DE102015201350A1 - Retaining body, method for producing a fiber composite component and fiber composite part - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a retaining body (10) for producing a fiber composite component, comprising a base body (20) with a displacement volume (30) and a surface (40) facing away from the displacement volume (30), wherein the base body (20) is designed in such a way Area of the displacement volume (30) to retain and / or displace a viscous matrix material. The retaining body (10) can be arranged on a preform (50) of a fiber composite component in such a way that the displacement volume (30) of the retaining body (10) fills an open area (60) of the fiber composite component to be obtained during production of the fiber composite component.

Description

The present invention relates to a retaining body for producing a fiber composite component. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to a method for producing a fiber composite component. Finally, the present invention is directed to a fiber composite component.

From the prior art, a variety of different fiber composite components and methods for the production of fiber composite components are well known and are used in particular the lightweight construction in vehicle. Fiber-reinforced plastics, in particular carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFK, colloquially often referred to as carbon) are known from the general state of the art, which are outstandingly suitable as lightweight materials due to their high weight-specific strength and rigidity. CFRP components basically consist of a combination of two materials: the fiber and the plastic matrix.

If no pre-impregnated materials are used, a fiber-reinforced component can be produced by means of the following process steps. In a first step, dry textile semifinished fiber products are processed into a preform, which is also called preform. For this purpose, the dry textile semi-finished fiber products are assembled by appropriate cutting and arranged to a flat and / or sometimes complex, the component end contour adapted, fiber structure. For this first process step are often derived from the textile technology, but also based on the adhesive technology method used. In a second step, the preform is placed in an impregnation tool and further processed into a fiber composite component. This process step is also referred to as infiltration or as impregnation. During the impregnation, a viscous plastic matrix is introduced into the preform by means of a pressure gradient. During impregnation, the plastic matrix fills the fiber interstices of the preform and thus bonds adjacent fibers together. In a third, the impregnation subsequent step, the fiber composite component is cured. This is done either by heat in the tool or in a corresponding oven. After curing, the fiber composite component is removed from the mold in a fourth step. For thermoset matrix materials forming the fiber composite component after curing is no longer possible. In a final fifth step, the cured fiber composite component is therefore subjected to a post-processing. In the post-processing, for example, bushings and holes for fastening means are introduced into the fiber composite component. This is done z. B. by machining methods, such as. As milling or drilling and water jet or laser cutting process.

Known methods for the production of fiber composite components have the disadvantage that the post-processing is often very complex and leads by this further process step to an increase in the manufacturing cost, the production time and the manufacturing cost of the fiber composite components.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to optimize the production of a fiber composite component or a fiber composite component, in particular with respect to the post-processing, wherein the disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially overcome. In particular, it is the object of the present invention to provide a method by means of which a post-processing-optimized fiber composite component can be produced by simple means and inexpensively.

The above object is achieved by a retaining body for producing a fiber composite component having the features of independent claim 1. The object is also achieved by a method for producing a fiber composite component having the features of independent claim 11. Furthermore, the object is achieved by a fiber composite component having the features of independent claim 13. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. In this case, features and details that are described in connection with the restraint body according to the invention apply, of course, in connection with the inventive method for producing a fiber composite component and the fiber composite component according to the invention and in each case vice versa, so that with respect to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention always reciprocal reference , or can be. Of course, the inventive method for producing a fiber composite component can be carried out with the retention body according to the invention.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the retention body according to the invention for producing a fiber composite component has a base body with a displacement volume and a surface facing away from the displacement volume, wherein the base body is designed to retain and / or displace a liquid matrix material in the region of the displacement volume. The restraint body can be arranged on a preform of a fiber composite component such that the displacement volume of the restraint body in the manufacture of the Fiber composite component to be obtained franking of the fiber composite component fills.

A retention body in the sense of the invention is an object that can be arranged at least temporarily at a location for stressing a volume at a location, for example, until a liquid matrix material is cured such that retention of the matrix material by the retention body is not due to the reduced flowability of the matrix material more is needed.

