DE102014200450A1 - Energy management method and energy management system for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy management method for a vehicle 2, which comprises an energy store 6 and at least one consumer 13, 3, in which the energy reserve in the energy store 6 is detected and a predicted remaining range of the vehicle 2 is calculated, a predicted change in the remaining range as a function of different energy consumption states of the consumer 13 is calculated and output. The energy management method according to the present invention is characterized in that a user input that sets a target power consumption state different from the present actual power state and the timing of a parameter associated with the consumer 13 are detected for the target power consumption state of the user 13, 3 is selected, wherein a plurality of alternatives is selected, which consume the same amount of energy on average in a defined time interval, and the consumer 13, 3 is driven in accordance with the fixed time development of the parameter. Furthermore, the invention relates to an energy management system for carrying out this method.

Description

The present invention relates to an energy management method for a vehicle, which comprises an energy store and at least one consumer. In the method, the energy reserve is detected in the energy storage and calculated a predicted remaining range of the vehicle. Furthermore, a predicted change in the remaining range is calculated and output depending on various consumption conditions of the consumer. The invention further relates to an energy management system for a vehicle having a sensor for detecting the energy supply in an energy store of the vehicle, a computing unit for calculating a projected residual range of the vehicle and for calculating a predicted change in the remaining range as a function of different energy consumption states of at least one consumer and one Output unit for outputting at least the predicted change in the remaining range.

Energy management methods are particularly important in vehicles with an electromotive drive, since there is not yet a wide network of charging stations is available in which the battery of such a vehicle can be charged. It is therefore important for the driver of such a vehicle that the individual consumers of the vehicle are controlled so that the range of the vehicle is sufficient to reach a desired destination.

From the DE 10 2009 052 853 A1 For example, a method for estimating the range of a motor vehicle is known. In the method, a limitation of a maximum permissible travel speed or a maximum permissible acceleration or a maximum power for a comfort system can be made by a driver. Furthermore, the driveway profiles surrounding the motor vehicle are detected. A computing device then calculates on the basis of the made limitation, the recorded route profiles and the remaining amount of energy still possible range and displays them.

From the DE 10 2010 028 356 A1 For example, a method and a device for determining an energy requirement of a motor vehicle are known. In this case, a value of a detected topographical or meteorological quantity is received for a section of road ahead of the motor vehicle. The energy requirement of the motor vehicle is then calculated as a function of this received value.

Furthermore, from the US 2012/0191279 A1 an energy management system in a vehicle known. In this system, a processor automatically calculates the range change when an electrically powered device is turned off or when the power consumption of the device is increased or decreased. It also shows how the energy consumption of individual consumers affects the remaining range of the vehicle.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an energy management method and an energy management system which allow the user to set the power consumption so as to ensure that the remaining range of the vehicle is sufficient to reach a specific destination, but at the same time the user can control the consumers flexibly, so that in particular a high degree of comfort for the user can be provided.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an energy management method having the features of claim 1 and an energy management system having the features of claim 12. Advantageous embodiments and further developments emerge from the dependent claims.

In the power management method of the present invention, a user input that sets a target power consumption state different from the present actual power consumption state is detected. In the method, the temporal evolution of a parameter for the target energy consumption state of the consumer is then determined, the parameter is assigned to the consumer and is selected between several alternatives that consume the same amount of energy on average in a defined time interval. The consumer is then driven according to the defined time evolution of the parameter.

In the energy management method according to the invention, the user can thus influence the remaining range of the vehicle by selecting the energy consumption state of the consumer. The forecast change in this residual range is output. In this way, the user can see how a change in the energy consumption state of a consumer affects the remaining range. If the user then changes the energy consumption state of a consumer, ie sets a target energy consumption state that differs from the present actual energy consumption state of this consumer, the method according to the invention opens up another setting possibility: When determining the new target energy consumption state the parameter of the consumer has a specific value. Depending on the function of the consumer, this parameter may change over time. The temporal development of the parameter has an influence on the energy consumption of the consumer. If the energy consumption state of the consumer is changed, the value of the parameter will also change. There are various possibilities for this, however.

