DE102014207710B4 - Printing machine for printing a substrate by means of at least one inkjet printhead - Google Patents

Abstract

Printing machine (01) with at least one first printing unit (211; 411) arranged downstream of a printing material source in the printing material path, by means of which a printing material (02) supplied to and / or deliverable to the printing unit (211; 411) by means of at least one ink jet printing head (212; 412) of Printing unit (211, 411) can be printed on at least one first substrate side, wherein in the printing material path preceding the first printing unit (211; 411) a cooling device is provided on the side of the substrate side to be printed in the first printing unit (211; 411) (218; 418) is provided, by which at least a region of the surface of at least the first printing unit (02) to be printed in the first printing unit (211; 411) of the printing medium (02) is directly or indirectly at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature (T) ( T1) can be cooled, characterized in that the cooling means (218; 418) is a substrate (02) applicator device (218; 418) is provided, which is present when acted upon in whole or at least in parts as a solid or as a liquid phase, whose or their state of aggregation under the ambient conditions present in the atmosphere surrounding the printing material (02) in the printing machine and / or under normal conditions but gaseous is.

Description

The invention relates to a printing press for printing a printing material by means of at least one ink jet printing head according to claim 1.

Various printing methods are known which can be used in printing presses. One such printing method is ink jet printing or ink jet printing. In this case, individual ink or ink droplets are ejected from nozzles of printheads and transferred to a substrate in such a way that results in a printed image on the substrate. By individual control of a plurality of nozzles so different print images can be created. There is no fixed printing form and thus it is possible to design each individual print product individually. As a result, personalized printed products can be produced and / or small runs of printed products can be produced at low cost due to the saving of the printing forme.

By the DE 10 2011 076 899 A1 a printing machine is known which has at least one printing unit and at least one print head designed as an inkjet printhead.

In the following, the term "printing ink" is to be understood in the sense of a liquid or at least flowable colorant to be printed in the printing machine, which, however, is not intended to delineate the colorant as "ink", but is intended to include it.

In the industrial application of inkjet processes for the production of - possibly additionally individualized - mass printing on substrates with non-normalized surfaces, eg. As different materials and / or paper types, the color or ink drops spread very differently. The substrate surface influences the drop spreading z. B. from twice to five times the diameter of the original drop. In order to counteract such effects and to homogeneously distribute the pigments on the surface without losing the reflectance power of the pigments in the paper, a wide variety of processes are known, which are based on chemical, chemical-physical or purely physical interaction between the ink and an optionally. pre-coated substrate based. In addition to a so-called. Precoating is possible to vary the drop size and thus the water content of the ink.

So revealed the DE 10 2006 004 341 A1 For example, a pretreatment and / or pre-coating of non-absorbent substrates for printing with an ink jet printer by means of a polymerizable, acrylate-containing ink, wherein ink is applied to the coating on the coating time or space-dependent before applying the ink (inline) on the substrate or the ink regardless of the application of the coating is applied to the substrate, wherein optionally with a tempering the applied to the substrate or the coating ink can be heat treated.

In the US 2011/0217489 A1 discloses a printing material comprising an inner, non-water-absorbing layer and on at least one side to be printed, an ink-receiving layer. The latter comprises inorganic microparticles wherein a total amount of a cationic polymer and a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt present in this layer is at most 0.8 g / m ² .

An Indian US 5,851,651 A disclosed inkjet printing sheet comprises a paper whose BEKK roughness is 500 s and more and whose Cobb water absorption is between 17 and 54 g / m ² . On a surface, the printing material sheet comprises a coating, wherein a ratio between the amounts of pigment contained and a binder is about 3: 1.

The US 8,227,054 B2 discloses a printing substrate which comprises as a base a paper, a first layer with a binder and a second layer with white pigments and acid.

In the US 4,515,833 A there is disclosed an aqueous coating solution for the production of cast coated papers. The pigment content comprises at least 5% by weight of CaCO ₃ having an average particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 μm.

By the WO 2013/132439 A1 is a printing ink for an inkjet printing process known. To solve the problems associated with indirect inkjet printing when applying color to the z. B. silicon-containing transfer tape to counteract, the ink includes, inter alia, an organic polymer.

The dispersion medium, e.g. For example, water or an aqueous solvent must be removed after application of the paint to the substrate with ink adhered to the substrate. The removal of the liquid dispersion medium can be done in different ways, which fluid can be bound in different ways in the color and / or on the substrate. In the case of water or an aqueous phase z. B. are basically differentiated between chemically and physically bound water. For the removal of purely physically bound Water, z. As water on the surface or in capillaries, usually less energy must be expended than for the removal of chemically bound water, such as in hydrated substances.

By the EP 2 202 081 A1 and the JP 2003-063707 A In each case, a printing press is known, wherein the printing press has a first printing unit and a dryer, wherein the first printing unit has a central cylinder with its own, the first central cylinder associated drive motor and at least one ink jet print head.

By the US 5 566 616 A a printing machine is known, which has a rotatable central cylinder, ink jet print heads, a dryer and a cooling device, wherein the dryer operates optionally with temperature and draft or with radiation-induced crosslinking.

By the US 6 053 107 A a printing machine is known which has a driven central cylinder and a dryer with cooling device.

The US 2011/0069104 A1 discloses an image recording apparatus with inkjet printheads which are directed to a transport drum transporting the substrate. In order to avoid a precipitation of humidity at the devices, the printing material is cooled down before entering the pressure points by exposure to a stream of air. The lowest temperature intended for the air flow is, for example, 18 °.

By the DE 10 2005 062 203 A1 is a method for transporting a printing material sheet in an inkjet printheads comprehensive printing machine known, with a z. B. formed as water means is sprayed as an adhesive on a sheet support surface or the sheet surface facing this. The subsequent contact with the cooled below the freezing point of the means sheet support surface creates a compound formed on the ice. A prerequisite for the use of such hydroadhesive adhesive forces is, inter alia, a low thermal conductivity of the material to be held, which is true for the majority of printable papers and boxes.

In the JP 2008 137158 A Cooling gas is blown onto the substrate directly in front of a printing unit on the side to be printed.

The invention has for its object to provide a printing machine for printing a substrate by means of at least one ink jet print head.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

An outstanding advantage is the method or the printing press with respect to the - comparatively for inkjet printing - cost-effective and / or particularly versatile, yet high quality requirements sufficient production possibility in particular a printing press, by which an individualized production of mass printing products and / or an economic pressure of short runs is possible.

It is of particular advantage that this provides an alternative for an environmentally friendly and / or cost-effective printing press, which nevertheless enables a high quality standard and, in a special development, an "inline control" of the print quality.

As a result of the cooling of the printing ink applied to the printing material, the destabilization of the dispersion can be induced and / or controlled. This is based on the fact that the stability of dispersions of certain characteristics and composition, eg. B., inter alia, based on water dispersions, is temperature dependent. For example, they become unstable below a certain temperature. A subsequent drying after the decay - for example, using a drying aid such. As a dryer and / or a blower - then requires a significantly lower energy consumption.

In contrast to chemical precoating agents, there is no application of substances that remain on or after the drying of the ink on the printed product and could possibly cause problems in disposal. The treatment of the printing material is done here completely residue-free.

In order to obtain the pigments and as far as possible the majority of the applied ink or paint on the surface, the application of cold in an advantageous embodiment is preceded by the application of the ink. This is - assuming a suitable low final temperature of the substrate surface - the impinging, based on a water dispersion color unstable. The solid particles agglomerate and settle on the substrate.

Coagulation and / or coagulation processes can thus be purposefully influenced and accelerated by the controlled cooling of the printing material by causing and / or controlling the disintegration of the dispersion and thus a phase separation. By varying the strength of the Cooling, z. B ,. The amount of applied cooling fluid, thus the viscosity of the applied color and / or the adhesion or the agglomeration in the color, and thereby the subsequent drying and / or the so-called. Interbleeding (merging of individual color points) and / or the show through targeted influenced or even controlled.

In the preferred embodiment of the cooling by applying a liquid fluid is particularly advantageous that the fluid manages without any solids content and thereby possibly caused problems during storage and delivery.

Of particular importance is an embodiment in which using the cold application an extended and / or large range of substrates of different surface finish, especially in an advantageous embodiment, non-absorbent or low-absorbent substrates and / or materials in industrial inkjet printing can be printed or be printed. In one embodiment, in which as a substrate z. B. wood-containing paper with a basis weight between 35 to 80 g / m ² and / or with a surface to be printed, which does not necessarily have to be treated extra and / or smoothed, can with a comparatively cheaper paper, z. B. newspaper and / or offset paper, z. B. an uncoated or slightly or slightly chipped, but otherwise not additionally further surface-treated paper produced. It does not require expensive special papers, as it has been required in Qualitätsinkjetdruck so far.

In one embodiment, it is possible to dispense with a surface refinement known from the prior art or a pretreatment with a corona device in the printing material path of the printing press for the pretreatment of the printing substrates to be printed.

In an advantageous development, an application device for applying energy is provided by which (s) starting and / or accelerating the polymerization process is achieved. As a result, a deep penetration and / or bleeding of the color pigments is additionally impeded even for substrates not specially optimized for inkjet printing.

By a particularly preferred embodiment of the printing ink with a polymer, penetration of the color pigments together with the aqueous phase into the printing material can be hindered in conjunction with the cold application. As a result, the print image wins in terms of sharpness and color depth. The polymer may advantageously be a styrenic polymer, a halogenated hydrocarbon polymer, a vinyl polymer, a fluorinated acrylic polymer, a flourished or non-fluorinated methacrylic polymer, a polyether copolymer or copolymers thereof, or a mixture of two or more of the above however, it is preferably formed as an acrylic-based polymer or copolymer or, alternatively, as an ethylene polymer, a propylene polymer or a butene polymer. The ink is preferably formed aqueous, which in addition to the o. G. Stability behavior u. a. Environmental and wastewater disposal benefits.

Particularly advantageous is the printing of an o. G. Substrate using the refrigeration application in terms of total cost and / or variability for the printing press in the choice of substrates. Even when printing a z. B. not inketoptimierten paper with the polymer-containing water-based ink is a high quality achievable.

In an embodiment of the printing machine which is advantageous with regard to the machine outlay, it can work in a direct method, with the printing ink or ink passing through the print heads directly onto the substrate, ie. H. the substrate is applied. In a possibly more elaborate, but u. U. with regard to the paint application advantageous variant may alternatively be provided an indirect method using a particular designed as a transfer cylinder transfer means.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Show it:

1 a schematic representation of a printing press with a) a first and b) an alternative web guide;

2 a schematic representation of a portion of a printing unit in a first embodiment with a double row of printheads, an upstream and an additional optional downstream application device and an air sword;

3 a schematic representation of a portion of a printing unit in a second embodiment with four indicated double rows of printheads, an upstream and an additional optional downstream application device;

4 an illustration of the active principle of cooling with a) a freshly applied with fluid substrate, b) the substrate with partially fluid already evaporated, c) the state of the printing material after completely evaporated fluid, d) a color drop applied to the printing substrate in the case of cooling with a large temperature gradient, e) a paint drop applied to the printing ink in the event of cooling with a smaller temperature gradient , f) for the case without cooling of the printing material and g) in a variant with Eisschicht trained in cooling.

A printing press 01 has at least one printing material source 100 , at least a first printing unit 200 Preferably, at least one first drying-promoting agent, ie first drying aid, is preferred 301 , z. B. a first dryer 301 , preferably at least a second printing unit 400 and preferably at least a second drying assisting agent, ie, drying aid 331 , z. B. a second dryer 331 and preferably at least one post-processing device 500 on. The printing press 01 is also preferred as an inkjet printing machine 01 educated. The printing press is preferred 01 as a roll printing machine 01 formed, more preferably as a roller inkjet printing machine 01 , The printing press 01 can basically with one in the area of the pressure points, ie a pressure line of a printing unit 200 ; 400 free-floating, ie not supported on the reverse side 02 , z. As one over the pressure point comprehensive free length stretched web 02 , operated and / or executed. However, it is advantageous as a printing press 01 executed, wherein the substrate 02 on its conveyor line from entry into a first to the exit of a last, of several on a same side of the printing material 02 successively acting and / or a same printing unit 200 ; 400 attributable pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 at least one support point by a Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 is supported on the back. This one printing unit 200 ; 400 and / or printing material side from the first to the last printing location D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 attributable conveyor line can be referred to below as the one printing substrate and / or printing unit associated pressure line. As pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 are in this case in the conveying direction successive sections referred to, on which the printing material passed thereto 02 is applied with a printing ink of the same color. A printing unit 200 ; 400 in this case, only one pressure point D1.1; D2.1, for example for the color black. The pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 can connect directly to each other in space or else, eg. B. by color, spaced from each other. The term pressure point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 is also a section fall, the -. B. without interruption by another color - several successive jobs of a same color. If, however, single or multiple application points of a color, as viewed in the conveying direction, are separated by a single or multiple application point of a different color, they provide, in this sense, two different pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4. In the case of only one pressure point D1.1; D2.1 puts these in the following simultaneously the first and the last print position D1.1; D2.1 of the relevant printing unit 200 ; 400 or one of the printing unit 200 ; 400 included printing unit 211 ; 411 represents.

The printing unit 200 ; 400 associated printing material guide 201 ; 401 comprises the one or more guiding and / or conveying means of the printing unit 200 ; 400 associated conveying section, which extends at least over the above-mentioned conveying path or pressure section. This can be an above-mentioned central cylinder 201 ; 401 , a z. B. freely co-rotating or advantageously positively driven roller, roller or belt conveyor, or possibly a fixed, but preferably executed with friction-reducing surface one or more parts Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 be.

