DE102013104225A1 - Method and device for air conditioning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for air conditioning rooms, wherein the room air is dehumidified in a first circuit by means of an absorbent for water and for this purpose the room air is passed over or through the absorbent, the absorbent in for regeneration of the absorbent and for driving out the absorbed moisture heated air flows through a second circuit and the heated air absorbs the expelled moisture and is then cooled, the moisture being allowed to condense on cold surfaces and the condensate being collected or discharged, as well as a device for this.

Description

The invention relates to a method for conditioning rooms and a device therefor.

Efforts to save energy and, in particular, to limit energy costs have in the past led, in particular, to buildings being very laboriously insulated or new buildings to be constructed using very elaborate insulation techniques.

In the case of old refurbishment, there is a problem here in that existing buildings are designed with regard to their construction in such a way that, in interaction with the moisture balance, air transport and cold zones, a pleasant living climate is created. In many existing buildings, these types of construction have simply resulted from the circumstances of the building materials of the past in this way.

Subsequent insulation intervenes in such old stocks in these balances and changes or shifts existing equilibria.

If a building physics and building biology condition is to be achieved that previously corresponds to the living climate and, in particular, creates a healthy living environment, it is not sufficient, merely e.g. to bring about only an insulation. However, while thermal insulation is strongly promoted, this is not necessarily the case for the other necessary measures. In addition, further measures required are only considerably harder to implement than an insulation of the outer walls. In particular, forced ventilation systems, heat feedback systems, etc., which would be necessary in order to adjust the living environment accordingly, should be mentioned here. It is therefore often the case that only an insulation is applied and the residents are asked to ventilate frequently.

Another cause of bad indoor climate can be when, although no thermal insulation is performed, but new windows are installed. While older windows often have a certain amount of leakage, modern windows can close very tightly and thereby significantly lower the air exchange rate in the correspondingly modernized rooms. In this way, on the one hand, the humidity in the room can rise, so that the ceilings and walls become ever wetter. In addition, the window is no longer the coldest part of the apartment, but walls or ceilings. This can lead to mold infestation from near-surface humidities of approx. 67% to 70% relative humidity. Nearly all mold fungi grow at 80% relative humidity.

It is referred to Hans Westfeld, "Housing Ventilation and Development Business - Luxury or Duty?", In: The private real estate industry, 66th year, issue 1/2012 ,

The related problems are also out "Help! Mold in the house, causes - effects - remedy ", Federal Environment Agency Guide, as of August 2006 , known.

In addition, a guideline for the prevention, investigation, evaluation and remediation of indoor mold growth (mold fungus guide) was prepared by the Federal Environment Agency's Indoor Air Hygiene Commission, dated November 2002.

As already mentioned, due to insulation as well as window replacement, often due to the EnEV building, buildings must become increasingly dense so that now ventilation must be provided. The energy or heat loss through ventilation, especially in winter is undesirable, so that meanwhile very expensive additional ventilation with heat recovery systems would have to be installed.

The problem is basically that the request to residents, they should ventilate to remove moisture, resulting in such ventilation arrangements by the residents can not be maintained. For example, residents who work during the day can not ventilate, unless they leave the windows permanently in an at least tilted position. On the one hand, this leads to energy losses that are significantly higher than the losses that are to be prevented by the insulation. In addition, the soffits and falls cool down too much, so that here cold bridges are created, on which in turn the dew point of the room air drops so far that it comes to moisture and mold.

Basically, it is possible to set rooms with dehumidifying units to a specific room humidity.

In this context, for example, the company Trotec or the company REMKO offer equipment in which active by condensation drying, the water of the air moisture is actively removed.

Such devices certainly work reliably. The disadvantage, however, is that such devices are not sufficient as stand-alone devices to adequately dehumidify an apartment or a house. If a plurality of such devices used, their power consumption should consume a good part of the energy saved by the insulation again.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for air conditioning of rooms, which works simple, effective, inexpensive and quiet.

The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

Advantageous developments are characterized in the subclaims.

It is another object to provide a device for air conditioning rooms, with which the rooms can be air-conditioned effectively and inexpensively.

The object is achieved with the features of claim 7.

Advantageous developments are characterized in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the water from the room air (the "humidity") is removed automatically, the method provides that the device regenerates itself. This is due to the design of the device both the wall, but also window installation possible. The desired, in particular lower, air humidity can be determined by a conventional control, i. a setpoint-actual-value control, are set. Thermal bridges, moisture production by washing clothes, showers, bathing, large aquariums, etc. are then unproblematic, since the moisture is lowered regardless of their cause. Accordingly, walls and ceilings can dry out and no longer become moist, so that mold fungi can no longer grow. The system operates automatically and has a low power consumption, so that the energy savings through insulation or window replacement can fully take effect. In this case, such a device is relatively inexpensive, so that the investment costs are kept low in this respect.

