DE102012101845A1 - Method for connecting facing formwork with anchorage base by dowel system, involves placing gauge in expansion dowel, and applying test load on gauge for checking holding force of expansion dowel in facing formwork - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves setting a first expansion dowel (2) into a hole in an anchorage base, and setting a second expansion dowel (3) into the hole in a facing formwork, where the dowels are splayed by introducing an expansion element. A third expansion dowel is set in a test borehole in the facing formwork, and a gauge is placed in the third expansion dowel, where the third expansion dowel is braced. A test load is applied on the gauge for checking the holding force of the third expansion dowel in the facing formwork.

Description

The invention relates to a method for connecting a facing shell to an anchoring base having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

For connecting an attachment shell to an anchoring base, usually a dowel system is used, as described in the European patent application EP 0 928 901 A1 or in the German patent application DE 10 2011 051 378 is described. The dowel system has two expansion dowel and a spreading element for spreading and connecting the expansion dowel. The dowel system is anchored in the anchoring ground, for example a reinforced concrete wall, with the first expansion dowel. With the second expansion dowel the anchor system in the front shell, for example, a wall of facing brickwork, attached, so that the facing shell is connected to the anchoring ground on the anchor system. As a rule, the anchor system absorbs tensile and compressive forces which act on the facing shell and introduces the forces into the load-bearing anchoring ground.

• a) Bohren eines Bohrlochs durch die Vorsatzschale hindurch in den Verankerungsgrund;
• b) Setzen des ersten Spreizdübels in das Bohrloch im Verankerungsgrund und Setzen des zweiten Spreizdübels in das Bohrloch in der Vorsatzschale, wobei dies gleichzeitig erfolgen kann, beispielsweise wenn die beiden Spreizdübel als Dübelhülse einstückig miteinander verbunden sind, wie dies die oben genannten Patentanmeldungen zeigen; und
• c) Verspreizen der Spreizdübel durch Einbringen des Spreizelements.

The known method for connecting a facing shell to an anchoring base comprises the following steps:

• a) drilling a borehole through the facing shell into the anchoring ground;
• b) placing the first expansion dowel in the wellbore in the anchoring ground and setting the second expansion dowel in the wellbore in the front shell, this can be done simultaneously, for example, when the two expansion dowels are integrally connected as a dowel sleeve, as shown in the above-mentioned patent applications; and
• c) spreading the expansion dowels by introducing the expansion element.

For spreading a spreading portion is arranged on the expansion element, with which a spreading region of the first expansion anchor is spread. The spreading is formed in the known anchor systems as a thread, so that the expansion element is introduced in rotation in the first expansion dowel. The thread engages when screwing into the first expansion dowel and widens its expansion area, whereby the first expansion dowel is anchored in the anchoring ground. In this case, a draw-in section, which serves to spread a spreading area of the second expansion anchor, is drawn into the second expansion anchor, so that the second expansion anchor is spread and the anchor system is fastened in the facing shell.

The intake section is designed such that it can not penetrate automatically by the rotational movement in the expansion region of the second expansion anchor, in particular, it has no thread at a front in the direction of insertion. The draw-in section therefore does not generate propulsion in the axial direction even when it engages with a front section in the second dowel. The intake section must therefore be retracted by screwing the thread in the first expansion dowel in the second expansion dowel. This serves to check when setting the anchor system: If the thread does not engage in the first expansion dowel or if the first expansion dowel can not transfer a sufficiently large force into the anchoring base, it is not possible to rotate the draw-in section into the second expansion dowel. The installer can not set the dowel system thus. The intake section does not have to be designed completely without threads. As from the German patent application DE 10 2011 051 378 It is also known that a rear region of the draw-in section in the direction of insertion can be formed as a thread in order to reduce the torque required for introducing the expansion element into the anchor system. However, in this case too, no thread is arranged on the front section of the feed section in the feed direction, so that the control is ensured when setting the plug system.

