DE102011113666A1 - Method and device for producing two purified partial air streams - Google Patents

Method and device for producing two purified partial air streams Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102011113666A1
DE102011113666A1 DE102011113666A DE102011113666A DE102011113666A1 DE 102011113666 A1 DE102011113666 A1 DE 102011113666A1 DE 102011113666 A DE102011113666 A DE 102011113666A DE 102011113666 A DE102011113666 A DE 102011113666A DE 102011113666 A1 DE102011113666 A1 DE 102011113666A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
partial air
air flow
low
partial
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DE102011113666A
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German (de)
Inventor
wird später genannt werden Erfinder
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to DE102011113666A priority Critical patent/DE102011113666A1/en
Priority to US14/345,717 priority patent/US10222120B2/en
Priority to CN201280046020.1A priority patent/CN104185767B/en
Priority to KR1020147010644A priority patent/KR101947112B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2012/003945 priority patent/WO2013053425A2/en
Priority to AU2012323524A priority patent/AU2012323524B2/en
Priority to EP12766000.9A priority patent/EP2758735A2/en
Publication of DE102011113666A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011113666A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
    • F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
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    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
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    • F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
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    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/40—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/52—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen enriched compared to air ("crude oxygen")
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen

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Abstract

Das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung dienen zur Erzeugung zweier gereinigter Luftteilströme unter verschiedenen Drücken. Ein Gesamtluftstrom (1) wird auf einen ersten Gesamtluftdruck verdichtet. Der verdichtete Gesamtluftstrom (5) wird unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck durch Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser gekühlt. Der Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser zur Kühlung des Gesamtluftstroms (5) wird mindestens teilweise als direkter Wärmeaustausch in einem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen (6) durchgeführt. Der gekühlte Gesamtluftstrom (9) wird in einen ersten Luftteilstrom (10) und einen zweiten Luftteilstrom (11) aufgeteilt. Der erste Luftteilstrom (10) wird unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck in einer ersten Reinigungseinrichtung (18) gereinigt und als erster gereinigter Luftteilstrom (19) gewonnen. Der zweite Luftteilstrom (11) wird auf einen höheren Druck nachverdichtet (12), der höher als der erste Gesamtluftdruck ist. Der nachverdichtete zweite Luftteilstrom (14) wird durch Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser gekühlt. Der gekühlte zweite Luftteilstrom (17) wird unter dem höheren Druck in einer zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung (30) gereinigt und als zweiter gereinigter Luftteilstrom (31) gewonnen.The method and apparatus serve to produce two purified partial air streams at different pressures. A total air flow (1) is compressed to a first total air pressure. The compressed total air flow (5) is cooled below the first total air pressure by heat exchange (4, 6) with cooling water. The heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the total air flow (5) is at least partially carried out as direct heat exchange in a first condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (6) The cooled total air flow (9) is introduced into a first partial air flow (10) and The first partial air flow (10) is purified under the first total air pressure in a first purification device (18) and obtained as the first purified partial air flow (19). 12) which is higher than the first total air pressure The recompressed second partial air stream (14) is cooled by heat exchange (4, 6) with cooling water The cooled second partial air stream (17) is cleaned under the higher pressure in a second cleaning device (30) and recovered as a second purified partial air stream (31).

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung zweier gereinigter Luftteilströme unter verschiedenen Drücken.The invention relates to a method for producing two purified partial air streams at different pressures.

Als ”Kondensator-Verdampfer” wird ein Wärmetauscher bezeichnet, in dem ein erster kondensierender Fluidstrom in indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit einem zweiten verdampfenden Fluidstrom tritt. Jeder Kondensator-Verdampfer weist einen Verflüssigungsraum und einen Verdampfungsraum auf, die aus Verflüssigungspassagen beziehungsweise Verdampfungspassagen bestehen. In dem Verflüssigungsraum wird die Kondensation (Verflüssigung) eines ersten Fluidstroms durchgeführt, in dem Verdampfungsraum die Verdampfung eines zweiten Fluidstroms. Verdampfungs- und Verflüssigungsraum werden durch Gruppen von Passagen gebildet, die untereinander in Wärmeaustauschbeziehung stehen.The term "condenser-evaporator" refers to a heat exchanger in which a first condensing fluid stream undergoes indirect heat exchange with a second evaporating fluid stream. Each condenser-evaporator has a liquefaction space and an evaporation space, which consist of liquefaction passages or evaporation passages. In the liquefaction space, the condensation (liquefaction) of a first fluid flow is performed, in the evaporation space the evaporation of a second fluid flow. Evaporation and liquefaction space are formed by groups of passages that are in heat exchange relationship with each other.

