DE102015204980B4 - Printing machine with at least one selective dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

Printing machine (01) with at least one first printing unit (200) and at least one first selective dryer (351), wherein the at least one first printing unit (200) is a printing unit (200) operating at least also according to a non-impact printing method and / or at least one inkjet printing head (212) and wherein an axial direction (A) parallel to a rotation axis (207) of at least one guide element (201) for printing material (02) within the at least one first printing unit (200) and wherein the at least one first selective dryer (351) at least three on one for printing material (02) provided transport path and / or on a substrate (02) aligned and / or alignable energy delivery devices (352), each having at least one radiation source (353) and wherein the at least three energy delivery devices (352) respective Have Einwirkbereiche, the at least partially offset in the axial direction (A) angeo wherein at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices (352) is operable independently of at least one other of the at least three energy delivery devices (352), characterized in that the at least one first selective dryer (351) has at least one first gas discharge nozzle (354) along the transport path provided for the printing material (02), in a transport direction (B) provided for the printing material (02), at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices (352) is arranged, and the at least one first gas discharge nozzle (354) has an exit direction (C) which has at least one component which is oriented counter to the transport direction (B) for printing material (02) provided next to one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle (354) next to the transport path (B) provided for printing material (02) and in that one a respective one of the at least one first Gas outlet nozzle (354) relative direction is a direction that the Transport direction (B) at one of these first gas outlet nozzle (354) nearest point of the substrate (02) provided transport path is directed exactly opposite and that the respective exit direction (C) of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle (354) of the respective comparison direction of each of the at least a first gas outlet nozzle (354) deviates by at most 15 °.

Description

The invention relates to a printing press with at least one selective dryer according to the preamble of claim 1.

In printing presses, different printing methods are used, for example rotary printing, offset printing, planographic printing, high-pressure, screen printing or gravure printing or non-impact printing methods. Non-impact printing processes (NIP = non-impact printing) are understood to mean printing processes which do not require a fixed, that is physically immutable, printing form. Such printing methods can produce different print images in each printing process. Examples of non-impact printing processes are ionographic processes, magnetographic processes, thermographic processes, and in particular inkjet printing processes or ink-jet printing processes. Such printing methods usually have at least one image-forming device, for example at least one print head. In the case of the inkjet printing method, such a printhead is designed, for example, as an inkjet printhead and has at least one and preferably several nozzles, by means of which specifically at least one printing fluid, for example in the form of ink drops, can be transferred to a printing material. The printing material should have as constant a distance as possible from the image-producing device, on the one hand in order to be able to coordinate the image formation in time and, on the other hand, in order to avoid damage to the image-producing device.

For example, in the inkjet printing process, in particular in connection with water-based ink, it may happen that deforms the substrate, such as waves beats. On the one hand, such waves can entail the risk of damage to both printheads and the printing material and, on the other hand, lead to lower print quality, for example because of different long flying times of drops of pressurized fluid. Furthermore, problems may arise in further processing, for example rewinding, especially in the case of a web-shaped printing material. In particular, however, results in wavy substrate lower quality of the printed product produced.

Substrate which has been provided with a pressure fluid is usually dried in a later process operation. Different devices are known to allow such a drying process. For example, an energy delivery device is arranged which can remove solvents and / or trigger crosslinking reactions.

In ink-jet printing or ink-jet printing, individual drops of at least one printing fluid are ejected from nozzles of printing heads and transferred to a printing material in such a way that a print image results on the printing substrate. By individual control of a plurality of nozzles so different print images can be created. There is no fixed printing form and thus it is possible to design each individual print product individually. As a result, personalized printed products can be produced and / or small runs of printed products can be produced at low cost due to the saving of the printing forme.

An exact match of a print image on the front and back of a printed substrate printed on both sides is called register (DIN 16500-2). Multi-color printing is called the Passer (DIN 16500-2), when individual print images of different colors are combined exactly to a picture. Also in the context of inkjet printing, appropriate measures must be taken to maintain register and / or register.

Due to the possibility of individually defining printed images, non-periodically recurring quantities of solvent which are applied to the printing material but are to be removed during drying and / or non-periodically recurring patterns of pressurized fluid which are to be crosslinked may be obtained.

By the DE 10 2011 076 899 A1 a printing machine is known, wherein the printing press has a first printing unit and a dryer and wherein the dryer has a plurality of radiation sources.

By the US 2004/0085423 A1 and the EP 2 258 553 A1 In each case, a dryer is known which dries a printed printed image by selectively transferring a different amount of energy to different areas of the printed image to be dried.

By the DE 10 2010 046 756 A1 a selective dryer is known, which has a plurality of energy delivery devices with radiation sources having respective Einwirkbereiche which are arranged offset in an axial direction to each other and are individually switched off. The dryer has gas outlet nozzles, which are arranged partially downstream of the energy delivery devices and whose exit direction is adjustable and partially oriented counter to a transport direction of a substrate. When operating the dryer, individual areas can be completely switched off.

By the US 2011/0 079 354 A1 is a printing machine known by means of Electrographic means a substrate is printed, which is then detached by means of a blowing device from a mantle surface of a roller.

By the DE 10 2009 015 942 B3 a fixing device of an electrographic printing device is known. A fixing drum has individually controllable heating elements whose heat is conducted by heat conduction to an outer surface of the fixing drum.

The invention has for its object to provide a printing machine with at least one selective dryer.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

A printing press has at least a first printing unit and at least one first selective dryer. In this case, an axial direction is parallel to a rotation axis of at least one guide element for in particular web-shaped printing material within the at least one first printing unit. Preferably, the at least one first selective dryer has at least three, more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten, and even more preferably at least fifteen transport paths and / or alignable and self-aligning substrates Energy delivery devices, each having at least one radiation source. These at least three energy delivery devices have respective active regions, which are arranged offset in the axial direction at least partially offset from one another or are preferably arranged completely offset from one another in the axial direction.

In this case, a partially staggered arrangement is possible, in particular in the case of action regions of directly adjacent energy delivery devices. Einwirkbereiche of spaced-apart energy delivery devices are preferably completely offset from each other. An offset arrangement is to be understood in particular as meaning that a center of gravity of a surface to be viewed on the printing substrate and / or on the transport path provided for the printing area has a spacing in the direction of the offset to a corresponding center of gravity of a surface defined by a corresponding other exposure zone. For example, a plurality of energy delivery devices and / or a plurality of radiation sources are arranged in the form of a matrix having a plurality of mutually orthogonal rows and columns. As a result, an area of action of the at least one selective dryer can be increased, and thus a longer possible exposure time of the energy delivery devices to a respective location of the printing material can be achieved even at high transport speeds of the printing substrate. As a result, transport speeds of 300 m per minute or more can be handled with appropriate expansion of the selective dryer. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of energy delivery devices and / or radiation sources are arranged in rows arranged one behind the other with respect to the intended transport direction of the printing material, for example in the form of a honeycomb structure. This allows a more flexible selection of the location of the exposure area.

For example, exposure ranges of the energy delivery devices in the axial direction have expansions of between 1 mm and 20 cm, more preferably between 1 cm and 15 cm, and even more preferably between 3 cm and 7 cm. The selection of this dimension is preferably carried out taking into account the computing capacity required for the control, the minimum required component size and the precision to be achieved in the location-dependent drying.

Preferably, at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices is operable independently of at least one other of the at least three energy delivery devices. More preferably, a plurality of the at least three energy delivery devices is operable independently of at least a plurality of the other of the at least three energy delivery devices. Even more preferably, each of the at least three energy delivery devices is operable independently of all the other of the at least three energy delivery devices. In this context, operability is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an activatability and / or deactivability and / or controllability and / or controllability. Independence here means, in particular, that intensities of the radiation emitted and / or deliverable by at least two different energy delivery devices to the printing substrate are individually controllable and / or controllable in their simultaneously occurring time course for different energy delivery devices. Preferably, at least those energy delivery devices can be operated independently of one another, whose action regions are also arranged offset from one another.

This results in particular in the advantage that the selective dryer has a comparatively low energy consumption, because it can be adapted in its operation to actually applied amounts of pressurized fluid. Narrow substrates can be dried in a targeted manner. On different surface coverages of the printing material with pressurized fluid can be specifically reacted. This is particularly advantageous if inhomogeneous area coverages are to be expected. In this respect, the selective dryer in combination with many printing methods of advantage, for example, the high-pressure process, the gravure printing process, the planographic printing process, the screen printing process, the offset printing process or pressure-free printing process, so non-impact printing process. In the case of pressure-free printing processes, individual control of the individual components of the selective dryer adapted to individual print images can be carried out in particular, as a result of which a particularly small amount of energy must be used.

