DE102013222150B4 - Attachment or agricultural vehicle with a monitoring module - Google Patents

Abstract

An attachment or agricultural vehicle having a monitoring module (100) having at least one electronic sensor device for detecting an operating condition of the attachment or agricultural vehicle; wherein the sensor device comprises at least one sensor element in the form of a force sensor which is formed as a multi-layered coating (16) applied to at least one bearing (10) of the attachment or agricultural vehicle, the bearing (10) acting as a rolling bearing formed with bearing rings in the form of an inner ring (11) and an outer ring (13), wherein the coating (16) at least partially on a raceway and on an end face (15) of the inner and / or outer ring (11, 13) of the rolling bearing is provided, and wherein the coating is formed in a CVD or PVD method.

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to an attachment or agricultural vehicle having a monitoring module comprising at least one electronic sensor device for detecting an operating state of the attachment or agricultural vehicle.

Background of the invention

In many machines or vehicles high loads occur, especially in agricultural machinery to which an attachment in front of or behind the agricultural machine is coupled by means of a clutch. Also at z. As tillage equipment, such as harrow, cultivator, loosener, roller, plow, mulcher, harrow, shredder or sowing machine occur high loads, especially as a function of a driving speed of the agricultural machine, with which the respective harrow is verkuppelt. Due to the mostly significant performance of agricultural machinery, there is a risk that implements will be overburdened, or that implements will not be optimally aligned, with the result that the work result will be unsatisfactory. The DE 199 25 460 A1 describes a sliding and / or rolling pairing with thin-film sensor system, which is introduced into the contact zone of the sliding and / or Wälzpaarung forming components. In this case, the thin-film sensor system may be formed, for example, by a force sensor.

The DE 10 2009 040 344 A1 discloses an actuator with integrated condition monitoring system comprising at least one piezoresistive sensor.

The DE 10 2009 044 980 A1 describes a method for producing a sensor component without passivation, in particular a thin-film high-pressure sensor, wherein a piezoresistive sensor layer is provided.

The DE 32 03 334 A1 discloses a force measuring device for controlling the position of a tool to be towed by an agricultural machine.

The EP 1 821 090 A2 describes a force sensor and a manufacturing method thereof. The load pin is used on a farm tractor.

The DE 10 2010 020 190 A1 discloses a laser structured sensor unit and a method of manufacturing the same.

The DE 10 2010 024 808 A1 relates to a piezoresistive force sensor which can be used as a separate component in another component or can be connected to it.

The DE 102 43 095 A1 describes a rolling bearing with integrated condition measurement. In this case, a force-sensitive measuring layer is provided, which can be produced for example in an ARC, sputtering and gas flow method, as well as plasma CVD method.

The DE 39 42 057 A1 discloses an agricultural tractor having a system for dynamically stabilizing its movements. In this case, the driving speed of the tractor sensing sensor means are present, in particular in the form of a wheel speed detecting speed sensor.

The EP 2 016 818 A1 describes a hoist of a tractor and a method for driving such a hoist. To detect occurring forces, pressures, speeds and hoist positions a variety of sensors are provided on the tractor.

The EP 0 341 459 A2 discloses an agricultural tractor in the form of a tractor with coupled attachment. A control device controls the movements of implements for active vibration damping and processes the actual values of several sensors, for example in the form of force measuring bolts.

The DE 10 2007 030 168 A1 describes an electronic control for the drive unit of a vehicle such as self-propelled agricultural harvesters. In order to achieve good traction and low slip of the wheels of the vehicle to the ground surface, control devices are used, which control the driving torque at the wheels. The control device is for this purpose connected to a plurality of sensors arranged in the harvester, which control the changes of the dynamic machine parameters.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide an attachment or agricultural vehicle with a monitoring module by means of which a load acting on an agricultural vehicle and / or an implement coupled to the agricultural vehicle can be detected in a simple manner.

The object is achieved by an attachment or agricultural vehicle with a monitoring module, the at least one electronic Sensor device for detecting an operating state of the attachment or the agricultural vehicle, wherein the sensor device comprises at least one sensor element in the form of a force sensor which is formed as a multi-layered coating, which is applied to at least one bearing of the attachment or the agricultural vehicle, said Bearing is designed as a rolling bearing with bearing rings in the form of an inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the coating is at least partially provided on a raceway and on an end face of the inner and / or outer ring of the rolling bearing, and wherein the coating in a CVD or PVD Method is formed.

