DE102012012549B4 - Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors, in particular for fluidized-bed gasification reactors - Google Patents
Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors, in particular for fluidized-bed gasification reactors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102012012549B4 DE102012012549B4 DE102012012549.6A DE102012012549A DE102012012549B4 DE 102012012549 B4 DE102012012549 B4 DE 102012012549B4 DE 102012012549 A DE102012012549 A DE 102012012549A DE 102012012549 B4 DE102012012549 B4 DE 102012012549B4
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- Prior art keywords
- microwave
- region
- pressing tool
- pressure
- channel
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
- B30B11/025—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space whereby the material is transferred into the press chamber by relative movement between a ram and the press chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/503—Fuel charging devices for gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Kontinuierlich arbeitendes schleusenloses Feststoffeintragssystem für druckaufgeladene Vergasungsreaktoren nach Patent DE 10 2011 116 031 B4, bestehend aus einer Strangpresse mit einem Presswerkzeug, das an den Gasdruck führenden Verbindungsstrang zum Reaktor angeschlossen ist, wobei keine Leckagen über die Bauteile des Presswerkzeuges auftreten, bei dem a) das Presswerkzeug mit einem starren Formkanal mit kreisrundem Querschnitt versehen ist, der in einen Pressbereich, einen Bereich der Verengung und in einen Bereich der Erweiterung untergliedert ist, b) das Presswerkzeug Kühlkanäle um den gesamten Pressraum herum aufweist, c) der Formkanal (3) aus Verschleißhülsen, die eine dem Formkanal entsprechende kreisrunde Geometrie aufweisen, besteht, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass der Formkanal im Bereich der Erweiterung aus einem mikrowellendurchlässigen Material (4) besteht und in diesem Bereich mindestens ein Mikrowellenapparat (3) integriert ist, so dass die Mikrowellenstrahlung in den Brikettstrang eingekoppelt werden kann.Continuously operating sluice-free Feststoffeintragssystem for pressure-loaded gasification reactors according to patent DE 10 2011 116 031 B4, consisting of an extruder with a pressing tool, which is connected to the gas pressure leading connection line to the reactor, with no leaks occur over the components of the pressing tool, in which a) the Pressing tool is provided with a rigid mold channel having a circular cross-section, which is divided into a pressing region, a region of the constriction and in a region of the extension, b) the pressing tool has cooling channels around the entire pressing space, c) the forming channel (3) of wear sleeves , which have a circular geometry corresponding to the molding channel, characterized in that the molding channel in the region of the extension of a microwave transparent material (4) and in this area at least one microwave apparatus (3) is integrated, so that the microwave radiation in the briquette strand can be coupled.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein schleusenloses Feststoffeintragssystem für druckaufgeladene Vergasungsreaktoren, dass den kontinuierlichen Eintrag des festen Brennstoffes, insbesondere von Braunkohle und anderen brikettierbaren festen Brennstoffen und Brennstoffgemischen, in einen mit bis 65 bar druckbespannten Vergasungsreaktor gestattet. Das Feststoffeintragssystem gemäß dem Hauptpatent
Im Hauptpatent wird vorgeschlagen, als Feststoffeintragssystem eine Formkanalstempelpresse umzufunktionieren. Der im Formkanal gebildete Brikettstrang ist fest in das Formzeug eingespannt, wenn optimale Brikettierbedingungen eingehalten werden. Mit dem sich rhythmisch nach vorn bewegenden, eingespannten Brikettstrang lässt sich eine gasdruckdichte Feststoffeinspeisung in den Druckreaktor realisieren. Die Dichtwirkung des Brikettstranges ist umso höher, je dichter und fester und damit elastischer die im Formkanal entstehenden Briketts sind. Diese Bedingung stellt allerdings einen Nachteil dar, wenn die Einspeisung in einen druckaufgeladenen Wirbelschichtreaktor erfolgen soll und der Vergasungsfeststoff daher eine Wirbelschicht ausbilden muss. Die relativ großformatigen Briketts sind hierfür ungeeignet. Sie müssen deshalb im Nachgang auf eine verwirbelungsfähige Korngröße zerkleinert oder so in ihrer Struktur geschwächt werden, dass sie beim Eintrag in den Reaktor in geeigneter Weise zerfallen. Die Integration von Zerkleinerungsapparaten in das unter hohem Druck stehende Einspeisesystem ist technisch schwierig bzw. zu kostenaufwändig. In the main patent it is proposed to re-function as a solids entry system a Formkanalstempelpresse. The briquette strand formed in the molding channel is firmly clamped in the mold, if optimal briquetting conditions are met. With the rhythmically moving forward, clamped briquette strand, a gas-tight solid feed into the pressure reactor can be realized. The sealing effect of the briquette is the higher, the denser and stronger and thus more elastic are the briquettes formed in the mold channel. However, this condition is a disadvantage if the feed is to take place in a pressure-charged fluidized bed reactor and the gasification solid therefore has to form a fluidized bed. The relatively large briquettes are unsuitable for this purpose. They must therefore be comminuted subsequently to a fluidizable particle size or so weakened in their structure that they disintegrate when introduced into the reactor in a suitable manner. The integration of shredders in the high-pressure feed system is technically difficult or too costly.