DE102011121123B3 - Mechanical clock for displaying astronomical and temporal data, particularly temporal hours and perpetual calendar, is driven by mechanical or electronic timer, where date wheel is driven by pin or ratchet - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanical clock is driven by a mechanical or an electronic timer (1), where a date wheel is driven by a pin or ratchet. A cogwheel or screw makes a revolution per year and drives a week day wheel and phases of moon and switches an year counter. The date wheel has a hub as a carousel, a tooth rim has a joint and a spread lever spreads the joint around a tooth pitch. A switch roll moves the spread lever all four years. A roller is mounted on a wheel, which rotates around a sun wheel.

Description

technical description

Clocks are known that display astronomical and temporal data and have a millennium calendar.

Literature:

• Anton Lübke: The Clock, Dusseldorf, VDI-Verlag, 1958; Pp. 169-179; ISBN not available "The Eighth Wonder of the World", In: DER SPIEGEL, Wednesday, January 25, 1956; 38 and 39 Kushner, David: "Ticking to Eternity" In: IEEE SPECTRUM, November 2011, pp. 54-62

In these watches extensive mechanics is used, which is not suitable for normal clocks and for portable watches, especially for wristwatches.

The following "Temporal Clock" shows the time after the most important historical and current time divisions in direct comparison and in connection with a millenium calendar. This mechanical clock can be globally adjusted to all locations between the equator and the 60th latitude of the northern and southern hemisphere of the earth. This mechanism is therefore particularly suitable for wristwatches and pocket watches.

Front (panel 1), cross section (panel 3)

In the center, the commoner time is conventional with 12 hours, 60 minutes and possibly 60 seconds of a Zeitwerk ( 1 ) is displayed. Be wristwatches this assumes a flat movement preferably with automatic winding. It can be fixed on the inside of the glass, or in the central body of the work. For clocks is a radio clock module with additional 24-hour hand appropriate, but also possible for wristwatches in principle.

The 24-hour hand ( 2 ) turns under glass mounting on the back of the movement. A spiral cam ( 3 ) on the 24-hour shaft, the spring-loaded rocker switch ( 4 ). At 0 o'clock it drops off and shifts the year wheel by one tooth.

With clocks, it can also be driven continuously, z. As with a pinion or a single-speed snail from a 24-hour drive.

When mounted in the body, the 24-hour hand ( 2 ) under the 12-hour hand. The spiral cam ( 3 ) is then in the factory body. Drive option for year wheel is also by Ausspahrungen in the dials below the center.

In the scissor control and heart disc variant, the 24-hour drive can be guided through the center.

With a wristwatch, the winding shaft ( 5 ) in position 18 Watch over the three rings of numbers to the edge of the case. It simultaneously marks one of the two equinoctial lines. On the opposite position 6 Clock marks a blind shaft ( 6 ) the other equinoctial line. It can also be a push rod ( 6 ) with a housing push-button to 0-positions of the minute hand or another crown with shaft ( 6 ) for separately setting the 24-hour hand for a total of two time zones.

Instead of a 24-hour hand is also a transparent disc with pointer lines for normal time and summer time, possibly also for local time possible.

For clocks, a second, independent radio clock module for driving an externally toothed ring-shaped 24-hour hand dial is possible. This is then on the back of the clock and also drives the year wheel.

The front dial face (plate 1) is divided around the central work into 5 concentric ring surfaces. These are inside out:

On the first one, "Italian time" ( 7 ) in 24 equinox hours. The geogr. Latitude, z. B. for Verona 45.4 °, is set in advance. The 24-hour day starts there half an hour after sunset. The number ring is replaced by a guide pin ( 8th ) on the dial 12 of light day (Plate 7) and moves, offset by half an hour, synchronized with the sunset over the year.