Ein Kondensator-Verdampfer kann beispielsweise als Fallfilm- oder Badverdampfer ausgebildet sein. Bei einem ”Fallfilmverdampfer” strömt das zu verdampfende Fluid von oben nach unten durch den Verdampfungsraum und wird dabei teilweise verdampft. Bei einem ”Badverdampfer” (gelegentlich auch ”Umlaufverdampfer” oder Thermosiphon-Verdampfer” genannt) steht der Wärmetauscherblock in einem Flüssigkeitsbad des zu verdampfenden Fluids. Dieses strömt mittels des Thermosiphon-Effekts von unten nach oben durch die Verdampfungspassagen und tritt oben als Zwei-Phasen-Gemisch wieder aus. Die verbleibende Flüssigkeit strömt außerhalb des Wärmetauscherblocks in das Flüssigkeitsbad zurück. (Bei einem Badverdampfer kann der Verdampfungsraum sowohl die Verdampfungspassagen als auch den Außenraum um den Wärmetauscherblock umfassen.)A condenser-evaporator may be formed, for example, as a falling film or bath evaporator. In a "falling-film evaporator", the fluid to be evaporated flows from top to bottom through the evaporation space and is partially evaporated. In a "bath evaporator" (sometimes called "circulation evaporator" or thermosiphon evaporator "), the heat exchanger block is in a liquid bath of the fluid to be evaporated. This flows by means of the thermosiphon effect from bottom to top through the evaporation passages and exits the top again as a two-phase mixture. The remaining liquid flows outside the heat exchanger block back into the liquid bath. (In a bath evaporator, the evaporation space may include both the evaporation passages and the outside space around the heat exchanger block.)

Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen-Zwischenverdampfer und der Niederdrucksäulen-Sumpfverdampfer) können im Inneren der Niederdrucksäule angeordnet sein oder einem oder mehreren separaten Behältern.The condenser-evaporators for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure column intermediate evaporator and the low-pressure column bottom evaporator) may be arranged in the interior of the low-pressure column or one or more separate containers.

Aus EP 342436 A2 ist es bekannt, einen Gesamtluftstrom (1) auf einen ersten Gesamtluftdruck zu verdichten, auf zwei Luftteilströme aufzuteilen, einen davon nachzuverdichten und die beiden Luftteilströme in zwei Reinigungseinrichtungen, die unter verschiedenen Drücken betrieben werden zur verdichtet wird, zu reinigen.Out EP 342436 A2 it is known, a total air flow ( 1 ) to be compressed to a first total air pressure, divided into two partial air streams, recompressing one of them and to purify the two partial air streams in two cleaning devices, which are operated under different pressures to be compressed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein derartiges Verfahren und eine entsprechende Vorrichtung so zu gestalten, dass sie energetisch besonders günstig zu betreiben sind.The invention has for its object to make such a method and a corresponding device so that they are energetically particularly favorable to operate.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Bei der Erfindung wird der Gesamtluftstrom vor seiner Aufteilung auf eine besonders niedrige Temperatur abgekühlt, die mit konventionellen Nach- oder Zwischenkühlern üblicherweise nicht erreicht wird. Mit dieser besonders niedrigen Temperatur tritt dann der zweite Luftteilstrom in die Nachverdichtung ein. Die entsprechende Volumenreduzierung am Eintritt des Nachverdichters bewirkt eine spürbare Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrads der Nachverdichtung und spart dadurch Energie.In the invention, the total air stream is cooled before its division to a particularly low temperature, which is usually not achieved with conventional aftercoolers or intercoolers. With this particularly low temperature then enters the second partial air stream in the recompression. The corresponding volume reduction at the inlet of the post-compressor causes a noticeable improvement in the efficiency of the re-compression and thus saves energy.