In the method according to the invention for air conditioning of rooms, the room air is dehumidified in a first cycle by means of an absorbent for water and this the room air passed over or through the absorbent, wherein for the regeneration of the absorbent and for expelling the absorbed moisture, the absorbent in a second cycle flows through heated air and the heated air absorbs the expelled moisture and then cooled, the moisture is allowed to condense on cold surfaces and the condensate is collected or removed.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first circuit and the second circuit are separable from each other.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the absorbent is flowed through with the first circuit for a predetermined time or up to a certain saturation with atmospheric humidity and / or up to a certain relative room humidity.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the loading of the desiccant with atmospheric moisture and / or the relative humidity of the ambient air are measured.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the second circuit for regenerating the desiccant for a certain time and / or alternating and / or after reaching a certain loading of the desiccant with humidity and / or after falling below a desired measured relative indoor air humidity is switched and operated ,

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention two absorption medium circuits are present, which are each connected in a similar manner with the second circuit, the two first circuits are operated alternately, so that a first absorption device in the first cycle dehumidifies the room air and a second absorption device in the first Circuit is regenerated with hot air.

The inventive device for air conditioning of rooms, which is designed in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that it has an absorption device and a temperature control and deposition, wherein the absorption device is a desiccant-containing chamber with at least one supply line and a derivative , wherein in a supply line and / or in a discharge, a fan, a fan or the like is arranged, which is capable of leading in the supply line air into the absorption device and through the absorption device to pass, wherein the temperature control and separation device a Chamber is, which is divided by means of a partition into two sub-chambers, wherein at least one Peltier element is present, which cool a sub-chamber and in particular there can cool existing fins and heat the sub-chamber and in particular existing heat fins ka nn, wherein from the warm sub-chamber, a line leads into the supply line of the absorption device and leads from the absorption device a derivative as a supply line to a cold sub-chamber of the temperature and separation device and from the cold sub-chamber of the tempering and separating device, a line is guided as a supply line into the warm part chamber of the tempering and separating device, so that a space to be dehumidified and an air-carrying supply line and an air-conducting discharge form a first circuit and the absorption device and a air-conducting line to the cold sub-chamber, the line from the cold sub-chamber to the warm sub-chamber and the derivative of the warm sub-chamber to the absorption device forms a second circuit, which by flaps, valves or the like in the lines or flaps or valves in the lines of the first or second circuit can be switched.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the partition wall is formed by the Peltier element.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the absorption device and the temperature control and separation device with the sub-chambers is formed integrally or within a housing, wherein no pipes between the devices, but only corresponding openings or the like are formed between the devices.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the condensate generated in the cold part chamber can be discharged via an outlet or fed to a catching device.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, two absorption devices are provided, which are arranged cooperatively with the separation device, wherein the line branches to the two absorption devices and two lines of the absorption devices open into a common line, each absorption device has the lines to the room and flaps are present, wherein in the region of the branching in the lines each flaps are arranged such that the absorption means are arranged alternately operable.

The invention will be explained by way of example with reference to two drawings.

It show here:

1 the device according to the invention in the regeneration operation,

2 : the device according to the invention in the dehumidifying operation.

The device according to the invention 1 ( 1 . 2 ) has an absorption unit 2 and a tempering and separating device 3 ,

The absorption device 2 is preferably a chamber or a closed space which is filled with a desiccant, filled with a drying cartridge or otherwise having a desiccant. Suitable drying agents are known and are, for example, in particular silica gel. The absorption device is designed to flow through and has an air-carrying supply line and an air-conducting discharge. In the air-carrying supply line is preferably a fan 4 , a fan 4 or the like, which is capable of, in the supply line existing air in the absorption device 2 and by the absorption device 2 through the drainage. Behind the absorption device branches the derivative.

The tempering and separation device 3 is a chamber 5 that by means of a partition 6 in two sub-chambers 7 and 8th is divided. In the area of the partition 6 is in the partition or the partition forming a Peltier element 9 present, being of the Peltier element 9 preferably temperature distribution ribs 10 into the respective chamber 7 . 8th protrude. Here is the sub-chamber 7 with the cold side of the Peltier element 9 in contact while the sub-chamber 8th with the warm side of the Peltier element 9 is in contact. From the sub-chamber 7 is a line running 11 to a warm side or in the sub-chamber 8th and from this sub-chamber 8th from another line 12 to the absorption device 2 , From the absorption device 2 is a line running 13 turn to the chamber 7 , which with the cold side of the Peltier element 9 connected is. The lines are all arranged so that the system from the absorption device 2 as well as the tempering and separating device 3 with the sub-chambers 7 and 8th can be flowed through freely and in particular with the help of the fan 4 or fans 4 can be flowed through freely here. Behind the absorption device 2 is also a directed into a room to be ventilated line 15 present, so that the of the absorption device 2 Outgoing line in the sub-chamber 7 walking line 13 and the lead to the room 15 bifurcates. In both lines 13 . 15 is the absorption chamber 2 one flap each 16 . 18 downstream, which alternately the wires 15 . 13 are arranged closable and openable.

