DE102013221901B4 - Disassembly tool for electrical plug contacts - Google Patents

Abstract

Disassembly tool (100) for unlocking an electrical plug-in contact (600) latched in a contact chamber (510) of a connector (500) comprising a housing-like handle (200), wherein the handle (200) defines a handle axis (210), one with the handle ( 200), wherein the disassembly element (300) along its longitudinal extent defines a disassembly element axis (310), wherein in the unloaded state of the disassembly tool (100) the handle axis (210) and the disassembly element axis (310) to each other run parallel, wherein the disassembly element (300) relative to the handle axis (210) is deflected at least partially, characterized in that the disassembly element (300) in a handle (200) facing mounting portion (320) of the disassembly element (300) of a handle (200) formed holding element (220) overlapped and in this holding element (220) with the interposition of at least one between the Befestigungsbe Rich (320) and the holding element (220) arranged resiliently or reversibly deformable buffer member (250) is secured captive or is clamped.

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a disassembly tool for unlocking a latched in a contact chamber of a connector electrical plug contact with the features of the preamble of the independent device claim.

In technical fields, such as the automotive industry, electrical connectors are often in use to electrically contact electrical or electronic components. Such electrical plug contacts are often latched by means of a resilient latching element during insertion into the contact chamber of the connector in this. The locking element may in this case be attached to the contact itself or be part of the connector. If the contact is to be disassembled again, for example for repair purposes or because it has been inserted into the wrong contact chamber in harness manufacturing, a disassembly tool is usually used for this purpose.

From the DE 10 2010 023 175 A1 Such a disassembly tool is known with which can be solved plug contacts in a multiple plug.

From the DE 83 33 705 U1 is a tool for inserting connecting elements in the chambers of a connector known. This tool is also suitable for unlocking and pulling out of locked in the chambers of a connector-mounted terminal elements, which are designed as electrical contact elements or as connection sleeves for optical fibers.

The solution of the electrical plug contact is done by inserting a mandrel-like disassembly element of a disassembly tool, usually from the direction of the mating surface of the plug contact contacting contact. The latching is in this case deflected out of its detent position by the thorn-like disassembly element and the plug contact is thereby released for disassembly.

When the disassembly tool is inserted, the tool may tilt. Such an inclined position can then cause the latching element of the electrical plug contact to be deflected so strongly in one direction that damage to the latching element occurs. Likewise, by excessive inclination of the dismantling tool to damage the guide surfaces come on which the mandrel-like disassembly of the disassembly tool is passed to the locking elements.

Advantages of the invention

According to the invention a disassembly tool for unlocking a latched in a contact chamber of a connector electrical plug contact is proposed. The removal tool comprises a box-like handle, wherein the handle defines a handle axis. It further comprises a pin-like disassembly element connected to the handle, wherein the disassembly element defines a disassembly element axis along its longitudinal extent, wherein in the unloaded state of the disassembly tool the handle axis and the disassembly element axis run parallel to one another. According to the invention, the dismantling element can be deflected at least in regions relative to the handle axis, in particular elastically reversible or reversibly deflectable reversibly.

In the context of this application, the term "elastically reversible" the property of a body or a component, in this case the dismantling, understood that the body or the component after a deflection from a rest position, for example due to a force, automatically back into the Rest position returns. This restoring process is effected automatically by the elasticity established in the material and / or in the shaping of the body or component, ie without external force, possibly with certain hysteresis effects, by means of which the exact rest position is only approximately reached. The deflection and the return can be linearly coupled to the force, for example similar to the Hooke's law of a spring, but there may also be a non-linear relationship between the force and the deflection or the provision. In the material or in the shaping of the body under normal load and with normal and also multiple use, there is no significant plastic, ie irreversible, deformation which restricts the elastically reversible property.

In the context of this application, the term "reversible reversible" the property of a body or a component, in this case the dismantling, understood that the body or the component after a deflection from a rest position, for example due to a force, back to the rest position can be reset. The return or the reshaping is achieved by an external force, for example by a direction opposite to the direction of force in the direction of force. Due to the deflection process or the return process, no plastic, ie irreversible, deformation is caused in the material. However, for example, the shape of the body or the component in the rest position, a first, thermodynamically assume stable state and reach a second thermodynamically stable state after the deflection, which is different from the first state, but - without plastic deformation of the material itself - can be returned to the first thermodynamically stable state. For the change from the first state to the second state in this exemplary embodiment, it may, for. B. be necessary to overcome an energy barrier. This is caused by the action of the external force when deflecting and resetting. In principle, it is also conceivable that there are more than two thermodynamically stable states, which can be converted into each other by an external force.