Grundsätzlich kann die Kühlung des Gesamtluftstroms durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit besonders kaltem Kühlwasser bewirkt werden. Günstiger ist es jedoch, wenn der Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser zur Kühlung des Gesamtluftstroms mindestens teilweise als direkter Wärmeaustausch in einem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen durchgeführt wird. Vor den ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen kann ein konventioneller Nachkühler geschaltet sein, in dem der Gesamtluftstrom nach seiner Verdichtung auf den ersten Gesamtluftdruck durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser auf eine Temperatur gekühlt wird, die regelmäßig höher als die Umgebungstemperatur ist. Die Kühlung kann aber auch ausschließlich in dem Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen vorgenommen werden.In principle, the cooling of the total air flow can be effected by indirect heat exchange with particularly cold cooling water. It is more favorable, however, if the heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the total air flow is at least partially carried out as a direct heat exchange in a first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure column.) Before the first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns can Conventional aftercooler, in which the total air flow is cooled after its compression to the first total air pressure by indirect heat exchange with cooling water to a temperature which is regularly higher than the ambient temperature (the low-pressure columns are made.

Auch der Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser zur Kühlung des nachverdichteten zweiten Luftteilstroms (14) kann grundsätzlich indirekt erfolgen. Vorzugsweise wir diese Kühlung jedoch mindestens teilweise als direkter Wärmeaustausch in einem zweiten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen durchgeführt. Vor den zweiten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen kann ein konventioneller Nachkühler geschaltet sein, in dem der nachverdichtete zweite Luftteilstrom durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser auf eine Temperatur gekühlt wird, die regelmäßig höher als die Umgebungstemperatur ist. Die Kühlung kann aber auch ausschließlich in dem Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen vorgenommen werden.Also, the heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the recompressed second partial air stream ( 14 ) can in principle be done indirectly. Preferably, however, this cooling is carried out at least partially as a direct heat exchange in a second The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure column.) Before the second The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns may be connected a conventional aftercooler, in which the second post-condensed Air partial flow is cooled by indirect heat exchange with cooling water to a temperature which is regularly higher than the ambient temperature.The cooling can be made however also exclusively in the The condenser evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns.

Alle Verdichtungsschritte können mehrstufig ausgeführt sein und weisen dann vorzugsweise je eine konventionelle Zwischenkühlung zwischen jedem Paar von aufeinander folgenden Stufen auf.All the compression steps can be multi-stage and then preferably each have a conventional intermediate cooling between each pair of successive stages.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem die Anwendung des obigen Verfahrens zur Bereitstellung von Einsatzluft auf zwei unterschiedlichen Druckniveaus für eine Tieftemperatur-Luftzerlegung gemäß Patentanspruch 4.The invention also relates to the use of the above method for providing feed air at two different pressure levels for a cryogenic air separation according to claim 4.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 5. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann durch Vorrichtungsmerkmale ergänzt werden, die den Merkmalen der abhängigen Verfahrensansprüche entsprechen.The invention also relates to a device according to claim 5. The device according to the invention can be supplemented by device features which correspond to the features of the dependent method claims.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand eines in 1 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention and further details of the invention are described below with reference to an in 1 explained embodiment illustrated schematically.

Atmosphärische Luft 1 wird in 1 von einem Hauptluftverdichter 3 mit Nachkühler 4 über ein Filter 2 angesaugt und dort auf einen ersten Gesamtluftdruck von 3,1 bar verdichtet. Der Hauptluftverdichter kann zwei oder mehr Stufen mit Zwischenkühlung aufweisen; er ist aus Redundanzgründen vorzugsweise zweisträngig ausgebildet (beides in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt). Der Gesamtluftstrom 5 wird unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck und einer Temperatur von 295 K einem ersten Direktkontaktkühler 6 zugeführt und dort in direktem Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser 7 aus einem Verdunstungskühler 8 weiter auf 283 K abgekühlt. Der abgekühlte Gesamtluftstrom 9 wird in einen ersten Luftteilstrom 10 und einen zweiten Luftteilstrom 11 aufgeteilt.Atmospheric air 1 is in 1 from a main air compressor 3 with aftercooler 4 over a filter 2 sucked and compressed there to a first total air pressure of 3.1 bar. The main air compressor may have two or more stages with intercooling; it is preferably designed for redundancy reasons two-stranded (both not shown in the drawing). The total airflow 5 is under the first total air pressure and a temperature of 295 K a first direct contact cooler 6 fed and there in direct heat exchange with cooling water 7 from an evaporative cooler 8th further cooled to 283 K The cooled total air flow 9 is in a first partial air flow 10 and a second partial air flow 11 divided up.

