DE102013100998A1 - Blower for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a blower (10) for a motor vehicle, in particular a blower (10) for a heating air conditioner and / or an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising: - a compressed air generator (14) for generating compressed air and - a sheath flow nozzle (12) for ejecting the compressed air as a sheath flow (34, 34a, 34b, 34c), the supply air (32), in particular the sheath flow nozzle (12) via a supply air supply (20), in the form of a central flow (36, 36a , 36b, 36c).

Description

The present invention relates to a blower for a motor vehicle, in particular to a blower for a heating air conditioner and / or an engine of a motor vehicle. The invention further relates to a method for ventilating a motor vehicle and to an arrangement of a fan and a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle.

Motor vehicle fans come z. B. in the engine cooler used. Typically, a fan is provided with rotating rotor blades and leads outside air for cooling the engine water and / or the condenser of the air conditioner. The air thus heated can be used simultaneously for heating the vehicle cabin. In fans of this kind, an asymmetrical division of the rotors and an optimized flow profile of the rotor blades are used in the prior art. However, it is a problem in the prior art that such fans develop a significant operating noise during operation that is perceived as unpleasant in the vehicle cab. Another problem is that the large rotor blades over time accumulate dirt and difficult to clean from the outside. In this respect, can not always be ensured that z. B. the engine water or the condenser of the refrigerant circuit can be sufficiently cooled.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a blower and a method for ventilating a vehicle, in which one or more of said problems does not occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

• – einen Drucklufterzeuger zur Erzeugung von Druckluft und
• – eine Mantelstrom-Düse zum Ausstoßen der Druckluft als Mantelstrom, der inVersorgungsluft, insbesondere der Mantelstrom-Düse über ee Versorgungsluft-Zuführung zugeführte Versorgungsluft, in Form eines Zentralstroms mitreißt.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blower for a motor vehicle, in particular for a heating air conditioner and / or an engine of a motor vehicle, the blower comprising:

• - A compressed air generator for generating compressed air and
• - A sheath flow nozzle for ejecting the compressed air as a sheath stream, the entrains inVersorgungsluft, in particular the sheath flow nozzle via ee supply air supply supply air, in the form of a central flow.

• – Erzeugen von Druckluft, Zuführen der Druckluft zu einer Düse,
• – Ausstoßen der Druckluft aus der Düse in Form eines Mantelstroms und
• – Mitreißen von Versorgungsluft als Zentralstrom innerhalb des Mantelstroms.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for ventilating a motor vehicle, in particular for ventilating a Heizklimageräts and / or an engine of the motor vehicle, comprising the steps:

• Generating compressed air, supplying the compressed air to a nozzle,
• - ejecting the compressed air from the nozzle in the form of a sheath flow and
• - entrainment of supply air as the central flow within the sheath current.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the subclaims.

The blower according to the invention can be used for example as a car front fan, which cools the radiator of the engine water and / or the condenser of the air conditioner. According to the invention, it is possible that the majority of the supplied supply air is discharged as a central flow from the fan, wherein the central flow is not driven by rotor blades, but is entrained by the sheath current. Experiments have shown that the acceleration of the air by rotor blades accounts for a large part of the noise, whereas the entrainment of the central flow according to the invention causes a significantly lower noise level. By a certain amount of accelerated sheath flow while a multiple of air volume can be entrained as a central stream. A similar principle has z. B. proved in the Dyson fan or jet engines as very efficient.

It is understood that the sheath flow nozzle in this case not only has a punctiform opening, but that the opening is designed according to the invention typically linear or linear with interruptions, so that a suitable for entrainment of the central flow sheath flow can be generated. The contour of the bypass nozzle must not be closed here, it is also possible that open line sections are provided. A possibly lower fluidic efficiency is accepted.

The blower according to the invention essentially operates without rotor blades. The compressed air generator can be realized in the form of a compressor, wherein rotor blades are used in certain embodiments in the compressor. Since the compressor is advantageously used only for generating the compressed air for the sheath flow, many of the disadvantages of using rotor blades can nevertheless be avoided, since the rotor blades in the compressor are substantially smaller than the main rotor blades in a conventional blower.

Typically, the compressed air generator is a compressor or similar device that is powered by electrical power or (indirectly) by a gasoline engine. It is also according to the invention conceivable that at high speed of the vehicle from the airstream compressed air is generated to generate the sheath current.