In a z. In 1a . 1b and 2 shown and preferred example is that of the printing material side and / or printing unit 200 ; 400 assigned printing material guide 201 ; 401 through a rotating, the substrate 02 leading cylinder 201 ; 401 executed. The guiding and / or subsidizing means 201 ; 401 This is through the cylinder 201 ; 401 self-educated. In the case of an indirect ink jet printing process this is with z. As a likewise rotating transfer cylinder or a rotating belt as a transmission medium, acting together and / or the printing press 01 as an indirect roll inkjet printing machine 01 , educated. In the embodiment shown here is the printing press 01 for direct inkjet printing, ie without transfer means, formed.

In a z. B. in Fig. 3 schematically illustrated example, the the printing material side and / or printing unit 200 ; 400 assigned printing material guide 201 ; 401 by a plurality of conveying and / or conveying means in the conveying direction, for. As rollers or rollers, comprehensive conveyor 201 ; 401 , z. B. roller or roller conveyor, be formed. This could be the guiding and / or funding 201.1 ; 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ; 201.5 ( 401.1 ; 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ; 401.5 ) all freely co-rotating, all forcibly driven or preferably a part of the guiding and / or conveying means 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ( 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ), in particular upstream of the pressure line initially upstream and downstream of the pressure section initially downstream, forcibly driven and part of the guide and / or funding 201.1 ; 201.5 ( 401.1 ; 401.5 ), in particular the intermediate, freely rotatable be formed. In a modification can be used as a conveyor 201 ; 401 one on such guidance and / or funding 201.1 ; 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ; 201.5 ( 401.1 ; 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ; 401.5 ) running band guide may be provided.

In unrepresented alternative that of the printing unit 200 ; 400 or substrate side associated Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 - At least in the region of the pressure line - be formed by a one or more parts executed, preferably designed with friction-reducing surface non-rotating slideway.

In the case of a roll printing press 01 is the source of printing material 100 as Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 educated. In the case of a sheet-fed press, the printing material source 100 as a sheet feeder and / or the Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 formed with gripping and / or holding devices. In the substrate source 100 At least one printing material is preferred 02 aligned, preferably at least with respect to an edge of this substrate 02 , In the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 a roll printing machine 01 becomes at least one web-shaped substrate 02 So a printing material web 02 , preferably a paper web 02 from a substrate roll 101 unwound and preferably aligned with respect to their edges in an axial direction A. The axial direction A is preferably a direction A, which is parallel to a rotation axis 111 a substrate roll 101 and / or at least one central cylinder 201 ; 401 and / or transversely to the transport direction of the printing material guide 201 ; 401 extends. A transport path of the at least one printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 runs after the at least one printing material source 100 preferably by the at least one first printing unit 200 where the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 preferably by means of at least one printing ink at least on one side and preferably in conjunction with the at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably provided on two sides with a printed image.

After passing the at least one first printing unit 200 the transport path of the printing material passes through 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 prefers the at least one first dryer 301 to dry the applied ink. Printing ink is to be understood in the foregoing and generally below as a coating agent, in particular as explained in more detail below, in particular polymer-containing and / or based on a water dispersion printing ink. Preferably, the at least one first dryer 301 Part of a dryer unit 300 , After passing the at least one first dryer 301 and preferably the at least one second printing unit 400 and / or the at least one second dryer 331 becomes the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 Preferably, the at least one post-processing device 500 fed and further processed there. The at least one post-processing device 500 is, for example, as at least one single or multi-stage folding device 500 and / or as a take-up device 500 and / or as at least one planned expense 500 educated. In the at least one single or multi-stage folding device 500 is the preferred two-sided printed substrate 02 preferably further processed into individual printed products, which simultaneously represent the final products to be produced or form intermediates for subsequent further processing and / or a later gathering.

Preferred is along the transport path of the printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 through the printing press 01 after the at least one first printing unit 200 preferably at least the first dryer 301 and / or after the at least one first dryer 301 preferably at least the second printing unit 400 and / or after the at least one second printing unit 400 preferably, the at least one second dryer 331 and / or after the at least one second dryer 331 Preferably, the at least one post-processing device 500 arranged. This ensures that a double-sided printing of the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 in high quality.

In a preferred embodiment of the printing press 01 this is in at least one operating situation with a binder, in particular a designed as a polymer or at least comprehensive binder containing, and / or based on a water dispersion ink operable and / or is operated with such a printing ink, which described below using particularly advantageous examples is, and / or is or is with a the printing material of the printing unit 200 ; 400 associated pre- or post-treatment, eg. B. the last printing area D1.4; D2.4 after or advantageously the first pressure point D1.1; D2.1 upstream treatment, using a facility 218 ; 418 , too. B. Cooling device 218 ; 418 , operable and / or operated, by which in the operation of the printing material 02 even before reaching this pressure point D1.1; D2.1 medium and / or direct heat is withdrawn or withdrawn. Additionally, it can be used with a chemical and / or energetic aftertreatment 217 ; 417 and / or possibly another, the above-mentioned device 218 ; 418 z. B. upstream and not shown pretreatment under respective application of a z. B. purpose designed application device 217 ; 417 be operable and / or operated.

The substrate 02 medium and / or immediate heat extracting device 218 ; 418 can the "heat extraction" directly by conduction through a contact with a temperature below ambient temperature having, z. B. cooled surface, ie by cooling over a temperature gradient to a heat sink out of a corresponding cooling element 218 ; 418 or by applying and cooling the printing material 02 with a fluid having a temperature lower than the ambient and / or normal temperature, that is to say cooling by way of a temperature gradient into the colder fluid, or by application of a fluid which has a solid or liquid phase in whole or at least in part, whose state of aggregation differs before and / or when it is applied from that which exists for this fluid or the part in question in ambient and / or normal steady state conditions in the printing press (cooling by removal of melt, sublimation and / or or evaporation enthalpy). In the environmental conditions for the substrate 02 For example, in the printing machine surrounding atmosphere are temperatures of 10 ° C (283.15 K) to 40 ° C (313.15 K) at a pressure of, for example, 900 hPa to 1100 hPa. In other words, in which fluid to be applied to a fluid, which before application to the substrate 02 is in a state that is present in at least one of the state variables, e.g. B. by higher pressure and / or by lower temperature, of the present under ambient and / or normal conditions, above state variables (pressure, temperature), and / or which after application to the substrate 02 in whole or at least in part by melting, sublimation and / or evaporation changes its state of aggregation. This can be, for example, a fluid in the manner of a so-called "cold spray".

The term "fluid" may in this context - in addition to a liquid or a gas - also a fluidized by a gas or liquid phase and / or powdered solid be taken.

It is particularly advantageous in the latter method and / or execution of the heat removal is the application of a fluid which is present upon application in whole or at least in parts as a solid or preferably as a liquid phase, whose state of aggregation under the in the the substrate 02 ambient condition present in the printing machine ambient atmosphere and / or under normal condition, however, is gaseous. Thus, the transitioned into the gas phase fluid or at least the part affected by the phase transition, for example, residue-free from the substrate 02 or escape from the surface. The fluid to be applied here is advantageously a mixture which is volatile under ambient and / or normal conditions or which comprises a component whose boiling point is below, in particular significantly lower than, preferably at least 5 ° C. above ambient or normal temperature. In a preferred embodiment, this is a fluid of or with a substance whose boiling point is below 0 ° C or below 273.15 ° C.

The fluid which performs all or part of the phase transition in an above-mentioned manner can be pressurized to a higher pressure than the ambient condition and / or normal condition and / or may have a lower temperature compared to the ambient condition and / or the normal condition. In the case of a lower temperature, the application both cools the printing substrate 02 by heating the fluid as well as a cooling of the printing material 02 by at least partial withdrawal of the phase transition, z. B. the evaporation, required amount of energy, eg. B. enthalpy of vaporization.

The in o. G. Volatile fluid can be in a z. B. in terms of the order particularly advantageous embodiment under an overpressure, d. H. a relation to the ambient pressure and / or normal pressure significantly higher pressure, stationary gas or gas mixture, ie a liquefied gas, such. As nitrogen, carbon dioxide or air, his. In another, z. As regards the lower pressures advantageous embodiment, the fluid and carbon dioxide in solid, but preferably powdered form, in particular as z. B. by its own vapor phase fluidized dry ice or carbon dioxide snow, be or include.

The cooling of the printing material 02 or the order with an appropriate amount of fluid is now such that a surface layer of the printing substrate on the possibly just freshly printed (and not yet dried) or preferably first to be printed side -. B. to a certain depth into - a lower than the ambient and / or normal conditions lower maximum temperature T _K , z. B. target temperature T _K , which causes a precipitation of the solid, ie the color pigments, from the applied ink and / or at least causes the precipitation of a minimum share and thus the process of precipitation thus abuts. With the bumping and in particular its strength can be a onset and progression of gelation and / or agglomeration and thus a so-called. Spreiten the ink on the substrate 02 and / or the depth of penetration of the printing ink, in particular the color pigments, into the printing substrate 02 influenced and possibly even be controlled. The cooling and / or the application of the fluids, in particular the strength of the cooling and / or the application rate of the fluid, is thus used to condition the printing substrate with regard to a specific onset and progress of the gelling and / or a desired degree of spreading of the printing ink on the substrate 02 and / or a maximum or desired penetration depth of the printing ink, in particular of the colored pigments. In an advantageous embodiment, the through the application device 218 ; 418 caused thickness of the cooling and / or the area-related application amount for controlling the gelling and / or spreading and / or penetration are varied in the. In the case of the application of a fluid for cooling this is effective as a control fluid.

Regardless of the nature of the application of the cold, the process and effect of cooling in the following with reference to 4a) to 4f) schematically illustrated by an application of cold by the application of an evaporating fluid, the basis of 4c) to 4f) principle to be transferred to any other method of cooling or application of cold. 4a) represents a cross section through a surface layer of a portion of a printing substrate 02 with exemplified wells V, z. B. capillaries or niches V, whose surface r fresh with a vaporizing in the above sense at ambient and / or normal conditions fluid, which is characterized here as control fluid with the letter S. The fluid has at application to a temperature T _S , the, z. B. at least 5 ° C, in particular at least 10 ° C below, the temperature T of the environment is (T _S << T). 4b) shows the section from a) with partially already vaporized fluid. Due to the cold and evaporating fluid is the substrate 02 cooled in a near-surface layer to a lying below ambient temperature T T1, which z. B. is below that temperature T2 of further lying in the printing material interior material layers (T1 << T2). After evaporation of the fluid S ( 4c ) is the temperature T1 at the surface and / or in the near-surface layer at og, achieved by the cooling target temperature T _K , which is for example at most 5 ° C, preferably at most 0 ° C. 4d) shows z. B. applied to the cooled substrate ink or ink droplets in the event of cooling with a large temperature gradient between the ambient temperature T and the prevailing at the surface or in the surface layer temperature T1. However, by the temperature T1 of a sufficiently thick surface layer being small enough to cool a sufficient amount of the ink sufficiently to cause or at least to cause destabilization of the dispersion, a phase separation sets in and the color pigments P settle of the substrate surface. In a subsequent drying operation - with or without the use of drying assistants - the aqueous phase W can be removed. 4e) is intended to illustrate the effect of controlling the spreading, ie the point size, over the temperature set at the surface T1, in which case one with respect to the 4d) higher temperature T1, ie a smaller gradient between ambient and surface temperature, is present. However, in order to initiate or bring about destabilization, this temperature T1 is still below the maximum or target temperature T _K required for the destabilization. To illustrate the effect of destabilization is in 4f) schematically illustrates a color or ink droplets on an uncooled surface. There, on the one hand, a lighter penetration of the aqueous dispersion into the printing material takes place, wherein color particles are partially torn into the capillaries or niches V. On the other hand, there is no phase separation in the dispersion, so that in a subsequent drying process, the energy required for this purpose must be applied.

In an in 4g) indicated variation, which can also be used, for example, to control the spreading and / or the penetration depth can be determined by z. B. one opposite 4e) further lowering the temperature T1 or the target temperature T _K to a maximum value of below 0 ° C and / or by at least partially increasing the humidity on the Bedruckstoffweg between application and the entry into the first pressure point D1.1; D1.2 be increased by, for example, introducing steam the point size. As in 4g) schematically indicated, this is a thin, z. B. in the flat surface area less than 0.05 mm thin ice layer E is formed, on which the subsequently applied paint drops to a greater extent than without this layer. This ice layer E can u. U. fill capillaries and / or niches V at least in part or overlap by a "zuwachsen".

Although the order depends on the nature and condition of the fluid, in an advantageous embodiment the application rate is 1 to 10 g / m ² (substrate), preferably 3 to 8 g / m ² (substrate). The amount is preferably limited upwards such that a wave formation of the printing material is omitted. Additionally or instead, the amount is preferably limited or limited so that the substrate 02 not become stiff and brittle by unnecessarily strong cooling. The application can be carried out in principle by spraying, by brushing over a coating or doctor device, by a selective spraying similar to an inkjet process, or by dipping and stripping. In the case of a sublimating fluid, one or both sides of the Bedruckstoffweges provided fluid bath done.

All of the above statements on "heat removal" and also a combination thereof are intended below in terms of a treatment of the printing material 02 by the expression of a z. B. medium and / or immediate "application of cold" together. Accordingly, regardless of the fact that in the strict physical sense, no cold introduced, but heat is removed, and regardless of whether the cooling or the heat extraction directly by thermal contact with a subject cooling element 218 ; 418 or a cold fluid, or indirectly by applying a fluid which is deprived of energy after being subjected to phase transition, the device mentioned above 218 ; 418 also as "application device 218 ; 418 Be designated for the application of cold in the broader sense.

In a first embodiment, the application device 218 ; 418 for example, by a working according to the principle of temperature compensation cooling device 218 ; 418 given, which in a first variant with at least one heat sink forming surface of a cooling element above 218 : 418 is in thermal contact with the contact or in a second, non-contact variant as an application device 218 ; 418 the substrate 02 for its cooling with a colder in the above sense fluid acted as a heat sink.