The main body of the retaining body has a displacement volume. A displacement volume is a volume that does not flow into a matrix material when the retention body contacts liquid matrix material. The displacement volume preferably has a geometry that corresponds to a geometry to be kept free at the fiber composite component, for. B. cylindrical, cuboidal or any other geometry. Preferably, the base body has a geometry that favors easy removal of the retaining body from the cured fiber composite component. Accordingly, undercuts should be avoided if possible, especially in the case of one-piece basic bodies. A possible delay of the fiber composite component, for. B. by a thermal treatment, is to be considered in the geometry of the body.

The surface of the main body is remote from the displacement volume and thus comes in the impregnation completely or at least partially in contact with the liquid matrix material. The surface therefore preferably comprises a material which is not damaged by the matrix material. More preferably, the surface is designed to promote a release of the retaining body of the cured fiber composite component. Particularly preferably, the surface has a coating, which promotes release of the retaining body from the cured fiber composite component and / or remains after release of the retaining body of the cured fiber composite component to the fiber composite component.

A retaining body according to the invention has the advantage that it can be easily arranged on a preform or during the manufacture of the preform on the latter by means of the retaining body are clearances, such. As channels or paragraphs with simple means in the fiber composite component can be introduced. A complex, both time and cost intensive post-processing of the fiber composite component is no longer required. Accordingly, by means of the retention body in particular time and cost can be saved.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, the retaining body has at least one first form-fitting section, which is arranged on the base body, wherein the first form-fitting section is designed to abut the preform and thus positively locking a relative movement of retaining body and preform at least in a mounting direction of the retaining body to limit. This results in the advantages that the retaining body is easily arranged on a preform in a designated relative position and secured against unintentional sliding out of the relative position.

Preferably, the retaining body has at least one second form-fitting section which is arranged on the base body, wherein the second form-fitting section is designed to abut the preform and thus to limit a relative movement of retaining body and preform at least in a direction opposite to the mounting direction. When arranging the retention body on the preform, the second form-fitting section is preferably first passable to the preform. Accordingly, in particular the second form-fitting section is preferably flexible in the mounting direction, so that when the restraining body is arranged on the preform, the second form-fitting section can be bent back and engages behind the preform at the end of the arrangement by spring-back. Thus, the placement is not hindered by the second form-fitting portion. More preferably, the second positive locking section is not flexible in a direction opposite to the mounting direction, in order to make it difficult to release the retaining body from the preform. This has the advantage that an easy placement and a secure fit of the retaining body are ensured on the preform.

It is preferred that the first form-fitting section or the second form-fitting section has a predetermined breaking point, which is designed for easier separation of the form-fitting section from the main body. Particularly preferably, the second positive locking section from such a predetermined breaking point. This has the advantage that the retaining body is thus easier to detach from the fiber composite component.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the base body has a first base body and a second base body, which can be coupled to each other via an interface. The main body is thus divided into two parts. Preferably, the main body via a screw or plug connection can be connected to each other. Two-part main body are particularly advantageous if the base body from different directions, preferably opposite directions are to be arranged on the preform. Another The advantage is that thus a variety of other geometries in the fiber composite component can be introduced, which would not be feasible with a one-piece body.

Particularly preferably, the displacement volume of the retaining body has at least one cavity. As a result, a cost of materials and a weight of the retaining body can be significantly reduced. Such a retaining body is inexpensive to produce and particularly easy to handle because of its reduced weight.

More preferably, the cavity of the retaining body is sealed to the outside so as to prevent penetration of a liquid matrix material into the cavity. This promotes optimal utilization of the matrix material. In a preferred embodiment, the cavity is sealed by removable cover members to the outside. This is particularly advantageous if the retaining body after curing of the fiber composite component to remain at this. In this case, only the cover elements are to be removed after curing. More preferably, the cover elements on holding devices to a gripping the cover elements, for. B. with a disassembly tool, such as a pair of pliers to facilitate. Thus, the lid members are easily removable.

