DE102015216357A1 - Peripheral surface processing unit, machine tool and method of operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a peripheral surface processing unit (10) for finish machining workpiece peripheral surfaces (72) eccentric to a workpiece axis (116) by means of at least one finishing tool, wherein the at least one finishing tool is held on a finishing tool holder (60) and wherein the finishing tool holder (60) Bearing unit during machining of a workpiece peripheral surface (72) along a movement path of the workpiece peripheral surface (72) is movable, wherein the peripheral surface processing unit (10) comprises an oscillation drive (48) by means of which the finishing tool holder (60) is oscillated in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis direction , The invention further relates to a machine tool and method for operating a peripheral surface processing unit (10) and a machine tool.

Description

The invention relates to a peripheral surface processing unit for finish machining workpiece peripheral surfaces eccentric to a workpiece axis by means of at least one finishing tool, wherein the at least one finishing tool is held on a finishing tool holder, and wherein the finishing tool holder is movable by a bearing unit during machining of a workpiece peripheral surface along a movement path of the workpiece peripheral surface.

Such a peripheral surface processing unit is made of EP 2 617 522 B1 known.

During finishing, a workpiece is driven in rotation by means of a rotary drive, so that the workpiece peripheral surface to be machined also rotates. This rotational movement is superimposed on a relative to the workpiece axis directed relative movement between the workpiece and the finishing belt by the workpiece is reciprocated with an oscillating drive in parallel to the workpiece axis direction. As a result, the workpiece peripheral surface is provided with a characteristic for the finishing process cross-cut structure.

The workpiece peripheral surfaces to be machined are, in particular, bearing surfaces of crankshafts or camshafts. These storage areas must be manufactured with a high dimensional accuracy. In particular, the bearing surfaces of the crankshafts or camshafts should be made so that they ensure in conjunction with the bearing surfaces of a crankcase or camshaft housing or with the bearing surfaces of a connecting rod possible backlash-free and low-friction bearings with high wing fractions.

It has been found that the setup effort for preparing the finishing machining of workpieces of a workpiece lot is relatively high. In mass production, this is acceptable; In small series, however, this leads to high costs per workpiece. Moreover, the investment cost for providing a machine tool equipped with peripheral surface processing units is relatively high, so that amortization is difficult for smaller companies with a higher degree of specialization.

Proceeding from this, the present invention has the object to provide a peripheral surface processing unit, which is particularly well suited for the finishing process of workpieces small workpiece lots.

This object is achieved in a peripheral surface processing unit of the aforementioned type according to the invention that the peripheral surface processing unit has an oscillating drive, by means of which the finishing tool holder is driven to oscillate in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis direction.

The peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention has an oscillation drive which oscillates the finish tool holder. In this way, a finishing tool cooperating with the finishing tool holder, in particular a finishing belt or a finishing stone, can be driven in an oscillating manner. Compared to a conventional oscillation drive in which the workpiece is reciprocated in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis, a relatively small and relatively compact oscillation drive can be used. In particular, it is not necessary to oscillate a whole of the headstock, workpiece and tailstock in a direction parallel to a workpiece axis.

By generating an oscillating motion on the peripheral surface processing unit itself, it can be used in conjunction with very simply constructed machine tools. These machine tools can be very compact because they only need a workpiece holder with a rotary drive.

By providing an oscillating drive which drives the finish tool holder, a workpiece to be machined can rest in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis. This also has the advantage that viewed along the workpiece axis parallel to each other staggered workpiece peripheral surfaces can be processed independently. In particular, it is also possible to simultaneously process a plurality of workpiece peripheral surfaces, if a part of the workpiece peripheral surfaces to be machined is not to be finish-machined (for example, a sealing seat of a crankshaft).

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the oscillation drive between the bearing unit and the finishing tool holder is effective. This means that the oscillation drive is arranged on the bearing unit and oscillates the finishing tool holder. In this way, during operation of the peripheral surface processing unit, only the finish tool holder and the finish tool cooperating with the finish tool holder are set in an oscillating motion. Thus, the oscillating masses can be reduced to the smallest possible degree.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the oscillation drive comprises an eccentric unit. Such an eccentric unit allows a simple translation of a rotational movement in an oscillatory motion. The rotational movement can be generated with a simple drive motor, which cooperates via a rotating shaft with the eccentric unit.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the processing unit comprises a carrier unit, on which a first bearing part of the bearing unit is displaceably mounted, wherein the first bearing part has a pivotable together with this pivot bearing, wherein on the pivot bearing a pivotable relative to the first bearing part second Bearing part of the bearing unit is mounted, wherein the oscillation drive and the finishing tool holder are arranged on the two bearing part. In this arrangement, the carrier unit forms a frame of the peripheral surface processing unit. Starting from this frame, a linear guide for a first bearing part of the bearing unit is initially provided relative to the carrier unit. On the first bearing part, a jointly with this slidable pivot bearing is provided, so that the pivotability of a second bearing part of the above-mentioned linear mobility of the first bearing part follows kinematically. This has the advantage that during the processing of a non-concentric to a workpiece axis workpiece peripheral surface, ie during processing, for example, a crank bearing a crankshaft, a distance between the finishing tool holder and the finishing tool on the one hand and the pivot axis on the other hand remains constant. In this way, the product of an oscillating frictional force between the workpiece and finishing tool and from a defined by the distance between the finishing tool and the pivot axis lever arm (ie acting on the pivot bearing bending moment) remains constant.

