DE102014006065A1 - Switching device for change gear - Google Patents

Abstract

A shift mechanism for a change speed transmission having at least one low forward speed, one high forward speed and one reverse speed comprises: a shift gate (7) having a select gate (12) and shift gates (1, 2) branching from the select gate (12) and associated with the gears of the transmission; , 3, 4, 5, 6, 13), a guide pin (10) which engages in the lanes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 13) of the shift gate (7), wherein the shift gate (7 ) and the guide pin (10) are movable relative to each other, a locking body (8) having a cutout (9) through which the guide pin (10) extends, wherein the locking body (8) relative to the shift gate (7) in the direction of Wählgasse ( 12) immovably and in the direction of the shift gates (1, 2) between a neutral position in which he a leading to the shift gate (13) of the reverse gear portion (15) of the selector gate (12) releases, and at least one blocking position in which he the section (15) blocked, is movable.

Description

The present invention relates to a shifting device with a reverse gear lock for gearboxes of motor vehicles.

Manual gearboxes usually comprise a so-called external circuit which comprises a two degrees of freedom pivotable, guided in a shift gate with shift and Wählgassen selector lever, an inner circuit with a movable in the direction of its longitudinal axis and rotatable about the longitudinal axis switching shaft and a coupling mechanism for Transmitting a movement of the shift selector lever to the shift shaft.

At the shift gate, a shift gate of the reverse gear is disposed adjacent to the shift gate of a forward gear, so that the shift gear lever can be accidentally introduced into the reverse gear instead of the shift gate of the forward gear.

Further, an erroneous adjustment of a coupling mechanism that connects the shift selector lever to the shift shaft may result in that the shift selector lever can be placed at the entrance of a shift gate, but then can not engage in it, because the shift shaft blocked, or even the shift shaft inserts a different gear than that corresponding to the shift gate selected by the driver.

EP 0 955 488 B1 describes a switching device for change gear with multiple forward gears and one reverse gear, wherein the switching device comprises a shift gate, which has a Wählgasse and branching off the Wählgasse, the gears of the gearbox associated shift gates, and a shift selector lever which engages the lanes of the shift gate. A locking catch for the reverse gear is formed by a solid projection, which obstructs the movement of the shift selector lever in the shift gate of the reverse gear and allows engagement of the reverse gear only with elastic deformation of a shift linkage or a cable which describes the switching device described in the document Change gearbox connects.

The prerequisite for such elastic deformation is that a coupled via the shift linkage or the cable to the shift selector lever element in the change gear in its mobility is limited so that it can not follow the movement of the shift selector lever exactly. The elastic tension of such an element further increases the likelihood that, if the shift linkage or cable is not precisely adjusted, the element blocks a desired by the driver movement of the shift selector lever or even performs a different switching movement than that desired by the driver.

An object of the invention is to provide a switching device for a change gear with a reverse lock, are avoided in the complex adjustment of the reverse lock or the switching device and reliably has a high shift quality with low switching forces.

The object is achieved according to an embodiment of the invention by a switching device for a change gear with at least one low forward gear, a high forward gear and one reverse gear, wherein the switching device comprises a shift gate, which has a selector gate and branching off from the selector gate, the gears of the gearbox associated shift gates a guide pin which engages in the lanes of the shift gate, wherein the shift gate and the guide pin are movable against each other, and a locking body having a cutout through which the shift lever extends, wherein the locking body is movable relative to the shift gate in the direction of the shift gates between a neutral position in which it releases a section of the selector gate leading to the reverse gear shift gate and at least one blocking position in which it blocks the section.

A first portion of the cut-out of the lock body overlapping with the low-forward shift gate may face toward the selector gate a channel which in the neutral position overlaps with the portion leading to the shift gate of the reverse gear. If the guide pin engages in this section and at the same time in the selector gate of the shift gate, then this first area is located at the location of the selector gate, and for the guide pin, the way through the selector gate is free to their leading to the shift gate of the reverse gear section.