For example, the printing machine is characterized in that the at least one first printing unit is a printing unit which operates at least also according to a non-impact printing method and / or that the at least one first printing unit has at least one inkjet printing head. Alternatively or additionally, the printing press is characterized in that the at least one printing unit has at least one offset printing unit and / or at least one gravure printing unit and / or at least one high-pressure unit and / or at least one flat printing unit and / or at least one screen printing unit.

The respective region of the wavelengths of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the energy delivery devices is preferably matched to the pressurized fluid used in the printing aggregate. As a result, for example, a respective resonant frequency can be used, which allows a particularly efficient drying. For example, in the case of water-based pressurized fluid, radiation is preferably used in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized in that the at least one first selective dryer has at least one first gas outlet nozzle, which is arranged along a transport path provided for the printing material in a transport direction provided for the printing material according to the Einwirkbereich at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices. The at least one first gas outlet nozzle is preferably designed as at least one slot nozzle. The at least one first gas outlet nozzle preferably has an outlet direction which has at least one component which is oriented counter to the transport direction for printing material provided opposite to the next point of the transport path provided for the printing material at one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle. In this context, an outlet direction is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an intended and / or actual mean flow direction of escaping gas or gas mixture. The gas mixture used is preferably air. This is for example easily fed via a compressed air line. This results in particular in the advantage that the solvent dissolved by the electromagnetic radiation from the printing substrate can be removed particularly effectively. In the area of the printing material, an air layer is formed, which is enriched by the escape of the solvent from the printing substrate with the solvent. If the printing material is moved along the transport path, a portion of the air layer is entrained, for example in the form of a laminar flow. By aligned opposite to the transport direction flow of the gas or gas mixture, in particular the air, the relative speed of printing material and ambient air is increased and the dissolved solvent transported away better.

A reference direction relating to a respective one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle is preferably a direction which is directed precisely opposite a transport direction at a transport point on the next transport point provided for the printing material, ie in particular runs antiparallel thereto. Further preferably, the respective outlet direction of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle deviates from the respective comparison direction of this respective one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle by at most 15 °, more preferably at most 10 °, even more preferably at most 5 ° and even more preferably at most 1 ° Angle is preferably measured in a reference plane which is orthogonal on the transport path provided for printing material. The reference plane cuts the transport path provided for the printing substrate along a reference line. Preferably, this reference line includes, with the comparison direction, a reference angle which is less than 90 °, more preferably at most 60 °, even more preferably at most 45 °, even more preferably at most 30 °, at one of the first gas outlet nozzle nearest point of the intended transport path preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 °. More preferably, this reference angle is 0 °.

Due to the small angle between comparison direction and exit direction is not only avoided that a dynamic pressure builds up in the immediate vicinity of the substrate, but it is due to the opposite direction by the respective comparison direction and thus the transport direction of the printing material outlet direction a particularly high speed difference and thereby even generates a negative pressure in the immediate vicinity of the surface of the printing material influenced by the gas flow. The basis for this is the Bernoulli effect, according to which the relative speed between printed substrate and ambient air which is greater in the area influenced by the at least one first gas outlet nozzle than in an upstream or downstream region generates a lower static pressure in the region influenced by the at least one first gas outlet nozzle. The negative pressure in turn results in an increased evaporation rate from the pressure fluid applied to the printing substrate in this area influenced by the at least one first gas outlet nozzle and thus improved drying.

Along the transport path increases without the use of the gas stream, a concentration of the solvent in the immediate vicinity of the printing material, so that in a more remote area of the outlet of the solvent from the substrate and / or the applied pressurized fluid is hindered. Due to the fact that the gas flow is directed counter to the transport direction of the printing material, the concentration of the solvent in the ambient air is reduced even in a rear exposure region of the energy delivery devices, thus enabling efficient drying over the entire action range. The flow characteristic is further improved if a gas discharge device designed as a suction device is arranged downstream of the gas flow and thus upstream with respect to the transport direction of the printing material. In particular, thereby a relatively saturated air mass is transported away and transported unsaturated gas or gas mixture, in particular unsaturated air. This also increases the rate of solvent release to the air surrounding the substrate. It is furthermore advantageous that the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the respective energy delivery device can thereby better penetrate to the printing material because it would not already be absorbed in the saturated air layer.

Instead of or in addition to the suction device, for example, at least one passively acting and / or designed as at least one guide surface Gasableiteinrichtung is arranged. This preferably causes at least that accumulates no saturated air in the vicinity of the substrate and that the gas flow causes no negative effect on the printing process. In particular, it is thereby preferably prevented that drops ejected from an inkjet printhead are deflected in their trajectory and placed incorrectly on the printing substrate.

Accordingly, the printing machine is preferably characterized alternatively or additionally by the fact that the at least one selective dryer has at least one first gas outlet nozzle along the transport path provided for the printing substrate in the transport direction provided for the printing material, and more preferably also before the area of action of at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices and even more preferably of all energy delivery devices is arranged. The at least one gas discharge device is designed, for example, as at least one passively acting gas discharge device and / or guide surface and / or as at least one actively acting gas discharge device and / or suction device. It can also be arranged behind each other several gas outlet nozzles. Then, for example, at least one gas discharge device is arranged with respect to the transport direction of the printing material between at least two gas outlet nozzles.

For example, the printing press is additionally or alternatively characterized in that at least one second gas outlet nozzle is arranged along the transport path provided in the transport direction provided for the printing material after the at least one first gas outlet nozzle, and further preferably along the transport path provided for the printing material in the transport direction provided for the printing material between the at least one first gas outlet nozzle and the at least one second gas outlet nozzle at least one second Gasableiteinrichtung is arranged and in particular that the at least one second gas outlet nozzle is the same as the at least one first gas outlet nozzle and / or at least the second Gasableiteinrichtung is the same as the at least one first Gasableiteinrichtung.

By means of further gas outlet nozzles and / or gas discharge devices, a concentration of solvent, in particular water, in the air surrounding the printing material can be further reduced, thereby further increasing an evaporation rate. For example, the printing machine is additionally or alternatively characterized in that along the transport path provided for in the transport direction provided for the printing material according to the at least one second gas outlet nozzle at least a third gas outlet nozzle is arranged, which is preferably constructed the same as the at least one the first and / or the at least one second gas outlet nozzle and / or that along the transport path provided for the substrate in the transport direction provided between the at least one second gas outlet nozzle and the at least one third gas outlet nozzle at least a third Gasableiteinrichtung is arranged, which further preferred is the same as the at least one first Gasableiteinrichtung and / or as the at least one second Gasableiteinrichtung.

Preferably, the printing press is additionally or alternatively characterized by the fact that at least two, more preferably at least three, even more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten, and even more preferably at least fifteen first gas outlet nozzles are arranged whose respective Einwirkbereiche are arranged in the axial direction at least partially offset from each other , A staggered arrangement is to be understood in particular as meaning that a center of the corresponding first, second or third gas outlet nozzle, which is related to the axial direction, has a spacing in the direction of the displacement to a corresponding center point of a corresponding first, second or third gas outlet nozzle arranged offset therefrom. At least in part, the respective gas outlet nozzles are preferably arranged such that their respective Einwirkbereiche are arranged completely offset from one another in the axial direction.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized alternatively or additionally by the fact that mutually offset in the axial direction and / or arranged in the transport direction gas outlet nozzles are each formed individually and independently operable. In particular, at least one of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles is preferably operable independently of at least one other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles. More preferably, at least a plurality of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles can be operated independently of at least one of the plurality of the other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles. Even more preferably, each of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles is operable independently of at least all the other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles. The same applies analogously to the second and third gas outlet nozzles. In this context, operability is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an activatability and / or deactivability and / or controllability and / or controllability. In this case, independence means, in particular, that amounts of the gases and / or gas mixtures released by at least two different first gas outlet nozzles are individually controllable and / or controllable differently in their simultaneously occurring time profile for different of the first gas outlet nozzles. In particular, such first gas outlet nozzles are preferably operable independently of one another with respect to the axial direction A arranged offset from each other.

