DE102014117169B4 - Pile for hydraulic engineering and method for rehabilitation of piles - Google Patents

Abstract

Post for hydraulic engineering systems, characterized in that a stump (7) and a pin (6), which has a smaller diameter than the stump (7) are fixedly connected to each other, and the pin (6) with a tube (2) sheathed is, which in turn is firmly connected to the stump (7).

Description

The invention relates to a pile for hydraulic structures and a method for repairing and rehabilitating piles, groynes, bollards and dolphins, in particular of wood, in hydraulic structures, such as port facilities and marine technology coastal protection.

So far, mostly piles made of native conifers were used for hydraulic engineering. The piles are increasingly infested by the sprawling borehole worm "Teredo Navalis" or are mostly badly decomposed in the head as they grow older. In the causal connection is to assume a fungal infection. The fungal spores need oxygen and moisture to develop. Therefore, the wood of the piles below the waterline is not affected and thus healthy. The Teredo Navalis infestation also takes place in the area of the water pass.

Further wear processes are caused by mechanical stresses, e.g. caused by lateral pressure from sliding ice and lateral impacts by ships and waves and by plant or animal growth.

The most common method of repairing the piles has been their renewal by pulling the old and driving in new piles. This requires a high technical effort through suitable equipment that can pull and ram piles, a high cost of materials and a partial major disruption of nature in the adjacent environment.

In the revelation US 5337469 A is a method for repairing poles, for example, published by telephone poles. Here, a damaged part of a mast is replaced by a post, by first sawing through the mast in the upper area. The lower area is replaced by a new post. The connection from the new post to the upper part of the old mast is made via a bush, which covers the upper part of the mast. About bottle, the socket is attached to the new post.

In the patent publications DE 102005031044 A1 and DE 437247 A describes processes for repairing and refurbishing wooden piles, groynes, bollards and dolphins in hydraulic structures. For this purpose, at the top of the rotted part of a rammed into the riverbed pile is removed. A tube, which acts as a coupling sleeve and consists of environmentally friendly materials with properties such as recyclability, salt water resistance, strength, flexibility, weathering resistance and fouling resistance, is slipped over the remaining pile. In the upper end of this tube, a spare wood pile is driven. The connection of the pipe with the two wooden pile parts is done by bolts.

The disadvantage here is that the renewed wooden part of the pile is in turn exposed to weather-related weathering processes. In addition, the connection of the pipe to the new part of the pile by bolts creates a possibility of entry of water from the outside water-air area to the wood. This in turn increases the risk of pile rotting at these sites.

Other methods, as in CA 1186464 A1 and KR 102005109181 A or US 4066848 A discloses laying a jacket, for example in the form of a tube, around the part of the post to be restored. The result is a closed, annular space between the pile and the mantle, in which an epoxy resin composition or concrete can be injected.

The disadvantage of this method arises from the use of the epoxy resin composition in the water. The advantages of low cure shrinkage, high strength, hardness, and abrasion resistance are offset by the disadvantages of high cost and poor properties during processing. Epoxy resin is toxic and harmful to the environment. In addition, it can only be processed at temperatures above 10 ° C.

In CH 675000 A5 the dilapidated part of a submerged support post is replaced, the top of the post being cut off by a sliding blade. The free space is filled with concrete and the device for holding the structure to be supported is removed after curing of the concrete.

Ice formation in winter and water level fluctuations create a pull on the pile. Concrete is pressure-resistant, but not tensile. This is counteracted by the use of reinforcing steel. However, the incorporated reinforcing bars may begin to rust and cause chemical reactions by the action of water and air.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a pile that can withstand environmental conditions longer and with which a method for the rehabilitation of piles in hydraulic structures is made possible.

The object is achieved by a pile, which consists of a stump and a, preferably composed with the stump fixedly connected pin. The pin can also be firmly inserted or attached in the stump. The pin has a smaller diameter than the stump. The pin is covered with a tube, which in turn is firmly connected to the stump. The length of the pipe extends from below a mean low water line to above a mean high water line.