The extension of the first area in the direction of the shift gate of the low forward gear should be smaller than the length of the shift gate. As a result, the lock body is displaced from the neutral position when the low forward gear is engaged, but returns to it when the guide pin is moved back into the selector gate from the shift gate corresponding to the low gear. Thus, an unhindered switching from the low forward gear into reverse is possible.

The first portion of the cutout may be bounded by flanks that diverge toward the channel. This divergence has the consequence that when the guide pin from one to the shift gate the reverse gear adjacent shift gate of a high forward speed is moved into the selection gate, the channel does not yet overlap with the leading to the reverse gear portion of the selection gate. So accidental switching from the high forward gear into reverse is excluded. On the other hand, it is possible to put the locking body in the neutral position alone by a shift of the shift lever to the remote from the shift gate of the reverse gear end of the selector gate and thus to enable the engagement of the reverse gear.

A second area of the cutout may overlap with the high forward gear shift gate. A measured in the direction of the shift gate supernatant of the second region over the first region should be smaller than the length of the shift gate to ensure a displacement of the locking body in the locked position when engaging the high forward speed.

In particular, the projection should be smaller by at least the width of the channel to ensure that when the shift lever is moved to the end of the high gear shift gate, the locking body is displaced far enough to obstruct the reverse gear portion of the shift gate.

On the other hand, the extension of the second area towards the shift gate should be greater than that of the first area to prevent displacement of the lock body to neutral by movement of the shift lever out of the shift gate of the high forward gear into the select gate.

The second region may be located between the first region and the channel.

The shift gate can have a plurality of parallel shift gates associated with high gears, and the slot can have overlapping second areas with these shift gates. When switching to a high gear, the locking body is brought into the blocking position, closes the access to the reverse gear and remains there until it is switched to a low gear or at least into a region leading to a low gear Wählgasse.

The cutout can have two rectilinear edge sections which delimit the second areas in the direction of the shift gates.

The locking body may be slidably mounted on the shift gate.

The switching device may be attached to an external circuit. In this case, the guide pin is suitably the shift selector lever itself or a projection fixedly connected thereto, and the shift device is effective to prevent inadvertent displacement of the shift selector lever in the shift gate of the reverse gear instead of an adjacent shift gate of a forward gear.

Even more useful is the switching device, if it is mounted directly on the change gear, d. H. when the shift gate, the locking body and the guide pin parts of an inner circuit, since then an inaccurate coupling between the inner and outer circuit, such as via an inner and outer circuit connecting cable, can not cause inadvertently the reverse gear is engaged.

If a shift shaft is axially movable and mounted rotatably about its axis in a fixed to a housing of the transmission gear holder, then one of the shift gate and guide pin on the holder and the other on the shift shaft to be fixed according to the course of alleys the shift gate to achieve guided movement of the shift shaft.

The switching shaft may carry a switching head, which is adjustable by the axial movement of the switching shaft between coupling to different shift sleeves of the transmission gear positions.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

1 an axial section through an inner circuit;

2 a radial section through the inner circuit;

3 a plan view of a shift gate of the inner circuit;

4 a plan view of a locking body of the inner circuit;

5 a plan view of the overlapping arranged with the shift gate in the neutral position locking body;

6 a plan view of the locking body in a locked position with engaged sixth gear;

7 a plan view of the locking body in a locked position after leaving the 6th gear;

8th a switching device with a first modification of the blocking body; and

9 a switching device with a second modification of the locking body.

