DE102014205778B3 - Synchronous device with staggered synchronous contour - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronizer for a vehicle transmission, which has an alternative design and thereby can offer functional advantages, manufacturing technology can be easily produced and optionally additionally can be designed to save space. For this purpose, a synchronizer 1 for a vehicle transmission with a synchronizer body 4 with a shaft outer teeth 5, with at least one coupling ring 11 and a loose wheel 3, wherein the coupling ring 11 has a loose-side external teeth 12, with a synchronizer ring 13, wherein the synchronizer ring 13 is a locking contour 20, with a shift sleeve 8, wherein the shift sleeve 8 is arranged to be displaceable in the axial direction A to the shaft 2, wherein the shift sleeve 8 a one-track toothing 9 has a synchronous contour 22, wherein the synchronous contour 22 in a synchronous position of the shift sleeve 8 with the locking contour 20th is engaged, proposed, wherein the Einspurverzahnung 9 and the synchronous contour 22 of the shift sleeve 8 are arranged offset in the radial direction to the shaft 2 to each other.

Description

The invention relates to a synchronizer for a vehicle transmission with a synchronizer body, wherein the synchronizer body rotatably coupled to a shaft or coupled and wherein the synchronizer body has a shaft outer side teeth, with at least one coupling ring and a loose wheel, wherein the idler gear rotatably connected to the coupling ring and coaxial is arranged to the shaft and wherein the coupling ring has loose side external teeth, with a synchronizer ring, wherein the synchronizer ring has a locking contour, with a sliding sleeve, wherein the sliding sleeve is arranged to be displaceable in the axial direction to the shaft, wherein the sliding sleeve has a Einspurverzahnung the Einspurverzahnung with the shaft-side outer teeth is in constant engagement and wherein the Einspurverzahnung decoupled in a neutral position of the shift sleeve of the loose-wheel-side outer teeth and in a Einspurstellung the shift sleeve with the loose wheel side External toothing is engaged, and wherein the shift sleeve has a synchronous contour with ratchet teeth, wherein the synchronous contour is in a synchronous position of the shift sleeve with the locking contour in engagement.

In vehicles synchronization devices are used to equalize speeds of waves and idler gears to rotatably couple the idler gears, for example, as part of a shift with the shaft. In many embodiments, the synchronization devices comprise a rotatably connected to the shaft support body which is circumferentially toothed and on which a shift sleeve is axially displaceable and rotatably connected thereto. Furthermore, such synchronization devices comprise a coupling body, which is non-rotatably connected to the idler gear, and at least one synchronization ring. During the axial displacement, a frictional connection is produced via the synchronization ring between the support body and the coupling body, so that the rotational speeds of the support body and of the coupling body are equalized. Once the speeds are equalized, the shift sleeve can be moved further in the axial direction to finally rotatably couple the circumferential toothing of the support body with a circumferential toothing of the coupling body.

Such a synchronization device is for example in the document DE 10 2006 053 495 A1 described. An interesting variation of a synchronization device is in the document DE 10 2007 010 307 B3 disclosed.

The publication DE 600 28 701 T2 , which forms the closest prior art discloses a synchronization device for frictionally synchronizing and positive connection of a first with a second drive member. The synchronization device has a first tooth pairing for the synchronization of the drive members and a second tooth pairing for the positive connection of the drive members. The two pairs of teeth are arranged offset in the radial direction to a main axis of rotation.

Field of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a synchronizer, which has an alternative design and thereby can offer functional advantages, manufacturing technology can be easily produced and optionally additionally can be designed to save space. This object is achieved by a synchronizing device with the features of claim 1. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In the context of the invention, a synchronizer is proposed which is suitable and / or designed for a vehicle transmission. The vehicle transmission is in particular a change gear and / or a manual transmission. Particularly preferably, the synchronizing device is designed as a locking synchronizer, in which a locking mechanism ensures that a switching operation is only possible when the synchronizer has assumed a synchronized state. Optionally, the vehicle transmission with the synchronizing device or a vehicle with the vehicle transmission forms a further subject of the invention.

The synchronizer comprises a synchronizer body which is rotatably coupled or coupled to a shaft. Optionally, the synchronizer includes the shaft. Synchronous body and shaft may be integrally formed, but alternatively as two separate units. The synchronizer body has an external toothing, which is referred to below as shaft-side external toothing. The outer toothing is in particular circumferentially or at least partially formed circumferentially to a main axis of rotation of the shaft. The external teeth in particular have teeth whose longitudinal extent is aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation.