On the second ring surface day and night length ( 9 . 11 ) in max, 20 and 4 medium hours on two dial sectors. The 24-hour hand also shows the historical "Nuremberg time" with max. 16 and 8 medium hours, but continuously and not in one-hour increments and for the geogr. Width 49.5 °, or for 1 to 2 day-night ratio. These are 2 driving mandrels ( 8th . 10 ) is attached to the two individual dials of the temporal 12, with the one for the sunset ( 8th ) with which is identical for the Italian. They are used to twist two slotted dial discs overlapping each other by sector. The top visible dial sector gives the length of the day ( 9 ), the lower one, the other one of the night ( 11 ), each in equinox

Twice 12 "Ancient Temporal Hours" are placed on the third ring surface ( 12 ), depending on the size of the clock also twice 6 "Japanese Temporal Hours" ( 13 ). Furthermore, 8 "Benedictine prayer sessions" ( 14 ) with a cross and 5 "Islamic G." ( 15 ) are marked with a half moon on the corresponding 24 digit cartridges.

Within the ring area 22 cartridges are variably arranged. Only the 6 of the day ( 16 ) at noon and 6 of the night ( 17 ) at midnight are stuck. From these two fixed points move in this ring area, the 22 variable cartridges above and below, as well as left and right fan-like.

The 12 hours of light day are equal to each other, as well as the 12 hours of the night. However, daytime and nighttime hours are only the same on March 21st and September 23rd. On these two days of the year, the two most important time divisions of people coincide in temporal hours and in equinoctial hours (nomen est omen). Accordingly, the angular differences of the digit cartridges to each other behave.

In the temporal time division the light day begins with the 12 of the night hours ( 18 ), which at the same time the sunrise ( 18 ). The 12 of the day hours ( 19 ) gives the sunset ( 19 ) and is at the beginning of the night.

The variable digit cartridges are mounted on two times five mirror-inverted identical double-digit plates (Plate 8) and also on two single-digit plates (Plate 6, 7).

These 10 double dials contain the numbers on the left side (Plate 10):
5 of the day and 7 of the night
4 of the day and 8 of the night
3 of the day and 9 of the night
2 of the day and 10 of the night
1 of the day and 11 of the night
mirror image on the right:
7 of the day and 5 of the night
8 of the day and 4 of the night
9 of the day and 3 of the night
10 of the day and 2 of the night
11 of the day and 1 of the night
The cross sum is always 12.

The 2 single dials ( 24 . 25 ), also mirror images of the same, contain the number of cartridges 12 of the night for sunrise ( 18 ) and the 12 of the day for sunset ( 19 ). (Plates 6 and 7)

In all 12 superimposed dials (Table 10) are different, curved elongated holes depending on the angle to be executed. They are designed for latitudes up to 60 °, or for day / night ratio to 1 to 5, or angle ratio 60 ° to 300 °.

Through the curve slots ( 81 ) (Plates 6, 7, 8), the digit guide pin ( 20 ). This thorn is on a sledge ( 21 ), is moved with him vertically in the axis center / temporal 6 and twisted by the curve slots ( 81 ) the 12 dials ( 22 ), or the 22 digit cartridges ( 23 ). Displacement depends on the season and latitude.

In addition to this curve control of the 22 dials, there is also the scissors control (Plate 9). In this case, the slide via two connecting rods ( 81 ) only the two 12-digit dials ( 24 . 25 ) hinged. Between these and the fixed 6-position positions, with intersecting scissor arms ( 26 ) held the five dials within the 4 digit sectors at the same distance. From a swivel joint ( 27 ) on each of the 4 x 5 discs 2 scissor arms each go to the two adjacent discs. There they are together with the corresponding other arms in a sliding swivel ( 28 ) stored. All joints are on the radial line to the digit cartridges.

The scissors control, driven by a heart disc, is suitable for watches as a functional model. This can be z. B. are made of a metal kit.

Both controls of the temporal functions can also be performed without latitude adjustment. The carriage guide pin then runs as a back continuation of the dial guide arbor in the carriage in an annular groove of the carousel.