According to the invention, this temporal evolution of the parameter is now established, with each of the possible alternatives having the same average energy consumption. In this way it is achieved that, in particular, different comfort settings can be determined, each having the same average energy consumption, i. which have the same influence on the remaining range of the vehicle. Advantageously, by choosing the user's energy consumption state, the user can thus ensure that the amount of energy in the energy store is sufficient, e.g. At the same time, however, the user can influence the way a consumer's parameter changes.

In the context of the invention, an energy consumption state is understood as an energy consumption per time interval. For each individual energy consumption state, the average energy consumption in a time interval is constant. If the energy of the energy storage device is also used to drive the vehicle, each individual energy consumption state thus influences the range of the vehicle in the same way. By selecting a particular energy consumption state, the influence of a consumer on the remaining range of the vehicle can thus be determined. Further, we set the temporal evolution of the parameter of the consumer to reach a target energy consumption state.

The consumer is in particular a comfort consumer of the vehicle, for example a thermal consumer. The consumer is, for example, an air conditioning device of the vehicle. By the air conditioning device, the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle is changed. Further, the air conditioning device may include a seat heater. In this case, the parameter is, in particular, the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

In the method according to the invention, the user thus does not specify a specific temperature in the interior of the vehicle, but rather a specific energy consumption state. He thus only determines how much energy the air conditioning device of the vehicle may consume in a certain time interval. However, in order to achieve this fixed average energy consumption of the air conditioning device, there are various alternatives for the time course of the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. According to the invention, this temporal evolution is determined for the temperature. In this case, the user can advantageously take into account preferences for the comfort in the vehicle. For example, the user may choose a rapid rise in temperature and a rather lower subsequently constant temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. On the other hand, the user may also choose a slow rise in temperature and a higher, then constant, temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Finally, it would also be possible for the user to select certain times when the temperature in the passenger compartment should be relatively high, and other times when the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle may be relatively low.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the consumer is an air conditioning device of the vehicle and the parameter is a thermal comfort parameter for a vehicle occupant. The interaction of heat exchange by convection, radiation and heat conduction in the passenger compartment of a vehicle results in a complex perception of the thermal comfort in the vehicle. The combination of external thermal loads and the heating and ventilation system in the vehicle results in a local climate that can vary considerably over time and place. In the norm DIN EN ISO 14505-2 Equivalent temperature is defined as an integrated physical measure of the ambient thermal climate in the vehicle. This equivalent temperature may, for. B. serve as a comfort parameter in the inventive method. Furthermore, z. B is the global thermal comfort index according to the DIN EN ISO 7730 serve as a comfort parameter in the method according to the invention.

Alternatively or in particular, the consumer is an electric drive of the vehicle. It is in this case a so-called electric vehicle. In this case, the electric drive as a consumer competes with other consumers in the vehicle, such as comfort consumers such as the air conditioning device. The parameter, which is assigned to the electric drive as a consumer, is, for example, the power of this drive and / or a maximum speed of the vehicle. In this case, the user can more advantageously balance between the energy consumption state of a comfort consumer and the energy consumption state of the electric drive for moving the vehicle. A higher level Comfort in this case usually means a lower range for the electric drive of the vehicle. On the other hand, if the power of the electric drive or the maximum speed of the vehicle is limited, the parameter for a comfort consumer can be set to provide a higher level of comfort. In addition, since in the method according to the invention the respective temporal development of the parameter of the respective consumer can be determined, it is possible to determine for different driving sections whether a higher degree of comfort is desired or a higher degree of power for the drive for locomotion of the vehicle ,

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the alternatives for the temporal development of the parameter are output. A user input for selecting one of the alternatives is then detected. In this way, the user can specify the temporal development of the parameter of the consumer in a particularly comfortable way.

