DE102011113678A1 - Weight-steered wind pressure relief system for use in pipe utilized as tension mast, has fabric surface or tarpaulin connected with traction cable that is pre-tensioned by weight part such that constant traction force is exerted via stroke - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a fabric surface (1) or tarpaulin stored at a stationary bearing at one side and connected with a traction cable (2). The traction cable is pre-tensioned by a weight part (9) such that constant traction force is exerted via a stroke. The constant traction force of 20 kg acts on the traction cable in run away of the traction cable and according to a detour over a stationary stored deflection roller (4) by the weight part attached at the traction cable. The weight is provided with the idle stroke such that the weight part stretches the traction cable over length of a train path.

Description

The present invention relates to a weight-controlled wind pressure relief system comprising a fabric surface or tarpaulin, which is mounted on at least one side against a stationary bearing and which is connected to a pull rope.

Sail constructions are often used for shading and rain protection. Here, for example, sun sails are used, which are clamped between attachment points. Important in the use of such awning is that there is always sufficient tension, as otherwise forms water accumulation, for example, when rain starts. The basic voltage used must not be too high, because when the wind starts, high additional forces act on the anchors of the awning. These additional forces may cause damage to the awning and anchors. Therefore, it is essential for such awnings to use a system which allows to keep the voltage constant and accordingly to improve continuously and dynamically.

In particular, awnings are according to conventional design very vulnerable to wind pressure and of course other extraneous pressure and tensile loads such as rain and hail. Therefore, tightly tensioned, non-rollable sun sails are mounted with a very high basic tension between these very complex anchorages and bearings due to the load, in order to be able to withstand the aforementioned weather effects without damage.

As an alternative to firmly strained awnings, roll-up and unrollable structures are known. In the known awning constructions, which are already manually and with motor temporarily up on a shaft and unrolled, pulling the sail from the shaft pull ropes are stretched and pulled over an abutment and the released rope often manually wound and attached to hooks. Other more advanced constructions utilize various tension spring mechanisms and pre-tensioned or motorized bobbins to pull and tension the tow rope and wind the rope being released.

Another known construction of an awning, which provides the sun sail on a shaft and roll up, is from the EP 0 865 667 B1 known. The construction is very complex and uses different cables and necessary deflections of the rope to the seated on the shaft at fixed points rope winding rollers for the most uniform possible clamping of this doublesided by a wave ausrollbaren fabrics and tarpaulins. A voltage compensation via spring mechanisms acting on the cables.

In general, this design has the advantage that the sail is rolled out and strained only when needed and can be rolled back in the event of impending overloads due to weather conditions. For this purpose, these constructions are often equipped with automatic sensory controls that automatically retract the sails in case of excessive wind load.

In the event of overloads occurring anyway, such. B. sudden thunderstorm and gale gusts, both the tightly strained sun sails and the rollable sun sails are usually equipped with break points, which should prevent a z. B. damaged by wind pressure too strong awning the very expensive train and anchoring technique, or destroyed.

Another known construction is from the AT 2007/000043 known. In the described uprights of this awning system is a gas spring, which operates a pulley as a cable storage and Zugseilaufnahme and keeps tension. This design already has a limited wind pressure compensation over a standing under constant tension gas spring.

However, a major disadvantage of this gas pressure system and other spring-loaded systems is the limited life and stroke length. Gas springs and steel springs lose pressure or tension depending on the design and load, so that over time, a decrease in the pressure or the voltage of the operated cable pull occurs.

Furthermore, there is the problem, especially with the use of gas springs, that the trajectory of an awning sail to be braced or the stroke is also relatively limited by the use of multiple-speed false trains, since the pressure for this area of use is relatively unacceptable from a safety and economic point of view can be increased. Furthermore, a gas spring has pressure differences between the retracted and the extended state, so that the voltage obtained on the cable in the retracted state is higher than in the extended state. For tensioning an awning with the post described, this means that the tension on the towing rope is highest when the sail is rolled on the shaft and lowest when the sail is unwound from the shaft. Furthermore, depending on the temperature difference between heat and frost Natural pressure differences in the gas spring on the thermal expansion of the compressed gas used, which thus cause different voltages on the operated traction cable depending on the temperature of the gas spring.

Almost all known structures in the field of sun protection such as awnings and sun sails lack the necessary robustness, immunity to interference and thus durability, as these systems are constantly exposed to the weather and its extremes. They are very susceptible to wear and breakage, especially in strong winds due to material and construction. In particular, in known awning systems, the manufacturers even promote their product with existing predetermined breaking points on the suspensions or fabrics to prevent damage to the expensive fixed system components.

The present invention has for its object to provide a maintenance-free and largely wear-free mechanical construction, which stretch fabric surfaces and tarpaulins in a precise and simple way and can relieve tension flexible.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the pull rope is biased by means of at least one weight, so that over a stroke a constant tensile force is exerted.

The big advantage that results from this is that the wind pressure relief system automatically adapts to the external conditions. Especially in strong wind and rain, the forces acting on the awning can be compensated accordingly quickly and need neither manual adjustment nor burden them further mechanical systems.