In a first alternative embodiment of the first variant of the first embodiment, in the printing material path as an application device 218 ; 418 a specially designed for cooling, with the substrate 02 When passing in thermal contact standing cooling device 218 ; 418 be provided. This may include, for example, one or more cooperating with the substrate 012 cooling rollers. In a second alternative embodiment preferred for the first variant of the first embodiment is the application device 218 ; 418 as one in the at least one guiding and / or conveying means 201 ; 201.1 ; 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ; 201.5 ( 401 ; 401.1 ; 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ; 401.5 ) of the printing material guide 201 ; 401 integrated cooling device 218 ; 418 given. This may be in the version with the as the central cylinder 218 ; 418 trained substrate guide 201 ; 401 a cooled and / or coolable lateral surface 218 ; 418 the central cylinder or in the case of a multi-part, z. B. with multiple control and / or funding 201.1 ; 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ; 201.5 ( 401.1 ; 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ; 401.5 ) formed Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 a cooled and / or coolable lateral surface 218 ; 418 one or more of the guidance and / or funding 201 ; 201.1 ; 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ; 201.5 ( 401 ; 401.1 ; 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ; 401.5 ) be. A cooling of the respective lateral surface 218 ; 418 can in this case of the shell inside side by appropriate means, for. B. by cooling medium can be flowed through cooling channels.

In the second, non-contact variant of the first embodiment, the application device 218 ; 418 by an applicator 218 ; 418 be given for liquid fluid, which before application has a temperature below ambient or normal temperature and z. B. is connected to a fluid supplying the fluid at this temperature level source. The application device 218 ; 418 is here as a such fluid providing and / or leading and / or at least one side of the substrate 02 applying applicator 218 ; 418 educated. For the application, the application device 218 ; 418 be formed with a nozzle system, for example, with individual substantially selectively arranged nozzles or a so-called. Slot nozzle system. Alternatively, if necessary, a roller system or a dipping system can be provided. The order can basically be partial or full-surface. For example, a selective application of the fluid can as an applicator 218 ; 418 be provided an ink-jet system

In a second, particularly advantageous embodiment, the application device 218 ; 418 by a cooling device based on a phase transition, preferably an evaporation, of a - preferably liquid - applied fluid in the above sense 218 ; 418 given. The application device 218 ; 418 is here by a device 218 ; 418 , z. B. application device 218 ; 418 , given by which a fluid is guided and / or provided during operation and / or on at least one side of the printing material 02 can be administered or applied, which is applied during application and / or even before delivery by the application device 218 ; 418 is in a state of aggregation different from ambient and / or normal conditions. The application device 218 ; 418 is here as a such fluid providing and / or leading and / or at least one side of the substrate 02 applying applicator 218 ; 418 educated. For the application, the application device 218 ; 418 be formed with a nozzle system, for example, with individual substantially selectively arranged nozzles or a so-called. Slot nozzle system. Alternatively, if necessary, a roller system or a dipping system can be provided. The order can basically be partial or full-surface. For example, a selective application of the fluid can as an applicator 218 ; 418 be provided an ink-jet system.

In the case of a subliming fluid, e.g. B. CO ₂ snow, can in the printing material of a printing unit 200 ; 400 a container to be passed through from the printing material, wherein on at least the side of the printing material 02 that in the printing unit 200 ; 400 should be printed or just been printed, the substrate 02 in contact with the fluid, e.g. As a CO ₂ snow is. On the input and output side, the container can be provided with correspondingly arranged sealing and / or wiper lips.

Basically, as the applicator 218 ; 418 trained application device 218 ; 418 thus contactless, z. As a spray, or contact based, for. B. as a painting or dipping device, be formed.

An application device designed in an aforementioned manner 218 ; 418 for the application of cold is advantageous in the Bedruckstoffweg upstream of at least one drying aid 301 ; 331 ; 219 ; 419 , z. B. a dryer 301 ; 331 and / or an air sword 219 ; 419 , preferably in the printing material upstream of the relevant printing unit 200 ; 400 and / or the first printing location D1.1; D2.1 of the printing unit 200 ; 400 intended. In particular, this is preferably on the side of the substrate to be conveyed 02 arranged in Bedruckstoffweg, on which the substrate 02 in the printing unit which is initially following in the printing material path 200 ; 400 is printed or is printable or should be printed.

In particular, and / or is in an advantageous embodiment variant, preferably operated with a specific ink and / or such pre- and / or post-treatment printing press 01 in at least one operating situation with a printing material 02 operable or operated, which in the region of the surface to be printed - at least based on water and / or a predominantly (> 50%) aqueous liquid or phase and / or at least at the time of printing - not or at least only slightly absorbent and / or hydrophobic (see below), for example, not hydrophilic, and / or z. B. with a wetting or contact angle for the predominantly aqueous ink, for example, less than 90 °, in particular 45.0 °, or preferably less than 5.0 ° 0, is formed.

In another advantageous embodiment, the printing machine is preferably operated with a specific printing ink and / or such pre-treatment and / or post-treatment 01 in at least one operating situation with a printing material 02 operated or operated in the manner of a newspaper, which is also explained in more detail below.

The with an above printing ink and / or an above printing material 02 operated or operable printing press 01 is in the manner of an ink jet printing machine generally described above 01 educated. This can in advantageous embodiments by one or more further features of the below-mentioned roller printing machine 01 be executed and / or trained. The following is the substrate for this purpose 02 in the printing machine described below 01 in an embodiment of an above, and z. B. below detailed embodiment and / or the ink as preferably polymer-containing ink in one of the above, and z. B. formed below in more detail detailed embodiments. This can be the substrate 02 preferably as a printing substrate 02 be educated.

The following is a role as a printing press 01 executed printing press 01 described in more detail. However, the same details can be applied to other printing presses as well 01 , for example, sheet-fed presses, provided they do not conflict. Bedruckstoffrollen 101 , which are preferred in the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 come used, preferably each have a sleeve on which the web-shaped substrate 02 for use in the roll printing press 01 is wound up. The printing material web 02 preferably has a width of 700 mm to 2000 mm, but may also have an arbitrarily smaller or preferably larger width. In the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 is at least one substrate roll 101 rotatably arranged. In a preferred embodiment, the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 for receiving a substrate roll 101 designed suitable, so has only one storage position for a Bedruckstoffrolle 101 on. In another embodiment, the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 as a reel changer 100 formed and has storage positions for at least two Bedruckstoffrollen 101 on. The roll changer is preferred 100 designed so that it allows a flying role change, so connecting a first substrate web 02 a currently processed substrate roll 101 with a second substrate web 02 a substrate to be processed below 101 while both the currently processed substrate roll 101 , as well as the substrate to be processed below 101 rotate.

A working width of the printing press 01 is a dimension which is preferably orthogonal to the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 by the at least one first printing unit 200 extends, more preferably in the axial direction A. The working width of the printing press 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width, which may have a substrate to still with the printing press 01 to be processed, so one maximum with the printing press 01 processable substrate width.

The Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 preferably has at least one roll holding device per storage position 103 on, for example, as a clamping device 103 and / or as a clamping device 103 is trained. Preferably, the at least one roller holding device 103 at least a first motor-driven rotary body 103 The at least one roll holding device 103 serves a rotatable attachment of at least one Bedruckstoffrolle 101 , The at least one roll holding device 103 preferably has at least one drive motor 104 on.

Preferably, the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the roll holding device 103 one preferably on a dancer lever 121 deflectable arranged dancer roller 113 and / or a first web edge director 114 and / or a, one of a draw roller 118 and a train press 117 formed intake nip 119 and one as the first measuring roller 141 , in particular feed measuring roller 141 trained first measuring device 141 comprising infeed mechanism 139 on. This draw roller 118 preferably has its own, as Zugantriebsmotor 146 trained drive motor 146 which is preferably connected to a machine control. The draw roller 118 preferably provides at least a second motor-driven rotary body 118 by means of the dancer roller 113 is a web tension adjustable and durable within limits and / or the web tension is preferably kept within limits. Optionally, the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 an adhesive and cutting device, flying by means of a roll change, ie without stopping the printing material web 02 can go on.

The first track edge organizer 114 Below is preferred the intake 139 arranged. As part of the intake system 139 is preferably the at least the tension roller 118 arranged, preferably with the Zugpresseur 117 together the intake nip 119 is arranged. The intake nip 119 serves to regulate a web tension and / or a transport of the printing material 02 , By means of the at least one is preferred as the first measuring roller 141 trained first measuring device 141 the web tension measurable. The at least one as the first measuring roller 141 trained first measuring device 141 is in the transport direction of the printing material web 02 preferably in front of the entry nip 119 arranged.

A first printing unit 200 is the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 with respect to the transport path of the printing material 02 downstream. The first printing unit 200 has at least a first central pressure cylinder 201 or shortly central cylinder 201 on. If below from a central cylinder 201 the speech is, so is always a pressure cylinder 201 meant. The at least one first central cylinder 201 preferably provides at least a third motor-driven rotary body 201 dar. The printing substrate 02 wraps around the first central cylinder in printing operation 201 at least partially. In this case, a wrap angle is for example at least 90 °, preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °. The wrap angle is the angle measured in the circumferential direction of a cylinder jacket surface of the first central cylinder 201 along which the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 with the first central cylinder 201 in contact. Accordingly, at least 50% and more preferably at least 75% of the cylinder jacket surface of the first central cylinder are preferably seen in the circumferential direction during the printing operation 201 with the printing material web 02 in contact. This means that one, as the contact surface between the at least one first central cylinder 201 and preferably as a printing substrate 02 formed substrate 02 provided partial surface of a cylindrical surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 the wrap around the at least one first central cylinder 201 which is preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °.

Alternatively, instead of the central cylinder 201 also the above - advantageously at least partially curved - on the side of the pressure unit in question 200 ; 400 not to be printed side of the substrate 02 at least in the area of the printing line back supportive Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 , z. B. be provided as a forced driven roller, roller or belt conveyor. The with the substrate 02 for supporting, in particular for supporting, cooperating printing material guide 201 ; 401 is preferred - which is the curvature of the effective for guiding outer web based on the Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 concerns - at least partially convex curved. The curvature may be such that a change in direction of the along a running between entry into and exit from the curved portion path of movement z. At least 20 ° (see eg. 3 ), advantageously at least 90 °, preferably at least 180 °. With or without curvature than the printing unit 200 ; 400 assigned printing material guide 201 ; 401 In this case, the conveying section comprising the pressure section should be understood, which is defined by one of the first pressure points D1.1; D2.1 on the conveyor directly to or last upstream, z. B. positively driven control and / or funding 201.1 ; 401.1 (eg as a driven roller or roller) and through one of the last pressure points D1.4; D2.4 directly to or first subordinate, z. B. positively driven control and / or funding 201.5 ; 401.5 (eg driven roller or roller) is defined. In between can be further driven or non-driven guidance and / or conveying means for the transport 201.2 ; 201.3 ; 201.4 ( 401.2 ; 401.3 ; 401.4 ), z. B. rollers or rollers, and possibly a tape guide running over it, be provided. In this sense, includes the execution of Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 as a central cylinder 201 ; 401 in the conveying path, a conveyor section, which passes through one of the first pressure point D1.1; D2.1 upstream first contact with a zwansgetriebenen "guiding and / or conveying means" and one of the last pressure point D1.4; D2.4 downstream last contact with a zwansgetriebenen "guiding and / or conveying means" (namely the jacket of the same central cylinder 201 ; 204 ) is limited.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 in front of the first central cylinder 201 the first printing unit 200 or the first the pressure points of the first printing unit 200 for guiding associated Bedruckstoffführung 201 is preferably at least one preferred as a second measuring roller 216 trained second measuring device 216 arranged to measure the web tension.

Although this is not absolutely necessary when using the above-mentioned printing ink or even for cost reasons in the printing press 01 can not be provided in a variant along the transport path of the printing substrate 02 in front of the first central cylinder 201 the first printing unit 200 , in particular before the first printing unit 200 , in terms of the possible substrates 02 even more variable version of the printing press 01 a first substrate preparation device 202 or web preparation device 202 on the substrate web 02 acting and / or on the intended transport of the printing material web 02 be arranged aligned. The provided in this embodiment first substrate preparation device 202 is at least a first side and preferably both sides of the substrate web 02 assigned and in particular at least on this first side of the printing substrate 02 and preferably on both sides of the printing material web 02 designed to be effective and / or effective. In an advantageous because less expensive design of the printing press 01 however, it is not an additional substrate preparation device 202 ; 402 provided and / or at least in the first operating situation a possibly present printing stock preparation device 202 ; 402 inactive.

Preferably, along the transport path of the printing material web 02 between the first web edge director 114 and the at least one first central cylinder 201 that of the draw roller 118 and the Zugpresseur 117 formed entry nip 119 arranged.

The in one embodiment of the printing press 01 provided at least a first substrate preparation device 202 is in a preferred embodiment along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the entry nip 119 and in front of the first central cylinder 201 , in particular before the first printing unit 200 , on the substrate 02 acting and / or on the transport of the printing material web 02 arranged aligned. Preferably, the at least one first substrate preparation device 202 as at least one printing material cleaning device 202 or web cleaning device 202 educated. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one printing material preparation device 202 as at least one coating device 202 formed, in particular for water-based coating agent. Such a coating can serve, for example, a primer with a so-called primer. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one printing material preparation device 202 as at least one corona device 202 and / or discharge device 202 for corona treatment of the substrate 02 be educated. The substrate preparation device 202 is in the event of their presence z. B. in Bedruckstoffweg before the printing unit 200 ; 400 arranged and / or different from the explained and z. B. in Bedruckstoffweg the printing unit 200 ; 400 associated application device 218 ; 418 for cold.

