DE102015002448B4 - Carrying loading system and ambulance - Google Patents

Abstract

Carrying loading system (T) for rapid loading of at least one patient support (PT) in a tight transport environment with the following features: - a telescopic central unit (Z) for receiving the patient support (PT), - a positioning device (P) acting on the central unit (Z) which can cause a change in height and a change in the inclination (a) of the central unit (Z), - wherein the positioning device (P) at least two intersecting struts (S1, S2) which are connected hinged to the central unit (Z) comprises, - And the positioning device (P) further comprises a first movement unit (B2) which acts on the first strut (S2) of the crossing struts (S1, S2), - and a second strut (S1) of the intersecting struts (S1 , S2) has a linearly movable end, characterized in that the first and second struts (S1, S2) intersect freely and are not connected to each other, and a second movement unit (B1) is present, the au f the linearly movable end of the second strut (S1) acts and the struts (S1, S2) by means of the moving units (B1, B2) are independently movable.

Description

The invention relates to a system for rapid loading, loading and unloading of patients on trolleys in ambulance and a corresponding ambulance.

In ambulances, among the well-known include emergency ambulance and ambulance, there are special forms that are used in the fields of civil protection, rapid response groups and the military. A typical representative of a military ambulance is the 4-carrier ambulance.

This type is primarily used to transport lightly injured people who do not require acute care while driving or who need to be evacuated immediately from a danger zone in the event of a military attack.

A typical design includes a structure with four straps, each side are located on the left and right of the vehicle wall two carrying racks superimposed, on each of which two patients can be spent on each other.

The carrying devices are usually folded up, so that a flat and large cargo area for other purposes in case of non-occupancy by patients arises. This can e.g. for a space-saving re-working of the carrying racks for the use of seats for light injuries, as is done in the Bundeswehr. Also mixed forms with one, two or three carriers are possible The Bundeswehr works around the carrying racks in such a way that up to 6 lightly injured ones can be transported space-savingly.

A concrete realization of a patient transport vehicle shows AT 233165 B , with a folding arrangement of two lateral stretcher platforms and a carrying platform in the middle for transporting up to 5 patients.

The EP 2 366 369 B1 describes a support module that includes a telescoping base unit for receiving a patient support.

The DE 2620939 A1 describes a stretcher storage rack with pivoting and telescoping guide rail for guiding a stretcher receiving a sub-stage.

The DE 1541315 A describes a tiltable about a transverse axis support platform, wherein the tilting movement is generated by means of a linkage and supported by resilient means.

The DE 2538411 A1 describes a stretcher support frame comprising a scissor table movable with a hydraulic or pneumatic aid having an extendable support platform, the scissors table having intersecting scissor arms for lifting the stretcher and inclination change. The two scissor arms are hinged together at their center. The scissors arms are divided into upper and lower arms. The upper scissor arm can be folded up to change the inclination of the stretcher platform.

The DE 20 2004 007 621 U1 describes a stretcher support frame with an extendable and tiltable carrying support, wherein the various positions are achieved by a movement of the entire system. In this case, the support storage rack on a movement system, which has a pair of scissors arrangement with two scissors arranged one behind the other, wherein the two scissors are independently operable.

JP H 11-19 130 A describes similar to the DE 20 2004 007 621 U1 an adjustable in height and tilt support storage rack with an arrangement of two successively arranged scissors. The two inner scissor arms are arranged in the form of a "V", wherein they use at their ends a common axis of rotation in the frame center and the outer scissor arms (designed as shock absorbers) are moved over two hydraulic cylinders.

The DE 1285673 A describes a sick wagon with a support frame for stretchers. The frame comprises a height and tilt adjustable slide frame, which includes the extendable carrier platform, and two toggle lever and two pressure cylinders, the two pressure cylinders can act independently from the inside to the front and rear knee joint of the toggle.