Compared to the prior art, the disassembly tool according to the invention for unlocking a latched in a contact chamber of a connector electrical connector has the advantage that even with an inclination of the handle of the disassembly tool, for example, by a person engaged in disassembly, an overload and possible damage to the Locking element and / or the guide surfaces of the electrical plug contact or the contact chamber of the connector is avoided.

In an inclined position of the dismantling tool, the disassembly is at least partially deflected relative to the handle axis or buckles the disassembly from the handle axis, whereby the force on the sensitive parts of the connector and the electrical plug contact is significantly reduced. An elastic or reversible deflectability advantageously allows a continuous deflection, that is to say a gentle and low-loading deflection, of the dismounting element in relation to the handle axis. Particularly advantageous is caused by the elastic reversible or recoverable reversible deflectability that the dismantling element after completion of the inclination or after completion of the force again returns to the original state or is resettable that the handle axis and the dismantling element axis, for example, again substantially to each other run parallel. If the original state is justified by any other angle ratio between the dismantling element axis and the handle axis, then in the context of this application the elastically reversible deflection or the reversibly reversible deflection means that this original angle ratio between the two axes is automatically restored or by a external force z. B. in the opposite direction to the deflecting force can be restored.

The inventive design of the dismantling tool thus advantageously reduces the reject rate when disassembling such connectors, which can be saved for example in multiple plugs with, for example, 156 poles significant cost, since even a single damaged contact chamber leads to replace the entire multi-pin or even the entire wiring harness have to. Furthermore, the dismantling work is easier and faster executable by the solution according to the invention, since the disassembly tool itself counteracts an excess of harmful lateral forces due to an undesirable inclination of the disassembly tool. Thus, the use of the disassembly tool according to the invention allows a safe and damage-free disassembly of the electrical plug contact in confined spaces, in poor visibility or other adverse working conditions and also compensates insertion error of the disassembly tool due to fatigue or lack of concentration.

For the present invention advantageous function of the dismantling tool, it is sufficient if the disassembly element is at least partially deflected. For this it is sufficient if, for example, the free end of the mandrel-like disassembly element, which is inserted for unlocking the plug contact in the contact chamber of the connector, is substantially rigid and not plugged into the connector part of the disassembly element relative to the free end of the disassembly element is deflected. Likewise, it is of course possible that the entire disassembly element is elastically or reversibly deflected or that the disassembly element is integrally formed and can be deflected relative to the handle.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are achieved by the features and measures specified in the dependent claims.

Characterized in that the disassembly is at least partially deflected by up to 30 °, in particular by up to 45 °, relative to the handle axis of the handle is advantageously causes the disassembly tool has a sufficiently large tolerance range with respect to the inclination of the disassembly tool to the vast majority compensate for commonly occurring undesirable skew positions of the disassembly tool.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the dismantling element relative to the handle axis when exceeding an acting transversely to the handle axis exceeding limit force, in particular one different from zero Exceeding limit force, compared to the handle axis deflected at least partially and the disassembly is in the deflected state falls below an undercrossing limit force across the handle axis automatically with its disassembly element axis substantially parallel to the handle axis or turns the disassembly automatically back into his the deflection existing position back. This development of the invention acts, for example, according to the principle described in more detail below, which is known in German speech as "cracking-frog principle". Here, the dismantling z. B. a stable and a metastable state, wherein the metastable state is achieved by exceeding the excess limiting force. The transition to the metastable state, for example, abruptly and suddenly, ie the state change is then non-linear. In such a non-linear exemplary case, there is initially no deflection up to the excess limit force, or at most a slight deflection out of the steady state up to the excess limit force compared to the deflection following the excess limit force stable in the metastable state. As a result, the disassembly element can initially be used like a lever in order to release the latching of the plug contact by applying a release force to the latching element. Only when the depending on the embodiment of different levels adjustable overshoot limit force is exceeded and it could cause damage to the plug contact or the contact chamber is the disassembly in its metastable state and thus relieves the plug contact and the contact chamber. Such a stable / metastable characteristic is to be assigned in the sense of the application of the category defined above to an "elastically reversible" deflection.

