EP2707557A1

EP2707557A1 - Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system

Info

Publication number: EP2707557A1
Application number: EP12723849.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rainer Wronka
Original assignee: Kochenrath Peter; Wronka Marc
Priority date: 2011-05-12
Filing date: 2012-05-08
Publication date: 2014-03-19
Also published as: WO2012152791A1; DE202011109765U1; DE102011113678A1; AU2012252496A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a weight-controlled wind pressure relief system comprising a material surface (1) or tarpaulin which is mounted on at least one side on a stationary mount (26) and which is connected to a control cable (2). The control cable is pretensioned by means of at least one weight (9) such that a constant tensile force is exerted over a stroke travel. The wind pressure relief system here adapts automatically to the external weather conditions, in particular to wind and rain. The forces acting can be compensated for in a correspondingly quick manner and require no manual readjustment.

Description

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system

The present invention relates to a weight-controlled wind pressure relief system with a fabric surface or tarpaulin mounted on at least one side on a stationary bearing, which is connected to a pull rope.

Sail constructions are often used for shading and rain protection. Here, for example, sun sails are used, which are clamped between attachment points. It is important in the use of solar sails to ensure that there is always sufficient tension, as otherwise water accumulates when the rain starts to rain. The basic voltage used must not be too high, because when the wind starts, high additional forces act on the anchors of the awning. These additional forces may cause damage to the awning and anchors.

Therefore, it is essential for such awnings to use a system which allows to keep the voltage constant and accordingly to improve continuously and dynamically. In particular, awnings are according to conventional design very vulnerable to wind pressure and of course other extraneous pressure and tensile loads such as rain and hail. For this reason, tightly tensioned, non-roll-up awnings with a very high basic tension are mounted between these very costly anchorages and bearings, in order to be able to withstand the aforementioned weather effects without damage.

As an alternative to firmly strained awnings, roll-up and unrollable structures are known. In the known awning constructions, which can be rolled up and unrolled temporarily on a shaft manually or with an engine, the tensioning cables pulling the sail from the shaft are stretched and tightened over an abutment and the rope which is freed is still wound up manually and fastened to hooks. Other more advanced constructions utilize various tension spring mechanisms and pre-tensioned or motorized bobbins to pull and tension the tow rope and wind the rope being released.

Another known construction of an awning, which provides the sun sail rolling up and down on a shaft, is known from EP 0 865 667 B1. The construction is very complex and uses different cables and necessary deflections of the rope to the seated on the shaft at fixed points rope winding rollers for the most uniform possible clamping of this doublesided by a wave ausrollbaren fabrics and tarpaulins. A voltage compensation via spring mechanisms acting on the cables.

In general, this design has the advantage that the sail is rolled out and strained only when needed and can be rolled back in the event of impending overloads due to weather conditions. For this purpose, these constructions are often equipped with automatic sensory controls that automatically retract the sails in case of excessive wind load.

In the event of any overloads occurring, e.g. sudden thunderstorm and gale gusts, both the tightly strapped sun sails and the rollable sun sails are usually equipped with predetermined breaking points which are intended to prevent an e.g. By wind pressure too strong awning the very expensive tensile and anchoring technique damaged or destroyed.

Another known construction is known from AT 2007/000043. In the described uprights of this awning system is a gas spring, which operates a pulley rope storage and Zugseilaufnahme and holding on to tension. This design already has a limited wind pressure compensation over a standing under constant tension gas spring. However, a major disadvantage of this gas pressure system and other spring-loaded systems is the limited life and stroke length. Gas springs and steel springs lose pressure or tension depending on the design and load, so that over time, a decrease in the pressure or the voltage of the operated cable pull occurs.

Furthermore, there is the problem, especially with the use of gas springs, that the trajectory of an awning sail to be braced or the stroke is also relatively limited by the use of multiple-speed false trains, since the pressure for this area of use is relatively unacceptable from a safety and economic point of view can be increased. Furthermore, a gas spring has pressure differences between the retracted and the extended state, so that the voltage obtained on the cable in the retracted state is higher than in the extended state. For tensioning an awning with the post described, this means that the tension on the towing rope is highest when the sail is rolled on the shaft and lowest when the sail is unwound from the shaft. Furthermore, there are depending on the temperature difference between heat to frost natural pressure differences in the gas spring over the Wärmeaus expansion of the pressure gas used, which thus cause different voltages depending on the temperature of the gas spring on the operated traction cable.

Almost all known structures in the field of sun protection such as awnings and sun sails lack the necessary robustness, unsusceptibility to interference and thus lifetime, as these systems constantly exposed to the weather and its extremes. They are very susceptible to wear and breakage, especially in strong winds due to material and construction. In particular, in known awning systems, the manufacturers even promote their product with existing predetermined breaking points on the suspensions or fabrics to prevent damage to the expensive fixed system components.

The present invention has for its object to provide a maintenance-free and largely wear-free mechanical construction, which span fabric surfaces and tarpaulins in an exact and simple manner and can flexibly relieve tensile stress.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the pull rope is biased by means of at least one weight, so that over a stroke a constant tensile force is exerted.

The big advantage that results from this is that the wind pressure relief system automatically adapts to the external conditions. Especially in strong wind and rain, the forces acting on the awning can be compensated accordingly quickly and need neither manual adjustment nor burden them further mechanical systems.