The system works independently of the weather and in particular of wind, rain and outside temperatures, evenly and unaffected. It also causes the tense fabric surfaces or tarpaulins, especially in strong wind and heavy rainfall, the yielding forces in material gentle manner for short-term pressure relief can be given, without losing the tension and gently return to pressure automatically immediately return to their desired position. It can also be used for large free-contact routes and offers new dimensioning options. The design for this is still as easy to adapt to most architectural and static conditions. Furthermore, the design shows the user their loading condition and takes up the lowest possible bearing forces of their fixed bearings.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one deflection roller is attached to a pipe, wherein the tube has an opening for insertion of the tension cable. The use of such a tube allows easy installation and management of the Zugsseils. The guide is of particular importance, because under certain circumstances, high forces from different directions act on the system and make a stable guidance of the Zugseils necessary.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the weight is disposed within the tube. Alternatively, the weight is movably mounted within the tube along the stroke. In this case, the tube proves to be additional protection and guidance of the weight and thus increases the reliability of the system.

Alternatively, a pulley system may be provided which includes a pulley block with a pulley, the weight being attached to the pulley block. Here, the pulley system can be arranged for the most part within the tube. The pulley is here on the one hand to compensate for the forces acting on the awning on a relatively small weight with a corresponding translation, on the other hand as a damping element and as a cable storage of Zugsseils.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pulley block is provided with at least one guide element, wherein the pulley block is guided over a tube provided in the linear guide rail. Alternatively or additionally, the pulley block may be provided with rollers, which roll along a pipe inner wall. Further, the weight may have a spacer, which rests against the pipe inner wall and defines a distance.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that a pivotable deflection roller is mounted above or below the steering roller, wherein the pivotable deflection roller may be provided with a guide element, wherein a linear guide rail is attached to the outside of the tube and the guide element is movable on this.

Advantageously, a Zugseileinlauf the pulley and a Zugseilauslauf the pivotable pulley with the axis of rotation of the pull rope and a pivot axis of the pivoting pulley is arranged in parallel.

It is particularly advantageous that the loose pulley block is provided with a brake body. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous to loose Pulley block to attach at least one connecting cable, which is guided over a pulley to an outlet roller and through an opening of the tube and can be connected to a weight and the deflection roller can replace the outlet roller. Alternative arrangements may provide, for example, a fixed pulley block at the top and a loose pulley block at the bottom or a reverse arrangement.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the tube has a cover at the lower end and can be filled with a liquid, preferably an oil, particularly preferably with an antifreeze additive. Particularly advantageously, the tube encloses an angle with the fall line of the weight, wherein the tube can be provided with a valve.

Furthermore, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a safety rope is provided, which runs parallel to the connecting cable and can be fastened with a draw weight. Furthermore, in an advantageous manner, a brake body can be provided, wherein it is attached to the pull rope, the loose pulley block and / or the weight.

It is particularly advantageous that a fall protection for the connecting cable and the traction cable is provided, this being provided with an Exentergleitklemme.

The present invention relates to a gewichtsverspanntes awning system with wind pressure relief, which solves the above problems in a simple and excellent functioning manner. The basic structure of the invention consists of at least one stationary bearing, on which at least one side of the fabric surface of the awning is stationary or under tension, roll-storing or up-and-down on a winding shaft. At the then at least one free end of the fabric surface, a pull rope is attached, which is guided from there to a stationary mounted pulley. In the subsequent course of the hauling rope, at least one hanging weight is directly or indirectly attached to it, which tensions the hauling rope with its pulling force and thereby tensions the material surface between the stationary bearing and the deflection roller. Tests have shown that in a single deflection installation, the weight should preferably weigh more than 20 kg over a stationary idler pulley to effect tensioning of a simple triangular awning without disturbing slack. It is of particular importance in this embodiment of the invention that the attached weight has a freewheel or available stroke, which is at least as long that the pulling movement of the weight of at least the distance of the pulling path between the stationary bearing and the stationary mounted pulley equivalent.

The particular train weight used can be in one or more parts and can also be adjusted by loading or reduction. It can be formed from a wide variety of materials, with particular stone materials used as semi-finished products in other fields having proven to be the most cost-effective solution. Here is a particularly favorable and technically already equipped for the function solution, the use of so-called well balls of stone material, which are industrially manufactured and available in different sizes and weights and already have a central through hole and offer a variety of ways to attach the ropes. The simplest solution here is to guide the respective cable through the central through-hole of the fountain ball and then to attach to a mounting body, preferably made of metal, which has a larger diameter than the through hole. In particular, when the rope at the other end centered about a Passeinsatz with the rope diameter corresponding, not sharp-edged or rounded, centric bore is inserted into the through hole, the so-called fountain ball depends relatively exactly centric under the rope, with your entire weight at the bottom Safety and functional aspects of the most reliable point is taken completely tension-free, namely at its exact lower end. Other fixations by dowels or crossbars on the ball have the disadvantage that in case of overload or frost in connection with penetrated water or weathering in general could break the attachment.

Installed in this way, overloading of the tensioned fabric surface or bearings is precluded by wind or water pressure acting suddenly on the tensioned fabric surface, since the fabric surface can relinquish these pressure moments in a relieving way. For as soon as the pressure forces occurring on the respective fabric surface are greater than the tensile force exerted by the weight, the tensile ratio is reversed in the short term and the fabric surface then pulls the weight until the pressure surplus described from the fabric surface has given way again and the falling weight the fabric surface again has retired to its resting position. The fabric surface is always kept below the tension set by weight during this process.