This development advantageously has the effect that the dismantling element for the person dismantling the person is perceived as a normal dismantling tool until reaching the excess limit force and that the at least regional deflection of the dismantling element relative to the handle axis exceeds a transgression transversely to the handle axis -Frictiveness damage to the connector or the latched therein electrical plug contact is avoided. Advantageously, it is signaled by the person handling the dismantling tool that the undesired inclination of the dismantling tool is reached or that a force acting transversely to the insertion direction has exceeded a safety threshold by the deflection of the dismounting element occurring only when an excess limit force is exceeded. Due to the automatic alignment of the dismounting element axis parallel to the handle axis when falling below the undershoot limit force, that is, the provision of the metastable state in the stable state, is advantageously effected that the disassembly tool is always ready for use in the unloaded state. A further embodiment of the invention provides that the disassembly element is designed, for example bistable, d. h., That the dismantling element is deflected at least in regions when exceeding an acting transversely to the handle axis excess limit force against the handle axis and remains stable in this deflected state. The return to the state in which the disassembly element axis is aligned parallel to the handle axis, then carried by acting in the opposite direction across the handle axis force, which in turn must exceed a certain limit force.

An advantageous development of the invention provides that the excess limit force is 5 times to 15 times that force transverse to a direction of insertion of the disassembly tool into the contact chamber of the connector, which is necessary to lock the latched in the contact chamber of the connector secure electrical plug contact. This has the advantageous effect that on the one hand, the locking of the latched in the contact chamber of the connector electrical plug contact is reliably solved by the disassembly and that at the same time excessive stress on the contact chamber, the connector, the locking element or the electrical plug contact is avoided by an unintentional inclination of the disassembly tool , In other words, the limit exceeding force is depending on the embodiment of at least 5 times and at most 15 times that force transverse to a direction of insertion of the disassembly tool into the contact chamber of the connector, which is necessary to lock the in the contact chamber of the Connector securely latched electrical plug contact. The force for the safe release of the connection is to be understood as a force under normal operating conditions.

Characterized in that the disassembly element is integrally formed, a particularly simple production of the disassembly element is made possible, whereby the disassembly tool is particularly inexpensive manufacturable.

A development of the invention provides that the dismantling element has a desired bending point in a fastening region facing the handle. The intended bending point causes the dismantling element to be deflected at the desired bending point in the case of an oblique position or in the case of a force acting transversely to the insertion direction becomes. In this way, both damage to the connector or the plug contact as well as damage to the dismantling element is advantageously avoided. Because the dismantling element could undesirably bend or even break at a not previously defined point without suddenly occurring, high forces transverse to the insertion direction without the desired bending point.

Characterized in that the desired bending point is performed by a taper of a diameter or a material thickness or a thickness of the dismantling element transversely to the disassembly element axis in the unloaded state, advantageously a particularly simple and secure design of the desired bending point is effected. Due to the extent of the taper can be very precise set a limit force at which the disassembly is deflected latest or can the Auslenkverhalten set precisely by the desired bending point acts as a spring and the taper as a spring constant.

A further development of the invention provides that the dismantling element is formed in a bending region of the desired bending point by a bending region material which has a lower modulus of elasticity than the at least one remaining material from which the areas of the dismantling element lying outside the bending region are formed are. This refinement advantageously has the effect that, on account of the specific selection of the bending region material and of the at least one other material of the other regions, a target bending point can be formed on the dismantling element, at which point the dismounting element exceeds an excess limiting force relative to the handle axis is deflected. By the targeted selection of the material combination and a desired elasticity or reversibility of the deflection is adjustable, in this embodiment, the combination of materials, for example, forms a kind of spring constant of a spring.

In a further development of the invention, the dismantling element is overlapped in a handle facing the mounting portion of the disassembly of a handle formed on the holding element and secured captively in this holding element with the interposition of at least one arranged between the mounting portion and the holding element, elastic or reversibly deformable buffer element, in particular clamped. This advantageously has the effect that, for example, a disassembly element which is rigid over its entire extent can also be built into the disassembly tool and the deflectability of the disassembly element is ensured by the buffer element. Advantageously, by selecting the material of the buffer element and its dimensions along the handle axis and transversely to the handle axis, the extent of the deflection of the disassembly element and the forces required for the deflection can be set accurately. Advantageously, therefore, the same disassembly element is always used for different applications, wherein the desired deflection is ensured in the respective application by the selection of the buffer element, for. B. by the choice of the material of the buffer element or the dimensions of the buffer element. As a result, a modular production of the dismantling tool is made possible, which simplifies the production and makes it particularly cost-effective by using many identical parts. Furthermore, adaptations to new applications by the use of another buffer material or other dimensions of the buffer material are particularly easy.