In the line 12 , which from the sub-chamber 8th to the absorption device 2 runs, is also such a flap 19 in front of the fan 4 arranged, which is to be ventilated from the room, coming, also a line 14 in which a flap 17 is arranged before the absorber 2 and in front of the fan 4 into the pipe 12 empties. A gas flow can thus optionally from a room to be ventilated by a line 14 with an open flap 17 by means of the fan 4 through the absorption device 2 and behind the absorber 2 along a pipe 15 and with an open flap 16 be returned to a room. Optionally, the flaps 17 . 16 closed to the room, so that a gas flow under connection of the Peltier element 9 from the "warm" compartment 8th along the line 12 past the open flap 19 and with the help of the fan 4 in the absorption chamber 2 and then out of the absorption chamber 2 out along the pipeline 13 through the opened flap 18 into the "cold" compartment 7 is guided and out of the cold compartment 7 out with the administration 11 into the "warm" compartment 8th is guided, whereby the cycle is closed.

The circuit according to the first mode of operation, wherein the space to be ventilated is ventilated, is in 2 shown.

The mode of operation or the method will be explained below. To shut down and dehumidify a room, the door will shut 14 opened and the fan 4 put into operation, as will the flap 16 opened, the flaps 19 . 18 are closed. The room air is through the fan 4 through the supply line 14 , through the absorption device 2 and in particular passed through the desiccant, and leaves after the moisture to the desiccant via the line 15 and through the open flap 16 again the absorber 2 and returns to the room to be air conditioned. Here, the humidity of the room air on the one hand, and the moisture of the absorption device 2 on the other hand, so that when the same or the achievement of a desired room humidity or relative humidity in the room, the fan 4 is stopped and set in motion again, if a new room humidification is necessary.

In addition, the desiccant is regenerated either at regular intervals or after measuring a maximum load with moisture. These regeneration phases can also take place when the room air is sufficiently dehumidified or at fixed intervals alternately between room dehumidification and regeneration are performed.

This will be the flaps 16 . 17 closed and the flaps 18 . 19 open. The Peltier element 9 is put into operation and after commissioning of the fan or fan 4 gets out of the "warm" compartment 8th the tempering and separating device 3 warm air along the pipe 12 at the open flap 19 over by the fan 4 through into the absorption device 2 guided. This warm air heats the desiccant, whereby the moisture escapes or is expelled from the desiccant. The warm air absorbs the moisture and guides it to the flap 18 past the line 13 into the "cold" compartment 7 , In the cold compartment 7 the moisture hits the cold side of the Peltier element 9 and in particular at corresponding temperature control surfaces or devices 10 down and can be collected as condensate or through an outlet 20 out eg into the open or into a sewer line. The cooled air in the cold compartment 7 is then along the line 11 into the "warm" compartment 8th led there, in particular at the Temperaturleiteinrichtungen 10 warmed up and then leaves the "warm" compartment 8th through the pipe 12 to be redirected to the desiccant.

absorber 2 as well as tempering and separating device 3 with the sub-chambers 7 . 8th may also be formed in one piece or as a housing, so that no physical piping between these devices 2 . 3 must be formed, but only corresponding openings or the like.

In a further advantageous embodiment, two absorption devices are connected in parallel 2 present, so that each line 12 as well as the line 13 share and from the line 12 from one line to a respective absorption device 2 runs, as well as from any absorption device 2 one line each, which is in the common line 13 empties. This makes it possible, especially if at the branches in the lines 12 and 13 Flaps are present to operate alternately two absorption devices and in particular to regenerate an absorber, while the other absorption device dehumidifies room air. Accordingly, two absorption devices each with the supply lines 12 . 14 and derivatives 13 . 15 and the associated flaps 16 . 17 and 18 . 19 as well as the fan 4 available.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a plurality of such absorption devices 2 available.

In the invention, it is advantageous that rooms can be dehumidified effectively in a simple, cost-effective and energy-saving manner.

It is advantageous that the device 1 can be built relatively compact and, for example, in the manner of a radiator on a wall, but also in a wall or in a window can be arranged.