1 shows an axial section through an inner circuit of a transmission of a motor vehicle. The inner circuit comprises a switching shaft in a manner known per se 30 pointing in the direction of its longitudinal axis 31 displaceable and around the longitudinal axis 31 is rotatably mounted. In the embodiment shown here, the switching shaft comprises 30 a massive shaft 46 and a tube around the shaft attached sleeve 47 , The sleeve 47 carries two switching heads 32 . 33 one of which is in a claw shown in section 34 intervenes. The claw 34 is known per se and in the Fig. Not shown manner connected to a shift fork which engages a shift sleeve a Sperrsynchronisiereinrichtung of the transmission. A rotation of the switching shaft 30 around the axis drives a movement of the claw 34 across the cutting plane of the 1 on, by which the shift sleeve is moved between a neutral position and an engaged gear corresponding active position. A movement of the switching shaft 30 in the axial direction brings the switching head 32 or 33 engaged with another claw 35 ,

The movements of the selector shaft 30 are controlled by two levers 36 . 37 attached to a housing 38 the change gear are articulated and connected via a cable with the shift selector lever of an external circuit. Train on the rope 39 swings the lever 36 in the counterclockwise direction; one arm of the lever 36 which is in a circumferential groove 40 one on the end of the switching shaft 30 screwed cap 41 engages, then drives an axial upward movement of the shift shaft 30 at. An in Fig. Not shown, on the lever 37 attacking rope controls a rotation of the stem 30 ,

In one the sleeve 47 surrounding part of the housing 38 are two feather capsules or detents 42 let in, whose spring-loaded balls 43 against with the switching shaft 30 firmly connected contour sheets 44 . 45 to press. How out 1 easily recognizable, the right detent practices 42 together with the contour sheet 44 a restoring force in the axial direction of the shift shaft; the contour sheet 45 is shaped to produce a restoring torque.

An in 2 shown radial section through the inner circuit at the level of Detents 42 further shows a guide pin 10 , the case 38 anchored in one in the sleeve 47 cut-out shift gate 7 engages while a section 9 one on the sleeve 47 Slidably mounted in the circumferential direction locking body 8th interspersed.

3 shows a plan view of the shift gate 7 , The gearbox is here a 6-speed gearbox with reverse gear. Accordingly branches on the shift gate 7 one in the direction of the axis 31 oriented dialing lane 12 associated with the forward gears of the transmission, with the respective associated gear accordingly 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 designated shift gates and a shift gate 13 the reverse gear. The shift gate 13 is located next to the shift gate 6 of the 6th gear. The shift gate 13 Reverse gear may generally be at one end of the selector gate 12 be arranged next to one of the highest gears of the associated gearshift. This also applies to gearshifts with more or less than 6 gears. Also, in 2 , a section 14 the selection lane 12 that the shift lanes 1 and 2 of the 1st and 2nd Gangs connects and in which is currently the guide pin 10 located, and one to the shift gate 13 the reverse gear leading section 15 the selection lane 12 highlighted.

On both sides of the shift gate 7 are on the sleeve 47 two in the direction of the shift lanes 1 - 6 elongated guide elements 18 arranged, which are provided to the locking body 8th against the shift shaft 30 around its axis 31 swiveling, but in the direction of the axis 31 immobile record. Here are the guide elements 18 Z-profiles, together with the sleeve two facing edges of the locking body 8th limit receiving grooves.

The in 4 Lock body shown 8th is designed here as a cylindrical sector-shaped plate whose cutout 9 a triangular opening with two flanks diverging downwards 22 and one outgoing from a lower edge of the triangular opening, according to the course of the Wählgassenabschnitts 15 and the shift gate 13 the reverse gear angled channel 21 includes.

5 shows a section of the sleeve 47 with the between the guide elements 18 held in a neutral position locking body 8th , The outline of the lock body 8th largely hidden shift gate 7 is shown in dashed lines.

The guide pin 10 is located in one area 20 of the clipping 9 at which from the canal 21 opposite tip, at the level of the shift gates 1 and 2 and the select lane section 14 , The width of this section 20 is essentially the same as that of the leader 10 so if the guide pin 10 in the shift gates 1 and 2 is moved, the lock body 8th the movement follows and then when the guide pin 10 the selector gate section 14 reached, the channel 21 with the selector gate section 15 and the shift gate 13 overlaps. Therefore, if the first or second gear has been designed and the guide pin 10 from the shift gate 1 or 2 Coming the dialing lane 12 has reached, can be switched freely in reverse.