Characterized in that the elastic buffer element in a cross section transverse to the handle axis has a thickness which corresponds at least to the diameter or the thickness or the material thickness of the disassembly element transversely to the handle axis and / or that the holding element and the elastic buffer element in an extension direction parallel to Griffachse extend over a length which is at least 4 times the diameter of the disassembly element transverse to the handle axis, is advantageously effected that the disassembly has a sufficiently wide deflection range or is sufficiently deflectable to damage the connector or the electrical plug contact at to avoid an inclination of the disassembly tool safely and reliably.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description.

Show it:

1a a contact chamber of a connector according to the prior art in cross section;

1b a latched in the contact chamber electrical plug contact according to the prior art in cross section,

1c a cross section of a proper disassembly operation of the latched in the contact chamber electrical plug contact with a disassembly tool according to the prior art,

1d a cross-section of a disassembly operation of the latched in the contact chamber electrical plug contact with undesired inclination of a disassembly tool according to the prior art,

2 a cross section of a first embodiment of the disassembly tool according to the invention in the disassembly of the latched in the contact chamber electrical plug contact,

3a A second embodiment of the disassembly tool according to the invention,

3b a section of the disassembly tool of the invention 3a .

4a A third embodiment of the disassembly tool according to the invention,

4b a section of the disassembly tool according to the invention 4a in the unloaded condition,

4c a section of the disassembly tool according to the invention 4a in the deflected state,

5 and 6 further examples of disassembly tools that do not represent embodiments of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention

In the reference numerals used in the drawings, elements having the same function have the same reference number.

In the 1a to 1d is a contact chamber 510 a connector 500 represented according to the prior art. The contact chamber 510 indicates a plug contact side 502 a plug contact opening 512 on, through which an electrical plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 along a plug contact insertion direction 602 can be inserted. The connector 500 also has one of the plug contact side 502 facing dismantling side 504 on. In the dismantling side 504 there is at least one contact opening 520 through which the plug contact 600 can be contacted mechanically and electrically with an electrical contact (not shown). The in the contact chamber 510 plugged electrical plug contact 600 has a fixed to it electrical connection cable 620 on.

As in 1b is shown is the electrical plug contact 600 by means of a locking element 610 in the contact chamber 510 against pulling out against the plug contact insertion 602 locked or locked. The locking element 610 is for example in the form of a transverse to the plug contact insertion 602 protruding locking lance formed, which upon insertion of the electrical plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 inside, that is transverse to the plug contact insertion 602 to the electrical plug contact 600 towards, can be deflected resiliently and springs back after completion of the insertion into its original position, ie to the outside, away from the electrical plug contact 600 , In this spring-back state, the locking element is supported 610 with its protruding from the electrical plug contact free locking element end 612 for example, on a transverse to the plug contact insertion 602 protruding locking projection 540 the contact chamber 510 such that a pulling out of the electrical plug contact 600 against its plug contact insertion 602 by means of the locking element 610 is blocked.

In the dismantling side 504 is still at least one disassembly opening 530 through which a disassembly element 300 a disassembly tool 100 in a plug-in direction 800 can be inserted to the locking of the electrical plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 to solve. In the illustrated embodiment, the insertion direction 800 by way of example opposite to the plug contact insertion direction 602 but there are other relationships between the insertion direction 800 and the plug contact insertion direction 602 possible.

The dismantling tool 100 points next to the dismantling element 300 a handle 200 on, wherein the dismantling element 300 on the handle 200 is fixed. The handle 200 has a handle axis formed along its extension direction and defined by the extension direction 210 on and the dismantling element 300 has a defined by its longitudinal extension direction disassembly element axis 310 on. At the dismantling tool 100 According to the prior art, the handle axis 210 and the dismounting element axis 310 fixed relative to each other during the assembly process, in the example shown the 1c form the handle axis 210 and the dismounting element axis 310 a common axis.

When properly inserting the dismantling element 300 of the dismantling tool 100 through the dismantling opening 530 through is the dismantling element 300 via a sliding surface or guide surface 545 the contact chamber 510 away to the locking element 610 guided. It comes in mechanical contact with the locking element 610 and directs the locking element 610 transverse to the plug contact insertion direction 602 inside, that is to the plug contact 600 out, over the locking projection 540 out. The plug contact 600 is deflected and is no longer in this way by the interaction of the locking element 610 with the locking projection 540 blocked. The electric plug contact 600 can be thus by the action of the dismantling tool 100 slightly in the direction of the arrow 604 , ie against its plug contact insertion 602 , from the contact chamber 510 of the connector 500 pull out and remove it.