Without latitude adjustment, the control of the carriage is also possible with a heart disk. This turns between two rollers on the slide and moves it to a fixed latitude. In both then exists between clockwork and date wheel free passage, which allows the central transmission of the 24-hour drive and the attachment of the sun gear in the center of the work body between time and calendar work.

The fourth number ring (Plate 1) is fixed and corresponds to the 12 hours in the center of the clock 24 equinox ( 29 ) at.

On the inner edge of the two 12-cartridges on the left side the times for sunrise ( 18 ) and on the right for sunset ( 19 ).

The fifth digit (Plate 1) is a rotary tune ( 30 ). On it, the 24-hour hand on a scale shows two types of decimal 31 . 32 ) at.

From a 16-month period of the "French Revolution", the 10 decimal hours of a full day, each with 100 deci-minutes, are displayed in sequences of 10 ( 31 ).

In the CET time zone, the "internet time" ( 32 ) is displayed. Your measure of 1000 "beats" for the full day as a 10-mark on a wristwatch place. In another time zone, the turn-tune can be reset to CET.

Back (panel 2) Cross-section (panel 3)

The back of the clock indicates, automatically for millennia, date, day of the week, month, month length and year according to the Gregorian calendar, as well as equations, precession and moon phase, but these with one day deviation in 120 years.

The rear view (Plate 2) is indicated by the left-turning date wheel ( 33 ) embossed. It occupies the entire housing space and becomes the criterion for the size of the clock.

The date wheel ( 33 ) makes one revolution a year and is externally toothed with 365 teeth. Its broad border picks up scales or symbols for date, months, sunsets and equations. This wide annual ring is split in the area of March 1 and fixed in the area of September 1 on its base, the carousel. On both sides of the dividing line and each offset by about 90 °, so four times the ring from the carousel ( 34 ) guided axially.

With its teeth is also a 7-toothed pinion ( 35 ). It is used for digital or analog display of the weekdays.

The date wheel can be used in the same way to drive via an intermediate gear for the moon phase display ( 36 ) are removed. (Plate 11)

On top of clocks, a rotating globe is capable of displaying the sun's maximum level around the earth and true time on the far side of midnight. Prerequisite is continuous 24-hour drive.

For the date ( 37 ) every day of the year is permanently assigned to a tooth of the date wheel. The density of the digits depends on the size of the clock. February 29 is marked as a shadow tooth ( 38 ) over the surface of the ring of numbers or hidden beneath it.

The months ( 39 ) are marked with names in 12 segments and also give the month lengths ( 40 ) at.

The 4 Solstites ( 41 ), Sun peak on June 22, sun low on December 22 and the two equinoxes on March 1 and September 23 are marked with sun symbols of different beam form.

The equator is a curved line ( 42 ) above (+) and below (-) the zero circle. Depending on the size of the number ring, minutes, 5 minutes or only 10 minutes are shown as circles. Points on the Equation Curve map the maximum (+ 14.3 min), minimum (-16.3 min), and zero-crossing points to the date.

The indicated data are displayed on a pointer fixed in the housing ( 43 ). Special requirements are the reading of the day's date in a pocket watch or wristwatch. These are helpful, an optical magnification and as Raralaxenausgleich a mirror perpendicular to the numeric level or a reflective numeric area. The calendar should mechanically implement and demonstrate the Gregorian calendar rules. The easy readability of the date is behind it. With clocks there are opto-electronic options for more precise reading.

The base of the date wheel, the carousel ( 34 ), which is not spread, is rotatably mounted at the back in at least two ring segments. They are bolted in the back of the case. This allows the entire calendar module, including the latitude adjustment, to be mounted (plates 3, 4).

The left-turning date wheel ( 33 ) is progressively or continuously advanced by one tooth daily in 24 hours ( 4 ).