The length of the defined time interval can be selected in particular as a function of a destination of a navigation system. For example, the defined time interval is then the anticipated duration until reaching a destination stored in the navigation system. In this case, by selecting the target energy consumption state of the consumer, it can be ensured that the destination of the navigation system is reached. Advantageously, furthermore, for the entire duration until reaching the destination, the time evolution of the parameter of the consumer, i. For example, the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, be set. There is thus no risk of the user, at the end of the journey, driving the consumer, e.g. the air conditioning device, off, so that the destination can still be achieved. This would be detrimental, since possibly at the end of the ride it could lead to undesirable temperatures in the passenger compartment.

The user input may be a direct selection of the user at an input device of the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, however, the user input can also be the activation of a user profile. In this case, the alternative can be selected automatically based on the activated user profile. Several user-specific energy consumption states and associated temporal developments of the parameter can be stored in the user profile. The defined time interval can also be stored user-specifically in the user profile, in particular for the case that the time interval does not result from a destination of the navigation system. Through these measures it is achieved that the settings can be made particularly comfortable for the user, but at the same time also very individually.

If it has been determined that the predicted remaining range is insufficient to achieve the goal of the navigation system, proposals for desired energy consumption states for a plurality of consumers are output in an embodiment of the method according to the invention. In particular, these consumers comprise at least one comfort consumer and the power of the drive of the vehicle. In this way, on the one hand, the user can ensure that the navigation target is achieved, but on the other hand, he can also make a trade-off between the performance of a comfort consumer and the power for propelling the vehicle.

The energy management system according to the invention is characterized by an input unit, with which a first user input can be detected, which defines a target energy consumption state, which differs from the current actual energy consumption state. Further, with the input unit, a second user input can be detected, with which the temporal evolution of a parameter associated with the consumer is set for the target energy consumption state, wherein a plurality of alternatives is selected which consume the same amount of energy on average in a defined time interval. Furthermore, the energy management system according to the invention is characterized by a control unit for controlling or regulating the consumer in accordance with the fixed temporal evolution of the parameter.

The energy management system according to the invention is in particular designed to carry out the energy management method specified above. It therefore also has the same advantages as this method.

According to one embodiment of the energy management system according to the invention, the consumer is an air conditioning device of the vehicle. The parameter in this case is in particular the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the consumer is an electric drive of the vehicle.

In this case, the parameter is the power of the drive and / or a maximum speed of the vehicle.

According to a further embodiment of the energy management system according to the invention, this comprises a person recognition device, with which the identity of one on a Vehicle seat sitting person is detectable. In this case, the arithmetic unit is designed to activate a user profile of a person detected by the personal recognition device, wherein a preferred desired energy consumption state and / or a plurality of user-specific energy consumption states and / or associated temporal developments of the parameter of the consumer can be stored in the user profile. The person recognition device can be used to activate a user profile of a person sitting on a vehicle seat in a particularly simple manner.

The invention will now be explained with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

1 shows schematically the structure of an embodiment of the energy management system according to the present invention,

2 FIG. 11 shows a display for a user input generated by an embodiment of the energy management method according to the present invention; FIG.

3 Fig. 12 shows another display for a user input generated by an embodiment of the energy management method according to the present invention;

4 shows the temporal evolution of temperature in a first energy consumption state and

5 shows the time evolution of the temperature at a second energy consumption state.

In reference to 1 becomes the basic structure of the energy management system 1 explains:
The energy management system 1 is part of an electric vehicle 2 , which as electric drive 3 having an electric motor. This electric motor 3 is optionally via a gearbox with the drive shaft 4 of the electric vehicle 2 coupled, which in turn the wheels 5 of the electric vehicle 2 drives. The electric motor 3 is using electrical energy from a rechargeable battery 6 energized. The state of charge of the battery 6 can do this by a sensor 7 be recorded.

The control of the electric motor 3 via a central control unit 8th to which also data about the current of the battery 6 stored energy amount to be transferred. The control unit 8th is further provided with a display device 9 coupled, for example, in the instrument cluster of the electric vehicle 2 can be integrated or can be housed in the center console. By means of the display device 9 Data can be displayed, among other things, for the distribution of the battery 6 stored energy are relevant.