Preferably, the printing press is additionally or alternatively distinguished by the fact that along the transport path provided for in the intended direction of transport after the at least one first selective dryer and more preferably also after the at least one first gas outlet nozzle and even more preferably after at least one last gas outlet nozzle of the at least one first selective dryer at least a first after-dryer is arranged. The at least one first after-dryer preferably has an action region which extends in the axial direction over an entire working width of the printing press and is designed to be influenceable exclusively as a whole with respect to its power to be delivered for drying operations. The at least one first after-dryer is preferably designed as a dryer which acts uniformly over the width of the intended transport path extending in the axial direction. The at least one first after-dryer is designed, for example, as at least one radiation dryer and / or as at least one hot-air dryer. For example, the at least one after-dryer, in relation to the axial direction, has only one energy delivery device that can be controlled and / or regulated exclusively as a whole or several energy delivery devices that can be controlled and / or regulated exclusively jointly. The at least one first selective dryer then acts, for example, as at least one pre-dryer.

Preferably, the printing press is additionally or alternatively distinguished by the fact that the electromagnetic radiation, which can be emitted, in particular controllably and / or controllably, by electromagnetic radiation, is adapted to the solvent to be removed and / or can be flexibly adapted. For example, at least one energy delivery device has a plurality of radiation sources that are specialized for different wavelengths. Then, different pressure fluids can each be dried particularly effectively. By way of example, the pressurized fluid to be dried has water as the solvent. In particular, microwave radiation is advantageous in order to evaporate the water. This results, in particular, in the advantage that energy is specifically supplied to the water, but not to the printing substrate and / or the constituents of the printing fluid which are to remain on the printing substrate and / or transport means of the printing substrate. Thus, on the one hand saves energy and on the other hand spares the substrate. A preservation of the printing material is also due to the energy emitted only deliberately, since this, for example, prevents the printing material loses its necessary moisture, ie dries and / or becomes brittle. This is a criterion in particular for paper as printing material. An advantage, for example, also in connection with difficult to be dried substrates, such as coated paper and / or plastic surfaces. For example, water-based printing fluids can be dried particularly gently on heat-sensitive plastics such as PVC by means of microwave radiation, without the Noticeably affect plastic, in particular to heat.

Preferably, the printing press is additionally or alternatively characterized in that at least one of the radiation sources or a plurality of radiation sources or each of the radiation sources is a radiation source for the controlled and / or controlled release of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range and / or that at least one of the radiation sources or a A plurality of the radiation sources or each of the radiation sources is a radiation source for the controlled and / or regulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, in particular in the near infrared region, and / or in that at least one of the radiation sources or a plurality of the radiation sources or each of the radiation sources is a radiation source for the controlled and / or regulated delivery of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or that at least one of the radiation sources or a plurality of the Radiation sources or each of the radiation sources is a radiation source for the controlled and / or regulated delivery of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The optionally used electromagnetic radiation preferably has at least one wavelength which is in the range between 100 nm and 1 m and more preferably, for example in the ultraviolet range (wavelength of 10 nm to 380 nm, ten nanometers to three hundred eighty nanometers) and / or in the visible Range (wavelength from 380 nm to 780 nm, three hundred eighty nanometers to seven hundred eighty nanometers) and / or in the infrared range (wavelength from 780 nm to 1 mm, seven hundred eighty nanometers to one millimeter), in particular in the near infrared range (780 nm to 3 μm, seven hundred and eighty nanometers to three microns) and / or in the microwave range (wavelength of 1 mm to 1 m, one millimeter to one meter) of the electromagnetic spectrum. The optionally used electromagnetic radiation further preferably has at least one wavelength which lies in the range between 1 cm and 16 cm, more preferably in the range between 1 cm and 4 cm and / or in the range between 8 cm and 16 cm, in particular between 10 cm and 14 cm. These areas then serve, for example, in particular the excitation of water molecules.

Preferably, a distance measured along the transport path provided for the printing substrate between at least one application point of the at least one printing unit and an area of action of an energy delivery device of the at least one selective dryer is less than 2 m, more preferably less than 1.5 m, even more preferably less than 1 m and even more preferably less than 0.5 m. The fastest possible drying of areas of the printing substrate with a particularly high area coverage according to their printing allows a particularly low wave formation of the printing substrate and a particularly low bleeding of different printing fluids into each other (so-called "intercolor bleeding").

In the following, a method for at least partial drying of a particular web-shaped substrate is described, wherein the substrate is transported along a transport path in a transport direction by at least one printing unit and wherein in a printing at least one printing fluid is applied in particular in the form of at least one printed image on the substrate. Thereafter, in at least one first drying operation, the at least one pressurized fluid is preferably at least partially dried by means of at least one first selective drier. In at least three, more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten and even more preferably at least fifteen different, in each case at least one radiation source having energy emitting devices of the at least is preferably formed in a first part of the first drying process designed as an irradiation process a first selective dryer in a controlled and / or controlled manner emitted electromagnetic radiation in the direction of the substrate and preferably delivered to the substrate and / or the pressurized fluid. These at least three energy delivery devices preferably have respective action regions that are arranged offset in an axial direction orthogonal to the transport direction at least partially offset from one another. In particular, with regard to the staggered arrangement, the above applies. Intensities of at least two of these radiation emitted by at least three different energy delivery devices in the direction of the printing material and in particular emitted to the printing substrate and / or the printing fluid are individually controlled and / or regulated differently in their simultaneously occurring time progression for different ones of the energy delivery devices.

At least one gas or gas mixture, in particular air from at least one first gas outlet nozzle and more preferably at least partially aligned with the printing material is preferably ejected in a discharge direction in a second sub-process of the first drying process designed as a transport process, which at least one of the transport direction at one of Having at least a first gas outlet nozzle next point of the transport path provided for the opposite component. Preferably, at least one point in time and more preferably over a relatively long period of time, the first partial operation of the first drying process takes place at one location of the printing material, while the second partial process of the first drying process takes place at another location of the printing material. On the other hand, with reference to a specific location of the printing material, first the first sub-process of the first drying process and then the second sub-process of the first drying process preferably take place.

Preferably, the method is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the gas or gas mixture between the substrate on the one hand and at least one of the energy delivery devices and / or their at least one radiation source on the other hand is transported through, and further preferably at least one by the electromagnetic radiation from the substrate away Solvent absorbs and / or is removed by means of at least a first Gasableiteinrichtung of the substrate.

The method is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the intensities of the radiation emitted by the energy delivery devices to the printing material are controlled and / or regulated differently in their simultaneously occurring time progression for different energy delivery devices on the basis of image data and further preferred that the image data by sensory detection of the printing material on at least one point already provided with printing fluid and / or by processing data resulting from the production of original image data for the printing in the at least one first printing unit and / or from the original image data for the printing itself and / or from control data for at least one print head of the at least one first printing aggregate can be obtained. For example, at least one sensor designed as an ultrasonic sensor and / or as a sensor for electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation, is used.

Preferably, the method is characterized alternatively or additionally by the fact that emitted by the energy delivery devices in a controlled and / or controlled manner in the direction of the printing material and in particular to the printing material and / or the pressurized fluid emitted electromagnetic radiation at least one wavelength in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

• 1a eine schematische Darstellung einer Rollen-Druckmaschine;
• 1b eine schematische Darstellung einer Rollen-Druckmaschine mit alternativer Bahnführung;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils eines Druckaggregats mit einer Doppelreihe von Druckköpfen;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung eines Druckaggregats und eines Selektivtrockners mit zumindest einer Energieabgabeeinrichtung
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung des Selektivtrockners aus 3 in einer Draufsicht.

Show it:

• 1a a schematic representation of a roll printing machine;
• 1b a schematic representation of a roll printing machine with alternative web guide;
• 2 a schematic representation of a portion of a printing unit with a double row of printheads;
• 3 a schematic representation of a printing unit and a selective dryer with at least one energy delivery device
• 4 a schematic representation of the selective dryer from 3 in a top view.