The toothed, wide ring of the date wheel is separated in the tooth base between February 28 and March 1. The dividing line ( 44 ) is designed so that at both ends depending on a pivot point of the expansion lever ( 45 ) and the ends are tangential to each other. The axial guidance takes over the carousel. In another embodiment, a pivot point is sufficient, in that the lever is spring-loaded against a cam of the other ring end. The deflection of the lever is split symmetrically around the radial centerline. By deflecting the lever, the sprocket is enlarged by a tooth pitch.

The gap is filled by a single tooth attached to the side of February. In nichtpreitztem condition of the sprocket lies this shadow tooth ( 38 ) next to the tooth of March 1st.

Because of the high number of teeth of the ring gear, its constructive design as a resilient hinge, which lies opposite the dividing line and the spreading around only one tooth pitch, the gears mesh trouble-free.

Due to the spread arises from the date wheel with 365 teeth for normal years one with 366 teeth for leap years.

A switching role ( 46 ) steers the spreading lever to the upcoming leap year ( 45 ) successively over several months until March 3 at the 24-hour ratchet ( 47 ), on the holding pawl ( 48 ), or on the worm drive, on the weekday drive ( 35 ) and the moon phase drive ( 36 ) has passed. Then the spreader falls back to its rest position. The lever shape, etc. are to be interpreted so that also opposite direction of rotation during adjustment by hand is possible.

The reel is mounted on an internally toothed, left-handed 4-year ring ( 49 ) stored. External toothing is also possible in principle, but requires more space. The toothed ring is based on the date wheel, the carousel ( 34 ), rotatable, alternatively from the outside, stored.

He rolls 4 to 1 squat on a fixed sun gear ( 50 ). Its attachment is either led from the housing under the glass to the center or it lies on the inside of the glass. The ring ( 49 ) of this planetary gear thus turns once in 4 years on its own axis.

The 4-year ring also serves as a number ring, with external teeth as a dial, for the 4 years and the 4 x 12 months. The leap year is specially marked. The pointer S 4 ( 51 ) sits on the carousel ( 34 ).

In the date ring ( 33 ) turns concentrically, but in opposite directions, the 400-year switching ring ( 52 ). It is externally toothed and has 100 asymmetrical ratchet teeth flattened at the top. A holding pawl ( 53 ) in the carousel prevents its turning back and serves to adjust.

At one end of the 400 year rocker switch ( 54 ) engages the pawl ( 55 ) into the teeth of the 400-year Schalring. The other end of this rocker switch is also from the switching role ( 46 ) on the 4-year-ring, she turns the 400-year-old ring every 4 years by one tooth. Both pawls are spring loaded or springy. Lever shape, turning and attack points are to be chosen so that also opposite role movement is possible.

The 400-year switching ring switches the leap year function (within 400 years) of the 3 centuries whose hundreds are not divisible by 4 44 . 45 . 46 . 49 ). These are the years 2100, 2200, 2300, 2500, etc. The shutdown occurs in good time before the leap year.

For this purpose, on the inside of the 400-Jahreringes three cams ( 56 ), each offset by 90 °, arranged. These cams actuate the locking lever in all 100 years in which the regular leap year fails ( 57 ) An arm of the locking lever between spreading lever ( 45 ) and role ( 46 ) and this raised. The roller then rotates under the spreader bar without triggering its leap year function. This happens before the spreading lever can be deflected by the switching roller. The fourth 90 ° position ( 58 ) has no cam, there is the normal leap year function in the way. This was or will be in the years 1600, 2000, 2400, 2800 etc. An excavated slope ( 59 ) on the cam and on the locking lever prevents in opposite rotation, the operation of the locking lever.

The switching ring is also a number ring for 400 years. On it with shift teeth corresponding 4-year marks and full centuries are applied. The century shift year is highlighted. The pointer S 400 ( 60 ) sits on the carousel ( 34 ).