The system works independently of the weather and in particular of wind, rain and outside temperatures, evenly and unaffected. It also causes the tense fabric surfaces or tarpaulins, especially in strong wind and heavy rainfall, the yielding forces in material gentle manner for short-term pressure relief can be given, without losing the tension and gently return to pressure automatically immediately return to their desired position. It can also be used for large free-contact routes and offers new dimensioning options. The design for this is still as easy to adapt to most architectural and static conditions. Furthermore, the design shows the user their loading condition and takes up the lowest possible bearing forces of their fixed bearings.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one deflection roller is attached to a pipe, wherein the tube has an opening for insertion of the tension cable. The use of such a tube allows easy installation and management of the Zugsseils. The guidance is of particular importance, since under certain circumstances high forces from different directions act on the system and necessitate a stable guidance of the pulling cable.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the weight is disposed within the tube. Alternatively, the weight is movably mounted within the tube along the stroke. In this case, the tube proves to be additional protection and guidance of the weight and thus increases the reliability of the system.

Alternatively, a pulley system may be provided which includes a bottle block with a pulley, the weight being attached to the pulley block. Here, the pulley system can be arranged for the most part within the tube. The pulley is here on the one hand to compensate for the forces acting on the awning on a relatively small weight with a corresponding translation, on the other hand as a damping element and as a cable storage of Zugsseils.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pulley block is provided with at least one guide element, wherein the pulley block is guided over a tube provided in the linear guide rail. Alternatively or additionally, the pulley block may be provided with rollers, wherein the roll along a pipe inner wall. Further, the weight may have a spacer, which rests against the pipe inner wall and defines a distance. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, it is provided that a pivotable deflection roller is mounted above or below the steering roller, wherein the pivotable deflection roller may be provided with a guide element, wherein a linear guide rail is attached to the outside of the tube and the guide element is movable on this.

Advantageously, a Zugseileinlauf the pulley and a Zugseilauslauf the pivotable pulley with the axis of rotation of the pull rope and a pivot axis of the pivoting pulley is arranged in parallel. It is particularly advantageous that the loose pulley block is provided with a brake body. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous to attach to the loose pulley block at least one connecting cable, which is guided over a pulley to an outlet roller and through an opening of the tube and is connected to a weight and the deflection roller can replace the outlet roller. Alternative arrangements may provide, for example, a fixed pulley block at the top and a loose pulley block at the bottom or a reverse arrangement.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the tube has a cover at the lower end and can be filled with a liquid, preferably an oil, particularly preferably with an antifreeze additive. Particularly advantageously, the tube encloses an angle with the fall line of the weight, wherein the tube can be provided with a valve. Furthermore, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a safety rope is provided, which runs parallel to the connecting cable and can be fastened with a draw weight. Furthermore, in an advantageous manner, a brake body can be provided, wherein it is attached to the pull rope, the loose pulley block and / or the weight.

It is particularly advantageous that a fall protection for the connecting cable and the traction cable is provided, this being provided with an Exentergleitklemme.

The present invention relates to a gewichtsverspanntes awning system with wind pressure relief, which solves the above problems in a simple and excellent functioning manner. The basic structure of the invention consists of at least one stationary bearing, on which at least one side of the fabric surface of the awning is stationary or under tension, roll-storing or up-and-down on a winding shaft. At the then at least one free end of the fabric surface, a pull rope is attached, which is guided from there to a stationary mounted pulley. In the subsequent course of the hauling rope, at least one hanging weight is attached directly or indirectly thereto, which tensions the hauling rope with its pulling force and thereby tensions the material surface between the stationary bearing and the deflection roller. Tests have shown that in a single deflection installation, the weight should preferably weigh more than 20 kg over a stationary idler pulley to effect tensioning of a simple triangular awning without disturbing slack. It is of particular importance in this embodiment of the invention that the appended weight has a freewheel or available stroke, which is at least as long that the pulling movement of the weight at least the distance of the train path between the stationary bearing and the stationary gelager- th pulley corresponds. The particular train weight used can be in one or more parts and can also be adjusted by loading or reduction. It can be formed from a wide variety of materials, with stone materials in particular, which are used as semi-finished products in other areas, having proven to be the most cost-effective solution. Here is a particularly favorable and technically already equipped for the function solution, the use of so-called well balls of stone material, which are industrially manufactured and available in different sizes and weights and already have a central through hole and offer a variety of ways to attach the ropes. The simplest solution here is to guide the respective cable through the centric through bore of the fountain ball and then to fasten it to a fastening body, preferably of metal, which has a larger diameter than the passage bore. In particular, when the rope at the other end centered about a Passeinsatz with the rope diameter corresponding, not sharp-edged or rounded, centric bore is inserted into the through hole, the so-called fountain ball depends relatively exactly centric under the rope, with your entire weight at the bottom Safety and functional aspects of the most reliable point is taken completely tension-free, namely at its exact lower end. Other fixations by dowels or crossbars on the ball have the disadvantage that in case of overload or frost in connection with penetrated water or weathering in general could break the attachment.

Installed in this way, overloading of the tensioned fabric surface or bearings is precluded by wind or water pressure acting suddenly on the tensioned fabric surface, since the fabric surface can relinquish these pressure moments in a relieving way. Because as soon as the pressure forces on the respective fabric surface are greater than those due to the weight If the traction force is exerted in the short term, the tensile ratio is reversed and the material surface then pulls the weight until the described pressure surplus has disappeared from the material surface and the falling weight has pulled the material surface back into its rest position. The fabric surface is always kept below the tension set by weight during this process.