A disadvantage of the known method is that after spreading the expansion dowel can not be determined whether the second expansion dowel is anchored in the attachment shell that a sufficiently large holding force can be transmitted from the second expansion dowel on the attachment shell. The installer only knows that the first expansion dowel is anchored as planned in the anchoring ground.

The object of the invention is therefore to propose a method for testing the holding force of the anchor system in the facing shell.

• d) Erstellen eines Prüfbohrlochs in der Vorsatzschale;
• e) Setzen eines dritten Spreizdübels in das Prüfbohrloch;
• f) Einbringen einer Prüflehre in den dritten Spreizdübel, wodurch der dritte Spreizdübel verspreizt wird; und
• g) Aufbringen einer Prüflast auf die Prüflehre zum Prüfen der Haltekraft des dritten Spreizdübels in der Vorsatzschale.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. According to the invention, the method comprises, in addition to the above-described steps a) to c) for setting the anchor system, the following steps:

• d) creating a test hole in the header;
• e) placing a third expansion anchor in the test well;
• f) introducing a test gauge in the third expansion dowel, whereby the third expansion dowel is spread; and
• g) applying a test load to the test gauge for testing the holding force of the third expansion anchor in the attachment shell.

In step d), a test drill hole is first created in the attachment shell. The dimensions of the Test boreholes correspond in particular to those of a borehole created in step a). If the facing shell is made of different building materials, it consists for example of a masonry with joints and bricks, the test hole is created especially where the lowest holding forces are expected, for example in a joint between two bricks. In particular, a borehole created in step a) can be used as a test borehole. In this case, after the completion of step g), the test gauge and the third expansion anchor can be removed, and the test hole can then be used for steps b) and c).

In particular, the steps d) to g) are carried out before the steps a) to c). In this case, first the holding force is determined via steps d) to g), via which the necessary number and the distances of the anchor systems required for connecting the facing shell to the anchoring base are determined. Then, the dowel systems are mounted (steps a) to c)), wherein the retraction section is retracted by screwing (driving) of the expansion section in the expansion region of the first expansion anchor in the expansion region of the second expansion anchor. In principle, however, it is also possible for steps d) to g) to take place after steps a) to c), or only after step a) if the borehole is to be used as a test borehole.

In step e), a third expansion dowel is placed in the test well. The setting of the third expansible plug into the test borehole is effected in particular such that its position in the test borehole substantially coincides with the position of a second expansible plug when it is inserted into a borehole in the facing shell in step b). If, for example, the second expansion dowel is inserted flush into a borehole in a joint between two bricks of a facing brickwork, the third expansion dowel can also be inserted flush into a test borehole that was created in a joint.

As step f), a test gauge is inserted into the third expansion dowel placed in the test drill hole, whereby the third expansion dowel is spread in the attachment shell. After spreading, a test load is applied to the gauge in step g). The test gauge may for this purpose have a connection device, for example in the form of a nail or screw head or a thread. The test load is applied to the test gauge, for example, by a pullout device, as described in the patent DE 27 47 329 C2 is known. The testing of the holding force can be done so that a defined test load is applied to the gauge, the test load is previously determined taking into account the expected load of the anchor system. Alternatively, the test load can be increased continuously until the header shell and / or the third expansion anchor and / or the test gauge fails. From the test load thus determined in case of failure of the mounting arrangement can then be determined by the attachment shell on the anchor system transferable holding force. According to the invention, the holding force of the anchor system in the facing shell is thus determined by the use of a third expansion anchor and a test gauge and transmitted to the anchor system. A check of the holding force of the actual anchor system in the attachment shell does not take place. The holding force according to the invention is determined substitute and independent of the anchor system by using a suitable combination of test gauge and third expansion dowel. In particular, the test according to the invention is independent of the anchorage in the anchoring reason. Steps e) to g) of the method according to the invention are a substitute test for the actual anchor system used to connect the facing shell to the anchoring base.