However, as in 1d shown the disassembly tool 100 through the dismantling opening 530 of the connector 500 obliquely to the insertion direction 800 introduced or sets the disassembly tool during insertion or in the inserted state in the contact chamber due to a transverse to the insertion direction 800 acting force (F) obliquely with respect to the insertion direction 800 , the dismantling process is carried out only incorrectly and there is a threat of damage to the locking element 610 of the plug contact 600 or the sliding surface or guide surface 545 , the dismantling opening 530 or other parts of the contact chamber 510 , In particular, by the large leverage or the large torque of the dismantling tool 100 can the filigree structures of the electrical plug contact 600 , the locking element 610 or the contact chamber 510 irreparably damaged, which in addition to the cost of replacement parts to a large loss of time in the required replacement of the electrical plug-in contact 600 or the connector 500 and thus can lead to high costs.

2 shows a first embodiment of a disassembly tool according to the invention 100 during a disassembly process. The dismantling element 300 is with his free end 302 through the dismantling opening 530 completely along the insertion direction 800 introduced into the contact chamber. The dismantling element 300 is on the handle 200 of the dismantling tool 100 in a mounting area 320 established. Now a force (F) acts across the direction of insertion 800 on the dismantling tool 100 , so for example, the in the contact chamber 510 inserted part of the dismantling element 300 opposite the handle axis 210 deflected or bent. From the reference system of the dismantling element 300 the handle is considered 200 opposite the dismantling element 300 along the direction of force (F) deflected or buckles the handle 200 opposite the dismantling element 300 from. As a result of the deflection process, for example, a desired bending point 350 of the dismantling element 300 , are the handle axis 210 and the dismounting element axis 310 no longer parallel to each other, but include an angle (α) which is greater than 0 ° and, for example, up to 30 °, preferably up to 45 ° and more preferably up to 60 °. In the illustrated embodiment is thereby only a part of the dismantling element 300 opposite the handle axis 210 deflected. In this case, the disassembly element axis 310 through the deflected part of the dismantling element 300 Are defined. The kinking of the handle 200 or the deflection of the handle axis 210 opposite the disassembly element axis 310 As a result, the torque which passes through the transverse to the insertion direction 800 acting force (F) from the handle 200 on the dismantling element 300 acts, is reduced by the deflection process, for example, by force into the target bending point 350 or z. B. also in a buffer element 250 which z. B. between the disassembly element 300 and one on the handle 200 arranged holding element 220 is provided. The thus derived in the buckling or deflection forces are now in contrast to the in 1d Case no longer shown in the contact chamber 510 or on the locking element 610 or on the plug contact 600 transfer. Despite the grip 200 of the dismantling tool 100 transverse to the insertion direction 800 acting force (F) thus becomes the locking element 610 not damaged but safe and reliable unlocked and the plug contact 600 can be easily and easily counter to its plug contact insertion 602 from the contact chamber 510 along the direction of the arrow 604 pull out and remove.

3a shows a second embodiment of the disassembly tool according to the invention 100 in the overview in unloaded condition. At the right end in the figure is the handle 200 of the dismantling tool 100 shown. At the left end of the dismantling tool in the figure 100 is the dismantling element 300 with his free end 302 arranged. The dismantling element 300 is in one of the free end 302 facing away from the attachment area 320 with the interposition of a buffer element 250 from one on the handle 200 arranged holding element 220 overlapped and is for example by a means of a fastener 222 manufactured clamp on the handle 200 established. For example, the retaining element 220 be designed as a hollow cylindrical, consisting of two half-shells, three-thirds shells or four quarter shells, slotted neck, similar to a chuck, which z. B. by a cross screw as a fastener 222 with the interposition of the buffer element 250 on the mandrel-like disassembly element 300 is clamped. By such a configuration, the disassembly can be 300 and that buffer element 250 easy and quick to replace. At the buffer element 250 it may be, for example, a rubber-like or even silicone existing material, which is highly elastic and thus is suitable for the disassembly 300 acting transverse forces, ie transverse to the insertion direction 800 acting forces to absorb.