Furthermore, the control unit 8th with an input unit 10 coupled via which the driver can make user input. The input unit 10 may be a rotary-push-button for controlling a cursor on the display device 9 include. At the input unit 10 however, it may also be a touch-sensitive surface on the display device 9 act.

Furthermore, the control unit 8th with a person recognition device 11 coupled, which in the seats 12 of the electric vehicle 2 is arranged. By means of the person recognition device 11 In a manner known per se, the identity of a person can be recorded which is in the respective seat 12 sitting. These data are then received by the person recognition device 11 to the control unit 8th transfer.

In an electric vehicle 2 represents the electric drive 3 the main consumer of electrical energy, which is in the battery 6 is stored. The electric vehicle 2 but still has several more consumers 13-1 . 13-2 ... 13 m . 13-n on. These other consumers are also summarized with 13 designated. Also these consumers 13 are with the battery 6 They are also connected by the battery 6 energized. At the consumers 13 In particular, two groups should be distinguished. On the one hand, consumers include 13 those responsible for the operation of the electric vehicle 2 necessary. This group of consumers 13 includes, among other things, the lights of the vehicle, the control unit 8th and other control units, for example for stability systems and the like. The other group of consumers 13 concerns so-called comfort devices of the electric vehicle 2 , They are responsible for the operation of the electric vehicle 2 not necessarily required. However, they increase the comfort for the vehicle occupants. To these consumers 13 include eg an air conditioning device 13-1 , electric windows and the like, and driver assistance systems.

By the energy consumption of consumers 13 can the range of the electric vehicle 2 change significantly. The from the consumers 13 Consumed energy stands for the drive of the electric vehicle 2 through the electric motor 3 no longer available. Especially in winter, when the air conditioning device 13-1 of the electric vehicle 2 consumes a lot of electrical energy, the range of the electric vehicle can be 2 reduce considerably. However, even in the summer, when the air conditioning 13-1 for cooling the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 used, the range can be significantly influenced. The energy management system is intended to communicate to the user the connection of reducing the range when using consumers, in particular energy-intensive thermal comfort consumers, as simply and intuitively as possible and to open up the possibility to the user by simple operating steps on the distribution of energy consumption in the electric vehicle 2 To influence.

For this purpose, the control unit comprises 8th an arithmetic unit 14 , By means of the arithmetic unit 14 can be a projected residual range of the electric vehicle 2 be calculated. The calculation of such a residual range is known per se. In the calculation can not only those in the battery 6 stored energy amount are taken into account, but also data on a route to be traveled or weather forecasts. To receive this data is the control unit 8th with a navigation system 15 of the electric vehicle 2 coupled, which is the control unit 8th also data on a navigation destination that provides the route to be traveled to this navigation destination and the predicted time to reach this destination.

The arithmetic unit 14 may also have a predicted change in the remaining range depending on different energy consumption conditions of the consumers 13 to calculate.

Further details on the design of the control unit 8th and the coupling of this control unit 8th with the other facilities of the electric vehicle 2 will now be described with reference to the description of an embodiment of the energy management method according to the invention with reference to the 2 to 5 explains:

To explain the embodiment of the energy management method according to the invention, the following situation is considered as an example:

The user has in the navigation system 15 entered a navigation destination. The navigation system 15 has a route from the current position of the electric vehicle 2 calculated to the navigation destination. These data are also the control unit 8th made available. The electric vehicle 2 Now drives the route, powered by the electric motor 3 , At the same time is as an electrical consumer, the air conditioning 13-1 active.

At the air conditioning device 13-1 the user has set a specific power consumption state. For example, it has the choice between the following energy consumption states: cold - cool - optimal - warm - very warm. In the method according to the invention, these energy consumption states do not designate - as usual - a specific desired temperature in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 but a certain average energy consumption of the air conditioning device 13-1 , Thus, it is not set a temperature in the passenger compartment, but a power consumption of the air conditioning device 13-1 , This energy consumption may then be provided by the air conditioning device 13-1 in a warming or cooling of the passenger compartment of the 7 electric vehicle 2 be implemented.