Tests have shown that depressurization takes place very quickly and even in the case of the strongest gusts, a short opening of the material surface is usually sufficient and that after one Such pressure relief when retracting the fabric surface in its tensioned rest position thereby to be displaced from the fabric surface air masses the case of the material surface exciting weight already strong brake.

In turbulent strong wind conditions, a sudden change of sides of the wind pressure could take place, whereby the braking effect of the air mass, as described above, would be omitted. To counteract this problem, it has proven to be extremely expedient that the pull rope is connected to the weight via a pulley mounted therebetween.

Here, the pull rope is introduced from the stationary mounted pulley as the cable component of a pulley system in a pulley, at the loose pulley block then the weight is attached as a pulling weight. In this way, the pulley is used not only as a cable storage of the traction cable, but on the causation of power losses due to the mechanical friction of the roller bearings and the radial Umlenkverformung the rope as a damping element and brake against too fast falling back of the weight after a wind pressure relief situation of the awning , In particular, in preferably used stainless steel ropes as traction cables of at least 4 mm thickness is a significant deceleration from the use of at least 3 deflections to the extent that this almost excludes a possible accident and breakage.

In tests, a pulley system freely mounted on a mast with an attached draw weight showed two major drawbacks. Firstly, the exposed idler pulleys of a loose pulley block lying at gripping height when the awning is tense show its potential risk of accidental accidental accident during a lifting operation. Secondly, when the awning is extended, the loose pulley block is twisted against the fixed pulley block, despite the use of swirl-reduced steel cables, which would result in long-term frictional damage to the steel ropes. Research has shown that twist-free ropes and guides are currently only available from a thickness of more than 10 mm, which is oversized for the majority of the installations.

In order to prevent these two disadvantages, a solution was sought in which the pulley is covered or covered running and as possible only a rope holding the hanging weight, so that rotation and thus against each other running and rubbing ropes is prevented and no one intervene in a running pulley can.

It was created a solution in which the installation of the pulley system is initially mostly introduced into a pipe used as a clamping mast. Only the stationary mounted pulley, which serves as part of the fixed pulley block, penetrates the pipe partially through an opening, so that here the pull rope can be inserted into the pipe or pulley system. To frictionally connect the loose pulley block in the pulling direction to the weight, a separate stationary mounted pulley is positioned within the tube so that it is secured approximately in the pulling direction of the pulley system and opposite the fixed pulley block side. Then a connecting cable is attached to the loose pulley block and passed from there to this separate stationary mounted pulley. From there, the connecting cable to a connecting cable out of the pipe leading out and the rope deflecting out roller, which is mounted in this embodiment in the upper end of the tube and projecting through an opening of the tube so that the connecting cable is guided out without contact to the pipe and is freely movable in fall line. It is in this embodiment of the invention with a pulley of particular importance that the attached weight has a freewheel or available stroke, which is at least as long that it is divided by at least the pulling cable in the respective installation to be pulled length of the pulling path corresponds to the translation factor of the pulley. Thus, the weight can run without contact within the stroke, the tube must be employed at an angle to the fall line of the connecting cable such that in the respective uppermost Hubwegposition of hanging freely on the connecting rope weight still no contact of the weight takes place to the tube. Otherwise, from the moment of contact, the required force would increase significantly via friction and angle lever forces, which would hinder the effort required, for example, when winding up the fabric surface onto a shaft or during a pressure relief situation.

The freely suspended visible weight has another safety advantage, because it indicates the load condition of the sail by wind pressure and the limit of the possibility of wind pressure relief, because the length or height of the respective stroke of the weight in relief situations is a clear indicator. As soon as the weight gets into the area of the end of the available stroke once or more frequently during a weather situation with strong wind and the relief situations caused by the wind pressure in gusts, this is an indication that a material surface that can be rolled up on a winding shaft, for example, is now rolled up should, since the possibility of a later overload by further increasing wind strengths exists. However, at the latest with such a lifting of the weight up to the possible end point, the load limit or at least the limit of the relief possibility of this embodiment according to the invention of a solar sail installation is indicated.

In this embodiment of the invention, the connecting cable and the separate stationary mounted pulley have a further important function with respect to the safety of the invention, because the pull rope should tear once by material break, etc., the weight would fall freely to the ground. To prevent this, the possible path between the separate stationary mounted pulley for deflecting the connecting cable and the loose pulley block is adjusted so that it corresponds to the set stroke of the outside hanging weight. This can be done both by the appropriate positioning of the separate stationary mounted pulley, as well as by the rope length adjustment of the pull rope, which runs in the pulley.

Because set in such a way after the breakage of the pull rope, the loose pulley block pulled by the attached connecting cable to its stop on the cheeks of the separate stationary mounted pulley. Thus, the case of the weight would always be stopped at the latest at the lower end of the set stroke of the weight of the connecting cable. In the event of breakage of the connecting cable, in turn, there is a safety rope, which will be described below.

The housed in this embodiment of the invention within the tube and thus inaccessible positioned to intervene pulley must still be protected against possible twisting and continue the problem of beating and grinding must be solved by the loose pulley block on the pipe inner wall, especially in wind force on the Awning the tube is involuntarily vibrated. Not only that any hitting and grinding that might occur could damage the material, it would particularly annoy the user as annoying noise.