The year starts with a four-digit digital counter ( 61 ) is displayed. It is indexed by a tooth on the edge of the carousel with the circuit to January 1.

The precession, the progression of the vernal equinox, also known as the "Platonic Year" with 25,784 years, is being displayed. For this is in a concentric rotation of the 400-year ring ( 52 ) another, but internally toothed switching ring ( 62 ) rotatably mounted. In South Pole view, this precession shift ring is left-handed. It has 129 asymmetric shifters. Over a period of 200 years, it will be incremented by 2 teeth. A holding pawl ( 63 ) on the carousel prevents reverse rotation and serves to adjust.

An eccentric ring ( 64 ) as transmission loop is eccentric, under the precession switching ring ( 62 ), rotatably mounted in the 400-year switching ring. The carousel-mounted spike ( 65 protrudes into a slot and prevents the eccentric rotates with the switching ring. On the opposite side, the pawl attached there ( 66 ) a way of 2 teeth. Thus, the precession ring makes a full turn in 25,800 years, equal to the sky north pole in the sky. The deviation of 16 years is accepted.

On the precession ring are the 400 years on every second tooth and the full millennia into the future (+) and z. B. 5000 years into the past (-) applied from the 0 point of our time. The precession pointer ( 67 ) is on the carousel ( 34 ) attached.

On the back of the carousel ( 34 ) is the adjustment of the latitude. (Board 3/4/5) Different latitudes are achieved by radial adjustment of the carriage guide pin ( 68 ). He walks in a horizontal slot ( 69 ) of the carriage ( 21 ), which lies in the axis 6 o'clock / 18 o'clock or in parallel (table 5) the foot of the thorn ( 68 ) runs as a spindle nut ( 70 ) on the adjusting spindle ( 71 ) and in a guide slot ( 72 ) of the carousel ( 34 ). During one year of circulation of the date wheel carousel ( 34 ) this mandrel moves ( 68 ) the sled ( 21 ) and this with the digit guide pin ( 20 ) in the curve slots ( 81 ) the dials ( 22 ) with the cartridges ( 23 ) of the temporal hours display.

The adjusting spindle ( 71 ) (Table 4) is mounted in a ring approach and runs diametrically therethrough. The spindle axis lies on the line of equinoxes (21.3./23.9.). At one end is a bevel gear ( 73 ) attached. The associated ring gear is a flat ring whose teeth are interrupted by an annular groove. This latitude adjusting ring ( 74 ) is at the ring approach of the carousel and axially with three cocks ( 75 ) rotatably mounted. The bevel gear of the adjusting spindle engages in the inner ring gear of the adjusting ring. When pulling the adjustment crown ( 76 ) engages the outer bevel gear ( 77 ) of the shaft in the outer ring gear of the adjusting ring ( 74 ) one.

The adjusting ring ( 74 ) has on the bottom the two scales ( 78 ) for latitudes 0 ° to 60 °, for NH (northern hemisphere) and for SH. The course of the scale depends on the mechanics and characteristics of day and night length in relation to latitude. From the equator area, with the crown, turn to the right for the northern hemisphere, to the left for the southern hemisphere. In a window ( 78 ) of the carousel, the setting is displayed.

The width data adjustment shaft ( 76 ) has three notches: silence / width setting / data setting

For width adjustment, the data setting is ( 79 . 80 ) disengaged.

When setting data, width setting ( 74 . 77 ) disengaged and also date wheel drive ( 4 ) and Dateumshalteklinke ( 48 ) and annual meter ( 61 ) disengaged. The inner bevel gear ( 79 ) of the shaft now engages in a Tellerradkranz ( 80 ) on the back of the carousel.

With the data setting, all other data and displays are changed except the time and year, such as: date of the day, day of the week, month with month length, equa- tion, 4-year leap year, 400-year leap year, precession and moon phase.