With the invention, it is thus possible in an energy-saving manner, on the one hand to effectively insulate the rooms and, on the other hand, to sensibly air-condition them without forced ventilation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

Absorbance unit / Equipment / ventricle

3

separating

4

Fan, blower or the like

5

chamber

6

partition wall

7

member chamber

8th

member chamber

9

Peltierlement

10

Temperaturleitfläche / Equipment

11

management

12

management

13

management

14

management

15

management

16

flap

17

flap

18

flap

19

flap

20

outlet

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• Hans Westfeld, "Housing Ventilation and Property Development - Luxury or Duty?", In: The Private Real Estate Industry, Volume 66, Issue 1/2012 [0007]
• "Help! Mold in the house, causes - effects - remedy ", Federal Environment Agency Guide, as of August 2006 [0008]

Claims (11)

A method for air-conditioning of rooms, wherein the room air is dehumidified in a first circuit by means of an absorbent for water and for this purpose the room air is passed over or through the absorbent, wherein for the regeneration of the absorbent and for expelling the absorbed moisture, the absorbent in a second cycle flows through heated air and the heated air absorbs the expelled moisture and then cooled, the moisture is allowed to condense on cold surfaces and the condensate is collected or removed. A method of air conditioning according to claim 1, characterized in that the first circuit and the second circuit are separable from each other. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the absorbent is flowed through with the first circuit for a predetermined time or up to a certain saturation with atmospheric humidity and / or up to a certain relative humidity of the room. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading of the desiccant with atmospheric moisture and / or the relative humidity of the ambient air are measured. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second circuit for regenerating the desiccant for a certain time and / or alternately and / or after the achievement of a certain loading of the desiccant with humidity and / or after falling below a desired measured relative indoor air humidity switched and operated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two absorption medium circuits are present, which are each connected in a similar manner with the second circuit, wherein the first two circuits are operated alternately, so that a first absorption device in the first circuit dehumidifies the room air and a second absorption device is regenerated in the first cycle with hot air. Device for air-conditioning rooms, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device ( 1 ) an absorption device ( 2 ) and a tempering and separating device ( 3 ), wherein the absorption device ( 2 ) is a chamber containing a desiccant with at least one supply line and a derivative, wherein in a supply line and / or in a discharge a fan ( 4 ), a blower ( 4 ) or the like, which is capable of introducing air present in the supply line into the absorption device ( 2 ) and by the absorption device ( 2 ), whereby the tempering and separating device ( 3 ) is a chamber, which by means of a partition ( 6 ) into two subchambers ( 7 . 8th ), wherein at least one Peltier element ( 9 ), which is a partial chamber ( 7 ) and in particular there existing cooling fins ( 10 ) and the partial chamber ( 8th ) and in particular existing heat fins ( 10 ), whereby from the warm compartment ( 8th ) a line in the supply line of the absorption device ( 2 ) and from the absorption device ( 2 ) a derivative as a supply line to a cold partial chamber ( 7 ) of the tempering and separating device ( 3 ) and from the cold compartment ( 7 ) of the tempering and separating device ( 3 ) a line as a supply line into the warm compartment chamber ( 8th ) of the tempering and separating device is guided, so that a space to be dehumidified and an air-carrying supply line ( 14 ) and an air-conducting derivative ( 15 ) form a first circuit and the absorption device ( 2 ) and an air-conducting line to the cold sub-chamber ( 7 ) The administration ( 11 ) from the cold compartment to the warm compartment ( 8th ) as well as the derivation from the warm compartment ( 8th ) to the absorption device ( 2 ) forms a second circuit, whereby by flaps ( 18 ), Valves or the like ( 18 . 19 ) in the pipes ( 12 . 13 ) or flaps or valves ( 16 . 17 ) in the pipes ( 14 . 15 ) the first or second circuit can be switched. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the partition ( 6 ) by the Peltier element ( 9 ) is formed. Device according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the absorption device ( 2 ) as well as the tempering and separating device ( 3 ) with the sub-chambers ( 7 . 8th ) is formed integrally or within a housing, wherein no pipelines between the devices ( 2 . 3 ), but only corresponding openings or the like are formed between the devices. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that in the cold part chamber ( 7 ) produced condensate via an outlet ( 20 ) Abführbar or a catcher can be fed. Device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that two absorption devices ( 2 ) are present, which with the separation device ( 3 ) are arranged cooperatively, wherein the line ( 12 ) to the both absorption devices ( 2 Branched and two lines ( 13 ) of the absorption devices ( 2 ) into a common line ( 13 ), each absorption device being connected via the lines ( 14 . 15 ) to the room and flaps ( 16 . 17 . 18 . 19 ) are present, wherein in the region of the branch in the lines ( 12 . 13 ) each flaps are arranged such that the absorption devices are arranged alternately operable.

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