The loose pulley block is provided with rollers in such a way that it can roll along the inner side of the inclined tube towards the bottom and is kept at a distance therefrom. Not only the force of gravity but also the targeted positioning of the attachment of the traction cable and the connecting rope cause the traction rollers and thus the loose pulley block to be pressed constantly against this side of the inner wall of the pipe, since the tension and tensile force of the weight are affected by this angle of attack , which acts on these rope components, now partially acts in a directed against this side of the pipe inner wall lateral force.

Furthermore, the possible Ausschlagweg one leading to rattling or hitting movement of the loose pulley block is limited by a mounted on the loose pulley block brake body and its circumferentially small distance from the pipe inner wall, which thus simultaneously assumes the function of an additional guide element for the loose pulley block.

The rotation of the loose pulley block is further prevented in this embodiment by this is guided approximately linearly by a sliding guide along and between a connecting cable and a safety rope. For this purpose, first the separate pulleys and the outfeed rollers are positioned and the ropes are guided over the pulleys in the way that they are out of the possible turning radius of the loose pulley block and on the rollers opposite to the inside pipe along. Furthermore, the clear distance between these ropes, which are as parallel as possible, corresponds to the distance between the outside of the cheeks of the loose pulley block. Now, the cheeks of the loose pulley block are so wide dimensioned and widened that they are always on the possible train route of loose pulley block between the two cables and sliding along these are approximately linear and protected against rotation. The located on the brake body cutouts that surround the safety rope and the connecting cable, this not only serve the Durchdringungsmöglichkeit for these ropes, but they also prevent an otherwise possible in a windfall jumping out of the ropes from this position, the ropes then on the inside the cheek or could jump together on one side of a cheek.

The cited safety rope is in this embodiment of the invention next to the connecting cable running further and identical, but parallel installed cable, which is mounted as a separate connection between the loose pulley block and the weight. It should be able to assume its function alone in the event of a cable break of the connecting cable. Thus, the functions of safety rope and connecting rope are mutually interchangeable.

The previously mentioned as an additional guide element and attached to the loose pulley block brake body has several functions within the inventions. Generally he serves in the Interaction with the air in the pipe or a liquid as an additional speed-damping brake with respect to the falling speed of the weight when sinking back after a previously taken place, for example, in a relief situation of the awning increase in weight.

It is particularly effective in this case if the tube is closed at the lower end and the tube is filled with a liquid through the openings. The level should be at least so high that the brake body meets the liquid before the weight reaches a supposed head height of a person standing underneath. Since the brake body is formed so that it occupies most of the pipe cross-section, this displaces, swirls and accelerates the liquid flowing around it during immersion and further movement in the liquid, which must flow past it. The forces required for this purpose slow down the sinking of the train weight, but without substantially reducing the fundamental tensile force of the weight. The reduction of the fundamental tensile force is limited exclusively to a negligible value of the weight of the displaced liquid. In order to drain the liquid and to regulate the level, the tube has at its lower end a valve to be opened for this purpose.

When using a liquid, the liquid should preferably be enriched with antifreeze. All of the components of the invention which come in contact with the liquid should preferably be made of a stainless steel which is resistant to corrosion by the action of water, antifreeze or salt.

In general, the amount of this braking effect depends on how high the ratio of the cross-sectional area covered by the brake body to the uncovered cross-sectional area of the tube is. The brake body, as described above, can move up and down the pipe, but in terms of its simultaneous use as an additional guide element for the loose pulley block and a related small distance of its edges to the pipe inner wall can reduce its cross-section by his body additional cutouts for a larger and faster passage of liquid are introduced.

In another embodiment of the brake body this covers the entire free cross-sectional area of the tube. The edges of the brake body facing the movable penetrating parts and the pipe inner wall are equipped with sliding or sliding materials on it, such as rubber-like plastics, spongy porous materials or also brush-like attached fibers. These should rest so tightly and tightly against the movably penetrating parts of the pipe inner wall, that the brake body on the one hand seals the air space inside the pipe above him against the air space of the pipe under him at least so far that the sliding friction associated therewith during up and down movements of the brake body neither damages the sliding materials used, nor causes a high friction loss in relation to the tensile force of the draw weight. In order to remove a functional impairment, therefore, in this embodiment, the weight added to the draw weight, which compensates for the tensile force in the amount of the average friction loss again.

Thus equipped, the brake body causes the air alone between each of it and the closed end of the pipe to brake its movement during a rapid upward or downward movement of the brake body, since the air must press against its rubber lips or brush fibers, for example. Since air is highly compressible, the braking effect starts dynamically. This causes that in a wind pressure-related relief situation and the associated sudden lifting of the weight no abrupt stop takes place at the end of the available stroke, but by the increasing pressure drop in the lower end of the pipe creates an increasing suction force, which causes an increasingly damping braking effect. When falling back the weight after the relief situation, this increasingly damping braking effect is generated by the then increasing in the lower end of the pipe and standing against the brake body pressure. With an adjustable valve at the lower end of the pipe, an additional air outlet must be set to reduce or increase the braking effect.

Depending on the embodiment of the invention and depending on the arrangement of the components according to the invention, the brake body can be mounted at different positions and also on other components of the invention within the tube. For this purpose, the brake body must each have, as far as necessary, corresponding cutouts for the penetration of movable components, allow the free flow of inventively necessary movements of the invention components and execute the corresponding train movements with.