The rigid connection between the tube and the stump is made by a connecting element, e.g. a rod, which is anchored longitudinally in the stump.

For one embodiment, a disc, a flat iron or the like is introduced below an upper tube end in the tube and transverse to the tube axis. The disc is firmly connected to the tube and provided in the center with a hole. Through the bore, the connecting element is pushed through and secured above the disc by means of a fastening element. The tube is tightly closed with a lid.

For a further embodiment, the connecting element projects beyond the upper end of the tube and is guided through a central bore in the lid. Above the lid, the connecting element is secured with the fastening element.

The stump and the pin are preferably made of wood or concrete. The tube is preferably made of materials that are salt water, temperature, weathering and UV resistant and have sufficient strength, such as steel or fiber reinforced plastics.

In the process of rehabilitation of piles for hydraulic engineering, the damaged part of the pile is removed and replaced with a pipe. According to the invention, the pile is brought to below a medium low-water line to a smaller diameter, so that a stump is formed with a pin. In the stump with pin center a hole is introduced. On the cones, the pipe is set, which extends in length from below the middle low water line to a mean flood line. The pin is adapted in its dimensions to the inner dimensions of the tube. About a fixed pipe in the tube fixed to the tube axis, a flat iron or the like, or via a, the tube final lid, a connecting element is inserted into the bore and fixed to the pipe.

For one embodiment, the interior of the tube is filled with concrete or other material to accommodate large axial loads. For drilling holes are provided in the disc, which allow filling with concrete. This is required, for example, in the case of bearing piles of a bridge system or other construction. As a result, the vertical load is removed not only over the end face of the tube, but also on the end face of the pile.

Advantage of the invention is to redevelop existing rotted wood posts by the inventive pile, but also to use new piles in the manner described. The new piles are designed to last at least 50 years, far beyond the life of conventional wooden piles.

Due to the firm connection between the pipe and the stump, the pile holds tensile and compressive loads, for example, ice in water level fluctuations or by sliding ice, lateral impacts by ships and waves, stood. In addition, the tube offers, with a use of steel or fiber-reinforced plastics, for example, because of its smaller and smoother wall surface compared to a wooden pile the ice less attack surface.

Furthermore, the use of weather-resistant materials, such as steel or fiber-reinforced plastics, for the pipe prolongs the life of the pile. In particular, with wooden posts a fungal attack of the remaining wood area of the pile is not possible because the connection area is under water. As a rule, the wood of the piles below the waterline is not affected and therefore healthy.

Embodiment of the invention

The invention will be explained with reference to a drawing.

In 1 the pile according to the invention for hydraulic engineering systems is shown. The post sits on its down to the bottom of the water directed end of a stump stump 7 and one centered on it and out of the stump stump 7 worked out and thus firmly connected pin 6 together. The stump stump 7 and the pin 6 have a circular cross-section. The pin 6 has a smaller diameter than the stub stump 7 , The stump stump 7 itself is usually below and the pin 6 partly above the middle low water line MNW arranged, with the pin 6 something about the mean water line MW can protrude. The pile may be an old wooden pile, the rotted part of which has been partly removed and the upper end of the pile stump 7 thereby having a reduced diameter, which here as a pin 6 referred to as. Likewise, a concrete stump stump is cast 7 with cones 6 as an embodiment possible.

The pin 6 is with a pipe 2 jacketed. The pipe 2 It is made of materials that are resistant to salt water, temperature, weathering and UV and that have sufficient strength, such as steel or fiber-reinforced plastics. The pipe 2 is longer than the pin 6 and towers over the middle flood line MHW out. In the longitudinal axis of the pin 6 and the stump stump 7 is in a central bore a connecting element 5 introduced in the form of a rod, which within the tube 2 until over the middle flood line MHW enough. The connecting element 5 ends either below the pipe end 21 or beyond this. The connecting element 5 is for example a threaded rod. In the pipe 2 , below the upper end of the pipe 21 , is transverse to the tube axis, a (holding) element, such as a disc 4 , a flat steel or similar stuck to the pipe 2 connected. The disc is with a central bore 4 provided by which the connecting element 5 pushed through and above the disc 4 by a fastener 3 Is secured, for example in the form of a mother or a splint. A lid 1 closes the pipe 2 and protects the inside of the tube 2 against external influences.