The test gauge is preferably designed such that the third expansion dowel spread in the test drill hole in the attachment shell substantially reaches the same holding force as a second expansion dowel spread through the draw-in section in a drill hole in the attachment shell. In particular, the geometry of the test gauge may differ from the geometry of the feed section. The geometry of the test gauge is optimized in particular for carrying out the replacement test for detecting the holding forces of the second expansion anchor of the anchor system, while the intake section is designed to demonstrate the scheduled anchoring of the first expansion anchor in the anchoring reason.

In order to create as comparable conditions as possible during the replacement test, it is further preferred that the spread area of the third expansion dowel to be spread open by means of the test gauge essentially corresponds to the expansion area of the second expansion dowel which is spread open by the pull-in section. In particular, the third expansible plug can be identical in construction to a second expansible plug, so that as few different elements as possible are necessary for the method according to the invention.

Preferably, the test gauge is introduced in step f) rotating in the third expansion dowel. Due to the rotary introduction, it is achieved that the test gauge can be introduced into the third expansion dowel independently, by means of a propulsion generated in the axial direction by the turning, into the third expansion dowel. An external tensile or compressive force, as it is transmitted to the dowel system from the expansion section when screwing in the first expansion dowel on the intake section, is not necessary for introducing the Prüflehre. This prevents the position of the third expansion anchor in the Test hole significantly changed when introducing the test gauge, as is the case for example, when the test gauge would be pressed or hammered into the third expansion dowel. An indentation or impact of the test gauge could cause the third expansion anchor would be pushed through the test hole in a space between the front shell and the anchoring ground by he can not be spread. A check of the holding force of the third expansion dowel in the front shell would not be possible. Without departing from the spirit of the invention, alternatively, the expansion anchor could have a holding device, for example a flange which is supported on the outside of the facing shell. In this way, the test gauge could also be inserted or hammered in and thus in particular have the same geometry as the feed section.

However, it is preferred that the test gauge has a widening element for bracing a spreading region of the third expansion anchor, wherein a thread is arranged on the widening element at least at a front section in the driving direction. With the thread, the test gauge can be screwed into the third expansion dowel. The gauge produces an axial thrust with the thread. An impact or impressions of the test gauge in the third expansion dowel is therefore not necessary. In particular, it is preferred that the test gauge before the thread has no threadless section, as is the case with the expansion element of the anchor system.

Preferably, the expansion portion of the expansion element of the anchor system is formed as a screw thread, with a thread pitch which substantially corresponds to the thread pitch of the expansion element of the test gauge. It is thereby achieved that the test gauge is introduced in one revolution substantially equal to the third expansion dowel, as is the case for the insertion section when screwing the expansion element in the expansion dowel of the anchor system, the case by the propulsion of the first expansion section in the second expansion dowel is withdrawn. The assembly speed is thus comparable to the spreading of the expansion anchor during insertion of the expansion section in the expansion dowel during spreading of an expansion anchor when screwing the test gauge.

It is further preferred that the draw-in section of the expansion element has axially spaced circumferential ribs, the axial spacing of the ribs substantially corresponding to the thread pitch of the thread of the expansion element. The intake section and the expansion element thus have a very similar outer contour. Since the spreading behavior and the forces acting between the draw-in section or the expansion element and an expansible plug essentially depend on the outer contour, it is thereby achieved that the expander element and the draw-in section achieve substantially the same holding forces in an expansible plug.

In addition, it is preferred that the diameter of the expansion element of the test gauge essentially corresponds to the diameter of the feed section of the expansion element. The axial length of the expansion element of the test gauge preferably corresponds substantially to the axial length of the draw-in section of the expansion element. In particular, when the expansion region of the third expansion anchor is substantially identical to the expansion region of the second expansion anchor, the geometrical adjustment of the thread pitch, the diameter and / or the axial length achieves substantially the same retention force with the test gauge in the attachment shell can be achieved, as is the case with the anchor system.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Show it:

1 the dowel sleeve of a dowel system with a first and a second expansion dowel in a side view;

2 a spreading element of the anchor system in a side view;

3 a third expansion dowel in a side view;

4 a test gauge in a side view;

5 an anchoring base and an attachment shell with an inserted drill for drilling a borehole or test borehole in a sectional representation;

6 a third expansion dowel inserted in the test borehole in a sectional view;

7 the third expansion dowel with test gauge installed in the test drill hole in a sectional view;

8th the dowel sleeve in the borehole in a sectional view;

9 the introduction of the expansion element in the dowel sleeve in a sectional view; and

10 the attachment shell connected to the substrate by the dowel system in a sectional view.

