DE102014003016A1 - Shredder device and method - Google Patents
Shredder device and method Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014003016A1 DE102014003016A1 DE102014003016.4A DE102014003016A DE102014003016A1 DE 102014003016 A1 DE102014003016 A1 DE 102014003016A1 DE 102014003016 A DE102014003016 A DE 102014003016A DE 102014003016 A1 DE102014003016 A1 DE 102014003016A1
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- Prior art keywords
- air
- cleaning
- cleaning device
- exhaust air
- ionized
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D53/70—Organic halogen compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
- B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
- B01D2251/11—Air
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Shreddervorrichtung mit einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung (37) und insbesondere mit einer ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung zur Reinigung der Abluft der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung von Stäuben und Partikeln. Die Besonderheit besteht darin, dass stromabwärts der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung (37) eine zweite Reinigungsvorrichtung (39) vorgesehen ist, wobei die zweite Reinigungsvorrichtung (39) eine Ionisierungsvorrichtung (6, 7) zum ionisieren von einem zugeführten Fluid, insbesondere Luft (1), aufweist, und dass das ionisierte Fluid in einer Mischkammer (23) mit der Abluft (42) der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mischbar ist.The invention relates to a shredding device with a shredding device (37) and in particular with a first cleaning device for cleaning the exhaust air of the shredding device of dusts and particles. The special feature consists in that a second cleaning device (39) is provided downstream of the comminution device (37), the second cleaning device (39) having an ionization device (6, 7) for ionizing a supplied fluid, in particular air (1), and that the ionized fluid in a mixing chamber (23) is miscible with the exhaust air (42) of the comminution device.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst eine Shreddervorrichtung mit Luftreinigungsvorrichtung.The invention initially relates to a shredder device with air cleaning device.
Shreddervorrichtung soll im Sinne der Erfindung jede Vorrichtung sein, mittels welcher Gegenstände in kleine Teile zerlegt werden können. Die Zerkleinerung wird von einer Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung, wie z. B. mittels Mühlen, Hämmern, Walzen etc., erfolgen. Gegenstände können alle Materialien, insbesondere metallischer Schrott, sein.Shredder device should be within the meaning of the invention, any device by means of which objects can be broken down into small parts. The crushing is by a crushing device, such as. B. by means of mills, hammers, rollers, etc., take place. Articles can be all materials, in particular metallic scrap.
Die Zufuhr des zu zerkleinernden Gegenstands z. B. zu der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung erfolgt durch eine Förderanlage. Der zerkleinerte Schrott durchläuft stromabwärts der Mühle z. B. einen Windsichter. In der Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung und/oder in dem Windsichter werden leichte Anteile, wie Stäube und Partikel, aus dem Volumenstrom an Schrott mittels Gebläsen entfernt und einer ersten Reingigungsvorrichtung zugeführt, die z. B. Zyklonen, Venturi-Wäscher, Nassentstaubungsanlage umfassen kann.The supply of the item to be shredded z. B. to the crushing device is carried out by a conveyor system. The crushed scrap passes through downstream of the mill z. B. an air classifier. In the crushing device and / or in the air classifier, light fractions, such as dusts and particles, are removed from the volumetric flow of scrap by means of blowers and fed to a first cleaning device, which, for. As cyclones, Venturi scrubber, wet dedusting system may include.
Der übrige Teil des Volumenstroms an zerkleinertem Material wird z. B. einem Magnetabscheider zugeführt, in welchem magnetische Metalle abgetrennt werden. Übrig bleiben nicht oder gering magnetische Metalle und Nichtmetalle als Schwerfraktion.The remaining part of the volume flow of crushed material is z. B. fed to a magnetic separator in which magnetic metals are separated. Left over are not or low magnetic metals and nonmetals as heavy fraction.
Die in der ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung abgeschiedenen Partikel und Stäube werden als Leichtfraktion aufgefangen. Die aus der ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung austretende Abluft wurde im Stand der Technik an die Umwelt abgegeben.The particles and dusts deposited in the first cleaning device are collected as light fraction. The exiting from the first cleaning device exhaust air was discharged in the prior art to the environment.
Die zu zerkleinernden Gegenstände, insbesondere Schrott aus Fahrzeugen, enthalten Geruchsstoffe und Schadstoffe, wie Dioxine oder polychlorierte Biphenyle (PCB), deren Zusammensetzung sich – aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Zusammensetzung des zugeführten Materials – ständig ändert. Diese Schadstoffe sind z. B. in der Leichtfraktion enthalten, wenn sie sich an die Stäube oder Partikel angelagert haben. Zu einem erheblichen Teil sind die Schadstoffe aber auch in dem Rohgas enthalten, die an die Umwelt abgegeben wird.The objects to be shredded, in particular scrap metal from vehicles, contain odors and pollutants, such as dioxins or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the composition of which constantly changes due to the different composition of the material supplied. These pollutants are z. B. in the light fraction when they have attached to the dusts or particles. To a considerable extent, however, the pollutants are also contained in the raw gas that is released into the environment.
Es war Aufgabe der Erfindung den Schadstoffanteil in dem Rohgas zu reduzieren.It was an object of the invention to reduce the pollutant content in the raw gas.
Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst, indem das aus der ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung kommende Rohgas einer zweiten Reinigungsvorrichtung zugeführt wird.The object has been achieved by supplying the raw gas coming from the first cleaning device to a second cleaning device.
Die zweite Reinigungsvorrichtung umfasst eine Ionisiervorrichtung mittels welcher ein Fluid, z. B. Frischluft, ionisiert wird, d. h., es werden Ionen gebildet. In der zweiten Reinigungsvorrichtung wird der Volumenstrom an Rohgas mit dem ionisierten Fluid gemischt und dabei gereinigt, indem die Moleküle des Rohgases durch Mikrooxidation in einer Mischkammer zur Reaktion gebracht werden. D. h., Schadstoffe und Geruchsstoffe werden aufoxidiert, z. B. zu CO2 und H2O. Anschließend kann die aus dem Reaktionsraum austretende Luft Filtern, wie Aktivkohle-Filtern, zugeleitet werden. In den Filtern werden die nicht oxidierten Moleküle aufgenommen.The second cleaning device comprises an ionizing device by means of which a fluid, for. Fresh air, is ionized, d. h., ions are formed. In the second cleaning device, the volume flow of raw gas is mixed with the ionized fluid and thereby purified by reacting the molecules of the raw gas by micro-oxidation in a mixing chamber. D. h., Pollutants and odors are oxidized, z. To CO2 and H2O. Subsequently, the air leaving the reaction space can be fed to filters, such as activated carbon filters. The filters absorb the unoxidized molecules.
Der Reinigungsprozess der Filter findet z. B. nach Schichtende statt oder bei zwei parallel laufenden zweiten Reinigungsvorrichtungen im Wechselbetrieb. Im Reinigungsprozess wird ionisierte Luft durch die Filter geleitet, so dass die noch nicht oxidierten Schad- und Geruchsstoffe ebenfalls durch Ionisation gereinigt, d. h. aufoxidiert werden.The cleaning process of the filter finds z. B. after the end of the shift instead of or at two parallel second cleaning devices in alternating operation. In the cleaning process, ionized air is passed through the filters, so that the not yet oxidized pollutants and odors are also purified by ionization, d. H. be oxidized.
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besteht unter anderem darin, dass trotz unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzungen von Schadstoffen in der Rohluft der Shreddervorrichtung, der Schadstoffanteil, welcher an die Umwelt abgegeben wird, erheblich reduziert ist.The advantage of the device according to the invention is inter alia that, despite different compositions of pollutants in the raw air of the shredder device, the proportion of pollutants which is released to the environment, is considerably reduced.
Des weiteren war es Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit welchem der Schadstoffanteil der aus der Shreddervorrichtung austretenden Rohluft erheblich reduziert werden kann.It was another object of the invention to provide a method by which the pollutant content of the raw air emerging from the shredder device can be significantly reduced.
Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2.The object has been achieved by a method having the features of
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung eine Reinigungsvorrichtung mit einer Ionisierungsvorrichtung.Finally, the invention relates to a cleaning device with an ionization device.
Es war Aufgabe der Erfindung den Schadstoffgehalt der Rohluft einer Shreddervorrichtung zu vergrößern.It was an object of the invention to increase the pollutant content of the raw air of a shredder device.
Die Aufgabe wurde gelöst durch die Verwendung einer Reinigungsvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4. The object was achieved by the use of a cleaning device having the features of
Nachfolgend ist ein in den Fig. dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Die schematischen Fig. zeigen:In the following, an embodiment shown in the figures will be described. The schematic figures show:
Die Vorrichtung insgesamt ist in den Fig. mit dem Bezugszeichen
Die Zufuhr der zu zerkleinernden Gegenstände
Die in der ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung abgeschiedenen Partikel und Stäube werden als Leichtfraktion aufgefangen. Das aus der ersten Reinigungsvorrichtung austretende Rohgas
Die zweite Reinigungsvorrichtung
Der Reinigungsprozess der Filter
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014003016.4A DE102014003016A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Shredder device and method |
DE201420002230 DE202014002230U1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-14 | shredding device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014003016.4A DE102014003016A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Shredder device and method |
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DE102014003016A1 true DE102014003016A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
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DE102014003016.4A Ceased DE102014003016A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | Shredder device and method |
DE201420002230 Expired - Lifetime DE202014002230U1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-14 | shredding device |
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DE201420002230 Expired - Lifetime DE202014002230U1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-14 | shredding device |
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Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4415038A1 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-02 | Erb Recycling Zuerich Ag | Disposal of appliances with FCKW content |
DE19919623A1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2000-11-02 | T E M Tech Entwicklungen Und M | Process and assembly to physically condition air within enclosed spaces frequented by persons minimizes the probability of cross-infection |
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2014
- 2014-03-07 DE DE102014003016.4A patent/DE102014003016A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-03-14 DE DE201420002230 patent/DE202014002230U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4415038A1 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-02 | Erb Recycling Zuerich Ag | Disposal of appliances with FCKW content |
DE19919623A1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2000-11-02 | T E M Tech Entwicklungen Und M | Process and assembly to physically condition air within enclosed spaces frequented by persons minimizes the probability of cross-infection |
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DE202014002230U1 (en) | 2014-06-06 |
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