DE102015007765A1 - Parking garage with composite construction and grouting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a parking garage (1) comprising at least one composite structure (2) with at least two ceiling panels (4, 5) resting on a supporting structure (3, 3) provided with composite means (8, 9), at least one part of a reinforcement of the ceiling panels (4 , 5) on at least one side of the ceiling panels (4, 5) in the intermediate space (6) protrudes to engage around the composite means (8, 9), and wherein between the ceiling panels (4, 5) existing gap (6) a potting (7) is encapsulated, characterized in that the potting (7) is a polymer concrete.

Description

The invention relates to a parking garage comprising at least one composite construction having at least two ceiling panels resting on a supporting structure provided with composite means, wherein an intermediate space present between the ceiling panels is cast with a potting compound. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for introducing the encapsulation in the intermediate space.

Car parks have long been known from the prior art. A multi-storey car park is usually a multi-storey building with parking spaces for vehicles such as cars, motorcycles and, more rarely, for trucks or bicycles, on several parking floors, parking levels or parking decks. The parking floors have composite constructions.

When manufacturing the composite structures, ceiling panels are laid on a supporting structure, generally steel beams or concrete beams. A gap, which is present between the ceiling panels is potted by means of a potting.

The ceiling panels are connected non-positively by means of the grout with the support structure. For this purpose, the support structure may comprise composite means, in particular head studs, which are located on the support structure. The composite construction receives its adhesion through the grout, which connects the ceiling panels and the supporting structure with the composite means after curing.

After the encapsulation has been applied, the joint is sealed in parking garage construction against the ingress of moisture, also in conjunction with de-icing salts or chlorides. This seal must be capable of absorbing certain deformations or strains resulting from the movement of the entire structure so that no cracks can form in the joint formation that allow moisture to penetrate the joint. This gives the joint its usability.

A disadvantage of the prior art is that the potting deformation-susceptible and can easily break and is not UV-resistant.

It is therefore the technical task to provide a potting, with which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.

The object is achieved in particular by a parking garage comprising at least one composite construction with at least two ceiling panels resting on a supporting structure, wherein at least a part of a reinforcement of the ceiling panels projects into at least one side of the ceiling panels in the intermediate space to encompass the composite means and wherein a space present between the ceiling panels is encapsulated with a potting, wherein the potting is a polymer concrete.

By providing the polymer concrete a frictional connection of the ceiling panels with the support structure can be achieved. Due to a plastic content contained in the polymer concrete, it is possible to absorb both tensile forces and tensile forces. In addition, the polymer concrete also performs the task of sealing and crack bridging. So he picks up the required strain paths, without tearing it. The polymer concrete thus combines adhesion and serviceability.

Preferably, the ceiling panels are precast concrete elements that are manufactured in a factory and placed on the site in their final position. Preferably, the ceiling panels on a reinforcement.

Preferably, polymer concrete is a water-impermeable, low-pore material. Polymer concrete differs from conventional concrete in the proportion of plastic contained in the material mixture. The proportion of plastic is responsible for the traction.

Preferably, the plastic content is in the range of 5% to 35%, preferably in the range of 15% to 25%, particularly preferably 20%. Test results in the range of 15% to 25% showed good results for traction absorption. At 20%, the best result has been achieved. In this case, the polymer concrete has in comparison to other encapsulants shorter curing times and is also UV-resistant.

Polymer concrete preferably consists of natural, dry mineral raw materials (in particular granular granite, quartz sand, basalt, calcium carbonate, expanded clay, perlite) which, instead of cement paste, are bound with a mixture of reaction resins (in particular polyester, epoxide, phenol) as well as hardeners and accelerators ,

Preferably, the polymer concrete is a two-component system consisting of an acrylate and a filler of silica sand and aggregates. Preferably, the polymer concrete is an acrylic resin mortar. The acrylate is responsible for the traction.

Preferably, the support structure is designed as a support structure. Preferably, the support structure is a steel structure or a concrete structure. Preferably, the Steel construction a T or a double T-beam. Preferably, the concrete structure is a joist.

Preferably, the gap is a gap or a gap. Preferably, the potting is a Fugenverguss.

With the protruding into the space parts of the reinforcement frictional connection of the ceiling panels with the support structure can be achieved. Thus, a possibility is created to embrace the composite means. The ceiling panels can be anchored in a simple manner on the support structure frictionally and shear resistant.