The GB 2286813 A describes a merely laterally movable support for a rollable stretcher on board a vehicle, wherein in the movable support a telescoping on the ground ramp is mounted and guided. The ramp is driven by the stretcher to then move it into the vehicle.

Due to the very tight space conditions in special vehicles, especially in military vehicles with and without armor, the patients to be transported often have to be accommodated in niche-like areas within the vehicle, the access is usually very small openings in the vehicle. In addition, there is typically a considerable amount Height difference between the loading level, the surrounding soil / ground level and the patient positioning position in the vehicle, so that the loading height is significantly above the civil demands in the context of DIN EN 1789_2014-12 regarding the maximum values of loading height and loading angle.

It is an object of the invention to provide a lightweight and flexible loading and unloading system for rapid transport positioning of at least one patient, on one or more levels, in tight spatial conditions, such as those in a military transport, with an individual adjustment of the loading angle or Loading height, to create.

This object is achieved with the carrier loading system according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims. An ambulance using the carry-load system is claimed in claim 9.

With the carrier loading system according to the invention, it is possible to quickly and flexibly bring at least one lying on a stretcher in a vehicle or means of transport or environment and later unload it, the storage of the patient takes place at least on one level in a patient transport car.

Likewise, the invention can also be used for emergency ambulances, ambulances, as well as for other situations, the cramped conditions as well as large height differences in the loading have such. Wounded transport in a mobile shelter or container.

The inventive solution is characterized by an easy to handle and safe operating concept. It can also be designed as a lightweight construction.

The invention essentially consists of a positioning device, which is connected to a telescopic central unit which receives the patient support. The positioning device is responsible for the inclination and vertical position or height of the central unit, which is designed so that two independently movable struts are used, which considered laterally over the entire stroke (ie in a direction perpendicular to the plane of movement of the struts; Direction corresponds to the transverse direction of the patient support, if this is intended to be arranged on the central unit) have an intersection. The struts may also be implemented as multiple parallel strut pairs or a mixture of a parallel pair and a single strut according to the previous conditions similar to a scissors table. The struts are preferably mounted at opposite ends of the central unit with respect to the longitudinal direction (corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the patient support, insofar as it is intended to be attached to the central unit) and are moved via an actuation system. As actuation system for the struts, which are rotatably mounted on the central unit or on the vehicle, linear actuators are expediently used, which make a force or movement initiation in the struts and thereby control the tilting over the transverse axis and the height adjustment of the central unit.

A control can be done individually manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically, depending on the control or control device used.

The above-mentioned central unit can be designed such that it contains receiving elements for the patient support, which allow (advantageously a guided) lateral movement, perpendicular to the movement plane of the patient support conveyed by the positioning device. This is particularly advantageous for a displacement of the patient support from the carrier loading system in predetermined wear recordings within the ambulance.

For loading the central unit, an integrated into the central unit guideway for the receiving element is advantageous, which allows a longitudinal movement during loading and unloading.

The central unit forms the interface for receiving the patient support, wherein the insertion of the support into the receiving elements, which are positioned on the central unit takes place.

The invention will be described with reference to a concrete embodiment with reference to 1 to 13 explained in more detail:

• 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem in 3D-Ansicht
• 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem in Seitenansicht in Höhe H1 (ohne Aufnahmeelemente A)
• 3 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem in Seitenansicht in Höhe H2 (ohne Aufnahmeelemente A)
• 4 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem in Seitenansicht in geneigter und vollständig teleskopierter Darstellung (ohne Aufnahmeelemente A)
• 5 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem als Übersichtszeichnung für den Patientenbeladungs- bzw. Entladevorgang
• 6 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 1
• 7 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 2
• 8 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 3
• 9 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 4
• 10 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 5
• 11 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 6
• 12a,b ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 7 in verschiedenen Ansichten
• 13 ein erfindungsgemäßes Tragenverladesystem Beladung Schritt 8

Show it:

• 1 an inventive carrier loading system in 3D view
• 2 an inventive carrier loading system in side view at height H1 (without receiving elements A)
• 3 an inventive carrier loading system in side view at height H2 (without receiving elements A)
• 4 an inventive carrier loading system in side view in inclined and fully telescoped representation (without receptacles A)
• 5 an inventive carrier loading system as an overview drawing for the patient loading or unloading
• 6 an inventive load-loading system loading step 1
• 7 an inventive load handling system loading step 2
• 8th an inventive load handling system loading step 3
• 9 an inventive load handling system loading step 4
• 10 an inventive load-loading system loading step 5
• 11 an inventive load handling system loading step 6
• 12a , b an inventive load-carrying system loading step 7 in different views
• 13 an inventive load-loading system loading step 8

In 1 to 4 is an exemplary representation of the invention carrying loading system T shown in different states and in the 5 and 11 a corresponding ambulance. The carrier loading system T comprises as essential elements a positioning device P and a telescopic central unit Z and z. B. on a patient transport vehicle (see 5 ) can be arranged.

The central unit Z includes the receiving elements A for the patient support, guide track F for the movement of the receiving elements A in the longitudinal direction and the telescoping device TP.

The telescoping device TP consists, as in the example in 4 to see at complete telescoping of the central unit Z, from the two telescopic elements TE, as well as the outer frame R of the central unit Z, which forms another telescopic element.

The positioning device P includes the independently movable and crossed struts S1, S2. How to look in particular from the 1 recognizes, in the embodiment shown for each of the two struts S1, S2 each have a parallel strut available. In the following, two parallel struts together with S1 and S2 are referred to.

The two independent struts S1, S2 are rotatably connected to the central unit Z (see 2 . 3 . 4 ). An actuation system comprises the movement units B1, B2, the concrete embodiment in the illustrated example showing a movement of the struts S1, S2 via 3 actuators, two actuators on the strut S1 and an actuator on the strut S2. At least each independent strut (or parallel strut pair) S1, S2 requires an actuator, so that at least two actuators form the movement units B1, B2. The actuator may, for example, as in 2 . 3 . 4 be designed as a linear lifting cylinder, which has a piston with cylinder eye.

The attachment of the struts S1, S2 and movement units B1, B2 typically takes place on the vehicle structure. The lower end of the strut S2 (see 2 . 3 . 4 ), which is not connected to the central unit Z and is located on the loading-close side of the positioning means P, is mounted rotatably mounted on the vehicle structure.

The lower end of the strut S1 (see 2 . 3 . 4 1), which is not connected to the central unit Z and located on the load side remote side, as shown in the example rotatably mounted on the cylinder eye of the movement unit B1, and is thus linearly movable ie the lower end of the strut S1 is linear in the direction of movement of the lifting cylinder moves (see stroke change from B1 to 2 and 3 ). In the case of the movement unit B1, the actuators are fixed to the vehicle structure or, in the case of the movement unit B2, the actuator is connected rotatably to the latter, wherein the angle between the longitudinal axis of the actuator and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle changes during the movement (see position of B2 in FIG 2 and 3 ).

2 to 4 show a schematic representation of the movement and Teleskopierzustände the Carrying loading system T in side view, orthogonal to the lifting and Teleskopierrichtung the central unit Z. The positioning means P changed by controlling the moving units B1, B2, visible from the change of Aktuatorenhubs and the position of the cylinder eyes Deflection of the struts S1, S2 with respect to height and inclination of the central unit Z, whereby the height change from H1 to H2 corresponding to H2 = H1 + ΔX in the 2 . 3 results.

It can be seen here that the projected fictitious crossing point of the struts S1, S2, in the representation of the movements in the 2 - 4 according to moves, from 2 to 3 moves up and finally at 4 has moved to the lower right in the image, thus can move freely in the plane, which is a significant advantage compared to a scissor table, which includes only one degree of freedom along its axis of motion.