Preferred is a first deflection roller 203 trained roller 203 the first printing unit 200 with respect to its axis of rotation transversely to the conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 and / or parallel to the first central cylinder 201 arranged. This first guide roller 203 is preferred from the first central cylinder 201 and / or from the first printing location D1.1; D2.1 spaced apart. In particular, exists for the execution with central cylinder 201 preferably a first space 204 between the first guide roller 203 and the first central cylinder 201 , which is greater than the thickness of the substrate web 02 , The printing material web 02 preferably wraps around a part of the first guide roller 203 and is deflected by this so that the transport path of the printing substrate 02 in the first space 204 both tangential to the first guide roller 203 as well as tangentially to, for example, a first member of the formed as a roller conveyor or roller conveyor Bedruckstoffführung 201 or the first central cylinder 201 runs. A lateral surface of the deflection roller 203 consists preferably of a comparatively inelastic material, more preferably a metal, even more preferably steel or aluminum.

Especially for the version with central cylinder 201 is preferably at least one, z. B. as the first impression roller 206 trained first cylinder 206 in the first printing unit 200 arranged. The first impression roller 206 preferably has a lateral surface which consists of an elastic material, for example an elastomer. The first impression roller 206 is preferably by means of a Anstellantriebs to the first central cylinder 201 adjustable and / or arranged remotely from this. In one to the first central cylinder 201 Employed state forms the first impression roller 206 preferably together with the first central cylinder 201 a first impression gap 209 , The printing material web 02 preferably passes through the first impression gap in the printing operation 209 , Through the first guide roller 203 and / or preferably by the first impression roller 206 becomes the printing material web 02 preferably flat and more preferably in a unique and known position to the first central cylinder 201 created. Preferably, apart from at most the first impression roller 206 and / or optionally further impression rollers no further rotation body, in particular no further roller and no further cylinder with the at least one first central cylinder 201 in contact. The axis of rotation of the first impression roller is preferred 206 below the axis of rotation 207 of the first central cylinder 201 arranged.

The first central cylinder 201 or the corresponding first the pressure points associated with, in particular forced-driven printing material guide 201 preferably has its own, the first central cylinder 201 or the printing material guide 201 associated first drive motor 208 on, preferably as an electric motor 208 is formed and further preferably as a single drive 208 and / or in the case of as a central cylinder 201 trained substrate guide 201 more preferably as a direct drive 208 of the first central cylinder 201 is trained. Under a direct drive 208 is a drive motor 208 to understand that without interposing further with the substrate 02 in contact rotating body with the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the printing material guide 201 is in torque transmitting and / or transferable connection. Under a single drive 208 is a drive motor 208 to understand that as a drive motor 208 excluding the at least one first central cylinder 201 formed or exclusively a conveyor section of the preferably forced-driven Bedruckstoffführung 201 assigned. The first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 preferably has at least one permanent magnet, which is more preferably part of a rotor of the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 is.

On the first drive motor 208 the printing material guide 201 , in particular the first central cylinder 201 and / or on the first central cylinder 201 itself, the position of the printing material guide is preferred 201 provided in terms of their progress in the conveying direction characterizing first sensor, which in the case of the central cylinder 201 as a first rotation angle sensor, a rotation angle position of the first drive motor 208 and / or the first central cylinder 201 itself measuring and / or measuring and sending to a higher-level machine control and / or is designed to transmit. The first sensor or rotation angle sensor is designed, for example, as a rotary encoder or absolute value encoder. With such a sensor or rotational angle sensor is a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 and / or preferably a layer of the first printing material guide 201 or rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 preferably by means of the higher-level machine control absolutely determinable. Additionally or alternatively, the first drive motor 208 the first printing material guide 201 or the first central cylinder 201 connected in such a circuit with the machine control, that the machine control on the basis of from the machine control to the first drive motor 208 the first printing material guide 201 or the first central cylinder 201 predetermined target data to a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 at any time about the position of the first printing material guide 201 or the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 and thus at the same time the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 is informed. In particular, a preferred location of the first Bedruckstoffführung 201 or the angular position or rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 and / or the first drive motor 201 predefined area of the machine control directly, in particular without interposed sensor, with at least one print head 212 the first printing unit 200 controlling area of the machine control connected.

Within the first printing unit 200 is at least a first, at least the first and possibly further pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 for the substrate 02 forming printing unit 211 arranged. The at least one first printing unit 211 is preferred in operational conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 or in the direction of rotation of the first central cylinder 201 and thus along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the first guide roller 203 and / or after the first impression 206 preferably on the at least one first central cylinder 201 or on the conveying level of the printing material guide 201 acting and / or arranged and / or aligned and / or arranged alignable. The at least one first printing unit 211 is as a first inkjet printing unit 211 trained and will also be the first ink-jet printing unit 211 called. The first printing unit 211 preferably has at least one nozzle bar 213 and preferably several nozzle beam 213 on. The at least one first printing unit 211 and thus the at least one first printing unit 200 preferably has the at least one first printhead 212 on that as an inkjet printhead 212 is trained. Preferably, the at least one nozzle bar 213 in each case at least one print head 212 and preferably each multiple printheads 212 on. Every printhead 212 preferably has a plurality of nozzles from which ink droplets are ejected and / or ejected. A nozzle bar 213 is a component that preferably over at least 80% and more preferably at least 100% of the working width of the printing press 01 extends and as a carrier of the at least one print head 212 serves. An axial length of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder is preferred 201 or the width of the printing material guide 201 transverse to the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 at least as big as the working width of the printing machine 01 , There is a single or several nozzle bars 213 per printing unit 211 arranged. In a distributed version of the printing unit 211 several printing unit sections may be spaced apart in the printing material path (see, for example, FIG. 3 In this case, depending on a printing unit section with a single or multiple job site for each color to be printed, z. As black, magenta, cyan, yellow, be provided. Each nozzle is preferably a clearly defined target area in the direction A of the width of the printing material web 02 and preferably to the direction A, in particular the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 related assigned. Each target area of a nozzle is preferably in particular with respect to the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 clearly defined at least in the printing operation. In particular, a target area of a nozzle is that, in particular, substantially rectilinear space area which extends in a direction of ejection of this nozzle from this nozzle.

The at least one first nozzle bar 213 preferably extends orthogonal to the transport path of the printing substrate 02 over the working width of the printing press 01 , The at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably has at least one row of nozzles.

The at least one row of nozzles, viewed in the axial direction A, preferably has the entire working width of the printing press 01 and / or width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or width of the printing material guide 201 at regular intervals nozzle openings. In one embodiment, this is a single continuous printhead 212 arranged, extending in the axial direction A over the entire working width of the printing press 01 and / or the entire width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or width of the printing material guide 201 extends. The at least one row of nozzles is preferred as at least one linear over the entire width of the printing material web 02 formed in the axial direction A extending juxtaposition of individual nozzles. In another preferred embodiment, several print heads are juxtaposed in the axial direction A. 212 on the at least one nozzle bar 213 arranged. Since usually such individual printheads 212 are not provided with nozzles up to an edge of their housing, are preferably at least two and more preferably exactly two rows of print heads extending in the axial direction A. 212 in the circumferential direction of the first central cylinder 201 or in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 arranged offset to one another, preferably so that in the axial direction A successive printheads 212 preferably alternately one of the at least two rows of printheads 212 always preferentially alternately a first and a second of two rows of printheads 212 , Two such rows of printheads 212 form a double row of printheads 212 , The at least one row of nozzles is preferably not formed as a single linear juxtaposition of nozzles, but results as the sum of a plurality of individual, more preferably two, circumferentially offset from each other arranged juxtaposition of nozzles.

Indicates a printhead 212 several nozzles, so form all target areas of the nozzles of this printhead 212 together a workspace of this printhead 212 , Workspaces of Printheads 212 a nozzle bar 213 and in particular a double row of printheads 212 As seen in the axial direction A to each other and / or overlap seen in the axial direction A. In this way, even when not in the axial direction A printhead 212 ensures that seen in the axial direction A at regular and preferably periodic distances target areas of nozzles of the at least one nozzle beam 213 and / or in particular each double row of printheads 212 lie. In any case, an entire working area of the at least one nozzle bar extends 213 preferably over at least 90% and more preferably 100% of the working width of the printing machine 01 and / or the entire width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 in the axial direction A or the entire width of the printing material guide 201 , On one or both sides with respect to the axial direction A, a narrow region of the printing material web 02 and / or the bale of the first central cylinder 201 or the width of the printing material guide 201 be present, which is not the working area of the nozzle bars 213 belongs. An entire work area of the at least one nozzle bar 213 is preferred from all workspaces of printheads 212 this at least one nozzle bar composed and is preferably from all target areas of nozzles of these printheads 212 this at least one nozzle bar 213 composed. Preferably, an entire work area corresponds to a double row of print heads 212 seen in the axial direction A the working area of the at least one nozzle beam 213 ,

Preferably, the at least one nozzle bar 213 in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 or in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 several rows of nozzles on. Preferably, each printhead 212 a plurality of nozzles, which further preferably in a matrix of a plurality of rows in the axial direction A and / or a plurality of columns, preferably in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 are arranged, wherein such columns are further preferably arranged extending obliquely to the circumferential direction, for example, to increase a resolution of a printed image. Preferably in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction A, in particular in the transport direction along the transport path of the printing substrate 02 and / or in the circumferential direction relative to the at least one central cylinder 201 or in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 several rows of printheads 212 , more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212 arranged one after the other. More preferably, at least in the printing operation in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 or in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 several rows of printheads 212 , more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212 successively on the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the printing material guide 201 arranged aligned.

Here are the printheads 212 at least in the printing operation preferably oriented such that the nozzles of each printhead 212 essentially in the radial direction on the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or perpendicular to the below the printheads 212 located conveying level of the printing material guide 201 point. Deviations from such radial or vertical directions within a tolerance range of preferably not more than 10 ° and more preferably not more than 5 ° are to be considered essentially radial or vertical directions. This means that the at least one on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the conveying level of the printing material guide 201 aligned printhead 212 with respect to the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 in a radial direction on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or in a direction perpendicular to the conveying plane of the printing material guide 201 is aligned. The radial direction is one on the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 related radial direction and the vertical direction through the surface normal at the relevant location of Bedruckstoffführung 201 certain direction. Each double row of printheads 212 It is preferred to associate and / or assign a printing ink of a specific color, for example one of the colors black, cyan, yellow and magenta or a varnish, for example a clear varnish. The corresponding inkjet printing unit 211 is preferred as a four-color printing unit 211 trained and allows a one-sided four-color printing of the printing substrate 02 , It is also possible to have fewer or more different colors with a printing unit 211 to print, for example, additional spot colors. Preference is then correspondingly more or less printheads 212 and / or double rows of printheads 212 within this corresponding printing unit 211 arranged. In one embodiment, at least in the printing operation, a plurality of rows of printheads 212 , more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212 successively arranged aligned on at least one surface of at least one transmission means or transmission body, for example at least one transfer cylinder and / or at least one transfer belt.

The at least one print head 212 works for the production of ink droplets preferably according to the drop-on-demand process, in which ink droplets are generated selectively when needed. Preferably, at least one piezo element is used per nozzle, which can reduce a volume filled with ink at high speed by a certain amount when a voltage is applied. This displaces ink which is ejected through a nozzle connected to the volume filled with ink and forms at least one ink droplet. By applying different voltages to the piezo element is on the travel of the piezoelectric element and thus the reduction of the volume and thus the size of the ink droplets influence. In this way, color gradations in the resulting print image can be realized without changing a number of drops contributing to the print image (amplitude modulation). It is also possible to use at least one heating element per nozzle, which generates a gas bubble in a volume filled with ink at high speed by evaporation of printing ink. The additional volume of the gas bubble displaces printing ink, which in turn is ejected through the corresponding nozzle and forms at least one ink droplet.

In the drop-on-demand process, a droplet deflection after ejection from the corresponding nozzle is not necessary, since it is possible to achieve a target position of the respective ink drop on the moving substrate web 02 with respect to the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the conveying direction of the printing material guide 201 solely by an emission time of the respective ink drop and a rotational speed of the first central cylinder 201 and / or by the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 or a conveying speed of the printing material guide 201 set. By individually controlling each nozzle, ink drops from the at least one printhead are only at selected times and at selected locations 212 on the substrate web 02 transfer. This happens as a function of the rotational speed and / or the rotational angle position of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the conveying speed and / or conveying position of the printing material guide 201 , a distance between the respective nozzle and the printing material web 02 and the position of the target area of the respective nozzle with respect to the circumferential angle or the position of the printing material guide viewed in the advancing direction 201 , This results in a desired printed image, which is designed as a function of the control of all nozzles. An ejection of ink droplets from the at least one nozzle of the at least one printhead 212 is preferably carried out as a function of the predetermined by the machine control rotational position of the first drive motor 208 , In this case, those from the machine control to the first drive motor 208 predetermined desired data of the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 preferably in real time in a calculation of data for controlling the nozzles of the at least one printhead 212 included. An adjustment with actual data of the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 is preferably not necessary and preferably does not take place. An exact and constant position of the printing material web 02 relative to the at least one first central cylinder 201 or the first printing material guide 201 is therefore of great importance for a passport-friendly and / or register-compatible printed image.

The nozzles of the at least one printhead 212 are arranged such that a distance between the nozzles and on the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 or on the conveying level of the printing material guide 201 arranged printing material web 02 preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm and more preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The high angular resolution and / or the high sampling frequency of the position of the printing material guide 201 detecting sensor or the rotation angle sensor and / or the high accuracy of the predetermined by the machine control and on the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 processed target data to the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 the printing material guide 201 or the first central cylinder 201 allows a very accurate orientation and / or knowledge of the position of the substrate web 02 relative to the nozzles and their target areas. A drop flight time between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 is for example by a teach-in process and / or by the known distance between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 and a known drop speed known. From the position of the printing material guide 201 or angular position of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and / or the first drive 208 the first printing material guide 201 or the at least one first central cylinder 201 , the conveying speed of the first printing material guide 201 or the rotational speed of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and the drop flight time is determined an ideal time to eject a respective drop, so that a passer-sized and / or register-compliant imaging of the substrate web 02 is reached.