This can easily a work result of a machine, for. B. a tillage device, are monitored. The sensor element may also be formed as a part of the coating or as a single layer of a coating with a plurality of layers. The monitoring module can be designed as part of a monitoring device of an agricultural vehicle or attachment. The sensor device may comprise a plurality of sensor elements, and a respective sensor element may comprise a plurality of individual sensors, in particular here so-called measuring bridges.

Attempts have already been made to arrange sensors on rolling bearings in order to be able to measure bearing forces. These can z. B. a distance measurement, a resistance measurement, in particular by means of strain gauges (DMS), a magnetoelastic measurement, an inductive measurement or a piezoelectric force measurement are taken into consideration. About the measured bearing forces can be tried to determine whether the bearing is too heavily loaded. On the strength of the load can then possibly draw a conclusion on the type of load or on an operating condition. An integration of sensors in rolling bearings is usually only expedient if there is a good knowledge of voltages or voltage curves within the bearing in order to be able to conclude from recorded measured values on an actual bearing load. To achieve good accuracy, the sensors may need to be located in specific areas of a bearing, in particular a bearing ring, which may also require modifications to the bearing.

The publication DE 10 2011 003 591 A1 shows a rolling bearing with a arranged next to a raceway of the rolling bearing sensor element having a pressure-sensitive, in particular piezoelectric active layer. Rolling elements of the roller bearing roll laterally offset next to the sensor element.

The patent EP 1 563 269 B1 shows a force measuring bearing with curved raceways, which rolling elements and arranged in a groove sensors, in particular strain gauges, having, wherein the groove is arranged on an outer or inner circumferential surface of the force measuring bearing such that the rolling elements roll over the sensors.

With the previously known bearings, it is possible to detect bearing loads directly on the bearings and to assess the condition of the bearing closer. The sensors are arranged at predetermined positions with respect to a raceway of the rolling elements.

In contrast, the invention is based on the concept of detecting a large number of different measured values, in particular forces on an agricultural machine, with a specific installation situation or a specific design of the agricultural machine remaining as far as possible without any significant influence on the measurement and evaluation. In this case, with a force-measuring coating, detection of measured values can be detected at a multiplicity of different positions of the bearing, in particular by means of the measuring bridges, which are provided here in the coating. Forces can be detected in a variety of different directions. The measuring bridges can also be rolled over directly by rolling elements or at least be arranged directly next to the track. This can increase the accuracy in detecting bearing forces and thus the operating state. The operating state is preferably also a load state to understand, so the strength of a load at a particular operating condition, eg. B. at half power or speed ahead.

With the monitoring module according to the invention further advantages, in particular an increase in storage functionality, an integrated space-neutral arrangement of the sensor, a simple and compatible with various applications combination of functions storage and force measurement, a waiver of complex subsequent adjustment (in particular with respect to a particular arrangement of sensors), a low assembly cost, and the requirement of minimal modifications, if any, compared to conventional bearings. Modifications can z. B. to the respective bearing surrounding components (environment construction) with regard to a plug outlet be useful.

Captured bearing forces can be evaluated in a simple and / or highly accurate manner and used for a control or regulation. The device is also suitable for a wide range of applications and compatible with conventional machines or vehicles, because adaptations of the machines or devices themselves are not required. A retrofitting is possible.

According to the invention, the sensor element is a force sensor. A force sensor here is to be understood as meaning a sensor element which can measure a physical quantity which directly reflects the magnitude of a compressive, tensile or shear force or which indirectly detects an amount of a measured variable which results in a compressive, tensile or shear force can be converted.

A measuring coating is to be understood as meaning a coating which is composed of several layers, in particular a lowermost protective or insulating layer (which may also be referred to as an "insulation layer"), a nickel-chromium (NiCr) layer arranged thereon, a Kapton foil arranged thereon, and an electrical contact layer provided on the Kapton foil, in particular of gold. In the measuring coating, in particular one of the layers, structures (preferably meander-shaped) can be introduced, in particular by means of laser. These structures can each form at least a part of a measuring bridge with which a respective measured value, in particular a force, can be detected and possibly also evaluated. In the coating, a plurality of (possibly differently oriented or trained) measuring bridges may be arranged, in particular in order to increase the accuracy of the evaluation of the operating state.