Tests have shown that pressure relief takes place very quickly and even in the strongest gusts a short opening of the fabric surface is sufficient and that after such a pressure relief when retracting the fabric surface in its tensioned rest position the air masses to be displaced from the fabric surface Case of the material surface exciting weight already strong brake. In turbulent strong wind conditions, a sudden change of sides of the wind pressure could take place, whereby the braking effect of the air mass, as described above, would be omitted. To counteract this problem, it has proven to be extremely expedient that the pull rope is connected to the weight via a pulley mounted therebetween.

Here, the pull rope is introduced from the stationary mounted pulley as the cable component of a pulley system in a pulley, at the loose pulley block then the weight is attached as a pulling weight. In this way, the pulley is used not only as a cable storage of the traction cable, but on the causation of power losses due to the mechanical friction of the roller bearings and the radial Umlenkverformung the rope as a damping element and brake against too fast falling back of the weight after a wind pressure relief situation of the awning , In particular, in preferably used stainless steel cables as tension cables of at least 4 mm thickness takes a significant deceleration the use of at least 3 deflections to the extent that this almost excludes a possible risk of accidents and breakage.

In tests, a pulley system freely mounted on a mast with an attached draw weight showed two major drawbacks. Firstly, the exposed idler pulleys of a loose pulley block lying at gripping height when the awning is tense indicate its potential accident risk in the event of accidental intervention during a stroke. Secondly, when the awning is extended, the loose pulley block is twisted against the fixed bottle block, despite the use of swirl-reduced steel ropes, which would result in long-term frictional damage to the steel ropes. Research has shown that twist-free ropes and guides are currently only available from a thickness of more than 10 mm, which is oversized for the majority of the installations.

In order to prevent these two disadvantages, a solution was sought in which the pulley is covered or covered running and as possible only a rope holding the hanging weight, so that rotation and thus against each other running and rubbing ropes is prevented and no one intervene in a running pulley can.

It was created a solution in which the installation of the pulley system is initially mostly introduced into a pipe used as a clamping mast. Only the stationary mounted pulley, which serves as part of the fixed pulley block, penetrates the pipe partially through an opening, so that here the pull rope can be inserted into the pipe or pulley system. In order to frictionally connect the loose pulley block in the pulling direction to the weight, a separate stationary mounted pulley is positioned within the tube so that it is approximately in the pulling direction of the pulley system and opposite the side of the fixed pulley block. ckes is attached. Then, a connecting cable is attached to the loose pulley block and guided from there to this separate stationary mounted pulley. From there, the connecting cable to a connecting cable out of the pipe leading out and the rope deflecting out roller, which is mounted in this embodiment in the upper end of the tube and projecting through an opening of the tube so that the connecting cable is guided out without contact to the pipe and is freely movable in fall line. It is of particular importance in this embodiment of the invention with a pulley that the attached weight has a freewheel or available stroke away, which is at least so long that it at least the length to be pulled by the pull rope in the respective installation Zugweges divided by the translation factor of the pulley corresponds. Thus, the weight can run without contact within the stroke, the tube must be employed at an angle to the fall line of the connecting cable such that in the respective uppermost Hubwegposition of hanging freely on the connecting rope weight still no contact of the weight takes place to the tube. Otherwise, from the moment of contact, the required force would increase significantly via friction and angular lever forces, which would hinder the effort required, for example, when winding up the fabric surface onto a shaft or during a pressure relief situation.

The freely suspended visible weight has another safety advantage, because it indicates the load condition of the sail by wind pressure and the limit of the possibility of wind pressure relief, because the length or height of the respective stroke of the weight in relief situations is a clear indicator. As soon as the weight gets into the area of the end of the available stroke once or more frequently during a weather situation with strong wind and the relief situations caused by the wind pressure in gusts, this is an indication that a material surface that can be rolled up on a winding shaft, for example, is now rolled up should, since the Possibility of later overloading by further increasing wind forces exists. However, at the latest with such a lifting of the weight up to the possible end point, the load limit or at least the limit of the relief possibility of this embodiment according to the invention of a solar sail installation is indicated.

In this embodiment of the invention, the connecting cable and the separate stationary mounted pulley have a further important function with respect to the safety of the invention, because the pull rope should tear once by material break, etc., the weight would fall freely to the ground. To prevent this, the possible path between the separate stationary mounted pulley for deflecting the connecting cable and the loose pulley block is adjusted so that it corresponds to the set stroke of the outside hanging weight. This can be done both by the corresponding positioning of the separate stationary mounted pulley, as well as by the rope length adjustment of the pull rope, which runs in the pulley.

This is because, after the breakage of the traction cable, the loose pulley block is set in such a way that it is pulled by the connecting cable fastened to it to its stop on the cheeks of the separate stationarily mounted deflecting roller. Thus, the case of the weight would always be stopped at the latest at the lower end of the set stroke of the weight of the connecting cable. In the event of a breakage of the connecting cable, in turn, a safety rope is present, which will be described below.

The housed in this embodiment of the invention within the tube and thus inaccessible to intervene pulley must still be protected against possible twisting and continue to the problem of beating and grinding by the loose pulley block the pipe inner wall to be solved, since in particular when the wind effect on the awning, the tube is involuntarily vibrated. Not only that any hitting and grinding that might occur could damage the material, it would particularly annoy the user as annoying noise.