Preferably, at least a part of the reinforcement protrudes from the ceiling panels on at least one end face. Preferably, the at least one part of the reinforcement is designed as at least one reinforcing loop.

Preferably, the composite means are composite anchors, preferably head studs. Particularly preferred are the composite steel composite strips. Furthermore, further composite means can be provided.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, each cover plate has at least one recess for receiving the composite means, wherein each recess is covered by a concrete cover of the ceiling panels and the casting is introduced into the recess.

Preferably, the concrete cover is to be understood as a cantilevered portion of the ceiling plate. Preferably, parts of the reinforcement protrude from the ceiling panels in the recesses to engage around the composite dowels.

Preferably, the potting is introduced into the recesses and the gap.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the ceiling panels in the contact area for potting contact surfaces of structural or washed concrete on.

Thus, the cover plates on an enlarged surface for the potting. This sets a desired surface roughness, which allows a non-positive connection of the potting with the ceiling panels. Preferably, a bonding of the potting takes place with the contact surfaces of the ceiling panels.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the ceiling panels in the contact area to the potting contact surfaces, which are post-processed by means of a sandblast or a water jet method.

In order for a ready-concrete and cured ceiling tile is reworked in a simple way to create an enlarged surface for the casting. This sets a desired surface roughness, which allows a non-positive connection of the potting with the ceiling panels. Preferably, a bonding of the potting takes place with the contact surfaces of the ceiling panels.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the casting has a proportion of mineral substances whose largest grain measures a grain size of at most 6.0 mm.

In this way, the potting is easily introduced into the space. The closer the ceiling panels are to each other, the narrower is the interspace between the ceiling panels.

Preferably, the largest grain has a size in the range of 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm. This makes it easier to incorporate the encapsulation in the gap.

Particularly preferably, the largest grain has a size of less than 2.0 mm. This allows the casting even easier to bring into the space.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, a sealing means is provided between the supporting structure and the casting.

In this way, a seal in the direction of the supporting structure can be ensured when introducing the encapsulation in the intermediate space.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the sealing means is a sealing tape, which is arranged at least partially on an upper side of the supporting structure.

This makes it possible in a simple manner, to prevent a flow of the grout in the region of the ceiling panels and the support structure at an introduction of the grout in the intermediate space.

Preferably, the sealing means is a rubber band, a sealing strip or a sealing strip. Preferably, the sealing means is compressible. Particularly preferably, the sealing means is a thermoplastic plastic, such as polyethylene, an elastomer or butyl rubber with sodium bentonite.

Particularly preferably, the sealing means has a surface with a cladding coating. Thus, the sealing means in a simple manner on the top of the support structure can be applied, ie aufklebbar. Preferably, the sealing means is a Tesa ^® Moll. Preferably, the sealing means is glued on the top over the entire width and length of the support structure.

Preferably, a joint coating is provided. Preferably, the joint coating is applied to an upper side of the casting. Particular preference is given to applying the joint coating after potting and curing of the polymer concrete.

Preferably, a coupling member is provided. Preferably, the coupling member is circular-shaped to oval-shaped. Particularly preferably, the coupling member engages around the connecting means. Preferably, the coupling member is adapted to receive and remove tensile forces in the support system.

• – Einbringen des Polymerbetons in den Zwischenraum.

Furthermore, the object is achieved according to the invention in particular by a method for introducing polymer concrete into a space present between ceiling panels of a parking garage, wherein the ceiling panels rest on a support structure provided with composite means, comprising the step:

• - Introducing the polymer concrete in the space.

Thus, the polymer concrete is easily introduced.

• – Einbringen einer ersten Schicht des Polymerbetons in den Zwischenraum und
• – Einbringen wenigstens einer weiteren Schicht des Polymerbetons in den Zwischenraum, wobei sich ein E-Modul der weiteren Schicht von dem der ersten Schicht unterscheidet.

Furthermore, the object is achieved according to the invention in particular by a method for introducing polymer concrete into a space present between ceiling panels of a parking garage, wherein the ceiling panels rest on a support structure provided with composite means, comprising the steps:

• - Introducing a first layer of polymer concrete in the space and
• - Introducing at least one further layer of polymer concrete into the gap, wherein an E-modulus of the further layer is different from that of the first layer.