The measuring coating can deform elastically under load and, depending on the degree of deformation, output a measuring signal of a specific size. The measuring coating can, for. B. fulfill the function of a strain sensor, d. H. in a manner comparable to strain gauges, to record the measured values. The measuring signal can indicate a bearing force or can be used to calculate the bearing force or conversion into the bearing force. The measurement can z. B. also be a weight measurement.

The NiCr layer may be provided in the form of a strain gauge or at least have a structure or geometry like that of a strain gauge. Preferably, the coating has a chromium electrode for resistance measurement, which is sputtered and which is laser-structured. By a laser structuring z. For example, a meander structure can be produced, for example in the form known from strain gauges.

Preferably, the measuring bridges are arranged in the NiCr layer and have inter alia a meander-shaped structure. The measuring bridges can have the aforementioned laser-structured chromium electrodes. Depending on the type of bearing and depending on the application, the measuring bridges can be provided with a convenient number, orientation and arrangement relative to the bearing or to a raceway of the bearing. Preferably, the measuring bridges are set up to detect a resistance.

The measured values recorded by the sensor element can be z. B. via a connector outlet, such as a cable or a plug collar, are transmitted to an evaluation device. In this case, an evaluation device is understood to be a device which can evaluate measured values of one or more sensor elements and can also carry out a conversion between measured variables. The evaluation device can take into account specific properties of the sensor element or of the arrangement of the sensor element, in particular with regard to the raceway. In this case, a continuous measurement signal can be provided.

According to the invention, the coating is a coating which is applied directly to one of the bearing rings in a so-called "chemical vapor deposition" (CVD) process, ie directly on a material of the bearing rings, for. B. directly to a specific steel alloy, which is advantageous for a respective bearing. Alternatively, a PVD process (Physical Vapor Deposition) can be used for coating.

• – einem Innenring und einem Außenring, wobei zumindest einer der Ringe eine Laufbahn des Wälzlagers aufweist;
• – einer Mehrzahl von Wälzkörpern, welche zwischen dem Innen- und Außenring angeordnet sind und auf der Laufbahn abrollen können; und
• – der messenden Beschichtung, welche zur Messung eines Messwertes, insbesondere einer von den Wälzkörpern auf die Laufbahn ausgeübten Kraft, ausgebildet ist.

The bearing is a rotating rotary bearing or radial bearing, in particular with one degree of freedom. The bearing can also have several degrees of freedom, in particular a rotation and a translation. According to the invention, the bearing is designed as a roller bearing, with

• - An inner ring and an outer ring, wherein at least one of the rings has a raceway of the rolling bearing;
• - A plurality of rolling elements, which are arranged between the inner and outer ring and can roll on the track; and
• - The measuring coating, which for measuring a measured value, in particular a force exerted by the rolling elements on the track force is formed.

Preferably, the monitoring module has a multiplicity of sensor elements which are applied to at least one bearing of the agricultural vehicle and at least one bearing of the attachment, in particular each to a bearing of a single tool of the attachment. This can be a comprehensive diagnosis, and Depending on the setting options, individual tools can be set individually to keep their load conditions within a specified range.

The coating is at least partially provided on a raceway and on an end face of an inner and / or outer ring of the rolling bearing. As a result, a measurement of bearing forces can take place directly where the forces of rolling elements of the rolling bearing are introduced into the corresponding bearing ring.

A structural weakening of a rolling bearing, in particular one of the bearing rings, z. B. by a groove for receiving a sensor element, is not required for a measuring coating. The coating can be applied without having to change the shape or structure of the rolling bearing. This not least facilitates the design of the rolling bearing and extends the range of application of the coating.

As rolling bearings are preferably ball or roller or needle roller bearings to understand, d. H. Bearings with rolling elements that roll or roll on a bearing surface.

As a raceway is preferred to understand a portion of the surface of the rolling bearing, in which the rolling elements are in contact with the inner and / or outer ring or can get. The raceway is preferably a part of a lateral surface of the inner and / or outer ring. The raceway may be curved or a kind of groove, and it may also consist of a surrounding in comparison to the raceway sections of z. B. be performed harder material.

As an outer surface is to be understood any surface of the inner or outer ring, be it an inner circumferential surface of the outer ring, which is adjacent to the track or includes the raceway, be it an outer circumferential surface of the outer ring, in particular radially outward in axial overlap with the raceway , d. H. in the same axial position as the raceway. A lateral surface is to be understood as a portion of the surface of the rolling bearing, which is formed by an end face of the rolling bearing.