The central stream can be routed as usual via heating heat exchanger or evaporator of the air conditioner, supplied by outdoor or circulating air of the vehicle cabin as supply air. In other embodiments of the invention, the supply air can also be partially or completely supplied from the inside air of the vehicle cabin.

The supply air supply may supply supply air from outside the motor vehicle. The supply air supply can also supply air to the compressed air generator. In other embodiments of the invention, the compressed air generator is supplied separately with air.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the compressed air of the sheath flow nozzle from the compressed air generator through a line with a muffler, in particular a pipe muffler, is supplied.

By vibrations of the compressed air generator, z. As a compressor, and the high pressure and the high speed of the air accelerated by the compressed air generator can lead to a noise in the supply of compressed air, which can be counteracted with the muffler.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the supply air supply has a first line, in particular a first tube or a first tube, and the supply of compressed air to the bypass nozzle via a second line, in particular a second tube or a second line is performed, wherein the second conduit is at least partially disposed within the first conduit.

It is thus possible that only one line is laid in the vehicle, but still a multiplication according to the invention of the amount of air moved is possible.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the outflow opening of the bypass nozzle has an oval, in particular a circular, or a rectangular contour.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the outflow opening is formed as a gap between two substantially parallel surfaces, in particular wherein the outflow opening is interrupted by spacers arranged between the parallel surfaces.

The outflow opening can therefore be designed in the form of an outflow gap. The substantially parallel surfaces of the sheath flow nozzle can be formed completely parallel or they can be arranged in different embodiments of the invention parallel or at most +/- 3 ° deviating from the parallelism. The outflow opening may have spacers that stabilize the parallel surfaces to each other, so that even at high pressures, the stability of the arrangement is ensured.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, provision is made for a wall, in particular a wall oriented parallel to the outflow direction, to be arranged in the outflow direction behind the outflow opening, on the surface of which the jacket flow moves along.

According to this embodiment, the sheath flow due to the Coandă effect can be attracted by the wall of the sheath flow nozzle and flow along the wall. As a result, a particularly uniform sheath flow can be achieved. This allows u. a. a particularly low noise level.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the bypass flow nozzle is arranged so that the bypass flow is directed to particularly heated locations in the engine compartment, in particular an exhaust manifold or a turbocharger.

The turbocharger cooling can be done by charge air supplied supply current and sheath current. A special regulation (eg via valves) is not necessary here, since the cooling requirement of the turbocharger is accompanied by available charge air. Oil separation between the charge air and the sheath connection should ensure that no oil drops get onto the hot turbocharger housing.

With the blower according to the invention can thus be carried out a targeted reduction of operating temperatures at critical points in the engine compartment. It can be combined in the engine compartment and a plurality of fans according to the invention, wherein the compressed air supply to the individual sheath flow nozzles can be controlled individually. The sheath flow and the entrained central flow can thus be adapted to the respective required cooling capacity.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the fan at least a first sheath flow nozzle for discharging the compressed air as the first sheath flow, the one entrains first central stream and at least a second sheath flow nozzle for ejecting the compressed air as the second sheath flow, the second sheath flow entrained by the sheath flow of the first sheath flow nozzle entrained first central stream.

With the same orientation of the sheath flow direction (for example in the direction of travel to the rear) adds their effect, so that the external air mass flow is increased to the supplied point. The first and the at least second sheath flow nozzle can be supplied via the same compressed air generator or it can be provided a plurality of compressed air generator, which supply the individual sheath flow nozzles separately with compressed air.

Sheath-flow nozzles with driving sheath flow are also usable according to the invention for suction - combinable with supply air nozzles without driving sheath flow.

A series connection of several sheath flow nozzles can, for. B. be useful when Heizklimagerät where sometimes sets a longer path of the actual supply air, a significant pressure drop, which reduces the desired sheath flow. Due to the multi-stage connection of sheath flow nozzles, which are distributed over the run length of the air lines, the pressure differences acting on the central flow add up. Here, several silencers can be used. The silencer effect can be achieved, for example, by microperforated surfaces that do not require a defined external absorber material.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the sheath flow nozzle has a plurality of nozzle areas for generating a plurality of individual sheath flows, wherein the pressures of the individual sheath flows are individually controllable.