Also, the use of multiple brake bodies is quite useful, especially if this at the same time or even mainly the function of guide elements for the loose pulley block and / or take a located within the tube train weight. So z. B. the pipe section covering and applied to the pipe inner walls brush discs, which are attached directly to a located within the tube train weight and mounted directly to a immovable and fixed to the weight loose pulley block, centering both this unit and with a Distance to the pipe inside wall inside the pipe lead, as well as the desired effect of a brake body can meet.

A further embodiment of the invention shows a solution which offers a solution in particular as a design for public spaces. For security reasons and due to the threat of vandalism or a misuse of a freely accessible and externally attached train weight another solution is much better suited here.

Here, the weight is housed inside the tube and is connected there to the pull rope or loose pulley block of a pulley system. It is important that the weight can not beat and rattle on the inner wall of the pipe. It is therefore guided without friction with a distance to the pipe inner wall. In addition to the solutions already explained in the foregoing descriptions, this object is also achieved by a spacer in the form of a roller carriage. This roller carriage can, as shown here, in approximately identical, but without pulleys correspond to the loose pulley block shown in the same figure. The weight is as well as the loose pulley block about centric with the roller carriage positively and positively connected and is thus guided linearly by the voltage applied in each case approximately on the pipe inner wall rollers along the pipe inner walls with a distance from the pipe inner wall. Another advantage of this design is that these tubes can also be placed vertically because they do not require an angle that allows a hanging weight the required free stroke.

Since a reasonable length dimensioning of the weight by the tube width and tube length is relatively limited and thus for such a construction with an internal weight, the achievable severity of the weight is limited, there is in the event that just this total space in the tube for the required lifting and Zugstrecken of pulley and weight plus the space required by the weight is not sufficient and the height of the tube can not be increased, a further embodiment of the invention. This solution should also provide a solution for it, if in the ground on which the required pipes must be installed and anchored by means of foundations, no foundations can be anchored or allowed and the system should be executed freely with a kind of base. In general, the stroke of the weight can be reduced while maintaining the tensile force on the pull rope, that the number of deflections between fixed and loose false-pull block is increased, while at the same time the severity of the attached draw weight is increased in accordance with this increase factor. In order to make this possible, a separate and significantly wider separate space is created in this solution below a pipe that is only relatively short and open at the bottom, which has the space for a multiply translated pulley block and its respectively required pull path, in which case a considerably wider one and especially heavier weight fits. The weight is connected through the lower pipe opening and a room access to the loose pulley block or to the pull rope. Thus, a required increase in weight heaviness and traction can be implemented by broadening the weight. If the tube is rigidly connected to the walls of the separate room underneath and the body of the separate room is designed as a kind of freestanding pedestal or base, no further anchoring of the pipe is required. The separate room as a base with the tube on it can then be positioned freely on the ground and set up without further anchoring as a fully functional unit. The hanging weight, minus its tensile force delivered to the fabric tension via the pull rope, acts completely as a vertically acting weight force on the body of the separate space formed as a base.

This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the example application for overvoltage with an awning for shading outdoor seats of restaurants in urban streets. The separate room could be combined in a comparable sizing with a conventional concrete raised bed container and appear as such.

Especially in this last-described embodiment of the invention, the general advantage of the invention is particularly clear because the traction cable of the awning, even under pressure loads from wind or rain always under a relatively low base tension acts as a transverse attacking tilting or leverage on the tube, are. It is by far not so strong anchorages of the pipes and other bearings needed for the bracing of the fabric surface, as would be the case especially for tightly clamped or installations without relief system.

As a result of their free positioning capability, solar sails are also often installed as permanently installed protective installations and canopies thanks to the free installation of their insert bearings on poles, pipes and posts. This type of roofing is particularly often provided as protection against sun and rain in kindergartens and their outdoor playgrounds and sandboxes, as well as paddling pools for children in public bathing establishments. Just here, the invention in an embodiment with constantly tense fabric or tarpaulin their advantages play. For it is precisely with these permanent tensions that, in the case of conventional installations, due to the static and tension forces which also withstand storm forces, it is very cost-intensive to invest in the strong anchoring and tension required for this, without actually providing protection against a complete material breakage. In the embodiment according to the invention, the traction cables by means of heavy weights in the tubes are indeed under a higher base tension, as this would be necessary for rollable systems, set, however, the strong wind peaks are intercepted relieving by the relief movement and the fabric or tarpaulin is then back to its state of tension withdrawn.

The invention has the further advantage not yet described separately, that they are excellent especially in very large and especially with up and unrollable surface tension, in which the fabric surfaces are mounted rollable on a winding shaft and where distances of over 10 meters are free to span can be used. Because the constant force required in each case, which increases with the length of each free to be clamped surface is simple and inexpensive by means of appropriate weights practically almost arbitrarily increased.

Due to the robustness and simplicity of the invention, there are many other possibilities of application. This also applies, for example, to the tensioning of vertical fabric surfaces or foils and tarpaulins, which are used as advertising surfaces in temporary outdoor use as construction site signs or advertising transparencies. Furthermore, the invention is also excellently suitable for a variety of applications in the architectural field and in normally fixed bracing installations of fabric and tarpaulin surfaces, such as canopies, protective roofs or temporary installations on open-air stages. For otherwise usually statically fixed tensions by the use of the invention, the load limits are significantly increased by wind pressure for a material breaking that would otherwise occur if these load limits at the anchors or tense surfaces exceeded. This is prevented in an installation according to the invention characterized in that at peak loads occurring, such as a storm gust, in the static usually the breaking point is reached, takes place at this point a short-term relief. For this purpose, the weight used for bracing must be adjusted by its severity with a tensile force, which corresponds precisely to this load limit to material fracture.