Der zweite Luftteilstrom 11 wird in einem Nachverdichter 12 mit Nachkühler 13 von dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck (minus Druckverlusten) auf einen zweiten Gesamtluftdruck von 4,9 bar verdichtet. Der Nachverdichter kann zwei oder mehr Stufen mit Zwischenkühlung aufweisen; er ist aus Redundanzgründen vorzugsweise zweisträngig ausgebildet (beides in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt). Je ein Strang des Hauptluftverdichters und des Nachverdichters können als eine Maschine mit gemeinsamem Antrieb ausgebildet sein, insbesondere als Getriebeverdichter. Der zweite Luftteilstrom 14 wird anschließend in einem zweiten Direktkontaktkühler 15 von 295 K auf 290 K abgekühlt, und zwar in direktem Wärmeaustausch mit einem wärmeren Kühlwasserstrom 16.The second partial air flow 11 will be in a post-compressor 12 with aftercooler 13 from the first total air pressure (minus pressure drops) to a second total air pressure of 4.9 bar. The booster may have two or more intermediate cooling stages; it is preferably designed for redundancy reasons two-stranded (both not shown in the drawing). Depending on a strand of the main air compressor and the Nachverdichters may be designed as a machine with a common drive, in particular as a transmission compressor. The second partial air flow 14 is then in a second direct contact cooler 15 cooled from 295 K to 290 K, in direct heat exchange with a warmer cooling water stream 16 ,

Der erste Luftteilstrom wird in einer ersten Reinigungseinrichtung 18, die unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck betrieben wird, gereinigt und anschließend über Leitung 19 unter diesem Druck dem warmen Ende eines Hauptwärmetauschers zugeleitet, der in dem Ausführungsbeispiel durch zwei parallel geschaltete Blöcke 20, 21 gebildet wird. Die auf etwa Taupunkt abgekühlte Luft bildet einen ”ersten Einsatzluftstrom”, der einer ersten Hochdrucksäule 23 zugeführt wird.The first partial air stream is in a first cleaning device 18 , which is operated under the first total air pressure, cleaned and then over line 19 supplied under this pressure to the warm end of a main heat exchanger, which in the embodiment by two parallel blocks 20 . 21 is formed. The cooled to about dew point air forms a "first feed air stream", the first high-pressure column 23 is supplied.

Die erste Hochdrucksäule 23 ist Teil eines Destilliersäulen-Systems zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung, das außerdem eine zweite Hochdrucksäule 24, eine Niederdrucksäule, bestehend aus zwei Anschnitten 25, 26, einen Niederdrucksäulen-Zwischenverdampfer 27, einen Niederdrucksäulen-Sumpfverdampfer 28 und einen Nebenkondensator 29 aufweist. Der Niederdrucksäulen-Zwischenverdampfer 27 und der Niederdrucksäulen-Sumpfverdampfer 28 sind als Fallfilmverdampfer ausgebildet, der Nebenkondensator 29 als Badverdampfer.The first high pressure column 23 is part of a distillation column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation, which also has a second high-pressure column 24 , a low pressure column consisting of two gates 25 . 26 , a low-pressure column intermediate evaporator 27 , a low-pressure column bottom evaporator 28 and a secondary capacitor 29 having. The low-pressure column intermediate evaporator 27 and the low pressure column bottom evaporator 28 are designed as falling film evaporator, the secondary capacitor 29 as a bath evaporator.