The term of a pressurized fluid in the foregoing and hereinafter ink and printing inks, but also paints and pasty materials are summarized. Preference is given to pressure-fluid materials passing through a printing press 01 or at least one printing aggregate 200 the printing press 01 on a substrate 02 be transmitted and / or transferable and preferably in finely structured form and / or not only over a large area a preferably visible and / or perceptible by sensory and / or machine detectable texture on the substrate 02 justify. Inks and printing inks are preferably solutions or dispersions of at least one colorant in at least one solvent. Suitable solvents include, for example, water and / or organic solvents. Alternatively or additionally, the pressure fluid may be formed as under UV light crosslinking pressure fluid. Inks are relatively low viscosity printing fluids and inks are relatively high viscosity printing fluids. Inks have no binder or relatively little binder, while printing inks preferably contain relatively much binder and more preferably further auxiliaries. Colorants may be pigments and / or dyes, pigments being insoluble in the application medium, while dyes are soluble in the application medium. In particular, inks containing dyes as colorants preferably have no binder.

For the sake of simplicity, in the foregoing and in the following - unless otherwise explicitly stated and named accordingly - the term "printing ink" in the sense of one in the Printing machine to be printed liquid or at least flowable Färbefluids be understood not only in the colloquially associated with the term "ink" in conjunction higher-viscosity dyeing fluids for use in rotary printing machines, but in addition to these higher viscosity dyeing fluids in particular also low-viscosity dyeing fluids such as "inks" , In particular inkjet inks, but also powdered dyeing fluids such. As toner includes. Thus, in the foregoing and hereinafter especially colorless paints are meant when talking of printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks. In the preceding and in the following, in particular, agents for pretreatment (so-called precoating) and / or post-treatment (so-called post-treatment or postcoating) of the printing substrate are also preferred 02 meant when talking of printing fluids and / or inks and / or inks. As an alternative to the term pressurized fluid, the term coating agent is to be understood as synonymous.

As a printing press 01 Here is one at least a pressurized fluid on a substrate 02 to understand the application or machine capable of being applied. The printing press 01 has, for example, at least one printing material source 100 , at least a first printing unit 200 , preferably at least a first pre-dryer 351 or first main dryer 351 , For example, at least a first after-dryer 301 , For example, at least a second printing unit 400 , For example, at least a second pre-dryer or second main dryer and for example at least a second after-dryer 331 and for example at least one post-processing device 500 on. The printing press 01 can be used as a total or, if appropriate, other non-impact and / or printing form-based process - by inkjet or inkjet printing machine 01 be executed, in particular as an inkjet printing machine 01 ,

The at least one first printing unit 200 is preferred as at least a first ink jet printing unit 200 educated. The printing press 01 is therefore preferred as an inkjet printing machine 01 educated. In the following, the invention will be described with reference to an inkjet printing machine 01 described. However, the invention can also be used for other non-impact printing processes or completely different printing processes such as, for example, a rotary printing, offset printing, high-pressure, screen printing or gravure printing, provided that this does not lead to any contradictions. The printing press is preferred 01 as a roll printing machine 01 formed, more preferably as a roller inkjet printing machine 01 , The printing press 01 is for example designed as a rotary printing press, for example as a rotary rotary printing press, in particular a rotary rotary inkjet printing machine. In the case of a roll printing press 01 is the source of printing material 100 for example as Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 educated. In the case of a sheet-fed press or sheet-fed rotary printing press, the source of printing material 100 For example, designed as a sheet feeder. In the substrate source 100 At least one printing material is preferred 02 aligned, preferably with respect to at least one edge of this printing substrate 02 , The substrate 02 is for example at least one web-shaped substrate 02 So a printing material web 02 For example, a paper web 02 or a textile web 02 or a slide 02 , For example, a plastic film 02 or a metal foil 02 ,

An axial direction A or transverse direction A is preferably one direction A , which are parallel to a rotation axis 111 a substrate roll 101 and / or to a rotation axis 207 ; 407 at least one central cylinder 201 ; 401 and / or to a rotation axis of a general rotatable, in particular in the first printing unit 200 arranged guide element 201 for printing material 02 extends. A transport path of the at least one printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 runs after the at least one printing material source 100 preferably by the at least one first printing unit 200 where the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 preferably by means of at least one coating agent or printing fluid, in particular at least one ink and / or printing ink at least on one side and preferably in connection with the at least one second printing aggregate 400 preferably two-sided with at least one printed image 03 is provided.

After passing the at least one first printing unit 200 the transport path of the printing material passes through 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 for example, the at least one first after-dryer 301 to dry the applied ink and / or ink. Ink and / or printing ink is to be understood in the foregoing and hereinafter generally a pressure fluid, in particular also a lacquer. Preferably, the at least one first after dryer 301 Part of a dryer unit 300 , The at least one post-processing device 500 is for example as at least one folding device 500 and / or as a take-up device 500 and / or as at least one planned expense 500 educated. In the at least one folding device 500 is the preferred two-sided printed substrate 02 preferably further processed to individual printed products.

The following is a roll printing machine 01 described in more detail. However, the same details can be applied to other printing presses as well 01 , for example, sheet-fed presses, provided they do not conflict stand. The substrate 02 preferably has a width, ie an extension in the axial direction A from 700 mm to 2000 mm, but may also have an arbitrarily smaller or preferably larger width.

A working width of the printing press 01 is a dimension which is preferably orthogonal to the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 by the at least one first printing unit 200 extends, more preferably in the axial direction A or transverse direction A , The working width of the printing press 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width, which is a substrate 02 may have to still with the printing press 01 to be processed, so a maximum with the printing press 01 processable substrate width.

The at least one first printing unit 200 is preferably the Rollenabspulvorrichtung 100 with respect to the transport path of the printing material 02 downstream. The at least one first printing unit 200 has, for example, at least a first central pressure cylinder 201 or shortly central cylinder 201 on. If below from a central cylinder 201 the speech is, so is always a pressure cylinder 201 meant. The printing material web 02 preferably wraps around the first central cylinder in a printing operation 201 at least partially. In this case, a wrap angle is preferably at least 180 ° and more preferably at least 270 °. The wrap angle is the angle measured in the circumferential direction of a cylinder jacket surface of the first central cylinder 201 along which the substrate 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 with the first central cylinder 201 in contact. The printing material web 02 For example, it wraps around a part of a first deflection roller 203 and is deflected by this so that the transport path of the printing substrate 02 in a first space 204 both tangential to the first guide roller 203 as well as tangent to the first central cylinder 201 runs.

For example, at least one is the first impression roller 206 trained first cylinder 206 in the at least one first printing unit 200 arranged. In one to the first central cylinder 201 Employed state forms the first impression roller 206 preferably together with the first central cylinder 201 a first impression gap 209 , Through the first guide roller 203 and / or preferably by the first impression roller 206 becomes the printing material web 02 preferably flat and more preferably in a unique and known position to the first central cylinder 201 created. The first central cylinder 201 preferably has its own, the first central cylinder 201 associated first drive motor 208 on, preferably as an electric motor 208 is formed and further preferred as a direct drive 208 and / or single drive 208 of the first central cylinder 201 is trained.

On the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 and / or on the first central cylinder 201 itself, a first rotational angle sensor is preferably arranged, which has a rotational angle position of the first drive motor 208 and / or the first central cylinder 201 itself measuring and / or measuring and sending to a higher-level machine control and / or is designed to transmit. The first rotation angle sensor is designed, for example, as a rotary encoder or absolute value encoder. With such a rotation angle sensor is a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 and / or preferably a rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 preferably by means of the higher-level machine control absolutely determinable.

Additionally or alternatively, the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 connected in such a circuit with the machine control, that the machine control on the basis of from the machine control to the first drive motor 208 of the first central cylinder 201 predetermined target data to a rotational position of the first drive motor 208 at any time via the rotational position of the first drive motor 208 and thus at the same time the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 is informed. In particular, one preferred is the rotational angle position or rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 and / or the first drive motor 201 predefined area of the machine control directly with at least one print head 212 the at least one first printing unit 200 controlling area of the machine control connected.

Under a printing unit 200 is a device to understand, by means of a web or sheet-shaped substrate 02 at least on one of its sides is or can be provided with at least one pressurized fluid. The at least one first printing unit 200 the printing press 01 preferably has at least one pressure point 214 on. Under a pressure point 214 In this case, a preferred complete range is to be understood in the contact between a respective same pressure fluid and a printing material 02 is manufactured or can be produced. The term the pressure point 214 should also be used when the pressure fluid without pressure between substrate 02 on the one hand and a component transferring the pressure fluid, on the other hand, onto the printing material 02 is applied, for example, by impinging freely movable pressure fluid on the substrate 02 , For example, flying drops of the pressurized fluid. Preferably comprises a pressure point 214 all areas responsible for an impact of a particular, in particular this pressure point 214 associated pressure fluid on the substrate 02 are provided. In the case a working according to the ink jet printing process printing unit 200 includes, for example, a pressure point 214 all areas that impact a black ink on a first page of the substrate 02 are provided.