In particular, however, the invention is an excellent solution for the diverse requirements and arrangements as awning for shading and rain protection. Even within an equipped with wind sensors and automatically rolled up to a motorized shaft system, the invention clearly shows advantages over existing solar sails systems. Thus, the set value for wind pressure in the sensor required for the rolling command can be set much higher because load peaks by wind pressure not as usual then tug at the material or lead to material failure before the sail is automatically retracted, but always intercepted by the discharge, without The relieving material surface begins to flutter or hit as it is constantly under the damped tension of the weight. The invention does not require any complicated spring mechanisms for dynamic force curves or various tensioning and winding devices for trains and ropes. Their components are all alone and in interaction all simple and robust, so that in an installation according to the invention, theoretically down to the fabric surface of a maintenance freedom without function restriction or change in constant clamping force can be assumed. The assembly is very easy relative to other solar sails systems, since only low tensile forces act and virtually no sudden lateral forces can act on the bearings by wind.

The invention will be explained again with reference to FIGS.

It shows

1 a cross section of a wind pressure relief system with a pulley system in a pipe used as a clamping mast,

2 a plan view according to the 1 according to section AB,

3 a plan view accordingly 1 according to section CD,

4 a plan view according to the 1 according to section EF,

5 in a plan view of a brake body accordingly 1 and 3 .

6 in a plan view of a brake body accordingly 7 .

7 an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system with the weight inside the pipe,

8th another alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system,

9 , in a detailed view of a spacer in the form of a roller carriage according to the embodiment in 7 .

10 a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system in use for tensioning a sunshade attached to a wall,

11 in a detail view of the upper end of a wind pressure relief system,

12 a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system with tensioned awning,

13 a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system and a strong wind pressure exposed awning,

14 an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system at two ends with an attached to a pull rope awning,

15 Another application example of the wind pressure relief system with a triangular awning, wherein at each end a pull rope is attached,

16 a wind pressure relief system accordingly 15 with an installation like in 7 .

17 an alternative embodiment accordingly 14 with a wind pressure relief system according to 7 and

18 a plan view accordingly 7 according to cut JK.

1 shows a wind pressure relief system in which the pulley system initially largely in a pipe used as a clamping mast 3 is included. A stationary mounted pulley 4 in this embodiment is part of the fixed pulley block 7 , This penetrates the pipe 3 partly through an opening 19 , Through the opening 19 can a pull rope 2 in the pipe 3 or a pulley system 6 be introduced. A loose pulley block 8th becomes frictionally on a weight 9 via a separate stationary mounted pulley 4 attached. A connecting rope 18 is on the loose pulley block 8th attached and is further on the separate stationary mounted pulley 4 guided. The rope 2 is on an outlet roll 20 guided, which the traction rope 2 out of the pipe 3 leads. For the smooth functioning of the wind pressure relief system, the weight 9 a free stroke, at least that of the tow rope 2 to pull the length of the train path divided by the translation factor of the flat train system 6 equivalent. Thus the weight 9 within the stroke is freely movable, the tube points 3 an angle 47 to the fall line of the Zugseils 2 on.

In order to relieve the wind pressure effectively, the wind pressure relief system has a pulley system 6 in a tube 3 on. The pulley system 6 consists of a solid pulley block 7 and a loose pulley block 8th , Furthermore pulleys are provided for the operation of the pulley. The rope 2 is via a pivotally mounted pulley 12 on a stationary mounted pulley 4 over an opening 19 guided. The swiveling pulley 12 is received in a pivotally mounted attachment, the attachment about the pivot axis 30 is rotatably mounted. The stationary mounted pulley 4 leads the pull rope 2 from the fixed pulley block 7 on the loose pulley block 8th , where the pull rope 2 to the rope component 5 a pulley is guided. The rope component 5 is via an eyelet on a fastening device 40 the loose pulley block 8th established. A connecting rope 18 is at the bottom of the loose pulley block 8th over the fastening device 45 with the fixed pulley block 7 connected. The connecting rope 18 is about a stationary pulley 32 guided. The loose pulley block 8th also has a brake body, the mobility of the loose pulley block 8th additionally dampens. Through the brake body 15 the wind pressure is already partially relieved. The connecting rope 18 is about an outlet roll 20 through an opening 21 out of the pipe 3 guided. Outside the pipe 3 is the connection rope 18 with the weight 9 connected. The loose pulley block 8th is with castors 31 Mistake. These allow the loose pulley block 8th an up and down movement within the tube 3 to enable.

The pipe 3 In addition, can still with a liquid 16 up to a level line 29 be filled, reducing the movement of the loose pulley block 8th inside the tube 3 is additionally dampened. The fill level line 29 the liquid 16 can according to the required height of movement of the loose pulley block 8th be adjusted.

The at the fastening device 40 attached rope component 5 describes with the inner wall of the pipe 3 a draw angle 64 , The draw angle 64 also found between the at the fastening device 45 attached connecting rope 18 and the inside of the tube 3 , The pipe 3 is also still with a lid 1 and a pipe closure 52 provided to the liquid 16 in the tube 3 to keep.