Der vorgekühlte zweite Luftteilstrom 17 wird in einer zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung 30, die unter dem zweiten Gesamtluftdruck betrieben wird, gereinigt. Aus dem gereinigten zweite Luftteilstrom kann über Leitung 32 ein kleiner Teil entnommen werden, der als Instrumentenluft oder für zwecke außerhalb der Luftzerlegung eingesetzt wird. Der Rest strömt über Leitung 33 zum Hauptwärmetauscher 20 und wird dort abgekühlt. Der abgekühlte zweite Luftteilstrom 34 wird aufgeteilt in einen ”zweiten Einsatzluftstrom” 35, der in die zweite Hochdrucksäule 24 eingeleitet wird, und in einen ”dritten Einsatzluftstrom” 36, welcher dem Verflüssigungsraum des Nebenkondensators 29 zugeleitet wird.The pre-cooled second partial air flow 17 is in a second cleaning device 30 , which is operated under the second total air pressure, cleaned. From the purified second partial air stream can via line 32 a small part, which is used as instrument air or for purposes outside the air separation. The rest flows over line 33 to the main heat exchanger 20 and is cooled down there. The cooled second partial air stream 34 is divided into a "second feed air stream" 35 in the second high-pressure column 24 introduced into a "third feed air stream" 36 , which is the liquefaction space of the secondary condenser 29 is forwarded.

Der mindestens teilweise, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen vollständig kondensierte dritte Teilstrom 37 wird in einen Abscheider (Phasentrenner) 38 eingeleitet. Der flüssige Anteil 39 wird zu einem ersten Teil 40 der ersten Hochdrucksäule 23 zugeleitet. Zu einem zweiten Teil 41 wird er über einen Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42 und Leitung 43 in die Niederdrucksäule 26 eingespeist.The at least partially, preferably substantially completely condensed, third substream 37 gets into a separator (phase separator) 38 initiated. The liquid portion 39 becomes a first part 40 the first high-pressure column 23 fed. To a second part 41 he gets over a subcooling countercurrent 42 and direction 43 in the low pressure column 26 fed.

Stickstoffreiches Kopfgas 44 der ersten Hochdrucksäule 23 wird zu einem ersten Teil in dem Niederdrucksäulen-Zwlschenverdampfer 27 kondensiert. Dabei gewonnener flüssiger Stickstoff 46 wird zu einem ersten Teil 47 als Rücklauf auf den Kopf der ersten Hochdrucksäule 23 aufgegeben. Ein zweiter Teil 48 wird in dem Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42 abgekühlt und über Leitung 49 als Rücklauf auf den Kopf der Niederdrucksäule 26 aufgegeben. Ein Teil 50 der unterkühlten Flüssigkeit kann bei Bedarf als Flüssigprodukt (LIN) gewonnen werden.Nitrogen-rich head gas 44 the first high-pressure column 23 becomes a first part in the low pressure column evaporator 27 condensed. In the process, recovered liquid nitrogen 46 becomes a first part 47 as reflux to the head of the first high-pressure column 23 given up. A second part 48 is in the subcooling countercurrent 42 cooled and over line 49 as reflux to the top of the low-pressure column 26 given up. A part 50 the supercooled liquid can be recovered as needed as a liquid product (LIN).

Ein zweiter Teil 51 des stickstoffreichen Kopfgases 44 der ersten Hochdrucksäule 23 wird in dem Hauptwärmetauscher 20 auf eine Zwischentemperatur angewärmt. Der angewärmte Druckstickstoff 52 wird in einer generatorgebremsten Druckstickstoff-Turbine 53 von 2,7 bar auf 1,25 bar arbeitsleistend entspannt. Der Austrittsdruck der Turbine reicht gerade aus, um den arbeitsleistend entspannten Strom 54 durch den Hauptwärmetauscher 20 und über die Leitungen 55, 56, 57 als Regeneriergas durch die erste und die zweite Reinigungseinrichtung 18, 30 zu drücken.A second part 51 of the nitrogen-rich overhead gas 44 the first high-pressure column 23 is in the main heat exchanger 20 warmed to an intermediate temperature. The warmed up pressure nitrogen 52 is in a generator-braked pressurized nitrogen turbine 53 from 2.7 bar to 1.25 bar performing work relaxed. The outlet pressure of the turbine is just sufficient to the work-performing relaxed flow 54 through the main heat exchanger 20 and over the wires 55 . 56 . 57 as a regeneration gas through the first and the second cleaning device 18 . 30 to press.