The dismantling element 300 can at its free end 302 For example, have a serving as an insertion tip. The dismantling element can in cross section, for example, transverse to its disassembly element axis 310 have a round, elliptical, square cross-section or generally polygonal cross-section. In an exemplary embodiment, the disassembly element is formed with a substantially rectangular cross-section having a high aspect ratio between the long and short axes of at least 3: 1, preferably at least 10: 1. The cross section of the dismantling element 300 is not limited to the exemplified embodiments, and may be along the extension direction of the dismantling member axis 310 vary.

The dismantling element 300 For example, it is made of metal, for example iron, steel, brass or copper, but it may also be formed of a highly abrasion-resistant plastic or a glass fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fibers.

In 3b is a section of the in 3a shown disassembly tool according to the dashed section in 3a in an unloaded state and in one with a force (F) across the direction of insertion 800 loaded state shown. In the illustrated cross section, the disassembly element 300 a diameter (D).

The in the attachment area 320 between the holding element 220 and the dismantling element 300 arranged buffer element 250 has a cross-section transverse to the dismantling element axis 310a of the unloaded disassembly element has a thickness (D1) which is at least equal to the diameter (D) of the disassembly element 300 equivalent. Along the extension direction of the dismantling element axis 310a in the unloaded state of the dismantling tool 100 have the retaining element 220 and the buffer element 250 a length (L) at least four times the length of the diameter (D) of the dismantling element 300 equivalent. The dismantling element axis 310a and the handle axis 210 run in the unloaded state parallel to each other.

In the picture is also the deflection of the dismantling element 300 im with a force (F) across the direction of insertion 800 loaded state shown. The dismantling element 300 has a disassembly element axis in this loaded state 310b on, which with respect to the dismantling element axis 310a or opposite the handle axis 210 is deflected by an angle (α). The maximum deflection angle of the dismounting element axis 310b opposite the handle axis 210 is determined by the thickness (D1) and length (L) of the buffer element 250 and the retaining element 220 as well as by the elastic material properties of the buffer element 250 certainly.

Due to the embodiment according to the 3a and 3b becomes the dismantling element 300 at a direction transverse to the insertion 800 acting force (F) continuously deflected relative to the handle axis, the buffer element 250 acts like a spring with a spring constant. As a result, even small inclinations of the handle 200 of the dismantling tool 100 by means of the deflection of the dismantling element 300 balanced and thus do not lead to a significant deviation of the dismantling element axis 310 the free end 302 of the dismantling element 300 from the insertion direction 800 ,

In the 4a to 4c a third embodiment of the disassembly tool according to the invention is shown. 4a shows how 3a an overview of the dismantling tool 100 with a handle 200 and the dismantling element attached thereto 300 , which at its left end in the figure as a free end 302 is formed, which along the insertion direction 800 has.

In 4b is the in 4a circular edged cutout of the dismantling element 300 shown as an enlargement in the unloaded state. The dismantling element 300 points in this embodiment between the free end of the disassembly element 300 and the holding body 320 of the dismantling element 300 an area, which as a target bending point 350 serves. In the illustrated embodiment, the desired bending point 350 by a taper of the diameter (D) of the dismantling element 300 which is smaller by a tapering contribution (ΔD) than the diameter (D) of the remaining dismantling element 300 , The term "diameter" is when using a disassembly element 300 with non-round, but for example rectangular cross-section to be understood as the thickness or the material thickness of the disassembly element at the corresponding location compared with the thickness or material thickness at another location with respect to the same direction.

Through this taper, for example, the entire cross section of the dismantling element 300 circumferential rejuvenation, deliberately becomes a weak spot in the disassembly element 300 introduced, on which the dismantling element 300 at a force transverse to the insertion direction 800 is deflected as it is in 4c is shown. By the shape of the taper and the tapering contribution (.DELTA.D) can be selectively adjust the force at which the disassembly element with its disassembly element axis 310 opposite the handle axis 210 is deflected. By means of a special shaping or by a shaping procedure or by a thermal treatment process, for example, a bistable or a stable / metastable state is also deliberately eaten into the desired bending point 350 contribute.