The clock is set with date and leap year. The 400-point switching ring and the precession ring are in the predetermined position of the annual wheel with two pushers, which on the pawls ( 53 . 63 ) act, corrected. This is only necessary if previously adjusted to another 4-year of the 400-year Schalring.

Elevator and gearing of the mechanical wristwatch can also be carried out according to the principle of "Sympathique" by Breguet. The watch is placed in a stationary, radio-controlled mother clock. Then she gets daily from her via the elevator shaft ( 5 ) raised. At the full hour once a day over a housing pusher ( 6 ) the minute hand is set to 0. An overload protection, as always with automatic movements, requires this elevator system over crown also with manual winding.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Zeitwerk, 12 hours, 60 minutes, 60 seconds

02

24-hour hand

03

Spiral cam for 24-hour drive

04

Rocker with latch to the date wheel

05

Elevator shaft for Zeitwerk

06

Blind shaft or pusher bar or shaft for second time zone

07

"Italian time"

08

Guide pin on dial 12 of the day

09

Tag sector of the day and night length and the "Nuremberg time"

10

Guide thorn on dial 12 of the night

11

Night sector of the day and night length and the "Nuremberg time"

12

"Ancient Temporal Hours"

13

"Japanese Temporal Hours"

14

"Benedictine prayer lessons" with cross symbol

15

"Islamic Prayer Hours" with crescent moon symbol

16

Cartridge 6 of the day

17

Cartridge 6 of the night

18

Number 12 cartouche of the night and sunrise

19

Number 12 cartouche of the day and sunset

20

Digits guide mandrel

21

Sled with digit guide pin

22

10 double dials

23

22 digit cartridges

24

Single dial for 12 of the night

25

Single dial for 12 of the day

26

scissor arms

27

swivel

28

Sliding pivot

29

24 equinox hours

30

Turning bezel for decimal hours

31

Decimal hours of the "French Revolution"

32

Decimal hours of "internet time"