Stickstoffreiches Kopfgas 58 der zweiten Hochdrucksäule 24 wird in dem Niederdrucksäulen-Sumpfverdampfer 28 kondensiert. Dabei gewonnener flüssiger Stickstoff 59 wird zu einem ersten Teil 60 als Rücklauf auf den Kopf der zweiten Hochdrucksäule 24 aufgegeben. Ein zweiter Teil 61 wird in dem Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42 abgekühlt und über Leitung 62 als Rücklauf auf den Kopf der Niederdrucksäule 26 aufgegeben. Nitrogen-rich head gas 58 the second high pressure column 24 is in the low-pressure column bottom evaporator 28 condensed. In the process, recovered liquid nitrogen 59 becomes a first part 60 as reflux to the head of the second high-pressure column 24 given up. A second part 61 is in the subcooling countercurrent 42 cooled and over line 62 as reflux to the top of the low-pressure column 26 given up.

Die Sumpfflüssigkeiten 63, 64 der beiden Hochdrucksäulen 23, 24 werden zusammengeführt, über Leitung 65, den Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42 und Leitung 66 in die Niederdrucksäule 26 eingespeist.The bottoms 63 . 64 the two high-pressure columns 23 . 24 are merged, via wire 65 , the subcooling countercurrent 42 and direction 66 in the low pressure column 26 fed.

Die Sumpfflüssigkeit 66 der Niederdrucksäule 25 wird in den Verdampfungsraum des Niederdrucksäulen-Sumpfverdampfers 28 eingeleitet und dort teilweise verdampft. Der flüssig verbliebene Anteil 67 strömt in den Verdampfungsraum des Nebenkondensators 29 und wird dort teilweise verdampft. Der verdampfte Anteil 68 wird zum kalten Ende des Hauptwärmetauscher-Blocks 20 geleitet, auf etwa Umgebungstemperatur angewärmt und schließlich über Leitung 69 als gasförmiges Sauerstoffprodukt (GOX) einer Reinheit von 95 mol-% gewonnen. Der flüssig verbliebene Anteil wird zu einem Teil 70 in einer Pumpe 71 auf einen Druck von 6 bar, in dem Hauptwärmetauscher-Block 21 verdampft und angewärmt und schließlich dem gasförmigen Sauerstoffprodukt 69 zugemischt. Ein anderer Teil 72 kann über den Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42, Pumpe 73 und Leitung 74 als Flüssigsauerstoffprodukt (LOX) gewonnen werden.The bottoms liquid 66 the low pressure column 25 is in the evaporation chamber of the low-pressure column bottom evaporator 28 initiated and partially evaporated there. The liquid remaining proportion 67 flows into the evaporation space of the secondary condenser 29 and is partially evaporated there. The vaporized portion 68 goes to the cold end of the main heat exchanger block 20 passed, warmed to about ambient temperature and finally via line 69 recovered as a gaseous oxygen product (GOX) of a purity of 95 mol%. The remaining liquid part becomes a part 70 in a pump 71 to a pressure of 6 bar, in the main heat exchanger block 21 vaporized and warmed and finally the gaseous oxygen product 69 admixed. Another part 72 can via the subcooling countercurrent 42 , Pump 73 and direction 74 be obtained as a liquid oxygen product (LOX).

Eine flüssige Zwischenfraktion 75, die am unteren Ende des zweiten Niederdrucksäulenabschnitts 26 anfällt wird mittels einer Pumpe 76 in den Verdampfungsraum des Niederdrucksäulen-Zwischenverdampfers 27 gefördert und dort teilweise verdampft. Dabei erzeugter Dampf wird gemeinsam mit dem am Kopf des ersten Niederdrucksäulenabschnitts 25 anfallenden Dampf über die Leitungen 77 und 79 in den zweiten Niederdrucksäulenabschnitt 26 geleitet, gegebenenfalls gemeinsam mit umlaufender Spülflüssigkeit 78. Der Rest der flüssig verbliebenen Zwischenfraktion dient als Rücklaufflüssigkeit im ersten Niederdrucksäulenabschnitt 25.A liquid intermediate fraction 75 at the lower end of the second low-pressure column section 26 is obtained by means of a pump 76 in the evaporation chamber of the low-pressure column intermediate evaporator 27 promoted and partially evaporated there. In this case generated steam is shared with the head of the first low-pressure column section 25 accumulating steam over the lines 77 and 79 in the second low-pressure column section 26 directed, optionally together with circulating flushing liquid 78 , The remainder of the liquid remaining intermediate fraction serves as reflux liquid in the first low-pressure column section 25 ,