The at least one first printing unit 200 preferably has several pressure points 214 on, each associated with a respective pressure fluid, for example, at least four pressure points 214 , preferably at least five pressure points 214 , more preferably at least six pressure points 214 and even more preferably at least seven pressure points 214 ,

Every bruise 201 preferably has at least one job site 211 on. Every job 211 is preferably at least one imaging device 212 assigned, in particular at least one print head 212 and more preferably at least one print head row 222 , Every job 211 preferably extends in the transverse direction A , more preferably over the entire working width of the printing press 01 , In the case of an inkjet printing machine 01 is the at least one imaging device 212 preferred as at least one print head 212 , in particular inkjet printhead 212 educated. imaging devices 212 such as printheads 212 usually have a limited dimension, especially in the transverse direction A , This results in a limited area of the printing material 02 on top of a respective printhead 212 Pressure fluid can be applied. Therefore, usually several imaging devices 212 or printheads 212 in the transverse direction A arranged one behind the other. Such with respect to the transverse direction A consecutively arranged printheads 212 be as Druckkopfreihe 222 designated. The following are broken print head rows 222 and continuous print head rows 222 described. In the special case of extending over the entire working width printhead 212 should this also as Druckkopfreihe 222 apply, in particular as a continuous print head row 222 ,

Usually, such individual printheads are not provided with nozzles up to an edge of their housing. Therefore, preferably at least two and more preferably exactly two are in the transverse direction A extending printhead rows 222 along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path offset from each other. Such printhead rows are, for example, interrupted printhead rows 222 , In each case two such particular interrupted print head rows 222 together form a double row of printheads. By appropriate staggered arrangement of the printheads of the two interrupted print head rows 222 is preferably the entire working width of the printing press 01 and / or the at least one first printing unit 200 accessible from nozzles of the printheads. Preferred are in a direction orthogonal to the transverse direction A , in particular in the transport direction along the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 and / or in the circumferential direction relative to the at least one central cylinder 201 several printhead rows 222 , more preferably at least four double rows, and even more preferably at least eight double rows of printheads arranged one after the other.

Each nozzle is preferably a clearly defined target area in the direction A the width of the printing material web 02 and preferably in the transverse direction A based and preferred on the direction A in particular the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 related assigned. Each target area of a nozzle is preferably uniquely determined at least in the printing operation. Each target area of a nozzle is preferably in particular with respect to the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 clearly defined at least in the printing operation. In particular, a target area of a nozzle is that, in particular, substantially rectilinear space area which extends in a direction of ejection of this nozzle from this nozzle. An impact area is preferably an area that is suitable for contact of pressurized fluid with the printing substrate 02 is provided, in particular for drops of pressurized fluid with the substrate 02 , Each nozzle of each printhead 212 An impingement region is preferably assigned, in particular in a direct inkjet printing process. An impact area of a printhead 212 is preferably a sum of all impact areas of nozzles of this printhead 212 , An order office 211 is preferably a sum of impact areas of particular functionally combined printheads 212 , which together cover the entire working width of the printing press 01 span. In the case of double-row pairs of interrupted printhead rows 222 is an order office 211 preferably a sum of impact areas of the print heads 212 , which together form the double row.

A printing unit 200 For example, only one pressure point 201 include, for example for the color black. This preferably has at least one first printing unit 200 but how do you describe several bruises 201 on. The bruises 201 can spatially connect directly to each other or be spaced apart, for example, separated by color. Under the term of a pressure point 201 should also fall a section that -. B. without interruption by another color - several successive jobs 211 having the same color. In the case of only one pressure point 201 At the same time, this represents the first and the last point of pressure 201 of relevant printing unit 200 For example, in the case of an indirect ink-jet printing method, a printing location is a contact area between a transfer body and the printing substrate 02 ,

This preferably has at least one first printing unit 200 at least one print head 212 which is more preferred than at least one inkjet printhead 212 is trained. Every printhead 212 preferably has a plurality of nozzles from which drops of pressurized fluid, in particular ink drops are ejected and / or ejected. This preferably has at least one first printing unit 200 at least one nozzle bar 213 on. A nozzle bar 213 is a component that preferably over at least 80% and more preferably at least 100% of the working width of the printing press 01 extends and / or preferably as a carrier of the at least one print head 212 serves. In this case, for example, a single or are preferably a plurality of nozzle bars 213 per printing unit 200 arranged. More preferably, the at least one printing unit 200 at least three nozzle bars 213 on, even more preferably at least four nozzle bars 213 , The at least one first nozzle bar 213 preferably extends orthogonal to the intended transport path of the printing material 02 over the entire working width of the printing press 01 , especially in the transverse direction A ,

Preferably, the at least one nozzle bar 213 in each case at least one print head 212 and preferably each multiple printheads 212 on. In the case where the at least one nozzle bar 213 only one print head at a time 212 has, this printhead extends 212 preferably over an entire working width of the printing press 01 , In the case where the at least one nozzle bar 213 several print heads each 212 have these printheads 212 preferred as at least one print head row 212 or more preferably as at least one double row of printheads 212 formed and extends the at least one print head row 222 or double row of printheads 212 preferably over an entire working width of the printing press 01 , In the case of a double row of printheads 212 is the at least one row of nozzles of the respective nozzle bar 213 preferably on at least two interrupted print head rows 222 divided up. The at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably has at least one row of nozzles. The at least one row of nozzles faces in the axial direction A Seen preferably over the entire working width of the printing press 01 and / or width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 For example, at regular intervals nozzle openings.

Preferably, the at least one nozzle bar 213 in the conveying direction of a printing material guide and / or in the circumferential direction with respect to the at least one first central cylinder 201 several rows of nozzles on. Preferably, each printhead 212 a plurality of nozzles, more preferably in a matrix of multiple rows in the transverse direction A and / or more columns preferably in the conveying direction of the printing material guide and / or in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 are arranged, wherein such columns, for example, are arranged obliquely to the conveying direction of Bedruckstoffführung and / or the circumferential direction, for example, a resolution of a printed image 03 to increase.

The at least one print head 212 works for the production of ink droplets preferably according to the drop-on-demand process, in which ink droplets are generated selectively when needed. Preferably, at least one heating element is used per nozzle, which generates an evaporation of pressurized fluid within a reservoir. Alternatively, at least one piezoelectric element per nozzle is used, which can reduce a volume filled with ink at high speed by a certain proportion when a voltage is applied.

A conveyor line, in particular a conveyor line for printing material 02 preferably includes those devices that provide a transport path for the substrate 02 specify, for example, rollers, cylinders, vanes and the like. A conveyor line of the at least one first printing unit 200 extending from one to the other for the substrate 02 provided transport path first pressure point 201 the at least one first printing unit 200 up to one along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path last pressure point 201 the at least one first printing unit 200 extends, is used as a pressure path of the at least one first printing unit 200 designated. The intended transport path is that area of space that the printing material 02 in the event of his presence, in particular in a regular printing operation, if appropriate, occupy. The conveying path of the at least one first printing unit 200 preferably includes those devices that the transport path through the at least one first printing unit 200 specify, in particular both the intended transport regardless of a presence of the substrate 02 as well as the actual transport route when the substrate is present 02 , The part of the intended transport path of the printing material determined by the printing section 02 is referred to as a printing section of the intended transport path.

This preferably has at least one printing unit 200 along the printing section of the substrate 02 provided transport path to a support point or more support points. Support points are preferably distinguished by the fact that the intended transport path with respect to its transport direction is influenced, for example changed, at interpolation points. These support points are defined for example by respective guide elements. In the case of a central cylinder 201 has the at least one first printing unit 200 for example, only the central cylinder 201 as a support point defining guide on. Guide elements and / or the central cylinder 201 are preferably part of the printing material guide. Guide elements are preferably those devices which are suitable for the printing material 02 limit and redirect provided transport path and in particular in the case of the presence of the printing substrate 02 preferably at least partially with the printing material 02 stay in contact.