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das kontinuierlich arbeitende schleusenlose Feststoffeintragssystem für druckaufgeladene Vergasungsreaktoren gemäß Hauptpatent so zu modifizieren, dass eine Schwächung der das Feststoffeintragssystem verlassenden Briketts erreicht wird, so dass die Briketts leicht beim Fall in den Reaktor zerspringen. Dabei muss gewährleistet bleiben, dass beim Feststoffeintragssystem kein Dichtigkeitsverlust eintritt. Desweiteren soll der Energieverbrauch für die Schwächung des Brikettverbandes nicht zu hoch sein. The invention has for its object to modify the continuously operating sluice-free Feststoffeintragssystem for pressure-loaded gasification reactors according to the main patent so that a weakening of the Feststoffeintragssystem leaving briquettes is achieved, so that the briquettes easily shatter in the case in the reactor. It must be ensured that there is no loss of tightness in the solids feed system. Furthermore, the energy consumption for the weakening of the briquette should not be too high.
Die technische Aufgabe wird durch ein kontinuierlich arbeitendes schleusenloses Feststoffeintragssystem für druckaufgeladene Vergasungsreaktoren nach Patent
- a) das Presswerkzeug mit einem starren Formkanal mit kreisrundem Querschnitt versehen ist, der in einen Pressbereich, einen Bereich der Verengung und in einen Bereich der Erweiterung untergliedert ist,
- b) das Presswerkzeug Kühlkanäle um den gesamten Pressraum herum aufweist,
- c) der Formkanal aus Verschleißhülsen, die eine dem Formkanal entsprechende kreisrunde Geometrie aufweisen, besteht,
- a) the pressing tool is provided with a rigid molding channel having a circular cross-section, which is subdivided into a pressing region, a region of the narrowing and into a region of the extension,
- b) the pressing tool has cooling channels around the entire pressing space,
- c) the mold channel made of wear sleeves, which have a shape corresponding to the channel circular geometry consists,
Das erfindungsgemäße Feststoffeintragsystem ist insbesondere für Wirbelschichtvergasungsreaktoren geeignet.The solids introduction system according to the invention is particularly suitable for fluidized-bed gasification reactors.
Erfindungsgemäß ist in das Feststoffeintragssystem ein Mikrowellenapparat integriert. Der Formkanal besteht dabei im Bereich der Erweiterung aus einem mikrowellendurchlässigen Material, so dass die Mikrowellenstrahlung von außen in den Brikettstrang eingekoppelt werden kann. Als Material für diesen Teil des Formkanales kommen Glaswerkstoffe, Kunststoffe oder Keramiken in Frage. Das erfindungsgemäße Feststoffeintragssystem soll insbesondere bei der Vergasung von Braunkohlen und nachwachsenden Rohstoffen eingesetzt werden. Briketts aus Braunkohlen und nachwachsenden Rohstoffen haben üblicherweise Restwassergehalte von 10 bis 20 %, wobei auch andere Wassergehalte möglich sind. Das Wasser begünstigt die Absorption von Mikrowellenenergie. Außerdem sind die Träger der Verbundstabilität dieser Briketts vor allem Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen, die von sauerstoffhaltigen funktionellen Gruppen ausgehen, welche ebenfalls über Mikrowellen in energieabsorbierende Schwingungen versetzt werden können. Bei ausreichender Leistung der Mikrowellenstrahlung kommt es zu einer Schockaufheizung der Briketts im Formkanal, in deren Folge sich starker Gas- und Wasserdampfdruck im Brikettinneren aufbaut, der das Brikettgefüge schwächt. Die Druckentwicklung ist besonders groß bei Mikrowellenaufheizung, weil wegen der Eindringtiefe der Mikrowellen in den organischen Feststoff die Aufheizung nicht von außen nach innen, sondern gleichmäßig über den gesamten Brikettquerschnitt erfolgt. Erreicht die Temperatur der Brikettsubstanz einen Wert von 200 °C, beginnt die Zerstörung der festigkeitstragenden funktionellen Gruppen, was eine weitere drastische Schwächung der Brikettfestigkeit bewirkt. Zur Einsparung von Energie wird frequenzoptimierte Mikrowellenstrahlung eingesetzt, damit neben dem Temperatureffekt durch nichtthermische Anregung festigkeitsrelevante funktionelle Gruppen geschwächt bzw. zerstört werden. Falls erforderlich erfolgt eine sequenzielle Mikrowellenbehandlung unterschiedlicher Frequenz, um thermische und nichtthermische Bindungsschwächung aufeinander abzustimmen und damit bezüglich des Energiebedarfs zu optimieren. According to the invention, a microwave apparatus is integrated into the solids introduction system. The molding channel consists in the region of the extension of a microwave transparent material, so that the microwave radiation can be coupled