The loose pulley block is provided with rollers in such a way that it can roll along the inner side of the inclined tube towards the bottom and is kept at a distance therefrom. Not only the force of gravity, but also the targeted positioning of the attachment of the traction cable and the connecting rope cause the traction rollers and thus the loose pulley block to be pressed constantly against this side of the inner wall of the pipe, since the tension and traction force are affected by this angle of attack the weight, which acts on these rope components, now partially acts in a transverse force directed against this side of the Rohrin- nenwand.

Furthermore, the possible Ausschlagweg one leading to rattling or hitting movement of the loose pulley block is limited by a brake block mounted on the loose pulley block and its circumferentially small distance to the pipe inner wall, which thus simultaneously assumes the function of an additional guide element for the loose pulley block.

The rotation of the loose pulley block is further prevented in this embodiment by this is guided by a sliding guide along and between a connecting cable and a safety rope approximately linear. For this purpose, first the separate deflection rollers and the outlet rollers are positioned and the cables are guided over the deflection rollers in such a manner that they are moved outside the possible rotational radius of the loose pulley block and on the inside of the tube opposite the rollers. leads are. Furthermore, the clear distance between these ropes, which are as parallel as possible, corresponds to the distance between the outside of the cheeks of the loose bottle train block. Now, the cheeks of the loose pulley block are so wide dimensioned and widened that they are always on the possible train route of loose pulley block between the two cables and sliding along these are approximately linear and protected against rotation. The located on the brake body cutouts that surround the safety rope and the connecting cable, this not only serve the Durchdringungsmöglichkeit for these ropes, but they also prevent an otherwise possible in a windfall jumping out of the ropes from this position, the ropes then on the inside the cheek or could jump together on one side of a cheek.

The cited safety rope in this embodiment of the invention is a further cable which runs next to the connecting cable and has the same construction but which is installed in parallel and which is mounted as a separate connection between the loose bottle tensile block and the weight. It should be able to assume its function alone in the event of a cable break of the connecting cable. Thus, the functions of safety rope and connecting rope are interchangeable.

The brake body previously mentioned as an additional guide element and fastened to the loose bottle block has a number of functions within the inventions. In general, it serves in conjunction with the air in the tube or a liquid as an additional speed-damping brake with respect to the falling speed of the weight when sinking back to a previously held, for example, in a relief situation of the awning increase in weight. It is particularly effective in this case if the tube is closed at the lower end and the tube is filled with a liquid through the openings. The level should be at least high enough for the brake body to hit the fluid before the weight reaches a supposed head height of a person below it. Since the brake body is formed so that it occupies most of the pipe cross-section, this displaces, swirls and accelerates the liquid flowing around it during immersion and further movement in the liquid, which must flow past it. The forces required for this slow down the draw weight, but without significantly reducing the basic tensile force of the weight. The reduction of the fundamental tensile force is limited exclusively to a negligible value of the weight of the displaced liquid. In order to drain the liquid and to regulate the level, the tube has at its lower end a valve to be opened for this purpose.

When using a liquid, the liquid should preferably be enriched with antifreeze. All constituents of the invention which come into contact with the liquid should preferably be made of a stainless steel which is resistant to corrosion by the action of water,

Frost protection or salt is resistant.

In general, the amount of this braking effect depends on how high the ratio of the cross-sectional area covered by the brake body to the uncovered cross-sectional area of the tube is. The brake body, as described above, can move up and down the pipe, but in terms of its simultaneous use as an additional guide element for the loose pulley block and a related small distance of its edges to the pipe inner wall can reduce its cross-section by his body additional cutouts for a larger and faster passage of liquid are introduced. In another embodiment of the brake body this covers the entire free cross-sectional area of the tube. The edges of the brake body facing the movable penetrating parts and the pipe inner wall are equipped with sliding or sliding materials on it, such as rubber-like plastics, spongy porous materials or also brush-like attached fibers. These should rest so tightly and tightly against the movably penetrating parts of the pipe inner wall, that the brake body on the one hand seals the air space inside the pipe above him against the air space of the pipe under him at least so far that the sliding friction associated therewith during up and down movements of the brake body neither damages the sliding materials used, nor causes a high friction loss in relation to the tensile force of the draw weight. To lift a functional impairment, therefore, in this embodiment, the train weight added a share of weight, which compensates for the tensile force in the amount of the average friction loss again.

Thus equipped, the brake body causes the air alone between each of it and the closed end of the pipe to brake its movement during a rapid upward or downward movement of the brake body, since the air must press against its rubber lips or brush fibers, for example. Since air is highly compressible, the braking effect starts dynamically. This causes that in a wind pressure-related relief situation and the associated sudden lifting of the weight no abrupt stop takes place at the end of the available stroke, but by the increasing pressure drop in the lower end of the pipe creates an increasing suction force, which causes an increasingly dampening braking effect. When falling back of the weight after the relief situation, this increasingly damping braking effect by the then increasing in the lower end of the tube and standing against the brake body over- pressure generated. With an adjustable valve at the lower end of the pipe, an additional air outlet must be set to reduce or increase the braking effect. Depending on the embodiment of the invention and depending on the arrangement of the components according to the invention, the brake body can be mounted at different positions and also on other components of the invention within the tube. For this purpose, the brake body must, if necessary, have corresponding cutouts for the passage of movable components, allow the free flow of the movement of the invention components necessary according to the invention, and execute the corresponding pulling movements.