In particularly heavily loaded bearings or particularly high-speed bearings, it is preferred if the coating is at least partially disposed on surfaces which do not correspond to a raceway of the bearing. As a result, a sensor element with a long service life can be provided, and measured values can be detected, even if the coating should already be slightly worn in the region of the raceway.

According to one embodiment, the coating contacts the surface of the rolling bearing, in particular without an adhesive intermediate layer. The coating itself is in direct contact with the surface, in particular a lateral surface of the rolling bearing. A coating which is applied directly to a material (in particular bearing steel) of the rolling bearing, ie requires no adhesion or other adhesive interlayer, provides the advantage of a long service life or constant sensor properties over the lifetime. There are no adhesive or other adhesion surfaces that can age. By an aging of the adhesion layer, the sensor properties or the type of detection of measured values are changed, which z. B. is disadvantageous in terms of sensor accuracy. This disadvantage arises in many cases in connection with strain gauges and can be avoided by the coating.

The coating is preferably designed as a thin layer or as a coating applied in thin-film technology.

According to a variant not according to the invention, the coating can also be formed as a thick layer or as a coating applied in thick-film technology. In one embodiment as a thick layer, a carrier or a carrier layer may be provided between the coating and the rolling bearing material, which contacts the surface of the rolling bearing.

According to one embodiment, the monitoring module has a control device for setting an operating state of the agricultural vehicle and / or attachment. The control device preferably has an evaluation unit connected to the sensor element for evaluating measured values.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the control device has an evaluation unit connected to the sensor element for evaluating a measured value which is connected to at least one measuring bridge of the sensor element formed in the coating. The evaluation unit can be connected via electrical lines to the measuring bridges, which are fastened directly to a surface of the bearing on or in the coating. Depending on the configuration and functional scope of the measuring bridges, the evaluation unit may also be formed at least partially by one or more measuring bridges.

In this case, a measuring bridge is preferably a part of the coating in which a detection of measured values takes place. Preferably, the measuring bridges are at different distances and different orientation to one Track arranged a rolling bearing and are adapted to detect forces in all three spatial directions, in particular by at least some of the measuring bridges are not two-dimensional, but three-dimensionally arranged in different planes. Particularly preferably, the measuring bridges are arranged linearly independent of one another, ie that the vectors which describe the alignment of the individual measuring bridges are linearly independent of one another, preferably perpendicular to one another, particularly preferably the measuring bridges can also be arranged radially and axially. Preferably, at least two measuring bridges are used, more preferably at least three measuring bridges. Particularly preferably, the meandering regions are arranged radially, furthermore preferably they are axial, in particular with respect to the raceway, arranged particularly preferably they are arranged radially and axially.

With the control device in conjunction with the measuring coating of the bearing, there are further advantages, in particular the possibility of monitoring and influencing a work result during the processing of an agricultural soil, and to use the attachment so that it is not overloaded. The control device can provide information about acting bearing forces by means of the bearing, so that z. B. in agricultural machinery and implements, a regulation of the bearing forces, in particular by a height adjustment of the implements or by regulating the driving speed of the agricultural machine, can be done.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the control device has a data memory with at least one setpoint stored therein and is set up to compare a detected measured value with the desired value and output control signals to an actuator as a function of a deviation of the measured value from the setpoint. In other words, the control device has a controller or is set up to independently perform a control.

The monitoring module has an interface to at least one actuator, in particular an actuator of a harrow or agricultural vehicle, for setting an operating state. According to a variant, the monitoring module may also include the at least one actuator.

By comparing current actual values with nominal values at measuring points in bearings, a comprehensive analysis of work processes and load conditions can be easily carried out, even with a large number of different tools of a machine. An operating state can already be set based on a single desired-actual comparison of a single sensor element. However, a large number of setpoint-actual comparisons preferably takes place based on measured values from a multiplicity of sensor elements.

According to one embodiment, the sensor element has a protective device for protecting the coating, in particular a protective lacquer, an encapsulation and / or an enclosure. By the protection device, the sensor element can be protected from environmental influences and also assigned to a particular security class with respect to individual IP classes.

A force measurement on the agricultural vehicle can be done directly in a coupling or recording to the attachment. Preferably, the attachment or agricultural vehicle is equipped with at least one actuator connected to the monitoring module, wherein the monitoring module is set up to actuate and actuate the actuator.