However, since each power consumption state of the air conditioning device 13-1 has a certain different average energy consumption, can from the arithmetic unit 14 very reliable the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit 13-1 in a reduced range of the electric vehicle 2 be converted.

In the energy management process is now the energy supply, which in the battery 6 is stored, by means of the sensor 7 captured and sent to the control unit 8th transfer. Further, the control unit controls 8th the consumers 13 with certain energy consumption conditions. From the energy consumption conditions of consumers 13 , the power consumption of the electric motor 3 and the energy supply in the battery 6 calculates the arithmetic unit 14 a predicted remaining range of the electric vehicle 2 , This residual range can the driver by means of the display device 9 are displayed.

Furthermore, the control unit compares 8th the predicted remaining range with the distance from the target in the navigation system 15 is stored. If it is determined from this comparison that there is a risk that this target can no longer be achieved, for example because the residual range has fallen below the distance from the target or is only above a certain threshold, this becomes the driver of the electric vehicle 2 communicated. For example, a modified display of the display device 9 played.

Along with the warning that the remaining range is probably no longer sufficient to reach the destination, gives the control unit 8th on the display device 9 a suggestion, such as the settings for the air conditioning 13-1 and the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 2 could be changed to increase the projected remaining range, so that in the navigation system 15 stored destination can be achieved safely. For example, it may be proposed to set the maximum speed 93 km / h limit and for the air conditioning unit 13-1 to select the energy consumption status "cool". If the user by means of the input unit 10 accepted this proposal, the air conditioning 13-1 and the electric motor 3 controlled according to these newly set values.

On the other hand, if the user does not accept this suggestion, he will be notified by the display device 9 and the input unit 10 given the opportunity, for example, the settings for the air conditioning device 13-1 and the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 2 to do it yourself. For this purpose, the in 2 Display rendered:
In this situation was by the control unit 8th For example, it determines that 8th km remaining distance to reach the destination safely. There are now two scales 16 and 17 each with a marker 18 and 19 displayed. The upper scale 16 relates to the comfort setting for the temperature in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 , which by means of the air conditioning device 13-1 is regulated. At the scale 16 become the above-mentioned five power consumption states of the air conditioning device 13-1 displayed. At the same time, the predicted for these energy consumption conditions

Change in remaining range displayed. This predicted change in the remaining range was calculated by the arithmetic unit 14 calculated.

The user can now use the input unit 10 the mark 18 on the scale 16 move, leaving the mark 18 can also be placed at intermediate states to the above-mentioned energy consumption conditions. In fact, the air conditioning unit has 13-1 Thus, a much larger number of energy consumption states, as well as intermediate states are defined to the above-mentioned main energy consumption states. However, all energy consumption states are distinguished by the fact that in each state the energy consumption per time interval is constant.

Within the mark 18 is the predicted change in the residual range depending on the position of the label 18 , that is, depending on the power consumption state of the air conditioning device 13-1 , displayed. At the in 2 As shown, it can be seen that an energy consumption state in which a temperature slightly lower than the temperature considered optimal is set, increases the range of 3 km would correspond if the energy consumption state is currently set to "optimal".

On the scale 17 is a possible limitation of the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 2 applied. Based on a maximum speed of 100 km / h, the predicted change in the remaining range is displayed as a function of the maximum speeds 80 km / h, 90 km / h, 110 km / h and 120 km / h. Also in this case, by means of the input unit 10 the mark 19 continuously on the scale 17 be moved. At the same time, that of the arithmetic unit 14 calculated and predicted change in the remaining range displayed. In the in 2 Thus, limiting the maximum speed to 90 km / h would result in a range gain of 8 km.