from the outside into the briquette. As a material for this part of the mold channel glass materials, plastics or ceramics come into question. The solids introduction system according to the invention is intended in particular to be used in the gasification of lignite and renewable raw materials. Briquettes from lignite and renewable raw materials usually have residual water contents of 10 to 20%, although other water contents are possible. The water promotes the absorption of microwave energy. In addition, the carriers of the composite stability of these briquettes are mainly hydrogen bonds, emanating from oxygen-containing functional groups, which can also be converted into energy-absorbing vibrations via microwaves. With sufficient power of the microwave radiation, the briquettes in the forming channel are shock-heated, as a result of which strong gas and water vapor pressure builds up in the briquette interior, which weakens the briquette structure. The pressure development is particularly great in microwave heating, because due to the penetration depth of the microwaves into the organic solid, the heating does not take place from outside to inside, but evenly over the entire briquette cross-section. If the temperature of the briquette substance reaches a value of 200 ° C., the destruction of the strength-bearing functional groups begins, which causes a further drastic weakening of the briquette strength. Frequency-optimized microwave radiation is used to save energy, so that in addition to the temperature effect by non-thermal stimulation strength-relevant functional groups are weakened or destroyed. If necessary, a sequential microwave treatment of different frequency is performed to match thermal and nonthermal bond weakening and thus to optimize energy requirements.
Ausführungsbeispielembodiment
Die Integration des Mikrowellenapparates in das Einspeisesystem für den Wirbelschichtdruckvergaser ist schematisch in den
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- aa
- Kohle (gemahlen) Coal (ground)
- bb
- Brikettstrang aus festen Briketts Briquette strand of solid briquettes
- cc
- Briketts aus vorgeschädigten Briketts Briquettes made from previously damaged briquettes
- 11
- Formkanalstempelpresse gemäß Hauptpatent Formkanalstempelpresse according to the main patent
- 22
- Pressstempel press die
- 33
- Mikrowellengenerator microwave generator
- 44
- mikrowellendurchlässiges Verbindungsstück microwave transparent connector
- 55
- Wirbelschichtvergasungsreaktor Fluidized bed gasification reactor
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012012549.6A DE102012012549B4 (en) | 2012-06-23 | 2012-06-23 | Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors, in particular for fluidized-bed gasification reactors |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012012549.6A DE102012012549B4 (en) | 2012-06-23 | 2012-06-23 | Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors, in particular for fluidized-bed gasification reactors |
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DE102012012549A1 DE102012012549A1 (en) | 2013-12-24 |
DE102012012549B4 true DE102012012549B4 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
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DE102012012549.6A Expired - Fee Related DE102012012549B4 (en) | 2012-06-23 | 2012-06-23 | Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors, in particular for fluidized-bed gasification reactors |
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DE102014204105B3 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2015-08-06 | Karlsruher Institut für Technologie | Device for recording a material to be loaded into a reactor and its use |
CN112745961B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-08-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Vertical microwave heating biomass gasification reactor |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB262901A (en) | 1925-11-05 | 1926-12-23 | Basf Ag | Process and apparatus for feeding solids into or removing solids from vessels under pressure |
DD121647A1 (en) | 1974-11-23 | 1976-08-12 | ||
DD223983A1 (en) | 1984-03-05 | 1985-06-26 | Senftenberg Braunkohle | FORM FOR BRITTLTRESSPRESSEN DER BRAUNKOHLENINDUSTRIE |
DE102011116031B4 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2016-09-29 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors |
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2012
- 2012-06-23 DE DE102012012549.6A patent/DE102012012549B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB262901A (en) | 1925-11-05 | 1926-12-23 | Basf Ag | Process and apparatus for feeding solids into or removing solids from vessels under pressure |
DD121647A1 (en) | 1974-11-23 | 1976-08-12 | ||
DD223983A1 (en) | 1984-03-05 | 1985-06-26 | Senftenberg Braunkohle | FORM FOR BRITTLTRESSPRESSEN DER BRAUNKOHLENINDUSTRIE |
DE102011116031B4 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2016-09-29 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Continuously operating sluice-free solids entry system for pressure-charged gasification reactors |
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