For a configuration of the bearing unit described above, it is preferred if a linear drive is arranged on the carrier unit, by means of which the first bearing part is displaceable along a rectilinear path. This allows positioning of the finish tool holder and a finishing tool relative to a workpiece without having to provide corresponding machine tool side positioning devices. The linear drive does not pivot during machining of a workpiece peripheral surface that is eccentric to a workpiece axis, but remains in a constant spatial position.

It is particularly preferred if the linear drive is effective as a pressing device for setting a pressing force with which presses the at least one finish train against a finish end to be machined workpiece peripheral surface. A preferred example of such a linear drive is a pneumatic cylinder. A linear drive, which is also effective as a pressing device, so can be used simultaneously as a positioning and provide a pressing force. When machining an eccentric to a workpiece axis workpiece peripheral surface allows a pneumatic cylinder and the provision of a length compensation movement.

As an alternative to the configuration described above (in which a first bearing part of the bearing unit is displaceably mounted on a carrier unit, the first bearing part has a pivot bearing which is displaceable together with the second bearing part of the bearing unit which is pivotable relative to the first bearing part on the pivot bearing ), it is possible to pivotally support the first bearing part about a pivot axis on the carrier unit, and to store a second bearing part slidably on the first bearing part. In this case, a linear drive between the first bearing part and the second bearing part is effective; the linear drive is pivoted together with the first bearing part about the pivot axis. This arrangement has the advantage that a contact force generated by the linear drive can always be introduced perpendicular to a workpiece surface to be finish-finished.

The peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention is also particularly flexible used when the finishing tool is designed as a finishing tape and when the storage unit, in particular on a second bearing part of the storage unit, a storage device for fresh finishing tape and / or a collector device for collecting spent finishing tape is or are arranged. In this way, the peripheral surface processing unit is also self-sufficient with respect to the supply of finishing tape and does not have to be matched with components of an external finishing tape management.

In the event that the finishing tool is designed as a finishing belt, it is particularly preferred if the peripheral surface processing device has a finishing belt drive which is designed as a traction drive and supplies a fresh finishing belt section to the finish tool holder by pulling on a worn finishing belt section. In this way, a particularly simple trained finishing belt drive can be provided, in which the finishing belt can be kept in a particularly simple manner "under tension".

In particular, it is advantageous if the finishing tool holder and the finishing tool are designed such that they allow the machining of workpiece peripheral surfaces with different diameters. In this way, the range of application of the peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention is further expanded. This can be used in particular to arrangements that from the EP 2 803 445 A1 or the DE 10 2014 200 445 A1 or the DE 10 2014 213 194 A1 the applicant are known.

Particularly advantageous in connection with the above-mentioned diameter-flexible finish tool holders is also an optional finish tape storage device which stores an additional portion of the finish tape when the finishing tape is out of contact with a workpiece and releases the additional portion of the finish tape when the finishing tape is in contact with the workpiece arrives. Thus, the storage device provides an additional portion of the finishing tape which is released when the finishing strip, preferably just taut prior to contact with a workpiece, conforms to the contour of a finishing tool holder.

It is particularly advantageous for the peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention, which is designed for the finishing machining of workpiece surfaces which are eccentric to a workpiece axis and has corresponding degrees of freedom of movement, optionally also for finishing machining of a workpiece peripheral surface of a workpiece concentric with a workpiece axis. This may be, for example, the main bearings of a crankshaft or a camshaft. The peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention thus provides the kinematic conditions to be able to machine eccentric workpiece peripheral surfaces to a workpiece axis, but can if necessary be used to machine concentric workpiece peripheral surfaces to a workpiece axis. In this way, the range of application of the peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention is further increased.

A separate peripheral surface processing unit, which is designed exclusively for machining concentric to a workpiece axis workpiece peripheral surfaces, so the orbital path of an eccentric workpiece peripheral surface can not follow, thus need not be kept on a machine tool. Rather, it is possible within the scope of the present invention that the above-described peripheral surface processing unit is successively used both for finishing machining of a workpiece peripheral surface eccentric to a workpiece axis and finishing machining of workpiece peripheral surface concentric with a workpiece axis.