2 shows in a plan view of the wind pressure relief system accordingly 1 according to section AB. Here is the pivoting pulley 12 in a parallel position to the inlet of the pull rope 2 shown and the maximum pivotable positions of the pulley according to the pivot angle 53 around the pivot axis 30 indicated. The pull rope runs over the pulley 12 over an opening 19 in the pipe 3 , Furthermore, the axes of rotation 39 the stationary pulley 4 as well as the outlet roll 20 and the backup role 22 shown inside the tube. A cheek 42 forms the conclusion of the fixed pulley block 7 inside the tube 3 , In addition to the spill roll 20 is another exit role 24 provided a safety rope 22 out of the pipe 3 leads.

3 shows in a plan view of the wind pressure relief system 1 along the section CD. The loose pulley block 8th inside the tube 3 has rollers 31 on that along the inner wall of the tube 3 the loose pulley block 8th support. The safety rope 22 runs parallel to the connection cable 18 over the opposite cheek 42 the loose pulley block 8th , Furthermore, a deflection roller 54 provided, which the cable component 5 of the traction cable within the loose pulley block 8th deflects. The rope component 5 is doing on the fixture 40 on the loose pulley block 8th appropriate.

4 shows in a plan view of the wind pressure relief system accordingly 1 along the section EF. A pulley 32 leads the connecting rope 18 from the loose pulley block 8th back to the fixed pulley block 7 , Another deflection roller 44 leads the safety rope 22 to the fixed pulley block 7 ,

5 shows a brake body 15 , the part of the loose pulley block 8th is and recesses in the form of a cutout 49 for a connecting rope 18 and a safety rope 22 has, as well as recesses in the form of a cutout 50 for a cheek 42 , each in duplicate for the pulley 42 , for the connection rope 18 and the safety rope 22 , The brake body 15 increases the pressure surface against which the loose pulley block 8th inside the liquid 16 in the pipe 3 has to be moved.

6 shows the top view of a brake body 15 according to the embodiment in 7 , The brake body 15 in each case has a section twice 51 as a passage and a cutout 50 for the cheeks 42 on. In addition, the brake body 15 with a clipping 63 provided for a linear guide rail.

7 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system, in which the weight 9 inside the tube 3 is housed. Here's the weight 9 Part of the loose pulley block 8th and attached at the bottom. The loose pulley block 8th points here for better guidance over the execution in 1 more rollers 31 on. Due to the integral embodiment significantly fewer pulleys are needed. In this embodiment, furthermore, the pivotable deflection roller 12 like the stationary mounted pulley 4 of the fixed pulley block 7 and the pulleys of the rope component 5 for its attachment to the fastening device 40 the loose pulley block 8th intended. The pipe 3 also has a valve 27 for regulating the fluid 16 on.

8th shows a further alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system in 7 , This is a larger weight 9 in a foot of the pipe 3 accommodated. The foot of the pipe 3 is significantly wider than the upper part of the tube 3 , In this embodiment, the foot requires sufficient displacement 61 in which the weight 9 is moved up and down.

9 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system according to 7 , where the loose pulley block 8th has an extension at which the weight 9 as well as other rollers 31 attached to a spacer.

10 shows a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system in use with one on a wall 33 attached awning. The awning is at a stationary warehouse 26 attached and over a free end 25 with the rope 2 the fabric area 35 connected. The rope 2 becomes over the train way 59 curious; excited. The wind pressure relief system is on the ground 34 fastened, with the pipe 3 an angle 47 with the connection cable 18 includes. The weight 9 is shown in a retracted position of the awning and in an extended position 36 indicated.

11 shows a section of the upper end of the wind pressure relief system, wherein the rope 2 over the stationary mounted pulley 4 in the pipe 3 enters. The connecting part 18 runs over an outlet roll 20 through the opening 21 back out of the pipe together with a safety rope 22 which is about the exit roller 24 exit.

12 shows a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system in use with a triangular canvas with a fabric surface 35 , this one over a stationary warehouse 26 on the wall 33 is attached. The free end 25 the fabric area 35 is over the tow rope 2 connected to the wind pressure relief system. The weight 9 is here in the weight position 36 shown with the sun sails extended and in the weight position 37 indicated with sunshade retracted.

13 shows the in 11 and 12 described device under strong wind pressure 46 , Furthermore, a stopper 58 on the rope 2 intended. The wind pressure 46 puffs the fabric surface 35 like a wind sail. This will be the pull rope 2 accordingly tense and the weight 9 is pulled up via the wind pressure relief system. The wind pressure relief system guarantees a constant tension of the pull rope 2 , The wind slows down again and takes away the wind pressure 46 off, the fabric surface relaxes 35 the awning again and the weight 9 ensures a constant tension of the awning over the tow rope 2 ,

14 shows an embodiment similar to in 11 described, however, the awning is not triangular, but quadrangular and thus has two free ends 25 on. At each free end 25 a wind pressure relief system is provided. The operation of the wind pressure relief system at high wind pressure 46 is similar to in 13 described with the difference that every wind pressure relief system over a weight 9 to compensate for the tensile load on the traction cable 2 is provided.