The at least one first job 211 is preferred in the direction of rotation of the first central cylinder 201 and thus along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the first impression 206 arranged. An axial length of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder is preferred 201 at least as big as the working width of the printing machine 01 , There is a single or several nozzle bars 213 per printing unit 200 arranged. Indicates a printhead 212 multiple nozzles, so form all target areas of the nozzles of this printhead 212 together a workspace of this printhead 212 , Workspaces of Printheads 212 a nozzle bar 213 and in particular a double row of printheads 212 boundaries in the axial direction A seen at each other and / or overlap in the axial direction A seen. In this way is also in the axial direction A non-continuous printhead 212 ensured that in the axial direction A seen at regular and preferably periodic distances target areas of nozzles of the at least one nozzle bar 213 and / or in particular each double row of printheads 212 lie. In any case, an entire working area of the at least one nozzle bar extends 213 preferably over at least 90% and more preferably 100% of the working width of the printing machine 01 and / or the entire width of the bale of the at least one first central cylinder 201 in the axial direction A , On one or both sides with respect to the axial direction A can be a narrow area of the substrate web 02 and / or the bale of the first central cylinder 201 be present, which is not the working area of the nozzle bars 213 belongs. An entire working area of the at least one nozzle bar 213 is preferred from all workspaces of printheads 212 this at least one nozzle bar composed and is preferably from all target areas of nozzles of these printheads 212 this at least one nozzle bar 213 composed. Preferably, an entire work area corresponds to a double row of print heads 212 in the axial direction A seen the working area of the at least one nozzle bar 213 ,

Here are the printheads 212 at least in the printing operation, preferably oriented such that the nozzles of each printhead 212 essentially in the radial direction on the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 point. Deviations from radial directions within a tolerance range of preferably not more than 10 ° and more preferably not more than 5 ° are to be considered essentially radial directions. This means that the at least one on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 aligned printhead 212 with respect to the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 in a radial direction on the lateral surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 is aligned. This radial direction is one on the axis of rotation 207 the at least one first central cylinder 201 related radial direction. Each double row of printheads 212 is preferably assigned a printing fluid of a particular color and / or assignable, for example, each one of the colors black, cyan, yellow and magenta or a paint, for example a clearcoat. The appropriate printing unit 200 allows a one-sided multicolor, especially four-color printing of the substrate web 02 , It is also possible to use fewer or more different colors with a printing aggregate 200 to print, for example, additional spot colors. In one embodiment, at least in the printing operation, a plurality of rows of printheads 212 , more preferably four double rows, and more preferably eight double rows of printheads 212 arranged in succession on at least one surface of at least one transfer body, for example at least one transfer cylinder and / or at least one transfer belt aligned.

By orientation of the printing material web 02 for example by means of a Bahnkantenausrichters and optionally through the first impression roller 206 the at least one first printing unit 200 and by the large wrap angle of the printing material web 02 around the at least one first central cylinder 201 and optionally by other devices such as drivers ensures that the substrate web 02 without slippage in a precisely defined position on the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 is arranged and also remains until a selective detachment at the end of the range of the wrap angle. Through the contact of the printing material web 02 with the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 In addition, swelling of the printing material web 02 at least in the transport direction of the printing material web 02 and at least for the duration of a contact of a respective area of the substrate web 02 with the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 even after contact with drops of pressurized fluid prevented or at least sufficiently reduced. This will ensure that drops of pressurized fluid from different printheads 211 on a uniformly defined printing substrate 02 be applied. An exact and constant position of the printing material web 02 relative to the at least one first central cylinder 201 is for a passport-fair and / or register-compatible printed image 03 Of great importance, in particular when the control of the at least one nozzle with the rotational position of the first central cylinder 201 is linked.

The nozzles of the at least one printhead 212 are arranged such that a distance between the nozzles and on the cylinder jacket surface of the at least one first central cylinder 201 arranged printing material web 02 at least when arranged in a printing position printhead 212 preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm and more preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm. There is a very accurate orientation and / or knowledge of the position of the printing substrate 02 relative to the nozzles and their target areas. A drop flight time between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 is for example by a teach-in process and / or by the known distance between the nozzles and the printing material web 02 and a known drop speed known. From the angular position of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and / or the first drive 208 the at least one first central cylinder 201 , the rotational speed of the at least one first central cylinder 201 and the drop flight time is determined an ideal time to eject a respective drop, so that a passer-sized and / or register-compliant imaging of the substrate web 02 is reached.

Preferably, at least one sensor designed as a first print image sensor is arranged, more preferably at one point along the transport path of the printing material web 02 after the first job 211 , The at least one first print image sensor is designed, for example, as a first line scan camera or as a first area scan camera. The at least one first print image sensor is designed, for example, as at least one CCD sensor and / or as at least one CMOS sensor. By means of this at least one first print image sensor and a corresponding evaluation unit, for example the higher-level machine control, it is preferable to control all in the circumferential direction of the at least one first central cylinder 201 one behind the other and / or acting printheads 212 and / or double rows of printheads 212 the at least one first printing unit 200 monitored and / or regulated.

Preferably, the printing press 01 in addition to the at least one first printing unit 200 the at least one first selective dryer 351 on, with the axial direction A parallel to the axis of rotation 207 at least one guiding element 201 for printing material 02 within the at least one first printing unit 200 is oriented. The at least one guiding element 201 For example, at least one roller and / or at least one rod and / or at least one cylinder. As such a cylinder, for example, in the case of a working according to the offset printing method first printing unit 200 a form cylinder in question. This is preferably at least one guide element 201 the at least one central cylinder 201 , The axial direction A is for example parallel to a rotation axis of at least one transfer cylinder.

Preferably, the at least one first selective dryer 351 at least three, more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten and even more preferably at least fifteen energy delivery devices 352 on, each at least one radiation source 353 exhibit. For example, each energy delivery device 352 exactly one radiation source 353 on. In another embodiment, each energy delivery device 352 at least two or more sources of radiation 353 on. Preferably, the at least three energy delivery devices 352 respective Einwirkbereiche on, in the axial direction A at least partially offset from one another.

At least one of the at least three energy delivery devices is preferred 352 independent of at least one other of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 operated. More preferred is a plurality of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 independent of at least a majority of the other of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 operated. Even more preferred is each of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 independent of all other of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 operated. In this context, operability is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an activatability and / or deactivability and / or controllability and / or controllability. Independence means in particular that intensities of at least two different of the energy delivery devices 352 to the substrate 02 emitted and / or deliverable radiation in their simultaneous time course for different energy delivery devices 352 different running individually controlled and / or regulated. At least those are preferred effecting means 352 independently operable, the Einwirkbereiche are also arranged offset from one another.

Preferably, the at least one selective dryer 351 at least a first gas outlet nozzle 354 on, along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in one for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen after the area of action of at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 is arranged. Preferably, the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 as at least one slot nozzle 354 educated. Preferably, the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 an exit direction C on, which has at least one component, opposite to the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 next place for the substrate 02 provided transport path provided transport direction B for printing material 02 is oriented. One on each of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 referred comparison direction is preferably a direction that a transport direction B at one of these first gas outlet nozzle 354 next place for the substrate 02 provided transport path is directed exactly opposite, so in particular runs anti-parallel to it.