The present invention has the further object of providing a machine tool which is particularly well suited for the finishing machining of workpieces small workpiece lots.

This object is achieved in a machine tool in that it comprises a peripheral surface processing unit of the type described above and a workpiece holder for holding a workpiece, and at least a first positioning device for positioning the peripheral surface processing unit, in particular a support of the peripheral surface processing unit, relative to the workpiece. In particular, the positioning device has a positioning axis in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis, alternatively or in addition to this, a feed axis in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis.

The machine tool further comprises a workpiece holder with a rotary drive for driving the workpiece about the workpiece axis, wherein preferably the workpiece is held immovably in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis direction in the workpiece holder. In this way, can be dispensed with a large-scale and heavy oscillation drive, with which, for example, a headstock, a tailstock and a workpiece as a whole are driven to oscillate.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the machine tool has at least one second positioning device for positioning an axial surface processing unit for finishing machining of surfaces of a surface pair that are perpendicular to a workpiece axis. Such an axial surface processing unit may also be referred to as a "passport bearing unit". For the second positioning device, it is likewise preferred if this has a positioning axis in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis, alternatively or in addition to this, a feed axis in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece axis.

In a particularly preferred axial surface processing unit is provided that it has two separate finishing tapes, which each serve for processing only one surface of the two surfaces of a surface pair. In a conventional axial surface processing unit, only a finishing belt is used, which is first supplied to one surface of the two surfaces of a surface pair, then deflected and then fed to a second surface of the surface pair. In such a conventional Axial surface processing unit, the feed of finishing belt must be indexed to prevent a already worn on the first surface finishing belt is fed after its deflection to the second surface. Such indexing is not required in the axial surface processing unit according to the invention. In this two separate finishing tapes are provided, which are each associated with only one surface of a pair of surfaces. Each finishing belt is thus used exclusively for one of the two surfaces of the surface pair. Thus, the finishing tapes can be tracked individually and without indexing.

It is understood that the above-described Axialflächenbearbeitungseinheit taken alone and independent of a peripheral surface processing unit is advantageous and can also constitute an invention per se.

The invention further relates to a method for operating a previously described peripheral surface processing unit or a machine tool described above. These methods help to be able to use the peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention flexibly, so that workpieces of small workpiece lots can be machined with economic finish.

According to a first method of the invention, a force with which the at least one finishing tool presses against a workpiece peripheral surface to be finished is set by adjusting the position of the at least one finishing tool along a rectilinear path. Advantageously, the adjustment of the position by means of an aforementioned pneumatic cylinder, which generates a contact pressure. This pneumatic cylinder also provides length compensation movability.

According to a further method of the invention, the peripheral surface processing unit is reciprocated in a direction parallel to the workpiece axis during finishing machining of a workpiece peripheral surface and the oscillating movement of the at least one finishing tool. In this way, a Überlagerungshub can be realized, which makes it possible to finish with a finishing tool of a certain width Werkstückumfangsflächen finish, which have a greater width. The overlay stroke then serves to be able to travel the entire width of a workpiece peripheral surface to be machined, without requiring replacement or adaptation of the finishing tool and / or the finish tool holder. In this case, the potential disadvantage of a higher processing time for finishing machining a certain workpiece peripheral surface is accepted in favor of the fact that the peripheral surface processing unit according to the invention can be used for a large number of differently wide workpiece peripheral surfaces.

According to another method of the present invention, in the same chucking of a workpiece using the same peripheral surface processing unit, successively different workpiece peripheral surfaces of the same workpiece are finish-machined. The different workpiece peripheral surfaces can be a plurality of workpiece peripheral surfaces which have the same geometry, that is, for example, two crank bearings of the same crankshaft. However, the different workpiece peripheral surfaces may also be workpiece circumferential surfaces which have a different geometry, that is, for example, a crank bearing and a main bearing of the same crankshaft. It is essential that specialized machining units do not have to be maintained to process a specific bearing geometry. Rather, a circumferential surface processing unit according to the invention is kept in stock, which processes different workpiece circumferential surfaces one after the other at the expense of the machining time. In this way, even small series can be realized economically, in which it does not matter that a machine tool is maximally utilized, but that with a low equipment use and with acceptable set-up workpieces, which have different geometries, can be edited.

The different workpiece circumferential surfaces can be, for example, main bearings, connecting rod bearings and / or sealing seats of a crankshaft or compressor shaft or about shaft bearings and cam surfaces of a camshaft. Such a camshaft may, for example, be the camshaft of a valve drive or else an eccentric shaft which has at least one eccentric section arranged eccentrically with respect to a shaft axis.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of preferred embodiments.