The use of several brake bodies also makes sense, especially if they simultaneously or even predominantly assume the function of guide elements for the loose pulley block and / or a train weight located inside the tube. Thus, for example, the pipe section covering and fitting to the pipe inner walls brush discs, which are attached directly to a train weight located within the tube and mounted directly to a fixed and immovable to the weight loose pulley block, both centering and with this unit lead a distance to the pipe inner wall within the tube, as well as can fulfill the desired effect of a brake body. A further embodiment of the invention shows a solution which offers a solution in particular as a design for public spaces. For security reasons and due to the threat of vandalism or a misuse of a freely accessible and externally attached train weight another solution is much better suited here. Here, the weight is housed inside the tube and is connected there to the pull rope or loose pulley block of a pulley system. It is important that the weight can not beat and rattle on the inner wall of the pipe. It is therefore guided without friction at a distance to the tube inner wall. In addition to the solutions already explained in the foregoing descriptions, this object is also achieved by a spacer in the form of a roller carriage. This roller carriage can, as shown here, in approximately identical, but without pulleys correspond to the loose pulley block shown in the same figure. The weight is as well as the loose pulley block about centric with the roller carriage positively and positively connected and is thus guided linearly by the voltage applied in each case approximately on the pipe inner wall rollers along the pipe inner walls with a distance from the pipe inner wall. Another advantage of this design is that these tubes can also be placed vertically because they do not require an angle that allows a hanging weight the required free stroke.

Since a reasonable length dimensioning of the weight by the tube width and tube length is relatively limited and thus for such a construction with an internal weight, the achievable severity of the weight is limited, there is for the case that just this total space in the pipe for the required Lifting and pulling distances of pulley and weight plus the space required by the weight is not sufficient and the overall height of the pipe can not be increased further, a further embodiment of the invention. This solution should also provide a solution for it, if in the ground on which the required pipes must be installed and anchored by means of foundations, no foundations can be anchored or allowed and the system should be executed freely with a kind of base. In general, the stroke of the weight can be shortened while maintaining the same tensile force on the traction cable, that the number of Um- increases steering between fixed and loose false train block, while at the same time the severity of the attached train weight is increased in accordance with this increase factor. In order to make this possible, a separate and significantly wider separate space is created in this solution below a pipe that is only relatively short and open at the bottom, which has the space for a multiply translated pulley block and its respectively required pull path, in which case a considerably wider one and especially heavier weight fits. The weight is connected through the lower pipe opening and a room access to the loose pulley block or to the pull rope. Thus, a required increase in weight heaviness and traction can be implemented by broadening the weight. If the tube is rigidly connected to the walls of the separate room underneath and if the body of the separate room is designed as a kind of freestanding pedestal or base, no further anchoring of the pipe is required. The separate room as a base with the tube on it can then be positioned freely on the ground and set up without further anchoring as a fully functional unit. The suspended weight, minus its tensile force delivered to the fabric tension on the tension cable, acts completely as a vertically acting weight force on the body of the separate space formed as a base.

This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the example application for overvoltage with an awning for shading outdoor seats of restaurants in urban streets. The separate room could be combined in a comparable sizing with a conventional concrete raised bed container and appear as such.

Especially in this last-described embodiment of the invention, the general advantage of the invention is particularly clear, because the pull rope of the sun screen always under pressure even under pressure from wind or rain a relatively low base voltage acts as a transverse attacking tilt or leverage on the pipe are. Rigid anchoring of the pipes and other bearings is not required by far for the clamping of the fabric surface, as would be the case, in particular, in the case of tightly braced or in the case of installations without a relief system.

As a result of their free positioning capability, solar sails are also often installed as permanently installed protective installations and canopies thanks to the free installation of their insert bearings on poles, pipes and posts. This type of roofing is particularly often provided as protection against sun and rain in kindergartens and their outdoor playgrounds and sandboxes, as well as paddling pools for children in public bathing establishments. Just here, the invention in an embodiment with constantly tense fabric or tarpaulin their advantages play. Because of these permanent tensions, in the case of conventional installations, due to the static forces and restraining forces which also withstand storm forces, it is very costly to invest in the strong anchoring and tension required for this, without actually providing protection against a complete material breakage. In the embodiment according to the invention, the traction cables by heavy weights in the tubes are indeed under a higher base tension, as this would be necessary for rollable systems set, however, the strong wind peaks are intercepted relieving by the relief movement and the fabric or tarpaulin is then back to its state of tension withdrawn.

The invention has the further advantage not yet described separately, that they are excellent especially in very large and especially with up and unrollable surface tension, in which the fabric surfaces are mounted rollable on a winding shaft and where distances of over 10 meters are free to span can be used. Because the required constant traction, which increases with the length of each free to be clamped surface is simple and inexpensive by means of appropriate weights practically almost arbitrarily increased. Due to the robustness and simplicity of the invention, there are many other possibilities of application. This also applies, for example, to the bracing of vertical fabric surfaces or foils and tarpaulins, which are used as advertising spaces in temporary outdoor use as construction site signs or advertising transparencies. Furthermore, the invention is also outstandingly suitable for a variety of applications in the architectural field and in normally fixed bracing installations of fabric and tarpaulin surfaces, such as canopies, protective roofs or temporary installations on open-air stages. For otherwise usually statically fixed tensions by the use of the invention, the load limits are significantly increased by wind pressure for a material breaking that would otherwise occur if these load limits at the anchors or tense surfaces exceeded. This is prevented in an installation according to the invention characterized in that at peak loads occurring, such as a storm gust, in the static usually the breaking point is reached, takes place at this point a short-term relief. For this purpose, the weight used for bracing must be adjusted by its severity with a tensile force, which corresponds precisely to this load limit to material fracture.