For the second, not shown embodiment, also the connecting element 5 through a hole in the lid 1 guided and above the lid 1 be attached.

By this arrangement, the pipe 2 firmly with the stump stump 7 connected. The part of the pipe 2 which is above the pin 6 can be filled, can be filled. As a result, large axial loads can be removed not only on the end face of the tube on the pile, but also on the end face of the pile.

Existing piles can be brought by renovation in the form described above. In addition, the rotten, damaged or infested by Teredo Navalis pile in the mid-water line MW removed, for example sawn off. With a cutter in the water, the rest of the pile is below the average low water line MNW machined to a smaller diameter of, for example, about 250mm, leaving the stump stump 7 with the pin 6 stay standing. In the stump stump 7 and the pin 6 a hole is made in the middle. The drilling depth and thus the depth of engagement of the connecting element 5 results from the static requirements of the pile to be rehabilitated. About the cone 6 becomes the pipe 2 slipped. The pipe 2 extends in length from below the middle low water line MNW until over the middle flood line MHW , causing the tube 2 usually the height of the previously removed pile has. It is also conceivable that the tube 2 shorter or longer. Through the hole 41 the one in the pipe 2 located disc 4 or through the hole in the lid 1 becomes the connecting element 5 introduced and bolted. This will make a tight connection of the pipe 2 with the pin 6 produced. When using the disc 4 Finally, the tube with the lid 1 closed, which is usually done by welding.

Since the foregoing method of pile remediation described in detail is an embodiment, it may be readily modified by one skilled in the art to a great extent without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the concrete embodiments of the method can also take place in a form other than that described here. Further, the use of the indefinite article "on" does not preclude that the features in question may also be duplicated.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cover

2

pipe

21

pipe end

3

fastener

4

disc

41

drilling

5

connecting member

6

spigot

7

dull

MW

Means waterline

MHW

middle flood line

MNW

medium low-water line

Claims (11)

Post for hydraulic engineering systems, characterized in that a stump (7) and a pin (6), which has a smaller diameter than the stump (7) are fixedly connected to each other, and the pin (6) with a tube (2) sheathed is, which in turn is firmly connected to the stump (7). Post to Claim 1 characterized in that the tube (2) extends in length from below a mean low water line (MNW) to above a mean high water line (MHW). Post to Claim 1 characterized in that the fixed connection between the tube (2) and stump (7) via a connecting element (5), which is anchored longitudinally in the stump. Post to Claim 3 characterized in that for the fixed connection in the tube (2) below an upper tube end (21) transversely to the tube axis a disc (4) is introduced, which is fixedly connected to the tube (2) and provided centrally with a bore (41) is, through which the connecting element (5) is pushed through and above the disc (4) by means of a fastening element (3) is secured. Post according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube (2) with a lid (1) is closed. Post to Claim 3 and 5 characterized in that for the fixed connection of the lid (1) is provided with a bore through which the connecting element (5) is pushed through and above the lid (1) is secured. Post according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stump (7) and the pin (6) made of wood or concrete. Post according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube (2) consists of materials which are salt water, temperature, weathering and UV-resistant and have sufficient strength. Post to Claim 8 characterized in that the tube (2) consists of steel or fiber-reinforced plastics. Process for the rehabilitation of piles for hydraulic structures, wherein the damaged part of the pile is removed and replaced by a pipe (2), characterized in that the pile is brought to a smaller diameter below a mean low water line (MNW), so that a stump (7) with a pin (6) is formed into which a bore is centrally introduced, - that on the pin (6) the tube (2) is set, which in its length from below the average low water line (MNW) extends to over a mean flood line (MHW), - that over a pipe (2) fixed transversely to the tube axis fixed disc (4) or a, the tube (2) final lid (1) a connecting element (5) inserted into the bore and is attached to the pipe (2). Method according to Claim 10 characterized in that the tube (2) is filled with concrete or another material.

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