Preferably, at least one sensor designed as a first print image sensor is arranged, more preferably at one point along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the first printing unit 211 , The at least one first print image sensor is designed, for example, as a first line scan camera or as a first area scan camera. The at least one first print image sensor is designed, for example, as at least one CCD sensor and / or as at least one CMOS sensor. By means of this at least one first print image sensor and a corresponding evaluation unit, for example, the higher-level machine control, it is preferable to control all in the conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 or in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 one behind the other and / or acting printheads 212 and / or double rows of printheads 212 of the first printing unit 211 monitored and regulated. In a first embodiment of the at least one print image sensor, only a first print image sensor is arranged, whose sensor field covers the entire width of the transport path of the printing material web 02 includes. In a second embodiment of the at least one print image sensor, only a first print image sensor is arranged which is orthogonal in the direction A to the direction of the transport path of the printing material web 02 is designed to be movable. In a third embodiment of the at least one print image sensor, a plurality of print image sensors are arranged, whose respective sensor fields each comprise different regions of the transport path of the printing material web 02 include. Preferably, these areas in the direction A are orthogonal to the direction of the transport path of the printing material web 02 arranged offset from one another. Preferably, an entirety of the sensor fields of the plurality of print image sensors comprises a total width of the transport path of the printing material web 02 ,

A layer of pixels formed by drops of ink emerging from each first printhead 212 are preferably compared with a layer of pixels formed by drops of ink, each from a second, in the conveying direction of the first Bedruckstoffführung 201 or in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 after the first printhead 212 lying printhead 212 come. This is preferably done independently of whether these each first and second, in the conveying direction of the first Bedruckstoffführung 201 or in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 one behind the other and / or acting printheads 212 process a same or a different printing ink. It will be a vote of the layers of different printheads 212 monitored printed images. For the same inks, register-based joining of partial images is monitored. For different inks, a register or color register is monitored. A quality control of the printed image is preferably also carried out with the measured values of the at least one printed image sensor.

In a regular printing operation, all printheads are 212 fixedly arranged. This ensures a permanent passport-oriented and / or register-oriented alignment of all nozzles. There are different situations imaginable in which a movement of the printheads 212 necessary is. A first such situation is a flying roll change or generally a roll change with gluing process. This is a printing material web 02 by means of an adhesive strip with another printing material web 02 connected. This results in a connection point that covers the entire transport path of the printing material web 02 has to go through. This joint has a thickness, ie a smallest dimension, which is greater than a thickness of the printing material web 02 , In essence, the joint is as thick as two substrates 02 and the tape together. This can cause difficulties when the joint is the space between the nozzles of the printheads 212 and the guide elements (eg rollers, rollers or belts) of the first printing material guide 201 or the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 happens. The at least one nozzle bar 213 is therefore in at least one direction relative to the management level of the first Bedruckstoffführung 201 or to the rotation axis 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 movable. In this way, the distance can be sufficiently increased, but must be subsequently reduced accordingly again. A second such situation results, for example, in a maintenance and / or cleaning at least one of the printheads 212 , The printheads 212 are preferably individually on the at least one nozzle bar 213 attached and individually from the at least one nozzle bar 213 solvable. This allows individual printheads 212 serviced and / or cleaned and / or replaced.

Are several mutually movable nozzle bars 213 arranged, so can at a return of at least one nozzle beam 213 in a printing position minimal malpositions of the nozzle bar 213 occur among each other. An alignment requirement can thus occur, in particular of all printheads 212 a nozzle bar 213 to printheads 212 other nozzle bars 213 , Will be a new and / or reassignable printhead 212 on the at least one nozzle bar 213 attached to the already at least one other printhead 212 is fixed, it does not necessarily result but at most coincidentally an exact matching orientation of this new and / or reordering printhead 212 to the at least one already attached printhead 212 in the conveying direction and / or transversely to the conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 or in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction A with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 , Here too, an alignment requirement may arise, in particular a single printhead 212 to other printheads 212 the same nozzle bar 213 and / or other nozzle bars 213 ,

At least one sensor detects a position of the target area of at least one new and / or re-arranged printhead 212 relative to a location of the target area of at least one pre-attached printhead 212 , An installation position of the at least one new and / or re-arranged print head 212 in the conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 or in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 can be controlled by controlling the nozzles of this printhead 212 compensate, preferably analogous to the already described adaptation of printheads 212 different double rows of printheads 212 , An installation position of the at least one new and / or re-arranged print head 212 transverse to the conveying direction of the first printing material guide 201 or in the axial direction A with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 is compensated by means of at least one adjustment mechanism. Preferably, several print heads 212 each have their own adjustment mechanism, more preferably, all print heads 212 each have their own adjustment mechanism.

The printing press 01 has at least one supply system for coating agent, in particular the printing inks, in particular printing ink supply system. Preferably, several print heads 212 , for example, multiple printheads 212 a common nozzle bar 213 , in particular more or more preferably all print heads 212 each of a double row of printheads 212 a common supply system for coating materials or printing inks. This common supply system preferably has at least one normal supply. At least one first liquid line or color line per print head is in each case provided with the at least one normal reserve 212 connected. The at least one normal supply is preferably connected via at least one supply line and at least one discharge to at least one and preferably at least one identical intermediate store.

The normal supply preferably has at least one printing operation and more preferably a continuous level of deviations lying within a narrow tolerance range. This constant level can be achieved, for example, by means of a preferably passive overflow drain and an influx of printing ink. The at least one normal supply and / or the at least one discharge preferably has at least one preferably passive overflow drain, the outflow side of which is preferably connected and / or connectable to the at least one intermediate store. Preferably, at least one preferably designed as a check valve valve is disposed within the at least one supply line and / or within the at least one derivative. At least one first liquid pump is preferably arranged in the at least one feed line. Preferably, a controlled and / or regulated normal pressure prevails in the normal supply, which is further preferably controlled and / or regulated relative to an ambient pressure. Preferably, there is a negative pressure relative to the ambient pressure in the normal supply.

Preferably, ink is pumped from the buffer into the normal supply by at least one pump. Preferably, at least one volume provided as the first gas space is arranged in the at least one normal reserve. The at least one first gas space is preferably connected via at least one first gas line with at least one first gas pump. Preferably there is a same pressure in a second gas space of the intermediate store, as in the at least one first gas space of the at least one normal store. Preferably, the at least one buffer is connected to at least one buffer memory, more preferably via at least one suction line. Preferably prevails in the buffer memory ambient pressure. Preferably, ink is conveyed by the relative negative pressure from the buffer memory in the buffer.

The intermediate and / or normal supply can form an ink reservoir in which an o. G., Preferably polymer-containing ink is held in place as ink.

Preferably, several print heads 212 , for example, multiple printheads 212 a common nozzle bar 213 , in particular more or more preferably all print heads 212 each of a double row of printheads 212 a common power supply system. Preferably, at least one common power line of the power supply extends within the respective at least one nozzle beam over at least 50%, more preferably at least 75% and even more preferably at least 90% of a width of the working area of the respective at least one nozzle bar 213 in the axial direction A and / or the working width of the printing machine 01 , Preferably, each printhead 212 this respective at least one nozzle bar 213 in each case at least one own voltage line, which is connected to this common power line of the power supply. Preferably, each printhead 212 this respective at least one nozzle bar 213 in each case at least one own data line, which is connected to a computing unit, which with respect to the axial direction A outside the working area of the respective at least one nozzle bar 213 and / or with respect to the axial direction A outside each for substrate 02 provided transport path of the printing press 01 is arranged. Thus, so at least along a extending in the axial direction A portion of the nozzle beam 213 at least one data line per printhead 212 this at least one nozzle bar 213 parallel to each other.

Preferably, at least one nozzle cleaning device is arranged, which has at least one row of washing nozzles and / or brushes and / or pullers.

After the printing material web 02 the at least one first printing unit 200 has happened, the printing substrate 02 transported further along their transport path and preferably the at least one first dryer 301 the at least one dryer unit 300 fed. Preferably, a printing material path comprising one or more guiding and / or conveying means is downstream of the last printing location D1.4; D2.4 formed that the first, in the at least one first printing unit 200 printed side of the substrate web 02 after passing the last printing point D1.4; D2.4 up to an area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 with no component of Roller printing machine 01 , ie, comes with no guidance and / or funding in touching contact. Preferably, the second, in particular of the first printing unit 200 not printed, side of the substrate 02 after passing the last printing point D1.4; D2.4 up to the area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 with at least one guide roller 214 the at least one first printing unit 200 and / or with at least one deflection roller 312 the at least one first dryer 301 in contact. At least one, more preferably as a third measuring roller, is preferred 214 trained third measuring device 214 arranged. This third measuring device 214 is used to measure the web tension. More preferably, the at least one guide roller 214 the first printing unit 200 with the third measuring roller 214 trained third measuring device 214 identical.

The at least one first dryer 301 is preferred as an infrared radiation dryer 301 educated. The at least one first dryer 301 preferably has at least one radiation source 302 on, preferably as an infrared radiation source 302 is trained. A radiation source 302 , preferably infrared radiation source 302 is a device by means of the targeted electrical energy is converted into radiation, preferably infrared radiation and / or is convertible and on the substrate web 02 is directed and / or judged. The at least one radiation source 302 preferably has a defined area of action. In particular, the exposure region is a radiation source 302 in each case the area which contains all the points, in particular without interruption, in a straight line directly or via reflectors with the radiation source 302 can be connected. The area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 consists of the exposure areas of all radiation sources 302 the at least one first dryer 301 together. The area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 preferably has at least one radiation source 302 to one of the at least one radiation source 302 nearest part of the transport path of the printing substrate 02 , By at least one vent opening air is in the interior of the at least one first dryer 301 initiated. Inside the first dryer 301 becomes from the printing material web by the infrared radiation 02 removed to remove water and / or solvent of the printing inks and absorbed by the introduced air. This air is then passed through at least one vent opening from the at least one first dryer 301 dissipated.

In a preferred embodiment, the intended transport path for printing material 02 through the at least one first dryer 301 at least two sections, each extending in directions with vertical components, more preferably with larger vertical than optional horizontal components. Preferably, the intended transport path of the printing material runs along one section at least with a component in the vertical direction upwards. Preferably, the intended transport path of the printing material runs along the other portion at least with a component in the vertical direction downwards. Preferably, the one portion and the other portion of the intended transport path are connected to each other by at least one provided connection piece of the intended transport path. Preferably, the at least one connecting piece extends in a direction with a horizontal component, more preferably with a larger horizontal than optionally present vertical component. This allows the at least one dryer 301 preferably be built very compact.

In the transport direction of the printing material web 02 after the area of action of the at least one radiation source 302 the at least one first dryer 301 is preferably at least a first cooling device 303 arranged. The at least one first cooling device 303 preferably has at least one first cooling roller 304 and preferably a first, to the at least one first cooling roll 304 adjustable and / or employed chill roller press 306 and preferably at least one, to the at least one first cooling roll 304 adjustable and / or employed connecting roller 307 ; 308 on. One of the at least one first cooling roller 304 associated first, as the first chill roll drive motor 311 trained drive motor 311 and the first chill roll press 306 are preferably part of a web tension control, that is, the web tension is arranged regulating and preferably for this purpose at least partially and / or temporarily connected to the higher-level machine control. The at least one first cooling roller 304 preferably provides at least a fourth motor-driven rotary body 304 dar. The printing substrate 02 wraps and preferably contacts along its transport path the at least one first cooling roller 304 with a wrap angle of preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °. The first chill roller press 306 preferably forms with the at least one first cooling roll 304 a first cooling nip 309 , in which preferably the printing material web 02 is arranged and / or the preferred the printing material web 02 passes. This is the substrate web 02 from the chill roll press 306 to the at least one first cooling roller 304 pressed. The at least one first cooling roller 304 the at least one first cooling device 303 is preferred as a cooling roller through which a coolant flows 304 educated.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the at least one first cooling device 303 is preferably at least a second printing unit 400 arranged. Preferably, along the transport path of the printing material web 02 preferably immediately before the at least one second printing unit 400 and preferably after the at least one first dryer 301 and in particular after the at least one first printing unit 200 arranged at least a second Bahnkantenausrichter, which is preferably formed manually or driven controllable and / or adjustable. The at least one second printing unit 400 is analogous to the first printing unit 200 built up. In particular, the second printing unit 400 Means of a second printing material guide 401 , in short a second printing material guide 401 or a second central pressure cylinder 401 or shortly central cylinder 401 on, in the printing operation of the printing substrate 02 is wrapped, also with a wrap angle of preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °. For the version with central cylinder 401 represents this second central cylinder 401 preferably a fifth motor driven rotary body 401 dar. The second central cylinder 401 the second printing unit 400 preferably has a direction of rotation, which is a direction of rotation of the at least one first central cylinder 201 is opposite. Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 before the second printing material guide 401 or in front of the second central cylinder 401 the second printing unit 400 , in particular in front of the second printing unit 400 , in an above also in connection with the first printing material cleaning device 202 variant mentioned instead or additionally a second substrate preparation device 402 or web cleaning device 402 on the substrate web 02 be arranged acting. When using an abovementioned printing ink but this can also be completely eliminated.