In the bistable state, the structure goes on reaching a stability limit, for. B. when exceeding a non-zero crossing limit force, abruptly from the original equilibrium position in a new equilibrium position. The equilibrium positions correspond to thermodynamically stable states, ie local or global energy minima in the hypersurface of the energy states. For the purposes of this application, the bistable characteristic is assigned to the category defined above for a "reversible reversible" deflection. The excess limit force, for example, by the choice of material of the dismantling element or by the choice of a buffer element according to 2 to be influenced. Preferably, the limit exceeding force is at least 3 times, more preferably at least 5 times, that force which is releasing force across a direction of insertion of the disassembly tool into the contact chamber of the connector, which is necessary to lock in the contact chamber of the connector Connector securely latched electrical plug contact. The excess limit force should be at most 50 times this dissolving force, preferably at most 30 times that dissolving force, and most preferably at most 15 times that dissolving power. Thus, for various applications tailored to the application and possible tolerances in the dissolving forces disassembly tools with different levels of excess limit forces can be created.

In the stable / metastable state, the structure goes on reaching a stability limit, eg. B. when exceeding a non-zero crossing limit force, abruptly from the original equilibrium position in a new location over, with the new location z. B. is associated with larger or different deflections and is metastable, d. H. after the end of the force action or when the force is released, it seeks to return to the stable equilibrium position. In German usage, such stable / metastable states are also known, for example, as the "crackpot frog principle". For the purposes of the application, this expression is to be assigned to the category of "elastically reversible" deflection defined above.

This z. B. causes that when exceeding an excess limit force, the dismantling element 300 with its free end opposite the handle axis 210 is deflected and in this deflected state either stable remains (bistable embodiment) or that the disassembly element 300 is returned from the deflected, metastable state falls below an undercutting limit force back to its original state, in which the handle axis 210 as exemplified, parallel to the dismantling element axis 310 runs. In another embodiment, the taper can only along one of the transverse to the insertion 800 extending spatial directions be formed, so that the dismantling element 300 only in a single direction across the direction of insertion 800 at the target bending point 350 is specifically deflected.

5 provides an example of a disassembly tool 100 which is not an embodiment of the invention. In this example, the target bending point is 350 through a bending area 360 educated. The dismantling element 300 points in the bending area 360 a bending region material (M1) having a lower elastic modulus than the at least one remaining material (M2) from which the outside of the bending region 360 lying areas of the dismantling element 300 are formed. In the illustrated embodiment, the bending element consists 300 outside the bending area 360 only from a single further material (M2), whereby also several materials can be provided. For example, this consists of at least one remaining material of the dismantling element 300 made of hardened steel, while the bending area material (M1) is made of spring steel. An embodiment of the remaining material (M2) made of a hardened elastomer, for example rubber, and the bending region material (M1) made of an elastic elastomer is also conceivable.

6 shows a contact chamber 510 a connector 500 in which an electrical plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 along a plug contact insertion direction 602 is plugged in. The electrical plug contact 600 is in this embodiment by means of a contact chamber 510 specified further locking element 592 in the contact chamber 510 against pulling out against the plug contact insertion 602 locked or locked. The further locking element 610 is for example in the form of a transverse to the plug contact insertion 602 protruding lance formed with an insertion bevel, which upon insertion of the electrical plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 to the outside, that is transverse to the plug contact insertion direction 602 from the electrical plug contact 600 away, resiliently can be deflected and springs back after completion of the insertion into its original position, ie inwards, towards the electrical plug contact 600 , In this spring-back state, the further locking element is supported 592 with an electrical plug contact 600 assigning lead 594 at one of the plug contact 600 transverse to the plug-in direction projecting plug contact projection 694 such that a pulling out of the electrical plug contact 600 against its plug contact insertion 602 by means of the locking element 610 is blocked.

The further locking element can be achieved by a disassembly tool according to the invention 100 according to the embodiments of the 2 to 4 solve easily and safely by removing the dismantling tool 100 through the dismantling opening 530 is pushed in and the lead 594 the further locking element 592 engages below. 6 shows only a sample dismantling tool 100 ; the example shown does not correspond to an embodiment according to the invention. By a force across the handle axis 210 in the direction of the arrow (F) in the 6 can the further locking element 594 from the plug contact 600 pushed so far away that the projection 594 no longer the plug contact projection 694 is blocked and the plug contact 600 in the direction of its removal direction 604 (ie opposite to the insertion direction 602 ) can be pulled out of the contact chamber. The force to release the lock corresponds to the release force. If the release force is clearly exceeded and, for example, exceeds an excess limit force, the dismantling element is deflected with its dismounting element axis relative to the handle axis and prevents an excessive force entry on the plug arrangement.