In the drawings show:

1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a peripheral surface processing unit from a first perspective;

2 a perspective view of the peripheral surface processing unit according to 1 from another perspective;

3a a side view of the peripheral surface processing unit according to 1 ;

3b a plan view of the peripheral surface processing unit according to 1 according to one in 3a sectional plane designated IIIb-IIIb;

4 a perspective view of an embodiment of a machine tool with a peripheral surface processing unit according to 1 ;

5 a side view of the machine tool according to 4 upon contact of a finishing belt with a workpiece peripheral surface positioned at 3 o'clock relative to a workpiece axis;

6 one of the 5 corresponding side view when positioning the workpiece peripheral surface at 12 o'clock;

7 a perspective view of an axial surface processing unit; and

8th a perspective view of an embodiment of a machine tool with a peripheral surface processing unit according to 1 and with an axial surface processing unit according to 7 ,

An embodiment of a peripheral surface processing unit is in the 1 to 3b represented and there with the reference numerals 10 designated.

The peripheral surface processing unit 10 has a carrier unit 12 which serves for connection to the frame or a positioning device of a machine tool. The carrier unit 12 has a first linear guide part 14 a linear guide 16 on which a second linear guide part 18 includes, with a first bearing part 20 is connected (see. 3b ). The linear guide 16 allows the first bearing part 20 relative to the carrier unit 12 along a straight axis 22 to move.

To drive the first storage unit 20 along the axis 22 and relative to the carrier unit 12 is a linear drive 24 in the form of a pneumatic cylinder 26 provided (cf. 2 ). The linear drive 24 relies on one end 28 (For example, the rear end of a cylinder) on a support 30 the carrier unit 12 from. The opposite end 32 of the linear drive 24 (For example, the free end of a piston) is connected to a coupling element 34 connected, fixed to the second linear guide part 18 the linear guide 16 and with the first bearing part 20 connected is.

The first bearing part 20 includes a pivot bearing 36 (see. 3b ). This means that the pivot bearing 36 upon displacement of the first bearing part 20 relative to the carrier unit 12 along the straight line 22 is moved. The pivot bearing 36 defines a pivot axis 38 ,

The pivot bearing 36 serves for the pivotal mounting of a total with the reference numeral 40 designated second bearing part. The second bearing part 40 has rolling bearings 42 on that in a bearing housing 44 are included, with a base plate 46 of the second bearing part 40 connected is.

The base plate 46 also serves to mount an oscillation drive described in more detail below 48 (see. 1 ). The oscillation drive 48 has a drive housing 50 for receiving a motor 52 on (cf. 1 and 3b ). The motor 52 acts via a drive shaft 54 on an eccentric unit 56 that with a sled 58 interacts.

The sled 58 Used to attach a finish tool holder 60 (see. 3b and 2 ). When the oscillation drive 48 is active, the sled 58 and the finish tool holder 60 along an oscillation axis 62 moved back and forth; the bearing parts 20 and 40 and the carrier unit 12 be from the oscillation drive 48 not oscillating driven. The oscillation axis 62 in particular runs perpendicular to the rectilinear path 22 , along which the first bearing part 20 relative to the carrier unit 12 is movable.

The finishing tool holder 60 serves for fastening a finishing tool, for example in the form of a finishing stone, not shown. Preferably, the finish tool holder acts 60 with a finishing tool 64 in the form of a finishing tape 66 together (cf. 3a ). For this purpose, the finishing tool holder a prism-shaped receiving area 68 have (see also 2 ). A section of the finishing tape 66 can start from one over the receiving area 68 tense state (cf. 3a ) in the receiving area 68 deform into, so this section when machining a workpiece peripheral surface 72 a workpiece 70 also in the reception area 68 is arranged and there with the finishing tape 66 interacts (cf. 1 ).

The first bearing part 20 and the second bearing part 40 together form a storage unit 74 (see. 3b ). To an uncontrolled, gravitational tilting of the second bearing part 40 relative to the first bearing part 20 to avoid are at the second bearing part 40 holding arms 76 provided, which in opposite directions from the coupling element 34 protrude and each for fixing ends of springs 78 serve, with the springs 78 with their opposite ends with a receptacle 80 of the second bearing part 40 are connected.

If the second bearing part 40 starting from the in 2 illustrated basic position about the pivot axis 38 is pivoted upward, the lower spring lengthens 78 so that they have an increasingly higher tensile force on the second bearing part 40 exercises. At a pivoting of the second bearing part 40 starting from the in 2 illustrated basic position down längen the upper spring 78 , so that this an increasingly higher tensile force on the second bearing part 40 exercises. Together define the two springs 78 a basic position of the second bearing part 40 around the pivot axis 38 , At the same time put the two springs 78 Mass balance forces ready, the inertia forces of the reciprocating second bearing part 40 counteract.