In particular, however, the invention is an excellent solution for the diverse requirements and arrangements as sun sails for shading and as rain protection. Even within an equipped with wind sensors and automatically rolled up to a motorized shaft system, the invention clearly shows advantages over existing solar sails systems. Thus, the set value for wind pressure in the sensor required for the roll-in command can be set much higher, since peak loads due to wind pressure not as usual tug on the material or lead to material breakage before the sail is retracted automatically, but always intercepted by the relief without the relieving fabric surface starts to flutter or hit, as this constant under the damped tension of the weight stands. The invention does not require any complicated spring mechanisms for dynamic force curves or various tensioning and winding devices for trains and ropes. Their components are all alone and in interaction all simple and robust, so that in an installation according to the invention, theoretically down to the fabric surface of a maintenance freedom without function restriction or change in constant clamping force can be assumed. The assembly is very easy relative to other solar sails systems, since only low tensile forces act and virtually no sudden lateral forces can act on the bearings by wind.

The invention will be explained again with reference to FIGS. It shows:

Fig. L is a cross section of a wind pressure relief system with a pulley system in a used as a clamping mast

Pipe,

2 is a plan view corresponding to the figure 1 according to section A-B,

3 is a plan view corresponding to Figure 1 according to section C-D,

4 is a plan view corresponding to the figure 1 according to section E-F,

5 is a plan view of a brake body according to Figure 1 and Figure 3, 6 is a plan view of a brake body according to Figure 7,

7 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system with the weight inside the pipe,

8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system,

9 shows a detail view of a spacer in the form of a roller carriage according to the embodiment in FIG. 7, FIG.

10 is a schematic representation of the Winddruckentlastungssys- system in use for tensioning an attached to a wall awning,

11 is a detail view of the upper end of a wind pressure relief system,

12 is a schematic representation of Winddruckentlastungssys- system with taut awning,

13 is a schematic illustration of the wind pressure relief system and a sunshade exposed to high wind pressure; FIG. 14 is an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system at two ends with an awning attached to a pull rope; 15 shows a further example of an application of the wind pressure relief system with a triangular sun sail, a pull cable being fastened at each end, FIG. 16 a wind pressure relief system corresponding to FIG. 15 with an installation as in FIG. 7, FIG.

17 shows an alternative embodiment according to FIG. 14 with a wind pressure relief system according to FIG. 7 and a plan view corresponding to FIG. 7 according to section J-K.

FIG. 1 shows a wind pressure relief system in which the pulley system is initially largely accommodated in a tube 3 used as a tensioning mast. A stationary mounted pulley 4 is in this embodiment part of the fixed pulley block 7. This penetrates the pipe 3 partially through an opening 19. Through the opening 19, a pull rope 2 in the tube 3 and a pulley system 6 are introduced. A loose bottle-pull block 8 is fastened non-positively to a weight 9 via a separate, stationarily mounted deflection roller 4. A connecting cable 18 is attached to the loose pulley block 8 and is further guided on the separate stationary mounted pulley 4. The traction cable 2 is guided on an outfeed roller 20 which guides the traction cable 2 out of the pipe 3. For smooth operation of the wind pressure relief system, the weight 9 has a free stroke, which corresponds to at least the length of the pull path to be pulled by the pull rope 2 divided by the translation factor of the flat pull system 6. Thus, the weight 9 is freely movable within the stroke, the tube 3 at an angle 47 to the fall line of the Zugsseils 2. In order to relieve the wind pressure effectively, the wind pressure relief system has a pulley system 6 in a pipe 3. The pulley system 6 consists of a fixed pulley block 7 and a loose pulley block 8. Furthermore pulleys are provided for the operation of the pulley. The traction cable 2 is guided via a pivotally mounted deflection roller 12 on a stationary mounted deflection roller 4 via an opening 19. The pivotable deflection roller 12 is accommodated in a pivotally movable attachment, wherein the attachment is rotatably mounted about the pivot axis 30. The stationary mounted guide pulley 4 guides the pull cable 2 from the fixed pulley block 7 onto the loose pulley block 8, the pull rope 2 being guided to the cable component 5 of a pulley block. The cable component 5 is fixed via an eyelet to a fastening device 40 of the loose pulley block 8. A connecting cable 18 is connected at the lower end of the loose bottle train block 8 to the fixed bottle train block 7 via the fastening device 45. The connecting cable 18 is guided over a stationary deflection roller 32. The loose pulley block 8 also has a brake body which additionally dampens the mobility of the loose pulley block 8. By the brake body 15, the wind pressure is already partially relieved. The connecting cable 18 is guided out of the pipe 3 via an outlet roller 20 through an opening 21. Outside the tube 3, the connecting cable 18 is connected to the weight 9. The loose pulley block 8 is provided with rollers 31. These allow the loose pulley block 8 to allow an up and down movement within the tube 3. The tube 3 may also be filled with a liquid 16 to a level line 29, whereby the movement of the loose pulley block 8 is additionally attenuated within the tube 3. The level line 29 of the liquid 16 can be adjusted according to the required height of movement of the loose pulley block 8. The attached to the fastening device 40 cable component 5 describes with the inner wall of the tube 3, a pull angle 64. The drawbar 64 is also located between the attached to the fastening device 45 connecting cable 18 and the inside of the tube 3. The tube 3 is also still with a Cover 1 and a tube closure 52 provided to hold the liquid 16 in the tube 3.