One with the shift gates 3 . 4 overlapping area 23 and one with the shift gates 5 . 6 overlapping area 24 of the clipping 9 are wider than the area 20 so if the guide pin 10 in one of the shift lanes 3 - 6 is moved, the locking body follows this movement with significantly greater play than when moving in the shift lanes 1 . 2 , The area 24 stands in the direction of movement of the locking body 8th on both sides a supernatant d over the area 20 on. This projection d is smaller than the length of the shift gates 5 . 6 to ensure that when the guide pin is moved to the end of one of these shift gates, the lock body 8th is moved with.

If the supernatant d at least the width b of the channel 21 smaller than the length of the shift gate 5 respectively. 6 , then goes when inserting a high gear, z. B. the fifth gear, as in 6 shown, the overlap of the channel 21 with the selector gate section 15 lost. Will the guide pin 10 from the position shown in the shift gate 5 back to the selection lane 12 moved, about to switch to the sixth gear, then that remains the blocking body 8th unmoved and blocks the way to the shift gate 13 ; an accidental engagement of the reverse gear is excluded.

A targeted switch from a high forward gear in reverse still remains possible; For this it is sufficient that the guide pin 10 after reaching the dialing lane 12 once in their section 14 is moved. He comes from the in 6 shown configuration to one of the diverging edges 22 of the clipping 9 and moves the locking body sideways. If the section 14 is reached, then there is the guide pin 10 at the same time, as in 5 shown in the section 20 of the clipping 9 , and the channel 21 overlaps with the shift gate section 15 so the shift gate 13 the reverse gear is accessible.

Like also on the basis of 5 easy to understand, encounters when switching from fifth to sixth gear of the guide pin 10 after entering the shift gate 6 against the locking body 8th and begins to displace it, which, when the movement of the lock body is severely damped, may be felt by the driver as a discontinuity in the movement of the shift selector lever. Is the guide pin 10 however, in the narrower area 23 of the clipping 9 , z. If as in 7 shown the third gear is engaged, then encounters in laying out this gear, the guide pin 10 in the selection lane 12 against the flank 22 of the locking body 8th , A discontinuity at this point is not noticeable, since it is the one from the left detent 42 and the contour sheet 45 adjusted equilibrium position corresponds.

To this effect even when switching in the streets 5 . 6 to achieve, according to a modification, a locking body 8th of in 8th used type in which the triangular part of the cutout 9 is truncated laterally, and the width of the thus obtained pentagon n the length of one of the shift gates 1 - 6 plus the width of the selector gate 12 equivalent.

In an in 9 shown modification of the lock body 8th corresponds to the width of the section 9 at the height of the shift gates 1 - 4 the width of the selection lane 12 , and the diverging flanks 22 start only between the shift gates 1 . 2 and 3 . 4 , As in this embodiment, the guide pin 10 not to the end of Wählgasse 12 must be moved to the lock body 8th to center and the way to the shift gate 13 clearing is a faster transition into reverse, especially from the gears 3 and 4 out possible.

It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description and drawings, while indicating certain exemplary embodiments of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Various modifications of the described embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the following claims and their equivalence range. In particular, this description and the figures also show features of the embodiments which are not mentioned in the claims. Such features may also occur in combinations other than those specifically disclosed herein. Therefore, the fact that several such features are mentioned in the same sentence or in a different type of textual context does not justify the conclusion that they can occur only in the specific combination disclosed; instead, it is generally to be assumed that it is also possible to omit or modify individual ones of several such features, provided this does not call into question the functionality of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

shift gate

2

shift gate

3

shift gate

4

shift gate

5

shift gate

6

shift gate

7

shift gate

8th

blocking body

9

neckline

10

gear lever

12

selective path

13

shift gate

14

Wählgassenabschnitt

15

section

18

guide element

19

rail

20

first area

21

channel

22

flank

23

second area

24

second area

25

edge

30

shift shaft

31

axis

32

switch head

33

switch head

34

claw

35

claw

36

lever

37

lever

38

casing

39

rope

40

groove

41

cap

42

detent

43

Bullet

44

contour plate

45

contour plate

46

shaft

47

shell

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0955488 B1 [0005]