Furthermore, the synchronizer comprises at least one coupling ring and a idler gear rotatably connected thereto. Losrad and coupling ring may be integrally or alternatively formed as two separate units. The idler gear is coaxial to the shaft, in particular to the main axis of rotation of the shaft arranged. The coupling ring has an external toothing, which is referred to below as loose-wheel-side external gear teeth. The loose-wheel-side external toothing has, in particular, teeth whose longitudinal extent is aligned parallel to the main axis of rotation. Particularly preferred are loose-wheel-side outer toothing and shaft-side outer toothing formed as a spur gear or Zylinderradverzahnung, wherein the toothing is formed straight and / or parallel to the axis. Particularly preferably, loose-wheel side and shaft-side outer toothing have the same pitch circle and / or the tooth pitch in toothed areas.

Between the synchronizer body and the coupling ring, a synchronizer ring is arranged. The synchronizer ring has a locking contour, which forms a mechanical interface. Particularly preferably, the synchronizer ring has a friction surface, which can be brought into frictional connection with a friction surface of a further friction ring or with a friction surface of the coupling ring. In particular, the synchronizer ring is designed as a friction ring. The at least one further friction ring may be rotatably connected to the coupling ring when the synchronizer is formed, for example, as a Einkonus synchronization system. In the event that the synchronizing device is designed as a multi-cone synchronization device, in particular as a double or triple cone synchronization device, the further friction ring is z. B. formed as one or more intermediate rings.

The synchronizer comprises a shift sleeve, wherein the shift sleeve is formed as a ring body. The shift sleeve is arranged concentrically and coaxially with the synchronizer body. The shift sleeve is arranged in the axial direction to the shaft, in particular to the main axis of rotation of the shaft, slidably in the synchronizer. Particularly preferably, the synchronizer comprises on both sides of the synchronizer body such a synchronizer ring and a coupling ring and a rotatably connected to the coupling ring idler gear to selectively couple the shaft with one of the idler gears.

The shift sleeve is arranged so displaceable in the axial direction of the shaft so that it can take a neutral position and deflected in the axial direction a Einspurstellung in a middle position. In the neutral position synchronizer body and coupling ring and thus idler gear are dreenktkoppelt, in the Einspurstellung synchronizer body and coupling ring on the shift sleeve rotatably connected to each other.

The shift sleeve has a meshing toothing, wherein the meshing toothing is particularly preferably as a running in the circumferential direction toothing with teeth whose longitudinal extent is aligned in the axial direction. In particular, the Einspurverzahnung is designed as a spur or Zylinderradverzahnung, in particular as a straight and / or axially parallel teeth. The Einspurverzahnung stands with the shaft-side outer toothing, ie with the outer toothing of the synchronizer, in constant engagement regardless of whether the shift sleeve is in the neutral position or in the Einspurstellung. However, the Einspurverzahnung is decoupled in the neutral position of the shift sleeve of the loose-wheel-side external toothing. In the Einspurstellung the shift sleeve, the Einspurverzahnung, however, is in engagement with the loose wheel side outer teeth, so that a positive connection is formed in the direction of rotation.

In addition to the Einspurverzahnung, the shift sleeve on a synchronous contour, wherein the synchronous contour is in a synchronous position of the shift sleeve with the locking contour of the synchronizer ring engages or is. In the synchronous position, the shift sleeve is retracted into the synchronizer ring, but not yet positively connected rotationally fixed to the coupling ring.

In the context of the invention, it is proposed that the meshing toothing and the synchronous contour of the sliding sleeve are arranged offset to one another in the radial direction relative to the shaft. In particular, single-tooth toothing and synchronous contour have different pitch circle diameters. If one thus sets a longitudinal section along the main axis of rotation of the shaft, so Einspurverzahnung and locking contour are arranged offset in height in the longitudinal section with horizontally lying shaft or main axis of rotation to each other.