The user can now use the markers 18 and 19 Adjust the comfort settings and the maximum speed to increase the remaining range so that the stored target can be safely reached. The drive 3 and the air conditioning device 13-1 be from the control unit 8th then controlled accordingly or regulated.

In 3 an alternative for a setting option of the user is shown. According to the desired range, ie, for example, the range required to reach a destination, the user is given a scale 20 and a marker 21 indicating the balance between energy consumption due to comfort settings and energy consumption due to increased power of the electric motor 3 visualized. If the user by means of the input unit 10 the mark 21 to the right, ie in the direction of increased power of the electric motor 3 , shifts, become the comfort consumers 13 , such as the air conditioning device 13-1 , so driven that they use less energy. At the same time, the power of the electric motor 3 more energy provided to achieve the desired range. If the user's mark 21 to the left on the scale 20 shifts, become the comfort consumers 13 so energized that more energy of the battery 6 for the comfort consumers 13 is available. In this case, however, is the electric motor 3 less power available or the maximum speed of the electric vehicle 2 is limited so that the desired range can continue to be realized.

Furthermore, the user is shown how the power settings for the electric motor 3 and the settings for the comfort consumers 13 are. In the in 3 the case shown is due to the positioning of the marker 21 made setting for the maximum speed and the setting for the air conditioning device 13-1 shown. The maximum speed is in this Case 100 km / h and the energy consumption condition of the air conditioning device 13-1 is between cool and cold.

If in the navigation system 15 If no specific destination is stored, the projected remaining range of the electric vehicle is continuously 2 by means of the arithmetic unit 14 calculated and displayed on the display 9 displayed. At the same time can be a list of consumers 13 being represented. Assigned to this representation is displayed by how much the remaining range of the electric vehicle 2 through the operation of the respective consumer 13 reduced in the current power consumption state. Furthermore, it can be displayed as the predicted change in the remaining range depending on the different energy consumption conditions of the consumers 13 is. This predicted change in the remaining range is also calculated by the arithmetic unit 14 calculated. Also in this case, the user can use the input unit 10 an energy consumption state of a consumer 13 change. He can thus set a target energy consumption state, which is the current actual energy consumption state of this consumer 13 different.

If such a change in the energy consumption state of a consumer 13 In the case of the energy management method according to the invention, the temporal development of a parameter, which is the consumer, is subsequently also recorded 13 is assigned for the target energy consumption state of the consumer 13 established. In this case, a choice is made between a plurality of alternatives which, on average, consume the same amount of energy over a defined time interval.

This further determination of the temporal development of the parameter will be described below with reference to the example of the air conditioning device 13-1 explained. The parameter of the air conditioning unit 13-1 is in this case the temperature in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 , the energy consumption states are the above-mentioned states "cold - cool - optimal - warm - very warm". The defined time interval in this case is the predicted time until reaching the in the navigation system 15 stored destination.

In 4 For example, the time evolution from the present time t1 to the time t2 at which the target is expected to be reached is shown for the parameter "temperature" for the power consumption state "cool". Three different curves, A1, B1, C1, are shown for the temporal evolution of the temperature. These different temporal developments A1, B1, C1 are characterized by the fact that they consume the same energy between the times t1 and t2 in order to reach the temperatures indicated by the curves. The energy consumption of the air conditioning device 13-1 is thus always the same. Thus, the reduction of the remaining range to reach this energy consumption state E1 is the same.

In the development of time A1, the temperature is regulated relatively quickly up to the temperature T3. There it remains constant until time t2. In the development of time B1, the temperature increases more slowly to a temperature between the temperatures T3 and T4 and then remains substantially constant there. In the development of time C1, the temperature rises even slower than in the time trends A1 and B1. However, the temperature increases substantially continuously to a value between the temperatures T4 and T5. In the development of time A1, it is thus relatively quickly warmer in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 , In the end, however, only the temperature T3 is reached. In the development of time B1, the increase is slower and a slightly higher end temperature is reached. With the time evolution C1, the highest final temperature is reached; however, the increase is even slower.