33

date wheel

34

Carousel of the date wheel

35

Weekday

36

Moon phase drive

37

date

38

Shadow tooth for the 29th of February

39

Month display with monthly lengths

40

month lengths

41

Solstites as sun symbols

42

Äquationskurve

43

date hand

44

Parting line of the date ring

45

spreading lever

46

switching role

47

24-hour ratchet

48

Date wheel-retaining latch

49

4-year shift ring with leap year indicator

50

Sunwheel for 4-year shift ring

51

Pointer S 4 for leap year indication

52

400-year-switching ring

53

Retaining pawl and adjustment for 400-year shift ring

54

400-year-rocker

55

400-year-ratchet

56

100-year control cam

57

locking lever

58

400-year leap year due to missing cam

59

Excavation slope on cam and locking lever

60

Pointer S 400 for leap year indication

61

Jahreszählwerk

62

Precession switching ring

63

Retaining latch and setting for precession shift ring

64

eccentric

65

eccentric pin

66

Precession Ratchet

67

Precession pointer

68

Sled guide mandrel

69

Slot in the sledge

70

spindle nut

71

Adjusting spindle for geogr. width

72

Long guide hole for carriage guide pin in the carousel

73

Bevel gear on adjusting spindle

74

Latitude-adjusting

75

Bearing block for width adjustment ring

76

Width and data adjustment shaft

77

Outer bevel gear of the setting shaft

78

Scale for width adjustment in NH and SH

79

Inner bevel gear on setting shaft

80

Ring wheel wreath on the roundabout back

81

cam slots

82

connecting rods

Panel

• 01 Front of the temporary clock with concentric dials, display of various historical temporal hours and temporal data, for adjustable geogr. Latitude, of equinoxes in transitional forms and in current time divisions
• 02 Rear view of the Temporal Clock with Millennium calendar movement, with astronomical data, latitude setting for northern and southern hemisphere, in open mechanics
• 03 Cross-section of the temporary clock, without moon phase and annual counter
• 04 Adjustment of the latitude and data setting of the calendar work, in position equinox and width + 60 ° NH or 1 to 5 day-night ratio sSlides for temporal control, in position equinox and width 60 °, or 1 to 5 day-night ratio
• 05 Separate dial for 12 of the night and sunrise, arrangement of all 24 temporal hour digits in position 22 June and 60 ° width and 1 to 5 day-night ratio, with curved slot and guide dome for the Tagsektor of the "Nuremberg time"
• 06 Single dial for 12 of the night and sunrise, arrangement of all 24 temporal hour digits in position December 22 and 60 ° width (eg Stockholm) or 1 to 5 day-night ratio, with curved slot and guide pin for the Tagsektor of the "Nuremberg time"
• 07 double dial for 3 and 9 or mirror image 9 and 3, arrangement of all
• 08 Temporal hour digits in position 22 June and 60 ° width or 1 to 5 day-night ratio, with curved slot
• 09 Single dial for 12 of the night and sunrise, arrangement of all 24 temporal hour digits in position 22nd December and 60 ° width or 1 to 5 day-night ratio, with scissor control, with guide pin for the Tagsektor of the "Nuremberg time"
• 10 Arrangement of the single and double dial discs with the two guide thorns for "Nürnberger" and "Italian time", position of the digit cartridges in three levels
• 11 Driving principle of the moon phase display via correction gear, with a deviation of one day in 120 years

Claims (10)