The transport path of the printing material web 02 by the at least one second printing unit 400 runs analogously to the transport path through the at least one first printing unit 200 , In particular, the printing material web wraps around 02 preferably a part of a second guide roller 403 and is deflected by this so that the transport path of the printing substrate 02 in the second space 404 both tangential to the second guide roller 403 as well as tangential to a first guiding and / or conveying means 401.1 the second printing material guide 401 or to the second central cylinder 401 runs. In the version with a central cylinder 401 is in one embodiment at least one as a second impression roller 406 trained cylinder 406 in the second printing unit 400 arranged. The second impression roller 406 is for example analogous to the first impression roller 206 constructed and arranged, in particular with respect to its mobility and a second impression gap 409 , The second printing material guide 401 is preferably analogous to the first printing material guide 201 executed and / or arranged. In the execution as a second central cylinder 401 this is preferably analogous to the first central cylinder 201 arranged and constructed. In particular, this applies with respect to a second drive motor 408 the second printing material guide 401 or the second central cylinder 401 and a corresponding preferably arranged second sensor, which, for example in the embodiment as a rotation angle sensor, a rotational angle position of the second drive motor 408 and / or the second central cylinder 401 itself measuring and / or measurable and sending to the higher-level machine control and / or is designed to transmit.

Within the second printing unit 400 is preferably at least a second, as an inkjet printing unit 411 or ink-jet printing unit 411 trained printing unit 411 in the conveying direction of the second printing material guide 401 or in the direction of rotation of the second central cylinder 401 z. B. after the second impression roller 406 and thus along the transport path of the printing material web 02 ,, on the conveying level of the second printing material guide 401 or on the second central cylinder 401 arranged aligned. The at least one second printing unit 411 the at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably identical to the at least one first printing unit 211 the at least one first printing unit 200 , in particular with respect to at least one nozzle bar 413 , at least one, as an ink jet printhead 412 trained printhead 412 and their arrangement in double rows, the execution and resolution of the printing process, the arrangement, alignment and control of the nozzles and the mobility and adjustability of the at least one nozzle beam 413 and the at least one printhead 412 means at least one adjustment mechanism with a corresponding electric motor. An analogous protective cover and / or cleaning device is also preferably arranged. Also a correct orientation of the printheads 412 the at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably checked by the fact that at least one sensor detects a printed image and the machine controller evaluates this printed image. This at least one sensor is preferably at least one second printed image sensor which is designed analogously to the at least one first printed image sensor. This is preferably at least a second printing unit 411 as a four-color printing unit 411 educated.

With regard to the transport path of the printing material web 02 is after the at least one second printing unit 400 at least a second dryer 331 arranged. After the printing material web 02 the at least one second printing unit 400 has happened, the printing substrate 02 transported along their transport path and preferably the at least one second dryer 331 at least a dryer unit 300 fed. The at least one second dryer 331 is preferably analogous to the at least one first dryer 301 built up. The at least one first dryer 301 and the at least one second dryer 331 are components of at least one dryer unit 300 , Preferably, the second, from the at least one second printing unit 400 printed side of the substrate web 02 between a last contact point of the printing material web 02 with a conveyor of the second printing material guide 401 or with the second central cylinder 401 the at least one second printing unit 400 and an area of action of the at least one second dryer 301 with no part of the roll printing press 01 in contact. At least one deflection roller is preferred 414 the second printing unit 400 arranged. This is preferably at least one deflection roller 414 as the fifth measuring device 414 , in particular fifth measuring roller 414 educated.

The structure of the at least one second dryer 331 is similar to the construction of the at least one first dryer 301 , in particular with regard to a transport path provided for the printing substrate and / or a design as a flow dryer 331 and / or radiation dryer 331 and / or hot air dryer 331 and / or infrared radiation dryer 331 and / or UV radiation dryer 331 , In particular, the at least one second dryer 331 preferably at least one second cooling roll 334 more preferably at least a sixth motor driven rotary body 334 represents. The second cooling roller is preferred 334 by means of a second cooling roller drive 341 driven and / or driven. Preferably, the at least one second dryer 331 with respect to the components described substantially and further preferably completely symmetrical to the at least one first dryer 301 built up. The at least one second dryer 331 is preferably part of the same dryer unit 300 like the at least one first dryer 301 and is more preferably in a same housing 329 arranged. With respect to a spatial arrangement is the dryer unit 300 and are therefore preferred at least a first dryer 301 and the at least one second dryer 331 preferably between the at least one first printing unit 200 and the at least one second printing unit 400 arranged.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the at least one second dryer 331 is at least an extraction roller 501 arranged. The at least one pull-out roller 501 preferably has its own, as a pull-out roller drive 504 trained drive motor 504 on. The at least one pull-out roller 504 preferably provides at least a seventh motorized rotary body 504 dar. The at least one pull-out roller 501 preferably forms together with one of the at least one pull-out roller 501 employed and / or employable extract press 502 a pull-out gap 503 in which the printing material web 02 is trapped and by the the printing material web 02 is encouraged. The pull-out gap 503 is preferably used to control a web tension and / or transport of the printing material web 02 ,

With regard to the transport path of the printing material web 02 before and / or after the extraction roller 501 , but especially along the transport path of the printing material 02 after at least a first dryer 301 , At least one Wiederbefeuchtungseinrichtung is preferably arranged, which preferably a too large moisture loss of the printing substrate 02 due to the treatment by the dryer unit 300 balances.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the pull-out gap 503 and / or after the rewet device is at least one rework device 500 arranged, preferably as a folding device 500 is formed and / or a sheet cutter 500 and / or a planned expense 500 or as a winding device 500 is trained. In this and / or by this post-processing device 500 becomes the printing material web 02 preferably folded and / or cut and / or stapled and / or sorted and / or enveloped and / or shipped and / or wound up.

In at least one variant of the printing press is the printing press 01 as a roll-rotation ink-jet printing machine 01 formed and is at least one transmission means or a transmission body with the at least one first pressure central cylinder 201 or another kind of printing material guide 201 a transmission gap forming arranged. Then the at least one printhead is preferred 212 aligned to the at least one transmission means. This is directly or indirectly over possibly one or more other transfer agents, the ink on the substrate 02 be applied.

In another variant of the printing press is the printing press 01 as an inkjet printing machine 01 , especially roller inkjet printing machine 01 , formed for the two-sided multi-color inkjet printing, wherein for printing the second substrate side instead of a second printing unit 400 the first printing unit 200 - after a fall or turning of the printing material 02 to go through again. The second pass can here on a laterally offset track parallel to the first pass on a same Bedruckstoffführung 201 , in particular via a same central cylinder 201 , respectively. The above is with this on with the proviso that instead of a first and a second printing unit 400 a first and a second section of a same printing unit arranged transversely to the conveying direction next to the first 200 are provided, and instead of the conveying path from the output of the first printing unit 200 to the entrance to the second printing unit 400 is provided on the relevant additional aggregates a conveying path from the output of the first section on the respective aggregates to the entrance to the second section. On this conveyor are in this case additionally means for toppling the substrate 02 intended. In this embodiment, in the printing material path before the first and the second feeding, transversely to the first feeding, in each case a separate or a common application device extending in width over the two sections can be used 218 be provided.

In the following, preferred embodiments of an inkjet operated and / or operable printing press 01 , preferably in the manner of a printing machine described above 01 , but not limited to, and hereby performed or feasible operating modes and equipment.

In the preferred embodiment, wherein the application device 218 ; 418 to remove heat in the printing material before the first of the at least one with the same side of the printing material 02 cooperating and / or the same printing unit 200 ; 400 (or the same section) to be attributed to pressure point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 is provided, this application device 218 ; 418 with its near the end of the print head, ie with the near-end of a thermal contact line or the near-end of a job order path, z. B. at most by one in a printing operation in four, preferably two seconds covered path and / or at most 2.0 m, in particular by at most 1.0 m, preferably at most 0.5 m, spaced from the upstream end of the first printing unit 212 ; 412 or of the first or the first of several considered in the transport direction offset and / or successively arranged inkjet printheads 212 ; 412 the first printing location D1.1; D2.1 and / or between the upstream end of the first printing unit 211 ; 411 or of the first or the first of a plurality of inkjet printheads offset and / or arranged one behind the other in the transport direction 212 ; 412 the first printing location D1.1; D2.1 and a print engine 211; 211 as the last upstream in the railway, through the substrate 02 on the subsequently to be printed side at least partially wrapped roller 203 ; 403 and / or on the circumference of a central cylinder 201 ; 401 directed and / or on the conveying plane of the pressure path comprehensive Bedruckstoffführung 201 ; 401 directed and / or in or on the frame of a printing unit 211 ; 411 comprehensive printing unit 200 arranged.

In one embodiment, in addition to this or instead the application device 218 ; 418 in the printing material after the last of at least one with the same side of the substrate 02 cooperating and / or the same printing unit 200 ; 400 (or the same section) to be attributed to pressure point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 is provided, this application device 218 ; 418 with its near the end of the print head, ie with the end of a thermal contact line or near the end of a job path, at most by a distance traveled in one second and / or by at most 1.0 m, in particular by at most 0.5 m at most 0.2 m, spaced from the downstream end of the printing unit 211 ; 411 or of the last or of several considered in the transport direction offset and / or successively arranged inkjet printheads 212 ; 412 the last print position D1.4; D2.4 of the printing unit 211 ; 411 and / or between the downstream action end of the printing unit 211 ; 214 or of the first or the first of a plurality of inkjet printheads offset and / or arranged one behind the other in the transport direction 212 ; 412 the last print position D1.4; D2.4 of the printing unit 211 ; 214 and at least one last, structurally the printing unit 200 ; 400 attributable, at least partially wrapped roller 214 ; 414 and / or on the circumference of a central cylinder 201 ; 401 directed and / or on the conveying plane of a printing material guide 201 ; 401 directed and / or in or on the frame of a printing unit 211 ; 411 comprehensive printing unit 200 ; 400 arranged.

The arrangement and / or the expression of one or more application device 218 ; 418 The removal of heat in the form of an abovementioned embodiment already has considerable advantages for the design and / or operation of a printing press. However, this is particularly advantageous in connection with an embodiment of a printing material, as characterized in a subsequent embodiment, and / or in an embodiment of the printing ink, as characterized in a subsequent embodiment.

The printing press can be characterized in one embodiment in that in at least a first mode of operation, for. B. an operation for the production of newspaper or newspaper-like or paperback products, at least by a printing unit 200 ; 400 or by a printing unit 211 ; 411 a first substrate 02 , in particular a printing material web 02 is guided and / or printed or is or can be printed, for example is formed in the manner of an uncoated or lightly coated offset printing paper. The substrate 02 is hereby preferably designed as a wood-containing, ie lignin-containing, paper. This then has z. B. at least 2%, in particular at least 5% by weight of woody fibers. The substrate 02 or the underlying paper has z. B. a basis weight according to ISO 536 preferably between 35 to 80 g / m ² . The substrate 02 is z. B. from uncoated, for example, by a soft calender (heated chill roll against roller with elastomer sheath) satined (improved) Newsprint and / or formed from a slightly to light coated paper and has in the latter case z. B. a preferably two-sided line with, for example, a total weight of up to 25 g / m ² and / or z. As a basis weight of up to 80 g / m ² on. The paper has z. B. a roughness according to Bendtsen (ISO 8791-2) of at least 30 ml / min. To determine an annular measuring surface 100 × 0.15 mm at a pressure of 10 N / cm ² applied to the sample at a differential pressure of 15 ± 0.2 bar. In a preferred development, the printing material embodied as paper can 02 at least one share, e.g. B. of at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of waste paper derived secondary fibers. The substrate 02 For example, a material thickness d02, generally referred to as thickness d02, can be from 50 to 120 μm, in particular from 60 to 110 μm (for example according to ISO 534).

Preferably, the first substrate 02 on its surface to be printed on any coating containing hygroscopic salts, eg. As alkali or alkaline earth chlorides, in particular calcium chloride (CaCl 2) is enriched or at least contains.

The printing press 01 may be characterized in particular by the fact that, for. B. in at least the first mode of operation, for. B. an operation for the production of newspaper or newspaper-like or book products, at least by a printing unit 200 ; 400 or a printing unit 211 ; 411 a first substrate 02 , in particular a printing material web 02 is guided and / or printed or is or is printable, which is executed on its surface to be printed without an additional coating on the base material forming printing material. That is, the first substrate 02 is only one layer and / or homogeneous from the z. B. formed with fillers, adhesives and / or excipients added fiber material composite and z. B. smoothed as either machine-smooth newsprint or possibly only by using a calender as so-called. "Improved newsprint" in the area of the surface. The substrate 02 is preferably in at least this mode of operation in the form of uncoated offset printing paper, ie without further cost-intensive and / or unnecessarily weighting the paper coating, be it an adhesive coating or a line formed. Although, for example, a binder may be admixed with the pulp provided with the additives, the so-called "liquor", prior to the completion of the paper as a so-called "engine sizing", and is therefore part of the z. B. otherwise uncoated substrate 02 or paper. This substrate 02 if necessary, the paper sizing comprising paper has no additional "surface sizing", ie no coating with a glue, binder or a line. The substrate 02 may have a thickness d02 of 50 to 100 .mu.m, in particular from 60 to 90 microns in this uncoated embodiment.

The first substrate 02 The at least first mode of operation is preferably without surface sizing and / or preferably as uncoated paper, preferably so-called newsprint paper, machine-smooth or calendered or satin finished. This kind of printing material 02 is also referred to below as newspaper printing or short newspaper. The z. B. in the form of a printing substrate 02 trained and preferably by at least one printing unit 200 ; 400 or a printing unit 211 ; 411 guided substrate 02 For example, by open-pored and / or possibly satined and / or in particular wood-containing (ie lignin-containing) paper, eg. B. possibly as so-called. "Natural paper" (ie with untreated, possibly only mechanically satin-finished surface), be formed. It may also contain recycled paper (eg at least 50% secondary recycled fibers) or it may even be a substrate made essentially of waste paper 02 act. The wood content (especially the lignin) of the newsprint contributes to the rigidity of the mostly large and thin pages of a finished newspaper-like or newspaper product.