Thus, the polymer concrete according to the requirements of occurring stresses individually einbringbar.

Preferably, the first layer has a larger modulus of elasticity than the second layer. Preferably, the composite means are potted by means of the first layer. As a result, tensile forces are better absorbed by the potting. Particularly preferably, the second layer can be produced less expensively with its smaller modulus of elasticity than the first layer.

Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures.

The figures show in detail:

1 a schematic view of a parking garage according to the invention,

2 a plan view of a composite construction of the parking garage 1 .

3 a schematic section AA through a part of the composite construction 2 .

4 a schematic section BB through part of an alternative composite construction of the parking garage 2 and

5 a detail C of the alternative composite construction 4 in a non-cast state in plan view.

1 shows a schematic view of a parking garage according to the invention.

The parking garage 1 has a plurality of parking floors. On the parking floors vehicles, ie cars, motorcycles, trucks and / or bicycles parked, ie parked. The parking garage 1 has a plurality of composite constructions 2 as shown and explained in the following figures.

2 shows a plan view of a composite construction of the parking garage 1 ,

The composite construction 2 has at least two ceiling panels resting on a support structure 4 . 5 on. An existing gap 6 , which is designed as a joint, is pourable by means of a potting.

3 shows a schematic section AA through a part of the composite construction 2 in a non-potted state.

The composite construction 2 has two on the support structure 3 overlying ceiling tiles 4 . 5 on. The supporting structure 3 is designed as a double-T carrier. The between the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 available space 6 is with the potting 7 shed. The casting 7 is a polymer concrete. Due to a plastic component contained in polymer concrete, tensile forces are on the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 act, from casting 7 received.

The supporting structure 3 has compounding agents 8th . 9 on. The composites 8th . 9 serve to anchor the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 , The ceiling plate 4 has a recess 12 for receiving the composite 8th on. The ceiling plate 4 has a recess 13 for receiving the composite 9 on. The composites 8th . 9 are designed as a head bolt dowel.

The recess 12 is from a concrete cover 10 the ceiling plate 4 covered. Furthermore, the ceiling plate 4 a reinforcement on, with part of the reinforcement in the recess 12 protrudes and the composite 8th embraces. This part of the reinforcement is at least one reinforcement loop 16 educated.

The recess 13 is from a concrete cover 11 the ceiling plate 5 covered. Furthermore, the ceiling plate 5 a reinforcement on, with part of the reinforcement in the recess 13 protrudes and the composite 9 embraces. This part of the reinforcement is at least one reinforcement loop 17 educated.

The casting 7 is between the concrete covers 10 . 11 in the recesses 12 . 13 and thus in the gap 6 brought in. Thus, additional forces, preferably shear forces, between adjacent plate edges of the ceiling panels 4 . 5 recordable and transferable.

The ceiling plate 4 points in the contact area to the potting 7 a contact surface 14 on. The ceiling plate 5 points in the contact area to the potting 7 a contact surface 15 on. In the present case are the contact surfaces 14 . 15 made of textured or washed concrete. This shows the cover plates 4 . 5 an enlarged surface for the casting 7 on. As a result, a desired roughness on the surfaces, which is a non-positive connection (gluing) of the potting 7 with the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 allows.

Alternatively, the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 in the contact area for potting 7 contact surfaces 14 . 15 have, which are reworked by means of a sandblast or a water jet method.

In the present case, the casting shows 7 a proportion of mineral substances, namely quartz sand, whose largest grain measures a grain size of not more than 6.0 mm.

The closer the ceiling panels are to each other, the narrower is the interspace between the ceiling panels 6 , The gap 6 in the present case is about 20 mm to 30 mm. Thus, the casting with the largest grain with a grain size of at most 6.0 mm can be easily introduced into the gap.

Furthermore, a sealing means 20 between the supporting structure 3 and the casting 7 is provided. The sealant 20 is designed as a sealing tape made of polyethylene. The sealant is on an upper surface across the entire width and length of the support structure 3 glued.

• – Einbringen des Polymerbetons 7 in den Zwischenraum 6.

To introduce the polymer concrete in the composite construction is a method for introducing the polymer concrete 7 in between the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 of the parking garage 1 existing gap 6 provided, with the ceiling panels 4 . 5 on the with compounding agents 8th . 9 provided support structure 3 rest, having the following step:

• - introducing the polymer concrete 7 in the gap 6 ,

After introducing the polymer concrete 7 in the gap 6 a conclusion of the polymer concrete takes place 7 on its upper side by means of a joint coating 19 , The joint coating 19 closes flush with the tops of the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 from.