According to a variant, the measuring coating can furthermore also be provided on a corresponding adaptation on the agricultural vehicle or attachment, in particular on a housing. As a result, in addition to forces detected in bearings also z. B. a distortion or structural stress of a carrier or frame are detected.

The attachment and / or the agricultural vehicle preferably has a control device which is connected to the sensor element, in particular via an evaluation device, and is designed to control the attachment and / or the agricultural vehicle depending on the measured values of the sensor element. For example, individual discs of a rotary harrow can be adjusted. The control device is furthermore configured to process measurement results of a plurality of sensor elements, in particular a sensor element arranged on a coupling between the attachment and the agricultural vehicle, and a plurality of sensor elements arranged on individual tools of the attachment, and to compare them with desired values (depending on a respective attachment) and to issue a warning tone when the setpoint values or setpoint ranges are exceeded or to actuate the attachment or the agricultural vehicle in such a way that the measured values are again in the setpoint range, eg. B. by a vehicle speed is throttled. The control device preferably has one or more evaluation devices of the type described above.

According to one embodiment, the at least one bearing is arranged on a coupling of the agricultural vehicle for an attachment and / or on a flange of an implement which can be coupled to the agricultural vehicle. An arrangement of the bearing on a coupling or a flange can correspond to a bearing of the coupling or the flange or a respective shaft in the bearing. As an alternative to the flange, the attachment may also have a coupling. The (main) flange of the attachment preferably corresponds to a machine element which is connected to the coupling of the agricultural vehicle or connectable, be it directly, be it z. B. by means of a shaft. As a flange is preferably a component for power transmission and to guide a further component to understand, so a kind of reversible interface between two components. By an arrangement on the coupling or on the flange, a force acting on the attachment force can be measured in absolute form. Preferably, the force is measured both on a shaft connecting the attachment with the agricultural vehicle and on individual bearings (in particular of individual tools) of the attachment, so that it can be evaluated which tool is subjected to particularly high loads. An arrangement on the flange is understood to mean a connection of the bearing to the flange, in which at least one part, in particular a bearing ring, of the bearing is connected directly to the flange and arranged in the force flow between the flange and any tools.

According to one embodiment, the at least one bearing is arranged on a flange of the attachment and / or on a tool of the attachment. This allows a force measurement z. B. on several discs or tines or pinch wheels or pressure rollers of an attachment, in particular a working device for soil consolidation done. It can be avoided by evaluating the measured values and a control of the implement that the implement is blocked or is not set at an optimal height. Also, the work result, in particular a constant Bodenreverfestigung can be achieved in a more accurate manner.

It has been found that a monitoring module can be used with a measuring bearing on an attachment and / or agricultural vehicle, in particular also (each) on individual tools of an attachment, for. B. on individual discs of a rotary harrow. As a result, a rotary harrow can be retrofitted with sensor elements in a simple manner, and a measured value, in particular an absolute force between the rotary harrow and the agricultural vehicle can be measured at a coupling to the agricultural vehicle, and in addition each individual tool can be monitored. Thus, it can be determined whether the individual tools are not stressed too much. It can also be determined whether the absolute force between the rotary harrow and the agricultural vehicle is also associated with a load on the individual tools, ie whether the absolute force is also in a certain ratio to the sum of the individual loads of the tools, eg. B. depending on the consistency of the soil to be processed. This makes it possible to draw conclusions about the operating condition of the rotary harrow and also about the work result. Preferably, the monitoring module is connected to at least one actuator or communicates with at least one actuator, wherein the monitoring module is configured to actuate the actuator.

• – Erfassen eines Betriebszustands mittels einer elektronischen Sensoreinrichtung; bei welchem vorgesehen ist, dass der Betriebszustand durch Erfassen eines Messwertes in wenigstens einem Lager des Landwirtschaftsfahrzeugs erfasst wird, wobei der Messwert mit einem Sensorelement erfasst wird, welches durch eine auf dem wenigstens einen Lager aufgebrachte Beschichtung gebildet ist.

A method of detecting an operating condition of an agricultural vehicle and / or an implement coupleable to the agricultural vehicle is performed by the step of:

• - Detecting an operating condition by means of an electronic sensor device; wherein it is provided that the operating state is detected by detecting a measured value in at least one bearing of the agricultural vehicle, wherein the measured value is detected with a sensor element which is formed by a coating applied to the at least one bearing coating.

It is also preferable to evaluate the measured values and to diagnose the operating state, in particular by comparing the measured values with stored nominal values or setpoint ranges.