It is a consideration of the invention, the Einspurverzahnung and the synchronous contour, which implement different functions in the synchronization of shaft and idler gear to separate and constructively space. In particular, the Einspurverzahnung can be arranged at a first pitch diameter and the synchronous contour in a second pitch circle diameter, wherein the first pitch circle diameter and the second pitch circle diameter are formed differently. Due to the radial offset of Einspurverzahnung and synchronous contour can be structurally formed independently of each other for a one-track toothing and synchronous contour. Comparing this approach with the known synchronization device from the cited prior art, it shows a tooth structure in the sliding sleeve, which initially by a toothing of the synchronization ring pushed through and subsequently had to be inserted into a toothing of the coupling body. Thus, the teeth of the synchronization ring and the toothing of the coupling body had to be coordinated. Due to the new approach, two different pairs of mating form and on the one hand, the pairing Einspurverzahnung and losradseitige external teeth and the second mating synchronous contour and locking contour. These two pairings can be structurally different. In particular, for example, the single-tooth toothing can be mechanically incompatible with the locking contour on the synchronizer ring or the synchronous contour can be realized mechanically incompatible with the loose-wheel-side external toothing.

As a result of this separation, it is possible to configure the pairings functionally independently of one another, so that the function of the synchronizing device is improved. In addition, it is also possible by the radial offset of Einspurverzahnung and locking contour to save axial space.

Similarly, it is preferred that the locking contour and the loose-wheel-side external toothing are arranged offset in the radial direction to the shaft to each other. In particular, the locking contour is not in alignment with the shaft-side outer toothing and the loose-wheel-side external toothing.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the locking contour is smaller than the diameter of the synchronous contour, alternatively or additionally, the locking contour is formed as an outer contour with radially outwardly facing portions and the synchronous contour as an inner contour with radially inwardly facing portions.

After in a synchronization process, if necessary, via intermediate elements, in particular via Vorsynchronisationselemente, first an operative connection between the synchronizer body and the synchronizer ring and thus indirectly with the coupling ring is made and only subsequently a positive connection between the synchronizer body and the coupling ring is made via the sliding sleeve, it is preferred that the Einspurverzahnung and the synchronous contour are arranged offset from one another in the axial direction. In particular, Einspurverzahnung and Losradseitige external teeth on the one hand and locking contour and synchronous contour on the other hand arranged to each other, that initially the synchronous contour with the locking contour in operative connection and only in a further axial displacement of the shift sleeve, the Einspurverzahnung enters into operative connection with the loose wheel-side outer toothing.

In a preferred structural embodiment of the invention, the synchronous contour has a number of ratchet teeth and the locking contour the same number of locking recordings, wherein in a synchronization, ie a transition from the neutral position to the synchronous position, the ratchet teeth are retracted into the locking contour in the axial direction. The number of ratchet teeth and / or the number of locking shots is smaller than the number of teeth of the shaft-side external teeth, the loose-wheel-side external teeth or the Einspurverzahnung. This embodiment is based on the consideration that, among other things, the angular position between the sliding sleeve and synchronizer ring must be adjusted during synchronization, with a coarser tooth spacing facilitates adjustment. In contrast, it is advantageous to use more teeth in the coupling between the shift sleeve and the coupling ring to increase the maximum torque to be transmitted, since in the Einspurstellung the synchronizer is connected and the torque is transmitted.

In this context, it is particularly preferred that the intermediate angle between two locking teeth and / or between two locking shots greater than 10 degrees, preferably greater than 20 degrees and in particular greater than 30 degrees is formed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the synchronizer has a plurality of Vorsynchronisationselemente, which may be designed as detents and / or as pressure devices, which are selectively arranged on the synchronizer body or on the shift sleeve and which engage in recordings of the other partner. It can be provided that the Vorsynchronisationselemente are arranged in the direction of rotation about the shaft offset from the ratchet teeth.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, which is particularly inexpensive to produce, the Einspurverzahnung and the synchronous contour are integrally formed in the shift sleeve. In particular, the shift sleeve is formed as a forming part. By integrating several functions into the sliding sleeve, on the one hand, the function can be improved and, on the other, space can also be saved. Particularly preferably, the synchronous contour is introduced by a stamping process in the shift sleeve.