More preferably, the respective exit direction deviates C the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 from the respective comparison direction of this respective one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 by at most 15 °, more preferably at most 10 °, even more preferably at most 5 ° and even more preferably at most 1 ° from.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one selective dryer 351 at least a first gas discharge device 356 which is along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in the for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen before the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 and more preferably in this transport direction B seen in front of the area of action of at least one and, for example, all of the at least three energy delivery devices 352 is arranged. The at least one gas discharge device 356 is preferred as at least one actively acting gas discharge device 356 and / or suction device 356 educated. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one first gas discharge device 356 preferably as at least one passively acting gas discharge device 356 and / or as at least one guide surface 356 educated.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in the for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen after the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 at least a second gas outlet nozzle 357 is arranged and that further preferably along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in the for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen between the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 and the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 at least a second gas discharge device 358 is arranged. Preferably, the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 just like the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 , Preferably, the at least one second gas discharge device 358 same as the at least one first gas discharge device 356 ,

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in the for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen after the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 at least a third gas outlet nozzle 359 is arranged and that further preferably along the for the substrate 02 provided transport path in the for the substrate 02 provided transport direction B seen between the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 and the at least one third gas outlet nozzle 359 at least a third gas discharge device 361 is arranged. Preferably, the at least one third gas outlet nozzle 359 just like the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 and / or the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 , The at least third gas discharge device is preferred 361 same as the at least one first gas discharge device 356 and / or as the at least one second gas discharge device 358 ,

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally, characterized in that at least two, more preferably at least three, even more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten and even more preferably at least fifteen first gas outlet nozzles 354 are arranged, their respective Einwirkbereiche in the axial direction A at least partially offset from one another. The same applies analogously to the second and third gas outlet nozzles 357 ; 359 , An offset arrangement is to be understood in particular as meaning an axial direction A referred center of the corresponding gas outlet nozzle 354 ; 357 ; 359 in the direction of dislocation at a distance to a corresponding center of a staggered corresponding first, second or third gas outlet nozzle 354 ; 357 ; 359 ,

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that each other in the axial direction A and / or in the transport direction B staggered gas outlet nozzles 354 ; 357 ; 359 are each formed individually and independently operable. In particular, at least one of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles is preferred 354 independent of at least one other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles 354 operated. More preferably, at least a plurality of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles 354 independent of at least a majority of the other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles 354 operated. Even more preferred is each of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles 354 independent of at least all other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles 354 operated. The same applies analogously to the second and third gas outlet nozzles 357 ; 359 ,

In this context, operability is to be understood as meaning, in particular, an activatability and / or deactivability and / or controllability and / or controllability. In this case, independence means that quantities of at least two different of the first gas outlet nozzles 354 discharged gases and / or gas mixtures in their simultaneously occurring time course for different of the first gas outlet nozzles 354 different running individually controlled and / or regulated. In particular, such first gas outlet nozzles are preferred 354 independently operable with respect to the axial direction A arranged offset from each other.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one first printing unit 200 a working at least also after a non-impact printing process printing unit 200 is, further preferred that the at least one first printing unit 200 at least one inkjet printhead 212 having.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one printing unit 200 has at least one offset printing unit and / or at least one flat printing unit and / or at least one gravure printing unit and / or at least one high-pressure unit and / or at least one screen printing unit.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that along the for printing material 02 provided transport path in the intended direction of transport B after at least a first selective dryer 351 and more preferably according to the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 and even more preferably after the at least one second gas outlet nozzle 357 and / or the at least one third gas outlet nozzle 359 , in particular after at least one last gas outlet nozzle, at least one first after-dryer 301 is arranged. The at least one after-dryer 301 For example, it is characterized by the fact that it has an area of action that extends in the axial direction A over an entire working width of the printing press 01 extends and is formed exclusively as a whole influenceable in terms of its output for drying operations power. Preferably, the at least one first after dryer 301 than over in the axial direction A extending width of the intended transport path exclusively uniformly acting dryer 301 educated. For example, the at least one after-dryer 301 as at least one radiation dryer and / or formed as at least one hot air dryer. For example, the at least one first after-dryer 301 in the axial direction A referred only to an exclusively controllable as a whole and / or controllable energy delivery device or more exclusively jointly controllable and / or controllable energy delivery devices on. In particular, if the at least one first after-dryer 301 is arranged, the at least one selective dryer acts 351 preferably as a pre-dryer 351 , Then, by means of the at least one first selective dryer 351 particularly strong to be dried, for example, particularly wet areas of the substrate 02 and / or the printed image 03 be dried at least so far that thereafter a relatively small but uniform drying performance is sufficient over the entire width of the printing material 02 is applied.

Preferably, the printing press is characterized 01 alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least one of the radiation sources 353 or more preferably, a plurality of the radiation sources 353 or even more preferably, each of the radiation sources 353 a radiation source 352 for the controlled and / or regulated delivery of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum, in particular in the near infrared range, and / or in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The optionally used electromagnetic radiation therefore preferably has at least one wavelength which is in the range between 100 nm (one hundred nanometers) and 1 m (one meter) and which is more preferably for example in the ultraviolet range (10 nm to 380 nm, ten nanometers to three hundred eighty Nanometer) and / or in the visible range (380 nm to 780 nm, three hundred eighty nanometers to seven hundred eighty nanometers) and / or in the infrared range (780 nm to 1 mm, seven hundred eighty nanometers to one Millimeter), in particular in the near infrared range (780 nm to 3 μm, seven hundred eighty nanometers to three micrometers) and / or in the microwave range (1 mm to 1 m, one millimeter to one meter) of the electromagnetic spectrum. The optionally used electromagnetic radiation further preferably has at least one wavelength which lies in the range between 8 cm (eight centimeters) and 16 cm (sixteen centimeters).

Preferably, the at least one selective dryer 351 with respect to the substrate 02 provided transport path as close as possible after a last job 211 the corresponding first printing unit 200 arranged. For example, with respect to a plurality of job sites 211 in each case directly after this respective job 211 and before each next job 211 at least one selective dryer 351 arranged. By arranging a respective first gas outlet nozzle 354 and a respective first gas discharge device 356 the influence of gas flows on the respective area between application points is preferred 211 limited and at the job sites 211 itself has no influence on gas flows and thereby, for example, in the case of inkjet printheads 212 reduces the risk of unintentionally deflected drops of pressurized fluid.

For example, in the case of a central cylinder 201 trained guide element 201 is preferably at least one Einwirkbereich at least a first energy delivery device 352 arranged so that at least one radiation source 353 at least one energy delivery device 352 on a lateral surface of the central cylinder 201 is aligned, in particular with respect to the substrate 02 provided transport path to a job site 211 the at least one first printing unit 200 , which also on the lateral surface of this central cylinder 201 is arranged. One of the at least one first energy delivery device 352 and in particular their radiation source 353 nearest part of the substrate 02 provided transport path is then preferably in contact with the lateral surface of the at least one central cylinder 201 , The at least one application point is also preferred 211 at one on this lateral surface of this central cylinder 201 arranged location of the substrate 02 arranged transport path arranged. One of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 nearest part of the substrate 02 provided transport path is preferably in contact with the lateral surface of the at least one central cylinder 201 , One of the at least one first gas discharge device 356 nearest part of the substrate 02 provided transport path is preferably in contact with the lateral surface of the at least one central cylinder 201 , The exit direction C the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 is preferably tangential to the lateral surface of the at least one central cylinder 201 , A central emission direction of the at least one energy delivery device 352 is preferred to tolerances of at most 20 ° and more preferably at most 10 ° radially to one of these energy delivery device 352 next position of the lateral surface of the central cylinder 201 ,

Preference is given to a method for at least partial drying of the particular web-shaped printing material 02 the substrate 02 along the transport path in the transport direction B by at least one printing unit 200 is transported and wherein in a printing operation at least one pressurized fluid in the form of at least one printed image 03 on the substrate 02 is applied. Preferably, in at least one first drying operation, the at least one pressurized fluid is then conveyed by means of the at least one first selective drier 351 at least partially dried.

At least three, more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven, even more preferably at least ten and even more preferably at least fifteen different, in each case at least one radiation source are preferred in a first partial process of the first drying process designed as an irradiation process 353 having energy delivery facilities 352 the at least one first selective dryer 351 in a controlled and / or regulated manner electromagnetic radiation in the direction of the printing substrate 02 emitted and more preferably to the substrate 02 and / or delivered the pressurized fluid. As described, the at least three energy delivery devices 352 prefers respective Einwirkbereiche on the one in the direction of transport B orthogonal axial direction A at least partially offset from one another. Intensities of at least two different ones of the energy delivery devices are preferred 352 in the direction of the substrate 02 emitted and more preferably to the substrate 02 and / or the pressure fluid emitted radiation in their simultaneous time course for different of the energy delivery devices 352 varying degrees individually controlled and / or regulated.

At least one gas or gas mixture, in particular air from at least one first gas outlet nozzle, is preferred in a second partial operation of the first drying process designed as a transport process 354 in an exit direction C ejected, the at least one of the transport direction B at one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle 354 next place for the substrate 02 having provided transport path opposite component.

Preferably, the method is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the gas or gas mixture between the substrate 02 on the one hand and at least one of in particular at least three energy delivery devices 352 and / or at least one radiation source 353 on the other hand is transported through, and more preferably at least one by the electromagnetic radiation from the substrate 02 removes removed solvent and / or by means of at least one first Gasableiteinrichtung 356 from the substrate 02 and / or the intended transport path of the printing substrate 02 Will get removed.