Now, when the power consumption state E1 of the air conditioning device 13-1 has been set as the target energy consumption state, it is further determined which of the temporal developments A1, B1 or C1 for the time evolution of the temperature T until reaching the destination at the presumable time t2 is to be controlled. For example, the user can use the input unit 10 select the time evolution B1. The control unit then becomes the air conditioning unit 13-1 according to the development over time B1.

In 5 are for the energy consumption state "warm", E2, different temporal developments A2, B2 and C2 for the temperature T in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle 2 played. The temporal developments A2 and B2 are similar to the temporal developments A1 and B1, as described in 4 for the energy consumption state "cool", E1. In the temporal evolution C2, however, a slow rise of the temperature is controlled up to a temperature above the temperature T5. However, until reaching the time t2, this maximum temperature drops again to the temperature T2.

The in the 4 and 5 shown temporal developments are only examples. Other curves can be realized as long as they consume the same amount of energy in the defined time interval. Besides, it can also be used by other consumers 13 corresponding parameters and be defined as temporal developments. For example, the consumer can also use the electric drive 3 ie the electric motor 3 of the electric vehicle 2 be. The parameter in this case can be the maximum speed of the vehicle 2 or the power of the drive 3 be. If in the navigation system 15 If no specific destination is stored, the defined time interval until the time t2 is reached can also be selected individually by the user via the input unit 10 be entered.

In addition to the manual user input of the target energy consumption state for one or more consumers 13 and manual definition of the temporal evolution of the parameter of the consumer 13 , whose energy consumption state has been changed, there is another alternative, described below, to make these settings and definitions:
By means of the person recognition device 11 the identity of the person is recognized, which is in the driver's seat 12 sitting. In a memory of the control unit 8th is stored for this person an individual user profile. This user profile contains individual assignments to the energy consumption conditions of the air conditioning device 13-1 , It is thus stored individually, which the respective user perceives as optimal or as cold, cool, warm and very warm. The of the arithmetic unit 14 determined forecasts for the range changes of the corresponding energy consumption conditions thus depend in this case on the individual user profile of the driver of the electric vehicle 2 from. Further, user preferences may be for the preferred energy consumption conditions of different consumers 13 be stored individually in the user profile. Additionally, preferences may be stored in the user profile for more comfort or more power. Furthermore, in the user profile is a prioritization to the different temporal developments of a parameter of a consumer 13 or to the parameters of several consumers 13 saved. Furthermore, the defined time interval which is used if no destination in the navigation system can also be used 15 is stored in the user profile.

The user input in this case is the activation of a specific user profile. Depending on this user profile, a target energy consumption state is then automatically determined. Furthermore, the temporal evolution of the parameter for the consumer will also be considered 13 for which this temporal evolution is stored in the user profile. However, it is also possible that the user overrides the user profile and manually sets a target energy consumption state and a corresponding temporal development of the parameter.

In another embodiment, the parameter is a thermal comfort parameter, such. B. the equivalent temperature according to the Standard DIN EN ISO 14505-2 or the global thermal comfort index according to the DIN EN ISO 7730 , In this case, this comfort parameter instead of the temperature as related to the 4 and 5 regulated as a function of the energy consumption state. This results in different temporal developments for this thermal comfort parameter.

The thermal comfort parameter is z. B. not only influenced by the interior temperature but also by thermal heat radiators, thermal contact surfaces such. As a seat heating or contact surfaces for other body parts, the ventilation and thermal currents in the vehicle interior.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Energy Management System

2

 electric vehicle

3

 electric drive / electric motor

4

 drive shaft

5

 bikes

6

 Battery; energy storage

7

 sensor

8th

 control unit

9

 display device

10

 input unit

11

 Personal identification device

12

 seats

13

 consumer

14

 computer unit

15

 navigation system

16

 scale

17

 scale

18

 mark

19

 mark

20

 scale

21

 mark

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009052853 A1 [0003]
• DE 102010028356 A1 [0004]
• US 2012/0191279 A1 [0005]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN ISO 14505-2 [0014]
• DIN EN ISO 7730 [0014]
• Standard DIN EN ISO 14505-2 [0065]
• DIN EN ISO 7730 [0065]