In the 1 to 4 First, the necessary components for the inventive method are shown:

1 shows a dowel sleeve 1 a dowel system according to the invention, at its front end in the direction of insertion E a first expansion dowel 2 and at its rear end in the direction of insertion E, a second expansion dowel 3 having. The two expansion dowels 2 . 3 each with a part of a spacer sleeve 4 in one piece and through the spacer sleeve 4 connected with each other. The dowel sleeve 1 is two-piece, with a front part 17 and a back part 18 , The first expansion dowel 2 has a slotted spreading area 5 on while the second expansion dowel 3 a multiple perforated spread area 6 for fastening in an attachment shell.

In 2 is a spreading element 7 shown, with the dowel sleeve 1 forms the dowel system. The spreading element 7 has at its front end in the direction of insertion E a spreading 8th in the form of a screw thread 9 on. The spreading section 8th serves to spread the spread area 5 of the first expansion anchor 2 , Because of the expansion section 8th a screw thread 9 is formed, causes a rotation of the in the dowel sleeve 1 inserted spreading element 7 an axial propulsion of the expansion element 7 in the dowel sleeve 1 in the direction of the insertion direction E. At its rear end is on the expansion element 7 a screw head 10 formed with a receptacle, not shown for a likewise not shown rotary tool. The turning tool may be, for example, a screwdriver or a bit of a screwdriver. In the direction of the insertion direction E in front of the screw head 10 is on the expansion element 7 a collection section 11 arranged with an axial length L _E , the one opposite to a screw shaft 12 having increased diameter D _E. The catchment section 11 consists of a front, cylindrical section 14 with several circumferential ribs 15 and a rear threaded portion 16 , Ribs 15 generate when pulling into the expansion area 6 of the second expansion anchor 3 the desired resistance and wide spread range 6 , Ribs 15 are axially spaced apart, with the axial distance between two adjacent ribs 15 essentially the thread pitch of the screw thread 9 equivalent. Between the screw shaft 12 and the intake section 11 there is a conical transition section 13 , By turning the spreader 7 in the dowel sleeve 1 becomes the expansion element 7 moved axially in the direction of insertion E, whereby the cylindrical portion 14 in the second expansion dowel 3 is retracted, without himself for the axial propulsion of the expansion element 7 contributes. This is the spread area 6 of the second expansion anchor 3 spread. Only when the cylindrical threaded section 16 in the second expansion dowel 3 engages, also generates the intake section 11 a propulsion in the axial direction, whereby the screwing for the expansion element 7 necessary torque is significantly reduced. Here is the pitch of the screw thread 9 same as the pitch of the threaded section 16 ,

3 shows a third expansion dowel 19 which is geometrically identical to the back part 18 the dowel sleeve 1 is. Thus, the spread range corresponds 20 of the third expansion anchor 19 the spread area 6 of the second expansion anchor 3 (see. 1 ).