It is preferable that the retaining body has a boss portion for fitting a dismounting tool. Such a neck portion is preferably formed to form a positive and / or positive fit approach of the disassembly tool. The attachment section preferably has a passage for introducing the assembly tool and / or an engagement profile of a screw head, in particular an engagement profile of a crosshead screw head. Such a passage is preferably aligned transversely to a dismounting direction of the retaining body. A nose portion has the advantage that the retaining body is easily engageable with and removable from the fiber composite component with a disassembly tool.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the surface has at least in one section a thread and / or at least partially a roughness of a polished surface. A thread has the advantage that a thread in the fiber composite component can be introduced by means of the retaining body. The retaining body is thus preferably removable by a screwing movement of the fiber composite component. By means of a smooth surface, a recess with a particularly smooth surface can be produced. Thus slipping of the retaining body from the fiber composite component during disassembly is easier possible.

In a further development of the invention, the thread is formed exclusively or additionally on a side of the base body facing away from the surface. In this case, the surface preferably has a form-fitting section which blocks a relative rotation of the retaining body and the fiber composite component. This is particularly advantageous for retaining bodies, which are provided for remaining on the fiber composite component, so that a screw can be screwed into the retaining body.

Preferably, the retaining body made of plastic and / or metal. Plastic has the advantage that the retaining body is easy and inexpensive to produce. Metal has the advantage of good thermal conductivity and conductivity of electric current. Furthermore, a retaining body made of metal is particularly resilient. This is particularly important in restraint bodies, which are intended to remain on the fiber composite component, such as. B. retaining bodies, which have on a side facing away from the surface of a thread.

Furthermore, the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for producing a fiber composite component, comprising the steps: producing a preform made of fibers and impregnating the preform with a viscous matrix material. In this case, at least one inventive retaining body is disposed at a position of the preform at which the fiber composite component is to receive a corresponding franking.

This method allows the production of a fiber composite component with frankings, such. B. through-hole and / or blind holes, without post-processing of the fiber composite component such. B. a mechanical post-processing, such as drilling or milling, is required. As a result, compared to known methods for the production of fiber composite components with clearances manufacturing time and costs can be saved.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the retention body is removed after the fiber composite component has cured or is substantially cured.

Furthermore, the object is achieved by a fiber composite component comprising a fiber structure and introduced into the fiber structure matrix material, wherein the fiber composite component has a retention body according to the invention.

Further, measures improving the invention will become apparent from the following description of some embodiments of the invention, which are shown schematically in the figures. All of the claims, the description or the drawings resulting features and / or advantages, including constructive details and spatial arrangements may be essential to the invention both in itself and in the various combinations. Each show schematically:

1 a plan view of a fiber composite component with arranged thereon different retaining bodies according to the present invention;

2 a side view of the fiber composite component with the different retaining bodies arranged thereon 1 ;

3 a flowchart of a method according to the present invention.

Elements with the same function and mode of action are in the 1 to 3 each provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a preform in a plan view 50 with three different retaining bodies arranged thereon 10 of which a left retention body 10 a triangular, a middle retention body 10 a circular and a right retention body 10 have a rectangular cross-sectional area. The restraints 10 have a first positive connection section 70 up on the preform 50 rests and sliding of the retaining body 10 in mounting direction M, which goes into this drawing in the plane, prevented.

In 2 is a preform 50 with three different retention bodies 10 , each in a franking 60 of the preform 50 are arranged, shown in a side view. The three retention bodies 10 each have a basic body 20 with a displacement volume 30 on. surfaces 40 the restraint body 10 are the preform 50 facing and in contact with this. Thus, the retention bodies ensure 10 in that during the impregnation of the preform 50 no matrix material in the postage 60 of the preform 50 entry.

The restraint body shown on the left in this view 10 has a first positive connection section 70 and a second positive connection section 80 on, wherein the second form-fitting section 80 in mounting direction M, in this illustration for this retention body 10 facing down, has a bevel. By means of this bevel is the retention body 10 easier on the preform 50 arranged.