According to the invention the ratchet teeth are designed as an end stop for the shift sleeve, wherein the ratchet teeth strike as an end stop in an axial displacement of the shift sleeve against the coupling ring, in particular against an axial end side of the coupling ring in the Einspurstellung. This embodiment is only possible because the Einspurverzahnung and the synchronous contour are arranged radially offset from each other. In the same radial height, the ratchet teeth could not serve as an end stop.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ratchet teeth on a locking roof toothing, which is formed in a radial plan view from the outside as a triangle, wherein the triangle spans a locking angle with its axially outwardly pointing tip. The teeth of Einspurverzahnung form a Einspurdachverzahnung, which also have at the free ends in a radial plan view in this case from the inside a triangular shape and span a Einspurwinkel. The locking angle and the Einspurwinkel are designed differently. This different training is also only made possible by the fact that the synchronous contour and the Einspurverzahnung are offset in radial height to each other and thereby separated.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and the accompanying figures. Showing:

1a , b, c a synchronizer as an embodiment of the invention in a schematic longitudinal section and in two sectional planes in a neutral position;

2a , b. c the synchronizer of the 1a , b, c respectively in the same representations at the beginning of a synchronization;

3a , b, c the synchronizer of the 1a , b, c respectively in the same representations in an Einspurstellung;

The 1a shows in a schematic longitudinal sectional view along a main axis of rotation H a synchronizer 1 as an embodiment of the invention. The synchronizer 1 serves a wave 2 with a loose wheel 3 rotatably coupled or decoupled to a switching operation in a vehicle transmission z. B. implement a passenger car. While in the 1a only one idler 3 shown on the left can be at the synchronizer 1 Also on the right side another idler gear and the other components for selective coupling of the idler gear can be provided. For example, the wave 2 formed as a drive shaft, via the speed and torque of a drive motor, such as. As an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, are transmitted to a transmission output.

The synchronizer 1 comprises a synchronizer body 4 which is coaxial with the shaft 2 is arranged and z. B. via a toothing (not shown) rotatably in the direction of rotation with the shaft 2 connected is. synchronizer 4 and wave 2 can also be formed in one piece. The synchronizer body 4 carries on its outer circumference a straight, paraxial to the shaft 2 running wave-sided toothing 5 ,

The shaft-side toothing 5 is repeatedly interrupted in the direction of rotation by open areas, wherein in the outdoor areas pressure devices 6 are arranged. The printing devices 6 are designed as Vorsynchronisationselemente, in particular as detents and each have a spring-loaded pressure element 7 on, which presses in the radial direction to the outside. The printing devices 6 and printing elements 7 are arranged in the illustration shown offset in the direction of rotation and drawn for this reason only dashed.

On the synchronizer body 4 , which is formed in a hub shape, is a shift sleeve 8th slidably disposed in the axial direction A. The sliding sleeve 8th has a Einspurverzahnung 9 which is designed as a straight, axially parallel toothing and which on the inner circumference of the shift sleeve 8th is arranged. The meshing toothing 9 is in a positive engagement with the shaft-side toothing 5 However, allows the displacement in the axial direction A. On the outer circumference is an engagement groove 10 arranged to engage a shift fork or a similar switching device. The sliding sleeve 8th is formed in the coarse form as a ring body.

The idler wheel 3 is with a coupling ring 11 rotatably connected or integrally formed with this. On its outer circumference carries the coupling ring 11 a loose-wheel-side gearing 12 , The loose-wheel-side gearing 12 is designed as a straight, axially parallel teeth and is arranged and / or dimensioned so that the Einspurverzahnung 9 with this in a Einspurstellung, like this in the 3a is shown, can occur in positive engagement with the rotationally fixed coupling in the direction of rotation. So are wave-sided gearing 5 , Single-tooth toothing 9 and loose-wheel side gearing 12 arranged on a first pitch diameter D1.

The synchronizer 1 includes a synchronizer ring 13 which is coaxial with the shaft 2 is arranged and which on one of the synchronizer body 4 opposite side a friction surface 14 wearing. The synchronizer ring 13 can be formed in one or more parts. With the friction surface 14 occurs the synchronizer ring 13 in frictional contact with a first intermediate ring 15 , one of the friction surface 14 facing counter friction 16 wearing. The first intermediate ring 15 carries on its radial inside a further friction surface 17 with which he has another intermediate ring 18 - Also called inner ring - or its friction surface 19 also in frictional contact. The first intermediate ring 15 is with the coupling ring 11 rotatably coupled in the direction of rotation, so that at a frictional engagement between the synchronizer ring 13 and the first intermediate ring 15 the speed of the coupling ring 11 and thus the idler gear 3 to the speed of the synchronizer ring 13 is adjusted. The synchronizer ring 13 carries on its radial outer side a locking contour 20 , The sliding sleeve 8th On the other hand, it carries a synchronous contour on its radial inner side 22 which are engageable with each other.