By suitable control of the pressures of the individual sheath currents, the orientation of the total flow (consisting of the individual sheath flows and the entrained individual central flows) can thus be specifically controlled. This eliminates the need for mechanical blinds and it is still a continuous adjustment of the overall emission direction possible. A temporal variance of the individual jacket currents can support comfort-oriented ventilation concepts that supplement static flow conditions with occasional stronger influxes of the vehicle occupants, for example, with slightly cooler air.

The emission direction of the sheath flow nozzle can be controlled similarly to an adjustable shutter when the individual sections of the nozzle contour receive different sheath currents. Through temporal variation, cabin air conditioning comfort programs can be displayed (eg palm-frond effects of an occasional cooler influx of vehicle occupants without causing health risks due to steady-state flow, such as muscle tensions).

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the sheath flow nozzle has a maximum diameter between 10 and 100 cm, in particular between 25 and 75 cm, and / or the outflow opening has a length between 50 and 200 cm and a width between 1 mm and 20 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 10 mm.

As maximum diameter is z. B. to look at an elliptical shape, the length of the longer semi-axis.

With the above-mentioned dimensions of the bypass nozzle, a particularly efficient ventilation in the engine compartment can be achieved. In particular, it has been shown that with a comparatively thin outflow opening, a particularly high velocity of the ejected jacket flow can be achieved, and thus also the central flow can be accelerated particularly high.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the volume flow of the central flow is at least 5 times as large, in particular at least 10 times as great, as the volume flow of the sheath flow.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention it is provided that the fan is arranged in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle immediately before and / or after the heat exchanger.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the first sheath flow nozzle of the blower is arranged on one side of the heat exchanger and the second sheath flow nozzle of the blower on the other side of the heat exchanger.

Such an arrangement allows maximum ventilation of the heat exchanger. With the same orientation of the sheath currents of the two sheath flow nozzles (eg, in the direction of travel to the rear) adds their effect, so that the outer air mass flow is increased at the heat exchangers.

It is understood that the abovementioned and those still to be explained below Characteristics can be used not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

1 a schematic representation of a blower according to an embodiment of the invention,

2 a schematic representation of a cross section of a conduit according to the invention for a central flow and a sheath flow, which are fed to a sheath flow nozzle and

3A to 3C schematic representations of the contours of various inventive sheath flow nozzles

This in 1 schematically illustrated blower 10 has a sheath flow nozzle 12 , a compressed air generator 14 in the form of a compressor and a central power supply 20 in the form of a first line. The compressor 14 is over a second line 22 with the bypass nozzle 12 connected. On a part of the connecting section between compressors 14 and sheath flow nozzle 12 is a pipe silencer 16 intended.

The compressor 14 sucks a first airflow 30 , compresses it and leads it over the line 22 the sheath flow nozzle to form the sheath flow 34 to. The sheath current 34 is over the entire contour of the bypass nozzle 12 ejected at high speed. This will be through the line 20 supplied supply air 32 with the in the bypass nozzle 12 generated sheath current 34 entrained and as accelerated central flow 36 pushed out.

At the in 1 illustrated embodiment of the invention, the supply of the central flow via a longer line 20 , In other embodiments of the invention, no such conduit is provided, that is, the bypass nozzle 12 draws their supply air 32 directly from the ambient air of the vehicle. In this case, a (in 1 not shown) may be provided to prevent dirt or other unwanted objects are drawn into the vehicle.

In 2 is the cross section of a pipe 40 a blower according to a second embodiment of the invention. The administration 40 serves to supply the supply air for the central stream. In addition, is in the line 40 a thinner wire 42 arranged for supplying the compressed air for the sheath flow. Both the line 40 as well as the inner line 42 can be designed as a rigid tube or as a flexible hose. Due to the increased pressure in the inner pipe 42 guided compressed air, the inner conduit preferably has a particular stability, for example by an increased hose thickness on.

3A shows a bypass nozzle with a closed oval contour. The generated sheath current 34a thus also has a closed oval contour.

Within the sheath current 34a becomes the central stream 36a carried away.

3B shows a sheath flow nozzle with an oval contour caused by interruptions 35 is interrupted. The generated sheath current 34b thus has an interrupted oval contour. Within the sheath current 34b becomes a central stream 36b entrained with oval outer contour.

