic sectional view of a photovoltaic module according to the invention P , The photovoltaic module P comprises in its center a plurality of bifacial solar cells 4 , Between the bifacial solar cells 4 are gaps 5 arranged so that the photovoltaic module P at least partially translucent. The solar cells 4 are between a first melting film 7.1 and a second melt film 7.2 embedded. On a front side of the photovoltaic module P is a first glass pane 6.1 arranged, and on a back of the photovoltaic module P is a second glass pane 6.2 arranged. The first glass pane 6.1 includes on its back - so its the first enamel foil 7.1 facing side - a first colored print 8.1 , The front of the photovoltaic module P thus appears colored to a viewer - in other words: the front of the photovoltaic module P is colored. Analogously, the second glass pane comprises 6.2 of the photovoltaic module P a second colored print 8.2 , The colored imprints 8.1 . 8.2 are in 4 represented by small horizontal lines. The colored imprints 8.1 and 8.2 can be the same color or different colors. This in 4 shown photovoltaic module P is capable of generating electric current from light incident on its front surface. Because the solar cells 4 Bifacial solar cells are, is the photovoltaic module P It is also suitable to generate electricity from light that hits its backside.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Rather, the scope of protection is determined by the claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

frame

2

inner part

3

attachment

4

solar cell

5

gap

6.1, 6.2

pane

7.1,7.2

melting foil

8.1, 8.2

Oppression

L

Conventional shutter

F

Shutter according to the invention

P

photovoltaic module

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 602004006316 T2 [0005]

Claims (10)

Photovoltaic module (P), wherein the photovoltaic module (P) comprises a front and a back, wherein the photovoltaic module (P) is adapted to be integrated into a shutter (F), wherein the photovoltaic module (P) is suitable, on its front side incident light to generate electricity, characterized in that the photovoltaic module (P) is adapted to generate electricity from its incident on its backside light. Photovoltaic module (P) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the photovoltaic module (P) comprises a solar cell (4), wherein the solar cell (4) is advantageously a bifacial solar cell (4). Photovoltaic module (P) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the photovoltaic module (P) is at least partially translucent. Photovoltaic module (P) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the photovoltaic module (P) is colored, preferably the front and / or the back is colored or are, the front and the back are preferably substantially the same color. Shutter (F) comprising a photovoltaic module (P) according to one of the preceding claims. Shutter (F) to Claim 5 , characterized in that the shutter (F) comprises a first frame (1), preferably metal frame, which surrounds the photovoltaic module and / or that the shutter comprises a second frame, preferably wooden frame, which surrounds the photovoltaic module (P). Shutter (F) according to one of Claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the shutter (F) comprises a light source and / or a battery. Shutter (F) according to one of Claims 4 to 7 , characterized in that the shutter (F) comprises a lightning and / or overvoltage protection. Shutter (F) according to one of Claims 4 to 8th , characterized in that the shutter (F) is adapted to transmit wirelessly and / or contactless energy to a building electricity network. A method for renovating a building, characterized in that in an existing shutter (L) a photovoltaic module (P) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 is used and / or that the existing shutter (L) by a shutter (F) according to one of Claims 4 to 9 is replaced.

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