4 shows a possible receiving position for the patient support PT, which shows the fully telescoped central unit Z with the telescopic elements TE, wherein the angle alpha α indicates the inclination of the central unit Z with respect to the longitudinal axis of the transport, by individually controlling the movement units B1, B2 individually is adjustable.

In addition, one sees the rotatable attachment points BP of the struts S1, S2 indicated on the central unit structure, as well as the storage points or pivot points for the movement units B1, B2, which are shown in this example as actuators. The struts S1, S2 are rotatably mounted longitudinally at various locations on the central unit Z, on the near and far side relative to the loading opening.

A typical value for the loading angle alpha α is 16 °, however, angles of 0 ° can be approached to the technical limits in the positive and negative directions of rotation, with only positive angles having practical relevance, as these cause a reduction in the transfer height of the loading operation , If the angles are too large, there is a risk of the patient slipping off the stretcher.

The 5 to 13 show exemplarily a Beladeablauf to explain the invention and its function divided into a choice of 8 steps.

5 shows a schematic representation of a section of a 4-carrier ambulance during loading or unloading the patient support PT, wherein rough outlines of the vehicle transport space Fz are outlined and 4 stretcher receptacles TA are recognizable with a corresponding guide FA in the transport space.

The invention and its function will be described using the example of the loading, wherein the 6 to 13 the loading process divided into representative steps show. This process follows the preparation phase, according to 1 to 4 in which the carrying loading system T, is moved into the receiving position by tilting and telescoping the central unit Z.

The receiving elements A are individually and free to remove or insert from the guide FT or F of the central unit Z (similar to how inserts in a magazine or within which are moved). For patient accommodation, the receiving elements are placed in the corresponding guides FT and the upper receiving element A along the guideway F to the lower end, the closer to the bottom and inclined side, moved. After carrying out said steps, the sequence of which can be carried out variably, the carrying loading system T is prepared for receiving the patient support PT in the setting-up phase.

step 1 according to 6 shows the positioning of the system to a receiving angle alpha a, this angle, the transfer or receiving height conditional, the central unit Z is fully telescoped and the positioning of the upper receiving element A has been carried out in the receiving position for receiving the patient support PT. 5 . 6 shows the patient support PT, wherein the head-side supporting feet TF are already inserted into the upper receiving element A, expediently, the receiving element A includes a lock. The said locks the support feet TF serve to increase the security, but are not a prerequisite for the inventive implementation of the carrier loading system T.

Then follow step 2 the pushing up of the receiving element A, along the guideway F, this may for example be designed as a C-rail, with the patient to the upper end position. In this position, the foot-side support feet TF in the lower nor free receiving element A, which is located in the guide FT, set down and conveniently locked. The now reached position shows 7 ,

In step 3 the complete telescoping of the central unit Z is reduced to an intermediate position, after which the change in the inclination to the horizontal is achieved by movement of the struts S1, S2. This will be in 8th achieved by the complete insertion of one of the telescopic elements TE. This intermediate position can be provided according to the respective requirements arbitrarily between the basic position (undelivered) and the complete telescoping. Even if a complete withdrawal of the telescoping of the central unit Z without intermediate position in one step would be possible, the introduction of the patient for ergonomic reasons, as shown advantageously via the intermediate position.

The introduction of the central unit Z, regardless of whether there is a patient support PT as described above, is done manually by a sliding movement into the vehicle until reaching the intermediate position. If necessary, the angle α α of the central unit Z can be reduced for easier movement. The application of force for the sliding movement takes place either via the frame of the central unit Z or via the patient support PT.

A complete retraction of the inclination angle alpha α takes place in step 4 ( 9 ), if not already in step 3 done, this leads to a horizontal orientation Alpha α = 0 ° of the central unit Z. Then the insertion takes place (step 5 ) of the remaining telescoping, wherein now all the telescopic elements TE are within the central unit Z, according to 10 , The telescopic device expediently includes TP interlocks.