• – Vergleichen gemessener Messwerte mit Sollwerten und Ermitteln einer Abweichung der Messwerte von den Sollwerten; und
• – Ansteuern mindestens eines Aktors des Anbaugeräts und/oder Landwirtschaftsfahrzeugs in Abhängigkeit der ermittelten Abweichung, zum Einstellen eines Betriebszustandes des Anbaugeräts und/oder Landwirtschaftsfahrzeugs.

The method can be developed for setting an operating state of the attachment and / or agricultural vehicle, and in particular have the following steps:

• Comparing measured measured values with desired values and determining a deviation of the measured values from the desired values; and
• - controlling at least one actuator of the attachment and / or agricultural vehicle in dependence of the determined deviation, for setting an operating state of the attachment and / or agricultural vehicle.

Short description of the drawing

In the following drawing figures, the invention will be described in more detail. Show

1 a schematic side view of a monitoring module, which is arranged on an agricultural vehicle;

2 in a schematic representation of the monitoring module according to 1 ;

3 a schematic sectional view of a monitoring module with a force-measuring bearing and with a control device;

4 a schematic detail view of a force measuring coating for a monitoring module; and

5 in schematic detail measuring bridges, which are arranged in a force-measuring coating for a monitoring module.

Detailed description of the drawing

In the 1 is an agricultural vehicle 1 with a PTO 3 shown to which via a clutch 2 and a powertrain 3a an attachment 1a is coupled. The drive train 3a engages on a flange 4 of the attachment 1a and is here schematically as an extension of the PTO 3 of the agricultural vehicle 1 shown. At the clutch 2 is a measuring camp 10 arranged. The attachment 1a has a tool 1b on which on the attachment 1a is stored. Optionally, a bearing (not shown) for the tool can be designed as a measuring bearing. The agricultural vehicle 1 has a monitoring module 100 on which a control device 20 that involves with the measuring bearing 10 as well as with actuators 5.1 . 5.2 connected is.

The actors 5.1 . 5.2 can be actuators of the vehicle 1 be or actuators, which through the monitoring module 100 to be provided. One of the actors 5.1 . 5.2 can z. B. the height of the clutch 2 and thus a height and / or inclination of the attachment 1a to adjust. The monitoring module 100 can on the camp 10 capture acting forces and the actors 5.1 . 5.2 trigger in such a way that the bearing load and thus a certain operating condition can be adjusted. Preferably, the bearing can also be in the attachment 1a be particularly preferably, the actuators may be in the attachment.

In the 2 is a monitoring module 100 shown which is a measuring bearing 10 , a control device 20 with a data store 20a , an evaluation unit 21 and an interface 22 to an actuator (not shown).

In the data store 20a Setpoints or setpoint ranges are stored for measured values, in particular force amounts. By means of the evaluation unit 21 For example, a detected measured value can be compared with the setpoint values, and depending on the deviation, activation of an actuator can take place via the interface 22 respectively.

In the 3 is a monitoring module 100 with a force measuring bearing 10 and with a controller 20 shown, the bearing 10 an inner ring 11 , a rolling element 12 , an outer ring 13 , a career 14 for the or more rolling elements 12 and a force measuring coating 16 having. The force measuring coating 16 is here on an inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 13 applied and covers at least partially the career 14 , The coating 16 can optionally additionally or alternatively also on the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 11 be upset. Particularly preferably, the coating can also on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring 13 and on the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 13 be upset.

The or the rolling elements 16 overrun or overrun the track 14 and apply a force to the coating 16 out, especially by the coating 16 is rolled over or by the respective ring 11 . 13 experiences a stress which leads to a stress in the coating 16 leads.

In the 4 is a coating in detail 16 a force-measuring bearing 10 shown. The coating 16 is on an outer ring 13 applied and covered a career 14 of the camp 10 , The coating 16 is made up of four layers, namely a first layer 16a , a second location 16b , a third location 16c and a fourth location 16d , The first location 16a corresponds to a lowermost protective or insulating layer ("insulation layer"), the second layer 16b corresponds to a nickel-chromium (NiCr) layer arranged thereon, the third layer 16c corresponds to a Kapton foil arranged thereon, and the fourth layer 16d corresponds to a provided on the Kapton foil electrical contact layer, in particular of gold. In the second location 16b are measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 formed, at which a respective force (in particular due to a resistance measurement) detected and optionally can be evaluated.

The measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 are in different positions in relation to the career 14 arranged and have different orientations from each other. As a result, bearing forces can be detected in several directions. The measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 have introduced by laser structures or lines, preferably also a meandering structure with which a resistance can be measured, in particular according to a measuring principle comparable to that in strain gauges.

In the 5 is an example of an arrangement of measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 a force measuring coating 16 in terms of a career 14 a warehouse 10 shown in a detailed view, with the structure of the measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 is indicated only schematically, in particular for clarification that a measurement according to the measuring principle of strain gauges can be done. The career 14 is centered on the outer circumferential surface of an inner ring 11 of the camp 10 arranged, and a first measuring bridge 16.1 is right on the track 14 with a cross-track arrangement 14 arranged. The first measuring bridge 16.1 may preferably be transverse to the raceway 14 detect acting forces, since the meandering structure of a part of the measuring bridge 16.1 extends in the transverse direction. A second bridge 16.2 is on a face 15 of the inner ring 11 arranged and arranged to detect surface forces in the circumferential direction. A third bridge 16.3 is on the outer surface next to the track 14 arranged and set up to detect lateral forces. A fourth bridge 16.4 is both on the track and next to the track 14 arranged and aligned so that preferably forces are detected in peripheral vision. All measuring bridges 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 are with an evaluation unit 21 a control device 20 connected. The coating 16 forms together with the warehouse 10 and the controller 20 a monitoring module 100 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Agricultural vehicle

1a

Attachment, especially tillage implement

1b

Tool of the attachment

2

clutch

3

PTO

3a

drive train

4

flange

5.1

(first) actor

5.2

second actor

10

Measuring bearing, in particular rolling bearings

11

inner ring

12

rolling elements

13

outer ring

14

career

15

face

16

coating

16a

first location

16b

second location

16c

third location

16d

fourth location

16.1

(first) measuring bridge

16.2

second measuring bridge

16.3

third measuring bridge

16.4

fourth measuring bridge

20

control device

20a

data storage

21

evaluation

22

interface

100

monitoring module

Claims (9)

Attachment or agricultural vehicle with a monitoring module ( 100 ) having at least one electronic sensor device for detecting an operating state of the attachment or agricultural vehicle; wherein the sensor device has at least one sensor element in the form of a force sensor, which serves as a multilayer coating ( 16 ) formed on at least one bearing ( 10 ) of the implement or of the agricultural vehicle, the warehouse ( 10 ) as a rolling bearing with bearing rings in the form of an inner ring ( 11 ) and an outer ring ( 13 ), wherein the coating ( 16 ) at least partially on a track and on an end face ( 15 ) of the inner and / or outer ring ( 11 ; 13 ) of the rolling bearing, and wherein the coating is formed in a CVD or PVD method. An attachment or an agricultural vehicle according to claim 1, wherein at least three measuring bridges ( 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 ) configured to detect forces in all three spatial directions by at least some of the measuring bridges being arranged three-dimensionally in different planes. An attachment or agricultural vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the monitoring module ( 100 ) a control device ( 20 ) for setting an operating state. An attachment or agricultural vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring module ( 100 ) a control device ( 20 ), which has an evaluation unit connected to the sensor element ( 21 ) for evaluating a reading associated with at least one of the in the coating ( 16 ) formed measuring bridges ( 16.1 . 16.2 . 16.3 . 16.4 ) of the sensor element is connected. An implement or an agricultural vehicle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the control device ( 20 ) a data memory ( 20a ) with at least one setpoint stored therein and is set up to compare a detected measured value with the setpoint value and, depending on a deviation of the measured value from the setpoint, control signals to an actuator ( 5.1 . 5.2 ). Agricultural vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one bearing ( 10 ) on a coupling ( 2 ) of the agricultural vehicle ( 1 ) for an attachment and / or on a flange ( 4 ) of an implement coupled to the agricultural vehicle ( 1a ) is arranged. An attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one bearing ( 10 ) on a flange ( 4 ) of the attachment ( 1a ) and / or on a tool ( 1b ) of the attachment is arranged. An attachment or agricultural vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coating is directly and without an adhesive interlayer at least partially on the track and on the end face ( 15 ) of the inner and / or outer ring ( 11 ; 13 ) of the rolling bearing is provided. Attachment or agricultural vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rolling bearing is a ball bearing or a roller bearing or a needle bearing.

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