Temporal clock, from a mechanical or electronic timepiece ( 1 ), temporal and displaying current times and dates, controlled by a millennium calendar, global on geogr. Width adjustable and characterized in that all calendar data and astronomical data and the most important historical and current time divisions are controlled and displayed; in that the largest wheel is a date wheel ( 33 ), which is operated daily by a pawl ( 4 ), Gear or worm, makes a turn per year, which is a weekday wheel ( 35 ) and the moon phases ( 36 ) and an annual counter ( 61 ) switches; in that the date wheel has a hub as a carousel ( 34 ), on which a sprocket with 365 teeth is attached, which has a parting line ( 44 ), which is spreadable by a tooth pitch; in that the date wheel is spread, which together with the shadow tooth ( 38 ) then has 366 teeth; in that the spreading lever ( 45 ) the parting line ( 44 ) spreads a tooth pitch; in that a switching roller ( 46 ) the spreading lever ( 45 ) deflects every 4 years; in that the roller on a wheel ( 49 ), which is a leap year wheel ( 49 ) is eccentric on the carousel once in 4 years around a sun gear fixed in the center ( 50 ) turns; in that the same role every 4 years the rocker switch ( 54 ) that deflects the 400-year ratchet wheel ( 52 ) advances one of 100 teeth; in that the ratchet wheel 3 Cams ( 56 ) offset by 90 °, which every 100 years a locking lever ( 57 ) deflect; in that the locking lever slides between the roller and the expansion lever, whereby the expansion lever is not deflected, so that this year the date wheel keeps 365 teeth so that this 100-year is not a leap year; in that one of the four 90 ° positions has no ( 58 ) is squatting, the spreading of the date wheel is not prevented in the 4th century, so that this 400-year is a leap year; in that the 400-year ratchet wheel ( 52 ) an eccentric ring ( 64 ), which has the precession wheel every 400 years ( 62 ) by 2 of 129 teeth, making it turn once in 25,800 years, like the Earth's axis; in that the carousel ( 34 ) on the back of a thorn ( 68 ) on a spindle ( 71 ) is diametrically adjustable; in that so that the geogr. Latitude up to 60 ° in the northern and southern hemisphere ( 76 . 78 ) is set; in that the spindle ( 71 ) is rotated by a setting ring, which in turn is adjusted from the outside ( 76 ), in each position of the carousel ( 34 ); in that with a Einstellkrone ( 76 ) Width and date are understood separately; in that spindle ( 71 ) and thorn ( 68 ) with the carousel, whereby the mandrel passes through a circle; in that the thorn, according to the seasons, the sledge ( 21 ) moved up and down, as it is in a horizontal guide slot ( 69 ) running; in that on the carriage ( 21 ) also a thorn ( 68 ) sitting in curved slots ( 81 ) the movable dials ( 22 ), whereby they assume a position corresponding to the temporal time; in that two overlapping digit sectors ( 9 ) for day and night length, which are synonymous with continuous "Nuremberg time", of the two temporal 12 ( 24 . 25 ); in that a rotatable 24-hour dial for the "Italian period" ( 7 ) with half-hour caster from the temporal 12 of the day ( 25 ) to be led; in that the two temporal 12 on the equinoctial 24-hour scale the sunrise and sunset ( 18 . 19 ) Show; in that all calendar data and precession, except the year, are directly on the wheels ( 33 . 49 . 52 . 62 ) are displayed; the fact that in the center a 12-hour-Zeitwerk ( 1 ) is running and displaying; and in that a 24-hour hand ( 2 ) all other time displays served. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the timer ( 1 ) the date wheel ( 33 ) whose sprocket 365 teeth and the shadow tooth ( 38 ) has a parting line ( 44 ), which with the spreading lever ( 45 ) is brought to 366 teeth. Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the date wheel ( 33 ) the weekday display ( 35 ) and the annual meter ( 61 ) forever, as well as the moon phase display ( 36 ) for 120 years to the day exactly drives. Mechanism according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the spreading lever ( 45 ) of the switch roller ( 46 ), which on the 4-year wheel ( 49 ) and sits on the sun wheel ( 50 ) rolls. Mechanism according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that in the date wheel ( 33 ) concentric the 400-year switching ring ( 52 ), which has 100 teeth and of the 400-year rocker switch ( 54 ) with the 400-year ratchet ( 55 ) is incremented by one tooth every 4 years and with its three 100-year control cams ( 56 ) the locking lever ( 57 ), which is located between the spreading lever ( 45 ) and switching roller ( 46 ) and thus causes the failing century-leap year. Mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that in the 400-year switching ring ( 52 ) concentric the precession switching ring ( 62 ), which has 129 teeth inside and from the eccentric ring, ( 64 ) also in the 400-year switching ring ( 52 ), but eccentrically mounted, from the eccentric ( 65 ) and with the precession pawl ( 66 ) is incremented by two teeth in 400 years. Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the carousel ( 34 ) on the back of the carriage guide pin ( 68 ) on the adjusting spindle ( 71 ) as a spindle nut ( 70 ), in the guide slot ( 72 ) of the carousel and into the horizontal slot ( 69 ) of the carriage sticks out and with it the number guide thorn ( 20 ) moves up and down according to the season. Mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting spindle ( 71 ) with its bevel gear ( 73 ) by the latitude adjusting ring ( 74 ) on the second row of teeth, by the outer bevel gear ( 77 ) of the width and data adjustment wave ( 76 ) is set to the latitude, which also sets data of the calendar on other notch. Mechanism according to Claim 7, characterized in that the numbering mandrel ( 20 ) into the curve slots ( 81 protrudes vertically up and down over the year, on which the total of 22 digit cartridges ( 23 ) and so they moved fan-like, the two 12 he cartridges ( 18 . 19 ) according to the max. Day-night ratio of 1 to 5 to move 270 °. Mechanism according to Claims 7 and 9, characterized in that the two 12-digit dials ( 24 . 25 ) from the sledge ( 21 ), but without a thorn ( 20 ) and without curve slots ( 81 ), but with two connecting rods ( 82 ) and the remaining 10 double dials ( 22 ) with its 20 digit cartridges ( 23 ), are made by crossing scissor arms ( 26 ) in swivel joints ( 27 ) and sliding hinges ( 28 ) are kept at the same distance.

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