In 11 according to step 6 the vertical positioning of the carrier loading system T takes place on the desired transfer height of the carrier mount TA. How to get in 5 recognizes, there are 4 carrier tapes TA on two different levels. After reaching the transfer height and releasing the appropriate locks of the receiving elements A takes place a lateral movement of the receiving elements A along the guide FT in the direction of the support holder TA in accordance 12a . 12b (Step 7 ), wherein the carrying holder TA expediently guides FA (eg rails) for the receiving elements A contains.

After moving the patient along the guides FT, FA according to the arrows of 12a . 12b in the final position according to 13 , An appropriate locking of the receiving elements A. takes place. This represents the transport position in which the further transport is possible with the ambulance.

The unloading process is correspondingly in reverse order of steps 1 to 8th perform. For further loading with patients, for each additional patient support PT, a new pair of receiving elements A are to be inserted into the central unit Z, correspondingly to be taken during the unloading process, then the procedure is as described above.

The storage of the receiving elements A takes place advantageously within the transport vehicle. The attachment of the carrier loading system T in the corresponding means of transport, e.g. in the vehicle compartment, work space, container, mobile shelter, truck bed, etc., takes place in a connection method known to the person skilled in the art, e.g. by direct screwing with the transport structure or indirectly when using a corresponding adapter, so that this point is not described in detail.

The folding stretcher supports TA are to be mounted in the vehicle so that a transfer of the receiving elements is ensured at the appropriate transfer level, in which case a corresponding guide or lock on the stretcher receptacle is expedient. An attachment of the stretcher support in the vehicle, as well as any lowering variants, are not described in detail and are expertly for the use of the carrier loading system T execute.

Claims (10)

Carrying loading system (T) for rapid loading of at least one patient support (PT) in a tight transport environment with the following features: - a telescopic central unit (Z) for receiving the patient support (PT), - a positioning device (P) acting on the central unit (Z) which can cause a change in height and a change in the inclination (a) of the central unit (Z), - wherein the positioning device (P) at least two intersecting struts (S1, S2) which are connected hinged to the central unit (Z) comprises, - And the positioning means (P) further comprises a first movement unit (B2) which acts on the first strut (S2) of the crossing struts (S1, S2), - and a second strut (S1) of the intersecting struts (S1 , S2) has a linearly movable end, characterized in that the first and second struts (S1, S2) intersect freely and are not connected to each other, and a second movement unit (B1) is present, which acts on the linearly movable end of the second strut (S1) and the struts (S1, S2) by means of the moving units (B1, B2) are independently movable. Carrying loading system (T) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the central unit (Z) receiving elements (A) for the patient support (PT), wherein the receiving elements (A) allow a lateral movement of the patient support (PT). Carrying loading system (T) after Claim 2 , characterized in that the central unit (Z) for the receiving elements (A) has a guide (FT) for the lateral movement. Carrying loading system (T) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central unit (Z) for the receiving elements (A) contains a guide track (F) for the movement in the longitudinal direction. Carrying loading system (T) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving element (A) comprises a locking mechanism for the support feet (TF). Carrying loading system (T) according to one of the preceding Claims 3 to 5 , characterized in that the receiving elements (A) can be removed freely from their guide (F, FT). Carrying loading system (T) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for movement of the positioning device (P) actuators as movement units (B1, B2) are present. Carrying loading system (T) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positioning device (P) allows a combined lifting and tilting movement of the platform over the transverse axis, wherein the height and the inclination (α) can be controlled individually. Ambulance with - Carrying system (T) according to one of the Claims 1 - 8th - a plurality of carrying receptacles (TA) for supporting a patient support (PT), characterized in that the carrying receptacles (TA) guides (FA) for the receiving elements (A), wherein the receiving elements (A) laterally along the guide (FT) of the carrier loading system ( T) on the guides (FA) can be moved. Ambulance after Claim 9 , characterized in that the carrying receptacle (TA) has latches for the receiving elements (A) in order to secure the patient support (PT) in its end position.

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