Am Kopf der Niederdrucksäule 26 wird stickstoffreiches Restgas 80 unter einem Druck von 1,26 bar abgezogen und nach Anwärmung in Unterkühlungs-Gegenströmer 42 und Hauptwärmetauscher 20 über Leitung 81 praktisch drucklos als trockenes Gas in den Verdunstungskühler 8 eingespeist und dort zur Abkühlung von Kühlwasser 82 genutzt.At the top of the low-pressure column 26 becomes nitrogen-rich residual gas 80 withdrawn under a pressure of 1.26 bar and after heating in subcooling countercurrent 42 and main heat exchanger 20 via wire 81 virtually depressurized as dry gas in the evaporative cooler 8th fed and there for cooling of cooling water 82 used.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • EP 342436 A2 [0005] EP 342436 A2 [0005]

Claims (5)

Verfahren zur Erzeugung zweier gereinigter Luftteilströme unter verschiedenen Drücken, bei dem – ein Gesamtluftstrom (1) auf einen ersten Gesamtluftdruck verdichtet wird, – der verdichtete Gesamtluftstrom (5) unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck durch Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser gekühlt wird, – der Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser zur Kühlung des Gesamtluftstroms (5) mindestens teilweise als direkter Wärmeaustausch in einem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen (6) durchgeführt wird, – der gekühlte Gesamtluftstrom (9) in einen ersten Luftteilstrom (10) und einen zweiten Luftteilstrom (11) aufgeteilt wird, – der erste Luftteilstrom (10) unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck in einer ersten Reinigungseinrichtung (18) gereinigt und als erster gereinigter Luftteilstrom (19) gewonnen wird, – der zweite Luftteilstrom (11) auf einen höheren Druck nachverdichtet (12) wird, der höher als der erste Gesamtluftdruck ist, – der nachverdichtete zweite Luftteilstrom (14) durch Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser gekühlt wird, – der gekühlte zweite Luftteilstrom (17) unter dem höheren Druck in einer zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung (30) gereinigt und als zweiter gereinigter Luftteilstrom (31) gewonnen wird.Method for producing two purified partial air streams at different pressures, in which - a total air flow ( 1 ) is compressed to a first total air pressure, - the compressed total air flow ( 5 ) below the first total air pressure by heat exchange ( 4 . 6 ) is cooled with cooling water, - the heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the total air flow ( 5 ) at least partially as a direct heat exchange in a first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns ( 6 ), - the cooled total air flow ( 9 ) in a first partial air flow ( 10 ) and a second partial air flow ( 11 ), - the first partial air flow ( 10 ) below the first total air pressure in a first cleaning device ( 18 ) and as the first purified partial air stream ( 19 ), - the second partial air stream ( 11 ) to a higher pressure ( 12 ), which is higher than the first total air pressure, - the recompressed second partial air flow ( 14 ) by heat exchange ( 4 . 6 ) is cooled with cooling water, - the cooled second partial air stream ( 17 ) under the higher pressure in a second cleaning device ( 30 ) and as a second purified partial air stream ( 31 ) is won. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass des Gesamtluftstroms (5) in dem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen (6) auf eine niedrige Temperatur gekühlt wird, die unterhalb der Umgebungstemperatur liegt.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the total air flow ( 5 ) in the first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns ( 6 ) is cooled to a low temperature, which is below the ambient temperature. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeaustausch mit Kühlwasser zur Kühlung des nachverdichteten zweiten Luftteilstroms (14) mindestens teilweise als direkter Wärmeaustausch in einem zweiten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen (6) durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchange with cooling water for cooling the recompressed second partial air stream ( 14 ) at least partially as a direct heat exchange in a second The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns ( 6 ) is carried out. Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft in einem Destilliersäulen-System zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung, bei dem ein erster und ein zweiter gereinigter Luftteilstrom gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 erzeugt wird und mindestens ein Teil des ersten gereinigten Luftteilstroms und mindestens ein Teil des zweiten gereinigten Luftteilstroms in das Destilliersäulen-System zur Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-Trennung eingeführt werden.A process for the cryogenic separation of air in a nitrogen-oxygen separation distillation column system wherein first and second purified partial air streams are generated according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and at least a portion of the first purified partial air stream and at least a portion of the second purified one Partial air stream are introduced into the distillation column system for nitrogen-oxygen separation. Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung zweier gereinigter Luftteilströme unter verschiedenen Drücken, mit – einem HL zum Verdichten eines Gesamtluftstroms (1) auf einen ersten Gesamtluftdruck, – einem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen (6) zum Kühlen des verdichtetes Gesamtluftstrom (5) unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck durch direkten Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser, – Mitteln zum Aufteilen des in dem ersten Die Kondensator-Verdampfer für die Niederdrucksäule (der Niederdrucksäulen gekühlten Gesamtluftstrom (9) in einen ersten Luftteilstrom (10) und einen zweiten Luftteilstrom (11), – einer ersten Reinigungseinrichtung (18) zum Reinigen des ersten Luftteilstroms (10) unter dem ersten Gesamtluftdruck, – Mitteln zum Gewinnen des ersten Luftteilstroms als erster gereinigter Luftteilstromstrom (19) stromabwärts der ersten Reinigungseinrichtung (18), – einem Nachverdichter (12) zum Nachverdichten des zweiten Luftteilstroms (11) auf einen höheren Druck, der höher als der erste Gesamtluftdruck ist, – Mitteln zum Kühlen des nachverdichteten zweiten Luftteilstroms (14) durch Wärmeaustausch (4, 6) mit Kühlwasser, – einer zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung (30) zum Reinigen des gekühlten zweiten Luftteilstroms (17) unter dem höheren Druck und mit – Mitteln zum Gewinnen des zweiten Luftteilstroms als zweiter gereinigter Luftteilstromstrom (31) stromabwärts der zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung (30).Apparatus for producing two purified partial air streams at different pressures, comprising - a HL for compressing a total air flow ( 1 ) to a first total air pressure, - a first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns ( 6 ) for cooling the compressed total air flow ( 5 ) below the first total air pressure by direct heat exchange ( 4 . 6 ) with cooling water, - means for dividing the in the first The condenser-evaporator for the low-pressure column (the low-pressure columns cooled total air flow ( 9 ) in a first partial air flow ( 10 ) and a second partial air flow ( 11 ), - a first cleaning device ( 18 ) for cleaning the first partial air stream ( 10 ) under the first total air pressure, - means for obtaining the first partial air flow as the first purified air partial flow ( 19 ) downstream of the first cleaning device ( 18 ), - a post-compressor ( 12 ) for recompressing the second partial air stream ( 11 ) to a higher pressure, which is higher than the first total air pressure, - means for cooling the post-compressed second partial air flow ( 14 ) by heat exchange ( 4 . 6 ) with cooling water, - a second cleaning device ( 30 ) for cleaning the cooled second partial air stream ( 17 ) under the higher pressure and with - means for obtaining the second partial air stream as the second purified partial air stream ( 31 ) downstream of the second cleaning device ( 30 ).
DE102011113666A 2011-09-20 2011-09-20 Method and device for producing two purified partial air streams Withdrawn DE102011113666A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011113666A DE102011113666A1 (en) 2011-09-20 2011-09-20 Method and device for producing two purified partial air streams
US14/345,717 US10222120B2 (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 Method and device for generating two purified partial air streams
CN201280046020.1A CN104185767B (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 For the method and apparatus producing two strands of partial air flow purified
KR1020147010644A KR101947112B1 (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 Method and device for generating two purified partial air streams
PCT/EP2012/003945 WO2013053425A2 (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 Method and device for generating two purified partial air streams
AU2012323524A AU2012323524B2 (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 Method and device for generating two purified partial air streams
EP12766000.9A EP2758735A2 (en) 2011-09-20 2012-09-20 Method and device for generating two purified partial air streams

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0342436A2 (en) 1988-05-20 1989-11-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Low-temperature air separation process

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0342436A2 (en) 1988-05-20 1989-11-23 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Low-temperature air separation process

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