For better visualization is in the 1b is a sectional view along the section line AA through the Einspurverzahnung 9 and the loose wheel side external teeth 12 in the 1a and in the 1c a sectional view along the section line through the locking contour 20 and the synchronous contour 22 BB in the 1a shown.

In the 1b is an example of a tooth 24 the Einspurverzahnung 9 as well as a tooth 25 the loose-wheel side gearing 12 shown.

In the 1c on the other hand is the blocking contour 20 and the synchronous contour 22 visualized, with the synchronous contour 22 a plurality of ratchet teeth 23 and the locking contour 20 a plurality of blocking recordings 21 having. At the free ends have the ratchet teeth 23 in the sectional view BB, which also corresponds to a radial plan view, a locking roof teeth 26 on, which spans a blocking angle alpha. In contrast, the ratchet teeth 21 in the direction of rotation laterally through receiving sections 27 limited at the the ratchet teeth 23 facing sides a funnel section 28 for receiving the locking roof toothing 26 form. The flanks of the locking roof toothing 26 and the funnel section 28 meet linear or flat in operation and each have the blocking angle alpha or approximately the blocking angle alpha.

The teeth 24 the Einspurverzahnung 9 have, however, a first Einspurdachverzahnung 29a on, which forms a Einspurwinkel β at the ends. The loose-wheel-side gearing 12 has a second Einspurdachverzahnung 29b on, which also spans the meshing angle β. The single-track roof gears 29a , b are in operation when meshing linear or flat to each other.

While the shaft-side teeth 5 , the single-tooth toothing 9 and the loose-wheel-side gearing 12 are arranged on the pitch circle diameter D1, the synchronous contour 22 and the locking contour 20 arranged on a second part circular blade D2, which is smaller than the first pitch circle diameter D1 formed. This is the Einspurverzahnung 9 and the synchronous contour 22 in the radial direction with respect to the main axis of rotation H offset from each other.

This radial offset on the one hand has the advantage that blocking angle alpha and meshing angle beta can be chosen differently and are chosen differently in this embodiment. In particular, the angles differ by at least 5 degrees. Thus, the angles alpha and beta can each be selected functionally, so that the overall function of the synchronizer 1 is improved. Compared to conventional synchronizing devices can also be an axial space between the idler wheel shown 3 and the idler gear, not shown, because the function group synchronous contour 22 - locking contour 20 and the function group meshing teeth 9 - loose gear toothing 12 not serially in the axial direction one behind the other, but are arranged offset from each other in parallel. In the 1a , b, c is a neutral position of the sliding sleeve 8th and / or the synchronizer 1 shown, wherein the shift sleeve 8th in a middle position to the synchronizer body 4 is arranged and the printing device 6 with the pressure element 7 in the sliding sleeve 8th is locked.

The 2a , b, c show the synchronizer 1 in the synchronization process, wherein the shift sleeve 8th in the axial direction A in the direction of the idler gear 3 is deflected and the synchronization starts. In this position, the pressure device presses 6 in the axial direction against the synchronizer ring 13 , so that a frictional engagement between synchronizer ring 13 and intermediate ring 15 is built. By this frictional engagement of the synchronizer ring 13 placed in locked position. In a further axial displacement of the shift sleeve 8th locks the synchronous contour 22 the locking contour 20 through the frictional connection. After synchronization, the ratchet teeth slide 23 with the locking roof toothing 26 into the lock recordings 21 , wherein the locking roof teeth 26 at the funnel section 28 is guided along. Once the ratchet teeth 23 into the lock recordings 21 are centered, the unlocking is done and the synchronizer 1 is in a free flight position.

In a further axial displacement of the shift sleeve 8th the meshing takes place, as in the Einspurstellung in the 3a , b, c is shown. In the Einspurstellung is the Einspurverzahnung 9 in the loose-wheel side toothing 12 retracted, wherein when retracting any differences in rotational angle by sliding the Einspurdachverzahnung 29a and 29b have been corrected. In the Einspurstellung is the synchronizer body 4 with the loose wheel 3 rotatably over the shift sleeve 8th connected.