Claims (15)

Shifting device for a change gear with at least one low forward gear, one high forward gear and one reverse gear, the shift device comprising: a shift gate ( 7 ), which has a dialing lane ( 12 ) and from the Wählgasse ( 12 ) branching, the gears of the transmission associated shift gates ( 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 13 ), a guide pin ( 10 ), in the streets ( 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 13 ) the shift gate ( 7 ) engages, wherein the shift gate ( 7 ) and the guide pin ( 10 ) are movable against each other, a blocking body ( 8th ) with a cutout ( 9 ), through which the guide pin ( 10 ), wherein the blocking body ( 8th ) relative to the shift gate ( 7 ) in the direction of Wählgasse ( 12 ) immovable and in the direction of the shift gates ( 1 . 2 ) between a neutral position, in which he one to Schaltgasse ( 13 ) of the reverse gear leading section ( 15 ) of the selection lane ( 12 ) and at least one blocking position in which he (section) ( 15 ) is blocked, is movable. Switching device according to Claim 1, in which a first region ( 20 ) of the section ( 9 ) connected to the shift gate ( 1 ) overlaps the low forward gear, in the direction of Wählgasse ( 12 ) a channel ( 21 ), which in the neutral position with the to the shift gate ( 13 ) of the reverse gear leading section ( 15 ) overlaps. Switching device according to Claim 2, in which the extent of the first region ( 20 ) in the direction of the shift gate ( 1 ) of the low forward gear is less than the length of the shift gate ( 1 ). Switching device according to Claim 2 or 3, in which the first region ( 20 ) of flanks ( 22 ), which are in the direction of the channel ( 21 ) diverge. Switching device according to Claim 2, 3 or 4, in which a second region ( 24 ) of the section ( 9 ) with the shift gate ( 6 ) of the high forward gear and the extent of the second range ( 24 ) in the direction of the shift gate ( 6 ) is greater than that of the first area ( 20 ). Switching device according to Claim 5, in which supernatant (d) of the second region ( 24 ) over the first area ( 20 ) in the direction of the shift gate ( 6 ) smaller than the length of the shift gate ( 6 ). Switching device according to Claim 6, in which the projection (d) extends at least the width of the channel ( 21 ) is smaller than the length of the shift gate ( 6 ). Switching device according to Claim 5, 6 or 7, in which the second region ( 23 ) between the first area ( 20 ) and the channel ( 21 ) is arranged. Switching device according to one of Claims 5 to 8, in which the shifting gate ( 7 ) a plurality of parallel, high gears associated shift gates ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 ) and the section ( 9 ) with these shift gates ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 ) overlapping second areas ( 23 . 24 ) having. Switching device according to Claim 9, in which the cutout ( 9 ) two rectilinear flanks ( 22 ) comprising the second regions ( 23 . 24 ) in the direction of the shift gates ( 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 ) limit. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the blocking body ( 8th ) on the shift gate ( 7 ) is slidably mounted. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the shift gate ( 7 ), the blocking body ( 8th ) and the guide pin ( 10 ) Are parts of an internal circuit. Switching device according to Claim 12, in which a switching shaft ( 30 ) axially movable and about its axis ( 31 ) rotatable in a housing ( 38 ) of the gearbox fixed support is mounted and of Schaltkulisse ( 7 ) and guide pin ( 10 ) one on the bracket and the other on the shift shaft ( 30 ) is fixed. Switching device according to Claim 13, in which the switching shaft ( 30 ) a switching head ( 32 . 33 ), which by the axial movement of the switching shaft ( 30 ) between different sliding sleeves ( 34 . 35 ) of the gearbox coupling positions is adjustable. Switching device according to Claim 13 or 14, in which the switching shaft ( 30 ) via a cable ( 39 ) is coupled to an external circuit.

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