By providing the polymer concrete a frictional connection of the ceiling panels with the support structure can be achieved. In addition, the polymer concrete also performs the task of sealing and crack bridging. He picks up the required strain paths, without tearing it.

Due to a plastic content contained in the polymer concrete, it is possible to absorb both tensile forces and tensile forces. He thus combines traction and serviceability. Furthermore, the polymer concrete has relatively short curing times compared to other encapsulants.

4 shows a schematic section BB through a part of an alternative composite construction of the parking garage 2 ,

In contrast to 3 is additionally a coupling link 18 intended. The coupling link 18 is (in the leaf level) keep the reinforcements 16 . 17 arranged. The coupling link 18 is formed in a circle-shaped to oval-shaped. The coupling link 18 is in the composite construction 2 inserted before reinforcement loops 16 . 17 the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 with the composites 8th . 9 get connected. The coupling link 18 surrounds the two composites 8th . 9 ,

By providing the coupling member 18 Tensile forces in the support system can be absorbed and removed even better.

5 shows a detail C of the alternative composite construction 4 in a non-cast state in plan view.

On the concrete coverings 10 . 11 the ceiling tiles 4 . 5 was omitted for the sake of clarity. The coupling link 18 surrounds the composite 8th . 9 as under 4 already mentioned. Furthermore, a chloride seal 21 as a molding still in the recesses 12 . 13 be provided to ensure a corresponding seal.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

car park

2

composite structure

3

supporting structure

4

ceiling tile

5

ceiling tile

6

gap

7

grouting

8th

composite means

9

composite means

10

Concrete cover

11

Concrete cover

12

recess

13

recess

14

contact area

15

contact area

16

reinforcement

17

reinforcement

18

coupling member

19

Seam Coater

20

sealing

21

chloride seal

Claims (9)

Parking garage ( 1 ) comprising at least one composite construction ( 2 ) with at least two on one with compounding agents ( 8th . 9 ) supporting structure ( 3 ) lying ceiling tiles ( 4 . 5 ), wherein at least part of a reinforcement of the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) on at least one side of the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) into the space ( 6 ) protrudes to the composite ( 8th . 9 ) and one between the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) existing space ( 6 ) with a potting ( 7 ), characterized in that the casting ( 7 ) is a polymer concrete. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein each ceiling panel ( 4 . 5 ) at least one recess ( 12 . 13 ) for receiving the composite ( 8th . 9 ) and each Aussparrung ( 12 . 13 ) of a concrete cover ( 10 . 11 ) of ceiling tiles ( 4 . 5 ), the potting ( 7 ) in the recess ( 12 . 13 ) is introduced. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) in the contact area to the potting ( 7 ) Contact surfaces ( 14 . 15 ) of textured or washed concrete. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) in the contact area to the potting ( 7 ) Contact surfaces ( 14 . 15 ), which are post-processed by means of a sandblast or a water jet method. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the potting ( 7 ) has a proportion of mineral substances whose largest grain measures a grain size of at most 6.0 mm. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a sealing means ( 20 ) between the supporting structure ( 3 ) and the casting ( 7 ) is provided. Parking garage ( 1 ) according to claim 6, wherein the sealing means ( 20 ) is a sealing tape which at least partially on an upper side of the supporting structure ( 3 ) is arranged. Process for introducing polymer concrete ( 7 ) in one between ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) of a parking garage ( 1 ) existing gap ( 6 ), the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) on a composite ( 8th . 9 ) supporting structure ( 3 ), comprising the step of: - introducing the polymer concrete ( 7 ) into the space ( 6 ). Process for introducing polymer concrete ( 7 ) in one between ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) of a parking garage ( 1 ) existing gap ( 6 ), the ceiling panels ( 4 . 5 ) on a composite ( 8th . 9 ) supporting structure ( 3 ), comprising the steps of: - introducing a first layer of polymer concrete ( 7 ) into the space ( 6 ) and - introducing at least one further layer of the polymer concrete ( 7 ) into the space ( 6 ), wherein an E-modulus of the further layer is different from that of the first layer.

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