Claims (15)

Energy management procedure for a vehicle ( 2 ), which stores an energy store ( 6 ) and at least one consumer ( 13 . 3 ), in which - the energy store in the energy store ( 6 ) and a predicted remaining range of the vehicle ( 2 ), - a predicted change in the residual range depending on different energy consumption conditions of the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) is calculated and output, characterized in that - a user input is determined which determines a target energy consumption state that differs from the current actual energy consumption state, and - the temporal evolution of a parameter which the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) is assigned to the nominal energy consumption state of the consumer ( 13 . 3 ), selecting between several alternatives which, on average, consume the same amount of energy in a defined time interval, and - the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) is controlled in accordance with the defined temporal development of the parameter. Energy management method according to claim 1, characterized in that the consumer ( 13 ) an air conditioning device ( 13-1 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ) and the parameter the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle ( 2 ). Energy management method according to claim 1, characterized in that the consumer ( 13 ) an air conditioning device ( 13-1 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ) and the parameter is a thermal comfort parameter for a vehicle occupant. Energy management method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the consumer ( 3 ) an electric drive ( 3 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ) and the parameter the power of the drive ( 3 ) and / or a maximum speed of the vehicle ( 2 ). Energy management method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alternatives for the temporal development are output and a user input for selecting one of the alternatives is detected. Energy management method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the defined time interval in dependence on a target of a navigation system ( 15 ) is selected. Energy management method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the user input is the activation of a user profile and the alternative is automatically selected based on the activated user profile. Energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of user-specific energy consumption states and associated temporal developments of the parameter are stored in a user profile. Energy management method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, if it has been determined that the remaining range is not sufficient to the target of the navigation system ( 15 ), proposals for target energy consumption conditions of a consumer ( 13 . 3 ). Energy management method according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, if it has been determined that the predicted residual range is not sufficient to the target of the navigation system ( 15 ), proposals for target energy consumption conditions for several consumers ( 13 . 3 ), the multiple consumers ( 13 . 3 ) a comfort consumer and the power of the drive ( 3 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ). Energy management method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the alternatives for the temporal evolution comprises a rapid change of the parameter and then substantially no change of the parameter and another of the alternatives for the temporal evolution comprises a uniform change of the parameter. Energy management system for a vehicle ( 2 ) with a sensor ( 7 ) for detecting the energy supply in an energy store ( 6 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ), - a computing unit ( 14 ) for calculating a projected residual range of the vehicle ( 2 ) and for calculating a predicted change in the residual range as a function of different energy consumption states of at least one consumer ( 13 . 3 ), - an output unit for outputting at least the predicted change of the remaining range, characterized by - an input unit ( 10 ), with which a first user input can be detected, which determines a target energy consumption state, which differs from the current actual energy consumption state, and a second user input is detectable, with which the temporal evolution of a parameter which the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) is assigned for setting the desired energy consumption state, selecting between several alternatives which on average use the same amount of energy in a defined time interval, and 8th ) for controlling or regulating the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) according to the fixed temporal evolution of the parameter. Energy management system according to claim 11, characterized in that the consumer ( 13 ) an air conditioning device ( 13-1 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ) and the parameter is the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Energy management system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the consumer ( 3 ) an electric drive ( 3 ) of the vehicle ( 2 ) and the parameter the power of the drive ( 3 ) and / or a maximum speed of the vehicle ( 2 ). Energy management system according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the energy management system has a person recognition device ( 11 ), with which the identity of a person sitting on a vehicle seat can be detected, and the arithmetic unit ( 14 ), a user profile of one of the person recognition device ( 11 ), wherein in the user profile a preferred desired energy consumption state and / or a plurality of user-specific energy consumption states and / or associated temporal developments of the parameter of the consumer ( 13 . 3 ) are stored.

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