The restraint body shown in the middle in this view 10 has a first positive connection section 70 on. The main body 20 is formed such that the retaining body 10 at different thicknesses of the preform 50 each can be arranged accurately.

The restraint body shown on the right in this view 10 has a first positive connection section 70 and a second positive connection section 80 on. The main body 20 has a kink so that the retention body 10 at differently oriented areas of the preform 50 each can be arranged accurately.

In 3 the method according to the invention is shown in a flow chart. In the first process step 100 becomes a preform 50 made of fibers. In the second process step 200 at least one retention body according to the invention 10 in a franking 60 of the preform 50 used. The second process step 200 may also already during the production of the preform 50 take place, or the preform 50 can also be around the retention body 10 be generated around.

In a third process step 300 becomes the preform 50 impregnated with a viscous matrix material. The matrix material flows into free spaces of the preform 50 , The restraints 10 prevent the matrix material from flowing into the clearances 60 of the preform. In a fourth process step 400 the produced fiber composite component is cured, z. B. by heating. Preferably, the retention body becomes 10 removed in a fifth step from the cured fiber composite component again.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Retaining body

20

body

30

displacement

40

surface

50

preform

60

franking

70

first form-fitting section

80

second form-fitting section

100

first process step

200

second process step

300

third process step

400

fourth process step

M

mounting direction

Claims (13)

Retention body ( 10 ) for producing a fiber composite component, comprising a main body ( 20 ) with a displacement volume ( 30 ) and one of the displacement volume ( 30 ) facing away from the surface ( 40 ), where the basic body ( 20 ) is formed in the region of the displacement volume ( 30 ) to retain and / or displace a liquid matrix material, characterized in that the retention body ( 10 ) on a preform ( 50 ) of a fiber composite component can be arranged such that the displacement volume ( 30 ) of the retention body ( 10 ) a to be obtained in the manufacture of the fiber composite component franking ( 60 ) of the fiber composite component fills. Retention body ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the retention body ( 10 ) at least a first form-fitting section ( 70 ), which on the body ( 20 ), wherein the first positive-fit portion ( 70 ) is formed on the preform ( 50 ) and thus positively locking a relative movement of retaining body ( 10 ) and preform ( 50 ) at least in a mounting direction (M) of the retaining body ( 10 ) to limit. Retention body ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the retention body ( 10 ) at least one second form-fitting section ( 80 ), which on the body ( 20 ) is arranged, wherein the second form-fitting section ( 80 ) is formed on the preform ( 50 ) and thus a relative movement of retention body ( 10 ) and preform ( 50 ) at least in a direction opposite to the mounting direction (M). Retention body ( 10 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first positive locking section ( 70 ) or the second form-fitting section ( 80 ) has a predetermined breaking point, which for easier separation of the form-fitting portion ( 70 . 80 ) is formed by the main body. Retention body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic body ( 20 ) has a first base body and a second base body, which can be coupled to each other via an interface. Retention body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement volume ( 30 ) of the retention body ( 10 ) has at least one cavity. Retention body ( 10 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cavity of the retaining body ( 10 ) is sealed to the outside so as to prevent penetration of a liquid matrix material into the cavity. Retention body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining body ( 10 ) has a neck portion for attaching a disassembly tool. Retention body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface ( 40 ) has at least in one section a thread and / or at least partially a roughness of a polished surface. Retention body ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining body ( 10 ) is made of plastic and / or metal. Method for producing a fiber composite component, comprising the steps: - producing a preform ( 50 ) of fibers; Impregnating the preform ( 50 ) with a fluid matrix material, characterized in that at least one retention body ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 at a position of the preform ( 50 ) is arranged, at which the fiber composite component a corresponding franking ( 60 ) should receive. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the retention body ( 10 ) after the fiber composite component is cured or substantially cured is removed therefrom. Fiber composite component comprising a fiber structure and introduced into the fiber structure matrix material, characterized in that the fiber composite component a retaining body ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

Images