The storage unit 74 , preferably the second bearing part 40 the storage unit 74 , In a preferred embodiment also serves a finishing tool 64 in the form of a finishing tape 66 to stockpile. For this purpose, a storage device 82 provided, which preferably in the form of a supply roll 84 is formed on the base plate 46 of the second bearing part 40 is rotatably mounted (see. 1 ). The supply roll 84 serves to store fresh, unused finishing tape 66 , The used finishing tape 66 becomes a collector device 86 fed, which preferably as a collecting role 88 is trained.

The storage device 82 and the collector device 86 are preferably on a the finish tool holder 60 opposite end of the second bearing part 40 arranged.

Also preferred is a finishing belt drive 90 provided, which serves the finishing tool holder 60 and the workpiece 70 supply fresh finishing tape. The finishing belt drive 90 includes, for example, an engine 92 (see. 3b ), which via a transmission (drive shaft 94 , Drive belt 96 , Drive wheel 98 , see. also 3a ) with the collecting roll 88 the collector device 86 interacts.

To the finish tool holder 60 and the workpiece 70 fresh finishing tape 66 to be able to feed, the engine 92 actuated, so that from the collecting side a spent finishing belt section from the area of the finishing tool holder 60 is pulled out and fresh finishing tape from the supply roll 84 the storage device 82 is deducted.

An additional section of the finishing tape 66 can by means of a storage device 99 (see. 2 ) are stored and released. The storage device 99 is also on the second bearing part 40 arranged and preferably the storage device 82 downstream.

The storage device 99 includes a positioning roller 99a extending in the direction of the finishing tape 66 seen between two counter-rolls 99b is arranged. The scroll 99a is at a lever 99c arranged, its position by means of an actuating cylinder 99d can be changed. Depending on the position of the lever 99c is between the two counter-roles 99b a shorter or longer section of finishing tape 66 cached.

In the 1 and 2 a state is shown in which a shorter section of finishing tape 66 is cached (actuating cylinder 99d retracted); this corresponds to the fact that upon contact of the finishing tape 66 with the workpiece surface 72 the course of the finishing tape 66 the geometry of the prism-shaped receiving area 68 follows and there takes more length. In 3a is shown a state in which a longer section of finishing tape 66 is cached (actuating cylinder 99d extended); this corresponds to the fact that the finishing tape 66 over the recording area 68 is stretched across and takes less length there.)

In the 4 to 6 is a machine tool shown in total with the reference numeral 100 is designated and the one referred to above with reference to 1 to 3b described circumferential surface processing unit 10 includes.

The machine tool 100 has a frame 102 on, with which the machine tool 100 on a footprint 104 can be set up. The frame 102 has a mounting surface 106 on which of at least one or more fasteners 108 can be formed.

At the mounting surface 106 is a workpiece holder 110 attached. The workpiece holder 110 includes, for example, a headstock 112 and a tailstock (not shown). The headstock 112 has a rotary drive 114 on which serves, a workpiece 70 , For example, in the form of a crankshaft, around a central workpiece axis 116 to turn.

Upon rotation of the workpiece 70 around the workpiece axis 116 moves to the workpiece axis 116 eccentric Workpiece peripheral surface 72 along a trajectory 118 which in the 5 and 6 dotted is shown.

The workpiece 70 can also be to the workpiece axis 116 concentric workpiece peripheral surfaces 120 have, for example, each form a main bearing of a crankshaft.

The machine tool 100 comprises a positioning device described below 122 which serves the peripheral surface processing unit 10 along a positioning axis 124 to be able to position. The positioning axis 124 runs parallel to the workpiece axis 116 , The positioning device 122 includes a positioning drive 125 , which has a drive belt (in 4 through a strap box 126 hidden) acts on a spindle, which extends along the positioning axis 124 extends. The spindle cooperates in a conventional manner with a spindle nut, which with a positioning slide 128 connected is. The positioning slide 128 has a mounting surface 130 on which serves the carrier unit 12 the peripheral surface processing unit 10 to fix.

It is possible for a second positioning device 122 ' is provided with a second drive 125 ' , with a second strap (in 4 through a second strap box 126 ' covered), with a second positioning slide 128 ' , which has a second attachment surface 130 ' having. The second positioning device 122 ' serves to the second positioning slide 128 ' along a second positioning axis 124 ' to be able to move. The second positioning axis 124 ' preferably runs parallel to the workpiece axis 116 , The second positioning carriage 128 ' can be used to arrange an additional peripheral surface processing unit 10 or to arrange one below and with reference to 7 described Axialflächenbearbeitungseinheit 150 ,

For finishing machining of a workpiece peripheral surface 72 becomes the workpiece 70 in the workpiece holder 110 clamped, so between headstock 112 and the tailstock, not shown.

The peripheral surface processing unit 10 can by means of the positioning 122 along the positioning axis 124 be positioned so that along the workpiece 70 seen the finishing tape 66 at the level of a workpiece surface to be machined finishend 72 is arranged.