This, for example, as a particular commercial newspaper and / or without surface sizing and / or preferably designed as uncoated paper first substrate 02 has z. B. a basis weight according to ISO 536 of preferably between 35 to 60 g / m ² , in particular 40 to 50 g / m ² for "normal" (machine-smooth) and z. B. 50 to 60 g / m ² for improved paper on. The printing material formed in this way, preferably here by inkjet printing in at least one first mode of operation or machine design, is printed or to be printed 02 has, for example, a roughness according to Bendtsen (ISO 8791/2) of z. B. more than 70 ml / min, in particular of more than 80 ml / min or even at least 100 ml / min (machine smooth) on.

In the first mode of operation alternative embodiment or mode of operation or an optional feasible second mode or machine design is as (second) substrate 02 a slightly or slightly painted, preferably wood-containing paper provided. The paper can be used as LWC paper (Low Wight Coated) with z. B. a coating weight of 10 to 25 g / m ² line, as ULWC paper (Ultra Low Wight Coated) with z. As a bar of 5 to 10 g / m ² or as FC paper (film coated) with z. B. a non-zero stroke weight of less than 5%. In this case, for example, the paper is painted on both sides and the coating weight is given as the sum of both sides. The second substrate 02 or the underlying paper has - including dash - z. B. a basis weight according to ISO 536 preferably between 40 to 80 g / m ² , in particular 40 to 75 g / m ² . The trained as paper second substrate 02 here preferably has a lower roughness than the z. B. optionally in the first mode of operation in the printing press 01 arranged and / or printed newsprint. The roughness according to Bendtsen (ISO 8791/2) is for example at most 60 ml / min, in particular even at most 50 ml / min.

This second substrate 02 However, from paper possibly comprising the engine sizing and a slight or light line, it is preferable that there is no additional "surface sizing", ie no coating with a glue or other binding agent. The second substrate 02 may in this coated embodiment have a thickness d02 of 60 to 120 .mu.m, in particular from 70 to 110 .mu.m.

In the first and / or second mode of operation of alternative design or mode of operation or an optional third mode of operation or machine design is as (third) substrate 02 , Which in its nature Überscheidungen with the first and / or the second substrate 02 can have a substrate 02 having an absorbency in the region of its surface to be printed corresponding to the water absorption according to Cobb 60 (ISO 535) of at most 70 g / m ² , in particular at most 60 g / m ² . This can also be used for preferably coated papers or possibly only slightly or slightly coated papers of the second printing material version. In one embodiment, the third substrate is characterized 02 characterized in that it has a surface to be printed with a stroke of more than 20 g / m ² , z. B. at least 25 g / m ² coating weight or plastic or metal or paint, in particular as plastic or metal foil 02 or as a train 02 or bow 02 formed with lacquered or metallic or plastic surface, and / or with an absorbency corresponding to a water absorption according to Cobb 60 (DIN 53132) of less than 5 g / m ² , in particular less than 1 g / m ² is formed.

In an embodiment variant of the first, second or third operation or printing material 02 is the supplied or printed substrate 02 as paper or board with a grammage of 30 g / m ² to 450 g / m ² basis weight and / or in the region of its surface to be printed a Bendtsen roughness of at least 30 ml / min and / or at most 200 ml / min and / or formed between 30. In the third version of the operation or the printing material 02 this is due to a stroke or other surface smoothing and / or -verdichtung in the region of its surface to be printed with an absorbency corresponding to the water absorption according to Cobb 60 of at most 70 g / m ² , in particular at most 60 g / m ² formed.

Additionally or instead, the substrate is 02 in an embodiment variant of the first, second or third operating or printing material 02 in the area of its surface to be printed without - a z. B. in inkjet printing known surface refinement, in particular without a silicate pigments and / or polyvinyl pigments comprehensive surface refinement formed. In a specific variant, the first, second or third printing material designed as paper or board is 02 as completely uncoated substrate 02 , z. B. substrate 02 , educated.

In order to allow particularly sharp contours in the printed image and / or a high printing speed, the ink used here in the inkjet process may be particularly thin liquid, which is the penetration into the respective, in particular first or possibly second, printing material 02 and / or the running on the surface of the, optionally second or in particular third, printing material 02 favored. On the one hand, the former can lead to the moisture penetrating deep into the printing material and, accordingly, to be removed again in a time and / or energy-intensive manner. On the other hand, the aqueous liquid with appropriate porosity of the printing material 02 entrain the dispersed in her color particles in the printing material inside, if these z. B. have a relatively small average diameter, which in turn lead to a significantly deteriorating color brilliance and on the other hand may possibly lead to increased show through. The latter can also lead to a considerably worsening print quality due to bleeding.

To the problem set z. B. also for not specially for inkjet printing optimized substrates 02 and / or in industrial inkjet printing, a z. B. water-based ink provided, as characterized in one or more embodiments below. The ink described below preferably forms an inkjet ink.

The in the printing press 01 , in particular in one or more printheads 212 ; 412 a trained as an inkjet printing press 01 , in which, for example, an above-mentioned first, second or third printing material 02 in possibly one of its variants or special forms provided and / or printable and / or printed, provided and / or used for printing ink is -. For all subsequent embodiments and / or variants - water-based or at least comprising water as part of the dispersing medium or solvent and preferably has a viscosity of 4.0 to 10.0 cP, preferably 5.0 to 9.0 cP measured, for example, with a Bohlin viscometer (spindle 18, 100 rpm, for example 25 °).

Preferably, this ink - z. B. for all subsequent embodiments and / or variants - a surface tension of z. B. 20 to 50 mN / m, in particular 25 to 35 mN / m ² or dyn / cm, measured for example with a Sensadyne ST at 25 ° measurement temperature on.

In one or more of the aforementioned embodiments of the ink contains these -. B. for all subsequent embodiments and / or variants - preferably color pigments F or color particles F whose average diameter, for example, by means of a Nanotrac analyzer, at up to 1.5 microns, preferably at 0.02 to 0.5 microns, in particular at most 0.2 .mu.m, possibly at most 0.15 .mu.m.

In one or more of the aforementioned embodiments of the ink whose density is -. For all subsequent embodiments and / or variants - e.g. at 0.85 to 1.5 g / ml, preferably between 1.05 and 1.25 g / ml, in particular between 1.10 and 1.18 g / ml.

In one or more of the aforementioned embodiments of the ink contains these -. B. for all subsequent embodiments and / or variants - preferably a z. B. organic binder, in particular a polymer P, z. B. hydrocarbon polymer. This may in principle be a styrene polymer, a halogenated hydrocarbon polymer, a vinyl polymer, a flourished or a non-modified acrylic polymer, a synthetic or natural rubber, a polyether copolymer or copolymers thereof, or a mixture of two or more of said substances be.

Preferably, however, the printing ink in a first embodiment, an acrylic-based polymer or copolymer, for. Example, an acrylate and / or for example a polymer P from the group of polyvinyl esters, for. For example, polyvinyl acetate P. The degree of polymerization can be 100 to 5,000. The glass transition temperature is z. B. between 15 and 50 ° C.

For example, in a first embodiment for the first advantageous embodiment of the printing ink, at least 0.1%, z. B. at least 1% by weight, in another form at least 3%, in a further expression at least 5% by weight of the ink to the polymer, wherein z. B. the maximum limit at z. B. 45%, preferably 30% or in an alternative embodiment is 15%. At least 30%, preferably at least 50%, of which z. B. at least 20% are formed by water. The solvent portion may be formed by water alone or may include at least one co-solvent. In a first embodiment, a color particle or pigment content given as a solid may be from 2 to 10%, in particular from 3 to 8% by weight and in an alternative embodiment from 3 to 30%, in particular from 5 to 20%. Depending on the addition of further ingredients, the sum of these three components can form 80 to 100%, alternatively 90 to 100%, more alternatively 95 to 100% of the printing ink. In addition to the three components can as further ingredients auxiliaries, eg. B. surface-active and / or defoaming substances and / or a cosolvent (eg., Ethylene glycol and / or ethanol and / or toluene and / or butyl acetate) may be provided.

In a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment for the printing ink, this comprises as constituent 0.1 to 30% of an acrylate or polyacrylate as a binder, 30 to a maximum of 95%, in particular a maximum of 80% solvent content, of which z. B. at most 80%, preferably at most 60% water, 0.1% to 20% of a resin or copolymer, 2 to 10% of particle or pigment content, 0.1 to 5% auxiliaries, such as. B. comprising surfactants as surfactants and / or defoaming substances, and up to 25% of a cosolvent. Advantageously, it comprises 0.2 to 4.8% of a surface-active substance, in particular surfactants which are active as wetting agents.

In an alternative, second embodiment of the printing ink, in particular an ethylene polymer, in a third embodiment a propylene polymer or, in a further embodiment, a butene polymer of the printing ink, can be comprised as polymer P. As far as the proportions and / or the other constituents are concerned, z. B. apply the above to the first embodiment of the ink.

Regardless of the specific choice and / or expression of the above polymer P this can be at least 0.1%, z. B. at least 1% by weight, in another form at least 3%, account in a further expression at least 5% by weight of the ink on the polymer P, wherein z. B. the maximum limit at z. B. 45%, preferably 30% or in an alternative embodiment is 15%. At least 30%, preferably at least 50%, of which z. B. at least 20% are formed by water. The proportion of solvent can be formed by water alone or at least comprise a further cosolvent. In a first embodiment, a color particle or pigment content indicated as a solid may also be 2 to 10%, in particular 3 to 8% by weight and in an alternative embodiment at 3 to 30%, especially 5 to 20%. Depending on the addition of further ingredients, the sum of these three components can form 80 to 100%, alternatively 90 to 100%, more alternatively 95 to 100% of the printing ink. In addition to their three components can as further ingredients auxiliaries, eg. B. surface-active and / or defoaming substances and / or a co-solvent may be provided.

In addition to the water base, the color pigments or particles and preferably the polymer P, a surfactant, for. As a wetting agent, be provided to reduce the surface tension.

In addition to the water base, to the color pigments or particles, preferably the polymer and optionally the wetting agent, it is possible to provide a dispersion-promoting and / or stabilizing surfactant which acts as a dispersant.

In one or all of the aforementioned or subsequent embodiments, the dry ink z. For example, a surface hardness of 3H (Erichsen pencil hardness), as determined by the pencil hardness, d. H. she has to be scratch-proof to this degree.

The polymer-containing printing ink, in particular inkjet ink, is of very particular advantage in conjunction with the inkjet or inkjet printing machine 01 trained printing press 01 , in which a above-mentioned printing material 02 is printed in the manner of an offset paper. If the aqueous paint drop, ie the ink drop (see eg. 4 ), on the substrate 02 meets, the color pigments or particles F are precipitated at least in part in the above manner. At the same time z. B. by the sudden cooling, the viscosity of the dispersing medium and thus inhibited penetration into the substrate and / or spreading beyond the desired level. (see eg 4d) to 4f ).

In an advantageous embodiment with an above-mentioned, the printing material heat withdrawing application device 218 ; 418 - Especially in conjunction with an above, z. B. first, second or especially third substrate 02 and / or in conjunction with an og, z. B. preferred first or possibly other design of the ink - is the printing press 01 downstream of at least the last in the Bedruckstoffweg a same printing unit 200 ; 400 in Druckruckweg and / or a same substrate side associated pressure point D1.4; D2.4 or the last in the printing material path of the same printing unit 200 ; 400 in Bedruckstoffweg and / or a same substrate side associated inkjet printhead 212 ; 412 on the substrate path with one with the substrate 02 , in particular with at least the first substrate side medium or preferably directly together acting drying aids 301 ; 331 ; 219 ; 419 , This may be a dryer as described above 301 ; 331 and / or a blowing device 219 ; 419 be, by means of which on the freshly printed substrate side - in particular under high pressure - a fluid flow can be directed, for. B. directed to the substrate side so-called. Air sword 219 ; 419 or air knife.

Instead of the drying aid 301 ; 331 ; 219 ; 419 or in addition to this can in the relevant printing unit 200 ; 400 assigned Bedruckstoffweg and / or in a possibly provided dryer 301 ; 331 and / or the possibly provided blowing device 219 ; 419 upstream upstream printing material after the at least one printing point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 one on at least the one in the relevant printing unit 200 ; 400 printed substrate side of the substrate 02 (or to the appropriate location in the railway) directed application device 217 ; 417 in the form of an energy source that initiates energy 217 ; 417 intended. Preferably, as the energy source 217 ; 417 trained application device 217 ; 417 downstream and the heat removal or the cold entry causing application device 218 ; 418 upstream of the pressure line, ie the paint job arranged.

As an energy source 217 ; 417 can a thermal contact, z. B. heat conduction and Berührkontakt to a heater, or preferably contactless energy on the -. B. first, second or third - substrate 02 transmitting source, in particular a radiation source 217 ; 417 , preferably an electromagnetic radiation source in the IR or NIR, UV or visible spectral range, z. B. in the form of a laser device 217 ; 417 , or an ultrasonic source, be provided. In the version as a laser device 217 ; 417 This can, for example, as an ultrashort laser pulses, z. B. a pulse duration of less than 1 · 10-6 s, in particular at most 1 · 10-7 s, high power density, z. B. at least 100 W / mm ² , in particular at least 400 W / mm ² , based on the average over the beam cross-sectional area, executed laser device 217 ; 417 be formed, which is to be understood as the beam cross-sectional area lying within the 10% limit of the maximum intensity cross-sectional area at the level of the beam exit. For generating these laser pulses, the laser device 217 ; 417 be designed as a system with beam extraction, in particular with the beam generation independent beam extraction. The laser beam can be moved over, for example, an optical system in printing material width. It can be a plurality of such pulsating laser - with stationary or transverse to the substrate oscillating beam - transverse to the substrate width next to each other in the laser device 219 ; 419 be provided.