Figure 2 shows in a plan view of the wind pressure relief system according to Figure 1 according to section AB. Here, the pivotable guide roller 12 is shown in a parallel position to the inlet of the traction cable 2 and the maximum pivotable positions of the guide roller according to the pivot angle 53 indicated about the pivot axis 30. The pull cable runs over the deflection roller 12 through an opening 19 in the tube 3. Furthermore, the axes of rotation 39 of the stationary deflection roller 4 and the outlet roller 20 and the securing roller 22 are shown within the tube. A cheek 42 forms the conclusion of the fixed pulley block 7 within the tube 3. In addition to the outlet roller 20, a further outlet roller 24 is provided which guides a safety rope 22 from the tube 3. FIG. 3 shows a top view of the wind pressure relief system according to FIG. 1 along the section CD. The loose pulley block 8 within the tube 3 has rollers 31 which support the loose pulley block 8 along the inner wall of the tube 3. The safety cable 22 runs parallel to the connecting cable 18 via the opposite cheek 42 of the loose pulley block 8. Furthermore, a deflection roller 54 is provided, which deflects the cable component 5 of the pull cable within the loose pulley block 8. The cable component 5 is attached to the fastening device 40 on the loose pulley block 8. FIG. 4 shows a top view of the wind pressure relief system according to FIG. 1 along the section EF. A deflection pulley 32 leads the connecting cable 18 from the loose pulley block 8 back to the fixed pulley block 7. A further pulley 44 guides the safety rope 22 to the fixed pulley block 7.

FIG. 5 shows a brake body 15, which is a component of the loose pulley block 8 and has recesses in the form of a cutout 49 for a connecting cable 18 and a safety rope 22, as well as recesses in the form of a cutout 50 for a cheek 42, each in duplicate for the pulley 42, for the connecting cable 18 and the safety rope 22. The brake body 15 increases the pressure surface, against which the loose pulley block 8 within the liquid 16 in the tube 3 must be moved. FIG. 6 shows the plan view of a brake body 15 according to the embodiment in FIG. 7. The brake body 15 in each case has a cutout 51 as a passage and a cutout 50 for the cheeks twice. In addition, the brake body 15 is provided with a cutout 63 for a linear guide rail.

FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system, in which the weight 9 is accommodated within the tube 3. Here, the weight 9 is part of the loose pulley block 8 and attached to the lower end. The loose pulley block 8 has here for better guidance compared to the embodiment in Figure 1 further rollers 31. Due to the integral embodiment significantly fewer pulleys are needed. In this embodiment, further, the pivotable guide roller 12 as the stationary mounted guide pulley 4 of the fixed pulley block 7 and the pulleys of the cable component 5 to its attachment to the fastening device 40th the loose pulley block 8 is provided. The tube 3 also has a valve 27 for regulating the liquid 16.

FIG. 8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system in FIG. 7. In this case, a larger weight 9 is accommodated in one foot of the tube 3. The foot of the tube 3 is formed significantly wider than the upper part of the tube 3. In this embodiment, the foot requires sufficient displacement 61, in which the weight 9 is moved up and down.

FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system according to FIG. 7, wherein the loose pulley block 8 has an extension to which the weight 9 and further rollers 31 are fastened to a spacer.

Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system in use with an attached to a wall 33 awning. The awning is attached to a stationary bearing 26 and connected via a free end 25 with the Zugsseil 2 of the fabric surface 35. The traction cable 2 is stretched over the Zugweg 59. The wind pressure relief system is mounted on the floor 34, the pipe 3 enclosing an angle 47 with the connecting cable 18. The weight 9 is shown in a retracted position of the awning and indicated in an extended position 36. Figure 11 shows a section of the upper end of the wind pressure relief system, wherein the pull rope 2 enters via the stationary mounted deflection roller 4 in the tube 3. The connecting member 18 passes through an outlet roller 20 through the opening 21 out of the tube together with a safety rope 22, which exits via the outlet roller 24. Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of the wind pressure relief system in use with a triangular canvas with a fabric surface 35, which is attached via a stationary bearing 26 on the wall 33. The free end 25 of the fabric surface 35 is connected via the pull cable 2 of the wind pressure relief system. The weight 9 is shown here in the weight position 36 when the sun sail is extended and indicated in the weight position 37 when the sun sail is retracted.

FIG. 13 shows the device described in FIGS. 11 and 12 under strong wind pressure 46. Furthermore, a stopper 58 is provided on the traction cable 2. The

Wind pressure 46 inflates the fabric surface 35 like a wind sail. As a result, the traction cable 2 is tensioned accordingly and the weight 9 is pulled over the wind pressure relief system upwards. The wind pressure relief system guarantees a constant tension of the pull rope 2. If the wind fades again and thus decreases the wind pressure 46, the fabric surface 35 of the sun sail relaxes again and the weight 9 ensures a constant tension of the sun sail over the pull rope 2.