In 4 is a test gauge 21 shown. The test gauge 21 has a cylindrical shaft portion 22 up, with a head 23 , the same as the screw head 10 of the expansion element 7 is trained. At the shaft section 22 is a cylindrical expansion element 24 arranged, whose axial length L _A and diameter D _{A of} the axial length L _E and the diameter D _{E of} the feed section 11 of the expansion element 7 equivalent. At the transition between the shaft section 22 and the expansion element 24 is like the expansion element 7 a conical transition section 13 arranged. The expansion element 24 is different from the intake section 11 in that no thread-free cylindrical section 14 is trained. The expansion element 24 has over its entire length L _A a thread 25 on. The thread pitch of the thread 25 essentially corresponds to the thread pitch of the screw thread 9 of the expansion element 7 , Will the test gauge 21 in the third expansion dowel 19 introduced, so engages the thread 25 in the spread area 20 of the third expansion anchor 19 and generates an axial propulsion in the direction of the insertion direction E, so that the expansion element 24 independently in the spread area 20 of the third expansion anchor 19 is moved and spreads this. Between the head 23 and the expansion element 24 is a placement depth mark 34 arranged in the form of a circumferential, annular color marking, which indicates how far the test gauge 21 for testing in the third expansion dowel 19 should be screwed.

The inventive method for connecting a facing shell with an anchoring ground is described below with the aid of 5 to 10 described in more detail:
As in 5 shown, is used to connect a header shell 26 at a distance with an anchoring ground 27 with a drill 28 in and through the attachment shell 26 through in the ground 27 a first borehole 29 created. The attachment shell 26 consists of bricks 30 . between those joints 31 are arranged from mortar. The part of the borehole 29 who is in the intent shell 26 located, forms a test hole 32 ,

After creating the borehole 29 becomes the third expansion dowel 19 into the test hole 32 in the attachment shell 26 used as in 6 you can see. In the third expansion dowel 19 then becomes the test gauge 21 rotated so that the thread 25 of the expansion element 24 in the third expansion dowel 3 engages and the spread area 20 spreads (cf. 7 ). The test gauge 21 gets so far into the third expansion dowel 19 screwed in until the landing depth mark 34 with the rear end of the third expansion anchor 19 is flush. Then, by a not shown extractor a test load P on the test gauge 21 upset and on the head 23 the test gauge 21 drawn. Depending on the specified criteria, the test is successful, for example, if the third expansion dowel 19 only by a limited way, for example at most 1 mm, through the test load P from the test well 32 is pulled.

After the test, the test gauge 21 and the third expansion dowel 19 from the borehole 29 removed and a dowel sleeve 1 with the first expansion dowel 2 and the second expansion dowel 3 in the borehole 29 used, like this the 8th shows. Then the spreading element 7 in the dowel sleeve 1 turning, by means of a turning tool 33 introduced and the expansion dowel 2 . 3 with the expansion element 7 and the intake section 11 spreads, as this in the 9 and 10 is shown.

As described above, the expanding element is 24 the test gauge 21 designed to fit the intake section 11 of the expansion element 7 is very similar, though not equal. In addition, the expansion range corresponds 20 of the third expansion anchor 19 the spread area 6 of the second expansion anchor 3 , The test gauge 21 is thereby designed so that the gespreizte third expansion dowel 19 in the attachment shell 26 reaches substantially the same holding force as a through the intake section 11 Spreizter second expansion dowel 3 , After successful testing, if on the in the dowel sleeve 3 introduced test gauge 21 a sufficiently large test load P can be applied, it can therefore be assumed that even one of the dowel sleeve 1 and the spreader 7 existing dowel system, the test load P between the second expansion dowel 3 and the attachment shell 26 can transfer. A test of actually connecting the header shell 26 with the ground of anchoring 27 used anchor system does not take place, since the results of the third expansion dowel 19 and the test gauge 21 carried out replacement test on the anchor system.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

dowel sleeve

2

first expansion dowel

3

second expansion dowel

4

spacer

5

Spreading range of the first expansion anchor 2

6

Spreading area of the second expansion anchor 3

7

spreader

8th

spreading

9

screw thread

10

screw head

11

feeder section

12

screw shaft

13

conical transition section

14

cylindrical section

15

rib

16

threaded portion

17

front part of the dowel sleeve 1

18

rear part of the dowel sleeve 1

19

third expansion dowel

20

Spreading area of the third expansion anchor

21

Prüflehre

22

shank portion

23

head

24

expander

25

thread

26

furring

27

anchorage ground

28

drill

29

well

30

brick

31

Gap

32

Prüfbohrloch

33

turning tool

34

Setting depth

D _A

Diameter of the expansion element 24

D _E

Diameter of the intake section 11

L _A

axial length of the expansion element 24

L _E

axial length of the intake section 11

P

test load

e

of introduction

L

longitudinal axis

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0928901 A1 [0002]
• DE 102011051378 [0002, 0005]
• DE 2747329 C2 [0012]