In a further variant for the execution and / or operation of the printing press 01 with z. B. a substrate formed from paper or cardboard 02 In addition, in the dryer 301 ; 331 and / or the sword of the air 219 upstream upstream printing material path before or after the at least one printing point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 an application device, not shown, in the form of an initiator for a polymerization of monomers contained in the ink comprising comprising agent and / or in the form of a the solubility of a substance contained in the printing ink polymer and / or copolymer-promoting substance comprehensive applying applicator means may be provided ,

As such an application device, an application device applying an ionic or free-radical initiator may be provided. As the ionic liquid, a fluid can be applied which, for example, in at least one significant concentration, for. B. at least to a 1.0 wt.%, A, for example, at least partially dissolved, salt having a melting point less than 100 ° C at 1 bar ambient pressure. This is preferably a liquid at 21 ° C and 1 bar ambient pressure already liquid rate. The agent to be applied by the applicator may contain a surfactant, in particular a surfactant, and / or may be present as a fluid having a maximum of 10% solids.

In a -. B. preferred - execution of the printing press 01 - in connection with all designs of the printing ink and / or the printing substrate 02 - is the inkjet printhead 212 of the printing unit 211 ; 411 directly on the substrate 02 or on the one central cylinder 201 ; 401 looping around or from a printing material guide 201 ; 401 supported substrate 02 directed.

In an optionally advantageous with regard to an optimization of the media alternative - in connection with all versions of the printing ink and / or the substrate 02 - is inkjet printhead 212 of the printing unit 211 ; 411 on a z. B. is designed as a transfer belt or transfer cylinder trained transfer agent and applied to the latter ink from this medium or directly on the substrate 02 is transferable or is transferred.

For the mentioned embodiments, the ink jet print head ( 212 ) an ink reservoir and / or a line connection to an ink reservoir with a water-based ink formed as ink, which comprises as components both color pigments or particles F and a polymer P and preferably in one of the above-mentioned performers or embodiments, in particular the first embodiment , is trained.

When printing a substrate in the printing press 01 is the -. B. first or second or third - substrate 02 in at least one printing unit 200 ; 400 or by at least one printing unit 211 ; 411 printed by a direct or indirect ink jet method with an ink formed as ink and subsequently on at least the printed side by an air sword 219 ; 419 and / or a dryer 301 dried. On the Bedruckstoffweg before and / or after printing, but according to an input of the printing machine provided for printing material source 100 and even before the dryer 301 and / or the sword of the air 219 ; 419 is via the application device 218 ; 418 the substrate 02 Heat deprived.

Advantageously, the printing material 02 on the Bedruckstoffweg after printing, but even before the drying aid, z. B. the dryer 301 and / or the sword of the air 219 ; 419 , via an application device 217 ; 417 Energy applied in the form of heat and / or radiation energy, without that on the Bedruckstoffweg between the beginning of the printing machine provided printing material and printing a pretreatment with a primer effective as a primer, ie eg without a above, a primer applying substrate preparation device 202 , he follows.

In one embodiment or mode of operation is by the printing unit 211 ; 411 a - z. B. second or third - substrate 02 with a surface to be printed with an absorbency corresponding to the water absorption according to Cobb 60 of at most 70 g / m ² , in particular at most 60 g / m ² , guided and printed. In further education becomes by the printing mechanism 211 ; 411 a - z. B. third - substrate 02 with a surface to be printed made of plastic or metal or lacquer, in particular as plastic or metal foil or as a web or sheet with lacquered or metallic or plastic surface formed substrate 02 and / or a printing material 02 with an absorbency corresponding to a water absorption according to Cobb 60 of less than 5 g / m ² , in particular less than 1 g / m ² , guided and printed.

It can be through the printing unit 211 ; 411 in an embodiment or mode of operation as a paper or board having a grammage of 30 g / m ² to 450 g / m ² basis weight and / or with a roughness in the region of its surface to be printed according to Bendtsen of at least 30 ml / min and / or at most 200 ml / min and / or between 30 formed substrate 02 be guided and printed or be.

In particular, as a paper or board with a grammage of 30 g / m ² to 450 g / m ² basis weight and / or in the region of its surface to be printed with an absorbency corresponding to a water absorption according to Cobb 60 of at most 70 g / m ² , in particular at most 60 g / m ² and / or in the region of its surface to be printed, a roughness according to Bendtsen of at least 30 ml / min and / or at most 200 ml / min and / or between 30 formed substrate 02 be guided and printed or be.

In a variant or alternative or alternatively feasible mode of operation can by the printing unit 211 ; 411 a printing material 02 be from a wood-containing paper with a basis weight between 35 to 80 g / m ² and / or be printed with a surface to be printed with a roughness according to Bendtsen of at least 30 ml / min or be.

For the above operations, a printing ink in z. B. an above embodiment, in particular in the first embodiment used.

In an advantageous further education -. B. in connection with the printing ink in one of the above, in particular the first embodiment - is carried out by the printing downstream and preferably a dryer 301 ; 331 and / or sword of the air 219 ; 419 upstream energy input, in particular by heating to at least 55 ° C, preferably to at least 60 ° C, a melting of polymer particles present in the ink, in particular of color pigments or particles surrounding polymer shells, and / or a film of the polymer and z. B. displacement of an aqueous phase towards the surface and / or initialization of the polymerization process and / or pre-drying of the applied printing ink.

In order to keep penetration of the pigments or particles and / or bleeding as small as possible, the above application of cold or heat removal on the Bedruckstoffweg before printing z. B. such that when conveyed in printing substrate 02 between the end of the application and the beginning of printing at the same printing place is at most two seconds, in particular at most one second, preferably at most half a second. In order to keep penetration of the pigments or particles and / or bleeding as small as possible, the application of energy to the printing material path after printing z. B. such that when conveyed in printing substrate 02 between the end of the printing and the beginning of the application at the same printing place is not more than two seconds, in particular at most one second, preferably at most half a second.

A conveying speed can be at least 60 m / min, preferably at least 120 m / min in the printing operation.

In an advantageous embodiment of the application device 218 ; 418 this can be moved along the Bedruckstoffweges in the frame of the printing press or the printing unit 200 ; 400 be stored. This can, for example, at least a needs-based setting of the most favorable distance to the first subsequent pressure point D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 serve. This distance should be as close as possible to the first pressure point, so that at the lowest possible Kühlerfordernis the surface of the substrate 02 still at the last of the pressure points D1.1; D1.2; D1.3; D1.4; D2.1; D2.2; D2.3; D2.4 of the same printing unit 200 ; 400 or substrate side is sufficiently cold, but without a cooling effect on the inkjet printheads 212 ; 412 the first printing location D1.1; Effect D2.1. For the execution with the application of a fluid which changes the aggregate state after application, the distance must be such that when the first pressure point D1.1; D2.1 the desired cooling effect has already occurred to the extent necessary.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of this development is the application device 218 ; 418 during operation along the Bedruckstoffweges by a drive mechanism and a control device controlling this correlated to the size of the machine control related to her and / or measured by means of appropriate printing substrate speed spatially variable.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

 Printing Machine, Inkjet Printing Machine, Rolling Printing Machine, Rolling Inkjet Printing Machine, Web Printing Press,

02

 Substrate, substrate web, paper web

100

 Substrate source, roll-off device, reel splicer

101

 printing material

102

103

 Roller holding device, clamping device, clamping mandrel, clamping cone, clamping device, mandrel, clamping cone, clamping shaft; Rotation body, first

104

Drive motor, electric motor ( 103 )

107

Beam ( 101 )

108

Axle, support, support frame ( 107 )

109

Pivot axis ( 108 )

110

111

Rotation axis ( 101 ; 103 )

112

 frame

113

 dancer roll

114

 Bahnkantenausrichter, first

115

116

 aligning

117

 Zugpresseur

118

 draw roller; Rotation body, second

119

 nip

120

121

 dancer arm

139

 infeed

140

141

 Measuring roller, feed measuring roller, measuring device, first

146

Drive motor, traction drive motor ( 118 )

200

 Printing unit, first

201

 Substrate guide, master cylinder, central cylinder, first; Rotation body, third

201.i

 Guiding and / or conveying means, with i ε N

202

 Substrate preparation device, web preparation device, coating device, corona device, discharge device, substrate cleaning device, web cleaning device, dedusting device, first

203

 Roller, guide roller

204

Gap ( 201 ; 203 )

205

206

 Cylinder, impression roller, first

207

Rotation axis ( 201 )

208

 Drive motor, electric motor, direct drive, single drive, synchronous motor

209

 Impression gap, first

210

211

 Printing unit, inkjet printing unit, inkjet printing unit, four-color printing unit, first

212

 Printhead, inkjet printhead, first

213

 Nozzle bar, first

214

 Guide roller, measuring roller, measuring device, third

215

 -

216

 Measuring roller, measuring device, second

217

 Application device, downstream, energy source

218

 Application device, upstream, applicator

219

 Drying aid, blowing device, air sword

300

 dryer unit

301

 Drying aids, dryers, infrared radiation dryers, radiation dryers, flow dryers, UV radiation dryers, hot air dryers, first, main dryer

302

 Radiation source, infrared radiation source

303

 Cooling device, first

304

 Chill roll, first; Rotation body, fourth

305

306

 Kühlwalzenpresseur

307

 Connecting roller, first

308

 Connecting roller, second

309

 Cooling nip, first

310

311

Drive motor, chill roll drive motor ( 304 ), first

312

 deflecting

329

Casing ( 300 )

330

331

 Dryer, infrared radiation dryer, flow dryer, radiation dryer, hot air dryer, UV radiation dryer, second

332

333

 Cooling device, second

334

 Chill roll, second; Rotation body, sixth

335

336

 Chill roller press, second

339

 Cooling nip, second

340

341

Drive motor, chill roll drive motor ( 334 ), second

342

343

 Measuring roller, measuring device, sixth

400

 Printing unit, second

401

 Substrate guide, master cylinder, central cylinder, second; Rotation body, fifth

402

 Substrate cleaning device, web cleaning device, dedusting device, second

403

 Roller, guide roller

404

Gap ( 401 ; 403 )

405

406

 Cylinder, impression roller, second

407

Rotation axis ( 401 )

408

 Drive motor, direct drive, electric motor, single drive, synchronous motor

409

 Impression gap, second

410

411

 Printing unit, inkjet printing unit, inkjet printing unit, four-color printing unit, second

412

 Printhead, inkjet printhead, second

413

 Nozzle bar, second

414

 Deflection roller, measuring roller, fifth

415

416

 Measuring roller, measuring device, fourth

417

 Application device, downstream, energy source

418

 Application device, upstream, applicator

419

 Drying aid, blowing device, air sword

500

 Post-processing device, folding device, rewinder, sheet cutter, plan delivery

501

 Extractor, rotary body, seventh

502

 Auszugpresseur

503

 excerpt gap

504

Drive motor, extract roller drive ( 501 )

d02

 Thickness (02)

A

 Direction, axial

e

 ice

F

 color pigment

P

 polymer

S

 Fluid, control fluid

T

 Temperature, ambient temperature

T1

 Temperature (substrate surface)

T2

 Temperature (substrate inside)

T _S

 fluid temperature

V

 Well, capillary, niche

W

 aqueous phase

Claims (8)

Printing machine ( 01 ) with at least one downstream of a printing substrate in the Bedruckstoffweg arranged first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ), through which a the printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) fed and / or fed substrate ( 02 ) by means of at least one inkjet printhead ( 212 ; 412 ) of the printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) can be printed on at least a first substrate side with an ink running as an ink, wherein in the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) preceding printing material path on the side of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) to be printed substrate side a cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) is provided, by which at least a portion of the surface of at least the first, in the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) to be printed substrate side of the substrate ( 02 ) can be cooled to a temperature (T1) which is lower than the ambient temperature (T), directly or indirectly, characterized in that, as a cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) one the printing material ( 02 ) with a fluid applying applicator device ( 218 ; 418 ) is provided, which is present when acted upon in whole or at least in parts as solid or as a liquid phase, whose or their state of aggregation under the in the the substrate ( 02 ) ambient condition present in the printing machine ambient atmosphere and / or under normal condition, however, is gaseous. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling device ( 218 ) in the printing material upstream of the first printing unit with respect to the printing material path through the printing press ( 211 ) is provided. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for printing the first and the second substrate side in the printing material behind the other at least a first and at least one second printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) is provided with in each case at least one first printing location (D1.1; D2.1), and that in the printing material path in front of the first printing location (D1.1) of the first printing group (D1.1) 211 ) and in the printing material path before the first printing location (D2.1) of the second printing unit ( 211 ) each have their own or a same common cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) is provided. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that as a cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) an applicator device ( 218 ; 418 ) for loading the printing substrate ( 02 ) is provided with a one to an ambient and / or normal temperature lower temperature and / or a higher pressure relative to an ambient or normal pressure fluid. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that in the Bedruckstoffweg before the at least one ink jet print head ( 212 ; 412 ) of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) provided cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) with its near the end of the print head at most by one in a printing operation in four, especially at most two seconds covered path and / or at most 2.0 m, in particular at most 1.0 m, spaced from the upstream end of the action or the first of several in the transport direction considered staggered and / or successively arranged inkjet printheads ( 212 ; 412 ) of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) is arranged. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that in the Bedruckstoffweg before the at least one ink jet print head ( 212 ; 412 ) of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) provided cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) between the upstream end of the action or of the first of a plurality of inkjet printheads (in the direction of transport), offset and / or in succession ( 212 ; 412 ) of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) and a last, the printing unit ( 211 ; 214 upstream upstream in the printing material path and at least partially wrapped by the page to be printed by the first printing unit ( 203 ; 403 ) is arranged. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that in the Bedruckstoffweg before the at least one ink jet print head ( 212 ; 412 ) of the first printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) provided cooling device ( 218 ; 418 ) in or on the frame of a printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) comprehensive printing unit ( 200 ; 400 ) is arranged. Printing machine ( 01 ) according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that in the printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) Subordinate substrate path, in particular in one of the printing unit ( 211 ; 411 ) comprehensive printing unit ( 200 ; 400 ) attributable conveyor section, an energy in the printed substrate ( 02 ) preliminary energy source ( 217 ; 417 ) is provided.

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