Starting from a condition in which the finishing tape 66 from the workpiece peripheral surface 72 is spaced (see. 4 , Storage device 99 stores longer additional section of finishing tape 66 ), the finishing belt towards the workpiece peripheral surface 72 be delivered. For this purpose, the linear drive 24 so controlled that the first bearing part 20 and thus the entire storage unit 74 and thus also the finish tool holder 60 and the finishing tape 66 in the direction of the workpiece axis 116 be moved. As a result, the finishing tape passes 66 in engagement with the workpiece peripheral surface 72 , see. 5 (Storage means 99 releases cached additional section). The linear drive 24 , in particular the pneumatic cylinder 26 , is controlled so that the finishing tool holder 60 not only powerless, but with a predetermined pressing force with the finishing tape 66 against the workpiece peripheral surface 72 suppressed.

For finishing machining of the workpiece peripheral surface 72 becomes the workpiece 70 by means of the rotary drive 114 in the direction of rotation around the workpiece axis 116 driven. As a result, the workpiece peripheral surface moves 72 along the trajectory 118 (see. 5 and 6 ). During the movement of the workpiece peripheral surface 72 along the trajectory 118 is the finishing tape 66 permanently in contact with the workpiece peripheral surface 72 , The to follow the trajectory 118 required compensating movement is generated on the one hand, that the second bearing part 40 around the pivot axis 38 relative to the first bearing part 20 pans back and forth. On the other hand, the compensation movement is provided by the fact that the entire storage unit 74 relative to the carrier unit 12 along the straight line 22 is moved back and forth. Here, a piston and a cylinder of the linear drive move 24 relative to each other. In this way, the to the workpiece axis 116 eccentric workpiece peripheral surface 72 finishing finish.

In a particularly preferred method for machining a workpiece 70 becomes the same peripheral surface processing unit 10 , with which one to a workpiece axis 116 eccentric workpiece peripheral surface 72 is also used, one to the workpiece axis 116 concentric workpiece peripheral surface 120 finishend to edit. Because the workpiece peripheral surface 120 not along a trajectory around the workpiece axis 116 moves, but only concentric to the workpiece axis 116 turns, finds in the finishing machining of a workpiece peripheral surface 120 no compensatory movement takes place. This means that the second bearing part 40 relative to the first bearing part 20 resting and not around the pivot axis 38 is pivoted back and forth. Furthermore, the entire storage unit stands 74 still and does not move along the straight line 22 relative to the carrier unit 12 ,

Regardless of whether the circumferential surface processing unit 10 is used to an eccentric workpiece peripheral surface 72 or a concentric workpiece peripheral surface 120 To edit, the oscillation movement of the finish tool holder 60 and thus the finishing tape 66 with the help of the oscillation drive 48 generated. It is advantageous that the reciprocating masses small and on the carriage 58 and the finish tool holder 60 as well as on sections of the finishing tape 66 are limited.

It is independent of whether an eccentric workpiece peripheral surface 72 or a concentric workpiece peripheral surface 120 to be processed, possible that the oscillation drive 48 is not active. Thus, for example, the sealing seat of a crankshaft can be processed, which should not be provided with a cross-cut structure. This cross-cut structure is characteristic of finish machining of a workpiece peripheral surface, but undesirable for a sealing seat (because the cross-cut structure would form an undesirable oil transport surface between the interior and the periphery of a crankcase).

In the event that a workpiece peripheral surface finishend, so with cross-cut structure, to be processed, it is possible that the oscillatory motion caused by the oscillation drive 48 is generated, another movement is superimposed in the form of a Überlagungshubs. This is particularly advantageous if the width of the finishing tape 66 smaller than the width of a workpiece surface to be machined finish 72 or 120 , The overlay stroke can be easily achieved by means of the positioning device 122 be realized, which the positioning slide 128 along the positioning axis 124 moved back and forth. Here is the frequency with which the positioning slide 128 is moved back and forth, lower than the oscillation frequency of the carriage 58 and the finish tool holder 60 , The amplitude of the additional movement of the positioning carriage 128 is so big that a narrower finishing band 66 the entire width of a finish to be machined workpiece peripheral surface 72 . 120 can edit.

In 7 is an overall reference numeral 150 designated axial surface processing unit shown. This is used for finishing machining surfaces of a pair of surfaces, which to a workpiece axis 116 stand vertically. Such a surface pair can also be referred to as a "passport bearing".

The axial surface processing unit 150 may alternatively be a peripheral surface processing unit 10 but preferably in addition to a peripheral surface processing unit 10 on a machine tool 100 (see. 8th ) be provided.

The axial surface processing unit 150 serves to different finishing tapes 66a . 66b each with different areas of a surface pair of a workpiece 70 to bring into contact. For this purpose, the axial surface processing unit 150 two pressing tools 152 . 154 each with associated Andrückflächen 156 . 158 on. The pressing tools 152 . 154 are on a holder 160 held.