15 shows an alternative use of the wind pressure relief system. The awning is here on the fabric surface 35 provided with a wind pressure relief system at each end. In this embodiment, a triangular sun sail is shown, which has three free ends 25 features, each with a pull rope 2 with a weight 9 the wind pressure relief system is connected. The operation of the wind pressure relief system corresponds to the previous embodiments.

16 shows the comments 15 with a wind pressure relief system, where the weight 9 inside the tube 3 according to the embodiment in 7 is provided.

17 shows an alternative embodiment accordingly 14 , However, wind pressure relief systems are used, where the weight 9 in a separate foot 38 according to 8th is arranged.

18 shows a plan view of the tube 7 on average according to JK. The rope component 5 the pulley is this over a pulley 54 guided. In addition, the loose pulley block is running 8th over four rollers 31 on the inner wall of the pipe 3 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cover

2

rope

3

pipe

4

idler pulley

5

Cable component

6

pulley system

7

solid pulley block

8th

loose pulley block

9

Weight

10

guide element

11

Linear guide rail

12

swiveling pulley

13

Zugseilauslauf

14

Zugseileinlauf

15

Brakes

16

liquid

17

spacer

18

connecting cable

19

opening

20

outfeed roller

21

opening

22

safety rope

23

distance

24

outfeed roller

25

free end

26

camp

27

Valve

28

arrow

29

fill line

30

swivel axis

31

castors

32

idler pulley

33

wall

34

ground

35

fabric area

36

weight position

37

weight position

38

room

39

axis

40

fastening device

41

axis of rotation

42

cheek

43

cheek

44

idler pulley

45

fastening device

46

wind pressure

47

angle

48

circular cutout

49

neckline

50

neckline

51

neckline

52

pipe plug

53

swivel angle

54

idler pulley

55

installation

56

installation

57

installation

58

stopper

59

flyway

60

stroke

61

capacity

62

Linear guide rail

63

neckline

64

Zugwinkel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0865667 B1 [0005]
• AT 2007/000043 [0008]

Claims (14)

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system with one on at least one side at a stationary bearing ( 26 ) opposite material surface ( 1 ) or tarpaulin, which with a pull rope ( 2 ), characterized in that the traction cable ( 2 ) by means of at least one weight ( 9 ) is biased, so over a stroke ( 60 ) a constant tensile force is applied. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the course of the traction cable ( 2 ) and after the deflection via a stationary mounted pulley ( 4 ) by means of a pull rope ( 2 ) attached weight ( 9 ) a constant tensile force of at least 20 kg on the traction cable ( 2 ) and the weight ( 9 ) a free stroke ( 60 ) which is at least as large that the weight ( 9 ) the traction cable ( 2 ) over the length of the train path ( 59 ) tense. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflection roller ( 4 ) on a pipe ( 3 ), whereby the pipe ( 3 ) an opening ( 19 ) for insertion of the traction cable ( 2 ) having. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the weight ( 9 ) within the tube ( 3 ) and / or that the weight ( 9 ) inside the tube ( 3 ) along the stroke ( 60 ) is movably mounted. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a pulley system ( 6 ) is provided, which a pulley block ( 7 ) with the deflection roller ( 4 ), wherein the weight ( 9 ) on the pulley block ( 8th ) and / or that the pulley system ( 6 ) for the most part within the tube ( 4 ) is arranged. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pulley block ( 8th ) with at least one guide element ( 10 ), the pulley block ( 8th ) over one in the pipe ( 3 ) provided linear guide rail ( 11 ) and / or that the pulley block ( 8th ) with rollers ( 31 ) and roll it along a tube inner wall and / or that the weight ( 9 ) a spacer ( 17 ), wherein this rests against the pipe inner wall and a distance ( 23 ). Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that above or below the deflection roller ( 4 ) a pivotable pulley ( 12 ) is provided and / or that the pivotable deflection roller ( 12 ) with a guide element ( 10 ), wherein a linear guide rail ( 11 ) on the outside of the tube ( 3 ) is attached and the guide element ( 10 ) is movable on this. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a Zugseileinlauf ( 14 ) of the pulley ( 4 ) and a Zugseilauslauf ( 13 ) of the pivoting pulley ( 12 ) with the axis of rotation of the pull rope ( 41 ) and a pivot axis ( 30 ) of the pivoting pulley ( 12 ) is arranged in parallel. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pulley block ( 8th ) with a brake body ( 15 ) and / or that on the pulley block ( 8th ) at least one connecting cable ( 18 ) is fastened, this via a pulley ( 32 ) to an exit role ( 20 ) in an opening ( 21 ) of the pipe ( 3 ) and with the weight ( 9 ) is connectable, wherein the deflection roller ( 32 ) the outlet roll ( 20 ) replaced. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pipe ( 3 ) has a cover at the lower end and with a liquid ( 16 ) is preferably an oil, more preferably filled with an antifreeze additive. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tube with the falling line of the weight ( 9 ) an angle ( 47 ) and / or that the pipe ( 3 ) with a valve ( 17 ) is provided. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a safety rope ( 22 ) is provided, wherein this parallel to the connecting cable ( 18 ) and with a draw weight ( 9 ) is attachable. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a brake body ( 15 ) is provided, this on the pull rope, pulley block ( 8th ) and / or weight ( 9 ) is attached. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a fall-protection for the connecting cable and the traction cable is provided, which is provided with a Exentergleitklemme.

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