To retract the shift sleeve too far 8th in the direction of the idler gear 3 to limit form the ratchet teeth 23 in their entirety or the synchronous contour 22 an end stop, which as in the 3c shown in an end stop position on the coupling ring 11 in the axial direction A strikes or can strike and in this way a further displacement of the shift sleeve 8th positively prevented in the axial direction A.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

synchromesh

2

wave

3

Losrad

4

synchronizer

5

Shaft-side external toothing

6

print Setup

7

Spring-loaded pressure element

8th

shift sleeve

9

meshing teeth

10

engagement

11

coupling ring

12

Losradseitiges external teeth

13

synchronizer ring

14

friction surface

15

intermediate ring

16

counter friction

17

friction surface

18

intermediate ring

19

friction surface

20

locking contour

21

blocking receiver

22

synchronous contour

23

ratchet

24

tooth

25

tooth

26

Lock roof teeth

27

receiving portion

28

funnel section

29a, b

Einspurdachverzahnung

A

axial direction

D1, D2

Pitch diameter

H

Main axis of rotation

Claims (9)

Synchronization device ( 1 ) for a vehicle transmission with a synchronizer body ( 4 ), wherein the synchronous body ( 4 ) rotatably with a shaft ( 2 ) is coupled or coupled and wherein the synchronous body ( 4 ) a shaft-side external toothing ( 5 ), with at least one coupling ring ( 11 ) and a loose wheel ( 3 ), whereby the loose wheel ( 3 ) rotatably with the coupling ring ( 11 ) and coaxial with the shaft ( 2 ) and wherein the coupling ring ( 11 ) a loose-wheel-side external toothing ( 12 ), with a synchronizer ring ( 13 ), wherein the synchronizer ring ( 13 ) a blocking contour ( 20 ), with a sliding sleeve ( 8th ), wherein the shift sleeve ( 8th ) in the axial direction (A) to the shaft ( 2 ) is arranged displaceably, wherein the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) a Einspurverzahnung ( 9 ), wherein the Einspurverzahnung ( 9 ) with the shaft-side external toothing ( 5 ) is in constant engagement and wherein the Einspurverzahnung ( 9 ) in a neutral position of the shift sleeve ( 8th ) of the loose-wheel-side external toothing ( 12 ) decoupled and in a Einspurstellung the shift sleeve ( 8th ) with the loose-wheel-side external toothing ( 12 ) is engaged, and wherein the shift sleeve ( 8th ) a synchronous contour ( 22 ) with ratchet teeth ( 23 ), wherein the synchronous contour ( 22 ) in a synchronous position of the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) with the locking contour ( 20 ), wherein the Einspurverzahnung ( 9 ) and the synchronous contour ( 22 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) in the radial direction to the shaft ( 2 ) are arranged offset to one another, characterized in that the ratchet teeth ( 23 ) as an end stop for the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) against the coupling ring ( 11 ) are formed in the Einspurstellung. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking contour ( 20 ) as an outer contour and the synchronous contour ( 22 ) is formed as an inner contour. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the meshing toothing ( 9 ) and the synchronous contour ( 22 ) are arranged offset in the axial direction to each other. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the synchronous contour ( 22 ) a number of ratchet teeth ( 23 ) and the blocking contour ( 20 ) the same number of blocking recordings ( 21 ), this number being smaller than the number of teeth ( 24 . 25 ) of the shaft-side external toothing ( 5 ), the loose wheel-side external toothing ( 12 ) or the Einspurverzahnung ( 9 ). Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate angle between two ratchet teeth ( 23 ) or between two blocking recordings ( 21 ) greater than 10 °, preferably greater than 20 ° and in particular greater than 30 ° is formed. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the synchronizing device ( 1 ) a plurality of printing devices ( 6 ) as Vorsynchronisationselemente, wherein the pressure means ( 6 ) in the direction of rotation around the Wave ( 2 ) offset to the ratchet teeth ( 23 ) are arranged. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the meshing toothing ( 9 ) and the synchronous contour ( 22 ) in one piece in the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) are formed. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the synchronous contour ( 22 ) by an embossing process in the sliding sleeve ( 8th ) is introduced. Synchronization device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the ratchet teeth ( 23 ) a locking roof toothing ( 26 ) with a blocking angle (alpha) and the teeth ( 24 ) of Einspurverzahnung a Einspurdachverzahnung ( 29a ) with a Einspurwinkel (beta), wherein the locking angle (alpha) and the Einspurwinkel (beta) are formed differently.

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