FIG. 14 shows an embodiment similar to that described in FIG. 11, but the awning is not triangular, but quadrangular and thus has two free ends 25. At each free end 25, a wind pressure relief system is provided. The operation of the wind pressure relief system at high wind pressure 46 is similar to that described in Figure 13 with the difference that each wind pressure relief system is provided via a weight 9 to compensate for the tensile load on the traction cable 2.

FIG. 15 shows an alternative embodiment of the wind pressure relief system. The awning is provided here via the fabric surface 35 at each end with a wind pressure relief system. In this embodiment, a triangular awning is shown which has three free ends 25, which is connected in each case via a pull rope 2 with a weight 9 of Winddruckentlas- system. The operation of Winddruckentlastungs- system corresponds to the previous embodiments. FIG. 16 shows the embodiments from FIG. 15 with a wind pressure relief system, the weight 9 being provided inside the tube 3 according to the embodiment in FIG.

FIG. 17 shows an alternative embodiment according to FIG. 14. Here, however, wind pressure relief systems are used, in which the weight 9 is arranged in a separate foot 38 according to FIG.

Figure 18 shows a plan view of the tube of Figure 7 in section corresponding to JK. The cable component 5 of the pulley is here guided over a deflection roller 54. In addition, the loose pulley block 8 runs over four rollers 31 on the inner wall of the tube. 3

Reference list

1 lid

2 pull rope

3 pipe

4 pulley

5 rope component

6 pulley system

7 solid pulley block

8 loose pulley block

9 weight

10 guide element

11 Linear guide rail

12 pivoting pulley

13 pull rope outlet

14 pull rope inlet

15 brake body

16 liquid

17 spacers

18 connecting rope

19 opening

20 outlet roller

21 opening

22 safety rope

23 distance

24 outlet roller

25 free end

26 bearings

27 valve

28 directional arrow 29 level line

30 pivot axis

31 rollers

32 pulley

33 wall

34 floor

35 fabric area

36 weight position

37 weight position

38 room

39 axis

40 fastening device

41 rotation axis

42 cheek

43 cheek

44 pulley

45 fastening device

46 wind pressure

47 angles

48 circle cutout

49 detail

50 section

51 section

52 pipe closure

53 swivel angle

54 pulley

55 Installation

56 Installation

57 Installation

58 stoppers flyway

stroke

capacity

Linear guide rail cutout

Zugwinkel

Claims

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system comprising a fabric surface (1) or tarpaulin, which is connected to a pull rope (2) on at least one side on a stationary bearing (26), characterized in that the pull rope (2) is prestressed by means of at least one weight (9) is, so over a stroke (60) a constant tensile force is applied. 2. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to claim 1 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that in the course of the traction cable (2) and after the deflection via a stationary mounted deflection roller (4) by means of a pull rope (2) fixed weight (9) has a constant tensile force of at least 20 kg acting on the pull rope (2) and the weight (9) has a free stroke (60) which is at least so large that the weight (9) tensioning the pull rope (2) over the length of the pull path (59) ,

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system after at least ei¬ nem of claims 1 or 2 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the deflection roller (4) on a tube (3) is fixed, wherein the tube (3) has an opening (19) for insertion of the pull cable (2).

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1, 2 or 3 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the weight (9) is arranged inside the tube (3) and / or that the weight (9) is arranged inside the tube (3) along the Hubwegs (60) is movably mounted. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a pulley system (6) is provided, which comprises a pulley block (7) with the deflection roller (4), wherein the weight (9) on Fla - Schenzugblock (8) is attached and / or that the pulley system (6) for the most part within the tube (4) is arranged.

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pulley block (8) is provided with at least one guide element (10), the pulley block (8) being provided via a linear guide rail (11) provided in the pipe (3) ) is guided and / or that the pulley block (8) is provided with rollers (31) and roll it along a pipe inner wall and / or that the weight (9) has a spacer (17), which rests against the pipe inner wall and a distance (23).

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 6 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a pivotable deflection roller (12) is provided above or below the deflection roller (4) and / or that the pivotable deflection roller (12) is provided with a guide element (10). is provided, wherein a linear guide rail (11) on the outside of the tube (3) is mounted and the guide element (10) is movable on this.

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a Zugseileinlauf (14) of the deflection roller (4) and a Zugseilauslauf (13) of the pivotable deflection roller (12) with the axis of rotation of the pull cable (41) and a pivot axis (30) of the pivotable deflection roller (12) is arranged in parallel.

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 8 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the pulley block (8) is provided with a brake body (15) and / or that at least one connecting cable (18) can be fastened to the pulley block (8) this is guided via a deflection roller (32) to an outlet roller (20) in an opening (21) of the tube (3) and with the weight (9) is connectable, wherein the deflection roller (32) replaces the outlet roller (20).

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the tube (3) has a cover at the lower end and can be filled with a liquid (16), preferably an oil, particularly preferably with an antifreeze additive.

11. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tube with the fall line of the weight (9) includes an angle (47) and / or that the tube (3) is provided with a valve (17) ,

Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 11 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a safety rope (22) is provided, which runs parallel to the connecting cable (18) and can be fastened with a draw weight (9).

13. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a brake body (15) is provided, which is attached to the pull rope, pulley block (8) and / or the weight (9).

14. Weight-controlled wind pressure relief system according to at least one of claims 1 to 13 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that a fall protection for the connecting cable and the traction cable is provided, which is provided with an Exentergleitklemme.