Typically, according to the invention a central flow is entrained, which is guided within the sheath current. But they are, as in 3C also conceivable embodiments in which the central flow is not performed only within the sheath current. For example, in 3C a sheath flow nozzle shown in the linear openings of the nozzle sheath flows 34c generate a central stream 36c entrain, which is partly conducted inside and partly outside the central stream. In other embodiments of the invention, various combinations of line or punctiform openings of the bypass nozzle may be provided.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

fan

12

Ducted nozzle

14

compressor

16

silencer

20

First line

22

Second line

30

airflow

32

Supplied supply air

34, 34a, 34b, 34c

 ducted

35

interruption

36, 36a, 36b, 36c

 Central power

40

management

42

Inner pipe

Claims (15)

Blower ( 10 ) for a motor vehicle, in particular for a heating air conditioner and / or an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising: - a compressed air generator ( 14 ) for generating compressed air and - a bypass nozzle ( 12 ) for discharging the compressed air as a bypass flow ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ), the supply air ( 32 ), in particular the bypass flow nozzle ( 12 ) via a supply air supply ( 20 ) supplied supply air, in the form of a central flow ( 36 . 36a . 36b . 36c ). Blower ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air of the bypass nozzle ( 12 ) from the compressed air generator ( 14 ) through a line ( 22 ) with a silencer ( 16 ), in particular a pipe silencer ( 16 ) is supplied. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air supply ( 20 ) a first line ( 40 ), in particular a first tube or a first tube, and the supply of compressed air to the bypass nozzle ( 12 ) via a second line ( 42 ), in particular a second tube or a second line, wherein the second line ( 42 ) at least partially within the first conduit ( 40 ) is arranged. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath flow nozzle ( 12 ) has an outflow opening with an oval, in particular a circular, or a rectangular contour. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath flow nozzle ( 12 ) has an outflow opening formed as a space between two substantially parallel surfaces, the outflow opening preferably being interrupted by spacers disposed between the parallel surfaces. Blower ( 10 ) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the outflow direction behind the outflow opening a wall, in particular a parallel to the outflow direction oriented wall, is arranged, on whose surface the sheath flow ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ) moves along. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath flow nozzle ( 12 ) is arranged so that the sheath current ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ) is directed to particularly heated areas in the engine compartment, in particular an exhaust manifold or a turbocharger. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one first sheath flow nozzle ( 12 ) for discharging the compressed air as a first bypass flow, which entrains a first central flow and at least one second bypass flow nozzle ( 12 ) for discharging the compressed air as a second sheath flow, the second sheath flow entraining the first central flow entrained by the first sheath flow. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath flow nozzle ( 12 ) has a plurality of nozzle areas for generating a plurality of individual sheath currents, wherein the pressures of the individual sheath currents are individually controllable. Blower ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radiation opening of the bypass nozzle ( 12 ) has a maximum diameter between 10 and 100 cm, in particular between 25 and 75 cm, and / or the outflow opening has a length between 50 and 200 cm and a width between 1 mm and 20 mm, in particular between 2 mm and 10 mm, having. Method for ventilating a motor vehicle, in particular for ventilating a heating air-conditioning device and / or an engine of a motor vehicle, comprising the steps of: - generating compressed air, - supplying the compressed air to a bypass flow nozzle ( 12 ), - ejecting the compressed air from the bypass nozzle ( 12 ) in the form of a jacket current ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ) and - entrainment of supply air ( 32 ) as the central stream ( 36 . 36a . 36b . 36c ) within the sheath current ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ). Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the volume flow of the central flow ( 36 . 36a . 36b . 36c ) is at least 5 times as large, in particular at least 10 times as large, as the volume flow of the jacket stream ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ). Process according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the sheath flow ( 34 . 34a . 34b . 34c ) due to the Coandă effect of a wall of the bypass nozzle ( 12 ) is attracted and flows along the wall. Arrangement of a blower ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 and a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, characterized in that the blower ( 10 ) is arranged in the direction of travel of the motor vehicle immediately before and / or after the heat exchanger. Arrangement of a blower ( 10 ) according to claim 8 and a heat exchanger of a motor vehicle, characterized in that the first bypass nozzle ( 12 ) of the blower ( 10 ) on one side of the heat exchanger and the second bypass nozzle ( 12 ) of the blower ( 10 ) is arranged on the other side of the heat exchanger.

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