Claims (10)

Method for connecting a facing shell ( 26 ) with an anchoring reason ( 27 ) by means of a dowel system, - wherein the dowel system has a first expansion dowel ( 2 ) for anchoring in the ground ( 27 ) and a second expansion plug ( 3 ) for fastening in the attachment shell ( 26 ), the dowel system being a spreading element ( 7 ) with a spreading section ( 8th ) for spreading a spread area ( 5 ) of the first expansion anchor ( 2 ) and a collection section ( 11 ) for spreading a spread area ( 6 ) of the second expansion anchor ( 3 ), and - wherein the intake section ( 11 ) by driving in the expansion section ( 8th ) in the spread area ( 5 ) of the first expansion anchor ( 2 ) in the spread area ( 6 ) of the second expansion anchor ( 3 ), comprising the steps of: a) drilling a borehole ( 29 ) through the attachment shell ( 26 ) into the ground ( 27 ); b) Setting the first expansion anchor ( 2 ) in the borehole ( 29 ) in the ground ( 27 ), and setting the second expansion plug ( 3 ) in the borehole ( 29 ) in the attachment shell ( 26 ); and c) spreading the expansion dowels ( 2 . 3 ) by introducing the expansion element ( 7 ); characterized by the following steps: d) creating a test hole ( 32 ) in the attachment shell ( 26 ); e) placing a third expansion anchor ( 19 ) into the test well ( 32 ); f) introduction of a test gauge ( 21 ) in the third expansion dowel ( 19 ), whereby the third expansion dowel ( 19 ) is spread; and g) applying a test load (P) to the test gauge ( 21 ) for checking the holding force of the third expansion anchor ( 19 ) in the attachment shell ( 26 ). Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the test gauge ( 21 ) is designed in such a way that the 21 ) spread third expansion dowel ( 19 ) in the attachment shell ( 26 ) reaches substantially the same holding force as a through the intake section ( 11 ) Spreizter second expansion dowel ( 3 ). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a spread region ( 20 ) of the third expansion anchor ( 19 ) essentially the spread area ( 6 ) of the second expansion anchor ( 3 ) corresponds. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the test gauge ( 21 ) in step f) rotating in the third expansion dowel ( 19 ) is introduced. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the test gauge ( 21 ) an expansion element ( 24 ) for spreading the spreading range ( 20 ) of the third expansion anchor ( 19 ), wherein on the expansion element ( 24 ) at least at one in the driving direction (E) front portion of a thread ( 25 ) is arranged. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the test gauge ( 21 ) no thread-free section ( 14 ) having. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the spreading section ( 8th ) of the expansion element ( 7 ) as a screw thread ( 9 ) is formed, with a thread pitch, which is substantially the thread pitch of the expansion element ( 24 ) of the test gauge ( 21 ) corresponds. Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the intake section ( 11 ) of the expansion element ( 7 ) axially spaced, circumferential ribs ( 15 ), and that the axial distance of the ribs ( 15 ) substantially the thread pitch of the thread ( 25 ) of the expansion element ( 24 ) of the test gauge ( 21 ) corresponds. Method according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the diameter of the expansion element ( 24 ) of the test gauge ( 21 ) substantially the diameter of the intake section ( 11 ) of the expansion element ( 7 ) corresponds. Method according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the axial length (L _A ) of the expansion element ( 24 ) of the test gauge ( 21 ) substantially the axial length (L _E ) of the feed section ( 11 ) of the expansion element ( 7 ) corresponds.

Images