The in the 2 to 4 illustrated embodiments are individually executable or arbitrarily combined with each other and limit the scope of the disassembly tool according to the invention 100 not a. Thus, for example, embodiments are conceivable in which a desired bending point 350 of the dismantling element 300 both has a taper of its diameter (D) or its thickness and consists of a material which is more elastic than the at least one remaining material (M2) of the dismantling element 300 and in which the dismantling element 300 with the interposition of a buffer element 250 from a holding element 220 of the handle 200 overlapped and by means of the retaining element 220 on the handle 200 is fixed. In the same way, the disassembly tool is suitable 100 also for other professional, not shown here again releasable locking elements, for example, a plug contact 600 against unintentional withdrawal from a contact chamber 510 to secure

In another embodiment, not shown here, the target bending point 350 of the dismantling element 300 for example, by a along the insertion 800 slidable locking element of the dismantling tool 100 blockable, so that when activated locking or locking a deflection of the dismantling element 300 at a direction transverse to the insertion 800 on the handle 200 acting force (F) is no longer possible. This advantageously causes the release of the locking of the in the contact chamber 510 of the connector 500 latched plug contact 600 Controlled is also possible if an increased force is necessary in unforeseen ways, for example, by corrosion or an unforeseen jamming of the plug contact 600 in the contact chamber 510 ,

Claims (11)

Disassembly tool ( 100 ) for unlocking a in a contact chamber ( 510 ) of a connector ( 500 ) latched electrical plug contact ( 600 ) comprising a box-like handle ( 200 ), whereby the handle ( 200 ) a handle axis ( 210 ), one with the handle ( 200 ) connected mandrel-like disassembly element ( 300 ), wherein the dismantling element ( 300 ) along its longitudinal extent a disassembly element axis ( 310 ), wherein in the unloaded state of the dismantling tool ( 100 ) the handle axis ( 210 ) and the dismantling element axis ( 310 ) parallel to each other, wherein the dismantling element ( 300 ) opposite the handle axis ( 210 ) is at least partially deflectable, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) in a handle ( 200 ) facing mounting area ( 320 ) of the dismantling element ( 300 ) of one on the handle ( 200 ) formed holding element ( 220 ) and in this holding element ( 220 ) with at least one intermediate between the attachment area ( 320 ) and the retaining element ( 220 ), elastic or reversibly deformable buffer element ( 250 ) is captively secured or clamped. Disassembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) opposite the handle axis ( 210 ) is at least partially elastically reversible deflectable or reversible deflectable reversible. Disassembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic buffer element ( 250 ) in a cross section transverse to the handle axis ( 210 ) has a thickness at least the diameter (D) of the dismantling element ( 300 ) across the handle axis ( 210 ) corresponds. Disassembly tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the retaining element ( 220 ) and the elastic buffer element ( 250 ) in an extension direction parallel to the handle axis ( 210 ) extend over a length, at least 4 times the diameter (D) of the dismantling element ( 300 ) across the handle axis ( 210 ) is. Disassembly tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) at least in regions by up to 30 °, in particular by up to 45 °, relative to the handle axis ( 210 ) of the handle ( 200 ) is deflectable. Disassembly tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) opposite the handle axis ( 210 ) when crossing one transverse to the handle axis ( 210 ) acting exceedance limit force against the handle axis ( 210 ) is deflected at least partially and that the dismantling element ( 300 ) in the deflected state when an undershooting limit force is undershot across the handle axis ( 210 ) automatically with its dismantling element axis ( 310 ) parallel to the handle axis ( 210 ). Dismantling tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the limit exceeding force 5 times to 15 times that of a force across a plug-in direction ( 800 ) of the dismantling tool ( 100 ) into the contact chamber ( 510 ) of the connector ( 500 ), which is necessary to lock the in the contact chamber ( 510 ) of the connector ( 500 ) latched electrical plug contact ( 600 ) to solve safely. Disassembly tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) is integrally formed. Disassembly tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) in a handle ( 200 ) facing mounting area ( 320 ) a desired bending point ( 350 ) having. Disassembly tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the desired bending point ( 350 ) by a taper of a diameter (D) of the dismantling element ( 300 ) transverse to the disassembly element axis ( 310 ) is executed in the unloaded state. Disassembly tool according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the dismantling element ( 300 ) in a bending area ( 360 ) of the desired bending point ( 350 ) is formed by a bending region material (M1), which has a lower modulus of elasticity than the at least one remaining material from which the outside of the bending region ( 360 ) lying areas of the dismantling element ( 300 ) are formed.

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