In 7 are the pressing tools 152 . 154 shown in a state in which the pressing surfaces 156 . 158 which are facing in opposite directions, have the smallest possible distance relative to one another. The pressing tools 152 . 154 can by means of a wedge element 162 that with a wedge guide 164 the pressing tools 152 . 154 interacts, be further pressed apart, so that the distance between the Andrückflächen 156 . 158 increased. To drive the wedge element 162 is a pneumatic cylinder 166 intended. The pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 166 Also controls the force with which the pressure surfaces 156 . 158 abut at finishend to be machined surfaces of a pair of surfaces.

The axial surface processing unit 150 has a carrier unit 168 on, which for connection, for example, with the positioning slide 128 ' the second positioning device 122 ' (see. 4 ) serves.

On the carrier unit 168 is an oscillation drive 170 attached. This acts via an eccentric unit with a slide 172 together, relative to the carrier unit 168 by means of a linear guide 174 along an oscillation axis 176 is slidably mounted. The oscillation axis 176 is perpendicular and spaced to a workpiece axis 116 a finishend workpiece to be machined 70 ,

It is possible that the tool holder 160 directly with the sledge 172 connected is. In a preferred embodiment, however, is between tool holder 160 and the sled 172 an additional linear guide 178 provided an additional degree of freedom for the tool holder 160 along a movement axis 180 creates. The movement axis 180 preferably runs parallel to the workpiece axis 116 , The additional linear guide 178 allows the processing of vertical to a workpiece axis surfaces of a pair of surfaces of a workpiece 70 that in to the workpiece axis 116 is driven to oscillate parallel direction (this is in the machine tools described here 100 not the case, but in conventional machine tools, in which a Workpiece for finishing machining is driven in oscillation together with a workpiece holder and with a rotary drive in a direction parallel to a workpiece axis direction). In addition, it allows the additional linear guide 178 , Length tolerances of a workpiece 70 compensate. In addition, it is possible to work on wider seats, with only one surface of a surface pair being edited.

The following are tape guide elements for the different finishing tapes 66a . 66b described, which in each case for each of the two finishing tapes 66a . 66b are held.

Starting from separate storage units 182 . 184 for the different finishing tapes 66a . 66b cause pulleys 186 . 188 a twist each a finishing tape 66a . 66b around 90 °. This is followed in each case by a first band clamping device 190 at.

About a Bandumlenkeinrichtung 192 the finishing tape arrives 66a . 66b in each case to the pressure surfaces 156 . 158 , each with a back of a finishing tape 66a . 66b (ie with the non-abrasive surfaces of a finishing tape 66a . 66b ) cooperates to press the respectively arranged on the front side of the finishing strip abrasive surface against each one of the finishend to be machined surfaces of a pair of surfaces.

Starting from the pressure surfaces 156 . 158 the finishing tape arrives 66a . 66b each to a second tape clamping device 194 and finally each by means of pulleys 196 . 198 turned back by 90 ° and finally a (not shown) collecting device 200 fed. At the collection facility 200 it can be a composite roll or, in the simplest case, a drip pan.

When arranging an axial surface processing unit 150 on a machine tool 100 it is possible on the rack 102 or its attachment surface 106 further support elements 202 to arrange, for example, holding rails, the preferably displaceable arrangement of separate storage units 182 . 184 for respective finishing tape 66a . 66b serve.

It is understood that the machining of axial surfaces of a fiducial bearing of a workpiece 70 by means of the axial surface processing unit 150 at the same time as finishing machining of workpiece peripheral surfaces 72 or 120 can take place (cf. 8th ). Also when machining axial surfaces, the workpiece 70 around the workpiece axis 116 twisted. This rotational movement is achieved by means of the oscillation drive 170 an oscillation movement of the finishing tapes 66a . 66b along the oscillation axis 176 superimposed.

In 8th are other parts of a workpiece holder 110 shown; in addition to the headstock 112 with rotary drive 114 this is a drive 220 for a sled 222 , which is parallel to the workpiece axis 116 is movable. The sled 222 is preferably used for attachment of a tailstock, not shown, of the workpiece holder 110 ,

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2617522 B1 [0002]
• EP 2803445 A1 [0019]
• DE 102014200445 A1 [0019]
• DE 102014213194 A1 [0019]

Claims (19)

Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) for finishing machining to a workpiece axis ( 116 ) eccentric workpiece peripheral surfaces ( 72 ) by means of at least one finishing tool ( 64 ), wherein the at least one finishing tool ( 64 ) on a finishing tool holder ( 60 ) and the finishing tool holder ( 60 ) by means of a storage unit ( 74 ) while processing a workpiece peripheral surface ( 72 ) along a trajectory ( 118 ) of the workpiece peripheral surface ( 72 ) is movable, characterized in that the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) an oscillation drive ( 48 ) by means of which the finishing tool holder ( 60 ) in one to the workpiece axis ( 116 ) parallel direction is driven to oscillate. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillation drive ( 48 ) between the storage unit ( 74 ) and the finish tool holder ( 60 ) is effective. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oscillation drive ( 48 ) an eccentric unit ( 56 ). Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) a carrier unit ( 12 ), on which a first bearing part ( 20 ) of the storage unit ( 74 ) is displaceably mounted, wherein the first bearing part ( 20 ) a jointly with this sliding pivot bearing ( 36 ), wherein on the pivot bearing ( 36 ) relative to the first bearing part ( 20 ) pivotable second bearing part ( 40 ) of the storage unit ( 74 ) is mounted, wherein at the second bearing part ( 40 ) the oscillation drive ( 48 ) and the finish tool holder ( 60 ) are arranged. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that on the carrier unit ( 12 ) a linear drive ( 24 ) is arranged, by means of which the first bearing part ( 20 ) along a rectilinear path ( 22 ) is displaceable. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the linear drive ( 24 ) is effective as a pressing device for setting a pressing force, with which the at least one finishing tool ( 64 ) against a workpiece end surface to be finished ( 72 ) presses. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finishing tool ( 64 ) as finishing tape ( 66 ) is formed and that at the storage unit ( 74 ) a storage device ( 82 ) for fresh finishing tape and / or a collecting device ( 86 ) is arranged to collect used finishing tape or are. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finishing tool ( 64 ) as finishing tape ( 66 ) is formed and that the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) a finishing belt drive ( 90 ), which is designed as a traction drive and by pulling on a spent finishing belt section the finishing tool holder ( 60 ) supplies a fresh finishing belt section. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finishing tool holder ( 60 ) and the finishing tool ( 64 ) are designed such that they allow the machining of workpiece peripheral surfaces ( 72 . 120 ) with different diameters. Peripheral surface treatment unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finishing tool ( 64 ) as finishing tape ( 66 ) is formed and that the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) an edge band storage device ( 99 ) having an additional portion of the finishing tape ( 66 ) stores when the finishing tape ( 66 ) not in contact with a workpiece ( 70 ), and the additional portion of the finishing tape ( 66 ) releases when the finishing tape ( 66 ) in contact with the workpiece ( 70 ). Use of the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims for finishing machining a workpiece axis ( 116 ) concentric workpiece peripheral surface ( 120 ) of a workpiece ( 70 ). Machine tool ( 100 ) with a peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 and with a workpiece holder ( 110 ) for holding a workpiece ( 70 ) comprising at least one first positioning device ( 120 ) for positioning the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ), in particular a carrier unit ( 12 ) of the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ), relative to the workpiece holder ( 110 ). Machine tool ( 100 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the workpiece holder ( 110 ) a rotary drive ( 114 ) for driving the workpiece ( 70 ) around the workpiece axis ( 116 ), wherein preferably the workpiece ( 70 ) in one to the workpiece axis ( 116 ) parallel direction immovable in the workpiece holder ( 110 ) is held. Machine tool ( 100 ) according to claim 12 or 13, comprising at least one second positioning device ( 122 ' ) for positioning an axial surface processing unit ( 150 ) for finishing machining to a workpiece axis ( 116 ) vertical surfaces of a surface pair of a workpiece ( 70 ). Machine tool ( 100 ) according to claim 14, characterized in that the axial surface processing unit ( 150 ) two separate finishing tapes ( 66a . 66b ), which each serve for processing only one surface of the two surfaces of the surface pair. Method for operating a peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 or a machine tool ( 100 ) according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that a force with which the at least one finishing tool ( 64 ) against a workpiece end surface to be finished ( 72 ) is adjusted by the position of the at least one finishing tool ( 64 ) along a rectilinear path ( 22 ) is set. Method for operating a peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 or a machine tool ( 100 ) according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) during finish machining of a workpiece peripheral surface ( 72 ) and the oscillating movement of the at least one finishing tool ( 64 ) superimposed in to the workpiece axis ( 116 ) parallel direction is reciprocated. Method for operating a peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 or a machine tool ( 100 ) according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that in the same clamping of a workpiece ( 70 ) using the same peripheral surface processing unit ( 10 ) successively different workpiece peripheral surfaces ( 72 . 120 ) of the same workpiece ( 70 ) finishend. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the workpiece ( 70 ) is a crankshaft or compressor shaft and the different workpiece peripheral surfaces ( 72 . 120 ) Main bearings, connecting rod bearings and / or sealing seats or that the workpiece ( 70 ) is a camshaft and the different workpiece peripheral surfaces ( 72 . 120 ) Comprise shaft bearings and cam surfaces.

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