Preferably, the method is characterized alternatively or additionally in that the intensities of the energy delivery devices 352 in the direction of the substrate 02 emitted and preferably to the substrate 02 and / or the pressure fluid emitted radiation in their simultaneously occurring time course for different energy delivery devices 352 controlled and / or regulated differently based on image data. The image data are preferred by sensory detection of the printing material 02 at least one already provided with pressurized fluid and / or by processing of a creation of template image data for the printing in the at least one first printing unit 200 accumulating data and / or from the template image data for the print itself and / or drive data for at least one print head 212 the at least one first printing unit 200 won. A sensory detection takes place, for example, by means of at least one after at least one job 211 and / or before each first energy delivery device 352 arranged sensor. At least one such sensor is designed, for example, as at least one ultrasonic sensor and / or as a sensor which detects at least one electromagnetic radiation, in particular an infrared sensor.

Preferably, the method is characterized alternatively or additionally by that of the energy delivery devices 352 in a controlled and / or controlled manner in the direction of the printing substrate 02 emitted and more preferably to the substrate 02 and / or to the pressure fluid emitted electromagnetic radiation at least one wavelength in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or at least one wavelength in the ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

After the printing material web 02 the at least one first printing unit 200 has happened, the printing substrate 02 transported further along their transport path and preferably the at least one first after-dryer 301 the at least one dryer unit 300 fed. The at least one first after-dryer 301 is preferred as a flow dryer 301 and / or radiation dryer 301 and / or hot air dryer 301 and / or infrared radiation dryer 301 educated.

Along the transport path of the printing material web 02 For example, this is at least a second printing unit 400 arranged. The transport path of the printing material web 02 by the at least one second printing unit 400 runs preferably analogous to the transport path through the at least one first printing unit 200 , Within the at least one second printing unit 400 are preferably analog several printheads 412 on the second central cylinder 401 arranged aligned. The at least one second printing unit 400 is preferably analogous to the at least one first printing unit 200 , in particular with respect to at least one nozzle bar 413 , at least one, as an ink jet printhead 412 trained printhead 412 and their arrangement in double rows, the execution and resolution of the printing process, the arrangement, alignment and control of the nozzles and the mobility and adjustability of the at least one nozzle beam 413 and the at least one printhead 412 means at least one adjustment mechanism with a corresponding electric motor. With regard to the transport path of the printing material web 02 is after the at least one second printing unit 400 and / or after at least one application point of the at least one second printing unit 400 preferably at least one second selective dryer or pre-dryer and then the at least one second after-dryer 331 the at least one dryer unit 300 arranged. The structure of the at least one second selective dryer preferably resembles the structure of the at least one first selective dryer 351 , The construction of the at least one second after-dryer 331 is preferably similar to the construction of the at least one first after-dryer 301 , The first selective dryer 351 and / or the second selective dryer, for example, is relatively close to a respective application site 211 arranged. Functionally, however, he is after the appropriate printing unit 200 ; 400 arranged, even if it is optionally closely adjacent spatially and / or mounted on a same frame.

In at least one variant of the printing press is the printing press 01 is designed as a roller-rotation inkjet printing machine and is at least one transfer body with the at least one first central pressure cylinder 201 a transmission gap forming arranged. Then the at least one printhead is preferred 212 aligned with the at least one transmission body. The central pressure cylinder 201 is preferably formed as a counter-pressure cylinder in this case.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Printing machine, inkjet printing machine, roller printing machine, roller tinting machine

02

Substrate, substrate web, paper web, textile web, film, plastic film, metal foil

03

print image

100

Substrate source, roll-off device, reel splicer

101

printing material

111

Rotation axis ( 101 ; 103 )

200

Printing unit, inkjet printing unit, first

201

Central pressure cylinder, central cylinder, first; Rotation body, guide element

202

-

203

Roller, guide roller

204

Gap ( 201 ; 203 )

205

-

206

Cylinder, impression roller, first

207

Rotation axis ( 201 )

208

Drive motor, electric motor, direct drive, single drive, synchronous motor

209

Impression gap, first

210

-

211

application site

212

Imaging device, printhead, inkjet printhead, first

213

Nozzle bar, first

214

bruise

222

Print head row

300

dryer unit

301

Night dryer, infrared radiation dryer, radiation dryer, flow dryer, UV radiation dryer, hot air dryer, first

331

Night dryer, infrared radiation dryer, flow dryer, radiation dryer, hot air dryer, UV radiation dryer, second

351

Selective dryer main dryer, pre-dryer, first

352

Energy delivery device

353

radiation source

354

Gas outlet nozzle, first

355

-

356

Gas discharge device, suction device, guide surface, first

357

Gas outlet nozzle, second

358

Gas discharge device, second

359

Gas outlet nozzle, third

360

-

361

Gas discharge device, third

400

Printing unit, second

401

Central pressure cylinder, central cylinder, second; body of revolution

408

Drive motor, direct drive, electric motor, single drive, synchronous motor

409

-

410

-

411

-

412

Printhead, inkjet printhead, second

413

Nozzle bar, second

500

Post-processing device, folding device, rewinder, sheet cutter, plan delivery

A

Direction, transverse direction, axial

B

Transport direction ( 02 )

C

Exit direction ( 354 )

Claims (5)

Printing machine (01) with at least one first printing unit (200) and at least one first selective dryer (351), wherein the at least one first printing unit (200) is a printing unit (200) operating at least also according to a non-impact printing method and / or at least one inkjet printing head (212) and wherein an axial direction (A) parallel to a rotation axis (207) of at least one guide element (201) for printing material (02) within the at least one first printing unit (200) and wherein the at least one first selective dryer (351) has at least three on one for printing material (02) provided for transport and / or on a substrate (02) aligned and / or alignable energy delivery devices (352), each at least a radiation source (353) and wherein the at least three energy delivery devices (352) have respective Einwirkbereiche which are arranged offset in the axial direction (A) at least partially offset from each other and wherein at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices (352) independently of at least one other of at least three energy delivery devices (352) is operable, characterized in that the at least one first selective dryer (351) at least a first gas outlet nozzle (354) along the provided for the substrate (02) transport path in one for the substrate (02) provided Transport direction (B) seen after the Einwirkbereich at least one of the at least three energy delivery devices (352) is arranged and that the at least one first Gasaustrittsdüse (354) has an exit direction (C) having at least one component, which is opposite to one of the at least one first gas outlet d (b) is oriented for printing material (02) next to the transport path (B) provided for printing material (02) and that a comparison direction relating to a respective one of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle (354) is a direction corresponding to the transport direction ( B) at one of these first gas outlet nozzle (354) nearest point of the substrate (02) provided transport path is exactly opposite and that the respective exit direction (C) of the at least one first gas outlet nozzle (354) of the respective comparison direction of each of the respective at least a first Gas outlet nozzle (354) deviates by a maximum of 15 °. Printing press after Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one selective dryer (351) at least one first Gasableiteinrichtung (356) along the intended for the substrate (02) transport path in the for the substrate (02) provided for transport direction (B) seen before the at least one first gas outlet nozzle (354) is arranged. Printing press after Claim 2 , characterized in that at least two first gas outlet nozzles (354) are arranged, the respective Einwirkbereiche in the axial direction (A) are at least partially offset from one another and that at least one of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles (354) independently of at least one other of the at least two first gas outlet nozzles (354) is operable. Printing press after Claim 1 . 2 or 3 , characterized in that along the transport path (02) provided transport path in the intended direction of transport (B) after the at least one first selective dryer (351) at least a first after-dryer (301) is arranged, which has a Einwirkbereich extending in the axial Direction (A) extends over an entire working width of the printing press (01) and is designed to be influenceable exclusively as a whole with respect to its output for drying operations power. Printing press after Claim 1 . 2 . 3 or 4 , characterized in that at least one of the radiation sources (353) is a radiation source (352) for the controlled and / or regulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum having wavelengths of 1 mm to 1 m, and / or that at least one the radiation sources (353) is a radiation source (352) for the controlled and / or regulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum having wavelengths of 780 nm to 1 mm and / or that at least one of the radiation sources (353) is a radiation source (352) for controlled and / or regulated delivery of electromagnetic radiation in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum having wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm and / or at least one of the radiation sources (353) having a radiation source (352) for controlled and / or or controlled release of electromagnetic radiation in ultravi oletten range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which has wavelengths of 10 nm to 380 nm.

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